Journal articles: 'Acquisition Pointing Tracking'

1

Karim, Mohammad A. "Guest Editorial: Acquisition, Pointing, and Tracking." Optical Engineering 32, no. 11 (1993): 2647. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.162629.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Baister, G., and P. V. Gatenby. "Pointing, acquisition and tracking for optical space communications." Electronics & Communication Engineering Journal 6, no. 6 (1994): 271–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ecej:19940605.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Lin, Jiaming, Zihao Du, Chuying Yu, et al. "Machine-vision-based acquisition, pointing, and tracking system for underwater wireless optical communications." Chinese Optics Letters 19, no. 5 (2021): 050604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col202119.050604.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

He, Wang, Liu, et al. "Shipborne Acquisition, Tracking, and Pointing Experimental Verifications Towards Satellite-to-Sea Laser Communication." Applied Sciences 9, no. 18 (2019): 3940. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9183940.

Full text

Abstract:

Acquisition, tracking, and pointing (ATP) is a key technology in free space laser communication that has a characteristically high precision. In this paper, we report the acquisition and tracking of low-Earth-orbit satellites using shipborne ATP and verify the feasibility of establishing optical links between laser communication satellites and ships in the future. In particular, we developed a shipborne ATP system for satellite-to-sea applications in laser communications. We also designed an acquisition strategy for satellite-to-sea laser communication. In addition, a method was proposed for improving shipborne ATP pointing error. We tracked some stars at sea, achieving a pointing accuracy of less than 180μrad.We then acquired and tracked some low-Earth-orbit satellites at sea, achieving a tracking accuracy of about 20μrad. The results achieved in this work experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of ATP in satellite-to-sea laser communications.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Guo Aiyan, 国爱燕, 高文军 Gao Wenjun, 周傲松 Zhou Aosong, 程竟爽 Cheng Jingshuang, and 何善宝 He Shanbao. "Beaconless acquisition tracking and pointing of inter-satellite optical communication." Infrared and Laser Engineering 46, no. 10 (2017): 1022002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/irla201746.1022002.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Li, Zhikang, Bo Liu, Huachuang Wang, et al. "Target Tracking and Ranging Based on Single Photon Detection." Photonics 8, no. 7 (2021): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8070278.

Full text

Abstract:

In order to achieve non-cooperative target tracking and ranging in conditions of a weak echo signal, this paper presents a real-time acquisition, pointing, tracking (APT), and ranging (APTR) lidar system based on single photon detection. With this system, an active target APT mechanism based on a single photon detector is proposed. The target tracking and ranging strategy and the simulation of target APT are presented. Experiments in the laboratory show that the system has good performance to achieve the acquisition, pointing and ranging of a static target, and track a dynamic target (angular velocity around 3 mrad/s) under the condition of extremely weak echo signals (a dozen photons). Meanwhile, through further theoretical analysis, it can be proven that the mechanism has stronger tracking and detection ability in long distance. It can achieve the active tracking of the target with a lateral velocity of hundreds of meters per second at about one hundred kilometers distance. This means that it has the ability of fast long-distance non-cooperative target tracking and ranging, only by using a single-point single photon detector.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Qian Feng, 钱锋, 贾建军 Jia Jianjun, 张亮 Zhang Liang, and 王建宇 Wang Jianyu. "Positioning Accuracy of Spot-Detecting Camera in Acquisition, Tracking, Pointing System." Chinese Journal of Lasers 40, no. 2 (2013): 0205007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl201340.0205007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Romano, Marcello, and Brij N. Agrawal. "Acquisition, tracking and pointing control of the Bifocal Relay Mirror spacecraft." Acta Astronautica 53, no. 4-10 (2003): 509–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0094-5765(03)80011-5.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Li, Qing, Lei Liu, Xiaofei Ma, Si-Lu Chen, Hai Yun, and Shuo Tang. "Development of Multitarget Acquisition, Pointing, and Tracking System for Airborne Laser Communication." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 15, no. 3 (2019): 1720–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tii.2018.2868143.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

WANG Wei-bing, 王卫兵, 王挺峰 WANG Ting-feng, and 郭劲 GUO Jin. "Analysis for opto-electrical acquisition tracking and pointing control technology on satellite." Chinese Journal of Optics and Applied Optics 7, no. 6 (2014): 879–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/co.20140706.0879.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Zhao Xin, 赵馨, 宋延嵩 Song Yansong, 佟首峰 Tong Shoufeng, and 刘云清 Liu Yunqing. "Dynamic Demonstration Experiment of Acquisition, Pointing and Tracking System in Space Laser Communications." Chinese Journal of Lasers 41, no. 3 (2014): 0305005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl201441.0305005.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Li, Qing, Lei Liu, and Hongjie Yang. "High Accuracy and Multi-Target Acquisition, Pointing and Tracking under Satellite Micro-Vibrations." Microgravity Science and Technology 32, no. 4 (2020): 715–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12217-020-09804-0.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Xie, Xin, Jieji Zheng, and Lianchao Zhang. "A Composite Control Method Based on Model Predictive Control and a Disturbance Observer for the Acquisition, Tracking, and Pointing System." Actuators 13, no. 10 (2024): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act13100417.

