Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Acquisition de la lecture'
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Gagné, Andréanne. "Acquisition de la lecture en langue seconde : profil des stratégies utilisées par les apprentis lecteurs." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79940.
Full textThis particular learning context can lead to inequity between the second language learner and his or her unilingual peers in terms of phonetic encoding and decoding. Furthermore, the limited vocabulary of a beginning language learner can impede the direct lexical access used when learning to read.
Fourteen students were evaluated for their metalinguistical abilities, lexical and phonic knowledge. Following these tests, an analysis was conducted of student reading errors made in a real reading context.
This descriptive study explores the interaction between reading strategies used by second language learners: bottom-up (word comprehension derived from the context of the text) and top-down (text comprehension derived from word recognition). In addition, this study seeks to describe the linguistic and metalinguistic abilities of these second language students in the process of learning to read.
Aghababian, Valérie. "Acquisition de la lecture : aspects developpementaux et neuropsychologiques." Aix-Marseille 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX22029.
Full textCamus, Magalie. "Traitements prosodiques, sensibilité morphosyntaxique et acquisition de la lecture : aspects normaux et pathologiques du développement." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT3015.
Full textThis research deals with morphosyntactic sensitivity. Three experiences with kindergarten children, learning readers and young readers were run. Developmental models of reading acquisition typically describe a contribution of morphosyntactic awareness as a late one. However, our own results suggest that morphosyntactic sensitivity plays a direct and significant role right from the first stages of reading acquisition. Moreover, it appears to be a good predictor of reading acquisition. Further, it turns out that one cause of poor morphosyntactic sensitivity lies in prosodic informations processing. For some children, these informations appear not to be satisfactorily integrated within the language processing system. Moreover, our results suggest that prosodic processing lives on as a preferential language processing mode before reading acquisition takes place
Bourcier, Danielle. "Acquisition des fonctions des déterminants à l'oral et apprentissage précoce de la lecture." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29067.
Full textCoehlo, Gwennaele. "Représentation du mot oral et acquisition de la lecture : développement normal et pathologique." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT3028.
Full textThis study investigates the contribution of phonological representations to phonological processing skills and reading abilities. Its suggests that the relationship between dyslexic's phonological deficits and their reading disabilities should be considered from the perspective of the segmental and suprasegmental organisation of the underlying representations. Four experiments show that phonological representations undergo a lexical restructuration process from kindergarten through elementary grades. Moreover, children with reading and phonological processing difficulties seem to have underspecified phonological representations. A longitudinal predictive study show that complete and specified phonological representations participle to predict phonological processing and reading abilities
Pezzino, Anne-Sophie. "Acquisition de la lecture chez les personnes porteuses du syndrome de Williams." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20033/document.
Full textWilliams syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic disease involving an intellectual developmental disorder (ID). Regarding the neuropsychological level, a consensus around a dissociation profile between relatively preserved oral language and other impaired cognitive abilities is reported in the literature. Despite these specificities, few studies have investigated the learning aspects in this population, and more specifically the reading area. Three explanatory hypotheses are shared by the few reported results regarding the reading acquisition difficulties: intellectual efficiency, metaphonological abilities and, more recently, visuospatial processing. In line with this work, our research attempts, for the first time in France, to better understand the reading difficulties acquisition by people with the WS. Our two objectives were to characterize the reading procedures and to identify the skills involved in the installation of written words identification. Our first two studies present an inventory of the curent research about people with ID and WS. Beyond the level of intellectual efficiency, our observations indicate that these people have reading skills despite the deficits in certain cognitive skills. Our last three articles explain the exploratory results of our two studies, transversal and longitudinal, using standardized tests and matching chronological age, mental age, vocabulary level and reading level. The results demonstrate an involvement of metaphonological and visuospatial skills, respectively, in setting up the sublexical procedure and the orthographic recovery of written words. Finally, we are discussed about therapeutic and remediation treatment that can be appropriate to our study population, but more broadly, to other atypical populations
Ragano, Serge. "L'apprentissage de la lecture : étude de quelques stratégies." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20021.
Full textThis study examines how first grade children learn to read. The two first chapters test the developmental model of acquisition of literacy in oral sentence reading. The results indicate logographic then alphabetic reading, but more or less in the same time which invalidates the developmental stages model. Besides, the huge number of contextual responses observed evokes a larger and a more flexible model. The third research, longitudinal, studies the interaction between formal, phonetic and semantic cues in three different situations with words in various contexts (isolated word, neutral context, congruous context). Analysis of data reveal a complex acquisition with exclusion, domination or interaction of reading cues, depending on children's abilities and the nature of linguistic material. The last experiment explores the influence of various instructional settings (phonics and/or semantics) on the evolution of children's strategies in oral reading. The results tend to suggest the necessity of a complex model of reading acquisition that integrates linguistic, psychological and instructional factors
Devaux, Jean-Michel. "Acquisition de la lecture : du maître à l'élève : représentation des maitres du cycle 2 sur la lecture et pratiques rémédiatives." Nantes, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NANT3011.
Full textColin-Carrere, Anne-Muriel. "Lexique et dysfonctionnements développementaux." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT3033.
Full textThis work is articulated around the concepts of dynamical functioning and interactive processing in language development. More precisely, it seeks to show the part played by the lexicon and its functional characteristics in the emergence of this functioning. Thus, the “at risk” child might be one whose oral language functioning is insufficiently dynamical. A comparative study and a longitudinal approach carried out with "at risk" children try to clarify the role of the lexicon. The results show a real impact of the organization between several language components on the learning of the written language; to intervene on the level of the lexicon can then modify this organization. However, the results clarify other explanatory systems (motricity, implicit learning) and show that an early prediction of the skill to identify words is possible
Ruvoletto, Samantha. "Etude longitudinale des phénomènes de resyllabation chez les enfants français entre compétence phonologique, lecture et orthographe." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080031/document.
