Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Action verbs'
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Tyson, Rikita Lenise. "Good Fooling: Modality and Linguistic Action in Shakespeare's Comedies." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10453.
Full textThomas, Sean C. "UNDERSTANDING THE NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL REPRESENTATION PATTERNS OF NON-VERIFIABLE MENTAL ACTION VERBS: AN ERP INVESTIGATION." Thesis, Laurentian University of Sudbury, 2014. https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/2161.
Full textEriksson, Johanna, and Emma Hallqvist. "Verbbenämning hos svenska barn i åldern 3;6 till 5;5 år : En studie av prestation på Action Naming Test." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Logopedi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-77925.
Full textVerb naming comprises the ability to name an activity illustrated in a picture. Previous studies have shown that pre-school children have more difficulties in the naming of verbs than in naming of nouns (Gentner, 1982; Kauschke, Lee & Pae, 2007). This is explained as being partly due to the greater linguistical complexity of verbs compared to nouns (Gentner & Boroditsky, 2001) and that verbs are more difficult to illustrate (Masterson, Druks & Gallienne, 2008). Picture naming tests are frequently used in order to investigate naming ability but today a verb naming test is not available for Swedish children. The present study aimed to investigate naming ability of verbs in Swedish children, and to evaluate if the Swedish translation of the Action Naming Test (ANT) is applicable on children. In addition, all participants were tested with both ANT and the Boston Naming Test (BNT) in order to evaluate the participating children’s naming ability of verbs and nouns in order to make a comparison between the two of them. In the present study 116 children aged 3;6 to 5;5 years divided into four age groups participated. The results on the ANT showed continuously higher scores with increasing age. The error analysis showed that the most frequently occurring error categories were either semantically related (words within the same or superordinate category) or perceptually related (misinterpretation of the picture). When comparing the results between the ANT and the BNT higher scores were shown on the ANT in all age groups. This could imply that the participating children are beyond the age when nouns are easier to name than verbs, or that unlike previous studies, verbs are easier to learn. More likely, the test results are not comparable with each other. With some adjustments, the ANT is considered applicable for Swedish pre-school children.
McPherson, Leslie M. (Leslie Margaret). "Identifying verbs early in language learning : the roles of action and argument structure." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39964.
Full textShah, Claire Supriya. "The Development of a Lexicon for the Communication of Action in Cooperative Work." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1578594776724604.
Full textMachado, Juliana Helena Bruno. "Registro neurofisiológico durante orientação semântica para verbos de ações de diferentes partes do corpo." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2015.
Find full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociência e Cognição, 2015.
Observa-se, nos últimos anos, um crescimento no número de publicações acerca da semântica de verbos, através da teoria associativa de Pulvermüller (2001) que têm apoiado o enfoque da Cognição Incorporada (Embodied Cognition) em sua proposição de união em um circuito único dos sistemas perceptual, motor e linguístico. Estudos sobre processamentos léxico-semânticos de verbos e suas representações neurais têm comprovado que a mente humana e seus substratos neurais distinguem verbos de acordo com partes do corpo/agentes da ação. Entretanto, ainda não foram encontradas pesquisas mostrem o efeito da orientação semântica para estes verbos. O presente projeto teve como objetivo ampliar conhecimentos da teoria associativa de Pulvermüller, verificando se é possível direcionar a atenção para aspectos semânticos de verbos de ação. Utilizou-se a tarefa que requer recursos atencionais, proposta por Cristescu et al (2006) ao estudar classes de substantivos. Neste estudo foram utilizadas classes semânticas de verbos, tendo como agente da ação mão ou perna/corpo. Os verbos foram controlados quanto à extensão, frequência, especificidade, partes do corpo/agentes de ação e foram obtidos registros neurofisiológicos durante a execução da tarefa. Duas tarefas foram propostas: uma com pistas pictóricas e outra com pistas simbólicas. Ambas se caracterizaram pela apresentação de pistas semânticas antes da apresentação de verbos e pseudoverbos, após a qual os participantes deveriam realizar uma tarefa de decisão lexical. Foram selecionados 240 estímulos, sendo 60 verbos de movimentos de mão, 60 verbos de perna e 120 pseudoverbos. Nos dois experimentos, os estímulos eram antecedidos por pistas corretas e pistas neutras. Este estudo contou com a presença de 30 participantes entre 18 e 30 anos, universitários e destros, divididos em 2 grupos de 15. As hipóteses comportamentais foram (1) pistas pictóricas favorecerão um processamento mais automático do que pistas simbólicas e portanto menor tempo de reação; (2) a alocação da atenção para aspectos de partes do corpo/agentes de ação será maior para verbos de perna/corpo por serem ações mais difíceis de serem classificadas/distinguidas (ex: andar, correr, caminhar); e (3) a tarefa favorecerá os tempos de reação quando o estímulo for precedido por pistas válidas. Quanto aos registros neurofisiológicos, têm-se como hipóteses: (1) ocorrência de potenciais evocados por evento (PRE) em janelas de tempo precoces e (2) alteração dos sinais indicativos de processamento semântico, como o N400 e o P600 em função dos registros anteriores. Os resultados encontrados corroboram as hipóteses (2) e (3) comportamentais e as três eletrofisiológicas, já que foi encontrada 7 significância em P1/N1, com pico maior para verbos relativos a corpo quando comparados a verbos de mão. No entanto, não foi encontrada diferença entre os dois tipos de pista. Concluiu-se que é possível direcionar a atenção para características semânticas de verbos de ação, fato inovador, já que esse tipo de tarefa só foi utilizada com substantivos até a presente data. Achados no componente N400 mostram que há uma diferenciação no processamento de verbos de mão e corpo, o que indica necessidade de estudos futuros para clarificar os tempos de processamento e possíveis fontes de sinal.