Full text

Abstract:

Nonlinear disturbances, such as friction, backlash, and base vibration, are the main factors restricting the further improvement of the dynamic performance of the Acquisition, Tracking and Pointing (ATP) system. However, the modeling and compensation of the time-varying nonlinearities are still challenging. In this paper, a compound control algorithm based on model predictive control (MPC) and a Proportional Multiple-Integral State-Augmented Kalman Filter (PMISAKF) disturbance observer is proposed to improve the disturbance rejection performance. Specifically, a PMISAKF is used to estimate the system’s state and external disturbances in real-time. These observed disturbances are then treated as known external inputs at the current or future time points and incorporated into the predictive model of MPC. This allows the optimization process to take these external factors into consideration, enabling the calculation of an optimal control strategy and achieving high pointing and tracking accuracy for nonlinear time-varying disturbances. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the system’s anti-interference ability and tracking accuracy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Del Mondo, Federico, Stefano Seriani, Paolo Gallina, Anna Gregorio, and Rodolfo Taccani. "Development of a Numerical Simulation Model to Support the Design of a Ship–Satellite Communication System for Autonomous Marine Navigation." Remote Sensing 15, no. 24 (2023): 5729. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15245729.

Full text

Abstract:

In recent years, the concept of autonomous navigation systems has gained substantial significance, with the potential to change the traditional concept of autonomous navigation. The presented numerical simulation investigates the feasibility of a ship’s autonomous navigation system through a laser communication infrastructure handled by a two-degrees-of-freedom (DoFs) acquisition, tracking and pointing (ATP) system able to enable ship–satellite data transmission. The methodology introduced presents the geometrical and kinematic delineation of the model, coupled with the implemented control system, aimed at assessing the pointing accuracy. The minimum requested pointing accuracy is 100 µrad and the analysis highlights the need of using methodologies to reduce the pointing error. Two approaches are investigated to examine a possible improvement of the system, and results show that the pointing phase is influenced less by ship motions and more by errors that occur during the satellite’s positioning and the ship motion acquisition process. A trade-off in choosing parameters to improve the system’s accuracy leads to a satellite’s first targeting time of 0.25 s alongside the probability of hitting the target once every 0.0013 s. The reliability of the system is evaluated through a brief sizing of the optical electromechanical component of the system using the trade-off parameters chosen to improve the pointing phase accuracy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Li, Ming Qiu, and Shu Hua Jiang. "Design of Optimum Controller of APT Fine Tracking Control System." Advanced Materials Research 712-715 (June 2013): 2738–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.712-715.2738.

Full text

Abstract:

APT (Acquisition, Pointing, and Tracking) system of space laser communication adopts compound axis structure; it consists of coarse tracking and fine tracking system. Its response speed and tracking precision mainly rests with the fine tracking system. Traditional PID control algorithm often is used in APT fine tracking system. In order to improve the dynamic performance of the system and decrease the tracking error, optimum control technology was adopted in this paper. On the basis of considering the system dynamic performance requirements and tracking precision requirement, optimum controller was designed. The simulation result shows that the bandwidth of APT fine tracking system is up to 1310 Hz, and the stable state error is less than 0.002. Compared with PID control, optimum control can improve the tracking performance of system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Zhang, Yue, Huiqin Wang, Minghua Cao, and Zhongxian Bao. "Performance Evaluation of MPPM-Coded Wireless Optical MIMO System with Combined Effects over Correlated Fading Channel." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2020 (August 18, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7983812.

Full text

Abstract:

The performance of wireless optical MIMO system with multiple pulse position modulation (MPPM) over correlated fading channel is investigated. The combined effects of atmospheric attenuation, atmospheric turbulence, and pointing error are taken into consideration. The bit error rate (BER) and the ergodic channel capacity are analyzed by utilizing the Poisson counting model and the exponential correlation model. Moreover, their approximate expressions are derived. The simulation results demonstrate that the pointing error is the most prominent influence factor over weak correlated channel. The performance degradation caused by a high channel correlation coefficient is more than that of pointing error in strong correlated channel. Therefore, the use of pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT) system and reasonable arrangement of the number and spacing of antennas at the transceiver are the keys to improve system performance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Liu, Jin, Fan Zhang, Carlo Cattani, Haima Yang, and Song Wanqing. "Optimization of ATP System Based on Quantum Secure Communication and Its Tracking Control Strategy." Shock and Vibration 2021 (March 17, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6627417.

Full text

Abstract:

