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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Active chlorine compound

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Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Active chlorine compound'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Active chlorine compound"

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Pratskova, Svetlana E., and Oksana E. Sirenko. "Spectrophotometric determination of active chlorine by the color of indophenolic compounds." Butlerov Communications 57, no. 3 (2019): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.37952/roi-jbc-01/19-57-3-93.

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Chlorination is a method of disinfection and oxidation of organic impurities in water. Chlorine is present in aqueous solutions in various forms, which are formed as a result of the chlorination of water. Spectrophotometric methods are very important for determining small amounts of chlorine and its compounds. The article presents a modification of the classical indophenolic method. Determination of active chlorine should be carried out at room temperature, maintaining the solutions for 50 minutes, the pH range is 11.9 ± 0.1. The optimal concentration of reagents: 33-fold excess of N-phenanthr

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Fedorova, Lyudmila S., and Anastasia V. Ilyakova. "Comparative evaluation of disinfectant efficacy against biofilm-residing microorganisms." Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology 100, no. 5 (2023): 302–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-422.

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Introduction. Bacteria in biofilms (BFs) have increased resistance to antibacterial agents, including disinfectants; however, the efficacy level varies depending on the chosen treatment. Therefore, evaluation of efficacy of main disinfectants against BF-residing microorganisms is of scientific and practical interest. The purpose of the study was to explore the effect of disinfectants from various chemical groups on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria residing in BFs. Materials and methods. The effect of the following disinfectants has been evaluated: alkyldimethylbenzylammoniu

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Le, Giang Truong, Nguyen Thuy Ta, Trung Quoc Pham, and Yen Hai Dao. "Response Surface Analysis of Fenobucarb Removal by Electrochemically Generated Chlorine." Water 11, no. 5 (2019): 899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11050899.

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the electrochemical formation of active chlorine and its subsequent use for the degradation of the pesticide fenobucarb. Initially, the process of electrochemical active chlorine production was investigated using an electrochemical flow-cell with a Ti/RuO2 plate electrode. The contribution of four main factors (chloride concentration, current density, the retention time of chloride in the cell (flow rate), and initial pH of inlet solution) to form active chlorine was determined by a central composite design (CCD). The influence of the four variab

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Usri, Siti Nur Khalidah, Zuhair Jamain, and Mohamad Zul Hilmey Makmud. "A Review on Synthesis, Structural, Flame Retardancy and Dielectric Properties of Hexasubstituted Cyclotriphosphazene." Polymers 13, no. 17 (2021): 2916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13172916.

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Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene is a ring compound consisting of an alternating phosphorus and nitrogen atom with two chlorine substituents attached to the phosphorus atom. The six chlorine atoms attached to this cyclo compound can be substituted with any different nucleophile that leads to changes in different chemical and physical properties. The major topics that were investigated in this research are the flame retardancy and dielectric properties of cyclotriphosphazene compounds. Cyclotriphosphazene compounds have high potential to act as a flame retardant, and this compound consists of two

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Zalaru, Christina, Florea Dumitrascu, Constantin Draghici, et al. "Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, Structural Analysis, and Evaluation of Anti-Tumor, Antimicrobial, and Antibiofilm Activities of Halogenoaminopyrazoles Derivatives." Antibiotics 13, no. 12 (2024): 1119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13121119.

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New haloaminopyrazole derivatives differing in the number of pyrazole nuclei 4a–f and 5a–e, respectively, were synthesized and characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, IR, UV-Vis, and elemental analysis. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction method was used to describe compounds 4a and 5d. When tested on normal NCTC fibroblasts in vitro, the newly synthesized derivatives were shown to be non-cytotoxic at a dosage of 25 μg/mL. Two compounds 4a and 5d showed a high degree of biocompatibility. From the two series of compounds tested on HEp-2 human cervical carcinoma cells, compound 5d showed a more prono

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Liu, Manli, Mengyao Ren, Yani Zhang, et al. "Antiviral Activity of Benzoheterocyclic Compounds from Soil-Derived Streptomyces jiujiangensis NBERC-24992." Molecules 28, no. 2 (2023): 878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020878.

