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Journal articles on the topic 'Active Cholesterics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 September 2023

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1

A, Fechan, Semenova J, Batbayarin D, and Batbayarin O. "The Contrast of Cholesteric-Nematic Transition in Indused Cholesterics." Физик сэтгүүл 6, no. 147 (2022): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22353/physics.v6i147.823.

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2

Cui, Zhenlu, Xiaoming Zeng, and Jianbing Su. "Steady States of Sheared Active Nematics." Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 6, no. 01 (2014): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4208/aamm.12-m12109.

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AbstractA continuum hydrodynamic model has been used to characterize flowing active nematics. The behavior of such a system subjected to a weak steady shear is analyzed. We explore the director structures and flow behaviors of the system in flow-aligning and flow tumbling regimes. Combining asymptotic analysis and numerical simulations, we extend previous studies to give a complete characterization of the steady states for both contractile and extensile particles in flow-aligning and flow-tumbling regimes. Another key prediction of this work is the role of the system size on the steady states of an active nematic system: if the system size is small, the velocity and the director angle files for both flow-tumbling contractile and extensile systems are similar to those of passive nematics; if the system is big, the velocity and the director angle files for flow-aligning contractile systems and tumbling extensile systems are akin to sheared passive cholesterics while they are oscillatory for flow-aligning extensile and tumbling contractile systems.

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3

Carenza, Livio Nicola, Giuseppe Gonnella, Davide Marenduzzo, and Giuseppe Negro. "Rotation and propulsion in 3D active chiral droplets." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 44 (2019): 22065–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1910909116.

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Chirality is a recurrent theme in the study of biological systems, in which active processes are driven by the internal conversion of chemical energy into work. Bacterial flagella, actomyosin filaments, and microtubule bundles are active systems that are also intrinsically chiral. Despite some exploratory attempt to capture the relations between chirality and motility, many features of intrinsically chiral systems still need to be explored and explained. To address this gap in knowledge, here we study the effects of internal active forces and torques on a 3-dimensional (3D) droplet of cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) embedded in an isotropic liquid. We consider tangential anchoring of the liquid crystal director at the droplet surface. Contrary to what happens in nematics, where moderate extensile activity leads to droplet rotation, cholesteric active droplets exhibit more complex and variegated behaviors. We find that extensile force dipole activity stabilizes complex defect configurations, in which orbiting dynamics couples to thermodynamic chirality to propel screw-like droplet motion. Instead, dipolar torque activity may either tighten or unwind the cholesteric helix and if tuned, can power rotations with an oscillatory angular velocity of 0 mean.

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4

Tseng, Heng-Yi, Li-Min Chang, Kuan-Wu Lin, et al. "Smart Window with Active-Passive Hybrid Control." Materials 13, no. 18 (2020): 4137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13184137.

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Dimming and scattering control are two of the major features of smart windows, which provide adjustable sunlight intensity and protect the privacy of people in a building. A hybrid photo- and electrical-controllable smart window that exploits salt and photochromic dichroic dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal was developed. The photochromic dichroic dye causes a change in transmittance from high to low upon exposure to sunlight. When the light source is removed, the smart window returns from colored to colorless. The salt-doped cholesteric liquid crystal can be bi-stably switched from transparent into the scattering state by a low-frequency voltage pulse and switched back to its transparent state by a high-frequency voltage pulse. In its operating mode, an LC smart window can be passively dimmed by sunlight and the haze can be actively controlled by applying an electrical field to it; it therefore exhibits four optical states—transparent, scattering, dark clear, and dark opaque. Each state is stable in the absence of an applied voltage. This smart window can automatically dim when the sunlight gets stronger, and according to user needs, actively adjust the haze to achieve privacy protection.

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5

Zhang, Yan-Song, Shun-An Jiang, Jia-De Lin, and Chia-Rong Lee. "Bio-inspired design of active photo-mechano-chemically dual-responsive photonic film based on cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 16 (2020): 5517–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tc05758g.

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6

Liu, Kerui, Yihao Shen, Xiaojing Li, Yu Zhang, Yiwu Quan, and Yixiang Cheng. "Strong CPL of achiral liquid crystal fluorescent polymer via the regulation of AIE-active chiral dopant." Chemical Communications 56, no. 84 (2020): 12829–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cc05523a.

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7

Vulugundam, Gururaja, Krishan Kumar, Paturu Kondaiah, and Santanu Bhattacharya. "Efficacious redox-responsive gene delivery in serum by ferrocenylated monomeric and dimeric cationic cholesterols." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 13, no. 14 (2015): 4310–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ob02513j.