In quantum key distribution experiments, ground motion is usually used to simulate satellite-based motion. The posture fluctuation of the platform affects the normal operation of the acquisition, tracking, and pointing (abbreviated as ATP) system seriously. To achieve the verification of the ground motion platform, the ATP parameters of the ground simulation motion system cannot be designed only according to the satellite-based ATP parameters. To solve this problem, a set of initial pointing system and inertial stabilization system is added to the simulation ATP system. This provides a technical solution for the ground simulation ATP system similar to the satellite-based motion platform. In the meanwhile, a tracking control strategy based on the identification method is proposed by establishing identification symbols. Compared with traditional proportion, integral, and differential (abbreviated as PID) control, this method overcomes the shortcoming of tentative modification of the control parameters and improves the stability and adaptability of the tracking control process. Tracking accuracy of ±0.1° is achieved under heavy-load conditions. This guarantees the success of the quantum key distribution (QKD) verification test of the ground motion platform.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Zou, Yansheng, Zihao Ke, Yeding Shao, Qirun Fan, and Chen Liu. "Short-distance equivalent test of acquisition, pointing, and tracking process for space laser communication." Applied Optics 61, no. 3 (2022): 721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.447725.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Bai, Shuai, Jianyu Wang, Jia Qiang, Liang Zhang, and Juanjuan Wang. "Predictive filtering-based fast reacquisition approach for space-borne acquisition, tracking, and pointing systems." Optics Express 22, no. 22 (2014): 26462. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.22.026462.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Kaymak, Yagiz, Roberto Rojas-Cessa, Jianghua Feng, Nirwan Ansari, MengChu Zhou, and Tairan Zhang. "A Survey on Acquisition, Tracking, and Pointing Mechanisms for Mobile Free-Space Optical Communications." IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials 20, no. 2 (2018): 1104–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/comst.2018.2804323.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Gayatri, Tiwari, and Chandra Singh Chauhan Ram. "A Review on Inter-Satellite Links Free Space Optical Communication." Indian Journal of Science and Technology 13, no. 6 (2020): 712–24. https://doi.org/10.17485/ijst/2020/v13i06/147998.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Objectives: The need for constricting, lightweight, low-power electronics-aggravated by the thriving demand for large data flow rate and bandwidth is urging the use of optical technologies in defense and space. Free space optical (FSO) communication links have promising eminence over microwave communication links with high speed, low weight, and increased security so that they can be boarded conveniently on the satellite. Methods/findings: The advancement of the optical components and systems has made it very predominant along with its acceptability in space and defense. Yet a couple of significant components to be dealt with are tracking problems with misalignment of the transmitter and receiver apertures and the progressions because of barometrical conditions. Efficiency of the FSO communication system is seriously rotted due to the angle of arrival (AoA) variance and including error pointing. The optical transmitter can be perfectly coordinated with the receiver by utilizing the pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT). However, this method is to be carried out under the airborne platform with required restrictions namely size, weight, and power. Application: An overview of promising inter-satellite applications with the challenges have been discussed which sway the performance of the system and make the communication link unattainable. The FSO communication possesses an advantage over two existing technologies optical fiber communication and wireless communication. Hence, the significant use of FSO is intersatellite optical wireless communication (Is OWC) links, which will be deployed in the future in space. Keywords: Angle-of-arrival Variance (AoA), Free-space Optical Communication, Pointing, Acquisition, and Tracking (PAT)

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Khalid, Muhammad, Wu Ji, Deng Li, and Li Kun. "Mitigating the Impact of Satellite Vibrations on the Acquisition of Satellite Laser Links Through Optimized Scan Path and Parameters." Photonics 12, no. 5 (2025): 444. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12050444.

Full text

Abstract:

In the past two decades, there has been a tremendous increase in demand for services requiring a high bandwidth, a low latency, and high data rates, such as broadband internet services, video streaming, cloud computing, IoT devices, and mobile data services (5G and beyond). Optical wireless communication (OWC) technology, which is also envisioned for next-generation satellite networks using laser links, offers a promising solution to meet these demands. Establishing a line-of-sight (LOS) link and initiating communication in laser links is a challenging task. This process is managed by the acquisition, pointing, and tracking (APT) system, which must deal with the narrow beam divergence and the presence of satellite platform vibrations. These factors increase acquisition time and decrease acquisition probability. This study presents a framework for evaluating the acquisition time of four different scanning methods: spiral, raster, square spiral, and hexagonal, using a probabilistic approach. A satellite platform vibration model is used, and an algorithm for estimating its power spectral density is applied. Maximum likelihood estimation is employed to estimate key parameters from satellite vibrations to optimize scan parameters, such as the overlap factor and beam divergence. The simulation results show that selecting the scan path, overlap factor, and beam divergence based on an accurate estimation of satellite vibrations can prevent multiple scans of the uncertainty region, improve target satellite detection, and increase acquisition probability, given that the satellite vibration amplitudes are within the constraints imposed by the scan parameters. This study contributes to improving the acquisition process, which can, in turn, enhance the pointing and tracking phases of the APT system in laser links.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Shangjun, Yang*1 &. Xizheng Ke1 2. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON 100 KM FREE SPACE COHERENT OPTICAL COMMUNICATION." GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND RESEARCHES6 7, no. 2 (2020): 44–48. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3690135.

Full text

Abstract:

An experiment of free space optical communication based on heterodyne detection in the 100km link from erlangjian to Quanji Township in Qinghai Lake is built. The experimental results show that the acquisition, pointing, tracking (APT) system with composite axis structure can achieve the beam alignment, the adaptive optical system based on the combination of fast steering mirror(FSM) and deformable mirror(DM) can correct the wave front distortion, and the multi-antenna transmission structure can effectively improve the coupling optical power and suppress the light intensity flicker.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Li Yimang, 李一芒, 盛磊 Sheng Lei, and 高世杰 Gao Shijie. "Influence of Filtering Algorithm for Spot Position Detection Accuracy of Acquisition, Tracking and Pointing System." Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 52, no. 11 (2015): 110602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/lop52.110602.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Kim, Sung-Jin, and Sang-Kook Han. "Efficient MIMO Configuration for Bi-Directional Vertical FSO Link with Multiple Beam Induced Pointing Error." Sensors 22, no. 23 (2022): 9147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22239147.

Full text

Abstract:

We proposed the statistical misalignment model and the power-efficient configuration of transceivers for bi-directional multi-input and multi-output (MIMO) based vertical free space optical (FSO) links. Spatial diversity based MIMO FSO systems could be used to mitigate atmospheric fading issues. However, the increased number of channels can cause additional pointing error in pointing, acquisition and tracking (PAT) systems. The statistical misalignment model for detecting misalignment error is derived from the multiple transceivers. For the bi-directional characteristics of non-terrestrial back-haul networks, transmission performance is down-leveled to the worse in the asymmetric MIMO configuration of transceivers. The symmetric structure can mitigate the effect of increased pointing error to improve transmission performance. The proposed technique can be applied to the design of power-efficient FSO systems for non-terrestrial wireless back-haul networks.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

HIRAKOSO, Nobuto, Saburo MATUNAGA, and Yoshiaki OHKAMI. "Experiment of Antenna Pointing Control for Satellite Communications Tracking Systems on Vehicles. Experiment of Acquisition and Tracking for BS Satellite." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 68, no. 667 (2002): 833–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.68.833.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Cao, Yang, and Min Fu Zhao. "Research of Image Processing Based on High Frame-Rate Beacon for Free Space Optical Communication." Applied Mechanics and Materials 236-237 (November 2012): 1015–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.236-237.1015.

