Journal articles: 'ACRA project'

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Grabner, Isabella, Judith Künneke, and Frank Moers. "FAR Research Project: The loss of talent: a threat for audit quality?" Maandblad Voor Accountancy en Bedrijfseconomie 91, no. 9/10 (October 12, 2017): 268–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/mab.91.24052.

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The main priority of the audit industry is to maintain and improve audit quality. While audit quality has been an important topic in both accounting academia and practice, there is still a lack of understanding of what drives audit quality. Given that people are the most valuable asset an audit firm has, we focus on examining the labor inputs as a driver of audit quality. Specifically, we argue that a key threat for audit quality that so far has been largely neglected is the loss of talent across the hierarchy. A well-known problem for audit firms is that they invest enormous resources in new professionals only to have many with talent leave (Patten, 1995; Vera-Muñoz, Ho & Chow, 2006; ACCA & ACRA, 2012). A recent survey by the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants finds that only about 38% are satisfied with their career and only 35% plan to stay beyond three years, with no significant differences across Big 4 and midtier firms (ACCA and ACRA, 2012).

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Sorlini, S., D. Palazzini, A. Mbawala, M. B. Ngassoum, and M. C. Collivignarelli. "Is drinking water from ‘improved sources’ really safe? A case study in the Logone valley (Chad-Cameroon)." Journal of Water and Health 11, no. 4 (July 11, 2013): 748–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2013.017.

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Within a cooperation project coordinated by the Association for Rural Cooperation in Africa and Latin America (ACRA) Foundation, water supplies were sampled across the villages of the Logone valley (Chad-Cameroon) mostly from boreholes, open wells, rivers and lakes as well as from some piped water. Microbiological analyses and sanitary inspections were carried out at each source. The microbiological quality was determined by analysis of indicators of faecal contamination, Escherichia coli, Enterococci and Salmonellae, using the membrane filtration method. Sanitary inspections were done using WHO query forms. The assessment confirmed that there are several parameters of health concern in the studied area; bacteria of faecal origins are the most significant. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) classification and E. coli measurement are not sufficient to state water safety. In fact, in the studied area, JMP defined ‘improved sources’ may provide unsafe water depending on their structure and sources without E. coli may have Enterococci and Salmonellae. Sanitary inspections also revealed high health risks for some boreholes. In other cases, sources with low sanitary risk and no E. coli were contaminated by Enterococci and Salmonellae. Better management and protection of the sources, hygiene improvement and domestic water treatment before consumption are possible solutions to reduce health risks in the Logone valley.

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Ansah, Joseph Ampofo, and Christine Ampofo-Ansah. "The Causes of Low Success Rate of Public Sector Projects as Compared to the Private Sector In Ghana- The Study Area of Greater Accra Region." International Journal of Technology and Management Research 2, no. 2 (March 12, 2020): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.47127/ijtmr.v2i2.59.

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The issue of project failure is alarming in Ghana and this experience has persisted for a long time. However, some projects undertaken by private organizations are able to chalk successes more often. This study therefore examines the causes of low success rate of project completion in both the public and private sectors in Ghana, study area of Greater Accra Region. The research intends to analyze how the setting of project goals, project scope, project budget, monitoring and feedback, meeting stakeholders’ expectations and project management practice influence completion of projects in both public and private sectors. Both qualitative and quantitative techniques were used for collecting and analyzing the data. The stratified sampling technique was employed and out a total of 200 questionnaires administered to respondents. 158 questionnaires representing 79% were retrieved. Regression and correlation analysis were used in analyzing the data collected, based upon which conclusions were drawn. The findings of the research were that setting project goals, monitoring and feedback and project management practice are the most influential factors in successful completion of projects in both sectors. The study has made recommendations in the article to guide project implementation Key Words: Project Management, Success factors, Project goals, Project budget, Monitoring and Feedback

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Li, Junfeng, and Zhongwen Zhai. "Correlative Study of Accra Water Supply Project." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 631 (January 7, 2021): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/631/1/012049.

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Hendricks, Benjamin K., and Robert F. Spetzler. "Orbitozygomatic Approach Clipping of an Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm: 2-Dimensional Operative Video." Operative Neurosurgery 18, no. 5 (February 26, 2020): E160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ons/opaa021.

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Abstract Anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms can orient rostrally into the interhemispheric fissure or caudally into the optic chiasm. The majority of these aneurysms project into the interhemispheric fissure. This patient had an ACoA aneurysm with a multilobulated appearance, and the primary lobe projected into the interhemispheric fissure. The cisterns were opened sharply via an orbitozygomatic approach to permit proximal, distal, and neck control. A permanent clip was applied across the aneurysm neck and on a small contralateral aneurysm. Postoperative imaging confirmed complete aneurysm occlusion. The patient gave informed consent for surgery and video recording. Institutional review board approval was deemed unnecessary. Used with permission from Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona.

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Antoniou, Nicola, Jill Marshall, Alexander Gilder, and Rabia Nasimi. "Royal Holloway, University of London and the Afghanistan and Central Asian Association: New Partnerships and Challenges During COVID-19 in the Clinical Legal World." International Journal of Public Legal Education 4, no. 2 (December 11, 2020): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijple.v4i2.1068.

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In January 2020, Royal Holloway, University of London set up a new Legal Advice Centre offering free legal advice to the local community, including building upon key partnerships to address unmet legal needs. This practice-paper discusses Royal Holloway’s Legal Advice Centre (LAC) and the Afghanistan and Central Asian Association’s (ACCA) collaborative approach and response to the global pandemic since March 2020. It will highlight the unprecedented challenges that they have faced, and their efforts to overcome them. In addition, the paper will discuss their research project, which provides Royal Holloway’s student volunteers with the opportunity to gain unique multidisciplinary understandings of the effect of the pandemic in Afghanistan, and a chance to put their legal skills into practice by producing legal information to support local users of both Royal Holloway’s LAC and the Law Clinic at the ACAA. This practice-paper includes a road map to Royal Holloway’s long-term goal, namely, to work with ACAA to research the legal vulnerabilities of women in Afghanistan, with the aid of a research grant supporting international collaboration. Recent reports highlight that lockdown and quarantine measures will have a long-term impact on the basic rights and freedoms of Afghan women, who already face hardship.