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Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a pathogen that causes Aujeszky’s disease (AD) in animals, leading to huge economic losses to swine farms. In order to discover anti-PRV compounds, we studied the extracts of the strain Streptomyces jiujiangensis NBERC-24992, which showed significant anti-PRV activity. Eight benzoheterocyclic secondary metabolites, including three new compounds (1–3, virantmycins D–G) and five known compounds (4–8, virantmycin, A-503451 D, A-503451 D acetylate, A-503451 A, and A-503451 B), were isolated from the broth of NBERC-24992. The structures of the new compounds were identifi

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Kovač, Bruno, Kaća Piletić, Nikolina Kovačević Ganić, and Ivana Gobin. "The Effectiveness of Benzalkonium Chloride as an Active Compound on Selected Foodborne Pathogens Biofilm." Hygiene 2, no. 4 (2022): 226–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hygiene2040020.

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Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is a chlorine-based chemical compound with proven antimicrobial properties against bacteria, viruses, and fungi, depending on the length of the alkyl chain. It can be used as a biocide, as a cationic surfactant, and as a phase transfer agent. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of commercial cleaning agents for sanitary areas Bis duo Active (BDA) with BAC as an active compound in working concentrations of 5% and 20% on the destruction of bacterial biofilm formed on ceramic tiles. A biofilm of Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enterica serotype

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Abdul-Redah Muhsin, Fulath. "Relationship between Combined Chlorine (inactive chlorine) and Thermotolerant (Faecal) Coliforms Bacteria in Drinking Water among some Neighborhoods of Al-Najaf City." Al-Kufa University Journal for Biology 10, no. 2 (2018): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.36320/ajb/v10.i2.8129.

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Drinking water must not have a special taste or odor, be pure, constant at chemical compound, and not contain pathogenic bacteria, parasites and toxic substances. In this cross-sectional study was carried out for tested some of Iraqi drinking water parameters for detect if a present correlation between of combined chlorine (in active chlorine) and thermotolerant (faecal) coliforms the indicator bacteria in drinking water of some neighbourhoods in Al-Najaf city, according to recommendations by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Iraqi water parameters in assessment of drinking water quality

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Barakat, Assem, Mohammad Shahidul Islam, M. Ali, et al. "Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of a New Series of Spirooxindole Pyrrolidine Grafted Thiochromene Scaffolds as Potential Anticancer Agents." Symmetry 13, no. 8 (2021): 1426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13081426.

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A series of new spiro-heterocycles engrafted spirooxindole/pyrrolidine/thiochromene scaffolds was synthesized by the three-component 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions in a fully controlled regio- and stereo-selective fashion. Condensation of several substituted isatin derivatives with L-proline generated the azomethine ylides which subsequently reacted with chalcones based thiochromene scaffold, and finally afforded the target spiro-compounds. This simple protocol furnished a structurally complex, biologically relevant spiro-heterocycles in good yields through a one-pot process. All synthesi

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Krasnov, Victor P., Vera V. Musiyak, Galina L. Levit, et al. "Synthesis of Pyrimidine Conjugates with 4-(6-Amino-hexanoyl)-7,8-difluoro-3,4-dihydro-3-methyl-2H-[1,4]benzoxazine and Evaluation of Their Antiviral Activity." Molecules 27, no. 13 (2022): 4236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27134236.

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A series of pyrimidine conjugates containing a fragment of racemic 7,8-difluoro-3,4-dihydro-3-methyl-2H-[1,4]benzoxazine and its (S)-enantiomer attached via a 6-aminohexanoyl fragment were synthesized by the reaction of nucleophilic substitution of chlorine in various chloropyrimidines. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H, 19F, and 13C NMR spectral data. Enantiomeric purity of optically active derivatives was confirmed by chiral HPLC. Antiviral evaluation of the synthesized compounds has shown that the replacement of purine with a pyrimidine fragment leads to a dec

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Active chlorine compound"

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Hammoud, Abdelhay. "Syntheses de pheromones et de molecules isosteres de pheromones d'insectes pour preciser les mecanismes moleculaires de la reconnaissance des signaux chimiques au niveau des recepteurs antennaires." Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066679.

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Mdhlovu, Johan. "Optimisation of water-in-oil microemulsion formulation stabilised by nonylphenol ethoxylated phosphate ester." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03062006-093400.

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Teesdale-Spittle, P. H., Klaus Pors, R. Brown, Laurence H. Patterson, and J. A. Plumb. "Development of nonsymmetrical 1,4-disubstituted anthraquinones that are potently active against cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/3191.