Full text

Abstract:

It is the key step for real-time image processing of beacon to complete the pointing, acquisition and tracking course between the optical communication terminals. The segmentation and extraction of beacon is the most difficult problem for the sequence image processing, a kind of adaptive threshold segmentation method is put forward on the basis of Otsu algorithm , in the improved algorithm, the image processing is divided into two parts: firstly, it is to identify potential target in a single frame; the secondly, it is to detect beacon image in a region of interesting . Finally, the kalman model is applied to accomplish the tracking of beacon, the experimental result shows that the Otsu algorithm overcomes the disadvantage of incomplete information for traditional algorithm, therefore, it is beneficial to improve the tracking ability of system．

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Campos, Luiz CA, and Luciano L. Menegaldo. "A battle tank simulator for eye and hand coordination tasks under horizontal whole-body vibration." Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control 37, no. 1 (2018): 144–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461348418757889.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper describes the development of a simulator to reproduce gunner’s target tracking tasks in a main battle tank, under whole-body vibration conditions. For specifying the vibration and tracking conditions, three-degree-of-freedom acceleration was measured in a tracked armored vehicle, equipped with a 105 mm cannon, running in a battlefield test track. The electrohydraulic dynamics of the turret systems was experimentally identified as black-box autoregressive functions. A pneumatic actuation system and a real-time control software were designed to reproduce horizontal, single-axis periodic motion with the dominant frequency observed in field measurements. The control software displays the target and sight points and acquires the turret pointing command from an adapted gunner’s handle joystick. The root mean square error between target and simulated turret position allows assessing gunner’s target acquisition and tracking performance under periodic vibration.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

De Keyser, Johan, Benoit Lavraud, Lubomir Přech, et al. "Beam tracking strategies for fast acquisition of solar wind velocity distribution functions with high energy and angular resolutions." Annales Geophysicae 36, no. 5 (2018): 1285–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-1285-2018.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Space plasma spectrometers have often relied on spacecraft spin to collect three-dimensional particle velocity distributions, which simplifies the instrument design and reduces its resource budgets but limits the velocity distribution acquisition rate. This limitation can in part be overcome by the use of electrostatic deflectors at the entrance of the analyser. By mounting such a spectrometer on a Sun-pointing spacecraft, solar wind ion distributions can be acquired at a much higher rate because the solar wind ion population, which is a cold beam that fills only part of the sky around its mean arrival direction, always remains in view. The present paper demonstrates how the operation of such an instrument can be optimized through the use of beam tracking strategies. The underlying idea is that it is much more efficient to cover only that part of the energy spectrum and those arrival directions where the solar wind beam is expected to be. The advantages of beam tracking are a faster velocity distribution acquisition for a given angular and energy resolution, or higher angular and energy resolution for a given acquisition rate. It is demonstrated by simulation that such beam tracking strategies can be very effective while limiting the risk of losing the beam. They can be implemented fairly easily with present-day on-board processing resources.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Li, Daquan, Zhaoyong Mao, Lijuan Sun, Haifeng Zhang, and Furui Zhang. "Analysis of Coaxiality Error Induced by the Cube Corner Retro-Reflector Geometrical and Assembly Errors of an Acquisition, Pointing, and Tracking System." Photonics 10, no. 10 (2023): 1176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10101176.

Full text

Abstract:

Satellite laser communication is a promising technology for the next-generation communication system. Its communication performance is subject to the APT beam-pointing accuracy. One of the most important problems is reducing the coaxiality error before the APT starts working. However, the coaxiality error is difficult to correct effectively owing to the lack of empirical guidance based on qualitative analysis. We study the inducement that will generate coaxiality errors. The mathematical model of the influence of the CCR dihedral angle error and planeness error on the spot centroid measurement are built, and an analysis is performed. The model of the beam-pointing error induced by the APT element’s assembly error is built, and the pointing error change rule is explored. Furthermore, the coaxiality performance simulation is performed in the presence of a CCR geometrical error while considering the assembly error. The results show that the coaxiality error has a nonlinear characteristic. The CCR planeness error has a greater influence on coaxiality deviation than that of dihedral angle error under certain conditions. This research is relevant to the design and test work of the APT system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Yang, Jin, Xinquan Yang, and Jingzhong Guo. "Performance analysis of satellite-to-ground 16QAM coherent optical communication." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2906, no. 1 (2024): 012002. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2906/1/012002.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors are two major factors affecting satellite-to-ground coherent optical communication links. This study considers the effects of power scintillation and phase jitter caused by atmospheric turbulence, as well as active mode compensation for wavefront phase distortion. Additionally, residual pointing errors due to platform micro-vibrations are taken into account, and a statistical channel model is derived under the combined effects of atmospheric turbulence and residual pointing errors during tracking and acquisition. Based on this model, a closed-form approximate expression for the average bit error rate (BER) of 16QAM satellite-to-ground coherent optical communication is derived using the Meijer-G function. The results show that the derived BER expression matches well with numerical integration results, confirming its accuracy and applicability under various link conditions. Through numerical simulations, the effects of residual pointing error variance, turbulence strength, satellite zenith angle, and transceiver antenna aperture on the performance of 16QAM satellite-to-ground coherent optical communication are evaluated. The findings offer valuable theoretical insights for the design and optimization of future satellite-to-ground 16QAM coherent optical communication systems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Skormin, Victor A. "Mathematical modeling and simulation analysis of a pointing, acquisition, and tracking system for laser-based intersatellite communication." Optical Engineering 32, no. 11 (1993): 2749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.148102.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Hu, Haili, Xiaokang Peng, Xiaobo He, and Xinmin Guo. "Infield Simulation and Testing Method of ATP in Laser Anti-UAV System." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2988, no. 1 (2025): 012004. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2988/1/012004.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The laser anti-UAV system is a directional energy system that uses high-power laser energy to converge onto the target for destruction. The ATP in laser anti-UAV systems refers to aiming, tracking, pointing and striking. In ATP, the target tracking accuracy which characterizes the target tracking capability and the aiming accuracy of laser strike are ATP core performance indicators. The current tracking and emission performance testing of high-energy laser ATP mostly relies on external field shooting tests. This paper applies targets simulation technology to ATP infield testing, designs an infield target simulation and testing system, and implements core indicators testing such as dynamic target simulation, tracking accuracy testing, and aiming accuracy testing of ATP in the infield. Large scale and high dynamic targets simulation is achieved by using a dynamic target simulator combined with turntable rotation. After aligning, locking, and tracking the simulated targets with ATP, the deviation between the tracking point and the zero position was obtained through image acquisition, achieving the testing of tracking accuracy. After stable tracking, the ATP system emits weak laser light to the target simulation system, and the target simulation system collects the deviation of the incident light position, which can achieve the testing of aiming accuracy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Gambi, J. M., M. L. García del Pino, J. Gschwindl, and E. B. Weinmüller. "Post-Newtonian equations of motion for LEO debris objects and space-based acquisition, pointing and tracking laser systems." Acta Astronautica 141 (December 2017): 132–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2017.10.006.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Blackmon, J. B. "Development and Performance of a Digital Image Radiometer for Heliostat Evaluation at Solar One." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 107, no. 4 (1985): 315–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3267699.