It is noteworthy the increasing number of publications on verbs¿ semantics supported by the Pulverüller's associative theory (2001) which ground the Embodied Cognition model and in its proposition of a unitary network involving perceptual, motor and linguistic systems. Studies involving verbs' lexical-semantic processing and its neural representation have confirmed that human mind and its neural subtrates distinguish verbs according to body parts/action agents. However, it wasn't found researches that show the effect of semantic orientation to these verbs. Thus, the present project intended to extend the knowledge of Pulvermüller's associative theory, veryfing if it is possible to allocate attention to semantic features of action verbs. We used a task that required attentional resources, proposed by Cristescu et al (2006) to study nouns catogories. On this study, we used semantic verb classes that present as agent of action hands and legs/body. The verbs were balanced in their extension, frequency, specificity, body parts/action agents, and neurophisiological data was collected during the tasks. Two tasks were designed: one with pictorial cues and another with symbolic cues. At both tasks, subjects were asked to atend to a semantic cue before stimuli (verbs and non verbs) presentation. Then, subjects had to perform a lexical decision task. We selected 240 stimuli, of which 60 were verbs representing hand actions, 60 legs action, and 120 pseudoverbs. In both experiments, stimuli were preceded by valid and neutral cues. Participated on this study 30 undergraduate students, between 18 and 30 years old, right-handed and with normal or corrected to normal vision. They were divided in 2 groups of 15. The behavioral hypothesis were (1) pictorial cues will favour a more automatic processing than the symbolic ones, therefore, a faster reaction time; (2) the alocation of attention to body parts/agents of action features will be more pronounced to body-action verbs as they represent action harder to classify/distinguish (eg: to walk, to run, to stroll); and (3) the task will favour reaction times when verbs are preceded by valid cues. As for the neurophysiological recording, we hypothesied that: (1) evoked-related potentials (ERP) in early time Windows and (2) alteration of the semantic processing indicative signals (i.e.: the N400 and the P600) due to the earlier potentials. The findings corroborate behavioral hypothesis (2) and (3), since it was found a significance in P1/N1, with a more pronounced peak to body-action verbs when compared to hand-action verbs. However, it was not found any difference between the two kinds of cues. Therefore, it is possible to orient attention to semantic features of action verbs, an inovator fact, 9 since this kind of task has only been used with nouns till the presente. Findings in N400 component show that there is a differentiation in the processing of hand-action verbs and bodyaction verbs, though it requires further analysis to clarify the processing times and the possible current sources.
Martin, Fabienne. "Prédicats statifs, causatifs et résultatifs en discours. Sémantique des adjectifs évaluatifs et des verbes psychologiques." Phd thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00450803.
Full textŽukaitė, Kristina. "The relation between lexico-semantic groups and modes of action (on the material of phrasal verbs with the postverb up)." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110802_161956-39923.
Full textFrazinių veiksmažodžių tyrimo objektas – sudėtingas kalbinis reiškinys, keliantis daug teorinių klausimų (kalbinę padėtį, žodžių vedybos aspektą, leksinę reikšmę, aspektualumą ir kt.). Anglų kalbos postverbas UP yra pasirinktas mokslo tiriamajame darbe siekiant ištirti ryšį tarp leksinių-semantinių grupių ir veiksmo būdų. Manome, kad mūsų mokslo tiriamasis darbas bei surinkti duomenys gali būti naudojami anglų kalbos leksikologijoje, žodžių daryboje bei semantikoje.
Heaps, Amy M. "Comparison of Stimulus Delivery Methods via an iPad to Teach the Expressive Labeling of Action Verbs to Children With Autism." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7272.
Full textRabahi, Tahar. "Étude des relations entre stimuli cognitifs et la motricité relative à un geste complexe." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10023/document.
Full textSeveral studies have shown that cortical motor areas, located in the frontal cortex and responsible for voluntary movement, might be involved in the process of understanding action words. From this point of view, it has been reported that the performance of a simple motor act (e.g.: catching an object) might be improved by the pronunciation, reading or listening to words referring to the action. We approached the relationship between speech and action through the study of the effect of action verbs and other cognitive stimuli, kinesthetic imagery (KI) and mental subtraction (MS), upon the performance of a complex motor act, the Squat vertical jump (SVJ). We measured the height of SVJ in young naive men (7 experiments, n = 114) and women (2 experiments, n = 41) using an Optojump® and a Myotest® apparatuses. The results showed that the silent and loud pronunciation of specific action verb to SVJ (jump), the KI and the MS improved significantly the performance of the movement, in men (up to 2.7 cm) but less in women (up to + 1 cm in the 2 experiments). The results of other experiments obtained with men indicated that pronunciation of the action verb nonspecific to the jump (pinch) increased also the SVJ performance, while the pronunciation or listening to other verbs unrelated to the jump (Jick, move) had no significant effect on the SVJ. A meaningless verb for the French subjects (tiao = jump in Chinese) showed, in turn, no effect as did dream, faJJ and stop. The verb win improved significantly the SVJ height as much as its antonym Jose, thus suggesting a possible influence of affects in the subjects' performance. It appears that the effects of the specific action verb jump did seem effective but not totally exclusive for the enhancement of the SVJ performance, since non-linguistic stimuli (IK) or unrelated to action (MS) may have had a positive effect on the improvement in motor performance. Moreover verbs referring to emotion, unrelated to action, increased the height of SVJ similarly to the specific action verb jump. The results led us to consider the hypothesis that improving the performance of a complex gesture is dependent, a minima, upon the individual's intention, attention, emotions and also, and perhaps most importantly, concepts (we call concepts, the mental representations) as they may be induced by the cerebral processing of words
Marklund, Ellen. "Infants' ability to form verb-action associations." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Linguistics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-8156.
