Journal articles: 'Activator appliance'

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Jagadheeswari Ramamoorthy, Remmiya Mary Varghese, and Geo Mani. "Prevalence Of Removable Functional Appliance Usage In The Management Of Class II Malocclusion." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL3 (2020): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl3.2898.

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A Removable functional appliance is composed of polished acrylic shields and stainless steel wires prescribed for patients with more pronounced class II malocclusion or open bite. These appliances work comfortably with a patient’s inherent growth to produce the desired Skeletal or Dental development. It can be achieved by dentoalveolar effects, alteration of soft tissue and utilisation of greater Mandibular growth potential. The commonly used Removable functional appliances are Twin Block appliance, Activator, Bionator, Frankel appliance, etc. This study aims to assess the frequency of the usage of removable functional appliances in a hospital based set up. The data of patients undergoing Removable functional appliance therapy was retrieved from the case sheets of the patients.The collected data was tabulated in Excel and statistically analysed with the help of SPSS software. From the results obtained, Twin block appliance was the most prevalent Removable functional appliance with a frequency of 60.6%. Frankel appliance and Activator each had a frequency of 9.1%. Twin block appliances were mostly preferred for males than females whereas Activator is preferred mostly for females. Based on the age, Twin block appliance was preferred for the age group 10-15 years, Frankel appliance for 5-10 years, Activator and Other appliances for 10-15 years. Therefore, within the limits of this study, we observed that Twin block appliance was the most preferred Removable functional appliance used in the management of Class II malocclusion and the most common age group receiving appliance therapy is 10-15 years.

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Nedeljkovic, Nenad, Ivana Scepan, Branislav Glisic, and Evgenija Markovic. "Dentaoalveolar changes in young adult patients with Class II/1 malocclusion treated with the Herbst appliance and an activator." Vojnosanitetski pregled 67, no. 2 (2010): 170–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp1002170n.

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Background/Aim. Functional appliances can be used effectively in the treatment of skeletal Class II/1 malocclusions. The best treatment results are obtained during active period of facial growth when skeletal, as well as dentoalveolar, changes occur. In comparison with removable functional appliances, such as activator, that are effective only during adolescent period of growth, the Herbst fixed appliance is also successful at the end of the growth period. It also offers a shorter treatment time and a patient compliance is not necessary. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare dentoalveolar changes in the group of young adult patients with Class II/1 malocclusion treated with the Herbst appliance and an activator. Methods. The sample for this study consisted of 50 patients of both sexes, 14-21 years of age with Class II/1 malocclusion. For estimating the effect of functional appliances used, the following cephalometrics parameters were determined: inclination of the upper and lower incisors, interincisal angle, antero-posterior molars relationships, overjet and overbite. The results obtained were statistically tested. Results. The cephalometric findings after the treatment indicated retroinclination of upper incisors (average value of 9?) and proclination of lower incisors (average value of 7?), mostly expressed in the patients treated by Herbst appliance (p < 0.001). Increased overjet and distocclusion were completely corrected in the group of patients treated with the Herbst appliance, while the correction of malocclusion in the activator group was only partially accomplished. No changes in the overbite were noticed at the end of the treatment in both groups. Conclusion. The results of this study revealed that the Herbst appliance is more effective in the treatment of Class II/1 malocclusion in young adults in comparison with the activator.

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Kang, Himchan, Koeun Lee, Misun Kim, et al. "Study of Functional Appliance for Treatments of Children and Adolescents with Class II Malocclusion." JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN ACADEMY OF PEDTATRIC DENTISTRY 47, no. 3 (2020): 235–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5933/jkapd.2020.47.3.235.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the skeletal and dentoalveolar effects and optimal timing for treatment of class II malocclusion with functional appliances in children and adolescents.A group of 30 patients with class II malocclusion were divided into 3 groups according to their use of functional appliance: Twin block, Activator, Fränkel appliance. The group was also divided into 2 groups according to the cervical vertebrae maturation method. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were analyzed pretreatment (T0) and posttreatment (T1). Among the functional appliances, treatment with Twin block and Activator showed significant increase in the length of the mandible (Co-Gn) and the lower anterior facial height (ANS to Me), whereas the overjet and overbite were significantly reduced. Treatment with Fränkel appliance showed significant improvement in the relationship of maxilla and mandible. In addition, if the functional appliance was used during the period of pubertal growth peak, there was a significant increase in mandibular length, improvement in the relationship of maxilla and mandible, labial inclination of lower incisors and decrease in overjet compared to the treatment before pubertal growth peak. Therefore, this study indicates that using functional appliances for patients with class II malocclusion is effective and the optimal timing for using functional appliances is during pubertal growth peak.

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Malik, AnilS, and AbhijeetS Karnik. "Activator reloaded - Myofunctional appliance at its best." Contemporary Clinical Dentistry 2, no. 1 (2011): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0976-237x.79301.

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Ma, Xuhui, Bing Fang, Qinggang Dai, Yunhui Xia, Lixia Mao, and Lingyong Jiang. "Temporomandibular Joint Changes After Activator Appliance Therapy." Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 24, no. 4 (2013): 1184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/scs.0b013e31829972c0.

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Dogra, Namrata, Archana Jaglan, Sidhu M. S., Seema Grover, and Suman Suman. "Skeletal Class II Malocclusion Treated with AdvanSync 2 - A Case Report." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 34 (2021): 2951–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/603.

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Treatment of complex malocclusion poses a challenge for the orthodontist because of its multifactorial aetiology. Class II malocclusion is the most frequently encountered and treated malocclusion in orthodontic practice and affects approximately 14.6 % of the North Indian population.1 A common reason for Class II malocclusion is mandibular skeletal retrusion which is the most common characteristic, as reported by McNamara.2 This can be caused by genetic or hereditary factors. When evaluating treatment options for Class II patients, the extent of the skeletal discrepancy and the skeletal maturity of the patient needs to be considered. Treatment may range from dental compensation including camouflage with extractions to surgical procedures targeted at moving the jaw at fault. In growing patients, growth modification with functional appliances offers an intermediate treatment option. Functional appliances are basically of two types; Removable and Fixed. Removable functional appliances such as Activator, Bionator, Frankel Function regulator and Twin Block appliance change Class II relationship by the transmission of soft tissue tension to the dentition. Treatment success with these appliances relies heavily on patient compliance. Therefore, in non-compliant patients, fixed Class II correctors in conjunction with fixed orthodontic appliances are the best choice.3 Fixed functional appliances generate continuous stimuli for mandibular growth without break and permit better adaptation to functions like mastication, swallowing, speech and respiration.1 The Herbst fixed functional appliance has been used routinely for Class II patients and has undergone many design variations over time.4 The AdvanSync2 Class II corrector is a recently introduced fixed functional appliance. It has a much smaller size than the conventional Herbst appliances, is easier to place, activate and remove and most importantly, can be used in conjunction with full-arch fixed appliances throughout.3 Here we describe a case report of a patient treated with the AdvanSync2 Class II corrector and the findings observed in the sagittal and vertical dimensions

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Hossain, MZ. "Technique training of Myofunctional appliance : Activators." Bangladesh Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 2, no. 1 (2013): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v2i1.16003.

