Academic literature on the topic 'Acoustic highlight'
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Journal articles on the topic "Acoustic highlight"
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Lin, Wei, Li Jie Liu, and Yu Xu. "Simulation of Underwater Target Echo Based on Highlight Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 536-537 (April 2014): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.536-537.39.
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This paper describes that at high frequencies the reflection signal from an underwater target can be seen as the sum of an individual echo from certain equivalent scattering centers as such an underwater target can be characterized by highlights distributed within a spatial target structure. By analyzing the highlight structure of an underwater target echo, the synthesized echo signal can be simulated. In this paper, a submarine model is selected to analyze the echo characteristic of submarine based on highlight model. The simulation experiment results show that the model is a very reasonable two-dimensional acoustic representation of a submarine. The results also indicate that the highlight model can be applied to acoustic countermeasure system, which has an important application value.
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Cooke, K., R. Kieser, and R. D. Stanley. "Acoustic observation and assessment of fish in high-relief habitats." ICES Journal of Marine Science 60, no. 3 (January 1, 2003): 658–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1054-3139(03)00052-3.
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Abstract Acoustics present an alternative sampling strategy in areas characterized by steep slopes and rugged terrain where fishing is impractical. However, when the interference between echoes from fish targets and boundaries is severe, acoustic observations require careful interpretation of the echo returns. This article outlines a method of generating a representative 3D model of the bottom topography that can assist in near-boundary fish discrimination. Images provide greater insight to echo source and highlight some of the difficulties associated with classifying acoustic sign. The results emphasize the importance of good survey design aimed at minimizing side-lobe interference and reducing acoustic-shadow zones.
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Olaoye, Kayode, Omolabake Okon-Akan, Olaoluwa Adegoke, and A. O. Bobadoye. "Correlation among Physico-Acoustic Properties of Boscia angustifolia and Albizia adianthifolia Wood." Forest Products Journal 70, no. 4 (November 1, 2020): 396–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.13073/fpj-d-20-00033.
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Abstract Underutilization of some wood species can be largely attributed to a dearth of scientific information. Therefore, identifying the acoustic characteristics of lesser used wood species such as Boscia angustifolia and Albizia adianthifolia wood is expected to encourage their use in acoustic applications. Thus, studying their acoustic properties and the relationship among these properties will help reveal their use potential for acoustic purposes and also highlight possible predictor variable(s) for other acoustic parameters in wood acoustics. This study aimed at measuring the acoustic properties of B. angustifolia and A. adianthifolia wood and investigating the correlation among these properties. Three trees of each species were felled, and a total of 270 wood samples of 20 by 20 by 300 mm3 were collected. The samples were conditioned before acoustic measurement. The longitudinal free vibration method was adopted to measure the acoustic properties. Some of the mean acoustic results obtained for B. angustifolia and A. adianthifolia wood were 835.89 Hz, 3,657.51 m/s, 0.008, 13.59 GPa, 935.39 m4 kg−1 s−1, and 807.78 Hz, 3,542.66 m/s, 0.009, 12.65 GPa, 731.75 m4 kg−1 s−1, respectively, for fundamental sound frequency (FF), velocity of sound (V), damping factor (tan δ), specific dynamic modulus of elasticity (Es), and acoustic conversion efficiency (ACE). The correlation of FF with tan δ was negatively significant (−0.59), while it was positively significant with Es and ACE (0.99 and 0.74). This study found the two wood species suitable for making frame boards only and highlights sound frequency and velocity of sound as the major predicting acoustic variables for measuring good acoustic wood.
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Baudoin, M., and J. L. Thomas. "Acoustic Tweezers for Particle and Fluid Micromanipulation." Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 52, no. 1 (January 5, 2020): 205–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-010719-060154.
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Acoustic tweezers powerfully enable the contactless collective or selective manipulation of microscopic objects. Trapping is achieved without pretagging, with forces several orders of magnitude larger than optical tweezers at the same input power, limiting spurious heating and enabling damage-free displacement and orientation of biological samples. In addition, the availability of acoustical coherent sources from kilo- to gigahertz frequencies enables the manipulation of a wide spectrum of particle sizes. After an introduction of the key physical concepts behind fluid and particle manipulation with acoustic radiation pressure and acoustic streaming, we highlight the emergence of specific wave fields, called acoustical vortices, as a means to manipulate particles selectively and in three dimensions with one-sided tweezers. These acoustic vortices can also be used to generate hydrodynamic vortices whose topology is controlled by the topology of the wave. We conclude with an outlook on the field's future directions.
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Nguyen Hong Duc, Paul, Dorian Cazau, Paul R. White, Odile Gérard, Joël Detcheverry, Frank Urtizberea, and Olivier Adam. "Use of Ecoacoustics to Characterize the Marine Acoustic Environment off the North Atlantic French Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon Archipelago." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 2 (February 9, 2021): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9020177.