Full textFour- to eight-month-old infants (n=56) were examined on their ability to acquire verb meaning. In a visual preference procedure they were tested on their ability to form verb-action associations by detecting the correlation between auditory speech stimuli and actions presented in short movie clips on a screen. If associations were formed, they were expected to significantly modify their looking behavior after exposure, looking closer to the target than during baseline. Instead of measuring total looking time as response, distance to target was the chosen measure. Eight-month-olds as well as a reference group of adults acquired the verb-action associations. Thus, eight months is the youngest age at which verb meaning acquisition could be demonstrated so far.
Perrier, Pierre. "Étude des schémas actanciels des verbes agglomérés en -hada, -tweda et -sikhida en coréen moderne." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUL131.
Full textThe aim of this descriptive study is to carry out a morphosyntactic analysis, with semantic correlates, of the actancial patterns of the agglomerated verbs of modern Korean, with pattern [ N - V ], N being an action noun constituting the lexical base and V a grammaticalized verb which can be hada, to͡eda or çikhida. The examination of linguistic data leads to consider the following paradigm of verbs of a certain productivity : hada, to͡eda, patta, taŋhada and çikhida. The study is based on a sample of 35 lexical bases compatible with at least three of these grammaticalized verbs cited, including hada. It also analyses a corpus of statements extracted from the Web, based on aggregated verbs including these bases and attesting to their use in the formal register of oral lan-guage. The corpus of utterances allows a contrastive study of the utterances that were based on verbs with the same lexical base. The results obtained are interpreted according to Lazard's actance model. The results show that the grammaticalized verbs quoted allow actance variations of three orders: differential marking of the ob-ject, indirect construction and diathesis variation. These diathesis variations use two operations of transfor-mation of the actancian scheme associated with the lexical base, diathesis and transitivation according to Creis-sels' terms. The set of facts examined shows that the actance variations observed mainly depend on the follow-ing factors: communicative aim, telicity of the process, semantic type of process and semantic characterization of the arguments in terms of animosy and intentionality
Manchon, Mélanie. "Le lexique des verbes en dénomination orale : étude exploratoire chez l'aphasique et étude en IRMf chez le sujet sain." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00639258.
Full textChaumont-Chancelier, Frédérique. "Action humaine et évolution culturelle : vers un entrepreneur en institution." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX32016.
Full textThe new institutional economics demonstrate the role of institutions in the process of economic growth. It also attempts to explain how these institutions emerge and develop. This thesis concentrates upon the drawbacks of these approaches and upon the necessity of an evolutionary theory as an explanation of the institutional dynamics. However, even in its more refined version, that is of hayek, institutional evolutionism does not explicitly refer to human action. The thesis put forward here is that it is possible to fill this gap in conceiving of an "extented" evolutionism by revealing the role of individual behaviors within institutional dynamics. Relationship rules can only develop and chrystalize into institutions thanks to the actions of "pioneers", just as institutional rules can change through the actions of "prophets". Pionniers and prophets are entrepreneurs in institution, sensitive to the tensions between life plans and rules. These tensions are ethical by nature and their subjective dimension explains the permanence of the institutional dynamics
François, Jacques. "Changement, causation, action : trois categories fondamentales de la description semantique du lexique verbal (avec une attention particuliere accordee a la mise en contraste du francais et de l'allemand)." Paris 8, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA080097.
Full textThe purpose of this study consists in answering six questions which have to do with the notions of verb of change, causative verb and verb of action, and the use of those notions in the semantic analysis of the verb vocabulary in french and german: a) which place is occupied by the states-of-affair conceived as changes amongst the set of states-of-affair whose conceptualization is to be connected to a predication - i. E. To a pair (verb, actor-frame) - in french and in german? (see chapters i to iv) b) which linguistic means of expression are at the disposal of a speaker who intends to express an state-of-affair he conceives as a change? (see chapter ii and espe- cially chapter iv for the classification of such german resultative constructions as "hans schrie sich die kehle wund")? c) how do the semantic properties of the finite verb, the actor-frame, the tense and aspect morphems, etc. Interact, when a state-of-affair conceived as a change has to get a sentence form? (see chapter v) d) which sort of discovery procedure is to be applied in order to test the ability of a lexical item to denote a state-of-affair conceived either as an autonomous change or as a change causing event or as a change causing action? (see chapters iv and v) e) which informations about the semantic structuration of the french and the german verb vocabulary are to be obtained from the interlingual confrontation of the verbs of change in a specific semantic field? (see chapters vii to ix) f) which is the most explicit form of lexicographic representation for the results of such a contrastive analysis? (see chapters vii to ix which are devoted to the de- tailed comparative study of the semantic fields of breathing and of knowledge transmis- sion in german and in french)
Lavigne, Delville Philippe. "Vers une socio-anthropologie des interventions de développement comme action publique." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00683177.
Full textSanders, Jessica R. "Actions/Objects: A Knotting." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1276036952.
Full textMoumtzidou, Argyro. "L'éveil aux langues dans la formation des enseignant/es grec/ques : vers un modèle dynamique de formation-action." Thesis, Le Mans, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LEMA3013/document.