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Myofunctional appliance are considered by many authorities orthopedic in nature, influencing the facial skeleton of the growing child in the condylar and suture areas. They also exert an orthodontic effect on the dent-alveolar area. Among these activator is the most well-known myofunctional appliance. The article describes the myofunctional appliance and its technique training, design, steps in preparation of Class II and Class III activator in sequential stages with illustrated case reports, treating class III molar relationship with crowded arch in maxilla and anterior cross bite. The Author acknowledges that the article is summarized from the lectures, handouts during his postgraduate studies in Kyushu University and Hiroshima University, Japan and from his experience from Dhaka Dental College and private practice at Ortho Dental Care. This article is a continuation of the series of technique training in orthodontics especially for the post-graduate trainees as well as for the practitioners who will learn and practice functional appliance specially activators. Once again, I believe that post-graduate trainee doctors, faculty members, private practitioners and all other concerned will find this article as a guide line during their training as well as in their professional practicing period. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v2i1.16003 Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, October 2011; Vol-2, No.1, 34-46

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Budihardja, Anita, and Jusuf Sjamsuddin. "U bow activator, an alternative functional orthodontic appliance." Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) 40, no. 1 (2007): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/j.djmkg.v40.i1.p20-26.

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Leonardi, Rosalia, and Ersilia Barbato. "Mandibular Asymmetry Treated With a Modified Activator Appliance." Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 18, no. 4 (2007): 939–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/scs.0b013e3180a77206.

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Remmer, K. Ross, Antonios H. Mamandras, W. Stuart Hunter, and David C. Way. "Cephalometric changes associated with treatment using the activator, the Fränkel appliance, and the fixed appliance." American Journal of Orthodontics 88, no. 5 (1985): 363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(85)90063-6.

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Nedeljkovic, Nenad, Zorana Stamenkovic, and Predrag Nikolic. "Treatment of 2nd class division 1 malocclusion by using Herbs appliance." Serbian Dental Journal 52, no. 3 (2005): 174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs0503174n.

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In this case was described the treatment in 14.5 years old female patient with II/1 class of malocclusion. On the base of clinical findings, study cast analysis, analysis of orthopan and profile cephalograms, there were assess II/1 class of malocclusion with deep bite, bimaxilar protrusion of frontal teeth and mild crowding in lower jaw. Patient was inefficacy treated by Andresen?s activator for two years. This occasion and patients age was reason to continue with the therapy by Herbst appliance for 6 months and fixed appliance 7 months more. By Herbst appliance was corrected sagital relation between jaws in very short treatment time and continuing treatment with fixed appliance was corrected intermaxilar teeth relation.

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Kinzinger, Gero, Susanna Savvaidis, Norbert Gülden, Björn Ludwig, Michael Knösel, and Jörg Lisson. "Effects of Two Different Functional Appliances on Root Development of Posterior Teeth: Activator vs. Bite-jumping Appliance." Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie 71, no. 3 (2010): 235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00056-010-9935-9.

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Arponen, Heidi, Ritva Hirvensalo, Veronica Lindgren, and Anu Kiukkonen. "Treatment compliance of adolescent orthodontic patients with headgear activator and twin-block appliance assessed prospectively using microelectronic wear-time documentation." European Journal of Orthodontics 42, no. 2 (2020): 180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjaa001.

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Summary Background Success of orthodontic removable appliance treatment relies on patient compliance. The aim of this quantitative and qualitative study was to explore the compliance and self-reported experience of adolescents in orthodontic treatment with headgear activator (HGA) or twin-block (TB) appliance. Materials/methods The study group comprised 52 adolescents with a mean age of 12.6 (±1.3) years at the start of the treatment. The patients were treated at a free-of-charge public dental clinic. Participants were randomly allocated to two equal groups to be treated with either HGA or TB. Patient compliance was evaluated as appliance wear time and subjective experience. Appliance wear time was recorded with Theramon® microchip, and the self-reported subjective experience using a questionnaire. Results In total, 30 patients completed the treatment during the follow-up period. HGA was worn on average 7 hours per day and TB 9 hours per day by those patients, who successfully completed the treatment. During a mean observation period of 13 months (range 7–23 months), the mean actual wear time was 43 per cent less than the advised 12 or 18 hours per day in the whole patient group, and 55 per cent in those patients, who completed the treatment. Compliance level was unrelated to the appliance type. Limitations Study assessed a relatively small number of patients. Conclusions/implications Adolescent patients wear HGA and TB less than advised. Individual variation in treatment adherence is considerable. Thereby, microelectronic wear-time documentation can be a cost-effective mean of identifying non-compliance.

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Papadopulos, Konstantinos, Tatjana Tanic, and Vladimir Mitic. "Orthodontic management of facial asymmetry caused by early condilar fracture in a growing patient." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 140, no. 9-10 (2012): 630–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh1210630p.

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Introduction. There are numerous possible causes of facial asymmetry. The facial asymmetry can be summarized and divided into three main categories: congenital, developmental, and acquired, resulting from disease or trauma. The most common cause of acquired facial asymmetry is condylar fracture. One of therapy concepts is the functional orthodontic treatment. Case Outline. The case presented is a 10.4 years old girl whose chief complaint was a progressive facial asymmetry. The patient?s medical history established a facial trauma at the age of 2 years. The treatment plan consisted of functional jaw orthopedic appliance therapy (modification of activator) and fixed appliances on the upper and lower jaw. Conclusion. Timely diagnosis of condylar fracture, which can lead to facial asymmetry, can be managed by comprehensive orthodontic treatment.

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Bendeus, Margareta, Urban Hägg, and Bakr Rabie. "Growth and treatment changes in patients treated with a headgear-activator appliance." American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 121, no. 4 (2002): 376–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1067/mod.2002.122177.

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Turnock, Christopher, and Michael G. Woods. "The Herbst appliance and the Activator: influence of the vertical facial pattern." Australasian Orthodontic Journal 32, no. 2 (2021): 130–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21307/aoj-2020-120.

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Bittencourt Neto, Aristeu Corrêa de, Armando Yukio Saga, Ariel Adriano Reyes Pacheco, and Orlando Tanaka. "Therapeutic approach to Class II, Division 1 malocclusion with maxillary functional orthopedics." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 20, no. 4 (2015): 99–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2176-9451.20.4.099-125.sar.