Full textEarly word segmentation in French is complicated by three phenomena of re-syllabification: liaison (word1 les [le], ʽthe’ + word2 ours [uʁs], ʽbears’ → les[z]ours [le.zuʁs], ʽthe bears’), elision (word1 le [le], ʽthe’ + ours [uʁs], word2 ʽbear’→ l'ours [luʁs], ʽthe bear’) and enchainement (word1 une [yn], ʽa’ + word2 autruche [ot.ʁyʃ], ʽostrich’ → une autruche [y.not.ʁyʃ], ʽan otrich’). Theses processes of re-syllabification entail children's errors in oral productions such as replacements (le(s)[n]éléphants [le.ne.le.fɑ̃] for les[z]éléphants [le.ze.le.fɑ̃], ʽthe elephants’) and non-realizations (u(n)[Ø]ours [ɛ̃.a.vjɔ̃] for un[n]ours [ɛ̃.nuʁs], ʽa bear’). Even though the re-syllabified sequences of word1+word2 are perceived blended, in writing forms they appear separated by graphic markers, as blanks (les ours, une autruche) or apostrophes (l'ours). In our longitudinal study we evaluate the role of literacy in French word segmentation of re-syllabified sequences comparing the results of oral tasks and writing-reading tasks in the same group of children in three points according to literacy skills. Data analysis shows that oral productions of re-syllabfied sequences are influenced by literacy: the complete acquisition of written lexical forms and the strengthen reading skills help to correctly perform oral productions and phenomena of re-syllabification. We also notice that re-syllabified sequences entail a processing cost in word recognition. The thesis ends with the proposal of a phonological model that explains word boundaries acquisition after 5 years of age considering literacy as an important factor
Ez-Zaher, Ahmed. "Représentations métaphonologiques et apprentissage de la lecture en arabe." Toulouse 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU20028.
Full textThis study was designed to examine the relation between phonological awareness and learning to read arabic. The main hypothesis holds that, unlike other alphabetic languages, syllabic awareness may play important role in learning to read. Some phonological and orthographic characteristics of the arabic language do have an influence both on phonological awareness children, shows clearly that syllabic awareness is strongly related to learning to read in beginning years, both as prerequisite or as a consequence of this learning. Syllabic segmentation appears much useful to establish letter/sound correspondences in the vowelised script. In contrast, phonemic awareness is needed only later in a second stage when children have to process an unvowelised, deep orthography. It was concluded that in the first stage phonemic awareness is not necessary to acquire reading abilities in vowelised arabic orthography and thus teaching methods must rely on syllabic units to introduce children to literacy
Guilliams, Isabelle. "Acquisition et évaluation de la lecture labiale au moyen d'un vidéodisque interactif : Allao : un système, une méthode." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070114.
Full textThe allao system attempts to respond to the difficulties inherent in lip-reading learning by the use of specifically ada technology : the interactive videodisc driven by computer. The allao videodisc consists of 800 speech segments (syllables, words and sentences), uttered by several speakers. They constitute the video data base used to perform various exercices and tests. Specific functions of this technology (fast random access to a frame, replay, slow motion, text overlay) have been used to develop a teaching method complementary to classic methods. The allao system is built on the basis of the following principles : the hearing impaired user performs an action, thus exerting a "power" over the speech of the video interlocuteur : by means of the keyboard, the user may ask to see the sequence again, ask for a slow motion of that sequence, for an audio output, for an illustration of a word, for the written text or others aids to comprehension. The method is both analytical and global, depending on the linguistic category of the speech segments of the chosen exersise, or on the personal teaching approach of the therapist. Linguistic categories are used to respectively stimulat visual decoding (syllables), lexical access (words) and global comprehension (sentences, questions and answers). A stimulating context is proposed to the learner to observe and try to understand real speech. Thus, he may become aware of his comprehension mechanisms and be able to build his own rules to be used in a real communication situation. The results of the experimental stage have validated the above pedagogical principles. Speech therapists who regularly use the allao system observe a noticeable improvement of the deaf person's capability for verbal communication together with a strong motivation. The first goal of the system is to teach lip-reading impaired persons. The system may also be used in related fields : lipreading tests, auditive education and adaptation to the hearing aid
Chaves, Nathalie. "Rôle du traitement visuel simultané dans l'acquisition des connaissances orthographiques lexicales." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00728785.
Full textWillmann, Chantel Shroyer. "Comparison of the effects of programmed instruction versus lecture on knowledge acquisition among post myocardial infarction patients." Virtual Press, 1991. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/834614.
Full textSchool of Nursing
Khelifi, Rachid. "Traitement de l'information latérale au cours de l'apprentissage de la lecture : études comparatives chez l'apprenti lecteur." Thesis, Lille 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL30034.
Full textThis thesis explore in beginning readers processing of lateral information in isolated reading task and eye movement in text reading. In a first serie of experiments, we show that beginning readers are sensitive to the lateral information. This sensitivity depends upon the difficulty of the central word that is under processing, but also upon the nature of the lateral information (linguistic versus non linguistic). Control of the visual attention could be less developped in beginning readers that in expert readers. In a second serie of experiments, our results indicate that increased reading skill goes hand in hand with the ability to extract more information from lateral vision. Differance are also evidenced between beginning readers and expert readers in the way initiation of the lexical processing from lateral information is achieve. In a third serie of experiments, results show that in text reading, beginning readers make shorter saccades, had higher fixation durations and higher refixation probabilities than in older or expert readers. Developmental differences that are evidenced are mainly linked to cognitive processes than oculomotor processes
Fauzar-Farid, Ghislaine. "Apprentissage de la lecture et de l'écriture en arabe chez les enfants marocains : approche psycholinguistique." Paris 7, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA070076.
Full textThe aim of this psycholinguistic study is to evaluate reading strategies used by Moroccan-speaking children in the first year of the primary school. To test the role of phonological information in building up the reading mechanisms, a series of experiments were proposed to one group of children. Data from the silent-reading and semantic categorization tasks shows evidence of "phonological mediation". The results of the reading aloud and spelling tasks show that children use of the orthographic procedure for words and the phonological procedure for pseudowords. This confirms the hypothesis that both "phonological mediation" and orthographic processing are used in the early stage of reading Arabic. The phonological processing permits the establishment of the orthographic lexicon. The development of phonological awareness is a key factor in reading acquisition. Though, our experiments show a close correlation between the results obtained from phonemic and syllabic segmentation and reading tasks. The metaphonological abilities are developed in parallel with reading and spelling acquisition. .
Meyer, Svetlana. "Conception et évaluation d'Evasion, un logiciel éducatif d'entraînement des capacités d'attention visuelle impliquées en lecture." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAS002/document.
