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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Action explanation

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Academic literature on the topic 'Action explanation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 8 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Action explanation"

1

O’Brien, Lilian. "Action explanation and its presuppositions." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 49, no. 1 (February 2019): 123–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.2018.1518629.

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AbstractIn debates about rationalizing action explanation causalists assume that the psychological states that explain an intentional action have both causal and rational features. I scrutinize the presuppositions of those who seek and offer rationalizing action explanations. This scrutiny shows, I argue, that where rational features play an explanatory role in these contexts, causal features play only a presuppositional role. But causal features would have to play an explanatory role if rationalizing action explanation were a species of causal explanation. Consequently, it is not a species of causal explanation.

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Friebe, Cord. "Psychoanalytic action explanation." Philosophical Explorations 18, no. 1 (February 17, 2014): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13869795.2014.885991.

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Uebel, Thomas. "Narratives and Action Explanation." Philosophy of the Social Sciences 42, no. 1 (December 15, 2011): 31–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0048393111426401.

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Isaacs, T. "Action and Its Explanation." Philosophical Review 114, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00318108-114-1-128.

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Brendan McSweeney, L. "Accounting in organizational action: A subsuming explanation or situated explanations?" Accounting, Management and Information Technologies 5, no. 3-4 (July 1995): 245–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0959-8022(96)00002-1.

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Buckareff, Andrei A., and Jing Zhu. "The Primacy of the Mental in the Explanation of Human Action." Disputatio 3, no. 26 (May 1, 2009): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/disp-2009-0001.

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Abstract The mentalistic orthodoxy about reason-explanations of action in the philosophy of mind has recently come under renewed attack. Julia Tanney is among those who have critiqued mentalism. The alternative account of the folk practice of giving reason-explanations of actions she has provided affords features of an agent’s external environment a privileged role in explaining the intentional behaviour of agents. The authors defend the mentalistic orthodoxy from Tanney’s criticisms, arguing that Tanney fails to provide a philosophically satisfying or psychologically realistic account of reason-explanation of action.

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Bennett, Christopher. "The Problem of Expressive Action." Philosophy 96, no. 2 (January 29, 2021): 277–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031819120000467.

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AbstractRational explanation of action out of emotion faces a number of challenges. The Wrong Explanation Challenge says that explaining action out of emotion by reference to a purpose rather than an emotion gets it wrong. The Redundancy Challenge says that if explanation of an action by reference to emotion is sufficient then rational explanation is redundant. And the No Further Justification Challenge says that there is no more to say, at the level of rational explanation, about why people act as they do out of a particular emotion. Furthermore, even if these challenges can be addressed, there is a Problem of Expressive Action, since many actions out of emotion seem unpromising candidates for being guided by normative practical reasons of the prudential, instrumental, deontic or consequentialist sort. In response, I argue that many actions out of emotions should be understood as expressive actions guided by the agent's conception of normative practical reasons: specifically, their conception of expressive reasons.

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Haji, Ishtiyaque. "Libertarianism, Luck, and Action Explanation." Journal of Philosophical Research 30 (2005): 321–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jpr20053041.

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Lansky, Melvin. "The Explanation of Impulsive Action." British Journal of Psychotherapy 6, no. 1 (September 1989): 10–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0118.1989.tb01259.x.

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Ekström, Mats. "Causal Explanation of Social Action." Acta Sociologica 35, no. 2 (April 1992): 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000169939203500203.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Action explanation"

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Zilhao, Antonio Jose Teiga. "Action, explanation and rationality." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288024.

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Stout, Rowland. "The teleological explanation of action." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0f9add24-82bb-4777-b2c4-669262f2015b.