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INTRODUCTION: Interceptive treatment of Class II, Division 1 malocclusion is a challenge orthodontists commonly face due to the different growth patterns they come across and the different treatment strategies they have available.OBJECTIVE: To report five cases of interceptive orthodontics performed with the aid of Klammt's elastic open activator (KEOA) to treat Class II, Division 1 malocclusion.METHODS: Treatment comprehends one or two phases; and the use of functional orthopedic appliances, whenever properly recommended, is able to minimize dentoskeletal discrepancies with consequent improvement in facial esthetics during the first stage of mixed dentition. The triad of diagnosis, correct appliance manufacture and patient's compliance is imperative to allow KEOA to contribute to Class II malocclusion treatment.RESULTS: Cases reported herein showed significant improvement in skeletal, dental and profile aspects, as evinced by cephalometric analysis and clinical photographs taken before, during and after interceptive orthodontics.

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Phan, K. L. D., M. Bendeus, U. Hagg, K. Hansen, and A. B. M. Rabie. "Comparison of the headgear activator and Herbst appliance--effects and post-treatment changes." European Journal of Orthodontics 28, no. 6 (2006): 594–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjl052.

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Nedeljkovic, Nenad, Vesna Zivojinovic, and Mirjana Ivanovic. "Clinical effects of fixed functional Herbst appliance in the treatment of class II/1 malocclusion." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 137, no. 11-12 (2009): 675–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0912675n.

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Introduction. Sagittal mandible deficiency is the most common cause of skeletal Class II malocclusion. Treatment objective is to stimulate sagittal mandible growth. Fixed functional Herbst appliance use is beneficial for shortening the time required for treatment and does not depend on patient compliance. Case outline. A 13-year-old girl was referred to the Clinic of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry in Belgrade following previous unsuccessful treatment of her skeletal Class II malocclusion using an activator. The patient's poor cooperation had led to failure of the treatment. Patient was subjected to the Herbst treatment for 6 months followed by fixed appliance for another 8 months. Lateral cephalograms before and after the treatment was performed. The remodelation of condylar and fossal articulation was assessed by superimposition of pre- and post-treatment temporomandibular joint tomograms. The promotion of oral hygiene and fluoride use was performed because orthodontic treatment carries a high caries risk and risk for periodontal disease. Skeletal and dental changes were observed after treatment (correction [Max+Mand]: molar relation 7 mm, overjet 8 mm, skeletal relation 5 mm, molars 2 mm, incisors 3 mm). Combination of Herbst and fixed appliances was effective in the treatment of dental and skeletal irregularities for a short period of time. Conclusion . In the retention period, 14 months after treatment, occlusal stability exists. Follow-up care in oral prevention is based on regular recalls at the dental office and supervision at home by the parents.

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Hanggi, M. P., U. M. Teuscher, M. Roos, and T. A. Peltomaki. "Long-term changes in pharyngeal airway dimensions following activator-headgear and fixed appliance treatment." European Journal of Orthodontics 30, no. 6 (2008): 598–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjn055.

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Jouybari, Ali AM, Valiallah Arash, Saeid Tavanafar, Soraya Khafri, and Zahra Dehghan. "The Effects of Functional Appliances on Female Patients with Skeletal Class II Malocclusion 6 Months after Menarche." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 17, no. 4 (2016): 286–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1843.

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ABSTRACT Aim To investigate the skeletal, dental, and soft tissue changes in girls with class II division 1 malocclusion after growth spurt peak under the effect of activator appliance. Materials and methods In this clinical trial study, 15 female patients, with skeletal class II and mandibular growth deficiency and at least 5 mm overjet, were randomly selected 6 months after their menarche. The mean of their ages at the beginning was 12.33 ± 0.81 years, and in the end it was 13.73 ± 0.79 years; the mean duration of treatment was 12.2 ± 3.18 months. Lateral, cephalometric radiographs were taken from all the patients before and after the treatment. Data were analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20 using paired t-test. Results On an average, the ANB angle, the angle of the upper incisors with the S-N, facial convexity, and overjet decreased by 2.6° ± 0.9, 5.4° ± 0.8, 3.8° ± 3.4, and 5.6 ± 1.8 mm respectively. The SNB angle, the angle of the lower incisors with the N-B, the labiomental angle, the total length of the mandible, the lower anterior facial height, the lower lip distance, the first molar of the mandible, and the soft tissue pogonion to the vertical line from the S point increased by 2.8° ± 1.8, 3.4° ± 3, 14.7 ± 15, 3.7 ± 2.6, 2.1 ± 1.6, 6.3 ± 2.5, 4.4 ± 2.4, and 6 ± 3.3 mm respectively. All these figures were statistically significant (p = 0.000). Conclusion The functional appliance improved the dental–skeletal relations and the soft tissue profile of patients after growth spurt peak of puberty in a group of Iranian girls, whereas dental changes were more than skeletal ones. Clinical significance Functional appliances can be used for correction of skeletal class II malocclusion 6 months after menarche in girls. How to cite this article Jouybari AAM, Arash V, Tavanafar S, Khafri S, Dehghan Z. The Effects of Functional Appliances on Female Patients with Skeletal Class II Malocclusion 6 Months after Menarche. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(4):286-293.

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Farronato, Giampietro, Vera Carletti, Cinzia Maspero, Davide Farronato, Lucia Giannini, and Claudio Bellintani. "Craniofacial Growth in Children Affected by Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Involving the Temporomandibular Joint: Functional Therapy Management." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 33, no. 4 (2009): 351–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/jcpd.33.4.05287m400q508772.

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The aim of this study was twofold: 1) to asses the effects of a functional appliance on condyles damaged by juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). and 2) to evaluate its ability to reduce alterations in craniofacial development.Study design: Seventy-two JIA patients with temporomandibular involvement, ages ranging between 4 and 16 years, were treated. All of them presented temporomandibular joint involvement. They were treated with an activator and followed for 4 years. Results: At the second examination, it was possible to observe a reduction in mandibular retrusion and in the sagittal discrepancy between mandible and maxilla, a reduction in the angle of divergence, a counterclockwise rotation of the mandible, a reduction of the gonial angle, a longer mandibular ramus, a reduction in the discrepancy between anterior and posterior height caused by an increase in posterior height and a forward positioning of the chin. Conclusion: The functional appliance reduces the severity of facial alterations improving mandibular and condylar growth.

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Suprihatin, Endang. "PERENCANAAN MESIN GILING RAMUAN JAMU DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PENGGERAK DINAMO LISTRIK GUNA MENINGKATKAN HASIL PRODUKSI ( PLANNING OF MILLING MACHINE OF HERB INGREDIENT BY USING DYNAMO ELECTRICS ACTIVATOR UTILIZE TO IMPROVE PRODUCTION )." Sains & Teknologi 2, no. 3 (2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24123/jst.v2i3.2255.