Full textLearning to read is a complex activity that relies on different cognitive abilities, including visual attention. The role of visual attention in learning to read is widely documented in the scientific literature but absent from school curricula. In this thesis work, we designed an original educational software, called Evasion, for visual attention training in the classroom and we evaluated its impact on beginning readers' performance.A literature review was first conducted to identify the dimensions of visual attention that are involved in reading and how best to train them. We then propose a conceptual framework which allows us to interpret these results. We conclude that the dimensions to be targeted are the total amount of visual attention resources and attention spatial dispersion. These two facets of attention seem to be particularly well driven by action video games, whose effect on visual attention has also been characterized in our model.To train visual attention resources and dispersion as well as possible within Evasion, we have mixed the tasks known to improve these attentional dimensions with the properties of action video games. Our software includes four training mini-games and an adaptive difficulty algorithm developed by our team to adjust the game properties online to the child needs. The training program was provided in classroom over a period of ten weeks at a rate of three 20-minute sessions a week. It was proposed to a large sample of 730 beggining readers for reading difficulty prevention.The impact of Evasion was assessed before and after training as compared to a control group that used an intervention program conceived to improve oral comprehension in English. The results of this ecological experiment show that visual attention and reading did not improve more following Evasion than control training. Additional analyses revealed that training time was poorly respected while this factor relates to the magnitude of improvement in the attentional dimensions we targeted. The analyses further suggest a problem in the level of difficulty of the mini-games. Overall, our work opens up new perspectives on the improvements to be made to our software and, above all, on the conditions for successful implementation of ecological experiments
Bignon, Matthieu. "Predictors of decoding acquisition in newcomer non-francophone children : a focus on visual-verbal paired associate learning." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDSHS/2024/2024ULILH015.pdf.
Full textThe strategic aim of this research was to lay the foundations for the creation of tools for the early detection of reading difficulties in newcomer non-francophone children (EANA) of primary school age. To this end, we recruited 179 EANA children and 259 French children. The two groups were matched on the duration of attendance at primary school. They completed a series of cognitive and linguistic tests, and parents answered questionnaires on languages spoken and previous schooling. We observed that EANA children's decoding scores were lower than those of French children and showed considerable heterogeneity. Children who had started to learn to read in another language, especially if it was a Latin orthography, obtained higher scores than others. Younger children had lower scores than older children, probably due to greater experience of reading in their first language. Whether the children had attended school before arriving in France and the language family of the languages spoken (other than French) had no effect on word reading skills. Then, we observed that the main cognitive-linguistic predictors (phonological awareness, rapid automatized naming, phonological short-term memory and vocabulary) explained much of the variance in decoding skills among EANA children. In line with previous literature on oral language assessment of second language learners, we stressed the importance of managing the typological distance between first languages and French, as well as the degree of exposure to French. With this in mind, we examined the predictive power of a visual-verbal paired associate learning task (PAL), arguing that it should not be biased by the amount of exposure to French, and that it is possible to create items that are independent of the typological properties of French. Visual-verbal PAL scores were strongly correlated with decoding skills and showed a unique contribution comparable to other cognitive and linguistic predictors in EANA children. In French children, they showed a moderate simple correlation with decoding skills and a low unique contribution. We further investigated the mechanisms that explain the relationship between visual-verbal PAL and decoding skills by conducting a systematic review. Previous literature has shown that the verbal learning mechanisms of visual-verbal PAL are central to its relationship with decoding skills, at least in alphabetic orthographies, and that cross-modal association learning may also be involved, although the results are inconsistent. We tested these components in the French subsample of our first study and showed that verbal learning best explained the relationship between visual-verbal PAL and decoding skills. According to the literature, this relationship may be stronger with the reading of complex words (words with contextual graphemes and irregular words) than with the reading of simple words. We therefore conducted a second study of 186 first-grade children as part of a second data collection but were unable to confirm this hypothesis. This suggests either that there is no causal relationship between visual-verbal PAL and decoding skills, or that verbal learning is important for word and nonword decoding in general, regardless of grapheme complexity or word regularity. Future longitudinal studies controlling for all cognitive-linguistic predictors of decoding skills are needed to determine whether visual-verbal PAL has a causal contribution to decoding skills in French and may represent a sensitive tool for detecting children at risk of reading failure (particularly among EANA children) in combination with other measures
Izard, Amélie. "La lecture du CP au CM2 avec le test de l'alouette : que peut-on dire du niveau des élèves à quarante ans de distance ? : comment se déroule cet apprentissage (continu/discontinu) ?" Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961020.
Full textRativeau, Sylvie. "L'automatisation de la reconnaissance des mots chez l'enfant : perspectives développementales et différentielles." Dijon, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998DIJOL011.
Full textThe aim of this research is to examin word recognition mechanism development in reading acquisition. In an alphabetic langage as french, reading acquisition can be considered as etablishment of three representation systems: graphemic, phonologic and semantic representations. The question is to study the development of these representations and connections between them during reading acquisition. Reading acquistion consist in etablishment of relations between graphemic codes, that children have to learn, and phonologic and semantic codes already installed. The major object of this study concern installation and automation of connections between these three represenations systems in beginning readers and the question of simultaneous character of indirect and direct routes development. Tasks evaluating one or other of these treatments, in children from first to fifth grade, indicate a progressive automation of graphemic codes activation until second grade. Automation of these representations seems to attain an optimal level in third grade. Results show a progressive use of phonological and orthographic routes from beginning of reading learning. Since second grade, children are sensitive to phonological and lexical chararteristics of items. This seems to indicate a early use of direct route to lexical representations
Thelisson, Anne-Sophie. "Intégration post-fusion : une lecture paradoxale comme moyen pour comprendre le processus d'intégration : éclairages par une étude de cas longitudinale in vivo." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0135.