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Visual observations of the marine biodiversity can be difficult in specific areas for different reasons, including weather conditions or a lack of observers. In such conditions, passive acoustics represents a potential alternative approach. The objective of this work is to demonstrate how information about marine biodiversity can be obtained via detailed analysis of the underwater acoustic environment. This paper presents the first analysis of the Saint-Pierre-and-Miquelon (SPM) archipelago underwater acoustic environment. In order to have a better knowledge about the marine biodiversity of SPM, acoustic recordings were sampled at different time periods to highlight seasonal variations over several years. To extract information from these acoustic recordings, standard soundscape and ecoacoustic analysis workflow was used to compute acoustic metrics such as power spectral density, third-octave levels, acoustic complexity index, and sound pressure levels. The SPM marine acoustic environment can be divided into three main sound source classes: biophony, anthrophony, and geophony. Several cetacean species were encountered in the audio recordings including sperm whales (which were detected by visual observations and strandings of 3 males in 2014), humpback, and blue whales.
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Sá, Karina, Raquel Rossatto Rocha, and Bárbara Fengler. "Concert hall: acoustic design comparing analytical results and ray tracing." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 3 (August 1, 2021): 3538–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2445.
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With the intention of designing architecture for music and inspired by music, the J.C. Martins Concert Hall was created with 1008 seats and an approximate volume of 49400 ft³. Among all the architectural aspects considered, such as strategic location analyzed from the mass plan, study of volumetries, acoustics is the highlight due to its importance and complexity of the project. The Concert Hall is the object of the present study, the purpose of the article is to compare the simulated results in the EASE software with the analytical results of the reverberation time calculated by the Sabine and Eyering equations for the Concert Hall. Acoustic parameters such as reverberation time, clarity, among others, were simulated to verify the acoustic quality of the room in question. With that, it was possible to analyze and discuss the limitations of the analytical method and the simulations. Even so, the results were satisfactory to reach the adequated indexes of the acoustic parameters.
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Kolesnik, Kirill, Mingxin Xu, Peter V. S. Lee, Vijay Rajagopal, and David J. Collins. "Unconventional acoustic approaches for localized and designed micromanipulation." Lab on a Chip 21, no. 15 (2021): 2837–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1lc00378j.
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Zhou, Hanyun, S. H. Huang, and Wei Li. "Parametric Acoustic Array and Its Application in Underwater Acoustic Engineering." Sensors 20, no. 7 (April 10, 2020): 2148. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20072148.
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As a sound transmitting device based on the nonlinear acoustic theory, parametric acoustic array (PAA) is able to generate high directivity and low frequency broadband signals with a small aperture transducer. Due to its predominant technical advantages, PAA has been widely used in a variety of application scenarios of underwater acoustic engineering, such as sub-bottom profile measurement, underwater acoustic communication, and detection of buried targets. In this review paper, we examine some of the important advances in the PAA since it was first proposed by Westervelt in 1963. These advances include theoretical modelling for the PAA, signal processing methods, design considerations and implementation issues, and applications of the PAA in underwater acoustic engineering. Moreover, we highlight some technical challenges which impede further development of the PAA, and correspondingly give a glimpse on its possible extension in the future. This article provides a comprehensive overview of some important works of the PAA and serves as a quick tutorial reference to readers who are interested to further explore and extend this technology, and bring this technology to other application areas.
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Wollman, Indiana, Pablo Arias, Jean-Julien Aucouturier, and Benjamin Morillon. "Neural entrainment to music is sensitive to melodic spectral complexity." Journal of Neurophysiology 123, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 1063–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00758.2018.
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During auditory perception, neural oscillations are known to entrain to acoustic dynamics but their role in the processing of auditory information remains unclear. As a complex temporal structure that can be parameterized acoustically, music is particularly suited to address this issue. In a combined behavioral and EEG experiment in human participants, we investigated the relative contribution of temporal (acoustic dynamics) and nontemporal (melodic spectral complexity) dimensions of stimulation on neural entrainment, a stimulus-brain coupling phenomenon operationally defined here as the temporal coherence between acoustical and neural dynamics. We first highlight that low-frequency neural oscillations robustly entrain to complex acoustic temporal modulations, which underscores the fine-grained nature of this coupling mechanism. We also reveal that enhancing melodic spectral complexity, in terms of pitch, harmony, and pitch variation, increases neural entrainment. Importantly, this manipulation enhances activity in the theta (5 Hz) range, a frequency-selective effect independent of the note rate of the melodies, which may reflect internal temporal constraints of the neural processes involved. Moreover, while both emotional arousal ratings and neural entrainment were positively modulated by spectral complexity, no direct relationship between arousal and neural entrainment was observed. Overall, these results indicate that neural entrainment to music is sensitive to the spectral content of auditory information and indexes an auditory level of processing that should be distinguished from higher-order emotional processing stages. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Low-frequency (<10 Hz) cortical neural oscillations are known to entrain to acoustic dynamics, the so-called neural entrainment phenomenon, but their functional implication in the processing of auditory information remains unclear. In a behavioral and EEG experiment capitalizing on parameterized musical textures, we disentangle the contribution of stimulus dynamics, melodic spectral complexity, and emotional judgments on neural entrainment and highlight their respective spatial and spectral neural signature.