Full text

Abstract:

A review is presented of the development, performance, and operation of a digital image radiometer (DIR) used to evaluate and enhance heliostat optical and tracking performance at the Solar One 10 MWe pilot plant at Daggett, Calif. The system, termed the beam characterization system (BCS), is based on digitizing, calibrating, and computer-processing video images of heliostat-reflected beams displayed on four 30- by 40-ft targets located on the tower beneath the receiver. Additionally, the radiance distribution of the sun is simultaneously recorded by a separate, specially modified solar-tracking video camera. The basic theory and analytical techniques used to determine beam centroid error (i.e., heliostat pointing errors), the actual incident beam power, spillage power off the receiver, and solar radiance distribution are described. The computer system is presented including the automatic data acquisition mode, the interface with the heliostat array controller (HAC), and the data acquisition system (DAS). Data display for plant operator purposes and additional data acquired and stored for more detailed engineering evaluations are discussed. Advanced applications of the DIR such as determination of total incident flux on a receiver from a field of heliostats, reflectance monitoring, and measurement of atmospheric attenuation are presented.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Park, Siwoong, Chan Il Yeo, Young Soon Heo, et al. "Tracking Efficiency Improvement According to Incident Beam Size in QPD-Based PAT System for Common Path-Based Full-Duplex FSO Terminals." Sensors 22, no. 20 (2022): 7770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22207770.

Full text

Abstract:

Free space optical (FSO) communication can support various unmanned aerial vehicles’ (UAVs) applications that require large capacity data transmission. In order to perform FSO communication between two terminals, it is essential to employ a pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT) system with an efficient and optimal performance. We report on the development of a common optical-path-based FSO communication system, tailored for applications in UAVs. The proposed system is equipped with a quadrant photodiode (QPD)-based PAT system without an additional beacon beam subsystem. The presented approach reduced the structural complexity and improved the tracking efficiency for the same size, weight, and power (SWaP). To achieve a robust FSO link in a dynamic UAV environment, the observability and controllability were obtained based on the linearized control according to the incident beam size on the QPD, which was verified by optical simulation and experiments. As a result, the QPD-based PAT system for implementing FSO links demonstrated an up to 4.25 times faster tracking performance. Moreover, the FSO link experimentally confirmed the 1.25 Gbps full-duplex error-free communication at a 50 m distance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Medina, I., L. Santiago, J. J. Hernández Gómez, R. Castillo, and C. Couder Castañeda. "Artificial vision algorithm for earth station location from CubeSats in narrow beam optical communications." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2307, no. 1 (2022): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2307/1/012023.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The use of CubeSats promises several advantages within a low economical budget margin for different missions. Nowadays, data transfer through optical channels (lasercom) is considered a potential technology for satellite wireless communications, providing several advantages in terms of data transfer rate with lower energy consumption. However, a main drawback is the location of the Optical Ground Station (OGS). Therefore, an artificial vision algorithm for the processing of images captured by the camera of a CubeSat is proposed in this work, in order to carry out the identification and recognition of an OGS by means of a beacon signal, to aid the Pointing, Acquisition and Tracking (PAT) onboard subsystem for the communication’s stage.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Gambi, Jose M., Maria L. Garcia del Pino, Jonathan Mosser, and Ewa B. Weinmüller. "Numerical Approach for the Computation of Preliminary Post-Newtonian Corrections for Laser Links in Space." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2019 (January 9, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3723018.

