Academic literature on the topic 'Acroleina'
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Journal articles on the topic "Acroleina"
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Cho, Eun Kang, Ye Eun Kim, and Sang Hyup Lee. "Review on the Synthesis and Biological Activities of Acrolein and Its Acetal Form." Yakhak Hoeji 68, no. 1 (2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17480/psk.2024.68.1.1.
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Acrolein (2-propenal) is the simplest α,β-unsaturated aldehyde. Humans are exposed to acrolein by smoking, burning woods, oil or fats in meats and vegetables, and by endogenous formation through lipid peroxidation. Acrolein is a highly electrophilic molecule, and readily reacts with nucleophilic biomolecules such as peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids. This high reactivity causes acrolein to have detrimental effects on human or bacteria. The syntheses of acrolein from several starting materials were described. Additionally, several acrolein derivatives and their synthetic process were described with particular emphasis on the acetal forms of acrolein. It is suggested that acrolein and its acetal forms need to be further investigated for medicinal properties.
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Strunz, George M., Richard Bethell, Glen Sampson та Peter White. "On the Baylis–Hillman reaction of acrylate, acrylonitrile, and acrolein with some non-enolizable α-dicarbonyl compounds: synthesis of phytotoxic bipolaroxin models". Canadian Journal of Chemistry 73, № 10 (1995): 1666–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v95-206.
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The Baylis–Hillman reaction of acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, and acrolein with several cyclic α-dicarbonyl compounds was investigated. Whereas acrylonitrile reacted with most of these ketones, giving good yields of the expected 1′-cyanovinyl carbinols, the more sterically demanding methyl acrylate failed to undergo the reaction. Attempted Baylis–Hillman reaction of acrolein with the 1,2-dicarbonyl substrates usually resulted in polymers but, in two cases, the desired α-substituted acroleins were obtained. An alternative route to such compounds was developed, employing a Grignard – allylic oxidation sequence. In bioassays, some of the products, embodying the functionality believed responsible for the phytotoxicity of the sesquiterpene bipolaroxin, inhibited germination of lettuce seeds. This activity diminished with time. Keywords: Baylis–Hillman, acrylonitrile, acrylate, acrolein, α-dicarbonyl, bipolaroxin, phytotoxicity.
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Alfarhan, Moaddey, Eissa Jafari, and S. Priya Narayanan. "Acrolein: A Potential Mediator of Oxidative Damage in Diabetic Retinopathy." Biomolecules 10, no. 11 (2020): 1579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10111579.
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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss among working-age adults. Extensive evidences have documented that oxidative stress mediates a critical role in the pathogenesis of DR. Acrolein, a product of polyamines oxidation and lipid peroxidation, has been demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. Acrolein’s harmful effects are mediated through multiple mechanisms, including DNA damage, inflammation, ROS formation, protein adduction, membrane disruption, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Recent investigations have reported the involvement of acrolein in the pathogenesis of DR. These studies have shown a detrimental effect of acrolein on the retinal neurovascular unit under diabetic conditions. The current review summarizes the existing literature on the sources of acrolein, the impact of acrolein in the generation of oxidative damage in the diabetic retina, and the mechanisms of acrolein action in the pathogenesis of DR. The possible therapeutic interventions such as the use of polyamine oxidase inhibitors, agents with antioxidant properties, and acrolein scavengers to reduce acrolein toxicity are also discussed.
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Li, Zhijian, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, Hong Chen, Xiaohui Lu, Xin Yang, and Jianmin Chen. "Nitrogen-containing secondary organic aerosol formation by acrolein reaction with ammonia/ammonium." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 2 (2019): 1343–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-1343-2019.
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Abstract. Ammonia-driven carbonyl-to-imine conversion is an important formation pathway to the nitrogen-containing organic compounds (NOCs) in secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). Previous studies have mainly focused on the dicarbonyl compounds as the precursors of light-absorbing NOCs. In this work, we investigated whether acrolein could also act as an NOC precursor. Acrolein is the simplest α, β-unsaturated mono-carbonyl compound, and it is ubiquitous in the atmosphere. Experiments probing multiphase reactions of acrolein as well as bulk aqueous-phase experiments were carried out to study the reactivity of acrolein towards ammonia and ammonium ions. Molecular characterization of the products based on gas chromatography mass spectrometry, high-resolution mass spectrometry, surface-enhanced Raman spectrometry and ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometry was used to propose possible reaction mechanisms. We observed 3-methylpyridine (commonly known as 3-picoline) in the gas phase in Tedlar bags filled with gaseous acrolein and ammonia or ammonium aerosols. In the ammonium-containing aqueous phase, oligomeric compounds with formulas (C3H4O)m(C3H5N)n and pyridinium compounds like (C3H4O)2C6H8N+ were observed as the products. The pathway to 3-methylpyridine was proposed to be the intramolecular carbon–carbon addition of the hemiaminal, which resulted from sequential carbonyl-to-imine conversions of acrolein molecules. The 3-methylpyridine was formed in the aqueous phase, but some of the 3-methylpyridine could revolatilize to the gas phase, explaining the observation of gaseous 3-methylpyridine in the bags. The (C3H4O)2C6H8N+ was a carbonyl-to-hemiaminal product from acrolein dimer and 3-methylpyridine, while the oligomeric products of (C3H4O)m(C3H5N)n were polymers of acroleins and propylene imines formed via carbonyl-to-imine conversion and condensation reactions. The pH value effect on the liquid products was also studied in the bulk aqueous-phase experiments. While the oligomeric compounds were forming in both acidic and alkaline conditions, the pyridinium products favored moderately acidic conditions. Both the oligomeric products and the pyridinium salts are light-absorbing materials. This work suggests that acrolein may serve as a precursor of light-absorbing heterocyclic NOCs in SOA. Therefore, secondary reactions of α, β-unsaturated aldehydes with reduced nitrogen should be taken into account as a source of light-absorbing NOCs in SOA.
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Alizadehasl, Azin, Bita Shahrami, Reza Rahbarghazi, et al. "Post-transplant cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity: A comprehensive review." Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research 16, no. 4 (2024): 211–21. https://doi.org/10.34172/jcvtr.33230.