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Home industry property of Ms. Sarino in Countryside Karangrejo Sub-Province Banyuwangi in making of “jamu gendong” (Herb). In course of making herb still use the way of traditional that is by 100% still exploit manpower to producing it, so that production capacities had still lower. This Fact very regrettably because consumer request or market of traditional herb high enough. In this research writer make milling machine of herb appliance moved by motor dynamo to replace pounding process which during the time eat time almost 4 hour in one day and very is extorting of energy. In making of the appliance exploit modified manual flesh milling machine with electrics dynamo activator. Research hypothesis told is exploiting milling machine of herb moved by motor dynamo can improve prosperity and advantage all producer of traditional herb. Data analysis cover time calculation of herb and comparison of result before and after usage of milling machine. From result of data analysis and calculation obtained that appliance performance weared to reach 9 kg/day (in this time only 5 kg/day) and also earn is easily mastered and operated by traditional herb maker. Acceptable and lower Clunk arising out by society and also don’t cause aroma which isn’t delicate. Result of research conclude that with usage of herb crusher machine assessed competent enough be achieved and can improve obtained profit, from previous equal Rp 20.802,- becoming Rp 43.792,- per day or go up equal to Rp 22.990,- (111 %).

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Rita, Sufia Nasrin, and SM Anwar Sadat. "Growth Modification in Class II Malocclusion: A Review." Update Dental College Journal 4, no. 2 (2015): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v4i2.24044.

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Class II malocclusion is the condition in which the mandibular first molars occlude distal to the normal relationship with the maxillary first molar. The etiology of class II malocclusion varied between skeletal, soft tissues, dental factors and habits. Skeletal class II could be because of protrusion of maxilla, retrusion of mandible and combination of both. The treatment modalities of any skeletal problem include Growth modification, Dental camouflage and Orthognathic surgery. The optimal time for treatment of patients with Class II malocclusions therapy should be initiated at the beginning of cervical vertebrae maturation stage CS3 to maximize the treatment effects. Age of treatment is approximately 8-14 years. The growth modification of moderate to severe skeletal class II malocclusion can be done by head gear, bionator, activator, twin block, herbest appliance, Frankel II regulator. The ultimate goal of growth modification depends on treatment timing, length of treatment, working mechanism of appliance, patients skeletal and dental condition we want to treat and the compliance of the patient.Update Dent. Coll. j: 2014; 4 (2): 23-26

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Novruzov, Z. G., R. K. Alieva, Z. I. Garaev, and S. K. Kulieva. "Effect of modified twin block appliance used for distoclusion treatment on stomatognathic system." Kazan medical journal 99, no. 3 (2018): 426–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2018-426.

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Aim. Study of the effect of modified twin block activator used for distoclusion treatment on stomatognathic system and its improvement. Methods. 55 patients with skeletal distoclusion were examined. Out of them 28 patients treated orthodontically comprised the study group and 27 non-treated patients were included into the control group. The patients' age was 10-14 years (mean age 11.78±0.91), the duration of treatment was 1.5-2 years (mean duration 1.82±0.43). To avaluate the changes in stomatognathic system, cephalometric analysis was performed before and after treatment, and in the control group cephalometric analysis was performed with a 2-year interval. Results. During treatment with modified twin block appliance, SNB angle reached norm (80°). This is an important positive result in the treatment of distoclusion. ANB angle reflecting sagittal relationship between the upper and lower jaws and WITS decreased and reached normal size. Overjet normalized due to upper incisors retrusion and repositioning of the mandible forward in patients of the study group. In this group due to changes in soft tissues, in-profile esthetic and harmonious appearance of lips and chin was restored. In case of relative physiological rest the opened lips became closer and provided esthetic optimum of the face. Conclusion. Use of modified twin block appliance for the treatment of patients with distoclusion due to repositioning of the mandible forward allows improving sagittal relationship between the upper and lower jaws as well as overjet correction without increasing face height; use of modified twin block appliance allows normalizing sagittal occlusion and protrusion of upper incisors and upper lip.

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Rody, Wellington J., Manjula Wijegunasinghe, William A. Wiltshire, and Brenden Dufault. "Differences in the gingival crevicular fluid composition between adults and adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment." Angle Orthodontist 84, no. 1 (2013): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/012813-85.1.

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ABSTRACT Objectives: To investigate differences in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) composition between adolescent and adult patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Materials and Methods: Ten adolescents (14.4 ± 1.43) and 10 adults (28.5 ± 7.83) with Class I malocclusions and minor upper incisor crowding were allocated to two different age groups. Brackets were bonded only in the upper arch over the 20-week period of the experiment. Samples of GCF were collected from the labial sides of the upper incisors (experimental sites) and lower incisors (control sites) of each subject at five time points. Aliquots from diluted GCF were screened for the presence of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) using a microarray technique. The values were statistically analyzed. Results: In adults, the ratio of IL-1 to IL-1RA decreased significantly (P = .033) in experimental sites 3 weeks after appliance placement and first archwire activation. In adolescents, the ratio of RANKL to OPG peaked 6 weeks after the insertion of the first rectangular archwire. This ratio peak found in adolescents was a consequence of a decrease in the mean concentration of OPG. No significant changes over time were observed in the concentration of MMP-9. Conclusion: This study demonstrates age trends in the GCF levels of IL-1, IL-1RA, RANKL, and OPG that may be used to track differences in tissue response between adults and adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment.

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Hourfar, Jan, Gero Stefan Michael Kinzinger, Luisa Euchner, and Jörg Alexander Lisson. "Differential skeletal and dental effects after orthodontic treatment with bite jumping appliance or activator: a retrospective cephalometric study." Clinical Oral Investigations 24, no. 7 (2019): 2513–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-03115-4.

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Čirgić, Emina, Heidrun Kjellberg, and Ken Hansen. "Discomfort, expectations, and experiences during treatment of large overjet with Andresen Activator or Prefabricated Functional Appliance: a questionnaire survey." Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 75, no. 3 (2017): 166–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00016357.2016.1274424.

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Jing, Mao. "Study of occlusal-maxillo-facial 3-dimentional structural change of orthodontic therapy of crossbite malocclusion by modified ACTIVATOR appliance." Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology [Medical Sciences] 22, no. 2 (2002): 174–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02857687.

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Ylikontiola, L. P., G. K. Sándor, V. H. Harila, and P. M. Pirttiniemi. "Distraction Osteogenesis with complimentary Herbst Appliance and Activator therapy to produce significant mandibular lengthening in bilateral Tessier 7 clefts." International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 40, no. 10 (2011): 1114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2011.07.296.

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Antonarakis, Gregory Stylianos, and Stavros Kiliaridis. "Short-term Anteroposterior Treatment Effects of Functional Appliances and Extraoral Traction on Class II Malocclusion." Angle Orthodontist 77, no. 5 (2007): 907–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/061706-244.