Full text

Abstract:

Two systems of Earth-centered inertial Newtonian orbital equations for a spherical Earth and three systems of post-Newtonian nonlinear equations, derived from the second post-Newtonian approximation to the Earth Schwarzschild field, are used to carry out a performance analysis of a numerical procedure based on the Dormand-Prince method for initial value problems in ordinary differential equations. This procedure provides preliminary post-Newtonian corrections to the Newtonian trajectories of middle-size space objects with respect to space-based acquisition, pointing, and tracking laser systems, and it turns out to be highly efficient. In fact, we can show that running the standard adaptive ode45 MATLAB routine with the absolute and relative tolerance, TOLa = 10−16 and TOLr = 10−13, respectively, provides corrections that are final within the eclipses caused by the Earth and close to final during the noneclipse phases. These corrections should be taken into account to increase the pointing accuracy in implementing the space-to-space laser links required for ablation of designated objects or communications between space terminals.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Romualdez, L. Javier, Chris J. Damaren, Lun Li, et al. "Precise pointing and stabilization performance for the balloon-borne imaging testbed: 2015 test flight." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 231, no. 4 (2016): 713–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954410016641451.

Full text

Abstract:

Balloon-borne astronomy offers an attractive option for experiments that require precise pointing and attitude stabilization, due to a large reduction in the atmospheric interference observed by ground-based systems as well as the low-cost and short development time-scale compared to space-borne systems. The Balloon-borne Imaging Testbed (BIT) is an instrument designed to meet the technological requirements of high-precision astronomical missions, and is a precursor to the development of a facility-class instrument with capabilities similar to the Hubble Space Telescope. The attitude determination and control systems (ADCS) for BIT, the design, implementation, and analysis of which are the focus of this paper, compensate for compound pendulation effects and other sub-orbital disturbances in the stratosphere to within 1–2′′ (rms), while back-end optics provide further image stabilization down to 0.05′′ (not discussed here). During the inaugural test flight from Timmins, Canada in September 2015, BIT ADCS pointing and stabilization performed exceptionally, with coarse pointing and target acquisition to within <0.1° and fine stabilization to 0.68′′ (rms) over long (10–30 min) integrations. This level of performance was maintained during flight for several tracking runs that demonstrated pointing stability on the sky for more than an hour at a time. To refurbish and improve the system for the three-month flight from New Zealand in 2018, certain modifications to the ADCS need to be made to smooth pointing mode transitions and to correct for internal biases observed during the test flight. Furthermore, the level of autonomy must be increased for future missions to improve system reliability and robustness.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Gao, Bo, Hongtao Yang, Weining Chen, and Hao Wang. "Topology Optimization of the Bracket Structure in the Acquisition, Pointing, and Tracking System Considering Displacement and Key Point Stress Constraints." Aerospace 11, no. 11 (2024): 939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace11110939.

Full text

Abstract:

The lightweight and displacement-stable design of the mechanical support structure within the APTS (Acquisition, Pointing, and Tracking System) is crucial for enhancing the payload capacity of remote sensing, satellite communication, and laser systems, while still meeting specified functional requirements. This paper adopts the Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization (SIMP) method to investigate the structural topology optimization of the L-shaped bracket in the APTS, aiming to minimize structural compliance while using volume, key point displacement, and maximum stress as constraints. In the optimization model, differences in the topology of the L-shaped bracket structure are explored to minimize structural compliance, which was performed under volume, key point displacement, and stress constraints, and the results are compared with the initial reinforced structure. The innovative L-shaped bracket structure obtained through topology optimization uses significantly less material than the initial reinforced design, while still meeting the displacement and stress constraints. After smoothing, rounding, and finite element analysis, the displacement and stress performance of the optimized L-shaped bracket structure satisfies the set constraints. The method proposed in this paper offers an innovative solution for the lightweight design of mechanical support structures in APTS, with significant engineering application potential.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Freitas, Manuel M., Marco A. Fernandes, Paulo P. Monteiro, Fernando P. Guiomar, and Gil M. Fernandes. "Requirements and Solutions for Robust Beam Alignment in Fiber-Coupled Free-Space Optical Systems." Photonics 10, no. 4 (2023): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10040394.

Full text

Abstract:

The continuous growth of Internet data traffic is pushing the current radio-frequency wireless technologies up to their physical limits. To overcome the upcoming bandwidth bottleneck, Free-Space Optics (FSO) is currently deemed as a key breakthrough toward next-generation ultra-high-capacity wireless links. Despite its numerous advantages, FSO also entails several particular challenges regarding the mitigation of the stochastic impairments induced by turbulence and the strict alignment requirements. One of the main issues of FSO communication systems is the mitigation of pointing errors and angle-of-arrival (AoA) fluctuations, which arise from misalignments induced by atmospheric turbulence and vibrations at the transmitting and receiving stations. A common approach to mitigate the impact of pointing errors is the use of an acquisition, tracking and pointing (ATP) system on one or both ends of the FSO link. In this paper, we present a characterization of the pointing errors and the AoA impact on the power budget of the FSO link to quantify the misalignment impairments. Afterwards, we experimentally demonstrate an FSO link with an ATP mechanism at both ends, managed by a control plane that enables the continuous and accurate alignment of the FSO link. To increase the misalignment tolerance, the ATP mechanism comprises two stages: the first one is based on a spatial diversity method provided by a quadrant detector, while the second stage maximizes the optical received power. Lastly, the impact of the beam misalignment on the achievable information rate of a coherent optical wireless system is theoretically addressed and characterized.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Song, Seok-Min, Hyung-Chul Lim, Mansoo Choi, and Yu Yi. "Analysis of Tip/Tilt Compensation of Beam Wandering for Space Laser Communication." Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences 40, no. 4 (2023): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5140/jass.2023.40.4.237.