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Akinradewo, Opeoluwa Israel, Clinton Ohis Aigbavboa, and Ayodeji Emmanuel Oke. "Improving accuracy of road projects’ estimates in the Ghanaian construction industry." Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction 25, no. 3 (July 29, 2020): 407–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfmpc-11-2019-0087.

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Purpose The inaccuracy of preliminary estimates sometimes results in wasted development effort if the project is abandoned. To curb this menace, this study aims to assess the different measures to improve the accuracy of road project estimates. Design/methodology/approach Quantitative research design was used for this study, and questionnaire was designed to retrieve data from the target population. Engineers and quantity surveyors in Accra, Ghana formed the target population and were contacted by using an e-questionnaire through their professional bodies owing to location constraints. Descriptive and exploratory factor analyses were used in analysing the retrieved data. Mann–Whitney U non-parametric test was also used to compare the opinions of the respondents. Findings The study revealed that factors categorised as due diligence by estimator should be given more attention for accuracy of estimates to be improved. Research limitations/implications This study was limited to Accra, Ghana owing to time and distance constraint. Practical implications Proper consideration must be given to preliminary site investigation when preparing the estimates for road projects. This will provide the estimator with information on the physical features of the project environment. Originality/value Defined clusters of measures to improve estimate accuracy as highlighted in this study rather than merely ranked variables which are done by previous research studies will set the tone and provide insights for effective stakeholders’ actions. The study also bridges the gap between theory and practice by outlining how the findings can be implemented practically to achieve more accurate preliminary estimate for road projects. With efforts aligned with the core characteristics of each cluster, accuracy can be improved.

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Amoatey, Charles, and Mawuena Vincent Kodzo Hayibor. "Critical success factors for local government project stakeholder management." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 7, no. 2 (May 11, 2017): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-07-2016-0030.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the critical success factors (CSFs) for effective project stakeholder management at the local government level in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach The study used data from questionnaires administered to project stakeholders for identifying and ranking CSFs. Findings The study identified the top five CSFs for stakeholder management at the local government level in Ghana to be: communicating with and engaging stakeholders; identifying stakeholders properly; formulating a clear project mission statement; keeping and promoting good relationships; and analyzing stakeholder conflicts and coalitions. Research limitations/implications Generalization of the findings should be done with caution since the scope of data collection was limited to district assemblies in the Greater Accra region of Ghana. Nevertheless the results of the study are, however, useful and indicative and can lend direction to future research. Practical implications This paper has contributed to the growing body of knowledge related to CSFs for local government projects. The results should help understand factors which are of priority to stakeholders when assessing their involvement in projects. Further, the findings could form the basis for competency development of local government personnel in specific areas where improvements are required. Originality/value The paper identified CSFs for effective project stakeholder management at the local level. Most studies on critical factors in project environments have focused on CSFs and project success and thus this study delves into an area which has not received much attention in the literature.

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9

Poole, Norman, and Peter Hughes. "A training experience to remember: working in Ghana." Psychiatric Bulletin 33, no. 9 (September 2009): 353–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.108.020172.

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Aims and MethodAs part of a pilot project, one of the authors spent 3 months undertaking clinical work, teaching and research in a large psychiatric hospital in Accra, Ghana. the other acted as a UK-based mentor. Both report on the training value of the experience.ResultsIt was possible to assimilate into the local healthcare system and effect some modest but sustainable changes. the experience broadened the trainee's understanding of psychiatry, cultural influences and healthcare systems, while also developing autonomy and resilience.Clinical ImplicationsThe post is now an option available to trainees on the rotation. Projects in training and service delivery to benefit the host institution have been identified.

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Adu-Gyamfi, Kwame, and Emmanuel Opoku. "Climate Change as an Emerging Component of Project Risk in the Agriculture Sector: An Empirical Assessment." International Business Research 9, no. 11 (October 24, 2016): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v9n11p215.

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Conditions of climate change are increasingly affecting projects, especially Agriculture projects, across the world. In this situation, climate change could pose a major risk factor in sectors such as the Agriculture sector. This paper empirically examines climate change indicators as a correlated factor of traditional risk factors. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect data from 265 farmers affiliated to manufacturing organizations in Accra. Factor Analysis (Principal Components) and Pearson’s correlation test were used to present findings. We found that all indicators of the traditional and climate change factor produced a communality value of not less than 0.50. Moreover the climatic factor significantly correlates with the traditional factors at 5% significance level. It is therefore concluded that climate change is an emerging component of project risks.

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Tirkkonen-Condit, Sonja. "EU PROJECT PROPOSALS AS HYBRID TEXTS: OBSERVATIONS FROM A FINNISH RESEARCH PROJECT." Across Languages and Cultures 2, no. 2 (September 2001): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/acr.2.2001.2.9.

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12

Akinradewo, Opeoluwa, Clinton Aigbavboa, and Ayodeji Oke. "Accuracy of road construction preliminary estimate: examining the influencing factors." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 10, no. 5 (June 19, 2020): 657–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-11-2019-0101.

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PurposePreparation of preliminary estimate is difficult owing to the lack of full project details in the early phases of the construction project. This paper seeks to assess the estimation techniques used for road projects and the critical factors affecting their accuracy in the Ghanaian construction industry.Design/methodology/approachQuantitative research design was adopted and questionnaire was designed to retrieve data. The target population were engineers and quantity surveyors who were contacted using an e-questionnaire through their professional bodies owing to location constraints. Retrieved data were analysed using descriptive and exploratory factor analysis. In order to compare the opinions of the respondents, the Mann–Whitney U-test was employed.FindingsThe survey revealed that subjective, parametric, comparative and analytical estimations are in use in Ghana. The most critical factors influencing the accuracy of estimation techniques are improper project planning, insufficient preliminary site investigation and usage of shortcuts, among others.Research limitations/implicationsThis study was limited to Accra, Ghana, due to time and distance constraint.Practical implicationsFor accuracy of preliminary estimates to be improved, estimators being the custodian of the estimate are expected to be devoid of errors such as arithmetic calculation errors, inaccurate quantity measurement and error of omission. The usage of estimating software can eliminate these human errors.Originality/valueThe study will assist policymakers and stakeholders in aligning mitigative actions for factors influencing preliminary estimate of road projects with defined clusters rather than basic ranks. With attention focussed on the characteristics of each cluster, accuracy of preliminary estimate can be improved.