Full textDespite the number of mergers and acquisitions (M&As), their high failure rate calls to continue research by proposing new reading keys. Many studies argue that M&As require new approaches to understand the organizational complexity and dynamism of these operations, and more specifically concerning post-merger integration (PMI) process. This phase is defined as a crucial one because it determines the success or failure of the merger. Our research provides an analysis of the dynamics inherent in the process, and especially during the PMI. This study is based on an integrative logic, considering the multiplicity of dynamics at work to understand how they engender or hinder the success of PMI. We use these dynamics as a means to capture the complexity inherent in the merger process, and as an opportunity to capture the dynamics of PMI. The concept of paradox allows us to make intelligible these inter-related dynamics within a defined temporal framework. Paradoxes provides a framework to decipher the dynamics inherent in organizations. The paradoxical reading allows a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics at work in the merger process. This leads us to ask the following research question: "How does the management of paradoxes benefits post-merger integration? ". The thesis is based on a qualitative methodology of a longitudinal and real-time case study of a 24-month merger, once the operation has been signed. It emerges from the thesis that the evolutionary nature of paradoxes during the post-merger integration, as well as their multiplicity (categories, actors, levels), allows us to understand how these dynamics interfere in the success of the PMI process
Laurent, Angélique. "Les effets du bilinguisme sur le développement métalinguistique : le cas des enfants bilingues français-occitan." Toulouse 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU20028.
Full textThis research deals with the development of linguistic awareness of 8 to 11-year-old children who attended bilingual classes (French and Occitan) since kindergarten compared to French-speaking monolinguals. It aims to determine whether early second language exposure enhances the development of linguistic awareness, especially phonological and syntactic awareness. In order to test these two linguistic components, a review of the literature was made so as to list the tasks allowing to underline such awareness? Our data suggest two tendancies. First of all, concerning the phonological awareness, bilingual children outperformed their monolingual peers from fourth year of primary school. Moreover, with regard to syntactic awareness, the results are less obvious : the "bilingual enhancement effect" doesn't appear for all the linguistic tasks used. These results lead to two perspectives of research, the first one refering to a more elaborate reflexion about syntactic component, the other one standing on the continuity of the results related to the phonological component
Liu, Zheng. "Les lectures de l'étudiant chinois en France dans l'acquisition de la langue française." Paris 8, 2012. http://octaviana.fr/document/167232630#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textOur research, mainly aimed at the Chinese students before their departure for France, is in the purpose of helping them to start the first step and acquiring the elementary knowledge in French learning. On their arrival in France, they are facing considerable challenges in mastering French, for them, to reach a relatively satisfactory language level is considered to be a really difficulty to overcome. The support structures as well as the use by the students in the French cities where locate many universities are to be discussed here. The anxieties to get the diploma, together with the fulfillment of the hope placed by their families are omnipresent. It can explain the priority which has given to the assigned reading. The paper books reading remains the preferred mode of reading, even if internet viewing plays an important part in the reading schedule. These readings, as an addition part in comparison to the assigned scholar reading, will help to meet the personal interest according to the periods of time and situations. The concrete survey was conducted by steps under the great political tension between France and China. This critical period of situation has been monitored for its impact on reading practices. It confirms a difference point of view observed by the third party- in the reading practices and opinions, depending on the period of their stay in France. Empirical research could benefit from reading letters from students to their families. It is also based on the use of a questionnaire distributed to a certain hundred copies. Observations made in Chinese bookstores, at the Chinese embassy in Paris, and during a stay in a university dormitory on living with a dozen of students also contribute a lot to this research. Various proofs also could be found in the impact of the French knowledge upon returning to China and the activity concerning the cultural and literal structure exchange between France and China
Gaguet, Laurent. "Attitudes mentales et planification en intelligence artificielle : modélisation d'un agent rationnel dans un environnement multi-agents." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CLF20023.
Full textMelançon, Danielle. "Utilisation des pictogrammes au niveau de la maternelle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29190.
Full textSauval, Karinne. "Apprentissage de la lecture et phonologie : implication du code phonologique dans la reconnaissance de mots écrits chez l'enfant." Thesis, Lille 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL30045/document.
Full textWe conducted five studies to examine the role of phonological code in visual word recognition in children more or less advanced in learning to read. For that, we used the priming paradigm (in visual, auditory and inter modalities). This paradigm allows to study on-line and in precise manner, phonological and orthographic processes engaged in visual word recognition. The studies 1 and 2 indicate that, in Grade 3 and Grade 5, speech representations are involved in silent reading of pseudowords, in phonetic feature format and in visual familiar word recognition, in phonemic format. The study 3 indicates that phonological code contributes to visual word recognition in stable manner through Grade 3 and Grade 5. Nevertheless, when lexical orthographic representations are not well specified, phonological contribution is greater. The studies 4 and 5, in phonological (O-P+ vs O-P-) and ortho-phonological (O+P+ vs O+P-) visual masked priming, show that familiar visual word recognition involves phonological representations in automatic manner from Grade 3 to Grade 5. In contrast, automatic activation of orthographic representations seems to develop later (Grade 5). These results suggest that when orthographic process is functional but not fully effective (Grade 3), visual word recognition benefits from phonological activation whereas when orthographic process is fully effective (Grade 5), visual word recognition benefits from orthographic activation. That suggests that development of phonological automatic activation and development of orthographic automatic activation are independent. The process of phonological automatic activation is entirely developed earlier than the process of orthographic automatic activation
Messaoud-Galusi, Souhila. "Incidence du développement linguistique et de la lecture sur les stratégies de pondération d'indices acoustiques et la perception catégorielle de la parole." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030167.
Full textThe present study was aimed at evaluating the relations between categorical perception (CP), reading and language acquisition. First, we examined the relationships between categorical perception and reading tasks in 4th grade good and poor readers and children followed longitudinally from kindergarten to 2nd grade. Second, we evaluated cue weighting strategies in dyslexic children, chronological age and reading age matched controls and in adults. The results indicated that CP of place of articulation improves with age and that the evolution is faster for the processing of transitions and vowel-related cues than for friction noise. The evolution of CP is slower for dyslexics but does not depend on reading level in the general population
Couture, Sophie. "Liens entre les pratiques parentales préscolaires en littéracie et la lecture à 8 ans : médiation par le vocabulaire et la connaissance des lettres." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27131.
