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Academic literature on the topic 'Acides biliaires – Métabolisme'
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Journal articles on the topic "Acides biliaires – Métabolisme"
Jacquemin, E. "Cholestases intrahépatiques fîbrogènes familiales et anomalies héréditaires du métabolisme hépatocytaire des acides biliaires." Archives de Pédiatrie 5, no. 1 (January 1998): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0929-693x(97)83467-7.
Full textLambert, G., and CJ Sinal. "Régulation du métabolisme du cholestérol et des acides biliaires par les récepteurs nucléaires LXR et FXR." médecine/sciences 16, no. 12 (2000): 1456. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/10608/1609.
Full textKhallou, J., M. Riottot, V. Legrand-Defretin, C. Verneau, and C. Lutton. "Variations du métabolisme du cholestérol et des acides biliaires chez le hamster sous l'influence d'un amylomaïs autoclavé." Reproduction Nutrition Développement 30, no. 1 (1990): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rnd:19900113.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Acides biliaires – Métabolisme"
Claudel, Thierry. "Rôle du récepteur nucléaire FXR dans le métabolisme lipidique." Lille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LIL2P005.
Full textRiottot, Michel. "Métabolisme des acides biliaires chez le rat : influence de la flore microbienne du tractus digestif et des glucides alimentaires." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112243.
Full textThis study was undertaken in germ-free and conventional rats which were fed semi synthetic diets to investigate the effects of intestinal microflora and those of dietary carbohydrate on bile acid intestinal contents. Relationships between these contents and the parameters derived from three processes involved in bile acids enterohepatic circulation (biosynthesis, intestinal transit and intestinal absorption) were established. The amount of bile acids in the small intestine and in the hindgut were generally two or three times lower in conventional than in germ-free rats. Fecal excretion of bile acids was increased in conventional compared to germ-free rats and bile acid composition was modified by microflora. Bile acid intestinal contents were strongly changed by sucrose, lactose, maize starches, wheat bran or apple pectin. Pools of the small intestine ranged from 40 to 120 micromoles/100 g of body weight in germ-free rats and from 22 to 90 micromoles/100 g in conventional rats. Similar variations were found in the hindgut. Pools were modified by the composition of carbohydrates, by the mode of sterilization and presentation of the diet, by the presence of microflora. To explain these results, the effects of intestinal microflora and carbohydrates on bile acid biosynthesis, intestinal transit and intestinal absorption were studied. No relationship was found between bile acid pool and fecal excretion of bile acid (biosynthesis). Lt is suggested that biosynthesis has little action on the variation of bile acid pool. Bile acid intestinal transit time, slightly modified by diets, was strongly decreased by the microflora. Relationships between bile acid pools and intestinal transit times were found. Lt is suggested that intestinal transit plays an important part on these variations. Bile acid intestinal absorption, slightly modified by microflora, was strongly increased by carbohydrates. Relationships between bile acid pools and absorption were found. Lt is suggested that intestinal absorption has an action on the variation of pools. Microflora and diets strongly modify two physiological processes involved in bile acid dynamic: bile acid intestinal absorption and intestinal transit. They probably modify intestinal before hepatic processes
Duboc, Henri-Gérard. "Dysbiose et métabolisme des acides biliaires : implications au cours du syndrome de l’intestin irritable." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066218.
Full textThe irritable bowel syndrome associates chronic abdominal pain and altered bowel transit. This is a common digestive disorder, which in its pathophysiology include the concept of dysbiosis, i. E disruption of the intestinal microbiota (overall micro organisms in a gut). Dysbiosis implies alterations of the host-microbiota dialogue leading to disease, a mainly descriptive concept to date. Bile acids are synthesized by the liver and metabolized by bacteria then reabsorbed from the intestine - so potentially involved in this dialogue. Other pathophysiological axes include motor, permeability, and intestinal secretion, and theses are functions also regulated by bile acids, through the membrane receptor TGR5. This work presents and discusses, through two scientific publications, the links between irritable bowel syndrome, dysbiosis, and TGR5 receptor
Genet, Cédric. "Identification et développement de triterpènes comme agonistes TGR5 : étude de leurs effets sur le métabolisme." Strasbourg, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010STRA6295.
Full textMitochondrial dysfunction, a hallmark feature in the early stage of metabolic diseases, is currently not targeted by the available therapies with preferentially focus on the consequence of the diseases. Nevertheless, an early discovered G coupled protein receptor named TGR5 was shown to lead to an increase in mitochondrial activity. This effect reveals TGR5 as an interesting target to prevent the early onset of metabolic diseases. To further explore TGR5 potential, our principal challenge was to identify more potent and more selective TGR5 agonists than the already known bile acids which act on other nuclear receptors. To this end we used a TGR5 activity assay to screen a plant library. Among the plant extracts tested, was have been able to isolated two active principles from the triterpene family, the oleanolic acid and the corosolic acid. In vivo, oleanolic acid showed antihyperglycemic activity, improved glucose tolerance and decrease weight gain. Furthermore, oleanolic acid enhanced mitochondrial activity in vitro. An SAR study based on natural triterpenes has led us to the discovery of betulinic acid used in hemi-synthesis and affords the synthesis of RG 239, a more potent TGR5 agonist which induce mitochondrial activity in a TGR5 dependant manner. Unfortunately, RG 239 was not active in vivo, probably because of poor bioavailability. Although, these results confirm TGR5 as therapeutical target, we have found that triterpenes were not drugable molecules. Indeed, triterpenes are hydrophobic molecules and the degree of liberty of their chemical function for structural modification is very low. That is the reason why we have decided to screen two databases of commercial products, Zinc and Asinex with a scaffold hoping method in order to find new TGR5 agonist family. The selected molecules by this approach are under investigation
Courillon, Florence. "Aspects particuliers du métabolisme des acides biliaires au cours de la vie fœtale et des atteintes peroxysomiales." Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOUR3810.