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8

Chen, Lu-Jian, Ling-Li Gong, Ya-Li Lin, et al. "Microfluidic fabrication of cholesteric liquid crystal core–shell structures toward magnetically transportable microlasers." Lab on a Chip 16, no. 7 (2016): 1206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6lc00070c.

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We report a magnetically transportable microlaser with cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) core–shell structure, operating in band-edge mode, which might offer promise in in-channel illumination applications requiring active control.

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9

Huang, D., J. Yang, W. Wan, et al. "Cholesteric Metallomesogens Containing Optically Active Metal-Tricarbony Moieties." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 281, no. 1 (1996): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10587259608042230.

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10

WANG, Hui, Yang XUE, Yanni LIU, et al. "P‐75: Development of Medium and Large Size Active Bistable State Dual&Four Color Cholesteric LCDs ^†." SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 54, no. 1 (2023): 1510–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sdtp.16877.

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Compared with cholesteric display technology, which is mainly a passive driver under 5inch, this paper report one 7.5inch actively driven bistable display device. We use cyan cholesteric liquid crystal reflecting 528nm light and red ink to achieve red & white dual color display. In order to enrich the display information, one red (660nm) cell and one cyan (528nm) cell are fitted with pixel precision, and black ink is printed on the bottom, control the status of the two cells respectively, so as to achieve red, cyan, black, and white four color display. In addition, we optimized drive mode, and update traditional two‐stage drive to three‐stage drive, which improved the stability of the LCD FC state and the image quality of the display device, especially at high and low temperatures. In this paper, red&white dual color and four color display technologies are the first in the LCD industry.

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11

Yevdokimov, Yuri, Sergey Skuridin, Viktor Salyanov, Sergey Semenov, and Efim Kats. "Liquid-Crystalline Dispersions of Double-Stranded DNA." Crystals 9, no. 3 (2019): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst9030162.

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In this review, we compare the circular dichroism (CD) spectra of liquid-crystalline dispersion (LCD) particles formed in PEG-containing aqueous-salt solutions with the purpose of determining the packing of ds DNA molecules in these particles. Depending on the osmotic pressure of the solution, the phase exclusion of ds DNA molecules at room temperature results in the formation of LCD particles with the cholesteric or the hexagonal packing of molecules. The heating of dispersion particles with the hexagonal packing of the ds DNA molecules results in a new phase transition, accompanied by an appearance of a new optically active phase of ds DNA molecules. Our results are rationalized by way of a concept of orientationally ordered “quasinematic” layers formed by ds DNA molecules, with a parallel alignment in the hexagonal structure. These layers can adopt a twisted configuration with a temperature increase; and as a result of this process, a new, helicoidal structure of dispersion particle is formed (termed as the “re-entrant” cholesteric phase). To prove the cholesteric pattern of ds DNA molecules in this phase, the “liquid-like” state of the dispersion particles was transformed into its “rigid” counterpart.

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12

Heppke, G., D. Lötzsch, and F. Oestreicher. "Esters of (S)-1,2-propanediol and (R,R)-2,3-butanediol — Chiral Compounds Inducing Cholesteric Phases with a Helix Inversion ·." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 42, no. 3 (1987): 279–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1987-0313.

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Mesogenic chiral esters of optically active (S)-1,2-propanediol and (R,R)-2,3-butanediol were synthesized. The compounds, added to a nematic phase induce cholesteric phases exhibiting a helix inversion with temperature variation. This effect is independent of the molecular structure of the nematic solvent. The inversion temperature varies only slightly with concentration but can be influenced by the mesogenic substituent.

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13

Sushynskyi, Orest, Roman Petrina, Zaoriana Gubriy, Semen Khomyak, Zinoviy Mykytyuk, and Volodymyr Novikov. "OPTICAL SENSOR OF FLAVONOIDS BASED ON LIQUID CRYSTAL." Informatyka Automatyka Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska 9, no. 1 (2019): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.0934.

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In order to solve the problems associated with the express registration of the presence of biologically active substances in callus biomass, we propose the use of cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) with a spiral structure as a material of a sensitive element of optical sensor of flavonoids. Cholesteric liquid crystal BLO62 is proposed to use as a sensitive element. Spectral characteristics of alcohol solutions of flavonoids (20%, 40%, 70% and 90%) were obtained. The interaction of CLC with quercetin was analyzed. The scheme of the primary information signal converter is developed in which the current from the photodetector is transmitted to the developed signal converter. The device is implemented with the common use Atmega 328 microcontroller manufactured by Atmel. Speciality of this structural scheme is its flexibility and versatility, which makes it easy to reconfigure the parameters of the firmware for the registration of various types of investigated mediums.