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Cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity, associated with its toxic metabolite acrolein, is a significant concern and unresolved issue, especially when cyclophosphamide is administrated in high doses. However, cardiotoxicity following low-dose cyclophosphamide has been also documented, especially in post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (post-HSCT) settings. Despite the involvement of multiple signaling pathways in cyclophosphamide-induced cardiomyopathy, the exact underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. This review outlines the current challenges of cyclophosphamide therapy in HSCT recipients. In addition, the promising therapeutic approaches by targeting acrolein’s anti-angiogenic effect were thoroughly discussed to better manage post-HSCT cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Rogers, Edmond, Timothy Beauclair, Guenter Gross, and Riyi Shi. "95923 TBI-on-a-chip: Linking physical impact to neurodegeneration by decrypting primary and secondary injury mechanisms." Journal of Clinical and Translational Science 5, s1 (2021): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cts.2021.636.
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ABSTRACT IMPACT: This unique approach has the capability to elucidate the pathological mechanisms underlying traumatic brain injuries and neurodegeneration, both separately and in concert, while simultaneously providing a semi-high throughput model for investigating potential pharmaceutical interventions: discoveries that would have major translational implications and a significant impact worldwide. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: We aim to improve our understanding of the mechanisms behind the development of neurodegenerative diseases by utilizing the link between traumatic brain injuries and demonstrated biomarkers with our innovative TBI on a chip model. With this tool, we hope to provide new pathological insights and explore potential pharmaceutical interventions. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: E16 murine cortical networks were cultured onto reusable, optically transparent MEAs (fabricated in-house), and subjected to a clinically-relevant range (30-300g) of impact g-forces, utilizing our exciting new in vitro model of trauma (TBI on a chip) with real-time electrophysiological and morphological access. Impacts were systematically applied at varying intensities, repetitions, and time points, and fixed 24-hours post. Basic immunocytochemical techniques were used to investigate post-impact levels of acrolein, an established biomarker of both post-TBI oxidative stress and neurodegeneration (ND), and compared to procedurally and age-matched non-impact control networks. In addition, several other TBI/ND biomarker investigations are in progress (βA42, α-synuclein, and phosphorylated tau). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Impact experiments revealed significant, force-dependent increases of acrolein (acrolein-lysine adducts) at 24hrs post impact, indicative of impact-linked neuronal degeneration. These changes were amplified by the following manipulations: increasing g-force exposure (30-250 g); the rapid (4-6 sec interval) application of multiple impacts (1, 3, 5 and 10x); and exposure to 40 mM EtOH (10 min duration immediately following impact). Further, we demonstrate the enhancement of injury recovery as a function of: increasing time intervals between repeated hits; Hydralazine exposure. In addition, conditioned media from maximally-impacted cultures can cause acrolein elevation when introduced to non-impact, control networks, indicating acrolein’s role as a diffusive-factor in post-TBI secondary injuries. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: This novel approach provides unprecedented resolution, and is improving our understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying both TBI and ND. Combined with our established in vivo models of trauma and computer modeling, we hope to better guide our translational laboratory endeavors and help improve clinical diagnoses and treatments.
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Sakamoto, Akihiko, Yusuke Terui, Kazuei Igarashi, and Keiko Kashiwagi. "Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) Channel Mediates Acrolein Cytotoxicity in Human Lung Cancer Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 14 (2023): 11847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241411847.
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Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is a nonselective ion channel implicated in thermosensation and inflammatory pain. It has been reported that expression of the TRPA1 channel is induced by cigarette smoke extract. Acrolein found in cigarette smoke is highly toxic and known as an agonist of the TRPA1 channel. However, the role of TRPA1 in the cytotoxicity of acrolein remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether the TRPA1 channel is involved in the cytotoxicity of acrolein in human lung cancer A549 cells. The IC50 of acrolein in A549 cells was 25 μM, and acrolein toxicity increased in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. When the effect of acrolein on TRPA1 expression was examined, the expression of TRPA1 in A549 cells was increased by treatment with 50 μM acrolein for 24 h or 500 μM acrolein for 30 min. AP-1, a transcription factor, was activated in the cells treated with 50 μM acrolein for 24 h, while induction of NF-κB and HIF-1α was observed in the cells treated with 500 μM acrolein for 30 min. These results suggest that acrolein induces TRPA1 expression by activating these transcription factors. Overexpression of TRPA1 in A549 cells increased acrolein sensitivity and the level of protein-conjugated acrolein (PC-Acro), while knockdown of TRPA1 in A549 cells or treatment with a TRPA1 antagonist caused tolerance to acrolein. These findings suggest that acrolein induces the TRPA1 channel and that an increase in TRPA1 expression promotes the cytotoxicity of acrolein.
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Jiang, Kaiyu, Caihuan Huang, Fu Liu, et al. "Origin and Fate of Acrolein in Foods." Foods 11, no. 13 (2022): 1976. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11131976.
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Acrolein is a highly toxic agent that may promote the occurrence and development of various diseases. Acrolein is pervasive in all kinds of foods, and dietary intake is one of the main routes of human exposure to acrolein. Considering that acrolein is substantially eliminated after its formation during food processing and re-exposed in the human body after ingestion and metabolism, the origin and fate of acrolein must be traced in food. Focusing on molecular mechanisms, this review introduces the formation of acrolein in food and summarises both in vitro and in vivo fates of acrolein based on its interactions with small molecules and biomacromolecules. Future investigation of acrolein from different perspectives is also discussed.
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Kashiwagi, Keiko, and Kazuei Igarashi. "Molecular Characteristics of Toxicity of Acrolein Produced from Spermine." Biomolecules 13, no. 2 (2023): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom13020298.
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Acrolein (CH2=CH-CHO), an unsaturated aldehyde produced from spermine, is one of the major contributors to oxidative stress. Acrolein has been found to be more toxic than reactive oxygen species (H2O2 and •OH), and it can be easily conjugated with proteins, bringing about changes in nature of the proteins. Acrolein is detoxified by glutathione in cells and was found to be mainly produced from spermine through isolating two cell lines of acrolein-resistant Neuro2a cells. The molecular characteristics of acrolein toxicity and tissue damage elicited by acrolein were investigated. It was found that glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH); cytoskeleton proteins such as vimentin, actin, α- and β-tubulin proteins; and apolipoprotein B-100 (ApoB100) in LDL are strongly damaged by acrolein conjugation. In contrast, activities of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and proheparanase (proHPSE) are enhanced, and antibody-recognizing abilities of immunoglobulins are modified by acrolein conjugation, resulting in aggravation of diseases. The functional changes of these proteins by acrolein have been elucidated at the molecular level. The findings confirmed that acrolein is the major contributor causing tissue damage in the elderly.