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Antoniou, Nicola, Jill Marshall, Alexander Gilder, and Rabia Nasimi. "Royal Holloway, University of London and the Afghanistan and Central Asian Association: New Partnerships and Challenges During COVID-19 in the Clinical Legal World." International Journal of Clinical Legal Education 27, no. 4 (December 11, 2020): 155–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijcle.v27i4.1058.

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In January 2020, Royal Holloway, University of London set up a new Legal Advice Centre offering free legal advice to the local community, including building upon key partnerships to address unmet legal needs. This practice-paper discusses Royal Holloway’s Legal Advice Centre (LAC) and the Afghanistan and Central Asian Association’s (ACCA) collaborative approach and response to the global pandemic since March 2020. It will highlight the unprecedented challenges that they have faced, and their efforts to overcome them. In addition, the paper will discuss their research project, which provides Royal Holloway’s student volunteers with the opportunity to gain unique multidisciplinary understandings of the effect of the pandemic in Afghanistan, and a chance to put their legal skills into practice by producing legal information to support local users of both Royal Holloway’s LAC and the Law Clinic at the ACAA.This practice-paper includes a road map to Royal Holloway’s long-term goal, namely, to work with ACAA to research the legal vulnerabilities of women in Afghanistan, with the aid of a research grant supporting international collaboration. Recent reports highlight that lockdown and quarantine measures will have a long-term impact on the basic rights and freedoms of Afghan women, who already face hardship.

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Amponsah, Fred, Jeff Turner, Margaret Grieco, Andrews Kwablah, and Paul Guitink. "Commercial Use of Nonmotorized Transport: Evidence from Accra, Ghana." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1563, no. 1 (January 1996): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196156300101.

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The traders of Accra, Ghana, continue to make use of hand-pushed and hand-pulled carts for moving their stock across the city. These non-motorized forms of transport play a key role in a low-income economy; developing economies, with their large informal sectors and plentiful supply of petty-trading enterprises, contain a preponderance of enterprises having restricted capital bases, a condition that requires the use of low-cost transportation. The bicycle, although well suited to the small-load requirements of much petty trading, is not regarded as a suitable mode of transport for women, who make up the majority of Ghana's traders. A World Bank project designed to support and promote models of nonmotorized transportation is being implemented. The practices and prospects of the commercial use of nonmotorized transport in Ghana is discussed, the World Bank project that supports and promotes these transportation modes is described, and the appropriateness of nonmotorized transportation modes for developing economies is discussed.

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Chrupała, Grzegorz. "Perl Scripting in Translation Project Management." Across Languages and Cultures 4, no. 1 (May 2003): 109–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/acr.4.2003.1.6.

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G. Djokoto, Justice. "Characteristics of Foreign Direct Investment into Agriculture in Ghana." International Journal of Technology and Management Research 1, no. 1 (February 17, 2020): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47127/ijtmr.v1i1.11.

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The paper investigated the characteristics of foreign direct investment( FDI) to Ghana's agriculture by examining the flow of funds, projects, employment and possible pre-independence legacies in FDI inflows from Ghana's former partners in colonial relationships and the slave trade. Using moving averages, percentages, cross tabulations and chi-squares tests, to data from 1994-2010, the following conclusions were drawn; a) FDI flows, measured by estimated cost of projects remained stable and low for most part of 1994-2010. However, huge jumps were witnessed after 2008, coinciding with Ghana's second time of successful and peaceful transfer of political power to another government; b) Clustering of agricultural projects in Greater Accra Region, c) a strong attraction of large FDI firms for the crops subsector; d) 75% of the FDI projects are SMEs; e) Among European countries, Ghana's former slave and colonial masters, Britain, Netherlands and Denmark contribute most FDI projects to Ghana's agriculture. Volta Region has strong attraction for projects from Germany. Strategies need to be designed to attract projects beyond Greater Accra, where poverty reduction may be better felt. Keywords: FDI;Agriculture;Employment;Distribution;Projects.

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Plageman, Nate. "Colonial Ambition, Common Sense Thinking, and the Making of Takoradi Harbor, Gold Coast." History in Africa 40, no. 1 (June 28, 2013): 317–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/hia.2013.8.

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AbstractThroughout the 1920s, British officials in London and Accra dedicated considerable time and bureaucratic energy to the planning and construction of Takoradi harbor, an ambitious project that, they expected, would revolutionize the Gold Coast’s economic prospects. But by 1930, their efforts had created a structure beset with constructional defects, considerable flaws, and financial shortcomings. This article seeks to explain the sizeable gap separating Takoradi-envisioned from Takoradi-realized by examining the massive paper record compiled during the harbor’s planning and construction. Demonstrating that the structure was born largely from illusion, affect, and a particular version of “common sense” thinking, it encourages historians to not only give further attention to the detailed, and often overwhelming, corpus of blueprints, reports, and correspondence that such projects engendered, but to use them to reflect upon the ways in which colonial statecraft actually sought to limit, rather than expand, the knowledge it had at its disposal.

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Hendricks, Benjamin K., and Robert F. Spetzler. "Intraoperative Rerupture and Surgical Clipping of a Small Superiorly Projecting Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm: 2-Dimensional Operative Video." Operative Neurosurgery 19, no. 3 (May 4, 2020): E288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ons/opaa113.