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14

Schütz, Christina, Johanna R. Bruckner, Camila Honorato-Rios, Zornitza Tosheva, Manos Anyfantakis, and Jan P. F. Lagerwall. "From Equilibrium Liquid Crystal Formation and Kinetic Arrest to Photonic Bandgap Films Using Suspensions of Cellulose Nanocrystals." Crystals 10, no. 3 (2020): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10030199.

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The lyotropic cholesteric liquid crystal phase developed by suspensions of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) has come increasingly into focus from numerous directions over the last few years. In part, this is because CNC suspensions are sustainably produced aqueous suspensions of a fully bio-derived nanomaterial with attractive properties. Equally important is the interesting and useful behavior exhibited by solid CNC films, created by drying a cholesteric-forming suspension. However, the pathway along which these films are realized, starting from a CNC suspension that may have low enough concentration to be fully isotropic, is more complex than often appreciated, leading to reproducibility problems and confusion. Addressing a broad audience of physicists, chemists, materials scientists and engineers, this Review focuses primarily on the physics and physical chemistry of CNC suspensions and the process of drying them. The ambition is to explain rather than to repeat, hence we spend more time than usual on the meanings and relevance of the key colloid and liquid crystal science concepts that must be mastered in order to understand the behavior of CNC suspensions, and we present some interesting analyses, arguments and data for the first time. We go through the development of cholesteric nuclei (tactoids) from the isotropic phase and their potential impact on the final dry films; the spontaneous CNC fractionation that takes place in the phase coexistence window; the kinetic arrest that sets in when the CNC mass fraction reaches ∼10 wt.%, preserving the cholesteric helical order until the film has dried; the ’coffee-ring effect’ active prior to kinetic arrest, often ruining the uniformity in the produced films; and the compression of the helix during the final water evaporation, giving rise to visible structural color in the films.

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15

Togashi, Fumihiro, Reina Ohta, and Hiromasa Goto. "Cholesteric medium inductive asymmetric polymerization: preparation of optically active polythiophene derivatives from achiral monomers in cholesteric liquid crystals." Tetrahedron Letters 48, no. 14 (2007): 2559–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.02.025.

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16

Chanishvili, A., N. Ponjavidze, G. Petriashvili, et al. "Photo-Induced Holographic Recording in an Optically Active Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Layer." Optical Data Processing and Storage 4, no. 1 (2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/odps-2018-0001.

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Abstract A few microns thick layer of an optically active cholesteric liquid crystal is realized by using a photoisomerizable nematic component and a chiral dopant. It is shown that such a photosensitive optically active medium can be used as a holographic material for optical information and dynamic grating recording. The photo-induced gratings are written by exploiting the light-induced photoisomerization phase transition from an optically active chiral liquid crystal to an isotropic liquid, which results in the rotation of the light polarization plane from 90 to 0 degrees and corresponding to maximum, respectively, zero transmittance. The results highlight applications in the field of optical storage by the recording of static gratings, as well as in the feld of nonlinear beam-coupling via the holographic writing of dynamic gratings

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17

Kumar, Rishi, and K. K. Raina. "Electrically modulated fluorescence in optically active polymer stabilised cholesteric liquid crystal shutter." Liquid Crystals 41, no. 2 (2013): 228–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678292.2013.851287.

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18

Vistak, Maria, Taras Prystay, Vasyl Petryshak, Orest Sushynskyi, and Zinoviy Mikityuk. "Dynamic characteristics of nanocomposite on the basis of porous Al2O3 doped by liquid crystal with magnetite under carbon monoxide influence." Photonics Letters of Poland 8, no. 4 (2016): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.2016.4.10.