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Yahiaoui, M., J. Y. Paris, and Jean Denape. "Correlation between Acoustic Emission Signals and Friction Behavior under Different Sliding Configurations and Materials Pairs." Key Engineering Materials 640 (March 2015): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.640.21.
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This work focuses on the acoustic emission signals related to three different tribological systems: a rotary sliding contact between WC-Co pins against alumina flat counterfaces, a fretting contact between alumina pins against alumina flat counterfaces and a reciprocating sliding flat on flat contact between thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) and a steel counterface. This document relates dependences observed between tribological behaviors and variations of acoustic emission signals. Therefore, a third body approach is used to explain these correlations and to highlight the aspect of nature and associated energy of acoustic emission sources.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Acoustic highlight"
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Elbergui, Ayda. "Amélioration des techniques de reconnaissance automatique de mines marines par analyse de l'écho à partir d'images sonar haute résolution." Thesis, Brest, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BRES0042/document.
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La classification des cibles sous-marines est principalement basée sur l'analyse de l'ombre acoustique. La nouvelle génération des sonars d'imagerie fournit une description plus précise de la rétrodiffusion de l'onde acoustique par les cibles. Par conséquent, la combinaison de l'analyse de l'ombre et de l'écho est une voie prometteuse pour améliorer la classification automatique des cibles. Quelques systèmes performants de classification automatique des cibles s'appuient sur un modèle pour faire l'apprentissage au lieu d'utiliser uniquement des réponses expérimentales ou simulées de cibles pour entraîner le classificateur. Avec une approche basée modèle, un bon niveau de performance en classification peut être obtenu si la modélisation de la réponse acoustique de la cible est suffisamment précise. La mise en œuvre de la méthode de classification a nécessité de modéliser avec précision la réponse acoustique des cibles. Le résultat de cette modélisation est un simulateur d'images sonar (SIS). Comme les sonars d'imagerie fonctionnent à haute et très haute fréquence le modèle est basé sur le lancer de rayons acoustiques. Plusieurs phénomènes sont pris en compte pour augmenter le réalisme de la réponse acoustique (les effets des trajets multiples, l'interaction avec le fond marin, la diffraction, etc.). La première phase du classificateur utilise une approche basée sur un modèle. L'information utile dans la signature acoustique de la cible est nommée « A-scan ». Dans la pratique, l'A-scan de la cible détectée est comparé à un ensemble d'A-scans générés par SIS dans les mêmes conditions opérationnelles. Ces gabarits (A-scans) sont créés en modélisant des objets manufacturés de formes simples et complexes (mines ou non mines). Cette phase intègre un module de filtrage adapté pour permettre un résultat de classification plus souple capable de fournir un degré d'appartenance en fonction du maximum de corrélation obtenu. Avec cette approche, l'ensemble d'apprentissage peut être enrichi afin d'améliorer la classification lorsque les classes sont fortement corrélées. Si la différence entre les coefficients de corrélation de l'ensemble de classes les plus probables n'est pas suffisante, le résultat est considéré ambigu. Une deuxième phase est proposée afin de distinguer ces classes en ajoutant de nouveaux descripteurs et/ou en ajoutant davantage d'A-scans dans la base d'apprentissage et ce, dans de nouvelles configurations proches des configurations ambiguës. Ce processus de classification est principalement évalué sur des données simulées et sur un jeu limité de données réelles. L'utilisation de l'A-scan a permis d'atteindre des bonnes performances de classification en mono-vue et a amélioré le résultat de classification pour certaines ambiguïtés récurrentes avec des méthodes basées uniquement sur l'analyse d'ombreUnderwater target classification is mainly based on the analysis of the acoustic shadows. The new generation of imaging sonar provides a more accurate description of the acoustic wave scattered by the targets. Therefore, combining the analysis of shadows and echoes is a promising way to improve automated target classification. Some reliable schemes for automated target classification rely on model based learning instead of only using experimental samples of target acoustic response to train the classifier. With this approach, a good performance level in classification can be obtained if the modeling of the target acoustic response is accurate enough. The implementation of the classification method first consists in precisely modeling the acoustic response of the targets. The result of the modeling process is a simulator called SIS (Sonar Image Simulator). As imaging sonars operate at high or very high frequency the core of the model is based on acoustical ray-tracing. Several phenomena have been considered to increase the realism of the acoustic response (multi-path propagation, interaction with the surrounding seabed, edge diffraction, etc.). The first step of the classifier consists of a model-based approach. The classification method uses the highlight information of the acoustic signature of the target called « A-scan ». This method consists in comparing the A-scan of the detected target with a set of simulated A-scans generated by SIS in the same operational conditions. To train the classifier, a Template base (A-scans) is created by modeling manmade objects of simple and complex shapes (Mine Like Objects or not). It is based on matched filtering in order to allow more flexible result by introducing a degree of match related to the maximum of correlation coefficient. With this approach the training set can be extended increasingly to improve classification when classes are strongly correlated. If the difference between the correlation coefficients of the most likely classes is not sufficient the result is considered ambiguous. A second stage is proposed in order to discriminate these classes by adding new features and/or extending the initial training data set by including more A-scans in new configurations derived from the ambiguous ones. This classification process is mainly assessed on simulated side scan sonar data but also on a limited data set of real data. The use of A-scans have achieved good classification performances in a mono-view configuration and can improve the result of classification for some remaining confusions using methods only based on shadow analysis
Books on the topic "Acoustic highlight"
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Rentz, David. Guide to the Katydids of Australia. CSIRO Publishing, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643100183.