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Shah, Halley, Adam M. Speen, Christina Saunders, et al. "Protection of HepG2 cells against acrolein toxicity by 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-imidazolide via glutathione-mediated mechanism." Experimental Biology and Medicine 240, no. 10 (2014): 1340–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1535370214563900.
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Acrolein is an environmental toxicant, mainly found in smoke released from incomplete combustion of organic matter. Several studies showed that exposure to acrolein can lead to liver damage. The mechanisms involved in acrolein-induced hepatocellular toxicity, however, are not completely understood. This study examined the cytotoxic mechanisms of acrolein on HepG2 cells. Acrolein at pathophysiological concentrations was shown to cause apoptotic cell death and an increase in levels of protein carbonyl and thiobarbituric acid reactive acid substances. Acrolein also rapidly depleted intracellular glutathione (GSH), GSH-linked glutathione- S-transferases, and aldose reductase, three critical cellular defenses that detoxify reactive aldehydes. Results further showed that depletion of cellular GSH by acrolein preceded the loss of cell viability. To further determine the role of cellular GSH in acrolein-mediated cytotoxicity, buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) was used to inhibit cellular GSH biosynthesis. It was observed that depletion of cellular GSH by BSO led to a marked potentiation of acrolein-mediated cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells. To further assess the contribution of these events to acrolein-induced cytotoxicity, triterpenoid compound 2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-imidazolide (CDDO-Im) was used for induction of GSH. Induction of GSH by CDDO-Im afforded cytoprotection against acrolein toxicity in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, BSO significantly inhibited CDDO-Im-mediated induction in cellular GSH levels and also reversed cytoprotective effects of CDDO-Im in HepG2 cells. These results suggest that GSH is a predominant mechanism underlying acrolein-induced cytotoxicity as well as CDDO-Im-mediated cytoprotection. This study may provide understanding on the molecular action of acrolein which may be important to develop novel strategies for the prevention of acrolein-mediated toxicity.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Acroleina"
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Liosi, Giuseppe. "Un nuovo processo per la sintesi di acroleina e acido acrilico da glicerolo." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2011. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/2562/.
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La trasformazione di glicerolo ad acido acrilico può essere un fattore importante per la valorizzazione del processo di produzione di biodiesel, il quale prevede la coproduzione di enormi quantità di glicerolo. La sintesi di acido acrilico in un unico step è stata studiata attraverso vari catalizzatori solidi bifunzionali di diversa natura, contenenti proprietà acide e redox. I catalizzatori devono avere un’adeguata acidità di Brønsted per promuovere la trasformazione di glicerolo ad acroleina, mentre le proprietà ossidanti, necessarie per la sintesi di acido acrilico sono ottenute mediante l’inserimento di un metallo ossidante nella struttura. Si vuole quindi sintetizzare e testare una serie di catalizzatori che mostrino questa bifunzionalità in grado di soddisfare requisiti di attività e selettività nei confronti della reazioni . Per questo studio sono stati sintetizzati e caratterizzati ossidi misti di W/V, nella forma di aggregati dispersi sulla titania ed ossidi misti di Zr/Nb/V in struttura bulk. Sono stati quindi eseguiti dei test di reattività in fase gas ed in presenza di ossigeno utilizzando un reattore tubolare in quarzo a letto fisso.
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Weinschutz, Regina. "Oxidação parcial do etanol sobre catalisador de Fe-Mo para obtenção de aldeidos e compostos de condensação aldolica." [s.n.], 1999. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/266158.
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Orientador: Jose Claudio Moura<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Quimica<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-24T13:10:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 1999<br>Resumo: A reação de oxidação parcial de etanol para a produção de aldeídos e compostos de condensação aldólica, sobre catalisador de Fe/Mo é estudada em um microrreator tubular e leito fixo, com o objetivo de verificar a distribuição de produtos nas condições estudadas, ou seja temperatura de 300 a 360°C, razão molar de 10 a 30 e tempo espacial modificado de 2,5 a '5,4g IND. cm.min'.'(N1) POT. '-1' . A conversão de etanol é total, formando, principalmente, acetaldeído e etileno em quantidades abaixo de 19% nas condições em que o trabalho foi realizado. Devido ao consumo total de etanol o acetaldeído é utilizado como reagente de referência por ser o composto intermediário para a produção de formaldeído, acroleína e outros produtos oxigenados, além do dióxido de carbono. A conversão de acetaldeído cresce com o aumento da temperatura atingindo 97% a 360°C. O consumo de acetaldeído é expresso por um modelo empírico, com ordens 0,5 e 1,0 em relação às pressões parciais de acetaldeído e de oxigênio, respectivamente. A água formada reduz a taxa de consumo do acetaldeído, porém com influência decrescente com o aumento da temperatura. Os parâmetros da equação da taxa de reação foram obtidos, à partir dos dados experimentais, bem como a dependência da taxa em relação a concentração de água no sistema<br>Abstract: The partial oxidation reaction of ethanol for the production of aldehydes and compounds of aldol condensation, over catalyst of Fe-Mo it was studied in a fixed bed tubular microrreator. The reactor was operated in the conditions studied,that is, temperature range at 300 to 360°C, air ethanol molar ratio molar range of 10 to 30 and modified space time range of 2,5 to '5,4g IND. cm.min'.'(N1) POT. '-1'. The ethanol conversion is total, forming acetaldehyde and its secundary reaction products in the conditions in that the work was accomplished. Due to the total consumption of ethanol, the acetaldehyde was used as reference reactant. lt is the intermediary reagent for the productio of formaldehyde, acrolein and other oxygenated products, besides carbon dioxide and water. The acetaldehyde conversion increases with the increasing reactions temperatures, reaching 97% at 360°C. The consumption of acetaldehyde is expressed by an empirical reaction rate, with orders 0,5 and 1,0 in relation to the partial pressures of acetaldehyde and of oxygen, respectively. Water formed during the course of the reaction reduces the rate of consumption of the acetaldehyde, the effect decreases with the increasing temperatures. The Arrhenius parameters of the reaction rate were obtained from the experimental data, as well as the dependence ofthe rate on the concentration ofwater in the system<br>Doutorado<br>Desenvolvimento de Processos Químicos<br>Doutor em Engenharia Química
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Mastragostino, Giada. "Analisi del ciclo di vita della produzione industriale di acroleina: confronto tra il processo tradizionale e vie di sintesi alternative." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6534/.