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In this paper dynamics characteristics of nanocomposite on the basis of cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) with magnetite dopant introduced into porous structures are studied. We studied the behavior of spectral characteristics of transmittance of CLC2103L with Fe3O4 introduced in porous structures of Al2O3 under carbon monoxide influence. The diameter pores of Al2O3 is 20 nm, 35 nm and 50 nm, and CO concentration is in the range of 0-100 mg/m3. Interaction of investigated nanocomposite is the most intensive in the first minutes of CO influence. Further increase of interaction time does not lead to changes in the structure of the CLC. Full Text: PDF ReferencesS. Youssef, J. Podlecki, R. Habchi, M. Brouche, A. Foucarana, D. Bouvier, N. Brillouet, P. Coudray, "Innovative prototype of a zinc-oxide based optical gas sensor", Sens. and Act. B. 173, 391 (2012). CrossRef N.Yamazoe, G. Sakai, K. Shimanoe, "Oxide Semiconductor Gas Sensors", Catalysis Surveys from Asia 7, 63 (2003). CrossRef B. W. Kooa, C. K. Songa, C. Kimb, "CO gas sensor based on a conducting dendrimer", Sens. and Act. B 77. 432 (2001). CrossRef O. Sushynskyi, M. Vistak, Z. Gotra, A. Fechan, Z. Mikityuk, "Silicon dioxide nanoporous structure with liquid crystal for optical sensors", Proc. SPIE 9127, 91271F (2014). CrossRef A. Andrushchak, Z. Hotra, Z. Mykytyuk, M. Vistak, T. Prystay, O. Sushynskyi, "Nanostructures on the Basis of Porous Alumina with Intercalated with Cholesteric Liquid Crystal", Mol. Cryst. and Liq. Cryst. 611, 132 (2015). CrossRef O. Aksimentyeva, Z. Mykytyuk, A. Fechan, B.Tsizh, O. Sushynskyi, "Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Doped by Nanosize Magnetite as an Active Medium of Optical Gas Sensor", Mol. Cryst. and Liq. Cryst. 589, 83 (2014). CrossRef M. Vistak, O. Sushynsky, Z. Mykytyuk, O. Aksimentyeva, Y. Semenova, "Sensing of carbon monoxide with porous Al2O3 intercalated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles-doped liquid crystal", Sens. and Act. A: Physical. 235, 165 (2015). CrossRef

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19

Heise, H. M., and D. Kolev. "Fourier Deconvolution of Infrared Rotatory Dispersion Spectra of Induced Cholesteric Phases." Applied Spectroscopy 42, no. 5 (1988): 878–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702884429067.

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Infrared rotatory dispersion (IRD) spectra of induced cholesteric phases resulting from solutions with liquid crystals as solvent can be used in the investigation of optically active compounds. The resolution enhancement for the so-called A-Cotton effects at the absorption bands of the originally nematic solvent by Fourier deconvolution is studied for these IRD spectra. The theoretical basis of the algorithm is discussed, and some limits are evaluated with simulated spectra. An experimental example is provided and compared with resolution enhancement by second derivatives. The application can be extended to other fields with dispersion-like spectra.

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20

Zola, Rafael S., Young-Cheol Yang, Deng-Ke Yang, et al. "P-154: Natural Chiral Dopant D-Limonene for Active Matrix Bistable Cholesteric Displays." SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 42, no. 1 (2011): 1684–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1889/1.3621204.

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21

Zola, Rafael S., Young-Cheol Yang, Deng-Ke Yang, et al. "30.1: A New Drive Scheme for Cholesteric Reflective Displays Under Active Matrix Addressing." SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 42, no. 1 (2011): 392–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1889/1.3621333.

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22

Miyashita, Ryo, Kazuki Yanagida, and Hiromasa Goto. "(Digital Presentation) Electrochemical Polymerization of Thiophene in Cholesteric Liquid Crystal with Vitamins." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 15 (2022): 2483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01152483mtgabs.

