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Journal articles on the topic 'Actions and defenses – England'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Marcoux, J. Michel. "No “Terror To Good Works, But To The Evil”." Journal of Early American History 13, no. 2-3 (2023): 118–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18770703-13020004.

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Abstract Modern scholarship shows the enormity of Quaker religious sect misbehaviors starting about 1656 across colonial New England, including Quaker attacks on Plymouth Colony. After William Bradford’s 1657 death during that furor, Thomas Prence served as Plymouth governor for a third time. Prence made many valuable contributions to Plymouth and New England generally. However, unsurpassed among those achievements, his stout defense of Plymouth’s scripture based, separatist Puritan religious settlement against such Quaker attacks was especially meritorious. Scholarly insistence today on the v

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IRELAND, RICHARD W. "Law in action, law in books: the practicality of medieval theft law." Continuity and Change 17, no. 3 (2002): 309–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416003004417.

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This article approaches the medieval law of theft from a ‘functional’ perspective. It seeks, that is, to consider the rules of law principally in relation to the social circumstances which give rise to them and upon which they, in turn, have an impact. Concentrating primarily upon material from England and Wales, the essay considers general issues of definition, jurisdiction and proof in the law of the middle ages before concentrating specifically upon the rules respecting theft. The ideas of manifest and non-manifest theft are explored in an attempt to discover why the law distinguished betwe

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Adhit, Prayoga1, Mahroza2 Jonni, and Djoko Waluyo3 Surryanto. "Indonesian Defense Strategy to Encounter Challenges in the Indo-Pacific (Case Study: Hegemonic War of China and the United States of America in the South China Sea)." International Journal of Social Science and Human Research 04, no. 10 (2021): 2880–89. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v4-i10-30.

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, ,: As an arena of hegemonic war between China and the United States of America (USA), Indo-Pacific has economic value that can increase conflict in the region. This hegemonic war then cultivated rapidly, as evidenced by the expanded issue through the involvement of other countries such as France, Germany, and England. This research basically examined the actions of Indonesia as a non-claimant country in conducting defense strategy to prevent threats that can disrupt its territory, especially in the North Natuna Sea which is adjacent to the South China Sea as the main theater of this hegemoni

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Labutina, Tatyana. "The Colonial Policy of Great Britain in the Assessments of English Intellectuals of the 18th Century." ISTORIYA 15, no. 9 (143) (2024): 0. https://doi.org/10.18254/s207987840032302-1.

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Based on the works of famous intellectuals of the Enlightenment (D. Defoe, J. Swift, Halifax, Ed. Burke, Ed. Fletcher, J. Priestley, B. Mandeville etc.), the author for the first time in historical science addresses their views on the colonial policy of Great Britain in the XVIII century. Enlightenment figures who defended “land” interests (Party of Tories), criticized the actions of the authorities, since any external expansion (wars or the seizure of colonies) undermined the economic base of landowners. Supporters of “monetary” interests (Party of Whigs), approved of the policy aimed at expa

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Bursell, Rupert. "The Coronation Oath." Ecclesiastical Law Journal 25, no. 2 (2023): 156–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x23000017.

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Over the past thirty years questions have been raised, and still remain, as to the proper scope of the sovereign's title, Defender of the Faith, in a multi-faith society. Such questions are not only politically important but are legally important, especially as they raise questions affecting the Church of England. Those questions need to be addressed before any suggested changes are actually implemented. These questions are different from those that arise in relation to the Coronation Oath Act 1688, but nonetheless are important. In spite of the uncompromising wording of that Act, changes to t

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Vasilyev, Alexander D. "«A new Approach to the Issue of Friendly Relations with Turkey» and Transformation of Soviet-Turkish Relations in 1939–1941." Vostok. Afro-aziatskie obshchestva: istoriia i sovremennost, no. 4 (2024): 204. https://doi.org/10.31696/s086919080031694-0.