Full textCe mémoire doctoral s’intéresse aux pratiques parentales en littéracie comme prédicteurs des différences précoces en lecture. Les études antérieures ont rapporté des liens préférentiels entre deux types de pratiques parentales en littéracie, deux habiletés préalables à la lecture et le développement de la lecture au primaire. D’une part, l’enseignement des lettres par le parent, une pratique formelle, contribuait à la connaissance des lettres, laquelle était un prédicteur des habiletés de lecture de l’enfant. D’autre part, la lecture parent-enfant ainsi que l’exposition aux livres, des pratiques informelles, prédisaient le développement langagier de l’enfant, lequel contribuerait plus spécifiquement à la compréhension en lecture. L’hypothèse selon laquelle des processus de médiation sont impliqués a été proposé par plusieurs chercheurs mais, aucun n’avait testé formellement cette hypothèse. De plus, la contribution des pratiques parentales en littéracie était évaluée une seule fois, en maternelle ou au début de la première année du primaire, ce qui ne permettait pas d’identifier l’âge vers lequel il devient pertinent d’introduire l’enfant au monde littéraire. L’objectif du mémoire était donc d’évaluer formellement un modèle de double médiation à l’aide d’analyses acheminatoires tout en considérant l’exposition à la littéracie tout au long de la petite enfance. En accord avec les liens préférentiels suggérés dans la littérature, on a constaté que l’enseignement des lettres par les parents à 4 et 5 ans prédisent indirectement les habiletés en lecture (8 ans; décodage et compréhension en lecture) via leur contribution à la connaissance des lettres (5 ans). Également, le vocabulaire réceptif de l’enfant (5 ans) était un médiateur des contributions de la lecture parent-enfant à 2.5, 4 et 5 ans, à la compréhension en lecture (8 ans). Ce mémoire souligne l’importance d’initier les enfants à la littéracie en bas âge afin de supporter leur acquisition subséquente de la lecture.
This doctoral dissertation focuses on parental literacy practices as predictors of early and long lasting differences in reading achievement. Previous studies have documented preferential associations between two types of parental literacy practices, namely parent-child reading and parental teaching of letters, and pre-reading as well as reading skills without formally evaluating the hypothesis of mediation processes. The main objective of the doctoral dissertation is to formally evaluate this putative dual pathway using path analysis. Our longitudinal research design is unique as we repeatedly evaluated parental literacy practices over early childhood, which can inform us on the appropriateness of different literacy practices from toddlerhood onward. We found that parental teaching of letters at ages 4 and 5 contribute indirectly to reading skills (8 years old; decoding and reading comprehension) through their effect on early letter knowledge (5 years old). Conversely, vocabulary development (5 years old) mediated the influence of parent-child reading at 2½, 4 and 5 years on reading comprehension (8 years old). Results have important implications as to the specific stimulations enhancing each aspect of literacy development and suggest ages around which they begin to influence children’s development.
Rassel, Alicia. "Contribution de la conscience morphologique à l'apprentissage de la lecture : études en milieu défavorisé." Thesis, Lille 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL3H023.
Full textMorphological awareness, defined as the ability to handle morphemes (i.e., the smallest language units of meaning) of the language, is a predictor of reading skills. It maintains strong links with phonological skills and vocabulary, both predictors of reading skills. These two predictors are themselves impacted by the socioeconomic status with them being less developed in children with low socioeconomic status. Moreover, these children also present a delay in the acquisition of reading, which may itself slow down the development of phonological skills and vocabulary, and thus widen the gap observed between the different socioeconomic status. While the influence of the environment on these two predictors has been the subject of several studies, very few of them have evaluated the effect of the socioeconomic status on the morphological awareness. Accordingly, our first study aims to compare the performance in morphological awareness and its contribution in reading skills according to the socioeconomic status (i.e., low vs. middle/high) of children attending school in Grade 2 and 3. The results show that children with low socio-economic status were able to develop their morphological awareness, even if their performance was lower than the one of their peers; their skills in morphological awareness are thus linked to their reading skills. Our second study, through training conducted directly in the classroom, seeks to stimulate the morphological awareness of these children in order to study its influence on their reading skills. The group trained to morphological awareness has better performance in fluency than the control group and the group trained to vocabulary through texts study, as well as better performance in reading comprehension compared to the control group. Overall, these children with learning difficulty in reading acquisition may benefit from training in morphological awareness, opening a window to the world of pedagogy
Cléder, Catherine. "Planification didactique et construction de l'objectif d'une session de travail individualisée : modélisation des connaissances et du raisonnement mis en jeu." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CLF20019.
Full textUgen, Sonja. "Acquisition of reading and spelling skills of German-French biliterate children in Luxembourg." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210480.
Full textAbstract The first two studies differentiate between top-level processes related to semantics (e.g. vocabulary) and bottom level processes implied in literacy (e.g. spelling). The first two studies established that the native language has an impact on reading comprehension as Germanic speaking children have an advantage on German tasks and Romanophone children an advantage on French tasks. By contrast, performances on bottom-level processes such as spelling and reading are not influenced by the native language. Structural equation models revealed that German top-level processes did not influence French top-level processes. Concerning bottom-level processes however, there was an influence from one academic year on the following as well as from German on French.
Abstract The last three studies focused on differences between biliterate GS and PS in German and in French. The third study examined the reading and spelling strategies (e.g. the application of orthographic rules) that both groups of children acquired in German and in French. Although GS outperformed PS, their overall reading and spelling performance patterns were different in German than in French. GS applied orthographic rules more systematically than PS in German. In French, both groups were strongly affected by frequency effects. The word frequency effect appeared clearly in French, showing that after one year of instruction children strongly rely on the orthographic lexicon for spelling and do not apply orthographic rules systematically. Study 4 establishes the link between the recognition and production of orthographic features. PS's performance is similar to GS's on orthographic judgments and for spelling they produce the same type of errors, showing GS and PS are sensitive to the underlying regularities of the orthography. However, PS produced more errors overall compared to GS. It seems that GS passed the level of automatic use of the most prominent response, whereas PS use the dominant responses as default spelling. In the last study, the emphasis was on GS and PS in French after two years of instruction in grade 4. GS and PS were re-classified to new groups according to their spelling performance in French. GS in French used more French specific phoneme-to-grapheme correspondences in a nonword dictation than PS. PS in French used more German phoneme-to-grapheme correspondences in the French and German nonword dictation. It seems that PS in French rely more on the phoneme-grapheme correspondences of the first acquired and thus dominant language (German). In the general discussion, the previously presented results are summarized and a theoretical model of bilingual spelling is proposed.
Doctorat en sciences psychologiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Sarri, Vassiliki. "Apprentissages de la langue écrite chez l'enfant de 5 à 10 ans et ses difficultés." Amiens, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AMIE0023.
