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Journal articles on the topic 'Acid leaching'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Park, Yujin, Yuik Eom, Kyoungkeun Yoo, and Manis Kumar Jha. "Leaching of Copper from Waste-Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) in Sulfate Medium Using Cupric Ion and Oxygen." Metals 11, no. 9 (2021): 1369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11091369.

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In the present paper, the leaching of copper from printed circuit boards (PCBs) using sulfuric acid with Cu2+ and O2 is proposed. The effects of various process parameters such as agitation speed, temperature, the type and the flow rate of gas, initial Cu2+ concentration, and pulp density were investigated to examine the dissolution behavior of Cu from PCBs in 1 mol/L sulfuric acid. The kinetic studies were performed using the obtained leaching data. The leaching rate of Cu from PCBs was found to be higher on addition of Cu2+ and O2 to the leachant in comparison with the addition of O2 or both
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2

Sahu, Sibananda, Subhankar Pati, and Niharbala Devi. "A Detailed Kinetic Analysis of the Environmentally Friendly Leaching of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Monocarboxylic Acid." Metals 13, no. 5 (2023): 947. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13050947.

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It is essential to develop a leaching procedure that uses minimal acid consumption, is economical, recovers large amounts of metal, and has a minimal negative impact on the environment. In this paper, a viable hydrometallurgical method using acetic acid as a leachant is suggested for recovering critical metals from waste LCO-type batteries. Several leaching parameters were examined in order to optimize the leaching conditions. With 1.2 mol/L acetic acid, 7% H2O2, 90 °C, an S/L ratio of 10 g/L, and a 60 min leaching period, the maximum leaching efficiencies of Li (99.6%) and Co (95.6%) were att
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3

Lu, Rong Rong, Yi He Zhang, Feng Shan Zhou, and Xin Ke Wang. "Research of Leaching Alumina and Iron Oxide from Bayer Red Mud." Applied Mechanics and Materials 151 (January 2012): 355–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.151.355.

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Adopting Bayer red mud as raw material, researching five acid leaching of alumina and iron oxide methods, hydrochloric acid leaching, sulfuric acid leaching, mixed acid leaching and two methods of classification acid leaching, affecting on leaching ratio of Al and Fe in red mud. All the five acid leaching experiments have a good effect on the leaching ratios of alumina and iron oxide. The highest leaching ratios of alumina and iron oxide are 90.1% and 99.0% when the volume of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid are 25mL in the mixed acid leaching. Finally, obtain better condition of preparing
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4

Kosanlavit, Waraporn, and Napat Noinumsai. "Effects of Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron on Soil-Leaching of Trinitrotoluene Contaminated Soil in Acid Rain Conditions." Key Engineering Materials 907 (January 21, 2022): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.907.66.

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The study of effects of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) on soil-leaching of trinitrotoluene (TNT) contaminated soil in the acid rain conditions is aim to the determination of the effect of nZVI which used as treatment material on soil leaching of TNT contaminated soil in raining condition. Research methodology, soil leaching batch reactor was designed for TNT remediation in soil with nZVI. The reactor was divided into three compartments for the different series of the experiment. Three compartments of the experiments were used for 1) TNT-contaminated soil column (without leaching), 2) TNT-co
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5

Mohd Rozali, Mohd Fasyraf Hafizi, Nurulfazielah Nasir, Suhaina Ismail, and Norazharuddin Shah Abdullah. "Preliminary Studies on Acid Leaching of Finely-Ground Malaysian Low Grade Manganese Ore (LGMO)." Materials Science Forum 840 (January 2016): 364–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.840.364.

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Ore samples, believed to be low grade manganese ore were characterized using XRD, XRF and SEM, before being ground further into very fine particle sizes going through a preliminary leaching process. Sulfuric acid was chosen as the leachant, and leaching was done without any presence of reducing agents.
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6

B., Manoj, Kunjomana A. G., and Mansoor Ahmad. "Effect of Leaching High Ash Coal by Hydrofluoric Acid and EDTA on Removal of Mineral Matter and Sulphur." Mapana - Journal of Sciences 8, no. 2 (2009): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.12723/mjs.15.4.

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Demineralization of coal was carried out using EDTA and HF. The residual coal from each treatment was characterized together with virgin coal using Scanning Electron Microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). An elemental analyzer was adopted to analyze CHNS on virgin and residual coal sample. The current research compares the leaching efficiency of a mild leachant and a strong leachant. The final analysis showed that the coal under study was subbituminous coal and leaching could improve the amount of carbonaceous material. It was observed that with HF leaching aluminates silicate
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7

Delmas, Francisco, Lucinda Gonçalves, Isabel M. Martins, and Manuela Oliveira. "Magnesium Removal from TiC-TiB2 SHS-Powders by Controlled Hot Acid Leaching." Materials Science Forum 514-516 (May 2006): 594–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.594.