Full textIntercultural Training in teacher education is not limited to the idea of tolerance and acceptance of others. It consists of three integrated principles: the awakening and strengthening of critical thinking among the teacher, his interest in the implementation of educational innovation and the ability to build a more holistic view and more effective management of human and social complexity. Our work presents an action-research project that lasted two years and was aimed at training (long-term) of the Greek teachers. The final sample who participated in our research is 10 persons, all early childhood, primary and high school teachers who are working in multilingual classes. The training model called "Evolutionary training model" is based on the general assumption that the innovation of the Awakening to Languages, when en-golfed by teachers education, may create among teachers knowledge, attitudes and skills that enable them to make better use of the linguistic and cultural capital of their students and provide them a set of practices and a typology of skills that can facilitate them to work with languages throughout the curriculum. To test our hypothesis we chose a triangular approach. Research tools in part have been developed by us, in part from comparable research. These are two types of questionnaires, group interviews recorded and transcribed. In addition, we have based on our own observations as well as the experiment conducted by teachers in multilingual early childhood and primary school classes. In our participatory and action-oriented training, a second set of assumptions has emerged : our long group discussions, individual interviews, our observations have led us to ask whether a dynamic and systemic approach to the type of action-research training, as has been the training at the Awakening Languages, may create the necessary conditions, intra psychic and intra groupal so that the teachers develop a reflexive attitude towards their own, representations, manage their own social and professional problems in a dynamic way and stop feeling professional isolation. The main conclusion is that before talking about an effective intercultural education, we need to modify some elements in the socio-professional and personal identity of the teachers because the innovation of Awakening to Languages can help teachers realize their own representations of linguistic and cultural diversity in the classroorn, as well as their teaching practices and renegotiate with them
Ward, Emma J. "What's in a verb?: Insights from behavioural and neural investigations of action picture naming." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2022. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/232656/1/Emma_Ward_Thesis.pdf.
Full textQuesque, François. "Montre-moi comment tu bouges, je te dirai à quoi tu penses : vers une approche incarnée de la cognition sociale." Thesis, Lille 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL30043/document.
Full textThis thesis assumes a grounded approach to social cognition, which defends that our abilities to understand others’ mental states rely on our immediate experience of sensori-motor informations in social interactions and do not need any inference processes. Some critical theorethical limits have been addressed to this approach to social cognition. Typically, it is considered that this conception can not explain high order mentalization, as, for example, the inference of social intentions, because there are not systematic links between those cognitive constructs and the systems of perception and action. Through the studies of this thesis, we have in a first time showed that the kinematics of voluntary movements are influenced by the type of social intention that is endorsed by participants. Precisely, when an action is produced for a partner, its spatio-temporal characteristics are amplified. Then, we have demonstrated that these kinematic variations are influenced by the physical properties of the partner, and particularly by the eyes’ level. Finally, our results showed that these typical kinematic variations are implicitly processed during social interaction and that they can trigger spontaneous social intention attribution. Interestingly, the ability of participants to access others’ mental states from motor action variations is strongly related to their explicit mentalizing performances. In sum, this thesis provides the first experimental evidences supporting the possibility to spontaneously access to others’ social intentions from perceptive and motor processes
Subramanyam, Anusha. "Teaching Generalized Action Verb-Referent Relations| An Application of Instructional Design to Equivalence-Based Instruction." Thesis, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10036406.
Full textThis experiment tested the effectiveness of an equivalence-based instructional procedure on verb acquisition among five typically developing, low-performing first grade students. Additionally, the researcher compared the possibly differential effects of picture and video formats to teach actions as concepts. The researcher custom-designed a computerized, multiple exemplar plus fluency-based match-to-sample training procedure to directly train 96 total relations across 24 potential generalized equivalence classes (i.e., 24 verbs). After training, students completed post-tests for 408 potential untaught relations per verb. The independent variables in this study were the instructional procedure implemented and the two instructional visual depiction formats—photo and video. A multiple treatments, multi-probe experimental design was conducted. The researcher measured (1) accuracy, (2) rate of response, (3) the number of criterion-level performances, (4) the number of derived and generalized relations, and (5) the number of stimulus classes formed across three dependent variables: emergent relations tests, generalized emergence tests, and retention tests. The results showed that (1) the procedure implemented was overall effective in facilitating verb acquisition across some but not all measures tested; (2) video format was as, if not more, effective compared to picture format; and (3) which format promotes relatively better acquisition depends on the unique learning history of the individual student. This was a preliminary investigation and, therefore, provides initial information on verb acquisition, adds to the literature in generalized equivalence class formation, and serves as a basis for many areas of additional research.
Ghadgoud, Khawla. "Negation patterns in Libyan Arabic and Modern Arabic varieties." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/negation-patterns-in-libyan-arabic-and-modern-arabic-varieties(1e47b467-2384-4d77-a4cd-9dd32852af87).html.
Full textCoton, Guillaume. "Autonomie individuelle et action collective : la mise en forme du lien social dans le parti des Verts." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00675512.
Full textAussems, Suzanne. "How seeing iconic gestures facilitates action event memory and verb learning in 3-year-old children." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/98793/.
Full textKamga, Rachel Solange. "Les approches systémiques et recherche-action appliquées à la coopération scientifique francophone : vers une construction savante ?" Paris 8, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA083304.
Full textSilva, Maria Isabel Ramos Lopes da. "De l'education des enfants a la formation des adultes : vers une methologie de la recherche-action." Caen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CAEN1119.
Full textBouldi, Melina. "Vers une application sûre de l'IRM en présence d'implants actifs." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENY056/document.