Full textOdier-Guedj, Delphine. "Être enfant et dysphasique : quelles places pour le sujet ? : de l'apprentissage de la lecture vers le langage oral par l'inclusion scolaire." Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30048.
Full textTo be a dysphasique child means to be present, but often without voice. Then it is easy to forget this presence of language, to consider that the not understandable word is meaningless, not to recognize the fluctuating changes of the positions of children in interactions. However to see and to hear the dysphasique child as a subject goes through the recognition of his linguistic practices which, even minimal testify of his faculty to be present, in the same moment of the interaction, to use linguistic forms and gestures, witch are not predictible before the situation and the context of statement. In front of stigmatizing speeches on language acquisition witch is seen in a linear way, and in front of scholarship full of difficulties, it seemed urgent to interrogate the supported arguments to predict their analphabetism and show in which points they were opened to criticism. The different cultural practices of the reading, are on the contrary, a privileged way to allow the child to be expected as a pupil if the integration in common class is thought as a mode of full inclusion
Karim, Mohamed. "Contribution à l'étude des acquisitions en lecture-écriture au CE1; enfants issus de l'immigration, et autres variables." Toulouse 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOU20044.
Full textThe prupose of study is to examine the relationship between national origine ane academic results of children at the ce 1 level. Within this guideline, we have compared the children of french origin with foreigners. Other variables such as, the home environment, the father' level of education, the family size, and the retention at scool. We have guided us in examing thein link with national origin. Therefore, we have examined the national origin of children in relation with this variables. Our results show an important relationship between the national origin of children and teir success at scool. This finding is linked to economic cultural and linguistic inegalities that exist for foreign children in comparaison to french children
Rousseau, Amélie. "Une lecture de la relation maître-apprenti à Kaboul : transmission et acquisition des savoirs liés aux arts de la calligraphie et de la peinture miniature." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25992.
Full textCette recherche entend mettre en lumière les modalités de transmission et d'acquisition des savoirs liés aux arts islamiques de la calligraphie et de la peinture miniature. Cette monographie se veut une immersion dans le monde de l'artiste afghan, une rencontre avec son altérité. Elle se focalise plus particulièrement sur la relation maître-apprenti qui se déroule dans les ateliers de l'Institut pour les arts et l'architecture afghans de la Turquoise Mountain, à Kaboul. La relation maître-apprenti, une relation institutionnalisée ancienne et sacrée en Asie, est le point central de cette recherche, à partir duquel s'articuleront toutes nos observations et interprétations. Savoir-être, connu sous le vocable adab, et savoir-faire s'entremêlent durant la formation de l'artiste ; une formation qui vise à former la personne dans sa totalité. La visée de cette recherche ethnographique est donc celle de saisir la nature de la relation maître-apprenti et des processus par lesquels ces savoir-faire et savoir-être se transmettent, s'approprient et s'acquièrent.
This research aims to spotlight the means of knowledge transmission and acquisition related to the Islamic arts of calligraphy and miniature painting. This monograph represents an immersion in the reality of the Afghan artist, an encounter with his/her alterity. It especially focuses on the master-apprentice relationship inside the art workshops of the Turquoise Mountain’s Institute for Afghan Arts and Architecture, in Kabul. The master-apprentice relationship, an ancient and sacred relationship in the East, is the focal point of this research, from which our observations and explanations are drawn. Personal qualities and attributes of good behavior, known as adab, and practical know-how are jointly developed in the training of the apprentice; a training that educates the person in a holistic manner. The intention of this ethnographic research is then to understand the nature of the master-apprentice relationship and the nature of processes through which these different knowledges are transmitted, appropriated and acquired.
Gómez, Vera Gabriela. "Languages as factors of reading achievement in PIRLS assessments." Thesis, Dijon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DIJOL013/document.
Full textThe starting point of this research is the question, may reading acquisition be more or less effective depending on the language in which it is perform? Two categories for classifying the languages have been developed. First the notion of linguistic family is employed to describe the languages from a cultural and historical perspective. Secondly, the notion of orthographic depth is used for differentiating the languages according to the correspondence between orthography and phonetic. These categories have been related to the databases PIRLS 2001 and 2006 (international assessments about reading developed by the IEA), the aim being to connect reading achievement to the language in which students answered the test. However, it is clear that the language is not an isolated factor, but part of a complex structure of determinants of reading. Therefore, factors related to students and schools have also been incorporated to this research. Moreover, the multidimensionality of the reading process has been taken into account by distinguishing in the analysis the different aspects that made the process according to PIRLS: informative reading, literary reading, process comprehension of high and low order. To answer to the questions proposed by this research a hierarchical statistical model (multilevel) was developed, it was able to account for the connection between reading achievement, language and other associated factors. As a result, contextual factors (home and school) were more significant than language. Moreover, determinacy may vary if taking into account educational systems
Guo, Teng. "On the role of statistical learning at the very beginning of learning to read." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0236.
Full textBased on a cognitive approach to the inner structure of writing systems and the existing literature on explicit instruction, statistical learning, and the syllabic bridge theory, we proposed a theoretical framework in which a level of associative units mediates between orthographic and phonological representations. The research presented in this thesis had two overarching aims: first, to examine whether statistical learning, at this level, allows prereaders to extract grapheme-phoneme correspondence (GPC) regularities in letters-to-syllable associative learning, and second, to determine whether phonological representation is influenced by statistical orthographic knowledge generated by associative units. To address the first aim, the research in Experiments 4.1 and 4.2 demonstrates that prereaders’ exposure to a greater variety of GPC regularities embedded in letters-to-syllable associations enhances their phonemic awareness and the generalisation of non-taught syllables. These findings suggest that the potential involvement of SL in learning letter-to-syllable associations might facilitate the acquisition of the alphabetic principle at the very beginning of learning to read. Addressing the second aim, the research in Experiments 5.1 and 5.2 showed that individuals’ responses to a phonological task are influenced by statistical orthographic knowledge, resulting from the interplay between orthography and phonology through associative units. These findings offer insights into early reading acquisition methods, underscoring the importance of tailored explicit instruction and SL in literacy development
Godde, Erika. "De l'automaticité à l'expressivité et à la compréhension en lecture : Évaluation et développement de la prosodie en lecture chez le jeune lecteur A review of reading prosody acquisition and development Échelle Multi-Dimensionnelle de Fluence : nouvel outil d'évaluation de la fluence en lecture prenant en compte la prosodie, étalonné du CE1 à la 5ème Pausing and Breathing while Reading Aloud : Development from 2nd to 7th grade." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALS009.