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A different analytical approach to that of the standard causal theory to the explanation of action is proposed. It is argued that the most basic kind of explanation of action is teleological explanation in terms of external reasons. what this amounts to is that an action is the result of a causal process which adapts its results to whatever is objectively practically rational. Explanation in terms of psychological states depends on being able to make this externalist sort of explanation. Central to this account is a theory of causal explanation which depends on the notion of a causal process. A causal process is a real entity distinct from an event. A phenomenon is causally explained when a description of the phenomenon is determined by a theoretical structure which represents how a process which results in the phenomenon works. In teleological explanation, the theoretical structure is that of practical rationality. It is argued that this must be regarded as objective practical rationality. Only purposeful activity can be explained in this way. An account of evolutionary function is provided to show why. it differs from this. This account of teleological explanation, because it does not involve internal mental states, may be used to show how we attribute such states. An agent is essentially a teleological machine. Accounts of perception, beliefs and intentions are provided based on this.

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TAMURA, Hitoshi. ""Will" and "Ishi" : Explanation of Action in Cross-Cultural Perspectives." School of Letters, Nagoya University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14562.

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Alvarez, Maria. "Some questions about the ontology and explanation of intentional action." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.484171.

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Haddock, Adrian James. "The place of action : a non-causal account of action and its explanation by reasons." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275894.

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Liljenberg, Anders. "Customer-geared competition : a socio-Austrian explanation of Tertius Gaudens." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics (Ekonomiska forskningsinstitutet vid Handelshögsk.) (EFI), 2001. http://www.hhs.se/efi/summary/552.htm.

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McNiff, Jean Eudora. "An explanation for an individual's educational development through the dialectic of action research." Thesis, University of Bath, 1989. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252956.

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Huang, Hua. "Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase inhibits macrophage migration,a potential explanation for iNOS's proatherosclerotic action." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-165079.

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Macrophage-derived foam cells play a critical role in all stages of atherosclerosis, from the earliest discernable lesions to complex plaques. oxLDL is thought to be a main trigger for endothelial release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, subsequently causing transmigration of the monocytes into the vessel wall. Moreover, formation of macrophage-derived foam cells is mainly induced by oxLDL. Deposition of macrophage-derived foam cells in the lesions is induced by oxLDL uptake, as this uptake causes migratory arrest of the cells. Therefore, reversion of migratory arrest of macrophage-derived foam cells might enable these cells to leave the plaques resulting in reduction of plaque sizes. Our results show that iNOS participates in the mechanisms of oxLDL induced inhibition of macrophage-derived foam cell migration. Inhibition of iNOS expression completely reversed oxLDL mediated migratory arrest of macrophage-derived foam cells. Inhibition of iNOS was associated with enhanced phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and subseqent actin polymerization. Furthermore, the p-FAK triggered increase in actin polymerization is dependent on iNOS mediated increased oxidative stress. Our results suggest that iNOS may be an interesting target gene to reverse the process of atherosclerosis.

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Haar, D. H. "Formalised modelling of action theory in the explanation of crime for prediction, deduction and intervention." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599815.

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This dissertation proposes an original approach to theory of action in psychological and sociological criminology, i.e. to theory explaining the causation of human wilful behaviour at great abstraction through the information processing conducted by each individual human agent. It is argued that the model presented in this dissertation, the so-called Minimal Model of Action, is more theoretically comprehensive than prior familiar approaches originating in various related fields, in particular through its integration of both rational and habitual aspects of behaviour in a unified causal argument. Secondly, it is argued that the model is more methodologically appealing than previous approaches due to its formalisation through conventional mathematics. The proposed model is brought to bear on more concrete behavioural data and criminological problems in three separate chapters so as to scrutinise its validity and tractability from three methodologically different angles. An experimental chapter shows that empirical responses to computer-based scenario tasks frequently display behaviour patterns, especially forms of habituation, which the Minimal Model of Action in its simulated implementations and unlike previous models manages to explain and predict. In the following chapter, it is mainly shown through mathematical deduction both in continuation of and in juxtaposition to prior economic reasoning in which ways “optimum law enforcement” levels are systematically overestimated (and sometimes underestimated) under a variety of conditions when over-rationalised conceptions of the individual offender are employed. Finally, a chapter on aggregate levels of small-scale public corruption employs the general model to simulate a typical criminal phenomenon to the explanation of which economic and broader social conceptions of human agency equally should contribute.