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Vitamins are natural compounds which is important for biological reactions. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a water-soluble substance, while Vitamin E (tocopherol) is a soluble material in organic solvents. Further, antioxidant action can affect for metabolism in biological system. Vitamin E has three asymmetric centers in the molecular structure. In the liquid crystal technology, nematic liquid crystal is simple and high fluidity similar to isotopic liquid. Addition of small amount of chiral compounds to nematic liquid crystal can induce cholesteric liquid crystal. This is another chiral and helical version of nematic liquid crystal. In this study, we employed vitamin E as a chiral inducer to nematic liquid crystal for formation of helical liquid crystal system. Electrochemical polymerization is a convenient method for preparation of electroactive polymer deposited on an electrode in the form of thin film. Electrochemical polymerization in LC provides some interesting phenomena. First, electrochemical polymerization in liquid crystal allows the resultant to imprint morphology of molecular aggregation structure from molecular level to macroscopic level of liquid crystal. Second, electrochemical polymerization produces electroactive polymer with dynamically color change upon electrochemical redox process, which character can be applied for electrochemical driven display. Third, electrochemical charge and discharge provides voltaic storage function for the resultant polymer. Thus, electrochemical technique and polymer chemistry, such a brilliant combination produces electro-optic character. Recently, electrochemical polymerization in helical liquid crystal system has been performed. The electrochemical polymerization employs cholesteric liquid crystal as an electrolyte for polymerization. Cholesteric liquid crystal can be prepared by mix of nematic liquid crystal and chiral compounds. We employ synthetic compound as a chiral inducer. Here, we use vitamin E as chiral inducer to nematic liquid crystal preparation of cholesteric liquid crystal electrolyte solution for electrochemical polymerization. Observation of optical texture of the cholesteric liquid crystal electrolyte containing tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAP) as a supporting salt showed fingerprint texture, which is characteristic of cholesteric liquid crystal. Next, electrochemical polymerization in cholesteric liquid crystal induced by vitamin E was carried out. We employed constant voltage electrochemical polymerization to ITO (indium–tin-oxide) coated glass slides were sandwiched via insulator tetrafluoroethylene as a spacer, and the choleretic liquid crystal electrolyte contained monomer (2,2′-bithiophene) was charged with pipette before application of voltage for electrochemical polymerization. The entire polymerization cell was heated to change the liquid crystal to isotropic phase. Then, gradually cooled to room temperature, and the isotopic phase was changed to cholesteric liquid crystal phase with iridescence. After confirming the electrolyte showed liquid crystal phase, constant voltage of 6 V across the sandwiched cell for 60 min was applied. Then, the polymerization cell was de-assembled and washed wish a large volume of organic solvent to remove the liquid crystal electrolyte solution, oligomer, and residual monomer. The polymer film thus prepared was deposited on cathode. This is quite interesting phenomena because electrochemical polymerization is generally occurred at the anode with oxidation. However, this result indicates that electrochemical polymerization in liquid crystal at cathode is possible. Cathodic electrochemical polymerization has been reported for dibromo aromatic compound or unsaturated aliphatic compounds. However, cathodic electrochemical polymerization of aromatic compounds with no halogen group has been few reported. The polymer shows electronic optical transition in visible range due to development of p-conjugated system and absorption at long wave lengths due to doping band accompany by generation on polaron (radical cation). The electrochemical character of the resultant polymer was examined using cyclic voltammetry (CV). The CV measurements were achieved in a monomer-free 0.1-M TBAP−acetonitrile solution at the scan rates of 10 mVs−1. The potential was calculated using a reference of silver/silver ion (Ag/Ag+) electrode. The oxidation and reduction signals are observed during the oxidation and reduction processes. The result showed the resultant polymer has good redox property. The resultant polymer shows no CD signal from short to long wavelengths, indicating no optical activity. However, the polymer shows the similar optical texture to that of liquid crystal electrolyte under the polarizing optical microscopy observations, implying the fingerprint texture of the polymer as macroscopic transcription of the liquid crystal structure may not contribute optical active property. Transcription from liquid crystal environment may not always occurs from molecular level to macroscopic level in the polymerization in liquid crystal. The polymer prepared in this study has no hierarchal structure from molecular level to the higher level, indicating macroscopic morphological imprinting in the polymerization is not essential condition for imprinting from the molecular level.

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23

Lee, J. C., J. H. Kelly, D. L. Smith, and S. D. Jacobs. "Gain squaring in a Cr:Nd:GSGG active-mirror amplifier using a cholesteric liquid crystal mirror." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 24, no. 11 (1988): 2238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3.8566.

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24

Chien-Hua, Chen, Lin Ji-Nian, and Su Chun-Wei. "P-133: Implementation of Colorful Active-Matrix TFT Transparent Display by Cholesteric Liquid Crystal." SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 45, no. 1 (2014): 1489–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2168-0159.2014.tb00395.x.

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25

Aksimentyeva, Olena, Zenoviy Mykytyuk, Andrij Fechan, Orest Sushynskyy, and Bohdan Tsizh. "Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Doped by Nanosize Magnetite as an Active Medium of Optical Gas Sensor." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 589, no. 1 (2014): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15421406.2013.872354.

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26

Yokoyama, Yasushi, and Toshiya Sagisaka. "Reversible Control of Pitch of Induced Cholesteric Liquid Crystal by Optically Active Photochromic Fulgide Derivatives." Chemistry Letters 26, no. 8 (1997): 687–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.1997.687.

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27

Goto, Hiromasa. "Electrochiroptical Effect of an Optically Active Polybithiophene Prepared by Electrochemical Polymerization in a Cholesteric Electrolyte." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 154, no. 4 (2007): E63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2436608.

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28

Liu, Zhi Ming, Yuan Lin An, and Wen Jian Wu. "Novel Bionic Biomembrane Supported by Gold Nanoparticles/Cellulose Hybrid Films." Advances in Science and Technology 84 (September 2012): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.84.13.