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Abstract Anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms are prone to rupture even at smaller sizes. The surgical management of ACoA aneurysms is highly dependent on the spatial orientation of the saccular projection, categorized as inferior, superior, anterior, or posterior. Superior projecting aneurysms constitute approximately one-third of all aneurysms involving the ACoA. These aneurysms commonly project within the interhemispheric fissure; however, if the aneurysm is not high-riding, it can often be approached via a transsylvian trajectory. The patient presented after subarachnoid hemorrhage with a 3-mm superiorly projecting ACoA aneurysm. The lesion was approached via a right modified orbitozygomatic craniotomy with a transsylvian trajectory. The aneurysm reruptured after minimal manipulation of the dome. Mitigation of the intraoperative rupture was achieved through temporary clip application to bilateral A1 vessels. Bipolar coagulation and placement of 2 permanent clips facilitated final aneurysm occlusion. Postoperative imaging demonstrated patent bilateral A2 flow and no residual aneurysm filling. The patient gave informed consent for surgery and video recording. Institutional review board approval was deemed unnecessary. Used with permission from Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona.

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Brunette, Louise, Chantal Gagnon, and Jonathan Hine. "The GREVIS Project: Revise or Court Calamity." Across Languages and Cultures 6, no. 1 (April 2005): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/acr.6.2005.1.3.

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Asante, Lewis Abedi, Alexander Sasu, Jonathan Zinzi Ayitey, and Naana Amakie Boakye-Agyeman. "The Achimota Transport Terminal in Accra: A Model Urban Regeneration Project in Ghana?" Journal of Sustainable Development 8, no. 9 (November 29, 2015): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v8n9p240.

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Over the years, government has spent millions of taxpayer’s monies to undertake urban regeneration projects (URPs) with the aim of combating the challenges of urban decay in Ghana. Several studies have argued that a number of these URPs have been left to deteriorate because there was no proper plan to maintain them. Amidst these challenges, the Achimota Transport Terminal (ATT) has been tagged as a ‘model URP in Ghana’. This paper finds out the reasons for the tag put on ATT. We adopted purposive, convenience and stratified sampling techniques to select the respondents for this study. We found two reasons for the tag on ATT – one being that the managers of ATT strictly adhere to routine and preventive maintenance practices. However, corrective maintenance was deferred. The other reason is that the terminal meets the physical (adequate parking space, availability of waiting sheds), social (creation of employment, reduction in theft cases and available cars to all destinations in Accra and beyond) and environmental (improved sanitation) dimensions of urban regeneration. Nevertheless, same cannot be said about the economic dimension (low daily sales, high maintenance cost). About 90 percent of the drivers complained vehemently of low daily sales at the terminal. We believe that delaying corrective maintenance when needed may not only mean additional cost when repairs are finally done but has the likelihood of plunging the terminal into a poor state within a short period. Additionally, since the terminal in question is serving as a model for future terminals, planning and designing of such future terminals should aim at meeting all the dimensions of urban regeneration to enhance its usage and sustainability.

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Oteng-Ababio, Martin. "Beyond technical details: The stalled Kwabenya Engineered Sanitary Landfill Project in Accra, Ghana." Geografisk Tidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography 111, no. 2 (January 2011): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00167223.2011.10669531.

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Saputra, Yulius, and Ahmad Junaidi. "Pola Aliran Informasi antara Pekerja Lepas dengan Pimpinan di PT. Idea Creative Convex (Analisis Kasus Kirab Obor Asian Games 2018)." Koneksi 3, no. 1 (December 6, 2019): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/kn.v3i1.6220.

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Penelitian yang penulis teliti mengenai pola aliran informasi. Pola aliran informasi memiliki lima pola dasar. Pola aliran inforamasinya adalah pola rantai, roda, y, lingkaran, semua saluran. Subjek yang diteliti oleh penulis adalah tenaga kerja lepas dengan pimpinan pada PT. Idea Creative Convex yang menjalankan acara kirab obor Asian Games 2018. Penggunaan pekerja lepas yang banyak dan hasil kerja yang baik merupakan hal yang menjadi fokus pada penelitian ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Peneliti melakukan pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara, dokumen. Narasumber yang dipilih mewakilan 2 pihak antara project manager dan project officer selaku pimpinan pada perusahaan tersebut dengan kepala divisi torch technical,logistik selaku pekerja lepas pada perusahaan ini. Kesimpulan yang didapatkan oleh peneliti adalah penggunaan pola aliran informasi pada perusahaan ini menggunakan 2 pola gabungan antara pola aliran informasi rantai dengan pola aliran informasi roda. Gambaran pola dari pola gabungan tersebut mirip dengan batang akar pohon. Perubahan pola aliran informasi tersebut dikondisikan dengan gangguan atau halangan pada saat pelaksanaan acara kirab obor berlangsung.

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Tsurkan, Marina, Svetlana Andreeva, Maria Lyubarskaya, Vadim Chekalin, and Galina Lapushinskaya. "Organizational and financial mechanisms for implementation of the projects in the field of increasing the energy efficiency of the regional economy." Problems and Perspectives in Management 15, no. 3 (December 9, 2017): 453–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.15(3-2).2017.13.

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Nowadays budgetary funds still prevail among sources of financing of the projects in the area of increasing the energy efficiency of the regional economy in the Russian Federation. For example, in the Tver region in 2016, 82% of the projects for the modernization of the heat supply infrastructure and 100% for the modernization of the electricity supply infrastructure were implemented at the expense of the budget. At the same time, there is a decrease in the total amount of state financing of energy efficiency projects due to a high proportion of the budget deficit of the subjects of the Russian Federation. According to the agency ACRA (information dated April, 12, 2017 at www.acra-ratings.ru), 58 out of 85 regional budgets for 2017 were accepted with a total deficit of 193 billion rubles. At the same time, the urgency of applying organizational and financial mechanisms for the implementation of energy efficient projects involving alternative financing is growing. The article systematizes the views on the perspective mechanisms for implementing projects in the field of increasing the energy efficiency of the regional economy, including taking into account the analysis of problems of their application in the example of the Tver region. The authors studied existing organizational and financial mechanisms for energy-efficient projects, including public private and municipal private partnerships, and the Local Initiatives Support Program.