Full textReading is a crucial learning in primary school. Initially focused on decoding and accuracy during the first years, reading teaching is then based on automaticity and comprehension. Automaticity, often abusively called fluency, is usually assessed by measuring the number of words correctly read in a minute. However this method gives only an assessment of accuracy and automaticity skills, while flluency includes also the abilility to read with apropriate phrasing and expressivity, that means to read with a prosody adapted to the text. Omitting the prosodic dimensions of fluency results in confusion between speed and fluency. Prosodic dimensions of reading have long been neglected in reading studies. Only recently, a few new studies have been interested in reading prosody development in various langages, but not in French. This studies showed a long term development, continuing after primary grades. Moreover several studies also showed a bidirectionnal link between prosodic reading and written comprehension. That’s why the prosodic dimensions of fluency deserve more interest, especially while developping in young readers, to better understand its connection with written comprehension. That is the aim of the present thesis.In our work, we studied the acquisition stages for reading prosody and the link between reading prosody and written comprehension in young readers, from primary to secondary school. For this purpose, we used three complementary assessment methods for reading prosody : a subjective assessment, using a multidimensionnal scale, and two objective assessments : one using acoustic markers and another one, automatic, based on raw speech signal analyses.We recorded 323 children from grade 2 to 7 and 20 adults while reading.Firstly these readings were assessed using a multidimensionnal fluency scale, translated and adapted from English. These scores enabled us to characterize subjectively reading prosody development and to highlight, in French, the link between reading prosody and comprehension, mentionned in various studies.Secondly the readings were analyzed using acoustic markers of prosody. The aim was to determine acquisition stages for pauses and breathing planning while reading. Pauses planification is indeed essential to appropriate phrasing. These data were then used to explore the link between acoustic markers and subjective scoring and have cues of which acoustic markers have an influence on our perception of readings. Then we used the pausing and breathing data to characterize the link between reading prosody and comprehension.Finally we used an automatic scoring tool, based on acoustic markers of prosody and multiple expert standards, to assess longitudinal data from 67 children from grade 2 to 4. Using these data, we built growth model for each dimension of reading fluency and studied the causal link between automaticity, prosody and comprehension.The work presented here, on the development of reading prosody and its link to comprehension in French speaking children, enables us to promote new fluency assessment tools including reading prosody and to consider how to develop training tools. It also gives us new prospect on reading teaching and on identifying and helping children who need reading intervention
Tjus, Tomas. "Language and literacy acquisition in children with developmental and learning disabilities." [Göteborg], Sweden : Dept. of Psychology, Göteborg University, 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/42722084.html.
Full textRoy, Suzanne. "Le rôle des pictogrammes dans le développement de l'autonomie et des premières acquisitions en lecture." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29195.
Full textCarail, Emilie. "Modélisation bayésienne et étude expérimentale du rôle de l'attention visuelle dans l'acquisition des connaissances lexicales orthographiques Modeling the length effect for words in lexical decision : The role of visual attention Lexical orthographic knowledge acquisition in adults : the whole-word visual processing impact Comprendre l’apprentissage orthographique et ses difficultés : apports et critiques des dernières modélisations computationnelles Variety of cognitive profiles in poor readers : Evidence for a VAS-impaired subtype. Incidental learning of novel words in adults : Effects of exposure and visual attention on eye movements The role of attention in visual word recognition : A Bayesian modeling approach From the eye to the page : Where we look when we’re reading." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAS032.
Full textIn this thesis, we study the role of visual attention when an expert reader acquires new orthographic lexical knowledge. Our contribution is twofold. On the one hand, we develop an original computational, probabilistic model of orthographic learning. Our model, named BRAID-Learn, is an extension of BRAID, a hierarchical probabilistic model of visual word recognition and lexical decision. On the other hand, we gather original experimental data on the evolution of eye movements during incidental learning of new orthographic forms and demonstrate the ability of the model to account for these observations. Our contribution is described in three articles.In the first article, we simulate the length effect as experimentally observed for words in lexical decision in the French Lexicon Project. Through 5 simulations, we show that visual attention modulates the length effect and that several attentional fixations during the processing of long words (7 letters or more) reduces the length effect, instead of accentuating it. This study allows us to calibrate the parameters of the lexical decision sub-model of our learning model.The second article focuses on the experimental study of oculomotor behavior of expert adult readers during the incidental learning of new words. We show that the number of fixations and processing duration vary according to the number of exposures to a novel word, testifying to the progressive strengthening of its orthographic representation in memory. Exploratory data suggest that orthographic learning and oculomotor behaviors are also modulated by the visual-attentional abilities of the participants.In the third and final article, we present the learning model BRAID-Learn and test its ability to account for previously described oculomotor data in orthographic learning conditions. The model is based on two original hypotheses. The first is that the system controls the visual-attentional parameters in order to optimize the accumulation of perceptual information on letters of the stimulus and, therefore, to efficiently build a new orthographic trace during learning. The second hypothesis is that lexical familiarity, that is, the probability that the stimulus presented is a known word, modulates the top-down influence of lexical representations on letter perception. We show that the model successfully reproduces the observations, namely the decrease of the number of fixations as well as processing duration for novel words across exposures.BRAID-Learn is the first orthographic learning model to establish an explicit link between orthographic learning and eye movements observed during the incidental orthographic learning. Another contribution of this thesis is to show and clarify the role of visual attention in orthographic learning, suggesting that this dimension could be strongly involved in the transition from serial reading, that characterizes learning readers, to global reading, that characterizes expert readers
Courally, Sylvie. "Concevoir un instrument didactique pour l'enseignement du français langue de scolarisation." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF20003.
Full textSauvé, Nathalie. "Effet d'un programme de lecture dialogique en milieu de garde et à domicile sur le développement d'enfants de deux milieux socio-économiques /." Montréal : Université du Québec à Montréal, 2005. http://accesbib.uqam.ca/cgi-bin/bduqam/transit.pl?&noMan=24144732.