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TiC and TiC–TiB2 powder mixtures obtained directly from titanium (TiO2) and boron (B2O3 or B4C) raw-materials by reduction with magnesium by self propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) contain, as impurity, large quantities of MgO under its periclase form, together in some cases with unreacted magnesium. Several leaching agents, namely hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, acetic acid and EDTA were tested aiming at removal of magnesium from these powders as required characteristic for further work. Several parameters as leachant concentration, pH, reaction time and temperature were evaluate
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8

Miettinen, Ville, Jarno Mäkinen, Eero Kolehmainen, Tero Kravtsov, and Lotta Rintala. "Iron Control in Atmospheric Acid Laterite Leaching." Minerals 9, no. 7 (2019): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9070404.

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Iron control in the atmospheric acid leaching (AL) of nickel laterite was evaluated in this study. The aim was to decrease acid consumption and iron dissolution by iron precipitation during nickel leaching. The combined acid leaching and iron precipitation process involves direct acid leaching of the limonite type of laterite followed by a simultaneous iron precipitation and nickel leaching step. Iron precipitation as jarosite is carried out by using nickel containing silicate laterite for neutralization. Acid is generated in the jarosite precipitation reaction, and it dissolves nickel and oth
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9

Tang, Yue, Guohua Ye, and Qi Zuo. "Vanadium Extraction from the Flotation Concentrate of Vanadium-Bearing Shale by Process of Non-Roasting Enhanced Acid Leaching and Thermodynamics." Molecules 28, no. 6 (2023): 2706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28062706.

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The purpose of this work is to significantly improve the vanadium grade of vanadium-bearing shale after flotation preconcentration, which is conducive to reducing the acid consumption and industrial costs in the subsequently enhanced acid leaching of vanadium. Vanadium concentrate from vanadium-bearing shale enriched by flotation is used for acid-leaching feed. The leaching effects of two kinds of acid-leaching systems were compared, and the mechanism of acid leaching on the mineral structure was also described. The difficulty of spontaneous reactions of vanadium-bearing minerals such as garne
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10

Zhang, Lei, Hao Wang, and Yu Li. "Research on the Extract Al2O3 from Coal Gangue." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 1947–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.1947.

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The experiments selected Wang Taipu gangue as raw materials and adopted single factor experimental method to study the leaching of aluminum oxide from gangue by using hydrochloric acid as leaching medium. The experiments studied solvent/sample mass ratio, hydrochloric acid/sample, liquid-solid ratio, hydrochloric acid concentration, leaching time and leaching temperature on Al2O3 leaching rate of coal gangue. Through the parallel experiment of the above factors, we can found that optimization conditions of hydrochloric acid leaching of alumina were: solvent /sample mass ratio: 0.20, solvent: N
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11

Abashina, T. N., A. A. Yachkula, and M. B. Vainshtein. "Prevention of sulfuric acid pollution: intensification of metal leaching with organic acids." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 981, no. 3 (2022): 032029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/981/3/032029.

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Abstract Hydrometallurgical mining of valuable and non-ferrous metals is traditionally accompanied by a large-scale pollution of the territories with sulfuric acid. This pollution is the global problem and requires the significant remediation costs. There are known some attempts to replace sulfuric and other strong inorganic acids with organic acids which could be easier utilized under natural conditions. However, this approach proved to be ineffective due to the weak leaching effect of organic acids. In our experiments on chemical leaching, we investigated leaching of nickel from low-grade si
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12

Xiang, Xiao Yan, Wen Tang Xia, Xiao Li Yuan, Jian Guo Yin, and Juan An. "Removal of Phosphorus from High Phosphorus Iron Ores in Wushan Mountain by Crosscurrent Acid Leaching." Solid State Phenomena 279 (August 2018): 222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.279.222.

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In the process of resource utilization of high phosphorus iron ores, phosphorus should be removed first. Compared to other dephosphorization methods, selective leaching with acid has special advantages such as high dephosphorization ratio, low iron loss and so on. However, a large amount of acidic wastewater containing phosphorus was produced after acid leaching. Therefore, the rational use of acidic wastewater and decrease of acid consumption is crucial to remove phosphorus by acid leaching. In this paper, the thermodynamics of the acid leaching was studied according to the existence form of
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13

Jiang, Yan, Gan Xie, Rui Min Xiao, Du Shu Huang, Zi Jing Li, and Li Da Sun. "Experimental Investigation of Indium Extraction by Sulfuric Acid Precure Pressure-Atmospheriation Leaching from Tin Dust." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 3211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.3211.