Full text

Abstract:

Laser communication has been considered as a novel method for earth observation satellites with generation of high data volume. It offers faster data transmission speeds compared to conventional radio frequency (RF) communication due to the short wavelength and narrow beam divergence. However, laser beams are refracted due to atmospheric turbulence between the ground and the satellite. Refracted laser beams, upon reaching the receiver, result in angle-of-arrival (AoA) fluctuation, inducing image dancing and wavefront distortion. These phenomena hinder signal acquisition and lead to signal loss in the course of laser communication. So, precise alignment between the transmitter and receiver is essential to guarantee effective and reliable laser communication, which is achieved by pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT) system. In this study, we simulate the effectiveness of tip/tilt compensation for more efficient laser communication in the satellite-ground downlink. By compensating for low-order terms using tip/tilt mirror, we verify the alleviation of AoA fluctuations under both weak and strong atmospheric turbulence conditions. And the performance of tip/tilt correction is analyzed in terms of the AoA fluctuation and collected power on the detector.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Fu, Wenyi. "Analysis of Optical Satellite Communication Technology and Its Development Trend." SHS Web of Conferences 144 (2022): 02013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202214402013.

Full text

Abstract:

As the demand for information and high data transmitting rate is becoming increasingly crucial, modern communication technology has attached more significance to optical satellite communication study. This paper will mainly concentrate on the development trend of optical satellite communication technology. Firstly, this technology will be introduced with its basic system illustration and block diagram. Moreover, the key technologies will be demonstrated, including optics, signal processing, Acquisition, Tracking, Pointing (ATP) and mechanics. In the final section, a comparison between optical satellites and other communication technologies will be conducted to analyze the future tendency of satellite communication. As shown, it will be fused with 5G technology; also, it might develop in the direction of realizing terminal device miniaturization, space-air-ground integrated network (SAGIN) and intelligent optical satellite communication. Finally, free-space optical (FSO) communication will be of great benefit to humans, as it can bring convenience, enhance communication efficiency and boom the economy. Therefore, scientists should take optical satellite communication technology more seriously and do more research concerning it, helping people live better lives.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Wu, Zengyan, Zhejun Feng, Shubing Ye, Baoming Song, Runxi Wei, and Chaoran Yu. "Beam Properties of a Partially Coherent Beam Propagating Horizontally in Atmospheric Turbulence." Photonics 10, no. 4 (2023): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10040477.

Full text

Abstract:

This study explored the impact of atmospheric turbulence on partially coherent light propagation. Atmospheric turbulence causes random modulation of the intensity and phase of light, resulting in a speckle pattern in the far field. This study focused on partially coherent Gaussian Schell model beams and derived an analytical expression of the cross-spectral density function for their transmission through atmospheric turbulence, based on the generalized Huygens–Fresnel principle and the Tatarski spectrum model. Numerical simulations were used to investigate the effects of the source parameters and turbulence strength on the intensity distribution, beam width, and coherence length of partially coherent light in horizontal atmospheric transmission. The results demonstrate that diffraction-induced broadening primarily affects the intensity distribution of light in free-space transmission. Short transmission distances in atmospheric turbulence have comparable characteristics to those in a vacuum; however, as the turbulence intensity and transmission distance increase, the beam broadening effect amplifies, and the coherence length is reduced. The findings are relevant to the design of acquisition, pointing, and tracking systems for wireless laser communication systems and offer insights into the optimization of optical systems for atmospheric conditions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Derakhshandeh, Ali, Peter A. Hoeher, and Stephan Pachnicke. "Underwater Coherent Optical Wireless Communications with Electronic Beam Steering and Turbulence Compensation Using Adaptive Optics and Aperture Averaging." Photonics 12, no. 3 (2025): 268. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12030268.

Full text

Abstract:

A novel approach to underwater optical wireless coherent communications using liquid crystal spatial light modulators (LC-SLMs) and an aperture averaging lens, in combination with optical phased-array (OPA) antennas, is presented. A comprehensive channel model that includes a wide range of underwater properties, including absorption, scattering, and turbulence effects, is employed to simulate the underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) system in a realistic manner. The proposed system concept utilizes aperture averaging and adaptive optics techniques to mitigate the degrading effects of turbulence. Additionally, OPA antennas are integrated into the system to provide electronic beam steering capabilities, facilitating precise pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT) between mobile underwater vehicles. This integration enables high-speed and reliable communication links by maintaining optimal alignment. The numerical results show that under strong turbulence, our combined turbulence-compensation approach (LC-SLM plus aperture averaging) can extend the communication range by approximately threefold compared to a baseline system without compensation. For instance, at a soft-decision FEC threshold of 1.25×10−2, the maximum achievable link distance increases from around 10m to over 30m. Moreover, the scintillation index is reduced by more than 90%, and the bit error rate (BER) improves.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Vutan, Ana-Maria, Erwin-Christian Lovasz, Mihaela Amarandei, and Valentin Ciupe. "The methods used for the diagnosis and evaluation of scoliosis." Timisoara Physical Education and Rehabilitation Journal 9, no. 17 (2016): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tperj-2016-0013.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In recent years there multiple studies have been carried out on early diagnosis of scoliosis on school and preschool children. The diagnosis and evaluation of scoliosis is done by carrying out X-rays. A protocol is implemented for tracking the evolution of a scoliosis which involves both clinical control and imaging (X-ray) every 6 months, until the end of the growth period of the child. Because investigations such as X-ray and CT, can have harmful effects on the child's growing body (recent studies have shown that X-ray affects the skin, eyes, hematopoietic tissue, gonads and may cause cancer), new methods for diagnosing and tracking the evolution in time were researched. The present paper tries to present the current methods used in the diagnosis and assessment of scoliosis evolution in time, pointing out the main advantages and disadvantages of each method. There are a few methods developed in recent years in Germany by Zebris Medical Gmbh (using mapping with ultrasonic digital equipment), in Canada by InSpeck (using three-dimensional mapping through digital image acquisition) but used on a small scale. The newly developed methods have the advantage of being non-invasive, painless, non-irradiating and they can be used regardless of health status or gender. Although medical technology has developed very rapidly in recent years, radiology remains the most common method of investigation used for scoliosis. Certainly, in the near future the methods presented in this paper could be used more widely, for the benefits arising from their use.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Peng, Bo, Ping Ruan, Junfeng Han, et al. "Design and Simulation Analysis of Piezoelectric Ceramic Tube-Based Fiber Optic Nutator Applied to an Intersatellite Laser Communication System." Photonics 10, no. 7 (2023): 769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10070769.