Full textThomas, Charles. "Impact du cholestérol sur le cycle entérohépatique des acides biliaires : conséquences pour l'homéostasie lipidique." Dijon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DIJOS016.
Full textHypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. Understanding of mechanisms ensuring the maintenance of body cholesterol homeostasis is crucial, since it can allow the development of new hypocholesterolemiant therapies. Bile Acids (BA) are end-products of cholesterol metabolism. These molecules, produced in the liver, participate to fat digestion and absorption in the intestine. Moreover, BA represent the main pathway of body cholesterol removal. The results presented in this thesis show that genes encoding intestinal, hepatic and renal BA transporters are coordinately regulated. This mechanism ensures efficient BA elimination through faecal and urinary route, and thus contributes to explain the resistance of mice to diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. The transcription factors SREBP-2 and HNF-1, and the nuclear receptor PPAR, play a key role in this adaptative process since they allow cholesterol-dependent regulation of several key BA transporters, particularly ASBT in the ileum and the kidney, and L-FABP in the liver
Lapillonne, Alexandre. "Étude du métabolisme des acides gras polyinsaturés chez l'enfant." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO1T006.
Full textFavé, Gaëlle. "Stratégies d'amélioration de la biodisponibilité des acides gras : approches physico-chimiques et enzymatiques." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00689483.
Full textMagnier, Benjamin. "Rôle du récepteur nucléaire Liver Receptor Homolog-1 (LRH-1) dans l’homéostasie du cholestérol et des acides biliaires." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2007/MAGNIER_Benjamin_2007.pdf.
Full textThe goal of this work was to evaluate the in vivo role of the nuclear receptor Liver receptor homolog 1 (LRH-1) in the control of cholesterol and bile acid homeostasis. To this end, a mouse model in which the LRH-1 gene is specifically deleted in the hepatocytes was generated. These mice show a massive reduction of CYP8B1 and fail to produce cholic acid. In addition, we also show that the profound remodeling of the BA composition reduces significantly the efficacy of intestinal absorption of lipids and re-uptake of BAs and facilitates the removal of lipids from the body. Our studies hence unequivocally demonstrate a pivotal role for LRH-1 in determining the composition of BAs, which, in turn, has major consequences on the whole body lipid homeostasis. The second step of this work was to study the impact of the absence of LRH-1 on the hepatic transcriptome. The preliminary outcome of this study is suggestive for a predominant role of LRH-1 in both lipid metabolism and immune defense
Combettes, Laurent. "Effet des acides biliaires sur le métabolisme du calcium cellulaire : nouvelle hypothèse pour le déclenchement d’une cholestase d’origine hépatocytaire." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112171.
Full textThe effects of different bile acids on cell ca² ⁺ were examined in suspensions of isolated rat hepatocytes. The bile acids taurolithocholate and lithocholate, which markedly inhibit bile secretion, increase the concentration of cytosolic ca² ⁺ from 150 to 700 nM within 20 sec and stimulate the efflux of ca² ⁺ from the cells. The effect is dose-dependent (half-maximal effect at 16-18 ). It is independent of the extracellular ca² ⁺ and results from a rapid mobilization of ca² ⁺ from an intracellular store (0. 8 tc 1 nmol/mg proteins). This store is the same as that permeabilized by the Inositol-(1,4,5)-triphosphate dependent hormone, vasopressin. However, unlike the hormone, taureli thocholate and lithochelate do not stimulate Inositol-(1,4,5)-triphosphate CIP3l synthesis. In saponintreated hepatocytes, taurolithocholate and lithocholate induce a substantial release of ca2+ (within 20 sec with a half-maximal effect at 16-18 ),from an ATP-dependent, non mitochondrial pool, which is sensitive to IP3, likely the endoplasmic reticulum. This effect is not mediated by an action on the ca² ⁺-Mg² ⁺-ATPase or on the IP3 receptors and results from a permeabilization process. The action of the bile acids is specifie for the endoplasmic reticulum as demonstrated by the fact that the bile acids have no permeabilizing effects on mitochondria and cell plama membranes and on artificial phosphatidylcholine vesicles. In contrast, the trihydroxylated bile acids taurocholate and chelate, which stimulate bile secretion, do not alter cell ca² ⁺, These results suggest that taurolithocholate and lithocholate permeabilize directly and specifically the membrane of endoplasmic reticulum to ca² ⁺. This permeabilization might be a key signal in the inhibition of bile secretion
Books on the topic "Acides biliaires – Métabolisme"
(Editor), T. C. Northfield, P. Zentler-Munro (Editor), and R. Jazwari (Editor), eds. Bile Acids in Health and Disease: Update on Cholesterol Gallstones and Bile Acid Diarrhoea. Springer, 1988.
Find full textRiadh, Jazrawi, Northfield Tim, and Zentler-Munro Patrick, eds. Bile acids in health and disease: Update on cholesterol gallstones and bile acid diarrhoea. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1988.
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