Full textMRI is generally considered to be an exceptionally safe imaging method. However, in the presence of electrically conducting implants health risks exist, particularly in terms of RF heating of the tissues in contact with the implant. Some implants are cleared by the manufacturers or regulatory agencies for MR imaging of patients, but only under strictly limited conditions which often degrade image quality and exclude many configurations. The goal of this thesis project was to optimize and validate the methods for the assessment of MR safety in the presence of active implants. Increasing the predictability of the risk of RF heating in individual subjects should allow MRI to find wider applications in patients implanted with active devices.This project is based on three distinct approaches:- Measurements and MR method developments performed on test objects. Existing B1-mapping techniques were optimized for the specific needs of high dynamic range encountered in the presence of induced RF currents in conductors, leading to the “Actual Multiple Flip-Angle Imaging” technique. Further work has been performed on the optimization of rapid “Proton Resonance Frequency Shift” MR thermography.- The development of numerical simulations of the electromagnetic interactions between the RF resonator and implants as well as their thermal impact. A numerical RF resonator model was built and validated it using both theoretical and experimental studies. The optimization of the resonator has led to the development of an original method to rapidly and precisely adjust the individual capacitor values to obtain a given targeted current distribution. Separately, the measurement of RF currents induced in conductive wires, via B1 mapping, was developed. This method to measure RF currents in a specific configuration opens the possibility to evaluate RF safety in individual subjects using a low-SAR prescan prior to other acquisitions, for use in hypothetical future protocols on patients.- The construction of a simplified numerical model of deep brain stimulation electrodes, using transmission line theory. This model renders RF simulations tractable, while exhibiting the same electrical behavior as the real implant, allowing evaluation of RF heating in simulations covering the size of a whole-body MR resonator.The set of tools developed improve upon the currently available methods for the evaluation of RF safety in the presence of conductive implants
Claudel, Fabien. "Vers le développement d’électrocatalyseurs de dégagement d’oxygène actifs et stables." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAI052.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the study and the development of iridium-based electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers. This work investigates in particular electrocatalyst degradation phenomena and aims at reaching an optimal OER activity-stability ratio. Various electrocatalysts (supported on high-surface area carbon, supported on doped-metal oxides and unsupported) have been synthetized and characterized by electrochemical and physico-chemical methods such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, identical-location transmission electron microscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Supported electrocatalysts feature stability limitations in OER conditions as revealed by agglomeration, coalescence, dissolution, and detachment of iridium oxide nanoparticles, these last two degradation mechanisms being amplified by corrosion of the carbon supports and dissolution of the elements composing the doped metal oxide supports. Unsupported electrocatalysts currently represent the best compromise between OER activity and stability. Ir(III) and Ir(V) oxides were shown to be the most active towards the OER while Ir(IV) oxide is the most stable, the least stable species being metallic iridium Ir(0). In real PEM water electrolyzers, the global electrolysis performance seems to be less impacted by the degradation of catalytic layers than the degradation of current collectors
Brochu, Julie. "Utilisation de la thérapie orientée vers les solutions dans le traitement de l'anxiété." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2845.
Full textLevine, Dani Fara. "Foundations of Vocabulary: Does Statistical Segmentation of Events Contribute to Word Learning?" Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/474152.
Full textPh.D.
This dissertation evaluates the untested assumption that the individuation of events into units matters for word learning, particularly the learning of terms which map onto relational event units (Gentner & Boroditsky, 2001; Maguire et al., 2006). We predicted that 3-year-old children’s statistical action segmentation abilities would relate to their verb comprehension and to their overall vocabulary knowledge (Research Question 1). We also hypothesized that statistical action segmentation would facilitate children’s learning of novel verbs (Research Question 2). Largely confirming our first prediction, children who were better able to statistically segment novel action sequences into reliable units had more sophisticated overall vocabularies and were quicker to select the correct referents of overall vocabulary items and verb vocabulary items; nevertheless, they did not have larger verb vocabularies. Unexpectedly, statistical action segmentation did not facilitate children’s learning of verbs for statistically consistent action units. However, children showed greater learning of verbs labeling statistical action part-units than verbs labeling statistical action non-units, providing some evidence for our second prediction. In sum, this dissertation takes an important step towards understanding how event segmentation may contribute to vocabulary acquisition.
Temple University--Theses
Pierre, Jérémy. "La politique publique des conditions d’accès à l’encadrement sportif en France. Vers une nouvelle gouvernance au tournant du XXIe siècle." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST0027.
Full textDuring the second half of the 20th century, a public policy takes shape around theconditions of access to professional sports training in the private sector gradually monopolized bythe State. This study aims at comprehending this dynamics and at analyzing the move from apublic policy to a public action at the turn of the 2000s as part of a liberalizing process. Indeed,legislative changes question this state exclusivity and bring about a multiplication of thecertifications and certifiers that make it possible to professionally train, supervise and manage asport. In this new governance, several institutions are represented (the Ministry in charge ofSports, the STAPS university sector, along with the recent professional sports sector) and severalpotentially competitive devices (the "professional certifications" now adapted to three differentregisters). In this architecture, expertises and public action instruments are tested to try and bringmore complementarity and legibility. These political reconfigurations and these certificationrenovations are to be considered in the context of a process aimed at Europeanizing therelationship between employment, training and certification and at opening a social dialog. Thesemovements have to face the explosion of the sports sector within the European Union, but also thereluctance of some actors faced with the mobility of sports trainers in the community space.These three processes (structuring, liberalizing and Europeanizing) bring to light underlyingthemes such as the professionalization of sports training, the entry into the era of professionalcertification and the search for European transparency
Leconte, Thierry. "VERS UNE MISE EN oeUVRE EFFICACE DES ACTIONS ATOMIQUES PAR ANALYSE STATIQUE DES PROGRAMMES." Rennes 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN10019.