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La green chemistry può essere definita come l’applicazione dei principi fondamentali di sviluppo sostenibile, al fine di ridurre al minimo l’impiego o la formazione di sostanze pericolose nella progettazione, produzione e applicazione di prodotti chimici. È in questo contesto che si inserisce la metodologia LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), come strumento di analisi e di valutazione. Il presente lavoro di tesi è stato condotto con l’intenzione di offrire una valutazione degli impatti ambientali associati al settore dei processi chimici di interesse industriale in una prospettiva di ciclo di vita. In particolare, è stato studiato il processo di produzione di acroleina ponendo a confronto due vie di sintesi alternative: la via tradizionale che impiega propilene come materia prima, e l’alternativa da glicerolo ottenuto come sottoprodotto rinnovabile di processi industriali. Il lavoro si articola in due livelli di studio: un primo, parziale, in cui si va ad esaminare esclusivamente il processo di produzione di acroleina, non considerando gli stadi a monte per l’ottenimento delle materie prime di partenza; un secondo, più dettagliato, in cui i confini di sistema vengono ampliati all’intero ciclo produttivo. I risultati sono stati confrontati ed interpretati attraverso tre tipologie di analisi: Valutazione del danno, Analisi di contributo ed Analisi di incertezza. Dal confronto tra i due scenari parziali di produzione di acroleina, emerge come il processo da glicerolo abbia impatti globalmente maggiori rispetto al tradizionale. Tale andamento è ascrivibile ai diversi consumi energetici ed in massa del processo per l’ottenimento dell’acroleina. Successivamente, per avere una visione completa di ciascuno scenario, l’analisi è stata estesa includendo le fasi a monte di produzione delle due materie prime. Da tale confronto emerge come lo scenario più impattante risulta essere quello di produzione di acroleina partendo da glicerolo ottenuto dalla trans-esterificazione di olio di colza. Al contrario, lo scenario che impiega glicerolo prodotto come scarto della lavorazione di sego sembra essere il modello con i maggiori vantaggi ambientali. Con l’obiettivo di individuare le fasi di processo maggiormente incidenti sul carico totale e quindi sulle varie categorie d’impatto intermedie, è stata eseguita un’analisi di contributo suddividendo ciascuno scenario nei sotto-processi che lo compongono. È stata infine eseguita un’analisi di incertezza tramite il metodo Monte Carlo, verificando la riproducibilità dei risultati.
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Puglia, Giuseppe. "Nuovi catalizzatori per la trasformazione diretta di glicerolo ad acido acrilico." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/5738/.
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Alla luce delle improrogabili necessità ambientali, le prospettive di crescita del mercato dei bio-combustibili e quindi del biodiesel, sono molto ampie; si rende quindi necessario lo sviluppo di nuovi processi chimici in grado di valorizzare il co-prodotto della sintesi del biodiesel, ovvero il glicerolo. Tra le varie opzioni proposte dalla recente letteratura scientifica e brevettuale, la trasformazione one-pot del glicerolo ad acido acrilico può rappresentare una soluzione. All’interno di questa tematica, durante il periodo di tesi ho eseguito uno studio di catalizzatori a base di ossidi misti contenenti tungsteno, molibdeno e/o vanadio. Tali ossidi presentano sia funzionalità acida, necessaria per il primo stadio di disidratazione del glicerolo ad acroleina, sia funzionalità redox, necessaria all’ossidazione dell’acroleina ad acido acrilico. I sistemi tri-componente W-V-Mo si sono rivelati catalizzatori attivi e selettivi per la sintesi diretta di glicerolo ad acido acrilico. La miglior performance catalitica di questa classe di catalizzatori ha consentito di ottenere selettività in acido acrilico del 31%, con selettività totale ad acido acrilico ed acroleina superiore al 38% (valori tra i più elevati rispetto a quelli riportati in letteratura). Infine, si è dimostrato che i catalizzatori a base di W-V-Mo sono sistemi potenzialmente sfruttabili anche in impianti a doppio stadio per la produzione di acido acrilico con alimentazioni miste propilene/glicerolo. Ulteriori studi sono attualmente in corso per approfondire le capacità catalitiche degli ossidi misti studiati.
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Ynocente, Castillejo Elizabeth. "Calibración del método colorimétrico 4- hexilresorcinol para el análisis de acroleina y su aplicación a los gases de combustión de un motor diesel." Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería. Programa Cybertesis PERÚ, 2004. http://cybertesis.uni.edu.pe/uni/2004/ynocente_ce/html/index-frames.html.
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Cordoba, Aymer Yeferson Maturana. "Estudo da combustão direta da glicerina bruta e loira como alternativa de aproveitamento energético sustentável." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18147/tde-21122011-191948/.