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No<br>A novel series of 1,4-disubstituted aminoanthraquinones were prepared by ipso-displacement of 1,4-difluoro-5,8-dihydroxyanthraquinones by hydroxylated piperidinyl- or pyrrolidinylalkyl-amino side chains. One aminoanthraquinone (13) was further derivatized to a chloropropyl-amino analogue by treatment with triphenylphosphine-carbon tetrachloride. The compounds were evaluated in the A2780 ovarian cancer cell line and its cisplatin-resistant variants (A2780/ cp70 and A2780/MCP1). The novel anthraquinones were shown to possess up to 5-fold increased potency against the cisplatin-resistant ce

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Book chapters on the topic "Active chlorine compound"

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Pardasani, R. T., and P. Pardasani. "Magnetic properties of nickel(II) chloride complex with tetradentate redox-active Schiff-base." In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54234-7_143.

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Tiwari, Nikita, Dinesh Kumar Mishra, and Anil Mishra. "Computational Aspects of Organochlorine Compounds: DFT Study and Molecular Docking Calculations." In Computational Toxicology for Drug Safety and a Sustainable Environment. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815196986123010009.

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The paper and pulp industry generates enormous amounts of wastewater containing high quantities of chlorinated toxicants. These volatile organochlorine compounds are widespread toxic chemicals that may cause harmful effects on humans via interaction with human α-amino-β-carboxymuconate-ε-semialdehyde decarboxylase (hACMSD) which is a vital enzyme of the kynurenine pathway in tryptophan metabolism. It averts the accumulation of quinolinic acid (QA) and supports the maintenance of the basal Trp-niacin ratio. Herein, we report the optimization of organochlorine compounds employing density functio

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Zwanenburg, B. "α-Oxo Sulfines from Active Methylene Compounds and Thionyl Chloride." In Heteroatom Analogues of Aldehydes and Ketones. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-027-00157.

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"Preservatives." In Food, 7th ed. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781837670369-00338.

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This chapter covers the role of antimicrobials in food preservation. Modes of action against bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi are all considered, along with legislation and toxicity issues. The topics covered include: preservatives such as salt (sodium chloride); nitrites (with salt) in pickling (curing) ham and bacon; the toxicity, formation and reduction of nitrosamines; beer; and smoke. Antibacterial compounds and flavour contributions are included. The role of irradiation, free radical generation and fatty acid breakdown conclude the chapter.

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Tang, R. Y. "22.1.7.2 Thioamides (Update 2024)." In Knowledge Updates 2024/1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-122-00021.

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Abstract This is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution describing methods for the synthesis of thioamides, with a focus on the literature published in the period 2005-2022. In this time, a number of new synthetic methods for the preparation of thioamides have been developed. A variety of substrates, including amides, aldehydes, ketones, nitriles, carboxylic acids, thiocarboxylic acids, β-oxo carboxylic acids, alkynes, alkenes, oximes, benzylamines, benzylic alcohols, benzylic thiols, benzyl disulfides, active methylene compounds, and isothiocyanates have been applied in th

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Huang, J., and D. Ma. "1.1 Modern Ullmann-Type Couplings." In Base-Metal Catalysis 1. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-238-00002.

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AbstractLigand-promoted, copper-catalyzed, Ullmann-type couplings of aryl halides (I, Br, Cl) with various nucleophiles, including amines, hetarenes, amides, hydrazines, alcohols, phenols, thiols, sulfinates, and active methylene compounds, are reviewed in this chapter. Considerable attention has been paid to demonstrate the powerful acceleration effect of second-generation oxalic amides as ligands in modern Ullmann-type couplings. Under these catalyst systems, less-reactive but inexpensive (het)aryl chlorides can be employed as coupling partners. Moreover, the catalyst loading for coupling of

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Sammakia, T., J. A. Abramite, and M. F. Sammons. "By the Action of Calcium Chloride as a Desiccant." In Ene-X Compounds (X=S, Se, Te, N, P). Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-033-00523.

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Stephenson, F. Anne, and Michael J. Duggan. "Molecular approaches to the structure and function of the GABAA receptors." In Molecular Neurobiology. Oxford University PressOxford, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199631087.003.0009.

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Abstract The GABAergic system is ubiquitous in the mammalian brain. It is estimated that GABA may function at up to 50% of the synapses and thus it is involved in the central regulation of multiple physiological processes. The GABAa receptors are the most abundant mediators of GABAergic neurotransmission. They are GABA-gated chloride ion channels and they are now known to be members of the ligand-gated ion channel super-family. In addition, the GABAa receptors are the site of action for several classes of centrally-acting drugs which include the benzodiazepines, the barbiturates, some steroids

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Sammakia, T., J. A. Abramite, and M. F. Sammons. "By the Action of Titanium(IV) Chloride as a Promoter." In Ene-X Compounds (X=S, Se, Te, N, P). Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/sos-sd-033-00524.