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The article examines the transformation of Soviet policy towards Turkey after the conclusion of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. The visit of V.P. Potemkin, clearly displayed a trend towards rapprochement between Turkey and the West. Based on the information about the German-English negotiations in London and the delay in negotiations between the USSR and England and France on countering the aggressor, the Soviet leadership decided to conclude a non-aggression pact between Germany and the Soviet Union. The issue of the security of the Straits in connection with the general direction of Soviet poli

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KOZAN, Mert. "BÜYÜK ALFRED DÖNEMİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME." TOBIDER - International Journal of Social Sciences 6, no. 1 (2022): 146–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.30830/tobider.sayi.10.7.

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Alfred the Great is King of Wessex, reigning from 871 to 899. Alfred successfully defended his country against the the invasion and pilage attempt of Vikings and became the most powerful monarch in England until his death. Alfred is one of two British monarchs to hold the title of "Great". The other ruler with this title is Knud the Great, who Scandinavian origin. He was the first king to describe himself not only as the "King of the West Saxons" but als as the "King of the Anglo-Saxons" as a completly. Alfred the Great draws attention as one of the rare medieval figures whose popularity still

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Karabin, Robert. "Wiktor Wachtang Łomidze pierwszy oficer Gruzin w Polskiej Marynarce Wojennej." Pro Georgia 33, no. 1 (2023): 245–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.61097/12301604/pg33/2023/245-266.

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Victor Vakhtang Lomidze was the first Georgian officer to serve in the Polish Navy. A student of the military academy in Tiflis, he defended Georgia against the Bolsheviks in 1921. After the conquest of Georgia he reached Poland via Turkey and Greece, where he volunteered to join the army. He was a first promotion graduate of the Officers’ School of the Navy and as a foreigner, he became a contract officer of the Polish Navy. He served on board of numerous Polish ships and in staffs. On 1 September 1939, taking command of the mine-layer “Gryf”, he saved the ship and its crew. Wounded on 3 Sept

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Castro-Kemp, Susana, Olympia Palikara, Carolina Gaona, Vasiliki Eirinaki, and Michael J. Furlong. "The Role of Psychological Sense of School Membership and Postcode as Predictors of Profiles of Socio-emotional Health in Primary School Children in England." School Mental Health 12, no. 2 (2019): 284–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12310-019-09349-7.

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Abstract A dual approach to mental health in schools has been widely defended, where the assessment of psychological distress and the examination of strengths/well-being are two separate continua. In line with a well-being approach, school belonging has been referenced as an important indicator of mental health in children. This study explored the predictive role of school sense of belonging alongside other demographic variables (gender, main language spoken at home, and socio-economic status of postcode) on the socio-emotional health profiles of primary school children in England. Children (N

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Shedd, John A. "Thwarted Victors: Civil and Criminal Prosecution against Parliament's Officials during the English Civil War and Commonwealth." Journal of British Studies 41, no. 2 (2002): 139–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/386258.

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Whereas both Houses of the Parliament of England have been necessitated to undertake a war in their just and lawful defense … all oaths, declarations, and proclamations against both or either of the Houses of Parliament … or their ordinances and proceedings, or any for adhering unto them, or for doing or executing any office, place or charge, by any authority derived from them; and all judgments, indictments, outlawries, attainders and inquisitions in any the said causes … be declared null, suppressed, and forbidden. (From the first of nineteenNewcastle Propositions, July 1646; expanded from t

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Greenlaw, Paul S., and John P. Kohl. "Employer “Business” and “Job” Defenses in Civil Rights Actions." Public Personnel Management 23, no. 4 (1994): 573–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102609402300404.

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In civil rights actions, employee-plaintiffs alleging discrimination must attempt to prove a prima facie case;1 and if accomplished the employer-defendant must attempt to rebut such cases with some type of defense. These defenses may be very narrow and specific in scope such as the seniority or merit system defenses explicitly provided for under the 1963 Equal Pay Act (EPA). On the other hand, broader “business” and or “job” defenses (and the wording and meaning varies from situation to situation) have been both devised by the courts as standards of behavior for employers, and stipulated for e

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Neil, Ben. "Goal Post Safety - A Case Problem." Journal of Business Case Studies (JBCS) 12, no. 2 (2016): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jbcs.v12i2.9622.

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This case will provide an excellent test for a student’s basic knowledge of tort actions and various defenses which may be used. The case introduces students to the growing problem of goal post safety. It also highlights the need for more information regarding the use of portable goals.This case is suited to students who need to understand tort actions, its possible defenses and finally soccer goal post safety issues... After reading and discussing the case, students should have a pragmatic understanding of tort actions, their possible defenses and a rationale as to security issues involving m

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Butchard, William, and Robert D’Amico. "Reply to Further Defenses of Incentivization." Philosophy of the Social Sciences 47, no. 6 (2017): 463–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0048393117727247.

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In a previous article, we challenged the “incentivization view” held by J. P. Smit, Filip Buekens, and Stan du Plessis as failing to cover social phenomena involving strict joint actions. The authors’ response to our criticism seriously misstates our main point. We have therefore, as briefly and sharply as we can, restated the problem in this note.

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Mungan, Murat C. "Justifications, Excuses, and Affirmative Defenses." Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 36, no. 2 (2020): 343–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jleo/ewz023.

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Abstract A defendant who admits to having committed an offense may nevertheless be acquitted if he can provide a legally cognizable justification or excuse for his actions by raising an affirmative defense. This article explains how affirmative defenses generate social benefits in the form of avoided unnecessary punishment. It then asks what kind of evidentiary standards must be used in order to balance these benefits against potential social costs arising from frivolous defense claims. It thereby provides an economic rationale for the uniformity across US jurisdictions in allocating the burde

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Avakian, Paula, Bianca Miarka, and Abdallah Achour Junior. "Análise de frequência das ações técnico-táticas competitivas no taekwondo: uma revisão." Revista de Artes Marciales Asiáticas 11, no. 2 (2016): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/rama.v11i2.3228.

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Taekwondo (TKD) is a combat sport, focusing on head-height kicks, spinning kicks and skipping. The emphasis on technical-tactical combinations with speed and agility is an essential characteristic of this modality. Therefore, this review aims to contribute to the critical analysis of technical-tactical actions of TKD athletes, using relative effort and pause moments of official competitions. This review investigated tactical arrangements (i.e., attacks, defenses and blocks), technical performance (points), kicks and punches, regarding to weight category, age class and gender. In fact, rule cha

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V., Plokhikh, and Bilous R. "Psychological Defenses of Students in Confronting the Stressors of Military Actions." Insight: the psychological dimensions of society, no. 13 (May 29, 2025): 18–48. https://doi.org/10.32999/2663-970x/2025-13-2.

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Gori, Alessio, Eleonora Topino, Alessandro Musetti, et al. "The Protective Role of Mature Defense Mechanisms on Satisfaction with Life in the COVID-19 Era: A Moderated Mediation Analysis." Behavioral Sciences 12, no. 8 (2022): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12080290.

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The COVID-19 pandemic significantly influenced people’s lives, with non-negligible consequences for the perception of well-being. This study sought to examine the effect of anxiety, post-traumatic impairment, and mature defenses on life satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. One thousand three hundred thirty-nine Italian individuals (30% male; 70% female; Mage = 34.70; SD = 11.83) completed an online survey enclosing the Satisfaction with Life Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory—Form X3, Impact of event scale—revised, and the Forty Item Defense Style Questionnaire. To test the hypothesize

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Hoffman, Leon. "Addressing At-the-Moment Defenses against Painful Affects: A Core Mechanism of Change in Psychodynamic Treatment." Psychodynamic Psychiatry 52, no. 3 (2024): 305–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pdps.2024.52.3.305.

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There is an ongoing tension in the psychodynamic field between interpreting the meaning of a patient's verbal productions or actions and addressing the defenses utilized by the patient. Some authors maintain that implicit interactions between analyst and patient may be more important than the verbal interventions by the analyst. This article stresses the importance of observing and appropriately addressing how patients manage painful affects in the sessions. Focusing the patients' attention on their at-the-moment defenses as they occur in the session is an experience-near intervention and mini

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Michael, L. Hackett, and Prasad Ashmini. "The Interaction between Coastal Sediment Dynamics and Coastal Sea Defences at Christchurch, Dorset, England." Interaction between Coastal Sediment Dynamics and Coastal Sea Defences at Christchurch, Dorset, England 8, no. 12 (2024): 5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10461758.

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This report assesses the coastal sediment dynamics and the impact of coastal sea defences in the Highcliffe, Hengistbury Head, and Christchurch Harbour regions of Christchurch, Dorset, on the southern coast of England. The study combines field observations, expert insights, satellite imagery, and literature to show the intricate interplay between natural sediment processes and anthropogenic interventions. The study area is characterised by cliffs, sandy beaches, and clay-silt deposits, all influenced by wave action, littoral transport, and geological factors. Two contrasting coastal management

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Castro, Fidel, Kavitha Chandra, and Orlando Arias. "SoK: Sensor wars: Attacks and defenses on acoustic sensors." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 155, no. 3_Supplement (2024): A69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0026830.

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In this talk, we will examine attacks that can be performed against sensors that have become prevalent in smart devices, Internet of Things, and Cyber-Physical Systems. These devices have become part of our everyday life, integrated, for example, in health monitoring solutions, autonomous vehicles, and home automation. A classification of current threat models on sensors is presented. Of particular interest are attacks that make use of interference to trick devices into performing unintended actions. This talk serves as a summary of knowledge on the state of the art in utilizing sensor data fo

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Pérez, Yvelisse, Daniel García-Cortes, Antonio Torres-Valle, and Ulises Jáuregui-Haza. "Risk Assessment of Domestic Wastewater Treatment System Based on Constructed Wetlands." Sustainability 15, no. 22 (2023): 15850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152215850.

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Risk assessment methods vary and have been applied to areas such as environmental, technological, and occupational safety, adapting to the complexities of the subjects under study. The objective of this work is to conduct a risk analysis of a domestic wastewater treatment system based on constructed wetlands (CW) and to evaluate actions to reduce the operational risk of the studied installation. The approach used is the three-dimensional risk matrix, which is a simplified version of the probabilistic risk evaluation method, making it more accessible and allowing for broader application. To app

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Huang, Albert, Olivia Perwitasari, Hilario Ramos та ін. "IKKϵ is targeted by pathogenic West Nile virus to evade host immune control (P1387)". Journal of Immunology 190, № 1_Supplement (2013): 57.5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.57.5.

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Abstract Innate antiviral immunity and interferon (IFN) defenses are essential for the control of West Nile virus (WNV) infection. A pathogenic strain of the virus (WNV-TX) can suppress IFN actions by blocking JAK-STAT signaling, thus evading host IFN defenses. It was recently shown that IKKϵ directly regulates STAT1 activity by phosphorylating STAT1 on S708 to enhance IFIT2 expression and suppress WNV infection. However, the spectrum of interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression that is regulated by IKKϵ/STAT1 S708 signaling undergoing WNV infection and IFN signaling is not defined nor is it

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Andrews, Neil. "Multi-Party Actions and Complex Litigation in England." European Business Law Review 23, Issue 1 (2012): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eulr2012001.

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Patchett, Lucy. "NHS England Long Term Workforce reform." Optician 268, no. 6913 (2023): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/opti.2023.268.6913.6.

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Watson, Fiona, Anna Taylor, Mike Rayner, Tim Lobstein, and Robin Hinks. "Priority actions for addressing the obesity epidemic in England." Public Health Nutrition 21, no. 5 (2017): 1002–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980017003500.

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AbstractObjectiveTo prioritise policy actions for government to improve the food environment and contribute to reduced obesity and related diseases.DesignCross-sectional study applying the Food Environment Policy Index (Food EPI) in two stages. First, the evidence on all relevant policies was compiled, through an Internet search of government documents, and reviewed for accuracy and completeness by government officials. Second, independent experts were brought together to identify critical gaps and prioritise actions to fill those gaps, through a two-stage rating process.SettingEngland.Subject

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Stepanenko, V., and V. Pogrebnyi. "Age features of indicators of efficiency of defensive tactical actions of young football players of 11-15 years." Scientific Journal of National Pedagogical Dragomanov University. Series 15. Scientific and pedagogical problems of physical culture (physical culture and sports), no. 6(151) (June 29, 2022): 150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31392/npu-nc.series15.2022.6(151).32.

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This article presents the results of studies of age characteristics of indicators of effectiveness of protective tactical actions of young football players at the stage of preliminary basic training. An objective reflection of the effectiveness of defensive tactical actions in competitions of young football players aged 11-15 is the integrated coefficient of effectiveness (EC) of defensive actions, which consists of EC selections, interceptions, headers in defense and counterattacks. Studies have shown that these characteristics do not improve significantly with age. The exception is 14

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Guo, Dongdong, Chang Liu, Hongkang Zhu, et al. "Food-Induced Adverse Reactions: A Review of Physiological Food Quality Control, Mucosal Defense Mechanisms, and Gastrointestinal Physiology." Toxics 13, no. 1 (2025): 61. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13010061.

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Although food is essential for the survival of organisms, it can also trigger a variety of adverse reactions, ranging from nutrient intolerances to celiac disease and food allergies. Food not only contains essential nutrients but also includes numerous substances that may have positive or negative effects on the consuming organism. To protect against potentially harmful components, all animals have evolved defense mechanisms, which are similar to antimicrobial defenses but often come at the cost of the organism’s health. When these defensive responses are exaggerated or misdirected, they can l

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Muir Wood, Robert, Michael Drayton, Agnete Berger, Paul Burgess, and Tom Wright. "Catastrophe loss modelling of storm-surge flood risk in eastern England." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 363, no. 1831 (2005): 1407–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2005.1575.

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Probabilistic catastrophe loss modelling techniques, comprising a large stochastic set of potential storm-surge flood events, each assigned an annual rate of occurrence, have been employed for quantifying risk in the coastal flood plain of eastern England. Based on the tracks of the causative extratropical cyclones, historical storm-surge events are categorized into three classes, with distinct windfields and surge geographies. Extreme combinations of ‘tide with surge’ are then generated for an extreme value distribution developed for each class. Fragility curves are used to determine the prob

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Barman, Ludovic, Alexandre Dumur, Apostolos Pyrgelis, and Jean-Pierre Hubaux. "Every Byte Matters." Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 5, no. 2 (2021): 1–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3463512.

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Wearable devices such as smartwatches, fitness trackers, and blood-pressure monitors process, store, and communicate sensitive and personal information related to the health, life-style, habits and interests of the wearer. This data is typically synchronized with a companion app running on a smartphone over a Bluetooth (Classic or Low Energy) connection. In this work, we investigate what can be inferred from the metadata (such as the packet timings and sizes) of encrypted Bluetooth communications between a wearable device and its connected smartphone. We show that a passive eavesdropper can us

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Aggor, Felix E. Y., Martinna Bertolini, Bianca M. Coleman, Tiffany C. Taylor, Nicole O. Ponde, and Sarah L. Gaffen. "Combinatorial actions of IL-22 and IL-17 drive optimal immunity to oral candidiasis through SPRRs." PLOS Pathogens 20, no. 7 (2024): e1012302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012302.

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Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) is the most common human fungal infection, arising typically from T cell immune impairments. IL-17 and IL-22 contribute individually to OPC responses, but here we demonstrate that the combined actions of both cytokines are essential for resistance to OPC. Mice lacking IL-17RA and IL-22RA1 exhibited high fungal loads in esophagus- and intestinal tract, severe weight loss, and symptoms of colitis. Ultimately, mice succumbed to infection. Dual loss of IL-17RA and IL-22RA impaired expression of small proline rich proteins (SPRRs), a class of antimicrobial effectors

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Benedict, Susan, Arthur Caplan, and Traute Lafrenz Page. "Duty and 'Euthanasia': the Nurses of Meseritz-Obrawalde." Nursing Ethics 14, no. 6 (2007): 781–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733007082118.

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This article examines the actions and testimonies of 14 nurses who killed psychiatric patients at the state hospital of Meseritz-Obrawalde in the Nazi 'euthanasia' program. The nurses provided various reasons for their decisions to participate in the killings. An ethical analysis of the testimonies demonstrates that a belief in the relief of suffering, the notion that the patients would 'benefit' from death, their selection by physicians for the 'treatment' of 'euthanasia', and a perceived duty to obey unquestioningly the orders of physicians were the primary ethical reasons that were stated f

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Sunil Jorepalli. "AI-Driven Incident Response in Enterprise Networks: Enhancing Security and Resilience." Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management 10, no. 42s (2025): 692–97. https://doi.org/10.52783/jisem.v10i42s.8109.

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This study explores the role of AI-driven incident response mechanisms in enhancing the security and resilience of enterprise networks. By employing a quantitative and descriptive research design, the study analyzes the frequency and effectiveness of AI responses across various types of security incidents. Data was collected through a simulated enterprise network environment, where a total of 150 security incidents and corresponding AI response actions were recorded. The results indicate that AI significantly accelerates threat detection and mitigation, with automated threat containment and ma

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Malalatiana, Ramafiarisona Hajasoa, and Rakotondramanana Radiarisainana Sitraka. "Wifi Pentesting Roadmap for Classic-Future Attacks and Defenses." American Journal of Networks and Communications 13, no. 1 (2024): 44–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajnc.20241301.14.

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The most advanced attack on the Wireless Fidelity (WIFI) network uses social engineering. The hacker makes portal captive and forces the victim for disconnecting to internet instead of entering the real password of the WIFI. In normal actions, asking WIFI password on the web interface is not the real process, but sometimes the victim is not experience enough on security and thinks that it is a technical problem. Also, the victim didn’t have internet connection due to the hard deauthentication and the select open access, which is not his WIFI network. The future generation of WIFI could be use

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Husain, Maroof, Jessica Jones-Carson, Lin Liu, et al. "Ferric Uptake Regulator-Dependent Antinitrosative Defenses in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Pathogenesis." Infection and Immunity 82, no. 1 (2013): 333–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01201-13.

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ABSTRACTHerein we report an important role for the ferric uptake regulator (Fur) in the resistance ofSalmonellaentericaserovar Typhimurium to the reactive nitrogen species produced by inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase in an NRAMP1rmurine model of acute systemic infection. The expression offurprotectedSalmonellagrown under normoxic and hypoxic conditions against the bacteriostatic activity of NO. The hypersusceptibility offur-deficientSalmonellato the cytotoxic actions of NO coincides with a marked repression of respiratory activity and the reduced ability of the bacteria to detoxify NO. Afu

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Hrynick, Tobias. "The Romney Marsh Tax Records of the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries." Historical Reflections/Réflexions Historiques 51, no. 2 (2025): 77–103. https://doi.org/10.3167/hrrh.2025.510205.

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Abstract Medieval Romney Marsh, a system of wetlands in southeast England, was a valuable landscape—densely settled and agriculturally productive. At the same time, however it was environmentally vulnerable to the series of crises associated with the end of the Medieval Climate Anomaly: flooding, famine, and disease-induced demographic collapse and labor shortages. A marsh government, designed to maintain the Romney Marsh sea defenses, conducted a series of detailed tax assessments across the Marsh between the mid-thirteenth and late fourteenth century, bridging this period of transition. Thes

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Lowe, Ben. "Religious Wars and the “Common Peace”: Anglican Anti-War Sentiment in Elizabethan England." Albion 28, no. 3 (1996): 415–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4052170.

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The “age of religious wars” usually serves as the main interpretive framework for students of late sixteenth-century European history. This period is often conceptualized as just preceding the establishment of a secularized, politique-based state system that provided domestic tranquility as welcome relief from extended, highly partisan warfare. It is true that religious sentiments ran high among certain Protestants and Catholics who believed millions of souls were at stake, and that passionate defenses of doctrinal purity, to the point of taking up arms, characterize a good deal of the polemic

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Jebb, S. A., P. N. Aveyard, and C. Hawkes. "The evolution of policy and actions to tackle obesity in England." Obesity Reviews 14 (October 23, 2013): 42–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/obr.12093.

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Nunes, Fátima L. S., Yara R. Marangoni, Maria Luiza Barreto-Chaves, et al. "Online graduate activities during the pandemic at the University of São Paulo, Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Informática na Educação 31, no. 1 (2023): 691–711. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/rbie.2023.2902.

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The pandemic caused by SARS-COV-2 virus required changes in the academic procedures and routines in general. In March 2020, the University of São Paulo (USP) decided to temporarily replace face-to-face classes by remote online learning using digital platforms. Due to its considerable number of faculties (approximately 6000) and graduate students (approximately 30,000) from the 267 Graduate Programs, USP had to face the challenge of dealing with new forms of learning, as well as new ways to make feasible thesis and dissertation defenses. In order to evaluate the changes required during the pand

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Joshi, Sagar Vasantrao, Nanda Wagh, Jambi Ratna Raja Kumar, Deepika Dongre, Nuzhat Rizvi, and Mahua Bhowmik. "Mitigating DDoS attacks with an intrusion detection and prevention system based on 2-player Bayesian game theory." Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences and Cryptography 27, no. 2-B (2024): 809–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47974/jdmsc-1957.

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Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are very dangerous to the availability and security of networks, so they need improved ways to be stopped. This article suggests a new way to fight DDoS attacks that uses Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems (IDPS) and 2-Player Bayesian Game Theory. Traditional IDPSs often have trouble responding quickly to changing attack tactics, which makes them less effective as defenses. The suggested structure, on the other hand, imagines the attacker and defense interacting as a Bayesian game. This lets them make proactive choices and come up with flexi

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Ireland, Patrick R. "The limits of sending-state power: The Philippines, Sri Lanka, and female migrant domestic workers." International Political Science Review 39, no. 3 (2018): 322–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192512118755597.

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Sending states have taken various measures to protect their female nationals serving abroad as domestics. A most-similar case comparison is constructed between the Sri Lankan and Philippine states’ defenses of ‘their’ female migrant domestic workers (FMDWs), employing process tracing and relying on data from archival research, interviews, policies, and official statements. Existing explanations for sending-state actions stress dependence on remittances, receiving-country conditions, and the democratic incorporation of emigrants. Here, however, a stock of FMDWs with more highly valued human cap

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LENG, THOMAS. "COMMERCIAL CONFLICT AND REGULATION IN THE DISCOURSE OF TRADE IN SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY ENGLAND." Historical Journal 48, no. 4 (2005): 933–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x05004863.

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This article seeks to re-examine the intellectual context of commercial policy and regulation in seventeenth-century England. It questions a common assumption about so-called ‘mercantilist’ writers: that they saw trade as in some way finite and therefore won by one nation at the expense of another. Instead, it proposes that the often belligerent attitude of the ‘mercantilists’ towards trade was rooted in an understanding of the nature of international commerce as both communication and competition. Although writers acknowledged the mutual aspect of trade, they did not see this exchange as auto

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Siddharth Thapliyal and Poonam Rawat. "Social-Engineer 'Civil Servants' Historical Development & Common Law Perspective." GIS Business 14, no. 6 (2020): 1011–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/gis.v14i6.16845.

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Civil services in India are modeled upon the pattern of Britain. Still there are some important defenses between the law relating to civil servants in England and India. The expression civil post has been subject of judicial interpretation. The safeguard to Govt. servants in India has been provided in Indian constitution under Article and fundamental rights against doctrine of pleasure enumerated in Article 3l0. The doctrine pleasure is originated from English law through East India Company when British directly took over the command of India from East India Company. The doctrine of pleasure w

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Siddharth Thapliyal and Poonam Rawat. "Social-Engineer 'Civil Servants' Historical Development & Common Law Perspective." GIS Business 14, no. 6 (2020): 1118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26643/gis.v14i6.16859.

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Civil services in India are modeled upon the pattern of Britain. Still there are some important defenses between the law relating to civil servants in England and India. The expression civil post has been subject of judicial interpretation. The safeguard to Govt. servants in India has been provided in Indian constitution under Article and fundamental rights against doctrine of pleasure enumerated in Article 3l0. The doctrine pleasure is originated from English law through East India Company when British directly took over the command of India from East India Company. The doctrine of pleasure w

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Rogerson, Pippa. "ECONOMIC TORTS IN THE CONFLICT OF LAWS." Cambridge Law Journal 76, no. 2 (2017): 240–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197317000496.

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IN AMT Futures Ltd. v Marzillier [2017] UKSC 13; [2017] 2 W.L.R. 853, the Supreme Court had to decide where a “harmful event” occurred in order to determine whether the English court had jurisdiction over the defendant, Marzillier, a German lawyer. AMT brought an action in England against Marzillier for inducing breaches of contracts made between AMT and their European clients. Although the client contracts contained an exclusive jurisdiction clause in favour of the English courts, Marzillier had encouraged the clients to bring actions against AMT in Germany. The claims were made under German

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Hao, Yajie, and Xiaoshuang Zhou. "Therapeutic Potential of CHCHD2 in Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury: Mechanistic Insights into Nrf2-Dependent Antioxidant Defense in HK2 Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 13 (2025): 6089. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136089.

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) resulting from ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) poses a significant clinical challenge due to its high mortality and complex pathophysiology. Here, the protective actions of Coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 2 (CHCHD2) in carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP)-induced adenosine triphosphate depletion and recovery (ATP-D/R) injury in human kidney-2 (HK2) cells are examined. During ATP-D/R, expression levels of CHCHD2 were significantly reduced. The overexpression of CHCHD2 substantially reduced the levels of ROS, lipid peroxidation, apoptosis, k

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CAPP, BERNARD. "BIGAMOUS MARRIAGE IN EARLY MODERN ENGLAND." Historical Journal 52, no. 3 (2009): 537–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x09990021.

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ABSTRACTThough divorce followed by remarriage was illegal in early modern England, a considerable number of people whose marriage had failed or whose spouse had deserted ventured to marry again, either uncertain of the law or choosing to defy it. Bigamy, traditionally a spiritual offence, came to be seen as a significant social problem and was made a felony in 1604. Drawing on ecclesiastical and secular court records and a variety of other sources, this article examines the legal framework, offers a typology of bigamists, and explores the circumstances surrounding their actions. It finds that

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Friocourt, Yann, Meinte Blaas, Matthijs Bonte, et al. "The Impact of Extreme Sea Level Rise on the National Strategies for Flood Protection and Freshwater in the Netherlands." Water 17, no. 7 (2025): 919. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17070919.

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This work investigates the impact of sea level rise (SLR) of up to 3 m on flood protection and freshwater availability in the Netherlands. We applied an exploratory modeling approach to consider the large degree of uncertainty associated with SLR. The results show the current degree of flood protection can be technically and financially maintained for up to three meters of SLR. A primary finding of this work is that a similar degree of safety against floods can be maintained. There are, however, several challenges: First, maintaining this degree of safety against floods requires considerable s

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Goldman, Michael. "Drilling Into Hydraulic Fracturing and Shale Gas Development: A Texas and Federal Environmental Perspective." Texas Wesleyan Law Review 19, no. 1 (2012): 185–268. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/twlr.v19.i1.8.

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This Article will first discuss the existing federal laws and regulations and proposed federal laws that apply to hydraulic fracturing activities as well as current studies and enforcement actions concerning the same. This Article will then discuss Texas statutes and regulations and various activities that are currently being pursued by the regulatory agencies that govern shale gas exploration in Texas. With respect to local matters, this Article will also briefly consider municipal regulation of the industry. With the rapid growth of shale gas exploration as a result of hydraulic fracturing,

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Maller, Mark. "God’s Role Toward Genocides." Secular Studies 6, no. 1 (2024): 84–99. https://doi.org/10.1163/25892525-bja10059.

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Abstract This article analyzes Richard Swinburne’s arguments in the problem of evil and raises new criticism and understanding regarding genocides, especially the Holocaust. Genocides are the greatest challenges for theodicies and free will defenses, yet they are rarely addressed in the scholarship. My empirical approach questions why a loving omnipotent God permits genocides of evil . Swinburne argues that evils are necessary for good free acts, such as the creation of moral virtues. However, the future goods do not compensate or justify the millions of horrific and unnecessary deaths and suf

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Stanton, Emily, and Anita Bell. "Health protection." InnovAiT: Education and inspiration for general practice 12, no. 12 (2019): 725–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1755738019873361.

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Health protection is a key function of Public Health England, encompassing emergency preparedness, resilience and response, environmental health, and communicable disease control. The aim of this article is to discuss the role of health protection, its structure in England, and how GPs are integral to the reporting, surveillance and actions to protect public health. Case studies are included. Finally, the article will highlight knowledge that GPs will find useful when considering notifiable infectious diseases and the role of GP and health protection in the NHS Long Term Plan.

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