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Nesta tese investiga-se e avalia-se a combustão direta da glicerina bruta e loira, co-produto e derivado, respectivamente, do processo de fabricação do biodiesel como alternativa de aproveitamento energético sustentável. Focaliza-se especialmente nos aspectos ambiental, técnico e econômico considerando as emissões, a transferência de calor associada e os aspectos operacionais como o eixo principal do estudo. Visa aumentar o conhecimento atual a respeito e contribuir para a melhoria das perspectivas da indústria do biodiesel e de uma parte da população. Para a combustão de glicerina bruta proveniente do processo de fabricação de biodiesel de sebo bovino desenvolveu-se um queimador tipo vórtice para glicerina bruta, avaliaram-se e quantificaram-se as emissões de óxidos de enxofre e nitrogênio, monóxido e dióxido de carbono, hidrocarbonetos totais, formaldeído, acetaldeído e acroleína, sendo também avaliados os efeitos mutagênicos potenciais dos gases produzidos. Da mesma forma foi estudada a composição físico-química, poder calorífico, decomposição térmica e a transferência de calor associada, além dos parâmetros operacionais da combustão, entre eles, a relação ar-combustível, temperatura de chama adiabática e o desempenho geral do processo para diferentes coeficientes de excesso de ar. Os ensaios foram desenvolvidos utilizando-se uma fornalha flamo tubular dotada de 12 câmaras calorimétricas e totalmente instrumentada com sensores de temperatura e sondas para análise contínua de gases em analisadores automáticos, fornecimento e controle de água de resfriamento e sistema de captação de dados em tempo real. Adicionalmente aos requisitos do estudo, foi necessário o desenvolvimento de sistemas e equipamentos auxiliares como a unidade de acondicionamento e alimentação de glicerina bruta e métodos de filtragem. Paralelamente, os efeitos mutagênicos e tóxicos foram avaliados sobre o bio-sensor Tradescantia (Clone KU-20), adaptando câmaras de intoxicação e técnicas de análise biológica desenvolvidas previamente. Os resultados foram processados, avaliados e comparados com as emissões e comportamento observado durante a combustão direta do óleo diesel, constatando-se que a combustão direta de glicerina bruta é um processo viável e suas emissões de CO, NOx, \'SO IND.2\' e HCT foram em média 39%, 75%, 69% e 38% respectivamente menores do que as do óleo diesel, porém o material particulado emitido pela glicerina bruta, e ainda mais pela loira, foi várias vezes superior do que com óleo diesel. Do mesmo modo, o nível de acroleína detectado no gás de combustão de glicerina bruta (214 ppbv) aparentemente não representa perigo para a população. Igualmente a energia produzida a partir da glicerina bruta resultou 61% e 58% mais barata do que com óleo diesel e glicerina loira respectivamente em condições semelhantes. No entanto, certamente verificou-se que a combustão de glicerina bruta é um processo tecnicamente mais complexo quando comparado com a dos combustíveis convencionais e evidenciou-se a necessidade de fazer um controle adequado das partículas emitidas para avançar no desenvolvimento do processo. Desta forma o presente estudo constitui-se em uma fonte importante de informação sobre a glicerina bruta e outros combustíveis similares para autoridades ambientais, indústrias e pesquisadores.<br>This thesis investigated and evaluated on the assessment of the direct combustion of crude and technical glycerin, by-product and derivative respectively of Brazilian biodiesel manufacture process, as an alternative of sustainable energy use. The main axis of the study were the environmental, technical and economical aspects, focusing in emissions, heat transfer and the operational parameters associated with the combustion of crude and technical glycerin. It aims to increase the knowledge on the matter and contribute to the improvement of the economic and environmental perspective of biodiesel industry and isolated populations. It was evaluated the combustion of crude glycerin from bovine tallow biodiesel and technical glycerin from soy biodiesel process. Due to commercial unavailability of a capable burner for burning glycerin, a swirl burner was developed for crude and technical glycerin combustion, but it was also used successfully in other alternative fuels as raw bovine tallow and diesel. Emissions of sulphur and nitrogen oxides, total hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and acrolein were analyzed and quantified. Similarly, the mutagenic potential of gases was evaluated, as well as the calorific power, thermal decomposition behavior, the associated heat transfer and fundamentals operational parameters such as adiabatic flame temperature, air-fuel ratio and others. A experimental technique for mutagenic and toxicological effects assessment of combustion gases was analyzed and standardized, as well as the calorific power, the associate heat transfer and fundamentals operational parameters. The study was developed using a fully instrumented flame tube furnace, a swirl burner, continuous gas analyzers, a chromatograph, a thermogravimetric analyzer, automatic data acquisition systems and other auxiliary equipment. The mutagenic potential of the combustion gases was studied on biosensor Tradescantia clone KU-20 assay, using chambers of intoxication and biological analytical techniques previously developed and others specially adapted. The results were compared with the performance of diesel at similar conditions and finding that the direct combustion of crude glycerin is a feasible process. In addition, the emissions of CO, NOx, \'SO IND.2\' and THC were 39%, 75%, 69% and 38% correspondingly smaller than those of diesel. The particulate matter emitted by crude glycerin combustion and even more, by technical glycerin, was several times higher than those emitted by the diesel. Also, the emission of acrolein detected in flue gas from crude glycerin (214 ppbv), apparently have not represents danger to the population. Simultaneously was observed that the energy produced from crude glycerin was 61% and 58% cheaper than the energy from diesel and technical glycerin respectively under similar conditions. But certainly, it was found that the crude glycerin combustion is a more complex process compared with the combustion of conventional fuels.
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Carriço, Camila Santana. "Desidratação de glicerol a acroleína, em fase gasosa, sobre catalisadores derivados do precursor lamelar de estrutura MWW." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFBA, 2012. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/11733.