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Bhowmik, Rajarshi Das, A. Sankarasubramanian, Tushar Sinha, Jason Patskoski, G. Mahinthakumar, and Kenneth E. Kunkel. "Multivariate Downscaling Approach Preserving Cross Correlations across Climate Variables for Projecting Hydrologic Fluxes." Journal of Hydrometeorology 18, no. 8 (July 21, 2017): 2187–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-16-0160.1.

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Abstract Most of the currently employed procedures for bias correction and statistical downscaling primarily consider a univariate approach by developing a statistical relationship between large-scale precipitation/temperature with the local-scale precipitation/temperature, ignoring the interdependency between the two variables. In this study, a multivariate approach, asynchronous canonical correlation analysis (ACCA), is proposed and applied to global climate model (GCM) historic simulations and hindcasts from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) to downscale monthly precipitation and temperature over the conterminous United States. ACCA is first applied to the CNRM-CM5 GCM historical simulations for the period 1950–99 and compared with the bias-corrected dataset based on quantile mapping from the Bureau of Reclamation. ACCA is also applied to CNRM-CM5 hindcasts and compared with univariate asynchronous regression (ASR), which applies regular regression to sorted GCM and observed variables. ACCA performs better than ASR and quantile mapping in preserving the cross correlation at grid points where the observed cross correlations are significant while reducing fractional biases in mean and standard deviation. Results also show that preservation of cross correlation increases the bias in standard deviation slightly, but estimates observed precipitation and temperature with increased likelihood, particularly for months exhibiting significant cross correlation. ACCA also better estimates the joint likelihood of observed precipitation and temperature under hindcasts since hindcasts estimate the observed variability in precipitation better. Implications of preserving cross correlations across climate variables for projecting runoff and other land surface fluxes are also discussed.

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Hasanti, Innaka Dwi. "Hambatan Komunikasi Event Project Team dengan Account Executive pada Perusahaan Jasa Event Organizer Twisbless." Journal of Servite 1, no. 2 (January 16, 2021): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37535/102001220195.

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Berhasilnya sebuah event membutuhkan komunikasi yang baik antara tim project dan account executive pada perusahaan jasa event organizer. Project Team bertugas mengeksekusi acara di lapangan sedangkan tugas account executive adalah menjaga komunikasi antara tim internal perusahaan dengan kliennya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui arus komunikasi organisasi yang diterapkan tim project dan account executive di Event OrganizerTwisbless, serta untuk mengetahui hambatan komunikasi organisasi di perusahaan jasa Twisbless. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori komunikasi organisasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Subjek penelitiannya adalah karyawan Twisbless yang berperan sebagai tim project dan account executive. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara dan observasi terhadap empat informan. Komunikasi organisasi yang diterapkan tim project dan account executive di Twisbless meliputi komunikasi internal dan eksternal. Komunikasi internal terbagi empat arus: komunikasi arus atas, komunikasi arus bawah, komunikasi diagonal, dan komunikasi horizontal. Terdapat hambatan pada proses komunikasi organisasi yaitu gangguan teknis, semantik, rintangan fisik, psikologi dan rintangan kerangka berpikir sehingga menimbulkan kendala dan dampak yang berpengaruh terhadap kelancaran suatu event.

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Negro, Viviana, and Davide Mainero. "An integrated approach to energy use: the case study of the ACEA site." E3S Web of Conferences 119 (2019): 00023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911900023.

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Currently, ACEA utilises biogas obtained from the treatment of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste for thermal and electric energy recovery through endothermic engines (3 MW, in total). By 2020, the biogas produced at the site will no longer be used as a fuel for the combined heat and power units, but it is expected to feed a purification system in order to obtain a flow of biomethane to be injected into the natural gas network. This is part of the Italian strategy to achieve the Horizon 2020 European targets aimed at promoting the renewable production of transport fuels. In order to encourage sustainability and innovative prototype technologies, ACEA has also been involved in some European research projects, in particular for the conversion of biogas into other energy carriers. furthermore, ACEA ha recently built a flexible experimental platform that can used for the validation step of prototypes in an industrial field.

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D’Onofrio, Grazia, Laura Fiorini, Marleen de Mul, Isabelle Fabbricotti, Yasuo Okabe, Hiroshi Hoshino, Raffaele Limosani, et al. "Agile Co-Creation for Robots and Aging (ACCRA) Project: new technological solutions for older people." European Geriatric Medicine 9, no. 6 (September 6, 2018): 795–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41999-018-0106-7.

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Hernández, Gastón Lefranc. "Preface." International Journal of Computers Communications & Control 1, no. 2 (April 10, 2006): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2006.2.2279.

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It is an honor for me to introduce you a list of papers selected from the XVI Congress of ACCA (Asociación Chilena de Control Automático, Chilean Association of Automatic Control), done in Santiago of Chile at the end of 2004, in its 30 years of existence. Since 1974, ACCA organize Congress (every 2 years), Tutorial Courses for continuing education, Seminars, Workshops, Exposition of Systems and Equipments and our Magazine Automatica and Innovation. All of these activities have results: important influence in all ambits, consolidating to ACCA as a point of meeting of people from industries, from private and public institutions, from the academics world, from suppliers of systems and equipments, and professional from all Latin America . In 1976, ACCA had its first Program Committee to select papers, and its first Proceedings. This Congress was organized by ACCA, IEEE Chilean Chapter on Control, Robotics and Cybernetics, IFAC and its Technical Committees, and the Universidad de Las Américas, Chile. ACCA is NMO of IFAC since 1984. ACCA Congress had Keynotes Speakers for Plenary: Dr. François Vernadat from France, Dr. Florin Filip from Romania, Dr. Shimon Nof from USA and Dr. Philippe Dupont, from France. A Round Table was organised to discuss about productivity, interested in Chile and Latin American professionals. The 46 accepted papers selected by the International Program Committee, were presented in Technical Sessions where new ideas, critical comments, and the beginning of cooperation leading to future projects will take place. The papers come from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Cuba and México. The International Program Committee selected 10 papers as the best of this Congress, to be published in “International Journal of Computers, Communications & Control”. The papers are in areas of artificial intelligence, vision, manufacturing, pattern recognition and robotics. ACCA wants to say thanks to Dr. Florin Filip to permit to show the activities in Chile and Latin America, oriented to improve and to solve our own problems. It is pleasure to introduce you to this Special Issue Conference dedicated to ACCA in its 30 years.