Full textMawadia, Anass. "Appropriation d’un ERP dans un groupe de petites filiales : Vers une stratégie de bricolage ?" Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTD016/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis focuses on the implementation of an ERP in a group of small subsidiaries through a multi-cycle canonical action research conducted by the researcher, ERP project manager for two years. Subsidiaries face multiple challenges : deploying a standard ERP while preserving their flexibility, reconciling the group constraints and local constraints, making do with means at hand given the limited resources. This context is an opportunity to deepen the theory of bricolage, little mobilized in the ERP literature. The results show multilevel collective bricolage processes: intra-affiliates, inter-affiliates and group. These bricolage processes allow continuous improvement of the ERP and its appropriation, and ultimately lead to the design and use of solutions that are difficult to imitate, which generates a competitive advantage. These collective bricolage processes assume favorable initial conditions and an evolution from a constraining symbolic (standard ERP, best practices) to an enabling symbolic. Along the way, bricolage contributes to developing thecreative reservoir and capacities, which in turn increases the potential of bricolage, while simultaneously promoting technological and managerial innovations
Daviaux, Yannick. "Intégration sensorimotrice et contexte somatosensoriel : vers une meilleure compréhension des processus neuronaux impliqués dans le couplage action-perception." Nantes, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015NANT3014.
Full textEfficient motor actions are essential in daily life's interaction with our environment. It is well accepted that action-perception coupling plays a major role for such successful visuomotor actions. However, impaired coupling can occur when the somatosensory state of individuals is altered. This work aimed at identifying the cortical correlates of impared action-perception coupling. An enhanced experimental procedure was developed according to the constraints relevant for electroencephalographic measurements (EEG), used to study the sensorimotor coupling-related neural processes. The findings were obtained in a reaching-to-grasp paradigm, in which individuals had to judge whether they were able to reach an object. Results are discussed regarding the construction of the sensorimotor representation of the body. Plasticity of such a representation is discussed from the concepts of body image, body schema and peripersonal space, to account for impaired action-perception coupling
Strauch, Georges-Antoine. "Considérations sur l'industrie électronique et le développement régional en Bretagne pour une action politique structurée vers l'industrie régionale /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376013682.
Full textSeguin, Christel. "De l'action à l'intention : vers une caractérisation formelle des agents." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30048.
Full textNous proposons une formalisation logique des univers multi-agents. Pour cela, nous avons analyse les agents rationnels a travers les liens qui existent entre leurs attitudes mentales et leur comportement. Les attitudes mentales, connaissance et intention, constituent les objets du raisonnement de l'agent. Les connaissances correspondent a la perception partielle mais objective que l'agent a de son environnement alors que les intentions decrivent les situations que l'agent souhaite atteindre. Le comportement de l'agent est analyse a travers l'enchainement de ses actes. Ces differentes composantes sont interdependantes. La notion d'action est le trait d'union qui les relient toutes. Ainsi, les intentions motivent les actions; la realisation effective d'une action est fonction des connaissances; la realisation d'une action modifie connaissance et intention puisqu'elle affecte l'environnement. Nous proposons un cadre logique qui prend en compte ces differentes notions et explicite la facon dont les agents gerent l'evolution de leurs attitudes mentales. La formalisation est basee sur la combinaison de trois logiques modales: logique de l'action, logique des croyances et logique de l'intention. Pour definir la rationalite des agents, il faut determiner le type d'interactions qui existe entre les systemes de base. Cette etude pose le probleme de la representation de l'univers, des lois physiques qui regissent sa structure et son evolution, des actions. Nous proposons de traiter les contraintes physiques comme des actions particulieres et normalisons la description des actions et des contraintes de maniere a expliciter le type de changement suscite. Cette representation permet de resoudre le probleme du decor (frame problem) et des effets de bord d'une action (ramification problem). Elle permet ainsi de traiter des problemes de planification. Elle est utilisee pour creer un lien entre les croyances des agents et les actions qu'ils observent et determine ainsi la facon dont les croyances d'un agent rationnel evoluent. Plus generalement, le cadre complet nous permet de prendre en compte des problemes de cooperations en considerant que la communication entre agents est une action particuliere dont les effets dependent de l'etat mental (etat de connaissance et d'intention) de l'auditeur comme du locuteur. D'autre part, les strategies de cooperation peuvent etre basees sur les qualites des differents agents et les qualites d'un agent peuvent etre vues comme l'interaction entre son etat mental et son comportement
Raharijaona, Mahatsangy. "De la génomique fonctionnelle vers la génomique intégrative de pathologies humaines." Nantes, 2009. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=25b4b481-43e1-4f92-972a-91de3442828f.
Full textThe complete human genome sequence has contributed to the expansion of genomics. This field notably describes how a genome is expressed, how some sets of genes and their products work together in biological systems. High-throughput technologies for genome research, like microarrays which were used in this thesis, were set up. This work deals with transcriptomic variations observed in different physiological or pathological conditions. We appreciated the effect of genetic and environmental factors on expression profiles, to detect biomarkers specific to pathological subclasses of lymphoma and thyroid lesions. To understand molecular mechanisms underlying these gene expression modifications, we integrated gradually other genomic data. This included detections of genomic deletions or amplifications using CGH arrays, or the identification of transcription factor binding sites by sequence analysis or by ChIP-chip methodology. With this combined approach, modeling biological networks modeling is then conceivable. It will allow a better understanding of a biological system and to detect more reliable therapeutic targets
Hok, Vincent Poucet Bruno. "Bases neurales des comportements orientés vers un but étude des corrélats de l'activité unitaire préfrontale et hippocampique dans une tâche de navigation /." Toulouse (Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 3), 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/174.
Full textHanoune, Souheïl. "Vers un modèle plausible de sélection de l'action pour un robot mobile." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CERG0758/document.