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Sulfuric Acid precure Pressure-atmospheriation leaching process from tin dust was studied. The factors had been investigated,which effects indium leaching rate,the factors are :the sulfuric acid initial temperature, curing time of heat, acid dosage, leaching reaction time, leaching temperature, the liquid-solid ratio and so on.The results show that the indium, zinc and tin leaching rate can be 96.68%, 97.70% and 0.52%,while pressure-atmospheriation leaching is carried out under the initial temperature 140°C,sulfuric acid, the time of heat aging 40 min, acid dosage and tin of tobacco smoke mass
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14

Zhu, Jun, Ji Ke Guo, Jing Jing Xue, and Xin Li. "Experimental Study on Intensified Leaching of Vanadium Ore." Materials Science Forum 724 (June 2012): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.724.355.

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The wet technology for vanadium extraction from the complex refractory vanadium ores was studied as a preferred approach with phosphoric acid as helper leaching agent. The results showed that the addition of phosphoric acid could improve the vanadium leaching rate significantly. Combination with sulfuric acid, high amount of phosphoric acid and high leaching temperature can promote the leaching of vanadium. With the sulfuric acid concentration of 425.6 g/L, leaching temperature of 90 °C, leaching time of 4 h and liquid-solid mass ratio 2:1, the vanadium leaching rate of 90 wt.% can be achieved
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15

Oliveira, Paula C., M. C. Rosa, Lucinda Gonçalves, Maria A. Trancoso, and Carlos A. Nogueira. "Acid Leaching of Leather Tanning Sludges: Metals Behaviour." Materials Science Forum 587-588 (June 2008): 758–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.587-588.758.

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Sludges generated in leather tanning processing are very complex wastes with potential deleterious effect on the environment and its management constitutes a high cost for the companies. In this work, sludges from a Portuguese tanning company were characterized and leached with acid solutions in order to evaluate the metals removal yields. The sludges contain, as main metals, 15% Ca, 5% Fe and 2.2 % Cr, in a dry basis. Other minor elements namely Al, Ti, Zn, Pb and Cu were also detected. The leaching experiments were carried out with two types of acids – hydrochloric and sulfuric – and the eff
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16

Yang, Jin Lin, Shao Jian Ma, Wei Mo, Jin Peng Feng, Xiu Juan Su, and Gui Fang Wang. "Study on Recovering Zinc from Gossan." Advanced Materials Research 454 (January 2012): 329–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.454.329.

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In this paper, the conventional physical separation method such as flotation, gravity separation, magnetic separation, alkaline leaching and sulfuric acid leaching were studied. The effects of grinding fineness, amount of agent, magnetic intensity, roasting temperature, roasting time, the leaching agent and leaching time on the leaching of zinc were investigated, respectively. The results show that the leaching rate of zinc is below 50% in the conventional alkaline leaching, and the leaching rate of zinc is below 85% and the leaching rate of iron is above 35% in sulfuric acid leaching. Compare
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17

Zhang, Bo, Zhaoguo Gao, Hongzhao Liu, Wei Wang, and Yaohua Cao. "Direct Acid Leaching of Vanadium from Stone Coal." High Temperature Materials and Processes 36, no. 9 (2017): 877–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/htmp-2016-0055.

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AbstractThis paper focused on optimizing the process conditions of direct acid leaching process to enhance the leaching efficiency of leaching vanadium from the stone coal. Orthogonal experiments and single factor experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of the influential factors of direct acid leaching on vanadium leaching ratio. The results showed that the vanadium leaching ratio reached the maximum value of 89.22 % under the optimal process conditions of CaF2 dosage 5 mass%, H2SO4 dosage 40 mass%, leaching temperature 95 °C and leaching time 10 h. Furthermore, the reaction mech
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18

Sun, Nan, Chen Yang, Xin Qin, et al. "Effects of Organic Acid Root Exudates of Malus hupehensis Rehd. Derived from Soil and Root Leaching Liquor from Orchards with Apple Replant Disease." Plants 11, no. 21 (2022): 2968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11212968.

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Organic acids secreted by plants, such as p-hydroxybenzoic acid, ferulic acid, cinnamic acid, and benzoic acid, can inhibit seed germination and root growth. The effects of root and soil leaching liquor from orchards on the growth of M. hupehensis Rehd. seedlings under sand culture are studied; the seedlings are sampled at 15, 30, 45, and 60 d. Changes in the amount of root exudates are determined using HPLC. Low concentrations of root leaching liquor (A1) and soil leaching liquor (B1) significantly promoted plant growth and chlorophyll synthesis; high concentrations of root leaching liquor (A
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19

Liu, Borui, Qing Huang, Yuefeng Su, et al. "Maleic, glycolic and acetoacetic acids-leaching for recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries: leaching parameters, thermodynamics and kinetics." Royal Society Open Science 6, no. 9 (2019): 191061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191061.