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Katydids are among the most commonly seen Australian insects. They range in size from about 5 mm to well over 90 mm and occur in many habitats all over Australia. Katydids are masters of deception, imitating twigs, bark, leaves and stems, as well as other insects. A few are brightly coloured and are distasteful to predators. They continue to be research subjects in many university curricula, where students study their behaviour, acoustical physiology and ecology.
A Guide to the Katydids of Australia explores this diverse group of insects from the family Tettigoniidae, which comprises more than 1000 species in Australia, including Norfolk and Lord Howe islands. It highlights their relationships to plants, humans and the environment, and includes colour photographs of many species.
2011 Whitley Award Commendation for Field Guide.
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Estanove, Laurence, Adrian Grafe, Andrew McKeown, and Claire Hélie, eds. 21st-Century Dylan. Bloomsbury Publishing Inc, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781501363726.
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Bob Dylan has constantly reinvented the persona known as “Bob Dylan,” renewing the performance possibilities inherent in his songs, from acoustic folk, to electric rock and a late, hybrid style which even hints at so-called world music and Latin American tones. Then in 2016, his achievements outside of performance – as a songwriter – were acknowledged when he was awarded the Nobel Literature Prize. Dylan has never ceased to broaden the range of his creative identity, taking in painting, film, acting and prose writing, as well as advertising and even own-brand commercial production. The book highlights how Dylan has brought his persona(e) to different art forms and cultural arenas, and how they in turn have also created these personae. This volume consists of multidisciplinary essays written by cultural historians, musicologists, literary academics and film experts, including contributions by critics Christopher Ricks and Nina Goss. Together, the essays reveal Dylan’s continuing artistic development and self-fashioning, as well as the making of a certain legitimized Dylan through critical and public recognition in the new millennium. This volume seeks to reflect the range of Bob Dylan’s multiple activities, the ‘late style’ of his creativity and his personae in all their later variety, from the Time Out of Mind album (1997) up to the release in March 2020 of ‘Murder Most Foul’. Bob Dylan (born 1941) is perhaps best-known as a singer and songwriter whose major impact occurred several decades ago. His achievements as a songwriter and master of language were – provocatively? – acknowledged when he was awarded the 2016 Nobel Literature Prize. However, Dylan has never ceased to broaden the range of his creative identity, especially through intermediality, taking in painting, film, acting, radio-presenting and prose writing, as well as advertising and even own-brand commercial production, either reinforcing or calling into question his perceived authenticity. The book highlights how Dylan has brought his persona(e) to different art forms and cultural arenas, and how they in turn have also created these personae. Chronicles, Volume One, his autobiography, charts his beginnings as a folk singer and the later recording of the Oh Mercy album. In terms of his identity as a visual artist, while Dylan’s Revisionist Art exhibition focused on his reworkings of magazine covers, the Brazil Series paintings show him extending his visual creativity to cultural spaces beyond the United States. Dylan has constantly reinvented the persona known as ‘Bob Dylan’.
Book chapters on the topic "Acoustic highlight"
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Rose-Munro, Leanne. "Innovative Learning Environments, Are They Inclusive? Why Evaluating the Speaking, and Acoustic Potential of the Space Matters." In Teacher Transition into Innovative Learning Environments, 151–65. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7497-9_13.
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AbstractInnovative learning spaces are a platform primarily designed to support the activity of speaking, listening and learning. However, evidence suggests that nearly 10% of students attending mainstream schools in their local communities have hearing difficulties. This study explores the acoustic potential of innovative learning spaces (ILE’s), and the impact of design affordances in terms of supporting the inclusion of students with hearing difficulties. The study highlights the importance of an acoustic platform that enables opportunity for all to participate in speaking and listening activity. In addition, the importance of student agency, the power to act and contribute to decision-making regarding the use and application of environmental affordances to enable student opportunity, inclusion and successful learning.
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Chiu, Ching-Sang, James H. Miller, Warren W. Denner, and James F. Lynch. "Forward Modeling of the Barents Sea Tomography Vertical Line Array Data and Inversion Highlights." In Full Field Inversion Methods in Ocean and Seismo-Acoustics, 237–42. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8476-0_38.