Full textThis thesis aims at studying the different mechanisms involved in action selection and decision making processes, according to animal experiments and neurobiological recordings. For that matter, we propose several biologically plausible models for action selection. The goal is to achieve a better understanding of the animal's brain functions. This gives us the opportunity todevelop bioinspired control architectures for robots that are more robust and adaptative to a real environement. These models are based on Artificial Neural Networks, allowing us to test our hypotheses on simulations of different brain regions and function, implemented on robots and virtual agents.Action selection for mobile robots can be approached from different angles. This process can be seen as the selection between two possibilities, e.g. go left or go right. Those mechanisms involve the ability to learn and categorize specific events, encoding contexts where a change in the perception is perceived, a change in the behavior is noticed or the decision is made. There-fore, this thesis studies those capacities of acquisition, categorisation and coding of different events that can be relevant for action selection.We also, approach the action selection as a strategy selection. The different behaviors are guided consciously or through automated behavior learned as habits. We investigate different possibilities allowing a robot to develop those capacities. Also, we aim at studying interactions that can emerge between those mechanisms during navigational behaviors.The work presented in this these is based on the modelisation of the hippocampo-cotico-basal loops involved in the navigational behaviors, the action selection and the multimodal categorisation of events. We base our models on a previous model of the hippocampus for the learning of spatio-temporal associations and for multimodal conditionning of perceptive events. It is based on sensorimotor associations between place cells and actions to achieve navigational behaviors. The model involves also a specific type of hippocampic cells, named transition cells, for temporal prediction of future events. This capacity allows the model to learn spatio-temporal sequences, and it represents the neural substrate for the learning of a cognitive map, hypothesised to be localized in prefrontal and/or parietal areas. This kind of topological map allows to plan the behavior of the robot according to its motivations, which is used in goal orientedexperiments to achieve goals and capture rewards
Lindahl, Rebecka, and Anna-Karin Oskarsson. "Action Naming Test (ANT) : Översättning och normering för vuxna i en svensk population." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Logopedi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-69392.
Full textIn case of brain damage the naming ability of verbs and nouns can be differently affected. Since there is no test of verb naming available in Swedish, the aim of this study was to translate and establish normative data for Action Naming Test (ANT). Further, the intention was to compare the results with respect to age, gender, educational and cognitive level. The words in ANT were translated from English to Swedish through back translation and 120 healthy participants, aged 20-83 years, were tested. To be able to study factors possible influence on the results, information about education was also collected and the participants were tested with Irregularly Spelled Words (ISW) and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-III (WISC-III) Block Design. The result showed that age, education and cognition had a significant influence on the ANT results. Young participants performed better, as well as participants with high educational and cognitive level. Considerations should be taken that the adaptations to the Swedish language are incompletely, but since the result is based on a large sample it can be used to test verb naming in patients with brain damage.
Tolod, Kristine. "Photocatalyseurs actifs dans le visible pour l'oxydation de l'eau : vers les bioraffineries solaires." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1053.
Full textPhotoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a direct way of producing a solar fuel like hydrogen from water. The bottleneck of this process is in the photoanode, which is responsible for the water oxidation side of the reaction1,2. In this work, the use of BiVO4 as a photoanode was extensively studied in order to improve its photoactivity. The optimization of BiVO4 photoanode synthesis via thin film electrodeposition on FTO was performed. The factors affecting the photoelectrochemical activity such as the electrodeposition time, ratio of the Bi-KI to benzoquinone-EtOH in the deposition bath, and the calcination temperature, have been investigated by using the Central Composite Design of Experiments.Surface states on the BiVO4 surface give rise to defect levels, which can mediate electron-hole recombination via the Shockley-Read-Hall mechanism5. In order to protect the BiVO4 surface and minimize the inefficiencies due to electron-hole recombination and passivate the surface states, ultrathin overlayers of Al2O3 and TiO2 were deposited to the BiVO4 thin film electrodes in an ALD-like manner. A photocurrent density of 0.54 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs RHE was obtained for the 2 cycles Al2O3-modified BiVO4, which was a 54% improvement from the bare BiVO4 that demonstrated a photocurrent density of 0.35 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs RHE. A 15% increase in stability of the Al2O3- modified BiVO4 electrode was also observed over 7.5 hours of continuous irradiation. Moreover, through surface capacitance measurements, it was shown that the Al2O3 overlayer was indeed passivating the surface states of the BiVO4 electrodes. The nature of the BiVO4 surface was studied by investigating the reactivity of powder BiVO4 with a chemical titrant. The existence of surface hydroxyl groups on BiVO4 was confirmed and quantified (max 1.5 OH/nm2) via chemical titration. The reaction of the BiVO4 powder with one pulse of AlMe3 and 1 pulse of H2O showed that there were 1.2 molecules of CH4 evolved per Bi-OH. In this work, we were able to highlight which factors are important in the synthesis of BiVO4, and how they affect the resulting photoactivity. We have also achieved the passivation of the BiVO4 surface states using Al2O3, which is not well-explored in literature. Moreover, we were able to probe and discuss the nature of the BiVO4 surface. This is a very fundamental knowledge and the first report of such, to the best of our knowledge. A good understanding of this important semiconductor surface and its interactions will aid in the design of a more efficient BiVO4 photoanode
Alphazan, Thibault. "Vers la conception moléculaire de catalyseurs d'hydrotraitement préparés à partir de précurseurs métallo-organiques." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00998376.
Full textEl, Hansali Asmaa <1992>. "Verb and noun double dissociation : the adaptation of the object and action naming battery into Moroccan Arabic (Casablanca-Settat region dialect)." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/14421.
Full textDiallo-Garcia, Sarah. "Hydroxyapatites, un système basique atypique modulable par la synthèse : vers l'identification des sites actifs." Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066384.