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As one of the main methods to study biomembranes, the construction of highly active bionic biomembrane systems is very important. Based on the hybrid film of gold nanoparticles and cellulose, a novel system of bionic biomembrane is demonstrated. The ratio effects of lecithin to cholesterin on the stability of bilayer lipid membranes are studied. Lipid solutions that can form stable membranes in the air and in some aqueous solutions are prepared. The bionic biomembranes composed of bilayer lipid membranes and hybrid films of gold nanoparticles and cellulose can be sustained for a long period in aqueous solutions. The bionic biomembranes also exhibit some interesting electrochemical properties.

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29

Mykytyuk, Z. M., M. V. Vistak, I. T. Kogut, and V. V. Petryshak. "Higly sensitive active medium of sensor NO2 , based on cholesteric nematic mixture with impurities of carbon nanotubes." Physics and Chemistry of Solid State 22, no. 3 (2021): 426–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/pcss.22.3.426-431.

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The paper presents the results of the study of the parameters of the highly sensitive active medium of the NO2 sensor based on a cholesterol-nematic mixture with an admixture of carbon nanotubes. The dependence of the change in the wavelength of the two transmission minima on the NO2 concentration for cholesterol-nematic mixture with single-walled, double-walled and multi-walled nanotubes at different concentrations of nanotubes and two concentrations of nematically liquid crystal 5CB were obtained. It is established that by changing the ratio between the concentrations of nanotubes and nematic liquid crystals, it is possible to obtain mixtures that have the maximum spectral sensitivity coefficient in a given range of gas concentration.

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30

Jeong, Mi-Yun, and Keumcheol Kwak. "Active thermal fine laser tuning in a broad spectral range and optical properties of cholesteric liquid crystal." Applied Optics 55, no. 33 (2016): 9378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.55.009378.

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31

Zhang, Mingbao, and Gary B. Schuster. "Photoracemization of optically active 1,1'-binaphthyl derivatives: light-initiated conversion of cholesteric to compensated nematic liquid crystals." Journal of Physical Chemistry 96, no. 7 (1992): 3063–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100186a053.

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32

Singh, Upindranath, Fredrick Davis, Saeed Mohan, and Geoffrey Mitchell. "Electro-active nanofibres electrospun from blends of poly-vinyl cinnamate and a cholesteric liquid crystalline silicone polymer." Journal of Materials Science 48, no. 21 (2013): 7613–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-013-7578-0.

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33

Yoshida, Hiroyuki, Yusuke Shiozaki, Yo Inoue та ін. "Threshold improvement in uniformly lying helix cholesteric liquid crystal laser using auxiliary π-conjugated polymer active layer". Journal of Applied Physics 113, № 20 (2013): 203105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4807402.

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34

Huang, Zi Qiang. "Bistable Technology in Flat Panel Display: Principle and Progress." Key Engineering Materials 428-429 (January 2010): 206–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.428-429.206.

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Active matrices often related with high grade display devices, due to application of the storage elements, typically thin film transistor (TFT). Because of the complex procedures in the manufacturing TFT, investment of the high value manufacturing equipments and clarification plants is necessary, hence increasing the manufacturing cost of the flat panel, and more importantly, causing the pollution of water and air. As the contribution of TFT array merely exists in supplying storage function for the pixels of the display panel, large efforts have been made to find suitable cells that have bistable effect, so as to substitute the effect of TFT. As the bistable cell is just the storage pixel, one could construct a bistable cell to skip the needs of TFT active matrices. The paper is to introduce currently available bistable display devices in the following field: liquid crystal bistable displays with cholesteric liquid crystals, which is an example to introduce the bistable technology; iMod display devices based on mechanic induced bistable and light interference, which shows the possibility to construct bistable display; and the display based on solid powder movement in air or in vacuum, so called liquid powder displays, which shows how to improve the existed display.

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35

PETRYSHAK, Vasyl. "Highly sensitive active medium of primary converter SO2 sensors based on cholesteric-nematic mixtures, doped by carbon nanotubes." PRZEGLĄD ELEKTROTECHNICZNY 1, no. 3 (2017): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15199/48.2017.03.27.

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Gram, Anne Sofie, Martin Bæk Petersen, Jonas Salling Quist, Mads Rosenkilde, Bente Stallknecht, and Else-Marie Bladbjerg. "Effects of 6 Months of Active Commuting and Leisure-Time Exercise on Fibrin Turnover in Sedentary Individuals with Overweight and Obesity: A Randomised Controlled Trial." Journal of Obesity 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7140754.