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Huang, Hua [Verfasser], and Ulrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Hoffmann. "Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase inhibits macrophage migration,a potential explanation for iNOS's proatherosclerotic action / Hua Huang. Betreuer: Ulrich Hoffmann." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1047762056/34.

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Books on the topic "Action explanation"

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Action and its explanation. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2003.

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Martin, John Levi. The explanation of social action. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.

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The explanation of social action. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.

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Sandis, Constantine, ed. New Essays on the Explanation of Action. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230582972.

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Explaining human action. London: Duckworth, 1990.

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Explaining human action. La Salle, Ill: Open Court, 1990.

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Sibelius, Patrick. Natural contradictions and the concept of action in mechanics. Åbo: Åbo Academy Press, 1990.

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8

Desire: Its role in practical reason and the explanation of action. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1995.

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Reasons and purposes: Human rationality and the teleological explanation of action. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2003.

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Explanation and experiment in social psychological science: Realism and the social constitution of action. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Action explanation"

1

O’Brien, Lilian. "Action Explanation." In Philosophy of Action, 77–100. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137317483_6.

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Stoecker, Ralf. "Action Explanation." In A Companion to Donald Davidson, 13–31. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118328408.ch1.

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Coval, S. C., and P. G. Campbell. "Action As Explanation." In Agency in Action, 1–29. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2422-5_1.

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Holmwood, John, and Alexander Stewart. "Rationality and Action." In Explanation and Social Theory, 63–88. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21627-7_5.

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Holmwood, John, and Alexander Stewart. "Action and Structure." In Explanation and Social Theory, 89–113. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-21627-7_6.

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Holmwood, John, and Alexander Stewart. "Rationality and Action." In Explanation and Social Theory, 63–88. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13216-4_5.

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Holmwood, John, and Alexander Stewart. "Action and Structure." In Explanation and Social Theory, 89–113. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13216-4_6.

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Swindal, James. "The Explanation of Action." In Action and Existence, 105–28. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230355460_6.

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Sehon, Scott. "Teleological Explanation." In A Companion to the Philosophy of Action, 121–28. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444323528.ch16.

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Marras, Ausonio. "Metaphysical Foundations of Action Explanation." In Contemporary Action Theory Volume 1: Individual Action, 45–64. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0439-7_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Action explanation"

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Yang, Shaohua, Qiaozi Gao, Sari Sadiya, and Joyce Chai. "Commonsense Justification for Action Explanation." In Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/d18-1283.

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Sato, Masahiro, Shin Kawai, and Hajime Nobuhara. "Action-Triggering Recommenders: Uplift Optimization and Persuasive Explanation." In 2019 International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdmw.2019.00155.

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Kanamori, Kentaro, Takuya Takagi, Ken Kobayashi, and Hiroki Arimura. "DACE: Distribution-Aware Counterfactual Explanation by Mixed-Integer Linear Optimization." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/395.

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Counterfactual Explanation (CE) is one of the post-hoc explanation methods that provides a perturbation vector so as to alter the prediction result obtained from a classifier. Users can directly interpret the perturbation as an "action" for obtaining their desired decision results. However, an action extracted by existing methods often becomes unrealistic for users because they do not adequately care about the characteristics corresponding to the empirical data distribution such as feature-correlations and outlier risk. To suggest an executable action for users, we propose a new framework of CE for extracting an action by evaluating its reality on the empirical data distribution. The key idea of our proposed method is to define a new cost function based on the Mahalanobis' distance and the local outlier factor. Then, we propose a mixed-integer linear optimization approach to extracting an optimal action by minimizing our cost function. By experiments on real datasets, we confirm the effectiveness of our method in comparison with existing methods for CE.