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Sa\'ad ZA Kader, Al-Mashaikie. "Abnormal Ophiolite (Olivine/Pyroxene Rich) Sandstone NE Iraq: An Approach to the Origin and Tectonosedimentary Evolution of Zagros Foreland Basin." In New Insights in Sedimentary Rocks [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108333.

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Unusual Paleocene ophiolite sandstone rich in olivine/pyroxene identified in Zagros Thrust Belt (NZTB) in NE Iraq. NZTB is regionally extended from Iran to Alpen Belt. Kolosh sandstones are controlled by progressive thrusting during late Cretaceous-Paleocene. Zagros thrust sheets composed of ophiolites, oceanic crust, basaltic flows, and ash sequences. Kolosh sandstones reveal high percentages of fresh olivine-pyroxene grains accompanied by igneous intrusive and volcanic ultrabasic-basic fragments, which are reported for the first time in NE Iraq and along ZTB. Olivine, pyroxene, ultrabasic ig

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Conference papers on the topic "Active chlorine compound"

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Talus, Annika, Rikard Norling, and Alice Moya Núñez. "Influence of Pb and Cl in Waste Wood Fuel on Furnace Wall Corrosion of Low Alloyed Steel and Alloy 625." In CONFERENCE 2024. AMPP, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2024-21033.

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Abstract Firing waste wood in thermal power plants can lead to furnace wall corrosion due to corrosive elements such as chlorine, heavy metals, and alkali metals present in the fuel. This study investigates the influence of lead and chlorine on furnace wall corrosion of a low alloyed steel (16Mo3) and a nickel-based alloy (Alloy 625) during two field exposures using an air-cooled probe. Two two-week long test campaigns firing two different waste wood fuels (higher and lower lead and chlorine content) were carried out, exposing samples having metal temperatures in the interval 350-400 °C. The c

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DeBerry, David W., and Alfred Viehbeck. "Inhibition of Pitting Corrosion of Type 304L Stainless Steel by Surface Active Compounds." In CORROSION 1986. NACE International, 1986. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1986-86196.

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Abstract A series of compounds having the N-acylamino acid or a related structure were investigated for the inhibition of localized corrosion of AISI Type 304L stainless steel. The effects of the inhibitor concentration on the breakdown potential and solution surface tension were determined using a buffered (pH 5.2) chloride solution. Interaction of the inhibitor with the electrode surface was studied as a function of potential using capacitance measurements. These surface active agents interact strongly with the 304L surface, probably through multiple attachment to the surface atoms. Evidence

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Chimin, Roberta Q. F., Eustaquio V. R. de Castro, Tamires A. Lima, Alexandre O. Gomes, Flora G. Machado, and Regina C. L. Guimaräes. "Developing Methodology to Study the Evolution of Chlorides in a Manual Oil Distillation Unit." In CORROSION 2014. NACE International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2014-4116.

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Abstract During oil refining, the equipment is constantly exposed to the action of compounds such as salts, organic and inorganic acids, sulfides, and carbonates among others, which lead to decrease in equipment service life. The presence of salts in oil poses many challenges, taking into account that corrosion problems in refining environments are very common. The oil exploration in new fields in Brazil and the growing search for productivity and the efficiency of refining processes increasingly demand more strategies to monitor the processes and minimize operational costs. This study aims at

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Bockris, John O'm, and Bo Yang. "Adsorption and Corrosion Inhibition of Acetylenic Alcohols and Some Related Compounds on Iron in Acid Solutions: a Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Study." In CORROSION 1989. NACE International, 1989. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1989-89626.

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Abstract The adsorption process of 1-octyn-3-ol, 1-propyn-3-ol, 1-butyn-3-ol, 1-hexyn-3-ol, 1-phenyl-2-propyn-1-ol, 3-methyl-1-penten-4-yn-3-ol, 1,5-hexadien-3-ol and 3-hexanol on iron electrode in acid solutions (H2SO4 and HC1) have been examined by time-resolved in-situ automatic ellipsometry. The time, concentration and potential dependencies of the adsorption, the subsequent structure transition and polymer growth of the adsorbed layers formed by these compounds on iron were determined. In-situ multiple wavelength ellipsometry in the visible region, XPS and ex-situ FTIR reflection-absorpti

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Wang, Buqian, and Kevin Luer. "Erosion-Corrosion of Cooled Thermal Sprayed Coatings Impacted by Mixtures of Quartz and Chemically Active Compounds." In CORROSION 1996. NACE International, 1996. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1996-96170.