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Previous issue date: 2012<br>CAPES<br>O aproveitamento do glicerol excedente pela conversão catalítica a produtos de maior valor agregado vem sendo bastante estudado no sentido de dar um destino mais nobre a este coproduto, valorizando a cadeia produtiva do biodiesel. Dentre os processos de conversão catalítica do glicerol destaca-se a sua desidratação a acroleína, um produto de grande interesse da Química Fina, que pode ser utilizada como matéria-prima para a produção de ácido acrílico, polímeros superabsorventes produtos farmacêuticos, entre outros. Os zeólitos são catalisadores bastante ativos para a desidratação do glicerol a acroleína, devido às suas propriedades ácidas e texturais, mas sua principal limitação é a rápida desativação por formação de coque, como resultado da acidez excessiva e dos pequenos diâmetros de poros encontrados nestes materiais. Uma alternativa promissora é o uso de materiais derivados de zeólitos de precursores lamelares, que permitem ajuste das propriedades ácidas e texturais através de processos de pilarização e exfoliação. Neste trabalho, o precursor lamelar de estrutura MWW foi sintetizado nas razões molares SiO2/Al2O3 = 30, 50 e 80, e convertidos ao zeólito MCM-22 por calcinação, ao derivado pilarizado com SiO2, conhecido como MCM-36 e ao derivado exfoliado, denominado ITQ-2. As amostras foram caracterizadas por DRX, FTIR, TG/DTG, análise textural, MEV e TPD-NH3. Os materiais foram avaliados na reação de desidratação do glicerol à acroleína em fase gasosa e os parâmetros reacionais temperatura, tempo de contato (W/F) e concentração de glicerol foram ajustados com o zeólito MCM-22 na razão molar SiO2/Al2O3 = 30. As condições que favoreceram maiores conversões e seletividades foram empregadas para avaliar os materiais MCM-36 e ITQ-2. Os difratogramas de raios-X comprovaram que a síntese dos materiais foi bem sucedida, apresentando os picos característicos da topologia MWW. A análise textural mostra uma diminuição do volume de microporos e um aumento do volume de mesoporos, consistente com os processos de pilarização e exfoliação do precursor lamelar de estrutura MWW. O processo de exfoliação aumenta a acessibilidade aos sítios ácidos, enquanto a pilarização provoca o bloqueio dos sítios ácidos de natureza zeolítica e criação de novos sítios ácidos devidos aos pilares de SiO2. O melhor desempenho do MCM-36 na conversão de glicerol pode ser associado a sua dupla porosidade, a qual não permite que os canais/sítios ativos sejam obstruídos pela formação de resíduos carbonáceos, e consequentemente, permite que este material seja ativo por mais tempo, no entanto apresenta baixa seletividade a acroleína e formação de subprodutos gasosos. O ITQ-2 mostrou-se altamente seletivo a acroleína, resultado da maior densidade de sítios ácidos e maior acessibilidade aos sítios zeolíticos presentes nas semicavidades superficiais das lamelas. Em todos os materiais o aumento da razão molar SiO2/Al2O3 resulta num decréscimo da conversão do glicerol e da seletividade à acroleína. O principal mecanismo de desativação destes materiais é a formação de coque, que pode ser eliminado por tratamento em atmosfera oxidante a 500°C. O ITQ-2 apresentou uma boa recuperação em três ciclos reacionais<br>Salvador
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Ferreira, Daiani Cecchin. "Desenvolvimento de um método para determinação simultânea de compostos carbonílicos tóxicos durante a vinificação e avaliação do risco da exposição a estes compostos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/165143.
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Propriedades benéficas são associadas ao consumo moderado de vinho devido à presença dos compostos fenólicos. Uma dose diária de vinho de até 200 ou 300 mL é sugerida para mulheres e homens, respectivamente. Entretanto, dentre os compostos presentes nos vinhos, podem ser encontrados compostos carbonílicos tóxicos, como o formaldeído, acroleína, acetaldeído, furfural e carbamato de etila, os quais tem sido associados a efeitos adversos à saúde humana, incluindo o câncer. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver e validar um método para a quantificação simultânea destes compostos tóxicos através da microextração em fase sólida no modo headspace associada à cromatografia gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massas quadrupolar no modo de monitoramento de íons selecionados (HS-SPME- GC/qMS-SIM) e caracterizar o risco relacionado à exposição a estes compostos. Quatro etapas da vinificação (uva, mosto, após a fermentação alcoólica e vinho) e vinhos comercialmente disponíveis foram analisados com o uso da GC/qMS-SIM após verificar as coeluições através da cromatografia gasosa bidimensional abrangente acoplada ao detector de espectrometria de massas por tempo de voo (GC×GC- TOFMS). O acetaldeído e a acroleína derivatizados coeluíram na primeira dimensão cromatográfica com o limoneno e o hexanoato de metila, respectivamente. Em função disso, foram escolhidos como íons quantificadores na análise por GC/qMS, íons que não foram encontrados no espectro de massas dos compostos coeluídos. Os parâmetros de validação (LOD, LOQ, recuperação, repetibilidade e reprodutibilidade) mostraram que a HS-SPME-GC/qMS-SIM é adequada para quantificar simultaneamente os cinco compostos tóxicos. A acroleína foi encontrada em concentrações similares na uva e mosto, e não foi detectada após a fermentação alcoólica e no vinho. O acetaldeído foi detectado em menores concentrações no mosto e em maiores níveis após a fermentação alcoólica. A concentração de furfural foi maior nas uvas do que nas demais etapas. O carbamato de etila não foi detectado nas etapas da vinificação e nos vinhos comerciais. Os níveis de formaldeído ficaram entre os valores de LOD e LOQ em todas as etapas da vinificação e nos vinhos comerciais. Além disso, nos vinhos comercialmente disponíveis, a acroleína foi encontrada em 50% das amostras, o acetaldeído e o furfural estavam presentes em todas as amostras. O único composto cuja ingestão pode representar risco a saúde é a acroleína. Dessa forma, este estudo contribuiu para identificar os pontos críticos de controle relacionados à presença de compostos tóxicos durante a vinificação, incluindo a produção do acetaldeído durante a fermentação alcoólica e a contaminação das uvas com acroleína e furfural através do ar atmosférico. Além disso, os resultados da ocorrência destes compostos tóxicos em vinhos comercialmente disponíveis poderão contribuir para a criação de uma legislação nacional que estabeleça limites dos mesmos nesta bebida.<br>Beneficial properties are associated with moderate consumption of wine due to the presence of phenolic compounds. A daily intake of wine of up to 200 or 300 mL is suggested for women and men, respectively. However, toxic carbonyl compounds such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, furfural and ethyl carbamate can be found among the compounds present in wines, which have been associated with adverse effects on human health, including cancer. The objective of this work was to develop and validate a method for simultaneous quantification of these toxic compounds through headspace solid phase microextraction associated with gas chromatography with quadrupole mass spectrometric detection in selected-ion monitoring mode (HS-SPME-GC/qMS-SIM) and characterize the risk related to exposure to these compounds. Four vinification steps (grape, must, after alcoholic fermentation and wine) and commercially available wine were analyzed using GC/qMS-SIM after checking the coelutions by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS). The derivatized acetaldehyde and acrolein coeluted in the first chromatographic dimension with limonene and methyl hexanoate, respectively. Based on this, were chosen as quantifiers ions in GC/qMS analysis, ions that were not found in the mass spectra of the coeluted compounds. The validation parameters (LOD, LOQ, recovery, repeatability and reproducibility) showed that HS-SPME-GC/qMS-SIM is adequate to simultaneously quantify the five toxic compounds. Acrolein was found at similar concentrations in grape and must, and was not detected after alcoholic fermentation and in wine. Acetaldehyde was detected at lower concentrations in the must and at higher levels after alcoholic fermentation. The concentration of furfural was higher in the grapes than in the other stages. Ethyl carbamate was not detected in the vinification steps and in commercially wine. Formaldehyde levels were between the LOD and LOQ values at all stages of winemaking and commercial wines. In addition, in commercially available wines, acrolein was found in 50% of samples, acetaldehyde and furfural were present in all samples. The only compound whose intake may pose a health risk is acrolein. Thus, this study contributed to identify critical control point related to the presence of toxic compounds during winemaking, including the production of acetaldehyde during alcoholic fermentation and the contamination of grapes with acrolein and furfural through atmospheric air. In addition, the results of the occurrence of these toxic compounds in commercially available wines may contribute to the creation of national legislation that establishes limits of the same in this drink.