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Abstract Objective: To evaluate the anteroposterior short-term skeletal and dental effects on Class II malocclusion in growing patients following treatment with functional appliances (activators or twin block), extraoral traction, or combination appliances (appliances with both functional and extraoral traction components), based on published data. Materials and Methods: A literature search was carried out identifying a total of nine prospective clinical trials. The data provided in the publications underwent meta-analysis using the random effects model with regard to SNA, SNB, ANB, and overjet. Results: All appliance groups showed an improvement in sagittal intermaxillary relationships (decrease in ANB) when compared to untreated subjects. Activators and twin block appliances accomplish this mainly by acting on the mandible (increases in SNB) while twin block appliances also seem to act on the maxilla (decrease in SNA). Extraoral traction appliances achieve this by acting on the maxilla (decreases in SNA). Combination appliances mainly act on the mandible (increase in SNB). Activators, twin block, and combination appliances also reveal a decrease in overjet, which is not the case in the singular use of extraoral traction. Conclusions: Intermaxillary changes being present in all appliance groups, anteroposterior treatment response following the use of functional appliances and/or extraoral traction in growing class II malocclusion patients is most evident in one of the two jaws (mandible for activators and combination appliances and maxilla for extraoral traction) except for the twin block group, which shows changes on both jaws.

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Singh, GD, and BS Thind. "Effects of the headgear-activator Teuscher appliance in the treatment of class II division 1 malocclusion: a geometric morphometric study." Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research 6, no. 2 (2003): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0854.2003.c245.x.

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Rai, Ambesh Kumar, Anand Patil, and Sanjay V. Ganeshkar. "A two stage non extraction treatment of class II division 1 malocclusion using split-activator and fixed appliance – A case report." Saudi Journal for Dental Research 7, no. 1 (2016): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjdr.2015.04.003.

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Martinelli, Fernando Lima, Priscilla Sobral Couto, and Antonio Carlos Oliveira Ruellas. "Three Palatal Arches Used to Correct Posterior Dental Crossbites." Angle Orthodontist 76, no. 6 (2006): 1047–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/111105-397.

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Abstract Objective: To assess the force, resilience, and elasticity modulus produced by the Coffin appliance, “W” arch, and quad-helix made with 0.032-inch and 0.036-inch stainless steel wire. Materials and Methods: Two groups of 15 arches were made as Coffin appliances, two groups of 15 arches were made as “W” arches, and two groups of 15 arches were made as quad-helices. One group of each appliance was formed in 0.032-inch and one group in 0.036-inch stainless steel wire. All arches (6 groups of 15 each) were submitted to compression trials in the mechanical testing machine EMIC DL-10000, simulating 5-, 8-, 10-, and 12-mm activation. The force and resilience means received a one-way ANOVA statistical analysis. Results: The results showed that the mechanical properties depended on the shape of the appliance, the diameter of the wire used, and the amount of activation. Conclusions: The three appliances assessed produce appropriate forces for orthodontic treatment as long as they are correctly planned during clinical application.

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Inamassu-Lemes, Sheila Marques, Acácio Fuziy, André Luiz Ferreira Costa, Paulo Eduardo Guedes Carvalho, and Ana Carla Raphaelli Nahás-Scocate. "Dentoskeletal and Soft Tissue Effects in the Treatment of Class II Malocclusion with Klammt's Elastic Open Activator." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 17, no. 1 (2016): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1804.

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ABSTRACT Aim The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dentoskeletal and soft tissue effects resulting from treatment with Klammt's elastic open activator (EOA) functional orthopedic appliance in patients with Class II malocclusion characterized by mandibular deficiency. Materials and methods Teleradiographs were evaluated in the lateral aspect of the initial (T1) and final (T2) orthopedic phases for 16 patients with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion. The age range was from 9 to 11.2 years, with a mean age of 9.9 years. The cephalometric points were demarcated, and cephalometric measurements were obtained by the same investigator to avoid interobserver variability. Results The EOA promoted increased lower anterior facial height (LAFH), increased effective mandibular length, clockwise rotation of the mandible, retrusion and verticalization of the upper incisors, proclination and protrusion of the lower incisors, extrusion of the upper molars, mesial movement of the lower molars and anterior projection of the lower lip. Conclusion Skeletal changes characterized by an increase in mandibular length and dentoalveolar changes with an emphasis on the verticalization and retrusion of the upper incisors, proclination of the lower incisors and mesial positioning of the lower molars were key to improving the occlusal relationship and esthetic facial factors. Clinical significance The EOA is well indicated in patients with Class II malocclusion due to mandibular deficiency with increased overbite, proclined upper incisors and verticalized lower incisors. How to cite this article Inamassu-Lemes SM, Fuziy A, Costa ALF, Carvalho PEG, Nahás-Scocate ACR. Dentoskeletal and Soft Tissue Effects in the Treatment of Class II Malocclusion with Klammt's Elastic Open Activator. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(1):63-69. Conflicts of Interest None declared

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Rahman, MM, and MZ Hossain. "Orthodontically Correction of A Class III Malocclusion without any Surgical Intervention in an adult Patient- A Case report." Bangladesh Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 2, no. 2 (2013): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v2i2.16163.

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Aim: A case of class-III malocclusion with a prognathic mandible is presented. Treatment objective included, improving facial aesthetics, correction of anterior and posterior cross bite, establishing a stable occlusion and masticatory efficiency. Subject and Methods: The patient was a 17 years old girl who been classified as class-III malocclusion. Sequele included midface depress, anterior and posterior cross bite, reverse overbite 5.5mm and reverse over jet 2.5mm, masticatory had efficiency, crowding in upper anterior segment. The aim was to flare out the maxillary arch and bring the maxillary anterior dentition over the lower dentition and established stable occlusion by class-III Activator and standard edge wise appliance. Results: The anterior cross bite was corrected, with relative forward movement of point A. Case The profile of the patient was corrected and normal overbite and over jet established. A well balance lip profile was created and psychological impairment was eliminated. Conclusion: Correction of anterior cross bite improved the facial, dental and profile of the patients. These factors contributed to the maintenance of a long term occlusal stability. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjodfo.v2i2.16163 Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2012; Vol-2, No.2, 38-40

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Shanbhag, Gajanan, Swapnil Pandey, Nirali Mehta, Yogesh Kini, and Ashwini Kini. "A Virtual Noninvasive Way of Constructing a Nasoalveolar Molding Plate for Cleft Babies, Using Intraoral Scanners, CAD, and Prosthetic Milling." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 57, no. 2 (2019): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1055665619886476.

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Presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) is a key step in the early management of cleft babies. It involves making an impression of the alveolar segments and the lip elements, after which an appliance is fabricated and activated to achieve optimal alveolar and nasal positions for a superior surgical result. These appliances are fabricated and activated in babies as young as 10 days, and the molding is ideally carried on till the baby is ready for the primary lip repair. This article outlines in detail a digital method of fabricating the PNAM appliance using a combination of intraoral scans, computer-assisted digital software, and computer-assisted machining, facilitated by milling machines. This process obviates impression making and the subsequent laboratory procedures.