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Rudin, Ronald. "The Hidden Life of Monuments: Reflections from the Lost Stories Project." Acadiensis: Journal of the History of the Atlantic Region / Revue d’histoire de la region atlantique 48, no. 1 (2019): 111–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aca.2019.0005.

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Ebrahimian, Mojtaba. "The Coup." American Journal of Islam and Society 31, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v31i2.1038.

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In his most recent work, The Coup: 1953, the CIA, and the Roots of ModernU. S.-Iranian Relations, Ervand Abrahamian (Distinguished Professor of Iranianand Middle Eastern History, Baruch College of the City University, NewYork) recounts a definitive moment of modern Iranian history that overshadowsIranian-American relations to this day. Drawing on a remarkable varietyof sources – accessible Iranian official documents, the Foreign Office andState Department files, memoirs and biographies, newspaper articles publishedduring the crisis, recent Persian-language books published in Iran, aCIA report leaked in 2000 known as “the Wilber document,” and two contemporaryoral history projects (the Iranian Oral History Project at HarvardUniversity and the Iranian Left history project in Berlin) – the author providesa detailed and thorough account of the 1953 coup.Challenging the dominant consensus among academicians and politicalanalysts that the coup transpired because of the Cold War rivalries betweenthe West and the Soviet Union, he locates it within the paradigms of the clashbetween an old imperialism and a burgeoning nationalism. He then traces itsorigins to Iran’s struggle to nationalize its oil industry and the Anglo-Americanalliance against this effort.The book is divided into four chapters. The first chapter, “Oil Nationalization,”narrates the history of Iran’s oil industry and various encounters betweenthe Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC) and the Iranians. The Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC), an English company founded in 1908 followingthe discovery of a large oil field in Masjed Soleiman in southern Iran, wasrenamed AIOC in 1935. AIOC gradually turned into a vital British asset andprovided its treasury with more than £24 million a year in taxes and £92 millionin foreign exchange in the first decades of the twentieth century ...

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Moon, Karam, Michael R. Levitt, Rami O. Almefty, Peter Nakaji, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Joseph M. Zabramski, Cameron G. McDougall, and Robert F. Spetzler. "Treatment of Ruptured Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms." Neurosurgery 77, no. 4 (June 25, 2015): 566–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/neu.0000000000000878.

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Abstract BACKGROUND: Ruptured anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms are heterogeneous intracranial aneurysms whose diverse morphological features influence treatment modality. OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical outcomes and complications of all ruptured ACoA aneurysms treated by clipping or coiling in a modern institutional trial. METHODS: All patients with ruptured ACoA aneurysms in the Barrow Ruptured Aneurysm Trial were included. Clinical follow-up at 1 and 3 years was analyzed; charts were reviewed for patient demographics, aneurysm characteristics, and in-hospital complications. RESULTS: This cohort included 130 patients (mean age, 52.5 years). Mean aneurysm size was 5.8 mm. Most aneurysm domes projected anteriorly (n = 52). After randomization and crossover, 91 ACoA aneurysms (70%) were clipped and 39 (30%) were coiled. Twenty-two patients (16.9%) initially randomized to coiling crossed over to clipping after evaluation. No patients crossed over from clipping to coiling. Characteristics precluding aneurysms from coiling included unfavorable dome-to-neck ratio, lesions difficult to access by catheter, and branch vessel involvement. Aneurysm size and dome projection were not significantly associated with treatment group, clinical outcome, or retreatment. No significant difference existed in clinical outcome (modified Rankin Scale scores) between groups at discharge or at 1-year or 3-year follow-up using as-treated and intention-to-treat analyses. Retreatment was performed in 3 clipped patients (2.3%) and 3 coiled patients (2.3%). CONCLUSION: Ruptured ACoA aneurysms, regardless of size and projection, were safely treated by both treatment modalities in a large-scale randomized clinical trial. Clinical outcomes and stroke rates did not differ significantly in as-treated or intention-to-treat analyses.

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Hasanti, Innaka Dwi. "Komunikasi Organisasi Event Project Team dan Account Executive pada Event Organizer Twisbless." Warta ISKI 2, no. 01 (June 30, 2019): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25008/wartaiski.v2i01.29.

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Berhasilnya sebuah event membutuhkan komunikasi yang baik di antara tim project dan Account Executive yang terlibat dalam event tersebut. Project Team dalam sebuah event organizer yang bertugas untuk mengeksekusi acara di lapangan sedangkan tugas dari account executive adalah menjaga komunikasi antara tim internal perusahaan dengan kliennya serta menampung segala hal yang dibutuhkan dan diinginkan klien. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui arus komunikasi organisasi yang diterapkan oleh tim project dan account executive di Event Organizer Twisbless serta mengetahui hambatan komunikasi organisasi yang ada di Twisbless. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori komunikasi organisasi. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan Twisbless yang berperan sebagai tim project dan account executive. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara dan observasi terhadap empat orang narasumber yang bekerja di Twisbless. Temuan penelitian: komunikasi organisasi yang diterapkan oleh tim project dan account executive di Twisbless adalah komunikasi internal dan eksternal dimana komunikasi internal terbagi menjadi empat arus yaitu, komunikasi arus atas, komunikasi arus bawah, komunikasi diagonal, dan komunikasi horizontal. Lalu terdapat berbagai macam hambatan yang ada dalam proses komunikasi organisasi yaitu gangguan teknis, gangguan semantik, rintangan fisik, gangguan psikologi dan rintangan kerangka berpikir sehingga menimbulkan kendala dan dampak yang berpengaruh terhadap kelancaran suatu event.