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Kaptein, Frank, Joost Broekens, Koen Hindriks, and Mark Neerincx. "Personalised self-explanation by robots: The role of goals versus beliefs in robot-action explanation for children and adults." In 2017 26th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/roman.2017.8172376.

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Kim, Sunbin, and Hyeoncheol Kim. "Deep Explanation Model for Facial Expression Recognition Through Facial Action Coding Unit." In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Big Data and Smart Computing (BigComp). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigcomp.2019.8679370.

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Eifler, Rebecca, Marcel Steinmetz, Álvaro Torralba, and Jörg Hoffmann. "Plan-Space Explanation via Plan-Property Dependencies: Faster Algorithms & More Powerful Properties." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/566.

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Justifying a plan to a user requires answering questions about the space of possible plans. Recent work introduced a framework for doing so via plan-property dependencies, where plan properties p are Boolean functions on plans, and p entails q if all plans that satisfy p also satisfy q. We extend this work in two ways. First, we introduce new algorithms for computing plan-property dependencies, leveraging symbolic search and devising pruning methods for this purpose. Second, while the properties p were previously limited to goal facts and so-called action-set (AS) properties, here we extend them to LTL. Our new algorithms vastly outperform the previous ones, and our methods for LTL cause little overhead on AS properties.

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Guerreiro, Gustavo, Lucas Vargas, Igor Zafriel Schmidt, and Ricardo De la Rocha Ladeira. "Two Kingdoms: Relato de Desenvolvimento de um Jogo Utilizando Godot Engine." In Computer on the Beach. São José: Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14210/cotb.v12.p571-574.

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This paper aims to explain the game development experience creating ‘Two Kingdoms’ an Action RPG with an 8-way movement, top-down camera, focused on exploration, and a multi-stage adventure while ex-plaining the functionalities of the used engine. The different abilities and knowledge necessary to develop a game and how they were learned will also be included, like coding, math, physics, music, art, and storyline creation. The article addresses game creation experience, such as the choosing process of the engine, the tools used for art and music creation, and the explanation of some functions provided by Go-dot Engine for the development of the game presented priorly.

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Szczeklik, A., R. J. Gryglewski, and M. Wandzilak. "THE EFFECT OF SIX PROSTAGLANDINS, PROSTACYCLIN AND ILOPROST ON GENERATION OF SUPEROXIDE ANIONS (0J) BY HUMAN NEUTROPHILS (PMNs) ACTIVATED BY ZYMOSAN OR FMLP." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643160.

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Human PMNs in a suspension (2.5 - 3.5 × 106 cells/ml of PBS) were activated by opsonized zymosan (2.5 mg/ml) or by FMLP (22 jjg/ml) in presence or absence of prostaglandins (PG) E1 E2, D2, 6-keto-F2α, 6-keto-E1 prostacyclin and Iloprost (3nM -30 pM). The generation of superoxide anions was measured as a SOD-sensitive reduction of ferrocytochrome c. In FMLP-stimulated PMNs an average production of 0- 2 of 18 ± 3.2 nmoles/10- 2 PMNs/10 min was suppressed by 25% at following concentrations of PGD2, PGE2, PGE1s 6-keto-PGE! and PGF2 : 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8 and>30.0 pM, respectively. No significant inhibition occurred in the presence of prostacyclin, 6-keto-PGF2 and Iloprost at concentrations as high as 30 pM. In zymosan-stimulated PMNs prostaglandins of E series were less potent inhibitors than in FMLP-stimulated PMNs by following factors: PGE2 - 20, 6-keto-PGE2 - 13, PGE1 - 4, whereas PGD2 was equally potent inhibitor in FMLP- and zymosan-stimulated PMNs. It is concluded that PGE2 is an antagonist of FMLP-receptor-mediated events which are responsible for the generation of superoxide anions in PMNs, whereas its isomer PGD2 has another mechanism of the 0- 2-suppressive action. Perhaps, PGD2 is a direct inhibitor of membrane-bound NADPH-oxidase or an antagonist of oxygen activation by leukotrienes and lipoxins or a promotor of scavenging of 0- 2 by mitochondrial membranes. The latter mechanism has been proposed recently by Gryglewski as explanation for cytoprotective action of stable biologically active metabolites of prostacyclin. Mechanisms of anti-0- 2 action of PGE1 and 6-keto-PGE1 in PMNs are likely to be intermediate between these proposed for PGE2 and PGD2.