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Morris, Gareth, Mark Browne, Kirsti Murahidy, and Mike Jacka. "Christchurch Town Hall Complex: Post-Earthquake Ground Improvement, Structural Repair, and Seismic Retrofit." In Case Studies on Conservation and Seismic Strengthening/Retrofitting of Existing Structures, 145–72. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/cs002.145.
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<p>The Christchurch Town Hall (CTH) complex contains six reinforced concrete buildings constructed circa 1970 in Christchurch, New Zealand (NZ). The complex is used for performing arts and entertainment, with an Auditorium that is internationally recognized for its acoustics. It is listed as a Grade-1 heritage building due to its cultural and historical significance. Unfortunately, the CTH foundation system was not originally designed to accommodate liquefaction-induced differential settlement and lateral spreading effects, as highlighted by the 2010–2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence. Although the most extreme ground motions exceeded the NZS 1170.5 code-defined 1/2500 year earthquake loads, the CTH structures performed remarkably well for a design that pre-dated modern seismic codes. Most of the observed structural damage was a result of the differential ground deformations, rather than in response to inertial forces. The post-earthquake observations and signs of distress are presented herein. The primary focus of this paper is to describe two major features of the seismic retrofit project (initiated in 2013) which were required to upgrade the CTH complex to meet 100% of current NZS 1170.5 seismic loadings. Firstly, the upgrade required extensive ground improvement and a new reinforce concrete mat slab to mitigate the impacts future ground deformations. Soil stabilization was provided by a cellular arrangement of jet-grout columns, a relatively new technique to NZ at the time. The new mat slab (typically 600-900 mm) was constructed over the stabilized soils. Secondly, upgrading the superstructure had many constraints that were overcome via a performance-based design approach, using non-linear time-history analysis. Recognizing the heritage significance, the superstructure “resurrection” as a modern building was hidden within the original skin minimized disruption of heritage fabric. Retrofit solutions were targeted, which also minimized the overall works. The 2015–2019 construction phase is briefly discussed within, including jet-grout procedures and sequencing considerations.</p>
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Yoon, Yeonyee E., and L. Samuel Wann. "Stress Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging." In Ellestad's Stress Testing, edited by Gregory S. Thomas, L. Samuel Wann, and Myrvin H. Ellestad, 335–43. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190225483.003.0017.
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The chapter Stress Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging reviews how cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has become a gold standard for evaluating stress induced wall motion abnormalities based on regional endocardial excursion and myocardial thickening. The high spatial and temporal resolution of CMR without limitations imposed by body habitus and acoustic windows allows outstanding visualization of myocardial function. CMR can also be combined with vasodilator stress to perform dynamic first-pass myocardial perfusion imaging. The addition of late gadolinium enhancement allows the accurate of nonviable scar tissue in combination with wall motion and myocardial perfusion assessment. Case studies highlight the opportunity provided by stress CMR.
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Sharma, Nonita, Krishna Pal Sharma, and Rajneesh Rani. "A Review of Recent Issues and Challenges of Fault Management Techniques in Underwater Wireless Sensor Network." In Energy-Efficient Underwater Wireless Communications and Networking, 101–19. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3640-7.ch007.
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Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) are deployed to conduct cooperative surveillance and data gathering tasks in an acoustic region. Different nodes and ground-based stations use these networks interactively. UWSNs are currently facing problems and difficulties related to restricted bandwidth, substantial delay in propagation, 3D topology, control of media access, routing, use of resources, fault management, and energy limitations. The research community has given various methodologies over the past few decades to address these problems and challenges; however, owing to varying attributes of the underwater environment, some of them are still open to research. In this chapter, a survey of fault management techniques in UWSN regarding types of faults and their classification, environmental factors influencing the identification of faults, fault detection schemes, issues, and future directions is performed. This chapter outlines available fault management techniques and their pros and cons for further advancement in underwater sensor networks to highlight new research trends.
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Krishnan, Padmanabhan. "A Multiphysics Based Finite Element Approach to Evaluate the Reliability of IC Packages." In Advances in Computer and Electrical Engineering, 71–102. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-9479-8.ch002.
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The aim of this book chapter is to generate 3D models of different Thin Dual or Quad Leadless Moulded IC packages and conduct multiphysics based finite element analyses to evaluate the static reliability of IC packages. The performance analyses using die shear, thermal experiments and finite element analysis were conceived and conducted to evaluate the reliability of these packages. Reliability plays a major role at every stage in the manufacturing, testing and use of integrated circuit packages. The coupled influence of operating voltages and joule heating on the mechanical reliability of ICs is discussed here. Die shear tests were conducted on the ICs and the shear strength compared with the values obtained from the finite element results. Thermal tests were carried out on the ICs that were later inspected under a Scanning Acoustic Microscope (SAM) for delaminations arising from hygrothermal stresses. Finally the results of the electro-hygrothermo-mechanical analyses were analyzed and presented at the maximum operating temperature (MOT) that highlight the overall static reliability of the ICs with acceptable factors of safety. The main objective of this investigation is the construction of the failure envelopes through determination of the maximum operating temperatures and test temperatures of the ICs that aid in the evaluation of the overall static reliability of the ICs.