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Environmentally friendly acid-leaching processes with three organic acids (maleic, glycolic and acetoacetic) were developed to recover valuable metals from the cathodic material of spent lithium-ion batteries (LiCoO 2 ). The leaching efficiencies of Li and Co by the maleic acid were 99.58% and 98.77%, respectively. The leaching efficiencies of Li and Co by the glycolic acid were 98.54% and 97.83%, while those by the acetoacetic acid were 98.62% and 97.99%, respectively. The optimal acid concentration for the maleic acid-, glycolic acid- and acetoacetic acid-leaching processes were 1, 2 and 1.5
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20

Vardar, E., R. H. Eric, and F. K. Letowski. "Acid leaching of chromite." Minerals Engineering 7, no. 5-6 (1994): 605–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0892-6875(94)90093-0.

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21

Widi Astuti, Fika Rofiek Mufakhir, Yayat Iman Supriyatna, Amru Daulay, Moch Setyadji, and Jilda Sofiana Dewi. "Dual-synergistic effects of citric acid on atmospheric leaching of manganese ores." Jurnal Rekayasa Proses 19, no. 1 (2025): 73–80. https://doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.17590.

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In the current study, a leaching of manganese from Indonesian manganese ores using citric acid as leaching reagent without the addition of reducing agent was investigated. Citric acid was being used as a leaching reagent and reducing agent at same time due to its reducing power. Several leaching parameters were investigated to obtain the optimum condition of citric acid leaching of manganese from those manganese ores. Low grade manganese ores from two mining areas in Indonesia contained 36.77% Mn (WK ore) and 12.5% (TG ore) with different mineral types can be leached using citric acid as leach
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22

Mai, Yi, Wen Hui Ma, Ke Qiang Xie, Tong Wang, Hu Zhang, and Qiang Liu. "Comparative Study on Removal of Fe, Al and Ca From MG-Si by Acid Leaching." Advanced Materials Research 581-582 (October 2012): 831–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.581-582.831.

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In order to find the most effective hydrometallurgical method of removing iron, aluminum and calcium from MG-Si, a variety of acid leaching methods were presented. The research results show that the order of capacity of metallic impurity removal is HF, HCl, HNO3 and H2SO4. The most effective hydrometallurgical method is the leaching by mixed acid with hydrofluoric acid and sulfuric acid. Removal efficiency of hydrochloric acid pressure leaching can improved as the pressure increases. Sulfuric acid and nitric acid even using high pressure leaching cannot obtain high impurity removal rate. The l
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23

Loughlaımı, Intıssar, Zineelabidine Bakher, Mohamed Toukhmi, and Abdeljalil Zouhri. "Evaluation and Comparative Analysis of Heavy Metal Leaching Efficiency by Nitric Acid, Perchloric Acid and Sulfuric Acid from Moroccan Phosphate Solid Waste." Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section B: Chemical Engineering 8, no. 1 (2025): 47–58. https://doi.org/10.58692/jotcsb.1553183.

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This article presents a comprehensive study into the leaching of heavy metals such as Al, As, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, Fe and Cr from Moroccan phosphate solid waste. Sulfuric acid, perchloric acid and nitric acid were used as leaching agents at various concentrations (0.5 M, 1 M, 2 M, 3 M and 4 M) under ambient temperature conditions, maintaining a particle size of 160 µm and a stirring time of 1 hour. To optimize the efficiency of metal extraction, research focused on the subtle interplay between acid selection and concentration. Nitric acid appears as the front runner, consistently showing excellent
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Shirchinnamjil, Nyamdelger, Narangarav Tumen-Ulzii, Nemekhbayar Davaadorj, et al. "Treatment of copper-containing leaching residue by sulfation roasting followed by acid/water leaching." Mongolian Journal of Chemistry 24, no. 50 (2023): xx. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjc.v24i50.1310.

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This research investigates the extraction of copper from copper-containing leaching residue, which includes 33.45% of copper, 14.14% of iron, 23.87% of sulfur and trace amounts of silver and other elements. Roasting the copper-containing residue under air and oxygen flow convert sulfides into sulfate, followed by water and acid leaching to extract copper. The process parameters, including leaching temperature, sulfuric acid concentration, leaching time, solid-to liquid ratio, and agitation speed, were optimized for both water and acid leaching methods. Results showed that the maximum copper di
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25

Jahan, M. Sarwar, S. Islam, M. Moniruzzaman, and MA Quaiyyum. "Effect of acid leaching of bamboo and hardwood chips on kraft pulping and pulp bleaching." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 51, no. 4 (2016): 247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v51i4.30441.

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Acid leaching of chips prior to pulping is a proven method to reduce non-process elements in kraft pulping process. In this paper, acid leaching of bamboo and hardwood chips was carried out at pH 2 for 1h at 80 °C prior to kraft pulping. Calcium removal in acid leaching from wood chips was 52.6% while for bamboo was only 17.4%. Acid leaching also reduced potassium (K) from 1258 mg/kg to 495.7 mg/kg for bamboo and 928 mg/kg to 562.5 mg/kg for wood chips. The effects of acid leaching on pulping, pulp bleaching, and papermaking characteristics were also determined. Acid leaching of both kinds of
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Li, Yaohong, Shuming Wen, Jing Cao, Dandan Wu, and Yijie Wang. "Leaching Kinetics of Hemimorphite with 5-Sulfosalicylic Acid." Metals 13, no. 7 (2023): 1249. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13071249.

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The kinetics of leaching zinc from hemimorphite was investigated. The factors that influence hemimorphite leaching were also evaluated, and a kinetic model was built. In addition, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) was used to investigate the changes of surface morphology before and after leaching. By decreasing particle size and increasing temperature, 5-sulfosalicylic acid concentration, and stirring speed, the leaching rate of hemimorphite can be enhanced. The shrinkage nucleus model describes the surface chemistry of leaching. The activation energy of hem
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Xu, Ya, Masahiko Demura, and Toshiyuki Hirano. "Improvement of Catalytic Activity of Atomized Ni3Al Powder for Methanol Decomposition by Surface Chemical Treatments." Materials Science Forum 750 (March 2013): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.750.68.

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The effect of acid and alkali leaching on catalytic activity of an atomized Ni3Al powder for methanol decomposition was investigated. It was found that a two-step process, an acid leaching followed by an alkali leaching, was most effective for improving the activity. The optimal conditions of acid and alkali leaching were examined. The effect of the acid and alkali leaching was attributed to the formation of fine Ni species and a porous surface structure.
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Xu, Ying, Limin Wang, Xuebin Su, et al. "Study on Mechanism of Oxygen Oxidation Leaching with Low Acid for High Acid Consumption Sandstone Uranium Deposit." Processes 11, no. 3 (2023): 746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11030746.

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In view of the problems of high acid consumption, the blockage of ore-bearing beds caused by iron ion precipitation and a low leaching rate in the conventional acid leaching of a sandstone-type uranium deposit, the author put forward “low-acid and oxygen leaching technology” research. In order to further clarify the mechanism of leaching sandstone-type uranium ore with low acid and oxygen, the oxidation mechanism of ferrous ion under acidic conditions, the influencing factors of ferrous ion oxidation process, the kinetic simulation of oxygen oxidizing uranium minerals, and the interaction of u
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Jie, Yu Jun, Shahrul Kamaruddin, Mazli Mustapha, et al. "Reclamation of steel shots by acid leaching for powder metallurgy applications." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 11, no. 7 (2019): 168781401986696. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814019866961.

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Acid leaching is extensively employed for extractive metallurgy, but its use on reclamation of shot blasting media has not been extensively studied. The parameters of acid leaching process such as rate of stirring, the leached material grain size, the solid (material) to liquid (acid) ratio, type of acid, concentration of acid, leaching temperature, and leaching duration govern the effectiveness of this process. The goal of this article is to investigate the effectiveness of acid leaching to recover the iron from used shot blasting media. Influence of varying leaching durations on the recovery
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Stankovic, Srdjan, and Axel Schippers. "Bioleaching and Chemical Leaching of Lateritic Ore in Percolators." Metallurgical and Materials Data 1, no. 2 (2023): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.30544/mmd9.

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This work presents results of an initial exploration of nickel and cobalt bioleaching from lateritic ores in small percolators, which serve as simulations of the heap leaching process. Heap leaching offers an attractive alternative to high-pressure acid leaching of laterites, owing to its relatively simple technology, reduced capital and operational expenses, and lower carbon dioxide emissions. Conventional heap leaching of laterites relies on sulfuric acid leaching. Typically, this process consumes 400-500 kg/t of ore, necessitating the construction of a costly on-site sulfuric acid plant. Ho
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Wang, Jingxiu, Zhe Wang, Zhongzhi Zhang, and Guangqing Zhang. "Comparison of Butyric Acid Leaching Behaviors of Zinc from Three Basic Oxygen Steelmaking Filter Cakes." Metals 9, no. 4 (2019): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9040417.

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The selective leaching of zinc from three different basic oxygen steelmaking (BOS) filter cakes by butyric acid was investigated to compare the leaching behaviors of zinc and further to establish the correlation of the zinc leaching performances and the chemical compositions. The effects of acid concentration and the acid to solid (L/S) stoichiometric ratio were studied, with different optimal leaching conditions obtained. BOS-1 showed the lowest leachability with only less than 10% of zinc removed by 0.5 M acid concentration and 90% of the L/S stoichiometric ratio in 10 h. The best zinc selec
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Wang, Wan Kun, Jin Hui Peng, and Ze Biao Zhang. "Recovery Methods of Germanium." Advanced Materials Research 295-297 (July 2011): 2267–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.295-297.2267.

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The paper overviewed the recovery methods of germanium, summarized the feature of those methods such as leaching with sulphuric acid, chlorination leaching- distillation, alkali decomposion, leaching with hydrofluoric acid, extracting, reduction and leaching germanium with microorganism. And introduced the principles ,technologies and disadvantages of those methods. Finally, prospected that microwave pretreatment technology and microwave directly leaching can be used in traditional methods such as acid leaching and alkali decomposion to improve the recovery rate of germanium by change insoluab
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33

García, Diego Juan, Luis Javier Lozano Blanco, and María Dolores Mulero Vivancos. "Leaching of vanadium from sulphuric acid manufacture spent catalysts." Revista de Metalurgia 37, no. 1 (2001): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/revmetalm.2001.v37.i1.437.

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34

Yang, Jin Lin, Hong Mei Zhang, Xiu Juan Su, and Shao Jian Ma. "Study on Leaching Zinc Calcine with High Iron." Advanced Materials Research 826 (November 2013): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.826.118.

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In recent years, recovering zinc from zinc calcine with high iron has been a matter of discussion. In this paper, sulfuric acid leaching was carried out to assess the effect of several parameters on zinc and iron extraction in zinc calcine with high iron in which the grade of zinc and iron is 53.90% and 19.38%, respectively. Parameters, such as stirring speed, sulfuric acid concentration, liquid to solid ratio and leaching time, were investigated. The results show that leaching time has done nothing to the leaching rate, but has great influence on leaching efficiency. Liquid to solid ratio and
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Sun, Guan, Yang, and Wang. "Removal of Chromium from a Contaminated Soil Using Oxalic Acid, Citric Acid, and Hydrochloric Acid: Dynamics, Mechanisms, and Concomitant Removal of Non-Targeted Metals." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 15 (2019): 2771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16152771.

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Soil leaching is an effective remediation technique using agents to leach the target pollutants from the soil. However, the dynamics and mechanisms for leaching of Cr and other non-pollutant metals from Cr-contaminated soils are not yet well understood. Here, column leaching experiments were conducted to determine the effect of hydrochloric acid (HCl), citric acid (CA), and oxalic acid (OX) on the leaching of Cr, as well as of Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn, from a soil contaminated by a Cr slag heap. Acid leaching decreased soil pH and enhanced the mobility of all the surveyed metals. Leaching dynamics v
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Cho, Kanghee, Hyunsoo Kim, Eunji Myung, Oyunbileg Purev, Nagchoul Choi, and Cheonyoung Park. "Recovery of Gold from the Refractory Gold Concentrate Using Microwave Assisted Leaching." Metals 10, no. 5 (2020): 571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10050571.

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Microwave technology has been confirmed to be suitable for use in a wide range of mineral leaching processes. Compared to conventional leaching, microwave-assisted leaching has significant advantages. It is a proven process, because of its short processing time and reduced energy. The purpose of this study was to enhance the gold content in a refractory gold concentrate using microwave-assisted leaching. The leaching efficiencies of metal ions (As, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Pb) and recovery of gold from refractory gold concentrate were investigated via nitric acid leaching followed by microwave treatmen
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37

Shi, Gui Ming, and Xia Jing Yu. "Study on the Beneficiation Process of a Nickel Oxide Ore." Advanced Materials Research 813 (September 2013): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.813.269.

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For a nickel oxide ore, 1# ore sample was treated by sulfuric acid leaching and 2# ore sample was treated by ammonium sulfate roasting-sulfuric acid leaching through exploring experiments. The leaching rate of 92.04% with l# nickel oxide ore and the leaching rate of 72.36% with 2# nickel oxide ore were obtained by conducting the conditional experiments of sulfuric acid concentration, leaching time, ammonium sulfate dosage and so on.
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Guerra, R. N. G., Carlos A. Nogueira, and Fernanda Margarido. "Leaching Studies of Spent Zinc-Manganese Alkaline Batteries with Sulphuric Acid." Materials Science Forum 587-588 (June 2008): 763–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.587-588.763.

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The hydrometallurgical processing of metal bearing residues is one of the established routes envisaging metals recovery. In these processes, the leaching operation plays a central role as allows the solubilization of metals for further separation and recovery as pure products. This route can be applied to spent domestic batteries recycling, which studies on sulphuric acid leaching of spent alkaline batteries are reported in this paper. Material samples used in the trials were prepared concerning the real proportion of the most common sizes and shapes of batteries found in the usual stream of t
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Deng, Hao, Xuelin Pan, Fanyun Chen, Qingshan Gao, Chen Tian, and Zhang Lin. "Enhanced Recovery of Zn from Carbonate-Type Mixed Oxidized Ore (CMO) by Combining Organic Acid Leaching with Mechanical Activation." Metals 13, no. 6 (2023): 1021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13061021.

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With excessive consumption of sulfide ores, using low-grade Pb-Zn mixed ores to obtain Zn has attracted more attention. Acid leaching is an effective method for Zn recovery; however, a high concentration of inorganic acid brings severe environmental issues, including acidic wastewater, contaminated soil, etc. Compared with inorganic acid, organic acid showed lower acidity and toxicity. Herein, we applied an effective method for Zn recovery from carbonate-type Pb-Zn mixed ore (CMO), by combining organic acid leaching with mechanical activation. Among the organic acids applied (lactic, malonic,
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Zhang, Yi, Shu Ming Wen, and Shao Jun Bai. "Research on Reinforcing Acid Leaching of a Refractory Copper Oxide Ore with High Content of Slime and Iron Minerals." Advanced Materials Research 524-527 (May 2012): 1062–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.524-527.1062.

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The characteristics of Yangla copper oxide ore and acid leaching of this copper ore were investigated. The results indicate direct dump acid leaching of raw ore is not feasible for the treatment of this copper ore in practice. Sieve sizing-warming-stirring-acid leaching process was employed for the treatment of the fine grain materials below 1m, while 66.19% copper leaching efficiency and10.92 t H2SO4 consumption for per ton are obtained. Dump acid leaching process was employed for the treatment of the coarse grain materials above 1 mm, while 68.65% copper leaching efficiency and 15.43 t H2SO4
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Liu, Dan, Shu Ming Wen, Yong Jun Xian, Hai Ying Shen, Jiu Shuai Deng, and Dan Dan Wu. "Recovery of Copper from Flotation Tailings by Leaching." Applied Mechanics and Materials 325-326 (June 2013): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.325-326.128.

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A technology route of Reverse flotation of acid-consuming gangue mineralsAcid leaching for copperExtractingElectrodepositing is proposed for recovery copper from a tailings with high content of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide and high content of combined copper oxide. The effect of H2SO4concentration, leaching time and stirring speed on copper leaching was investigated. The leaching solution obtained under the optimal copper leaching conditions, was used to be proceeded for extracting and electrodepositing test. The best leaching conditions are stirring speed of 30 m/min, H2SO4concentration
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42

Hubert, Pierric, Angelina Noclain, Safi Jradi, and Alexandre Chagnes. "Optimizing Recycling Processes for Mixed LFP/NMC Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Comparative Study of Acid-Excess and Acid-Deficient Leaching." Metals 15, no. 1 (2025): 74. https://doi.org/10.3390/met15010074.

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This study explores the optimization of hydrometallurgical processes for recycling lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) containing a mixture of lithium iron phosphate (LFP) and nickel–manganese–cobalt (NMC) cathodes. Two approaches were investigated: acid-excess leaching and acid-deficient leaching with residue recirculation. A design of experiments (DoE) framework was applied to assess the impact of key parameters, including sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide concentrations, as well as solid-to-liquid (S/L) ratios, on the dissolution yields of target metals (Ni, Mn, Co, and Li). Acid-excess leaching
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Bolshakov, I. E., M. A. Nikulina, A. Yu Bychkov, and A. B. Ermolinsky. "Changes in the composition, structure and properties of andesite-basalt under conditions of simulated sulfuric acid leaching." Moscow University Bulletin Series 4 Geology, no. 2, 2025 (2025): 87–93. https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0579-9406-4-2025-64-2-87-93.

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Experimental sulfuric acid leaching of quaternary andesibasalt samples under closed system conditions under the influence of a concentrated sulfuric acid solution was carried out. A qualitative and quantitative assessment of the effect of sulfuric acid leaching on the composition and properties of andesibasalts at the first stages of opalization was carried out. The mechanism of crack formation in andesibasalts has been revealed due to the uneven expansion of the inclusions and the bulk during the leaching process. A comparison of the natural process of sulfuric acid leaching with laboratory l
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Mu, Wang Zhong, Ting An Zhang, Zhi He Dou, et al. "Oxygen Pressure Acid Leaching of Vanadium Slag." Applied Mechanics and Materials 79 (July 2011): 242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.79.242.

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Oxygen pressure acid leaching process was used to extract vanadium from vanadium slag (Panzhihua steelmaking plant of China). The single factor experiment was finished and the effects of temperature, leaching time, liquid to solid ratio, stirring speed, initial concentration of sulfuric acid, and were investigated on the leaching rate of vanadium, titanium and iron. The leachate and residue were characterized by ICP, XRF, XRD, SEM and EDX. The experiment results indicate when temperature is 140 °C, leaching time is 120 min, liquid to solid ratio is 20:1(ml:g), stirring speed is 500 rpm, initia
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Li, Xing Bin, Chang Wei, Zhi Gan Deng, Min Ting Li, Cun Xiong Li, and Hong Sheng Xu. "Acid Leaching of Vanadium from a Vanadium Residue." Advanced Materials Research 402 (November 2011): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.402.243.

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A process has been developed at the laboratory scale for leaching of vanadium from a vanadium residue using mixed hydrofluoric and sulfuric acid solutions, and NaClO as an oxidant. The extraction studies were carried out using various acid concentrations, liquid/solid ratios, addition of oxidant, reaction temperatures and leaching times. The optimum leaching conditions were then determined. Characterization of the leach residues was carried out by SEM and EDS analysis. Results indicate that the silicates can be effectively destroyed by HF, and the vanadium contained in the vanadium-iron spinel
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Zhang, Ying, Ting-An Zhang, David Dreisinger, Changxiao Lv, Guozhi Lv, and Weiguang Zhang. "Recovery of vanadium from calcification roasted-acid leaching tailing by enhanced acid leaching." Journal of Hazardous Materials 369 (May 2019): 632–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.081.

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47

Yabutani, Tomoki, Takamasa Nakamura, and Toshio Takayabagi. "Leaching of metals from steel samples in peracetic acid." Modern Physics Letters B 29, no. 06n07 (2015): 1540038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984915400382.

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In this paper, leaching behavior of metallic species from steel samples in peracetic acid was investigated. We compared the leaching efficiency between peracetic acid and acetic acid to estimate the role of peroxo functional group for the leaching. As a result, peracetic acid enhanced the leaching ability of metallic species from the high speed steel and the alloy steel samples. MoO 3, Mo , MO 2 C, W, WO 3, VC and MnO 2 were effectively leached by peracetic acid, while the stainless steel had a high resistance against corrosion by peracetic acid.
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48

Li, Fayue, Jingfeng Liu, Longjiao Lv, Xiwei Mu, Yuting Ren, and Guocheng Zhu. "Roasting Extraction of Lithium from Fly Ash: A Study of Influential Parameters and Mechanisms." Applied Sciences 15, no. 3 (2025): 1280. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031280.

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Fly ash consists of significant amounts of lithium, which is an essential resource for developing batteries. This study proposed an efficient method for extracting lithium from fly ash. First, we explored the parameters affecting the activation effect of sodium carbonate roasting and the leaching efficiency of lithium using acid leaching. Additionally, ultrasonic pre-treatment was applied to enhance activation. A further mechanism for the roasting extraction of lithium was symmetrically analyzed. The results showed that ultrasonic treatment at 200 W for 1 h under alkaline leaching conditions (
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Ginting, Lavita Indriani Br, Azwar Manaf, Widi Astuti, Yayat Iman Supriyatna, and Fathan Bahfie. "Study of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Extraction Process from Ilmenite Banten." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1201, no. 1 (2023): 012092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1201/1/012092.

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Abstract Ilmenite is found in the form of iron sand with reserves of 927,315,827 tons spread across several regions in Indonesia, including Banten which has seven million tons of iron sand. This mineral can be used as a raw material for making TiO2 pigments. The problem faced in the use of Ilmenite is its complex mineral structure which causes difficulties at the processing stage. The synthesis of TiO2 from ilmenite ore commonly used the sulfate process and the chloride process. The sulfate process is less environmentally friendly, has excessive costs, and produces a lot of liquid waste. While
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Peng, Hao, Bing Li, Wenbing Shi, and Zuohua Liu. "Efficient Recovery of Vanadium from High-Chromium Vanadium Slag with Calcium-Roasting Acidic Leaching." Minerals 12, no. 2 (2022): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12020160.

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High-chromium vanadium slag (HCVS) is an important by-product generated during the smelting process of high-chromium-vanadium-titanium-magnetite. Direct acid leaching and calcium-roasting acid leaching technology were applied to recover vanadium and chromium from HCVS. The effects of experimental parameters on the leaching process, including concentration of H2SO4, reaction temperature, reaction time, and liquid-to-solid ratio, were investigated. The XRD and UV-Vis DRS results showed that vanadium and chromium existed in low valence with a spinel structure in the HCVS. The Cr-spinel was too st
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