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Obesity and exercise constitute important factors for cardiovascular disease risk, but the long-term effects of different exercise modalities on haemostatic biomarkers are not well elucidated. We investigated the effects of 6 months of active commuting or leisure-time exercise on measures of fibrin turnover in individuals who are overweight and obese. Ninety younger (20–40 years), sedentary, healthy women and men who are overweight and obese (BMI: 25–35 kg/m2) were randomised to 6 months of habitual lifestyle (CON, n=16), active commuting (BIKE, n=19), or leisure-time exercise of moderate (MOD, ∼50% VO2peak reserve, n=31) or vigorous intensity (VIG, ∼70% VO2peak reserve, n=24). Fasting blood samples (baseline and 3 and 6 months) were analysed for cholesterols and triglycerides, thrombin generation, prothrombin fragment 1 + 2, D-dimer, fibrin clot properties, and fibrinolytic activity. We observed no differences between CON, BIKE, MOD, and VIG during the intervention and no time effects for any of the variables measured despite increased VO2peak in all exercise groups. We found no difference between CON and all exercise groups combined and no gender-specific effects of exercise. Our findings suggest that thrombin generation capacity, coagulation activation, fibrin clot structure, and lysability are unaffected by long-term active commuting and leisure-time exercise in women and men who are overweight and obese.

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Lin, Gen-Min, Pang-Yen Liu, Kun-Zhe Tsai, Yu-Kai Lin, Wei-Chun Huang, and Carl J. Lavie. "Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Carotid Intima–Media Thickness in Physically Active Young Adults: CHIEF Atherosclerosis Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 13 (2022): 3653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11133653.

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Background: The relationship of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with subclinical atherosclerosis affected by the body adiposity has been observed in children, whereas this relationship remains unclear in young adults. Methods and Results: A total of 1520 military recruits, aged 18–40 years, were included in Taiwan in 2018–2020. All subjects underwent detailed physical and blood laboratory examinations. CRF was evaluated by time for a 3000 m run, and subclinical atherosclerosis was evaluated by intima–media thickness of the bulb of the left common carotid artery (cIMT) utilizing high-resolution ultrasonography. Multivariable linear regression analysis with adjustments for age, sex, cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterols, fasting glucose, waist circumference, serum uric acid and serum triglycerides were utilized to determine the correlation between CRF and cIMT. CRF was independently correlated with cIMT (standardized β: 0.11, p < 0.001). Of the cardiometabolic risk markers, serum triglycerides were the only independent risk marker of cIMT (standardized β: 0.063, p = 0.03). In addition, the association of CRF with cIMT did not differ between those with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 and those with BMI < 25 kg/m2 (standardized β: 0.103 and 0.117; p = 0.01 and 0.005, respectively). Conclusions: In physically active young men and women, there was an inverse association of cIMT with CRF, which was observed in both overweight/mild obesity and normal-weight individuals, highlighting the importance of endurance capacity on reducing risk of early atherosclerosis and implying that the moderation effect of body adiposity might not be present in this population.

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Asao, Yasufumi, Takeshi Togano, Masahiro Terada, Takashi Moriyama, Shinichi Nakamura, and Jun Iba. "Novel Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Mode for Active Matrix Liquid Crystal Display Using Cholesteric–Chiral Smectic C Phase Transition Material." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 38, Part 1, No. 10 (1999): 5977–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.38.5977.

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Hayashi, Hiroki, Tomokazu Iseki, and Hiromasa Goto. "Induction of Reaction Environment by Optically Active Menthyl-based Compound for Electrochemical Polymerization in Cholesteric and Smectic Liquid Crystal." Chemistry Letters 45, no. 5 (2016): 511–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.160039.

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Goto, Hiromasa. "Magneto-optically active polythiophene derivatives bearing a stable radical group from achiral monomers by polycondensation in cholesteric liquid crystal." Polymer 49, no. 17 (2008): 3619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2008.06.030.

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ZHANG, M., and G. B. SCHUSTER. "ChemInform Abstract: Photoracemization of Optically Active 1,1′-Binaphthyl Derivatives: Light-Initiated Conversion of Cholesteric to Compensated Nematic Liquid Crystals." ChemInform 23, no. 29 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199229080.

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Ikeda, S., M. F. Wong, P. Mohan, and E. De Clercq. "Selective Inhibition of Myxovirus Replication by a Novel Series of Cholesterol-Naphthalenesulfonic Acid Hybrid Molecules." Antiviral Chemistry and Chemotherapy 5, no. 2 (1994): 122–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095632029400500209.