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Soriano-Maldonado, Alberto, Jonatan R. Ruiz, Virginia A. Aparicio, Fernando Estévez-López, Víctor Segura-Jiménez, Inmaculada C. Álvarez-Gallardo, Ana Carbonell-Baeza, Manuel Delgado-Fernández, and Francisco B. Ortega. "Association of Physical Fitness With Pain in Women With Fibromyalgia: The al-Ándalus Project." Arthritis Care & Research 67, no. 11 (October 27, 2015): 1561–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acr.22610.

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Little, Peter C., and Grace Abena Akese. "Centering the Korle Lagoon: exploring blue political ecologies of E-Waste in Ghana." Journal of Political Ecology 26, no. 1 (August 1, 2019): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v26i1.22988.

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Among emerging studies of the global political economy and ecology of electronic waste (or e-waste), few directly explore the already complex waste trades and materialities in relation to the general political ecology of water, flood control, dredging, and neoliberal ecological restoration. Even fewer focus on how this political-ecological challenge is unfolding in a West African context where ocean-based e-waste trades have played a dominant role. This article engages this particular domain of blue economic critique by focusing on Ghana in general and what we shall call "blue political ecologies of e-waste" in particular. The article focuses on e-waste politics unfolding in and around the Korle Lagoon in Accra, Ghana. The Korle Lagoon is an urban marine space of intensive land use, toxic waste disposal, social life, and urban ecological restoration. Amidst heavy contamination, there are attempts to rehabilitate the lagoon through the Korle Lagoon Ecological Restoration Project, an ecological science and restoration project focused on the Lagoon and its river system in the metropolitan area of Accra. It showcases the neoliberal complexities of ecological restoration. Importantly, situated in a multi-use marine environment, the project also highlights, we argue, a political ecological moment that is both about things 'blue', like water quality concerns, but also about other things non-blue such as contestation over land and housing, 'green' international NGO intervention on e-waste risk mitigation, and desires for new urban ecologies. Drawing on ethnographic research conducted between 2015 and 2018, this article contributes to blue political-ecological research and critique in Africa by asking: how do e-waste politics leak into discussions of the blue economy along the Korle Lagoon in Ghana? What are the promises and prospects of a blue political ecology of e-waste in general, and in Africa in particular?Key Words: Political ecology, Ghana, e-waste, lagoon contamination, ecological restoration

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Vincent, Ann, Brian D. Lahr, Frederick Wolfe, Daniel J. Clauw, Mary O. Whipple, Terry H. Oh, Debra L. Barton, and Jennifer St. Sauver. "Prevalence of Fibromyalgia: A Population-Based Study in Olmsted County, Minnesota, Utilizing the Rochester Epidemiology Project." Arthritis Care & Research 65, no. 5 (April 23, 2013): 786–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acr.21896.

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Allen, Kelli D., Yvonne M. Golightly, Leigh F. Callahan, Charles G. Helmick, Said A. Ibrahim, C. Kent Kwoh, Jordan B. Renner, and Joanne M. Jordan. "Race and Sex Differences in Willingness to Undergo Total Joint Replacement: The Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project." Arthritis Care & Research 66, no. 8 (July 28, 2014): 1193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acr.22295.

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Murphy, Louise B., Susan Moss, Barbara T. Do, Charles G. Helmick, Todd A. Schwartz, Kamil E. Barbour, Jordan Renner, William Kalsbeek, and Joanne M. Jordan. "Annual Incidence of Knee Symptoms and Four Knee Osteoarthritis Outcomes in the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project." Arthritis Care & Research 68, no. 1 (December 21, 2015): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acr.22641.

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Barbour, Kamil E., Louise B. Murphy, Charles G. Helmick, Jennifer M. Hootman, Jordan B. Renner, and Joanne M. Jordan. "Bone Mineral Density and the Risk of Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis: The Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project." Arthritis Care & Research 69, no. 12 (November 2, 2017): 1863–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acr.23211.

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Selvakumar, S., K. Sivaji, and S. V. Smith. "Electron Momentum Distribution Mapping of Trans-Stilbene Projected to [101] by Positron 2D-ACAR." Physics Procedia 35 (2012): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2012.06.028.

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Gillis, JoAnn Zell, Pantelis Panopalis, Gabriela Schmajuk, Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman, and Jinoos Yazdany. "Systematic review of the literature informing the systemic lupus erythematosus indicators project: Reproductive health care quality indicators." Arthritis Care & Research 63, no. 1 (December 28, 2010): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acr.20327.

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Zambon, Sabina, Paola Siviero, Michael Denkinger, Federica Limongi, Maria Victoria Castell, Suzan van der Pas, Ángel Otero, et al. "Role of Osteoarthritis, Comorbidity, and Pain in Determining Functional Limitations in Older Populations: European Project on Osteoarthritis." Arthritis Care & Research 68, no. 6 (May 26, 2016): 801–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acr.22755.

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Simmering, Dietmar, Solomon Addai, Gunther Geller, and Annette Otte. "A university campus in peri-urban Accra (Ghana) as a haven for dry-forest species." Flora et Vegetatio Sudano-Sambesica 16 (December 1, 2013): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/fvss.16.21.

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Valley View University (VVU) is a private university located within the dry forest zone of the Accra plains; an area strongly affected by urban sprawl. The campus covers approx. 105 ha. Considerable portions of it are yet undeveloped and covered with savannah thickets. In 2002, the university has committed itself to become Africa's first "ecological university". In the context of two projects, substantial improvements have been made in terms of sanitation, water supply, energy-saving buildings and organic agriculture. The further development of the campus was designed in a detailed "ecological masterplan". In this context, we carried out a floristic inventory of the savannah thickets and found more than 100 plant species; the majority of which represent the species pool of the unique mixture of dry forest and savannah thicket species, which is typical for the region. As the remainder of dry forests and savannah thickets in the Accra plains become increasingly threatened by urban sprawl and overgrazing, the VVU administration has agreed to preserve the species-rich thickets. This is a valuable contribution to a more sustainable development of the region.