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Shih, Andy, Arthur Choi, and Adnan Darwiche. "A Symbolic Approach to Explaining Bayesian Network Classifiers." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/708.

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We propose an approach for explaining Bayesian network classifiers, which is based on compiling such classifiers into decision functions that have a tractable and symbolic form. We introduce two types of explanations for why a classifier may have classified an instance positively or negatively and suggest algorithms for computing these explanations. The first type of explanation identifies a minimal set of the currently active features that is responsible for the current classification, while the second type of explanation identifies a minimal set of features whose current state (active or not) is sufficient for the classification. We consider in particular the compilation of Naive and Latent-Tree Bayesian network classifiers into Ordered Decision Diagrams (ODDs), providing a context for evaluating our proposal using case studies and experiments based on classifiers from the literature.

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Nakamura, Tomomichi. "An Analysis of In-Flow Fluidelastic Instability Based on a Physical Insight." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28231.

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Fluidelastic vibration of tube arrays caused by cross-flow has recently been highlighted by a practical event. There have been many studies on fluidelastic instability, but almost all works have been devoted to the tube-vibration in the transverse direction to the flow. For this reason, there are few data on the fluidelastic forces for the in-flow movement of the tubes, although the measured data on the stability boundary has gradually increased. The most popular method to estimate the fluidelastic force is to measure the force acting on tubes due to the flow, combined with the movement of the tubes. However, this method does not give the physical explanation of the root-cause of fluidelastic instability. In the work reported here, the in-flow instability is assumed to be a nonlinear phenomenon with a retarded or delayed action between adjacent tubes. The fluid force acting on tubes are estimated, based on the measured data in another paper for the fixed cylinders with distributed pressure sensors on the surface of the cylinders. The fluid force acting on the downstream-cylinder is assumed in this paper to have a delayed time basically based on the distance between the separation point of the upstream-cylinder to the re-attachment point, where the fluid flows with a certain flow velocity. Two models are considered: a two-cylinder and three–cylinder models, based on the same dimensions as our experimental data to check the critical flow velocity. Both models show the same order of the critical flow velocity and a similar trend for the effect of the pitch-to-diameter ratio of the tube arrays, which indicates this analysis has a potential to explain the in-flow instability if an adequate fluid force is used.

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Reports on the topic "Action explanation"

1

Bruce, Judith, and Shelley Clark. Including married adolescents in adolescent reproductive health and HIV/AIDS policy. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy22.1002.

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The majority of sexually active girls aged 15–19 in developing countries are married, and married adolescent girls tend to have higher rates of HIV infection than their sexually active, unmarried peers. Married adolescent girls represent a sizable fraction of adolescents at risk and experience some of the highest rates of HIV prevalence of any group. Nonetheless, married adolescents have been marginal in adolescent HIV/AIDS policies and programs and have not been the central subjects for programs aimed at adult married women. This paper offers a partial explanation for why married adolescents have so often been overlooked, the reasons why marriage might bring elevated risk of HIV, initial analytic tools to assist policymakers in determining how to accord appropriate levels of priority to the marriage process, five brief case studies, and a menu of potential policy interventions and actions to make married adolescents an integral part of reproductive health and HIV-prevention initiatives.

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Bechtel Jacobs. Explanation of Significant Differences for the Record of Decision for Interim Actions in Zone 1, East Tennessee Technology Park, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1015992.

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