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Sasongko, Sigit. "Risk of Acoustic Trauma Associated With Artillery Weapon Gunners." In Highlights on Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 2, 92–98. Book Publisher International (a part of SCIENCEDOMAIN International), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bpi/hmms/v2/9615d.
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“Nora” Entekhabi, Mozhgan. "Inverse Scattering Source Problems." In Advances in Complex Analysis and Applications. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92023.
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The purpose of this chapter is to discuss some of the highlights of the mathematical theory of direct and inverse scattering and inverse source scattering problem for acoustic, elastic and electromagnetic waves. We also briefly explain the uniqueness of the external source for acoustic, elastic and electromagnetic waves equation. However, we must first issue a caveat to the reader. We will also present the recent results for inverse source problems. The resents results including a logarithmic estimate consists of two parts: the Lipschitz part data discrepancy and the high frequency tail of the source function. In general, it is known that due to the existence of non-radiation source, there is no uniqueness for the inverse source problems at a fixed frequency.
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Davison, Claire. "European Peace in Pieces?" In Virginia Woolf, Europe, and Peace, 17–32. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781949979350.003.0002.
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The “Scrapbook Series” was a popular, long-running BBC broadcast launched in the late 1920s; conceived as a ‘microphone medley’ or ‘sonic pageant’, it revisited the acoustic highlights since the advent of recording technology. This remarkable audio documentary provides the starting-point for this Chapter, which explores essential links between cooperative broadcasting policies, Woolf’s heightened acoustic sensibility in the 1930s, and the era’s awareness of itself as being, for the first time in history, dimensioned by reiterable sound. Retracing the evolution of the European Broadcasting Union via sound archives, wave-length legislation, and primetime BBC programmes, the chapter charts the richest, most overlooked experiments in cultural diplomacy on air, designing a safer, more harmonious Europe which linked common listeners at home via the boldly trans-European resonance of music.
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Kreuzer, Gundula. "Flat Bayreuth: A Genealogy of Opera as Screened." In Screen Genealogies. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463729000_ch09.
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Gundula Kreuzer challenges common assumptions about the ‘screenification’ of contemporary opera productions by reconsidering historical screening techniques within staged opera. Beginning with the Baroque picture-frame stage, she highlights how a desire for visual illusion on stage came into conflict with the increasingly complicated array of equipment, scenery, and props required to produce such elaborate scenes. Retracing strategies tested out at Wagner’s Festspielhaus at Bayreuth, she argues that the theatre’s curtain line came to imply an invisible screen with the capacity to organize the various media on the deep stage into a unified whole, a perception fostered by the visual and acoustic environment of the auditorium. Rather than a part of the telos of modernist painting, she highlights this flattened planar format as the outcome of technical and aesthetic conflict, whose legacy proves highly relevant to contemporary experiments with operatic staging.
Conference papers on the topic "Acoustic highlight"
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Ramanujachar, K. "Extracting Acoustic Signatures of Solder Bump Defects Using Wavelet Power Spectra and Their Classification Using Normalized Cross-Correlation." In ISTFA 2004. ASM International, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2004p0088.
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Abstract In a previous contribution we highlighted the potential use of spectral analysis of acoustic signals reflected from solder bumps as a means to identify anomalies in the bump. With numerous interfaces in contemporary solder bump geometries, time domain interpretation of acoustic signals is not straightforward. Frequency domain analysis is hence another route to utilizing information contained about defects in acoustic signals emanating from suspect bumps. In this contribution we highlight the use of Wavelet transforms and power spectra in analyzing acoustic signals and demonstrate with a few examples how the transform may be used to obtain unique finger prints of anomalies. We also discuss how cross correlation technqiues may be used to classify a fingerprint once a comprehensive library of finger prints is empirically constructed.
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Farhat, Charbel, Radek Tezaur, and Rabia Djellouli. "An Iterative Method for the Solution of Three-Dimensional Inverse Acoustic Scattering Problems." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32712.
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We present a computational methodology for retrieving the shape of an impenetrable obstacle from the knowledge of some acoustic far-field patterns. This methodology is based on the well-known regularized Newton algorithm, but distinguishes itself from similar optimization procedures by (a) a frequency-aware multi-stage solution strategy, (b) a computationally efficient usage of the exact sensitivities of the far-field pattern to the specified shape parameters, and (c) a numerically scalable domain decomposition method for the fast solution of three-dimensional direct acoustic scattering problems. We illustrate the salient features and highlight the performance characteristics of the proposed computational methodology with the solution on a parallel processor of various inverse mockup submarine problems.