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Galuszka, Jakub. "Community-based approaches to settlement upgrading as manifested through the big ACCA projects in Metro Manila, Philippines." Environment and Urbanization 26, no. 1 (February 12, 2014): 276–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956247813517850.

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Dodoo and Ayarkwa. "Effects of Climate Change for Thermal Comfort and Energy Performance of Residential Buildings in a Sub-Saharan African Climate." Buildings 9, no. 10 (October 4, 2019): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings9100215.

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This study presents an analysis of the impacts of climate change on thermal comfort and energy performance of residential buildings in Ghana, in sub-Saharan Africa, and explores mitigation as well as adaptation strategies to improve buildings’ performance under climate change conditions. The performances of the buildings are analyzed for both recent and projected future climates for the Greater Accra and Ashanti regions of Ghana, using the IDA-ICE dynamic simulation software, with climate data from the Meteonorm global climate database. The results suggest that climate change will significantly influence energy performance and indoor comfort conditions of buildings in Ghana. However, effective building design strategies could significantly improve buildings’ energy and indoor climate performances under both current and future climate conditions. The simulations show that the cooling energy demand of the analyzed building in the Greater Accra region is 113.9 kWh/m2 for the recent climate, and this increases by 31% and 50% for the projected climates for 2030 and 2050, respectively. For the analyzed building in the Ashanti region, the cooling energy demand is 104.4 kWh/m2 for the recent climate, and this increases by 6% and 15% for the 2030 and 2050 climates, respectively. Furthermore, indoor climate and comfort deteriorate under the climate change conditions, in contrast to the recent conditions.

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Teye Amoatey, Charles, and Betty Asantewaa Anson. "Investigating the major causes of scope creep in real estate construction projects in Ghana." Journal of Facilities Management 15, no. 4 (September 4, 2017): 393–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfm-11-2016-0052.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the causes of scope creep on project completion in the real estate development industry in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach Both simple random sampling and convenience sampling techniques were used in selecting the respondents for the study. The respondents were experts working in the real estate development industry in Ghana. Findings Results from the study showed that the most critical factors that cause scope creep in the Ghanaian real estate development industry are client changes, unforeseen risks and unclear scope. Mitigating measures for addressing these factors were proposed. Research limitations/implications This paper is limited to causes of scope creep in the real estate development industry in Ghana based on data collected from only real estate development firms in Accra. Due to geographic constraints, the researcher was unable to sample real estate development companies across the entire country. The finding of this study may not be generalised since causes of scope creep can be unique to individual country contexts. Practical implication This paper has documented the critical causes of scope creep and its major impacts on project completion in the real estate development industry in Ghana. The results will help project managers in the industry to appreciate the causes of scope creep and its effect on project completion as well as increase the quality of economics on real estate management and reduce the costs and risks of housing of delivery in the country. Originality/value The paper examined the causes and mitigation of project scope creep in the Ghanaian context.

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마츠모토다케노리 and 정승진. "WATER MANAGEMENT PROJECTS AND FLOODS/ DROUGHTS IN COLONIAL KOREA: THE CASE OF THE MAN’GYŎNG RIVER IN THE HONAM PLAIN." Acta Koreana 20, no. 1 (June 2017): 173–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18399/acta.2017.20.1.008.

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Goode, Adam P., Rebecca J. Cleveland, Steven Z. George, Virginia B. Kraus, Todd A. Schwartz, Richard H. Gracely, Joanne M. Jordan, and Yvonne M. Golightly. "Different Phenotypes of Osteoarthritis in the Lumbar Spine Reflected by Demographic and Clinical Characteristics: The Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project." Arthritis Care & Research 72, no. 7 (June 11, 2020): 974–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acr.23918.

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Golightly, Yvonne M., Marian T. Hannan, Xiaoyan Amy Shi, Charles G. Helmick, Jordan B. Renner, and Joanne M. Jordan. "Association of foot symptoms with self-reported and performance-based measures of physical function: The Johnston County osteoarthritis project." Arthritis Care & Research 63, no. 5 (May 2011): 654–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/acr.20432.

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Oleribe, Obinna Ositadimma. "Improving Access to HIV and Sexual Reproductive Health Services for Key Populations along Nigeria’s Transport Corridors: The STOP Project." AIDS Clinical Research & STDs 4, no. 1 (June 16, 2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/acrs-7370/100011.

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Tuholske, Cascade, Kwaw Andam, Jordan Blekking, Tom Evans, and Kelly Caylor. "Comparing measures of urban food security in Accra, Ghana." Food Security 12, no. 2 (January 23, 2020): 417–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01011-4.

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AbstractThe urban population in Sub-Saharan Africa is projected to expand by nearly 800 million people in the next 30 years. How this rapid urban transition is affecting household-level urban food security, and reverberating into broader food systems, is poorly understood. To fill this gap, we use data from a 2017 survey (n = 668) of low- and middle-income residents of Accra, Ghana, to characterize and compare the predictors of household-level food security using three established metrics: the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS); the Household Food Insecurity Access Prevalence (HFIAP); and the Food Consumption Score (FCS). According to HFIAP, 70% of sampled households are food insecure, but only 2% fall below acceptable thresholds measured by FCS. Only one household reported sourcing food from modern supermarkets and fewer than 3% produce food for consumption through gardening, farming, or fishing. Instead, households rely on purchased food from traditional markets, local stalls and kiosks, and street hawkers. Results from a suite of general linear models show that household assets, education, and demographic characteristics are significantly associated with food security outcomes according to HFIAS and HFIAP. The poor correlation and weak model agreement between dietary recall such as FCS, and experience-based food security metrics, like HFIAS and HFIAP, highlight limitations of employing historically rural-centric food security measurement approaches within the urban context. Given that Sub-Saharan Africa’s future is urban, our results add empirical evidence in support of the growing chorus of scholars advocating for comprehensive urban-oriented food security research and policy agendas across Sub-Saharan Africa.

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Journal articles on the topic 'ACRA project'

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