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Böhnke, Harald. "Sorptions- und transient kinetische Experimente bei der heterogen katalysierten Partialoxidation ungesättigter Aldehyde." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://elib.tu-darmstadt.de/diss/000033/.
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Mohr, Christian. "Struktur-Reaktivitätsbeziehungen in der Hydrierung von Acrolein an Gold-Träger-Katalysatoren." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://elib.tu-darmstadt.de/diss/000243.
Full textBooks on the topic "Acroleina"
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United States. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine. Acroleína. Departamento de Salud y Servicios Humanos de los EE.UU., Servicio de Salud Pública, Agencia para Sustancias Tóxicos y el Registro de Enfermedades, 2005.
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Canada, Canada Environment, and Canada Health Canada, eds. Acrolein. Environment Canada, 2000.
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E, Meek M., Eggleton M, United Nations Environment Programme, et al., eds. Acrolein. World Health Organization, 2002.
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Kagaku Busshitsu Hyōka Kenkyū Kikō and Shin Enerugī Sangyō Gijutsu Sōgō Kaihatsu Kikō (Japan), eds. Akurorein: Acrolein. Seihin Hyōka Gijutsu Kiban Kikō Kagaku Busshitsu Hyōka Kenkyū Kikō, 2007.
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T, Vermeire, International Labour Organisation, United Nations Environment Programme, and World Health Organization, eds. Acrolein: First draft. World Health Organization, 1992.
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Corporation, Syracuse Research, ed. Toxicological profile for acrolein. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2007.
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Gardner, Edward P. The primary photochemical processes of acrolein. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atmospheric Sciences Research Laboratory, 1986.
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Eisler, Ronald. Acrolein hazards to fish, wildlife, and invertebrates: A synoptic review. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Biological Survey, 1994.
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Eisler, Ronald. Acrolein hazards to fish, wildlife, and invertebrates: A synoptic review. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Biological Survey, 1994.
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Eisler, Ronald. Acrolein hazards to fish, wildlife, and invertebrates: A synoptic review. U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Biological Survey, 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Acroleina"
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Gooch, Jan W. "Acrolein." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_174.
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Hallenbeck, William H., and Kathleen M. Cunningham-Burns. "Acrolein." In Pesticides and Human Health. Springer New York, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5054-8_5.
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Lide, David R. "Acrolein." In Handbook of Organic Solvents. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003575191-10.
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Patnaik, Pradyot. "Acrolein." In Handbook of Environmental Analysis. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315151946-67.
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Gooch, Jan W. "Acrolein Polymers and Resins." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_175.
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Bährle-Rapp, Marina. "Sodium Acrylates/Acrolein Copolymer." In Springer Lexikon Kosmetik und Körperpflege. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71095-0_9415.
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Ghilarducci, David P., and Ronald S. Tjeerdema. "Fate and Effects of Acrolein." In Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. Springer New York, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2550-8_2.
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Morikawa, Tokio. "Toxic Hazards of Acrolein and Carbon Monoxide During Combustion." In Advances in Combustion Toxicology,Volume I. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003418948-10.
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Hoffman, C., H. Bastian, M. Wiedenmann, C. Deininger, and E. Eder. "Detection of Acrolein Congener-DNA Adducts Isolated from Cellular Systems." In Archives of Toxicology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74117-3_34.
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Igarashi, Kazuei, Takeshi Uemura, and Keiko Kashiwagi. "Acrolein: An Effective Biomarker for Tissue Damage Produced from Polyamines." In Methods in Molecular Biology. Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7398-9_38.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Acroleina"
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Penkala, Joseph E., Melissa D. Law, Allen L. Dickinson, Darin Horaska, Jerry Conaway, and Hector Soto. "Acrolein, 2-Propenal: A Versatile Microbiocide for Control of Bacteria in Oilfield Systems." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04749.
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Abstract Acrolein (2-propenal) is a microbiocide that has been used to mitigate bacterial problems in oilfield systems. The applications are widespread and include production and injection wells, surface equipment, and water injection systems. The applications include both onshore and offshore facilities throughout the world. The purported biocidal mechanism is the attack of sulfhydryl and amine groups on bacterial proteins by the a,ß-conjugated double bond resulting in disruption of enzyme systems and destruction of integrity of structural proteins. The reactivity with sulfides also renders acrolein effective as an H2S scavenger and iron sulfide dissolver, two byproducts of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) metabolism. This paper reviews a number of case histories highlighting acrolein’s biocide performance to mitigate microbiologically influenced corrosion and other oilfield bacterial problems. Also included is a compilation of laboratory studies comparing the efficacy of acrolein with other microbiocide chemistries against diverse populations of bacteria from the oilfield environment. In 89% of the laboratory studies conducted, acrolein shows superior biocide performance against general aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria (GAB) and SRB in a cost competitive manner. Its properties of oil solubility and biofilm penetrability render it a versatile and effective biocide for targeting persistent sessile populations of bacteria that are often inaccessible to conventional biocides. Due to its low minimum inhibitory concentration, acrolein finds success not only in batch applications but also in continuous treatment programs.
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Wrangham, Jodi B., Adam Bounds, Jerry L. Conaway, Jim Ott, Mason Long, and Corey Stevens. "Remediation of Microbially Contaminated Horizontal Wells with Acrolein." In CORROSION 2020. NACE International, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2020-14992.
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Abstract The lengthy laterals of horizontal wells often pose microbiological challenges, as they provide more area to become microbially contaminated and require larger volumes of fluid and biocide for treatment. A Permian Basin oilfield has been experiencing MIC-related failures in its horizontal wells, which is of concern due to the associated high workover cost. Laboratory biocide challenge testing identified several common oilfield chemistries and combinations thereof as being effective against this field’s population of microbes. However, aggressive applications of these products in the field neither delivered an effective microbial kill nor prevented the treated wells from experiencing further MIC and failures. An acrolein field trial was conducted on a set of problematic, microbially contaminated horizontal wells over a time period of approximately one year. During this timeframe, these wells experienced microbial control for the first time, defined as meeting and maintaining microbial KPIs. Additional benefits were realized as a result of acrolein, including a dramatic improvement in water quality evident as a decrease in iron sulfide and suspended solids, a clean-out of the wells inferred by an initial increase of solids post-acrolein, a decrease in the corrosion rate as indicated by a significant reduction in iron and manganese counts, a decrease in the well failure rate, an increase in production, and an overall cost savings associated with the application of acrolein.
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Siegmeier, R., M. Kirschey, and M. Voges. "Acrolein Based Polymers as Scale Inhibitors." In CORROSION 1998. NACE International, 1998. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1998-98070.
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Abstract Polymers are widely used to prevent scaling in various applications. Whilst acrylic acid and maleic acid are often used for homo and copolymers, acrolein is unique as a monomer for polymeric scale inhibitors. The polymerization can be carried out by using hydrogen peroxide as a polymerization initiator. The properties of the resulting co and terpolymers enable a wide range of applications, e.g. water treatment, detergents, oil production, reverse osmosis, sea water desalination. Laboratory studies were conducted to profile the performance of acrolein based scale inhibitors and to compare its performance to commonly used inhibitors.
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Horton, Miles, Cody May, Ya Lui, Gil Guerrero, Zhengwei Liu, and Brandon Stephens. "Controlling Hydrogen Sulfide Using Acrolein in Produced Water and Mixed Phase Production." In CONFERENCE 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2023-19555.
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Abstract Dissolved hydrogen sulfide in oilfield water or mixed production can cause a multitude of issues. While H2S can be efficiently scavenged in the gas phase with triazine or amine towers, dissolved sulfide in the water phase can be more challenging to remove, especially as the concentration of sulfide approaches parts per million (ppm) level. Using triazines is an option to scavenge dissolved sulfide but necessitates using large volumes of chemical, requiring high treatment rates, and potentially introducing new issues such as scaling due to pH increase. Acrolein is an effective oil and water-soluble sulfide scavenger most commonly used in batches of surface vessels or in downhole applications.1,2 It has also been used in North America via continuous application to scavenge low levels of H2S in both produced water and mixed phase production with few observed downstream side effects. This paper discusses historical usage of acrolein as well as recent novel applications showing marked performance benefit when compared to triazine products.
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Morris, E. Alan, and Daniel H. Pope. "Field and Laboratory Investigations into the Persistence of Glutaraldehyde and Acrolein in Natural Gas Storage Operations." In CORROSION 1994. NACE International, 1994. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1994-94270.
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Abstract The persistence of biocides formulated in glutaraldehyde and acrolein were tested in different produced water environments using a colorimetric general aldehyde detection method based on metaphenylenediamine. The persistence of the biocides in each environment tested was shown to be unique, but repeatable. The laboratory results were validated through comparisons to actual field data.
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Palacios T., Carlos A., and Thais Hernández. "Field Experiences for SRB-MIC Control in Water Injection Plants Having Continuous Pit Recovered Fluids." In CORROSION 2003. NACE International, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2003-03547.
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Abstract This article describes the experiences for SRB-MIC Control in a water plant with fluid recovered from a disposal pit through the use of different biocide treatment strategies, and a comparison of the cost-effectiveness of the different products used to control MIC, such as glutaraldehydes, quaternary ammonium, acrolein and THPS. Results are supported by field experience. The use of a good bio-treatment program shows how the SRB corrosion control can be achieved even in difficult systems such as this one in which there is continuous fluid recovered from a pit.
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Burger, Edward D. "Synergism of Anthraquinone with an Oilfield Biocide to Inhibit Sulfide Generation from Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04750.
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Abstract It has been shown that anthraquinone inhibits the ability for sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) to respire using sulfate as an electron acceptor. This property has been used to develop specific treatments for oilfield water systems to reduce the generation of H2S and the formation of iron sulfides. In this paper, results from laboratory and field studies showing the synergistic effect of treating oilfield produced waters with both anthraquinone and acrolein are discussed. Results from these studies indicate that the use of anthraquinone can extend the duration of effectiveness of this biocide and improve the quality of the water for injection.
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Levy, Y., V. Erenburg, A. Roizman, and V. Sherbaum. "Numerical and Experimental Study of the Emissions During Methanol Combustion." In ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2018-75575.
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The study focuses on the emission of pollutants generated during combustion of methanol, including the formation of formaldehyde and acrolein, the two main additional hazardous pollutants formed during the combustion of methanol. The study is based on chemical kinetic analysis using the CHEMKIN code (1D-reactor model) and ANSYS code for numerical computation. A parallel experimental combustion study was performed using a laboratory scaled swirl stabilized combustor model using methanol fuel. The combustor model was built in order to calibrate and test the developed theoretical models. The chemical kinetic analysis, using the CHEMKIN code, showed that under the investigated conditions, the maximum acrolein concentration at the exhaust was 0.12ppmv. Currently, there is no emission standard that we know of that refers to acrolein. However, it may very well be that due to the high toxify of acrolein, even such a low value may be too high. The results from the CFD simulations about the acrolein concentration at the exhaust revealed very low values, less than 0.01ppm, and consequently were not presented. Formaldehyde emission was evaluated by chemical kinetics studies, CFD analyses, and measured experimentally using two different analyzers. It is shown that the current common standard for the allowable limit of formaldehyde, which is based on the absolute amount exhausted, is too low and will limit the use of methanol only to small power units.
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Lv, Dingding, Sonia Melandri, Assimo Maris, Luca Evangelisti, and Wentao Song. "CONFORMATIONAL EQUILIBRIA BETWEEN ALDEHYDES AND ALCOHOLS: ROTATIONAL SPECTRA OF ACROLEIN-METHANOL AND ACROLEIN-ETHANOL COMPLEXES." In 2021 International Symposium on Molecular Spectroscopy. University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15278/isms.2021.wd04.
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