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Longridge, Jonathan Kent, Johnny Shield, Sarah Finn, and Tom Fulton. "Improved Acoustic Quick-Disconnect Technology for Mooring Operations." In Offshore Technology Conference. OTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31131-ms.
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Objectives/Scope As the offshore oil and gas industry has changed, deep water Mobile Offshore Drilling Units (MODU) are commonly outfitted with dynamic positioning (DP) systems and on-vessel mooring equipment to facilitate drilling operations at ultra-deep and shallow water well locations. However, since many shallow water locations can experience harsh conditions and may require moorings for station-keeping performance, it is beneficial to enable a DP rig to quickly disconnect from its mooring system and avoid hazardous conditions without support vessel assistance. Providing this capability, acoustically releasable subsea mooring connectors allow a rig's mooring lines to be released remotely and almost immediately. Additionally, the ability to disconnect without Anchor Handler Vessel (AHV) assistance for mooring operations and rig transit support offers reduced risk and cost savings. Methods, Procedures, Process A brief review of existing quick-disconnect mooring devices will be presented. It will highlight how the technology has evolved and is being used, particularly in recent years. Successes, problems, and lessons learned from past InterMoor and SRP product development will be summarized and focused attention will be given to a significant number of more recent improvements to increase the product's reliability, availability, serviceability, and robustness. Improvements to ensure reliable long-term battery life and power supply, enhance on-vessel accessibility and user-friendliness for rig personnel, and employ advanced acoustic signal transmission, reception, and device status analytics will be discussed. External modifications to reinforce its robustness during deployment and internal electromechanical changes to facilitate its serviceability will also be described. Results, Observations, Conclusions A substantially lighter and smaller acoustically releasable mooring connector was developed two years ago, tested thereafter, recently deployed on several offshore mooring campaigns, and has now been upgraded to incorporate high-fidelity electronics with the ability to release under tension loads as high as 900 tonnes. As such, this second-generation device's reliability, accessibility, and serviceability are significantly enhanced. Results from offshore deployments from recent MODU and barge mooring operations will be summarized. This technology provides a safer way to quickly disconnect mooring lines and offers cost efficiency by allowing faster rig moves from one location to the next with reduced risk. Novel/Additive Information The paper will cover the work, challenges, trials, and tribulations required to bring a new product to market with cutting edge capabilities. Novel highlights will include the integration of a networked data transmission and communication system, the system's fundamental change from pneumatic to electromechanical actuation, and additional enhancements and improvements that are unique to mooring quick-disconnect devices and at the forefront of subsea technology.
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Jafari, Mohammad, Pietro Borghesani, Puneet Verma, Ashkan Eslaminejad, Zoran Ristovski, and Richard Brown. "Detection of Misfire in a Six-Cylinder Diesel Engine Using Acoustic Emission Signals." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86506.
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This study will focus on the detection of misfire using Acoustic emission sensor in a multi-cylinder diesel engine. Detection of misfire is important since this malfunction can cause the engine to stall in a short time. In order to investigate the misfire, an experimental engine was run with and without injection of the fuel in the first cylinder. The acoustic emission signal was acquired synchronously with the crank angle signal, in order to have a reference for the transformation from time to angular domain. The AE signal was then processed using the squared envelope spectrum to highlight angle-periodic modulations in the signal’s power (cyclic bursts). This study will present the effectiveness of this combination of sensor technology and signal processing to detect misfire in a six-cylinder diesel engine connected to a hydraulic dynamometer.
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Meng, Hsien-Yu, Zhenyu Tang, and Dinesh Manocha. "Point-based Acoustic Scattering for Interactive Sound Propagation via Surface Encoding." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/126.
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We present a novel geometric deep learning method to compute the acoustic scattering properties of geometric objects. Our learning algorithm uses a point cloud representation of objects to compute the scattering properties and integrates them with ray tracing for interactive sound propagation in dynamic scenes. We use discrete Laplacian-based surface encoders and approximate the neighborhood of each point using a shared multi-layer perceptron. We show that our formulation is permutation invariant and present a neural network that computes the scattering function using spherical harmonics. Our approach can handle objects with arbitrary topologies and deforming models, and takes less than 1ms per object on a commodity GPU. We have analyzed the accuracy and perform validation on thousands of unseen 3D objects and highlight the benefits over other point-based geometric deep learning methods. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first real-time learning algorithm that can approximate the acoustic scattering properties of arbitrary objects with high accuracy.
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Weaver, Sophia, Xiaohui Xiao, and Rob Vines. "Real Time Borehole Stability Monitoring and Pre-drill Model Calibration using LWD Sonic — A Case Highlight." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/178400-ms.