Full textHydroxyapatites (HAp) are basic materials whose atypical catalytic properties, in particular their high selectivity in n-butanol from ethanol’s conversion, are yet to be rationalised. Modulation of their synthesis parameters as well as their ability toward substitution allowed us to use their versatility in terms of composition, stoechiometry and morphology in order to highlight the relationships existing between structure and acid-base properties. Indeed, at a macroscopic level, stoechiometry – represented by the bulk Ca/P ratio- and morphology are the two key parameters controlling the basicity of those materials. Even if the difference of composition between the bulk and the surface is yet to be made, the decrease in the number of OH groups, whether related to under-stoechiometry or to the occurrence of a mix between Hap and another calcium phosphate OH-deprived phase, leads to a fall-off in basic reactivity. This points toward a central part of these species at a molecular level. To identify the nature of the superficial sites involved in the catalytic process, we implemented a procedure, notably though isotopic marking , so as to discriminate the IR and NMR spectroscopic signatures of the bulk and surface OH and PO-H groups. Then, the implication of those surperfical species was investigated by the adsorption of acidic probe molecules such as CO2, acetylene, propyne and basic probe molecules: CO and pyridine. If CO2 leads to a surface and bulk carbonation of the material, surface OH and PO-H groups do interact with protic probes. On the opposite, those adsorptions highlighted that on the one hand cation are not always accessible on the surface and on the other hand PO4 groups do not seem to interact with protic probe molecules. Those investigations led us to propose the implication of an atypical OH/PO-H pair which, associated with the important proton mobility existing in HAp, could explain the odd propensity of HAp to selectively form n-butanol from ethanol in the Guerbet reaction
Boulard, Lucie. "Réactions d'allylation diastéréosélective et de métathèse vers la synthèse de produits naturels biologiquement actifs." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066150.
Full textProvent, Christophe. "Vers des modèles biomimétiques de métalloenzymes antioxydantes." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10048.
Full textPirat, Jean-Luc. "Vers la recherche de structures antagonistes de l'action de la phencyclidine." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600446s.
Full textMorquin, David. "Comment améliorer l’usage du Dossier Patient Informatisé dans un hôpital ? : vers une formalisation habilitante du travail intégrant l’usage du système d’information dans une bureaucratie professionnelle." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTD005/document.
Full textThe main focus of this thesis is the Electronic Patient Record (EPR) in hospitals, and more particularly the difficulties of use after the implementation phase. Our approach aimed to design, with the academic knowledge of Information Systems, a method allowing field actors to act on this specific issue. In concrete terms, we were looking for ways to improve "misfit" situations, i.e. situations in which health professionals consider the use of EPR to be unsuitable for their profession. To do this, we sought to understand the mixed record of EPR use reported in the professional literature, by using the dual nature (enabling or coercive) of technology-induced work formalization (Adler & Borys, 1996). Enabling technology allows a user to be positioned as a source of solutions, while coercive technology tends to consider them as a source of problems. In the first manuscript on the autonomy of health professionals in relation to the hospital information system, we concluded that an enabling formalization is needed to improve the use of EPR. In the second manuscript, we showed that in the examples of negative experiences of the EPR reported in the literature, it was possible to highlight the different aspects of coercive formalization. To argue on the dual nature of the formalization of work induced by EPR, we have reported in the third manuscript an illustrative empirical study. Our data show that for the same EPR, in the same hospital, there may be islets of enabling formalization.Moving beyond the health field of application alone, we have further developed Strong & Volkoff's 2010 conceptualization of the misfit between business process and Enterprise System (ES), using the concepts of affordance and affordance-actualization used by the same authors in 2013 and 2014.The fourth manuscript therefore presents an original model for analyzing the use of information technology for a given business process in the form of a combination of actualizations, non-actualizations or partial actualizations of multiple affordances of the enterprise system by multiple actors. From a critical realistic perspective, misfit is then the perception by an individual or group of individuals that this combination does not satisfactorily meet all or some of the objectives of the process.We then report on how we used this model to improve the use of EPR in post-implementation in an action research project. The analysis of a misfit situation according to our method allows a recombination, by seeking a coherent sequence of technical and organizational adjustments acceptable to all stakeholders and whose arrangement allows the disappearance of the initial misfit, but also of all the misfits revealed during the analysis. This recombination then leads to a formalization of the work that has all the characteristics of an enabling formalization.The discussion of the thesis addresses the conditions for the success of the method, the choice of situations on which to apply it and the resulting research perspectives
Falkendal, Theresa Maria. "Constraining star formation rates and AGN feedback in high-z radio galaxies." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS248.
Full textThe evolution of galaxies is something that is still not well understood. The cosmic star formation rate density peaks between 1 < z < 3. It is therefore important to investigate the high-z Universe and the mechanisms which triggers or quenches star-formation in galaxies. In this thesis I investigate the effects of AGN feedback by studying high-z radio galaxies (HzRGs). For a sample of 25 HzRGs at 1 < z < 5.2, I add new ALMA data and determine the star formation rates (SFR) by multi-wavelength spectral energy distribution fitting. The ALMA data reveals that the mm continuum emission can be complicated, with contributions from several thermal dust emission components and/or synchrotron emission. The new estimated SFRs are 7 times lower than in previous studies. We might therefore be observing the effect of the AGN suppressing the growth of the host galaxy. For one source I explore the possibilities of constraining the gas Physics of the host galaxy and the halo gas by combining MUSE and ALMA data cubes. Quiescent ionized halo gas is detected, which coincide with a molecular gas reservoir detected with ALMA in [C I]. These observations probe the complex multi-phase halo gas and show the power of multi-wavelength observations
Diallo, Garcia Sarah. "Les Hydroxyapatites, un système basique atypique modulable par la synthèse : vers l'identification des sites actifs." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00828591.
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