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Abstract A series of erosion-corrosion tests was carried out on AISI 1018 steel and four thermal sprayed coatings using a nozzle type elevated temperature erosion tester. The erodent particles were mechanical mixtures of SiO2 (quartz) with 1-4% NaCl or 1-4% KCl. The specimens were water-cooled on the backside. Test conditions attempted to simulate erosion-corrosion (E-C) conditions at the tubes in the convection pass of FBC boilers. The effect of Cl-bearing salt/quartz mixtures on the E-C wastage mechanisms of these materials were investigated. It was found that the E-C wastage of 1018 steel a

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Al-Hashem, A., J. Carew, and M. Salman. "Control of Microbially Influenced Corrosion in an Effluent Water Injection System in West Kuwait." In CORROSION 1998. NACE International, 1998. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1998-98293.

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Abstract A biocide evaluation program was undertaken to evaluate the relative risks of microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) in a produced effluent water system for West Kuwait Oil Fields, using a combination of field sampling and laboratory biofouling tests. Bacteria isolated from the field water surveys were used to evaluate remedial treatments such as chlorine, chemical biocides and mechanical removed. Recirculating biofouling loops were set up with the effluent water, and inoculated with the bacteria from the system so that an active biofilm was formed on small steel studs. These biofoule

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DeBerry, David W. "Organic Inhibitors for Pitting Corrosion." In CORROSION 1989. NACE International, 1989. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1989-89447.

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Abstract This paper presents selected examples of mechanistic studies for the inhibition of localized corrosion by organic compounds. Stainless steels are emphasized as model materials for the study of pitting corrosion Certain organic inhibitors appear to operate both by exclusion of chloride from the surface by formation of a strongly adsorbed bimolecular layer and by a local pH buffering action to prevent the buildup of highly localized surface acidity. These mechanisms of inhibition could offer insights into the pitting process itself. The interaction between NLS and divalent cations may e

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Thomas, Brian, and D. C. Agarwal. "Successful Replacement of Alloy 30, UNS N06030 with Alloy 31, UNS N08031 at a Phosphoric Acid Plant." In CORROSION 2007. NACE International, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2007-07216.

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Abstract In the fertilizer industry, phosphoric acid, ammonia and their derivatives along with potassium compounds are the major fertilizers providing the necessary soil nutrients for the agricultural industry. Ammonia, superphosphates, phosphoric acid and potassium chloride become the building blocks of the fertilizer industry and from these basic materials, hundreds of different formulations are produced to fit the individual soil and crop needs such as DAP (di-ammonium phosphate) and MAP (mono-ammonium phosphate) and others. More than 95% of the world's phosphoric acid production is by the

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Yang, Zhen, Yefei Wang, Fengtao Zhan, et al. "Investigation of High-efficient Acidizing Inhibitors: Structure and Anti-corrosion Performance of Novel Indolizine Derivatives." In CORROSION 2019. NACE International, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2019-12744.

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Abstract The novel indolizine derivative inhibitor for acidizing shows an effective corrosion inhibition without the synergism of propargyl alcohol. The inhibitive indolizine derivatives were generated from BQC (Benzyl Quinolinium Chloride, a commonly used key compound in acidizing inhibitor) via a moderate 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition mechanism. High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) and NMR were used to confirm the detailed chemical structure. The inhibition of two indolizine derivatives in 15 wt.% HCl for N80 steel were studied by weight loss measurement and electrochemical analysis. Without

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Carpén, Leena, Tero Hakkarainen, Laura Raaska, et al. "Simulation of MIC at Splash Zone Areas of the Paper Industry." In CORROSION 2001. NACE International, 2001. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2001-01245.

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Abstract The biofilm formation and electrochemical behavior of stainless steels were studied in environments simulating the splash zone areas of paper machines. A novel glass dome arrangement for laboratory tests was used. As a test environment simulated white water using mixed communities with SRBs and aerobic bacteria was applied. The potentials were recorded and anodic polarization curves were determined. The biofilms formed were analyzed by microbial cultivation and microscopic examination. Biofilm population was characterized using in-situ hybridization. The sulfur compounds, oxalate as w

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