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Abstract Borehole instability challenges can account for a significant percentage of non-productive time and associated costs in drilling. This is even more so in deepwater subsea wells due to high development costs coupled with the subsurface complexities associated with turbidite reservoirs. Pre-drill borehole stability studies in this field case were performed by evaluating offset well history and geophysical log data and calibrating these against direct well measurements and drilling experiences, with the objective of recommending the appropriate mud weight. However, the validation of the pre-drill borehole stability model derived from sonic data taken in the only offset well in the field was deemed necessary for effective borehole stability monitoring in this case. Additionally, the inability to run wireline in a highly deviated well fuelled the need for acoustic data acquisition using logging-while-drilling (LWD). Sonic data was acquired by LWD (a first in the field) and this aided mud weight optimization to successfully drill the well to TD without any borehole stability problems. This paper describes the application of this solution to managing well delivery uncertainties in a deepwater field and highlights the process, results and lessons from the event to aid future applications.
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Ginsberg, J. H. "The Surface Variational Principle: A Different Perspective for Structural Acoustic Modeling." In ASME 1997 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc97/vib-3920.
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Abstract This paper surveys the development and application of the surface variational principle (SVP) governing the acoustic interaction between surface pressure and normal velocity. SVP is analogous to the method of assumed modes for vibration analysis, in that it represents the response in terms of a sequence of basis functions that are globally defined. The system equations governing the series coefficients are obtained by requiring that the value of the variational functional be stationary. In the wavenumber-based version of SVP, the pressure and velocity are represented by dual range Fourier series. A brief description of the steps entailed in formulating the SVP equations and coupling them to the equations for an elastic structure is provided. Then the computational requirements of an SVP analysis relative to conventional boundary element and finite element techniques are discussed. This is followed by an example illustrating the convergence properties of SVP. Another example is used to highlight the physical interpretation of the SVP representation of surface response. The evolution of the present version of SVP is surveyed, along with some of its applications. The paper closes with a brief discussion of possible future applications of the method.
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Rich, Bryan C., and Nicholas G. Garafolo. "Numerical Analysis of Fluid Flow Through a Flexible Microstructure Induced by Acoustic Streaming." In ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2015-48500.
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A fundamental understanding of fluid flow through oscillating, compliant structures is lacking; especially in the case of micro structures. An improved model of such dynamic micro flow is sought. A multi-physics, numerical based study is presented herein. Results obtained provide preliminary quantification of these phenomena to compare with future experiments. In particular the perturbations in boundary pressure, integral to future slip-conditions models within a transient oscillatory boundary model, is quantified. The geometric model consisted of flow through a compliant tubular -structure with an oscillating wall. This simple model tested the solvers ability to solve an irregular flow regime with its built-in capabilities and provided insight into the nature of fluid-structure interaction at the investigated scales. Results suggested that traditional constant slip conditions at compliant fluid-structure interfaces are not adequate to capture the physics of the problem, as pressure varies greatly within the test specimen. Success with this venture provided a measure of validation and assurance for a more in-depth study with comparison to a reference. Results of this entire study highlight the need for improved physics-based methods for the determining the slip condition with oscillatory boundaries.
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Daga, Clarice C., Hetty N. C. C. Lobo, José A. P. C. Lobo, and Carlos E. L. Melo. "Acoustical Comfort in Classrooms: Case Study at the University of Brasília." In ASME 2018 Noise Control and Acoustics Division Session presented at INTERNOISE 2018. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ncad2018-6119.
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The acoustic conditions in school spaces are fundamental for the success of the learning process. This article aims to present the results of acoustic comfort by the analytical method of 9 classrooms with different geometric characteristics of the University of Brasília. In classrooms the background noise limits are 40 to 50dBA and considering that the teacher’s voice reaches a certain 65 decibels we can highlight that it can be heard clearly by the students. However in an environment with a lot of reverberation of sounds the teacher will have to exert more effort to be understood. The sound perception in a room depends on the intensity and temporal relationship between the direct sound and the indirect sound reflected by the walls of the room, therefore, in the present study were verified two parameters namely the reverberation time and speech intelligibility. The results obtained were compared with the normative parameters of ANSI S12.60: 2010 and it was verified that all rooms are not suitable for teaching-learning activity. To guarantee an environment with better conditions of concentration and learning for the students, acoustic coverings were suggested in order to fit the normative limits.
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Ribeiro, Estela, and Carlos Eduardo Thomaz. "A multivariate statistical analysis of EEG signals for differentiation of musicians and non-musicians." In XV Encontro Nacional de Inteligência Artificial e Computacional. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/eniac.2018.4442.
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It is possible to reveal whether a subject received musical training through the neural activation patterns induced in response to music listening. We are particularly interested in analyzing the brain data on a global level, considering its activity registered in electroencephalogram electrodes signals. Our experiments results, with 13 musicians and 12 non-musicians who listened the song Hungarian Dance No 5 from Johannes Brahms, have shown that is possible to differentiate musicians and non-musicians with high classification accuracy (88%). Given this multivariate statistical framework, it has also been possible to highlight the most expressive and discriminant changes in the participants brain according to the acoustic features extracted from the audio.