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Hikmah, Nuzulul, Amandia Dewi Permana Shita, and Hafiedz Maulana. "The RANKL expression and osteoclast in alveolar bone of rat diabetic model at different mechanical force application." Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) 51, no. 1 (2018): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/j.djmkg.v51.i1.p14-19.

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Background: Diabetes is a serious and important public health problem, especially in relation to dental treatment. Because of its complications in periodontal tissue, diabetes can be contraindicated in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. The receptor activator of nuclear factor-κb ligand (RANKL) is an essential cytokine inducing osteoclastogenesis. Osteoblasts produce this cytokine which has been suggested to play an integral role in osteoclast activation during bone remodeling of orthodontic tooth movement. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between RANKL expression of osteoblast and the number of osteoclasts in the alveolar bone of diabetic rat models at different mechanical force application. Methods: This study used animal subjects, white rats (Rattus norvegicus) of the Wistar strain (n=24) divided into six groups. The mechanical force to which they were subjected ranged between 10, 20, and 30 gramforce (grf). The animal models with diabetes were injected with a stratified dose of Streptozotocin. An orthodontic appliance was inserted in both the maxillary incisors for seven days. The tissue was subjected to histological analysis of osteoclasts and immunohistochemistry analysis of RANKL expression on the pressure and tension side of the alveolar bone. Results: The results of this study showed that the increase in mechanical force produced a rise in RANKL expression and osteoclast number on the pressure and tension side of the alveolar bone of diabetic rat models. Conclusion: There was a correlation between the RANKL of osteoblast and osteoclast numbers in the alveolar bone of diabetic models with different mechanical force application.

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Chitra, Prasad. "A New Approach to Prevent Crown Loosening and Caries in the AdvanSync2 Class II Corrector." Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society 54, no. 1 (2020): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301574219886706.

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The AdvanSync2 Class II corrector is a modification of the original Herbst appliance with advantages of immediate placement in conjunction with fixed appliances. Though easy to place and activate, the molar bands have a possibility of dislodgement due to the vertical force component from the telescopic arms requiring immediate intervention from the orthodontist. An easy and reliable method to prevent molar band dislodgement is highlighted.

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Massidda, Luca, Marino Marrocu, and Simone Manca. "Non-Intrusive Load Disaggregation by Convolutional Neural Network and Multilabel Classification." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4 (2020): 1454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10041454.

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Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) is the main method used to monitor the energy footprint of a residential building and disaggregate total electrical usage into appliance-related signals. The most common disaggregation algorithms are based on the Hidden Markov Model, while solutions based on deep neural networks have recently caught the attention of researchers. In this work we address the problem through the recognition of the state of activation of the appliances using a fully convolutional deep neural network, borrowing some techniques used in the semantic segmentation of images and multilabel classification. This approach has allowed obtaining high performances not only in the recognition of the activation state of the domestic appliances but also in the estimation of their consumptions, improving the state of the art for a reference dataset.

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Tsaousidou, Maria M. K. T., Fotis F. I. G. Girtovitis, Afroditi A. K. Boutou, Elefteria E. P. Pithara, and Pantelis M. E. P. Makris. "Appliance of the DNA-Micro Array Technique for the Identification of Patients with Thrombophilic Diathesis. I-Comparison to the Classic PCR Analysis." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 4049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.4049.4049.

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Abstract Introduction: DNA Micro array have the ability to test a large number of samples for a large number of mutations on the same time, something practically impossible with the traditional hybridization methods. The goal of this study is to compare the ability of DNA micro array application to recognize genetic predisposition to thrombosis, with the one of RLF-PCR. Material: DNA samples from 37 subjects (24 male with mean age 41.9 and 13 female with mean age 38.8) were studied both with micro arrays and PCR analysis. All of these subjects had a history of either recurrent thrombosis or thrombosis at unusual sites (e.g. retina’s central vein thrombosis). Method: The thrombo-check microarray contains the following mutations and polymorphisms: Factor V Leiden (FV G1691A), FII G20210A (prothrombin mutation), FV Cambridge (FV G1091C), MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C, CBS 844ins68, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor (PAI 1 4G/5G). The thrombo-check microarray can distinguish between the normal sequence, as well as heterozygosity and homozygosity for the mutated sequence. To ensure the result is correct specific probes are included on the microarray to control for the RLF-PCR reaction, the hybridization reaction and the silver staining procedure. In addition, the correct functioning of the entire reaction can be checked using an external control DNA. Results: As long as FVL and FII are concerned, in 35 out of 37 patients (pts) both methods gave similar results. However, the results of DNA analysis were different for the other two patients. The first one was found to be, using the micro array DNA method, a double heterozygous carrier of both FVL and FII mutations, while RLF-PCR did not relieve any such genetic defects. The other patient was found to be, using the RLF-PCR a homozygous carrier for the prothrombin mutation, while micro array also revealed heterozygous mutation of FV Leiden. Moreover, the micro array method detected totally 1 patient with FVC, 4 pts homozygous for MTHFR1, 6 pts homozygous for PAI and 4 pts homozygous for MTHFR2 mutation. Further more, micro array detected the co-existence of FVL and homozygocity in a) FII mutation (2 pts), b) PAI mutation (1patient) and c) MTHFR2 (2pts). Finally, 1 patient with FII was found to be also homozygous for MTHFR1 mutation.

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Hashimoto, Koji, Takashi Ono, Ei-ichi Honda, et al. "Effects of mandibular advancement on brain activation during inspiratory loading in healthy subjects: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study." Journal of Applied Physiology 100, no. 2 (2006): 579–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00169.2005.

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Oral appliances have been a popular treatment option for subjects with obstructive sleep apnea. However, little information is available on how brain activation induced by respiratory challenge is modulated by mandibular advancement with these appliances. We hypothesized that the brain activation caused by respiratory stress may be alleviated by mandibular advancement. Respiratory stress was induced in 12 healthy subjects by resistive inspiratory loading. The effects of mandibular advancement during resistive inspiratory loading were assessed subjectively by using a visual analog scale. These effects were also evaluated objectively by using blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging. The score for the visual analog scale significantly decreased with mandibular advancement. Cortical deactivation, in association with mandibular advancement, was localized to several specific regions, including the left cingulate gyrus and the bilateral prefrontal cortexes. These regions are known to be involved in respiratory control. Our results suggest that mandibular advancement with an oral appliance appears to be useful for reducing respiratory stress, based on both subjective and neuronal criteria.

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Antonarakis, Gregory Stylianos, and Stavros Kiliaridis. "Maxillary Molar Distalization with Noncompliance Intramaxillary Appliances in Class II Malocclusion." Angle Orthodontist 78, no. 6 (2008): 1133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/101507-406.1.

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Abstract Objective: To use published data to evaluate quantitatively the dental effects of noncompliance intramaxillary appliances in individuals with Class II malocclusion. Materials and Methods: A literature search was carried out identifing 13 prospective or retrospective clinical studies matching inclusion criteria. Only appliances with conventional anchorage designs were considered for the review. The data provided in these publications were grouped and analyzed in terms of molar distalization, tipping and vertical movements, and incisor and premolar mesialization, tipping, and vertical movements. Results: Maxillary first molars showed distal crown movement and tipping greater than the mesial crown movement and tipping shown by incisors and premolars. Vertical movements of incisors and premolars were in general extrusive, but molars were intrusive or extrusive, depending on the study and the type of appliance used. Appliances that acted palatally seemed to display a smaller distal tipping movement, as well as smaller incisor and premolar mesial tipping movements, when compared with those that acted buccally. Friction-free appliances, namely the pendulum, produced a large amount of mesiodistal movement and tipping, if no therapeutic uprighting activation was applied. Conclusions: Noncompliance intramaxillary molar distalization appliances all act by distalizing molars with a concomitant and unavoidable loss of anchorage, as revealed by incisor and premolar mesial movement. Buccal acting and palatal acting appliances demonstrate almost similar results, with palatal acting appliances showing less tipping. Friction-free palatal acting appliances appear to produce better molar distalizing effects, but with a concomitant notable loss of anchorage.

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Kanomi, Ryuzo, Toru Deguchi, Eriko Kakuno, Teruko Takano-Yamamoto, and W. Eugene Roberts. "CBCT of skeletal changes following rapid maxillary expansion to increase arch-length with a development-dependent bonded or banded appliance." Angle Orthodontist 83, no. 5 (2013): 851–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/082012-669.1.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the three-dimensional (3D) skeletal response to a standardized 5 mm of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) in growing children (6–15 years) with maxillary width deficiency and crowding. Materials and Methods: A bonded appliance was used prior to the eruption of the maxillary first premolars (Mx4s), and a banded appliance was used thereafter. A consecutive sample of 89 patients (29 boys and 60 girls) from a large pediatric dentistry and orthodontics practice was divided into four groups: 1) 6–8 years old (n = 26), 2) 9–11 years old with unerupted Mx4s (n = 21), 3) 9–11 years with erupted Mx4s (n = 23), and 4) 12–15 years (n = 19). For all patients, the 3D evaluation of dental and skeletal effects was performed with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Results: For both appliances in all patients, CBCT confirmed a triangular pattern of expansion in both the frontal and sagittal planes. Overall, both appliances produced significant maxillary expansion (>80% of the 5-mm activation), but older children showed a progressively more dental (less skeletal) response. Comparison of the two types of expanders in the crossover sample, children aged 9–11 years, showed that the bonded RME produced the most efficient skeletal expansion in the preadolescent sample. Increased maxillary width at the level of the zygomaticomaxillary suture was the best indicator for development of maxillary arch circumference. Conclusion: Development-dependent appliances (bonded RPE before Mx4s erupt, and a banded device thereafter) provided optimal RME treatment for all children from age 6–15 years.

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Magdalena, C. M., V. P. Navarro, D. M. Park, M. B. S. Stuani, and M. J. A. Rocha. "c-fos Expression in Rat Brain Nuclei Following Incisor Tooth Movement." Journal of Dental Research 83, no. 1 (2004): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910408300110.

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In the rat experimental model, molar tooth movement induced by Waldo’s method is known to cause a temporally and spatially defined pattern of brain neuronal activation. Since orthodontic correction usually involves the entire dental arch, we used a spring-activated appliance to extend the investigation to incisors, and we included brain regions related to antinociception. Adjustment of the non-activated appliance on incisors resulted in c-fos expression in the dorsal raphe, peri-aqueductal gray matter, and the locus coeruleus, in addition to trigeminal sensory subnuclei and the parabrachial nucleus, where neuronal activation has already been detected in previous studies on molar tooth movement. Appliance activation with a 70- g force resulted in a further increase in Fos-immunoreactive neurons in the trigeminal sensory subnucleus caudalis and in the dorsal raphe. This result suggests that there is a recruitment of neurons related to nociception and to antinociception when tooth movement is increased.

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Abd El-Ghafour, Mohamed, Mamdouh A. Aboulhassan, Mona M. Salah Fayed, et al. "Effectiveness of a Novel 3D-Printed Nasoalveolar Molding Appliance (D-NAM) on Improving the Maxillary Arch Dimensions in Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 57, no. 12 (2020): 1370–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1055665620954321.

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Objective: The aim of the current study was to introduce and measure the effectiveness of a new 3D-printed nasoalveolar molding (D-NAM) appliance on improving the maxillary arch dimensions (MADs) in infants with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) before surgical lip repair. Design: A prospective, balanced, randomized, parallel groups, single-blinded, controlled trial. Setting: All the steps of the current study were carried in the Department of Orthodontics, Cairo University in Egypt. Participants: Thirty-four, nonsyndromic infants with UCLP. Interventions: The eligible infants were randomly assigned into either no-treatment (control) or to the new D-NAM groups. In D-NAM group, the maxillary models were 3D scanned into virtual models onto which segmentation and alveolar segments approximation were performed. Approximation movements were divided into 3 models representing 3 activation steps. On each of these models, virtual appliance construction was performed followed by 3D printing of the appliance. Nasal stent was added manually to the appliances of the second and third steps. Horizontal tapes were applied to infants in the D-NAM group only. Main Outcomes Measures: A Blinded assessors carried all the MADs measurements virtually on digital models collected at the beginning (T1) and after (T2) treatment. Results: Clinically and/or statistically significant improvements in all the measured MADs were recorded in D-NAM group at T2 before surgical lip repair in comparison to control group. Conclusions: The introduced D-NAM/3D-printed appliance is a simple and efficient technique to improve the MADs in infants with UCLP before surgical lip repair.

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Isik, F., K. Sayinsu, T. Arun, and Y. Ünlüçerçi. "Bone Marker Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid During Orthodontic Intrusive Tooth Movement: A Preliminary Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 6, no. 2 (2005): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-6-2-27.

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Abstract The aim of the present study is to observe the changes in bone turnover markers, deoxypyridinoline (Dpd), osteocalcin, n-telopeptide (NTx), and bone alkaline phosphatase (balp) during the experimental orthodontic intrusion of maxillary premolar teeth. The study population required fixed appliance therapy involving the extraction of the maxillary first premolar teeth. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected from each patient by using paper strips before the appliances were fitted and 1, 24, and 168 hours after the activation of appliances. After the second activation on the 21st, 22nd, and 28th days of the study, samples were collected. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) tests were performed following manufacturer's recommendations. The results of the study indicate Dpd, osteocalcin, and balp values decrease with force application. Among the tested parameters only Dpd values showed statistically significant changes through time. One, 7, 22, and 28 day results show a significant amount of decrease when compared to 0 days. The extra decrease on the 22nd day (the day after the second activation) is also significantly lower. NTx crosslink values could not be detected in the experimental samples. Citation Isik F, Sayinsu K, Arun T, Ünlüçerçi Y. Bone Marker Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid During Orthodontic Intrusive Tooth Movement: A Preliminary Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 May;(6)2:027-035.