Full text

Abstract:

The signal-receiving end of acquisition, pointing, and tracking (APT) systems applied to intersatellite laser communication terminals usually uses a fast-steering mirror (FSM) to control the fiber-coupling process, has a complex structural design, and induces large errors in the nonideal coaxial optical path. Herein, we propose a fiber-optic nutator using a piezoelectric ceramic tube (PCT) as the driving unit that allows scanning in the focal plane of the light signal to achieve active fiber coupling in the APT system. Specifically, this article describes the structural design principle of a PCT-based fiber optic nutator, establishes a simulation model of the mechanism, and proves the correctness of the simulation model by measuring the deflection angle of a PCT based on a parallel light collimator. The minimum accuracy of the designed nutator was 0.145 μm, the maximum nutation radius R was 20.09 μm, and the maximum nutation bandwidth was 20 kHz, as determined through simulation. Finally, the design parameters of the nutator were evaluated. The PCT-based fiber optic nutator, which met the design parameters, structurally replaced the fiber optic coupling component FSM and fine tracking camera in conventional APT systems successfully. Therefore, the PCT-based fiber optic nutator allows the active coupling control of signal light to a single-mode fiber (SMF) based on energy feedback on a theoretical basis and promotes the lightweight design of relay optical paths in APT systems. In addition, with future work in optimization of the nutation control algorithm, the scanning range and accuracy of the nutator can be improved.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Kumar, Manoj, Dr Ashutosh Kumar Singh, Dr Chandan Kumar, and Sanjay Chauhan. "A Review on Underwater Wireless Optical Communication and Effect on Information Exchange." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 008 (2024): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem37077.

Full text

Abstract:

Underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) has attracted increasing interest in various underwater activities because of its order-of-magnitude higher bandwidth compared to acoustic and radio- frequency technologies. Practical pre-aligned UWOC links were constructed for physical layer evaluation, which verified that UWOC systems can operate at tens of gigabits per second or close to a hundred meters of distance. This holds promise for realizing a globally connected Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT). However, due to the fundamental complexity of the ocean water environment, there are considerable practical challenges in establishing reliable UWOC links. Thus, in addition to providing an exhaustive overview of recent advances in UWOC, this paper addresses various underwater challenges and offers insights into the solutions. In particular, oceanic turbulence, which induces scintillation and misalignment in underwater links, is one of the key factors in degrading UWOC performance. Novel solutions are proposed to ease the requirements on pointing, acquisition, and tracking (PAT) for establishing robustness in UWOC links. The solutions include light-scattering-based non-line-of-sight (NLOS) communication modality as well as PAT-relieving scintillating-fiber-based photoreceiver and large- photovoltaic cells as the optical signal detectors. Naturally, the dual-function photovoltaic–photodetector device readily offers a means of energy harvesting for powering up the future IoUT sensors. Key Words Underwater Wireless Optical Communications (UWOCs), Link Configuration, feasibility analysis, link budget and communication range.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Gao, Bo, Hongtao Yang, Weining Chen, Hao Wang, Jiaqi Fei, and Zimiao Qi. "Multi-objective Topoloy Optimization of Acquisition Pointing and Tracking System." International Journal of Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence, April 10, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218001424560032.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Han, Yaquan, Jihe Wang, Haifeng Huang, Jun Sun, and Yue Sun. "Attitude control and laser link acquisition strategy for a large-scale distributed satellite system with super long distance." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, June 16, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-07-2021-0221.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose This study aims to establish the laser links between satellites among large-scale distributed satellite systems; a combined attitude control strategy containing two stages is proposed in this paper. Design/methodology/approach These two stages are: one is the attitude initial pointing control to change the attitude of satellite pointing to the other satellite based on the position information of each satellite; the other one is the high precision attitude tracking control to scan the uncertainty cone because the initial pointing control accuracy is not enough to establish the laser link. At the initial pointing control stage, a method to determine the target attitude of each satellite is presented based on the position information of each satellite, and the fuzzy adaptive control algorithm is used to control the satellites to its calculated attitude. Then, at the high precision attitude tracking control stage, a strategy for laser link acquisition and scanning the uncertainty cone by the lasers of the spacecraft is proposed, and an angular velocity tracking scanning controller is designed while the convergence of the attitude tracking error is ensured through Lyapunov–Krasovskii theory. Findings Simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm, and the laser link for a large-scale distributed satellite system with super long distance is achieved through a combined attitude control strategy. Research limitations/implications A combined attitude control strategy is valid for a large-scale distributed satellite system with super long distance. Practical implications A combined attitude control strategy can be used to achieve laser link acquisition for a large-scale distributed satellite system like space gravitational wave detection. Originality/value A combined attitude control strategy can provide a way to solve the typical problem that pointing control accuracy is not enough to establish the laser link for a large-scale distributed satellite system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Acquisition Pointing Tracking'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles