Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Acides aminés – Réactivité (chimie)'
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Yim, Anne-Marie. "Réactivité des "alpha, bêta"-déhydroaminoacides : additions radicalaires en solution et sur support solide." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20072.
Full textPothion, Catherine. "Etude de la réactivité des N-uréthane-N-carboxyanhydrides d'acides aminés (UNCAs) en chimie des peptides." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20214.
Full textHuguenot, Florent. "Réactivité d'imines et d'oxazolidines fluorées chirales : application à la synthèse d'aminoacides et d'aminoalcools fluorés énantiopurs : thèse pour le doctorat en sciences spécialité Chimie Organique." Reims, 2004. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000050.pdf.
Full textThis thesis falls under the field of organofluorinated chemistry and the asymmetrical synthesis. We studied various original methodologies of synthesis of di- and trifluoromethyl enantiopur compounds starting from chiral fluorinated oxazolidines and ketimines. The trifluoromethyl ketimines and oxazolidines are prepared by reaction of the fluoral or trifluorométhyl ketones with chiral amines or aminoalcohols. The difluoromethyl analogues are obtained by exploiting the electrophilic properties of difluoroenoxysilanes. The reduction of fluorinated oxazolidines by the hydrides is completely stereoselective, which gives access to enantiopur di- and trifluoromethyl amines. Oxazolidines with Lewis acid form in situ iminium species, which give access to the a-aminonitriles, precursors of enantiopur a-amino acids and 1,2-diamines, and acces to b-aminoesters and the b-aminoketones, precursors of enantiopur b-amino acids and 1,3-aminoalcohols
Ben, Messaouda M'hamed. "Réactivité du [60]Fullerène avec la glycine : de la théorie à la pratique." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA114812.
Full textThe main objective of this thesis was to synthesize fullerene derivatives for drug targeting. For this purpose we studied the reactions between glycine and C60. Amino-acids can be linked to C60 trough the primary amino function while the carboxylic function can be used for the attachment of the active drug. Comparing the theoretical results obtained by means of semi-empirical and DFT computations with experimental data allowed us to identify the main reaction products and to propose a reaction mechanism between the fullerene and glycine. Due to their structures and reactivity the resulting C60-glycine bis-adducts are suitable candidates for drug targeting
Paris, Marielle. "Réactivité des N-uréthane-N-carboxyanhydrides d'acides aminés (UNCas) vis-à-vis des dérivés lithiens. Synthèse de peptides aldéhydiques sur support solide." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20125.
Full textPilo, Vicente Juan-Carlos. "Synthèse et étude de la réactivité chimique de 3-aminoindan-1-ones diversement substituées." Caen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992CAEN4019.
Full textCoantic, Stéphanie. "Réactivité des N-sulfonyl, N-sulfinyl et N-sulfénylimines dans la réaction de Staudinger : la synthèse de β-lactames N-sulfurés et leur utilisation pour la synthèse de β-aminoacides [alpha]-oxygénés." Aix-Marseille 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX30045.
Full textThe synthesis of N-sulfonyl, N-sulfinyl and N-sulfenylimines has been achieved. These N-thiolated imines were tested in the Staudinger reaction with [alpha]-oxygenated ketenes. The [2+2] cycloaddition reaction was successfully applied to many N-sulfenylimines to give N-sulfenyl β-lactames with good yields and a good selectivity. These azetidinones bearing an electron-donor group on the nitrogen of the cycle were then used in the oxidation reaction of the sulphur to give the N-sulfinylated and N-sulfonylated cycloadducts. The new β-lactames bearing an electron-acceptor group on the nitrogen were used in nucleophilic ring opening reactions with amines, alcohols or thiols to give new [alpha]-oxygenated β-aminoacids
Alsaidi, Abdellah. "Synthèse et étude de la réactivité chimique des 6-amino-5,6-dihydro-4H-cyclopenta(c)thiophen-4-ones à visée antivirale." Caen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994CAEN4048.
Full textAouf, Nour-Eddine. "Synthèse, structure et réactivité de sulfahydantoi͏̈nes dérivées d'aminoacides par insertion de sulfamoyle." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20095.
Full textPedreira-Segade, Ulysse. "Nucléotides à l'interface minéral-eau et réactivité des acides aminés en conditions hydrothermales dans le contexte des origines de la vie." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN067/document.
Full textThe discovery of traces of primitive life, such as fossils and biosignatures, suggests that life may have appeared some 4.3 to 3.7 billion years ago. This emergence resulted from a chemical evolution with steps leading from simple organic molecules to the first single-celled organisms.This thesis tests the hypothesis of a hydrothermal origin of life. In such geochemical settings, pressure, temperature and pH gradients, mineral surfaces diversity and abundant chemical energy would have favored the accumulation and complexification of organic matter. This work focuses on the concentration of nucleotides and the polymerization of amino acids, which are the building blocks of genetic material and proteins, respectively.The first part of this thesis presents a large study of the interactions between nucleotides in aqueous solutions and phyllosilicates under controlled conditions of temperature, pH and salinity. The second part describes an in situ study of the effects of hydrothermal conditions and mineral surfaces in the polymerization of non-activated amino acids.This work suggests that sheet minerals, and especially swelling clays, increase the local concentration of nucleotides by three orders of magnitude and exhibit an adsorption behavior that is very dependent on the physical and chemical conditions of the environment. Moreover, this work confirms that the polymerization of amino acids in aqueous solutions is sensitive to temperature and it also underlines that pressure and mineral surfaces have a major role on the reactivity of these molecules. Hydrothermal environments thus favor the concentration, preservation and complexification of organic matter. These are crucial steps for the emergence of the properties of life in the chemical evolution
Guldemann, Joan. "Evaluation du potentiel de sensibilisation de produits chimiques en fonction de leur réactivité." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAF052.
Full textContact dermatitis is one of the most common health problems and is highly prevalent in industrialized countries. Currently, only the total eviction of the allergen can prevent further allergic reactions. Since several years, different tests have been developed to determine the sensitization potential of a large number of compounds. Some of them are based on animal models. However, the cosmetic legislation now bans this kind of tests. In this context, the development of integrated strategies based on in silico, in chemico and on in vitro assays seems to be necessary. The aim of this PhD work is to compare reactivity data from in chemico tests realized at the laboratory, with biological data obtained from in vitro tests concerning the activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway in THP-1 and MoDCs dendritic cells (INSERM UMR-996). The reactivity of 10 compounds known for their implication in allergic contact dermatitis has been studied to show if a correlation exists between the potential of sensitization of allergens and the oxidative stress inducing dendritic cells maturation
Chardon, Aurelien. "Acides boriniques et hydrosilanes : de la spécificité vers la réactivité." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC255.
Full textBoron based Lewis acid such as borane, boronic and borinic acids, has recently emerged as a strong alternative to transition metal catalysts for catalysis. During Tharwat Mody El Dine thesis, a range of original borinic acids have been synthetized. These catalysts have been used to investigate catalytic peptides synthesis and amines formylation. This thesis work with aimed the association between borinic acids and hydrosilanes for organic synthesis. In the first part a borinic acid catalyzed amides reductions have been developed, our methodology work in mild conditions and displayed high chemoselectivities. In a second chapter, we will study the activity of borinic acids for the reduction of phosphine oxides, sulfoxides and amine N-oxide. After a study on the formation of previously observed amine-borane, a borinic acid mediated ketones, aldehydes and imines hydrosilylation have been demonstrated in the third chapter. In the fourth chapter a cooperative borinic acid-hydrosilane mediated amide bond formation has been developed, the mild conditions and the absence of racemization appear as the keys elements of this methodology. Finally, RMN and DFT instruments have been used to understand the relationship between structure and reactivity of borinic acids.All this study confirms the potential of borinic acids as efficient metal-free catalysts in many organic transformations.Mots clés : catalyse, acide borinique, hydrosilane, réduction, amides
Manginot, Eric. "Synthèse et réactivité de l'azayldiure de phosphonium et de lithium." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20139.
Full textBenouargha, Amina. "Nouvelles méthodologies en synthèse peptidique : N-protection des aminoacides par trifluoroacétylation : réactifs de couplage supportés sur polymères/ par Amina Benouargha." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20216.
Full textHuck, Jacques. "Synthèse et étude de la réactivité des N-tert-butyloxycarbonyl N-Carboxyanhydrides issus de ß-aminoacides. Synthèse de ß2-aminoacides originaux." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20083.
Full textLi, Chun. "Synthèse de nouveaux acides aminés et stéroides par la click chimie." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010DENS0024.
Full textClick Chemistry has proven to be a powerful tool in chemistry and biomedical research. Of the several click chemistry reactions that are available to us, the union of azides and acetylenes to give triazoles deserves our special recognition. In order to discover novel functional molecules, our goal is to synthesize some derivatives of amino acid and steroid hormone via click chemistry for biological applications. [I] Crosslinking amino acids are natural metabolism products, its synthesis and structure modifications are very important. In this work, a series of novel crosslinking amino acids were designed and synthesized. Especiaily, the benzothiacliazoyl bis-amino acid 62 has been tested as fluorescent sensor and showed selectivity for Hg(II) in water solution. [2] Fluorescent labelling of biomolecules is a powerful method to investigate various biological events at molecular level. The click chemistry has been used for fluorescent labeling of alkyne- or azide-functionalized proteins or for profiling enzyme activities. Triazoyl amino acid and peptides have also been reported. However, to the best of our knowledge, synthesis of fluorescent amino acids with click chemistry has never been reported. We have successfully used natural amino acids as starting materials to obtain their fluorescent derivatives and realized their basic photophysical characterisation. Several of these molecules were found to be suitable for biological applications, especially the benzothiadiazole and coumarin derivatives 90-93 and 99. [3] Introduction of a methyl group at a certain position of steroids may significantly change their bioactivities. We have synthesized a number of 3- and 7- methyl substituted steroids by using a highly stereoselective 1,6-conjugate addition reaction. Furthermore, we have synthesized new glucoconjugates of α-methyl steroid hormones by click chemistry. All the synthesized compounds were assayed in vitro to characterize their biological profiles, and interesting results were obtained
Terrier, Nadège. "Réactivité de métabolites d'acides carboxyliques (acylglucuronides, acyl CoA) avec les UDP-glucuronosyltransférases : étude mécanistique et implications pharmacologiques." Nancy 1, 2000. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2000_0327_TERRIER.pdf.
Full textBianco, Angelica. "Formation photoinduite du radical hydroxyle dans la phase aqueuse du nuage : impact sur les acides carboxyliques et les acides aminés." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22746/document.
Full textClouds represent a multiphase complex and reactive medium in which gases, liquid particles and aerosols are in continuous interaction. A large fraction of atmospheric chemical compounds present in the particulate and gaseous phases can be transferred to the cloud droplets where can undergo chemical, photochemical and microbiological transformations. Cloud waters were sampled at the puy de Dôme station. The first part of my PhD work is focused on the photoreactivity of cloud water. Formation of a reactive species such as hydroxyl radical, by direct photolysis of inorganic sources was investigated, as well as the correlation between the concentration of sources and the hydroxyl radical formation rate. The spectroscopic proprieties and fate of tartronic acid, were investigated under cloud water conditions. Moreover, photochemical experiments were performed using continuous irradiation (direct and hydroxyl radical mediated photolysis) and nanosecond flash photolysis in order to assess the reactivity of this compound in cloud aqueous phase. The second part of my work is centered on the characterization of organic matter in clouds. Two studies are presented: i) Detection and quantification of tryptophan by fluorescence spectroscopy and the assessment of its reactivity; ii) detection and quantification of amino acids. Amino acids are detected for the first time in cloud water using a derivatization method and this work show that they represent the 9% of the dissolved organic matter in cloud. Their reactivity with hydroxyl radical was compared to the reactivity of carboxylic acids and dissolved organic matter. These results clearly demonstrate that amino acids represent a major sink of hydroxyl radicals in cloud water
Zeggaf, Choukri. "Nouvelles applications du chloroformiate d'isopropényle dans la chimie des amino acides." Montpellier 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON20059.
Full textDespeyroux, Pierre. "Réactivité des amines et des dérivés organométalliques en série 3-déshydroquinique : Modélisation d'activités 3-déshydroquinate hydrolyase." Toulouse 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990TOU30048.
Full textAdjanohoun, Edwige. "Diénaminocarboxylates : cycloadditions thermiques." Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR2B003.
Full textViret, Joëlle. "Contribution à l'étude des α-hydrazinoacides et des hydrazinopeptides." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066593.
Full textLopes, Irène. "Adsorption de molécules biologiques sur des surfaces oxydées : acides aminés sur des oxydes minéraux." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066621.
Full textLohmann, Sophie. "Mise au point de bibliothèques combinatoires dynamiques pour l'application à des cibles biologiques." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13064.
Full textDynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) is a new concept in which libraries are created from building blocks linked together by reversible connections. The reversibility confers on the system the properties of adaptation and evolution, thus enabling Darwinian-type selection. We were interested initially in the reversibility of covalent bonds such as imines, hydrazones, acylhydrazones and oximes. In order to determine their suitability for future use in the generation of dynamic combinatorial libraries, we studied the ability of these compounds to form and exchange in aqueous media. 1H NMR spectroscopy experiments revealed that in aqueous solution, only acylhydrazones form stable reversible covalent bonds and undergo rapid interchange at room temperature and pH=7. Additionally, we have shown the importance of the aldehyde structure on the rate of acylhydrazone exchange. We synthesised various organisation units and recognition groups and also generated two dynamic combinatorial libraries using acylhydrazone covalent bonds. Tested on biological targets, such as catechol-O-methyltransferase and thrombin, these libraries enabled the identification of a compounds having an affinity with these enzymes. These results confirm that acylhydrazones are suitable for generating dynamic combinatorial libraries. The principles of DCC were also applied to create dynamic biopolymers based on proteins and derived from amino acids. Dynamic polypeptide-like oligomers were attained in aqueous solution whose reversible auto-polymerisation could be controlled by pH. Polymerisation and exchange properties were studied using different analytical techniques (1H NMR, ES-MS, MALDI-MS, Multidetection-GPC) to follow the evolution of the system and to characterise the species formed in situ
Millet, Maud. "Mécanismes de corrosion haute température d’aciers par des acides naphténiques." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066579.
Full textIn a context of fossil fuel reserves decreasing, the share of non-conventional crude oil in prospecting grows. Refine these crudes brings reliability issues and extra-cost because of the combined presence of sulfur species and naphthenic acids, which can induce substantial corrosion in refining units. Under certain circumstances, the iron sulfur layer formed on steel can play the role of passive film by having an inhibitive effect on naphthenic acid corrosion. Our study focused on the interaction between naphthenic acids and a pre-formed iron sulfide layer on carbon steel. At TAN 4 mg KOH/g and 260°C, this layer is locally damaged by blistering and flaking, then, with a longer exposition time to naphthenic acid, the complete detachment of the layer occurs. The factors of localization of the attack were studied and it revealed the influence of defects initially present on the surface of carbon steel on the quality of the sulfide layer formed and its susceptibility to corrosion. The carbon (and pearlitic) content of steel seems to have an impact without having a dominating effect on the corrosion rate. A second part of the work focused on the identification – by ToF-SIMS – of corrosion products, which had never been isolated because of their solubility in oil. Iron naphthenates, Fe(AN)x with x = 3, 4 or 5, were detected on steel and pyrite (FeS2) after being exposed to two different pure naphthenic acids. Finally, in agreement with the results obtained, a blistering mechanism caused by accumulation of corrosion products at the metal/iron sulfide interface is proposed
Rahal, Gaspar Virginie. "Étude de la réactivité photochimique de photosensibilisateurs avec les acides aminés et les protéines en vue d'applications pour la thérapie photodynamique anticancéreuse." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2431/.
Full textFirst pterins, endogenous UVA -photosensitizers, are heterocyclic organic compounds. They are mainly enzymatic cofactor and are involved in key biological responses such as melanin biosynthesis. They are found at abnormally high levels in certain diseases such as vitiligo. The role of pterins in this disease remains to be determined. In this context, we studied the photosensitisation of the tryptophan (Trp) by pterin under UV-A irradiation. The results obtained by UV-Visible spectroscopy, high performance liquid chromatography and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) revealed that trp may be oxidized via two different pathways i) photo-induced electron transfer leading to the formation of a radical cation tryptophan and the radical anion pterin ii) the production of singlet oxygen. This reactivity of pterins with amino acids may contribute to skin depigmentation process in vitiligo. In a second part, we have studied amino acids photosensitisation by ruthenium (II). Due to their versatile photoredox properties, these compounds can react with biological targets by different photochemical mechanisms. In our work we have demonstrated by flash photolysis and EPR Investigations, the involvement of an electron transfer between the ruthenium complex trisbipyrazine ([Ru(Bpz)3]2+) in the excited state and trp leading to the formation of the mono reduced complex and radical cation trp. Mass spectrometry analysis of this reaction revealed the formation of photo-adducts between [Ru(Bpz)3]2+ and Trp free or in the tripeptide Gly-Trp-Glu and allow us to propose some structures. All of these results led us to focus our research into the synthesis of new ruthenium complexes able to selectively inhibit DNA polymerases via a photo-induced electron transfer. In cells, these enzymes play a key role in cell proliferation. The development of such photo-activable inhibitors would be an asset for the photodynamic therapy. For this purpose we have decided to conjugate a high photo-ozidizing ruthenium complex with oligonucleotides selectively recognized DNA polymerase. The synthesis of such complex is still under development
Ortiz-Lara, Juan-Carlos. "Application de nouvelles réactions en chimie radicalaire." Paris 11, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA112017.
Full textDuring this thesis, we have been interested with the development of three novel synthetic approaches based on the chemistry of the xanthate group. We have firstly optimised a new method allowing the synthesis of α-amino acids, taking advantage of the radical chemistry of the xanthate group. This allows an easily accessible and efficient approach to functionalised α-amino acids. In addition, radical adducts can undergo later transformations for the synthesis of L-pipecolic acids. The major advantage of this approach is that the reactions do not require the use of heavy metals. We have subsequently exploited the sigmatropic rearrangement of (S)-propargyl, xanthates for the synthesis of optically pure propionic esters. This transformation presents an alternative method for the inversion of configuration. Among the advantages of this approach are the very mild reaction conditions which allow a good compatability with various functionalities, straightforward experimental protocol and the low cost of the starting materials. Finally, the last study involved the development of the synthesis of polymers on soluble support. These polymers are easily and efficiently prepared by a living radical polymerisation using the xanthate group. Their application overcomes the difficulties encountered with insoluble polymers in solid support chemistry due to the non-saturation of the homogeneous medium. One of the most important characteristics of such polymers is that they facilitate the ability to follow the reactions as there is no need to remove the target molecule from the polymer
Garnir, Kevin. "Des acides aminés aux protéines :Etudes en présence de complexes photo réactifs de ruthénium (II)." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/222275.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Kabli, Hassan. "Contribution à l'étude de certains complexes du cuivre (II) avec des dipeptides." Dijon, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989DIJOS004.
Full textKhallouk, Mustapha. "Etude des phénomènes d'échange chimique et de diffusion dans des solutions aqueuses d'acides aminés par résonance magnétique nucléaire." Paris, Institut national d'agronomie de Paris Grignon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INAP0023.
Full textFrérot, Eric. "Sels d'halogénophosphonium : réactifs pour le couplage des acides aminés N-méthylés et de l'acide alpha-aminoisobutyrique." Montpellier 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON20172.
Full textCollange, Edmond. "Quelques aspects physico-chimiques des iodothyronines : ionisation, complexation, réduction électrochimique, analyse chromatographique en phase gazeuse." Dijon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986DIJOS061.
Full textGuenoun, Farhate. "Synthèse d'analogues protégés de la chlamydocine." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20186.
Full textKister, Jérémy. "Vers la synthèse totale du (-)-triptolide : Etude de la réactivité du trichlorométhyltriméthylsilane." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2008/KISTER_Jeremy_2008.pdf.
Full textNatural product total synthesis is an important field in organic chemistry. This science enables humanity to reach ever more complex molecular architectures. The major part of this manuscript deals with the work accomplished toward the synthesis of (-)-triptolide. This molecule exhibits some interesting anti-tumoral activities potentially applicable in the fight against cancer. In order to verify the feasibility of our synthetic approach we have first carried out a model study. The positive results obtained with the epoxide as initiator moiety, prompt us to investigate the cationic cascade cyclisation with the fully functionalized acyclic precursor. After several unfruitful attempts, the desired substrate has finally been obtained. Unfortunately, since we were running out of time, a complete investigation of the key cyclisation step could not be achieved. The discovery of new methodologies is important in order to allow the access of new synthetic tools. In this context, a new method for the preparation of 2,2,2-trichlorométhylcarbinols triméthylsilane has been developed. The preliminary results concerning the asymmetric version of this reaction are presented. Finally, a new method for the formation of primary amines has been studied
Konnert, Laure. "Préparation par mécanochimie de dérivés d'acides aminés et d'hydantoïnes." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS279.
Full textThe development of environmentally-friendly chemistry has to go through the search for solutions concerning the use of organic solvents. Such solvents are often toxic and volatile, and create, especially in the case of halogenated solvents, environmental damage. The primary objective of this project is to develop alternatives to the use in synthetic chemistry of toxic and volatile organic solvents. Specifically, the goal is to develop methods of chemical transformations that can greatly reduce the use of solvent or replace them with alternative solvents. The development of these methods by mechanochemistry enabled to achieve this goal. Several methodologies have been developed and applied to the protection of amino acids and the synthesis of bioactive molecules such as hydantoins, including the preparation of pharmaceutical compounds such as phenytoin and ethotoin, two drugs prescribed against epilepsy
Wouters, Sophie. "Synthèses de substrats suicides de l'ACC oxydase par réactions de cyclopropanation des didéhydroaminoacides." Aix-Marseille 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX30046.
Full textGastaldi, Stéphane. "Les radicaux sulfonyle en synthèse organique : application à la synthèse de l'acide kai͏̈nique." Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX30091.
Full textPlasson, Raphaël. "Origine moléculaire de la vie : étude de la polymérisation des N-carboxyanhydrides d'acides [alpha]-aminés dans des conditions prébiotiques par électrophorèse capillaire." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20186.
Full textSelambarom, Jimmy. "Cycloadduits 1,3-N,X précurseurs de vecteurs de principe actif : mécanisme de cyclisation, effet anomère, élaboration de synthons polymérisables." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20016.
Full textMiao, Xiaowei. "Ruthenium-catalyzed olefin metathesis of plant oil derivatives." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1S224.
Full textAvec la fin programmée de l'ère fossile, la recherche de sources de carbone renouvelables est un domaine de recherche intense. Parmi les sources renouvelables, les huiles végétales ont suscité beaucoup d'attention. La métathèse d'oléfine est un outil puissant en synthèse, et elle s'est avérée être une méthode de choix pour la transformation des dérivés d'huiles végétales. La métathèse croisée d'esters gras insaturés, dérivés des huiles végétales, avec des oléfines fonctionnalisées telles que des composés acryliques, a le potentiel de produire des composés bifonctionnels. Dans cette thèse, nous avons montré que la métathèse croisée des dérivés d'acides gras avec l'acrylonitrile, catalysée par les catalyseurs de ruthénium donne accès à des composés azotés divers avec des rendements élevés. L'addition lente de catalyseur a offert des TONs (turnover) élevés. Nous avons montré que le résidu de catalyseur de métathèse peut être employé comme catalyseur efficace d'hydrogénation
Marloie, Gaël. "Des précurseurs organiques à la chiralité : simulations de processus élémentaires en environnement primitif." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066353.
Full textGallouj, Hassan. "Détermination et validation de champs de forces par la méthode de fonctionnelle de densité (DFT) pour des résidus amino acides aromatiques." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-145.pdf.
Full textPrévost, Sylvain. "Etude physico-chimique de nouveaux tensioactifs fonctionnalisés complexants au comportement démixant thermoréversible : application à l'extraction de l'uranyle." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006VERS0039.
Full textNew thermosensitive functionalized surfactants with metal-chelating properties have been developed and their physical-chemistry studied. They associate a polyethoxylated nonionic surfactant (CiEj) block and a amino-acid residue as a chelating group. Functionalization preserves both properties of the thermosensitive surfactant moiety and the chelating group, a diamide closed to uranyl ionophore. The complexing group participates to the polar head group of the surfactant, increasing the area per molecule. As a result, functionalized surfactants form spherical micelles when diluted in water, and the concentrated part of their phase diagrams exhibits structures having higher curvatures than the nonionic precursor CiEj. The structure of the uranyl - diamide complex has been elucidated by NMR and ESI-MS and is of the type UO2(NO3)2. L; the associated complexation constant, which is very low, has been evaluated by 1H NMR. A nitrate salt, LiNO3, is added at high concentration to improve complexation. The effect of this salt has been analyzed, and was found to be rather similar to the effect on classical CiEj. When uranyl nitrate complexation occurs, the cloud point decreases dramatically, together with the reduction of the area per head group at micelle / solution interface. This effect can be minimized by using a nonionic precursor having a larger polar head group. The functionalized surfactants have been tested in the cloud point extraction of uranyl nitrate, and have proved their efficiency. Those results demonstrate the viability of the functionalized surfactants design, with a covalent link between a thermosensitive surfactant block and a chelating group
Pugnière, Martine. "Protéases sur complexes alumine-phosphate : immobilisations : activités en milieu non-aqueux : utilisations en chimie et technologie des acides alpha-aminés." Montpellier 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON20268.
Full textAudran, Gérard. "Réactivité d'allysilanes isocycliques avec des électrophiles acétyléniques actives : synthèse énantiospécifique de la (+)-(2R,6R)-trans-γ-irone." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX30046.
Full textFlandin, Michel. "Nouvelle approche de synthèse de }b-lactames disubstitué̄s en position 3." Montpellier 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON20253.
Full textMa, Xin. "Synthèse de mimétiques de gamma-"turns"." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20029.
Full textLabéguère, Frédéric. "Synthèse de nouveaux synthons glycosyl-α-aminoacides et de glycopeptides dérivés." Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20188.
Full textMarat, Xavier. "Synthèses asymétriques et réarrangements anionotropiques de dérivés d'acides carboxyliques ou phosphoniques β-cétoniques α, α'-disubstitués." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20072.
Full textMercey, Guillaume. "Nouvelles synthèses et applications de β [béta]-aminothiols." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN2055.
Full textThe first part of this work deals with a new method to synthesize primary béta-aminothiols from easily accessible starting materials, an aminoalcohol and a dithioester. A large series of compounds was prepared by this way in good overall yields. This methodology was then extended to secondary béta-aminothiols. Two routes have been employed, depending on the starting aminoalcohol. The N-methyl cysteamine and the prolinethiol were synthesized from the corresponding secondary aminoalcohols via a thiazolidine. The second method starts from primary aminoalcohols. The key intermediate is a thiazolinium salt of which substituents on the heterocycle and on the nitrogen atom can be easily modified, affording various aminothiols. In a second part, the previously prepared 2-aminothiols were used to synthesize heterocyclic compounds. New 2H-thiazolines were obtained by reacting aminothiols with ethyl orthoformate. The N-alkylation of these thiazolines led to the corresponding thiazolinium salts. Finally, starting from 2-benzyl-2-amino-ethanedisulfides, a new family of 3-aminothiochromans was prepared. The reaction involved in this transformation is a new example of a direct introduction of a sulfanyl group on the benzene ring via an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In the particular case of an N-allyl derivative, a thiomorpholine was obtained (instead the expected thiochroman) via an intramolecular hydrothiolation of the allylic double bond