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Fithriyah, Rhabiah El. "Kombinasi penggunaan quadhelix dan tanggul gigitan posterior pada perawatan crossbite anterior." Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia 2, no. 1 (2017): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.12316.

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Combination quad helix and bite riser posterior for anterior crossbite treatment. Anterior crossbite treatment can be done with the appliances either by removable appliances or fixed appliances. One fixed appliance that can be used in the treatment of anterior crossbite is a quad helix with a combination of bite raiser posterior. It is the preferred appliance for correction of maxillary dental constriction in a preadolescent child. Quad helix is activated by widening the anterior or posterior helices. An 11-year-old female patient referred to the clinic with a problem of crowding teeth that affected her appearance. The diagnosis for her case was malocclusions dentoalveolar class I angle along with anterior crossbite 12 and 21, anterior crowding maxilla with convex face profile, shifted median line, and no TMJ disorder. The treatment plan used a quad helix and bite riser posterior followed by a fixed orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study was to correct the anterior crossbite using a combination of a quad helix and bite raiser posterior. The patient was treated using composite bite raiser posterior on the occlusal surface of 16.26, and quad helix soldered to bands and cemented on 16 and 26. The patient was instructed to get her teeth controlled every two week to activate quad helix. After 3 months of active treatment, anterior crossbite was corrected. The appliance was left passively in place for 3 months as retention. The study concluded that crossbite treatment with a combination of a quad helix and bite riser was effective in correcting anterior crossbite in adolescents.ABSTRAKPerawatan crossbite anterior dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa macam alat baik dengan alat lepasan ataupun alat cekat. Salah satu alat semi cekat yang dapat digunakan pada perawatan crossbite anterior adalah quad helix dengan kombinasi tanggul gigitan posterior. Quad helix merupakan alat yang dapat digunakan untuk konstriksi dental di maksila pada masa remaja. Seorang pasien anak perempuan berusia 11 tahun mengeluhkan keadaan giginya yang berjejal dan menganggu penampilannya. Diagnosis kasus adalah maloklusi dentoalveolar kelas I angle disertai crossbite gigi 12 dan 21, crowding anterior rahang atas dengan profil muka cembung, garis median tidak sesuai dan tidak disertai gangguan TMJ. Rencana perawatan menggunakan quad helix dan tanggul gigitan posterior kemudian dilanjutkan dengan perawatan ortodontik cekat. Tujuan artikel ini adalah menyajikan perawatan crossbite anterior dengan menggunakan kombinasi quad helix dan tanggul gigitan posterior. Pasien dirawat menggunakan tanggul gigitan komposit posterior pada permukaan oklusal gigi 16, 26 dan quad helix yang disolder pada molar band dan disementasi di molar band pada gigi 16 dan 26 kemudian pasien diinstruksikan untuk kontrol setiap dua minggu satu kali kunjungan untuk aktivasi quad helix. Setelah perawatan aktif 3 bulan crossbite anterior telah terkoreksi. Alat ditinggalkan di dalam mulut dalam keadaan pasif selama 3 bulan sebagai retensi. Dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa perawatan crossbite dengan kombinasi quad helix dan tanggul gigitan posterior efektif dalam mengoreksi crossbite anterior pada remaja.

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Trein, Marcos Porto, Karina Santos Mundstock, Leonardo Maciel, Jaqueline Rachor, and Gustavo Hauber Gameiro. "Pain, masticatory performance and swallowing threshold in orthodontic patients." Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 18, no. 6 (2013): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2176-94512013000600018.

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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess pain, masticatory performance and swallowing threshold of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. METHODS: Ten patients of both genders (mean age of 17.25 ± 5.21 years), with complete permanent dentition, who underwent orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances were evaluated. The masticatory performance and the swallowing threshold were assessed by patient's individual capacity of fragmenting an artificial test food (Optocal) which was chewed and had the resulting particles processed by a standardized sieving method, presenting the median particle size (MPS) of crushed units. The intensity of pain / discomfort during chewing was evaluated by means of a visual analog scale. All tests were performed at the following times: T0 - before activating the orthodontic appliance; T1 - 24 hours after activation, and T2 - 30 days after activation. RESULTS: The results showed a significant increase in pain at T1 (T0 - 0.60 ± 0.70 mm; T1 - 66.2 ± 34.5 mm), returning to baseline values at T2 (3.20 ± 3.82 mm). Masticatory performance was also reduced in T1 (MPS 10.15 ± 1.1 mm²) in comparison to T0 (MPS 7.01 ± 2.9 mm²) and T2 (MPS 6.76 ± 1.3 mm²). However, particle size was not affected in the swallowing threshold test (T0 - 5.47 ± 2.37 mm²; T1 - 6.19 ± 2.05 mm²; T2 - 5.94 ± 2.36 mm²). CONCLUSION: The orthodontic appliances did not interfere in the size of the particles that would be swallowed, even in the presence of pain.

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Shetty, Sushruth, Rajkumar Maurya, H. V. Pruthvi Raj, and Anand Patil. "Comparison of the Pendulum appliance and the Jones Jig: A prospective comparative study." European Journal of Dentistry 11, no. 03 (2017): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejd.ejd_295_16.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To compare two molar distalization devices, the Pendulum appliance (PA) and the Jones Jig (JJ) in dental Class II patients. Materials and Methods: Pretreatment and postdistalization lateral cephalograms and study models of 20 subjects (6 males, 14 females) Class II malocclusion subjects were examined. PA and JJ group both consisted of 10 patients each with a mean pretreatment age of 12 years 1 month for females and 12 years 5 months for males. The PA and the JJ appliance were activated once in a month until Class II molar relationship was corrected to a super Class I molar relationship in both groups. Initial and final measurements and treatment changes were compared by means of Paired t-test. Results: Maxillary first molar distalized an average of 3.85 mm in the PA and 2.75 mm in the JJ between T1 and T2; rate of molar distalization was 1.59 mm/month for PA, and the JJ appliance averaged 0.88 mm/month, distal molar tipping was greater in PA (6.2°) than in the JJ (3.9°). Average mesial movement of the premolars was 2.2 mm with PA and JJ both. JJ showed a greater rotation of first molars after distalization as compared to PA. The increase in vertical facial height was also greater for JJ as compared to PA. Conclusions: Both the appliances were effective in molar distalization with PA requiring less distalization time (16 days less than JJ). Some adverse effects were noted with both which one should strive to control.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Activator appliance'

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