Full textQuanquin, Véronique. "Le choix du texte : problématique et application dans le cadre d'un environnement informatique d'aide à l'enseignement et l'apprentissage de la lecture en cours préparatoire." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000CLF20011.
Full textBesse, Anne-Sophie. "Caractéristiques des langues et apprentissage de la lecture en langue première et en français langue seconde : perspective évolutive et comparative entre l’arabe et le portugais." Rennes 2, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00267662/fr/.
Full textFirst, this crosslinguistic study aimed to investigate graphophonological, grapho-morphological and grapho-syntactical implicit and explicit knowledge development and the contribution of this knowledge to reading in vocalised Arabic and Portuguese mother tongue. Results indicate that Arabic pupils focus on root/pattern morpho-derivational structure, more than on inflected cues, whereas Portuguese pupils show a phonological sensitivity to rime and syllable but also better knowledge about inflexional than derivational morphology. Moreover, whatever mother tongue we studied, morphological knowledge plays a role on written words recognition, when more decontextualized knowledge occurs mainly in Arabic. The grapho-morpho-derivational knowledge contribution in Arabic reading comprehension accentuates the significance of morphology in this written language. Lastly, reading comprehension seems to be more dependent from automatised processes in Portuguese because of its relatively irregular orthography. The second aim of this research was to study the role of reading acquisition in mother tongue (Arabic vs. Portuguese) on learning to read in French as a second language. Comparisons allow to conclude that the special status of morphology in Arabic can conduct learners to pay attention on internal structure of French words in order to read it. In the other hand, similarity between Portuguese and French facilitates the development of graphophonological sensitivity and emphasises the symmetry between first and second language reading words skills. French second language reading comprehension profiles and their development are also very different between Arabic and Portuguese speakers
Montant, Marie. "Les étapes de traitement pré-lexicales dans la reconnaissance visuelle des mots : approche comportementale et neuropsychologique." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX11069.
Full textPélissier, Chrysta. "Fonctionnalités et méthodologie de conception d'un module de type ressource : application dans un environnement informatique d'aide à l'apprentissage de la lecture." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00661571.
Full textAouag, Sofiane. "Individualisation de l'apprentissage dans un Système Tuteur Intelligent : cas de l'apprentissage de la lecture dans un système AMICAL." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00658846.
Full textCosta, Hugo Câmara. "Cognitive, behavioral and familial associations of reading acquisition and academic achievement : a population-based longitudinal study from kindergarten to middle school." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05H115.
Full textLongitudinal studies starting during kindergarten provide an appropriate method to investigate the child- and environmental-level factors that account for children's reading and academic achievement later in their educational trajectories. In France, studies designed to follow-up children longitudinally from kindergarten onwards remain scarce. An epidemiological study started in 2001 in the Urban Community of Creusot Montceau (Saône-et-Loire, France) sought initially to identify the factors associated with children's reading acquisition and academic achievement from preschool (3-6 years) to the middle of elementary school (Grade 3, 8-9 years). The PhD project reported here aimed to extend the original design of data collection to the end of middle school (Grade 9, 14-15 years) spanning a 10-year follow-up period in the general population. This work aimed to investigate the specific contributions of child-level factors (cognitive-academic skills, behavior problems) and environment-level factors (sociodemographic and family characteristics) for children's subsequent reading acquisition at the end of elementary school (Grade 5), as well as academic achievement at the end of middle school (Grade 9). The samples of analysis comprised 829 kindergarteners in the 2001-2002 school year (Cohort 1, 90% of the initial sample) followed through the end of middle school (Cohort 1, 2010-2011 school year) and 812 kindergarteners in the 2003-2004 school year (Cohort 3), from which a sub-sample of 154 participants was followed through the end of elementary school (2008-2009 school year). At kindergarten, assessment included measures of children's cognitive-academic and behavioral skills, as well as family background characteristics. Outcome measures were composed of children's results in the national evaluations performed at the end of middle school for Cohort 1 ("Diplôme National du Brevet") and of children's scores in standardized measures of word reading achievement at the end of elementary school for Cohort 3 (ODEDYS, Jacquier-Roux, Valdois & Zorman, 2002). The results indicated that children's phonological processing skills, letter knowledge and attentive behavior were the most robust predictors of word reading achievement at Grade 5. In addition, parental reports of familial antecedents of reading difficulties also contributed to predict word reading at Grade 5 and were specifically associated with both reading difficulties and inattention behavior at this grade level. At Grade 9, children's oral language skills, letter knowledge, short-term verbal memory, perceptual reasoning (non-verbal cognitive ability) and attentive behavior at kindergarten predicted significantly the outcome measure of general academic achievement at Grade 9, together with parental educational level and family structure. Moreover, results indicated the influence of several family characteristics referring to father's nationality, type of early childcare, language-based bedtime routines and familial antecedents of reading difficulties as risk factors for children's subsequent academic underachievement. The present work contributes to the extant literature regarding the child- and family-level factors associated with subsequent reading acquisition and academic achievement from kindergarten to elementary and middle school. Importantly, these results allowed the identification of novel familial risk factors that influence negatively children's subsequent academic trajectories. These findings have important implications regarding the child and family factors that should be targeted during kindergarten in order to prevent children's subsequent reading and academic difficulties and to promote adequate intervention strategies early in children's educational trajectories
Zebib, Racha. "Le rôle de l'apprentissage de la lecture dans le développement de la mémoire de travail." Thesis, Tours, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOUR2019/document.
Full textThis study aims to explore the role that learning to read plays in Working Memory development. The population for this research was split into two groups. The first group, which was studied longitudinally, consisted of kindergartners and first and second graders attending a regular school. The second group, which was assessed only once, consisted of poor readers in second grade. The results from the first group revealed a progressive increase in WM capacity as well as a progressive differentiation of this system (WM model of Baddeley & Hitch, 1974) between kindergarten and the second grade. Moreover, the results showed that learning to read plays a role in WM development and that the relation between these abilities is not strictly due to the involvement of more general linguistic or phonological abilities in the tasks used for the assessment of WM and reading. Finally, the poor readers’ results support the hypothesis suggesting that reading plays a fundamental role in WM development. In fact, the structural organization of WM in these children is different from the one found in children of the same education level in the other group