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A novel series of hybrid molecules with cholesterol and naphthalenesulfonic acid have been synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against myxoviruses (respiratory syncytial virus [RSV], influenza A and B virus), Naphthalenesulfonic acids (compounds 1–3) and cholesterols (compounds 4 and 5) did not inhibit myxovirus-induced cytopathic-ity. However, hybrid molecules (compounds 6 and 7) proved active against RSV and influenza A virus but not influenza B virus. The antiviral effects of the hybrid compounds 6 and 7 were comparable to those of dextran sulfate. Mixtures of naphthalenesulfonic acid and cholesteryl chloroformate (compounds 1 and 5 molecules, corresponding to the hybrid molecule 6; and compounds 2 and 5, corresponding to the hybrid molecule 7) did not show antiviral activity. The mode of action of the cholesterol-linked naphthalenesulfonic acids can be attributed to inhibition of virus-cell fusion (influenza A virus) or inhibition of both virus-cell binding and fusion (RSV).

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Boyaval, J., F. Hapiot, C. Li, N. Isaert, M. Warenghem, and P. Carette. "Optically Active Homogeneous Mixtures of Cholesteric Liquid Crystals and a New Coordination Compound: Eu(Thenoyltrifluoroacetonate)3. (Cholesteryl Tetradecanoate or Nonanoate)." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 330, no. 1 (1999): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10587259908025585.

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Manna, Suman K., Kedar Sathaye, Samir Abbas, Stephen Le-Gall, Laurent Dupont, and Jean-Louis De Bougrenet de la Tocnaye. "Paper No P33: Absorption-Scattering Based High Pitch Cholesteric Liquid Crystal (HP-CLC): 3-D Active Shutter and General Lighting Applications." SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 46, S1 (2015): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sdtp.10579.

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Neha Jain, Sourabh Jain. "Evaluation of Toxicity and Antidiabetic Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Flowers of Moringa Oleifera Against Dexamethasone Induced Hyperglycemia in Albino WistarRats." Universities' Journal of Phytochemistry and Ayurvedic Heights 2, no. 29 (2020): 72–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.51129/ujpah-2020-29-2(11).

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Abstract-Diabetes is a defect in the ability of the body to convert glucose (sugar) to energy. Glucose is the main source of energy in our body. When food is digested it is metabolized into fats, proteins, or carbohydrates. Glucose is then transferred to the blood and is used by the cells for energy production. To investigate the antidiabetic effect ethanolic extracts of flowers of Moringa oleifera against dexamethasone induced insulin resistance in wistar albino rats. To study the antidiabetic effect, flowers ofMoringaoleiferawerecollectedandauthenticated, extracted and investigated for acute toxicity and dexamethasone induced hyperglcemia. The animals treated with EEMOF at a dose of 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg prevented the development ofhyperglycemia,hypercholesteremiaandhypertriglyceridemia in dexamethasone induced insulin resistance models. Oral administration of Moringa Oleifera 100mg/kg and 200mg/kg reduces serum glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterols and LDLconcentration and improve the concentration of HDLin dexamethasone administered rats. The lignin Moringa Oleifera showed significant anti-diabetic effect in rats after oral administration. The present study demonstrated that Moringa Oleifera could be useful in Management of diabetes associated with abnormalities in lipid profiles. Further study need to isolate, identify the active compounds and find out thepossiblemechanismofactions.

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Ahn, Yoomin, Myung Hee Nam, and Eungbin Kim. "Relationship Between the Gastrointestinal Side Effects of an Anti-Hypertensive Medication and Changes in the Serum Lipid Metabolome." Nutrients 12, no. 1 (2020): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12010205.

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An earlier study using a rat model system indicated that the active ingredients contained in the anti-hypertensive medication amlodipine (AMD) appeared to induce various bowel problems, including constipation and inflammation. A probiotic blend was found to alleviate intestinal complications caused by the medicine. To gain more extensive insight into the beneficial effects of the probiotic blend, we investigated the changes in metabolite levels using a non-targeted metabolic approach with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-fligh (UPLC-q/TOF) mass spectrometry. Analysis of lipid metabolites revealed that rats that received AMD had a different metabolome profile compared with control rats and rats that received AMD plus the probiotic blend. In the AMD-administered group, serum levels of phosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylcholines, sphingomyelins, triglycerides with large numbers of double bonds, cholesterols, sterol derivatives, and cholesterol esters (all p < 0.05) were increased compared with those of the control group and the group that received AMD plus the probiotic blend. The AMD-administered group also exhibited significantly decreased levels of triglycerides with small numbers of double bonds (all p < 0.05). These results support our hypothesis that AMD-induced compositional changes in the gut microbiota are a causal factor in inflammation.

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Goto, Hiromasa. "Vortex fibril structure and chiroptical electrochromic effect of optically active poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT*) prepared by chiral transcription electrochemical polymerisation in cholesteric liquid crystal." Journal of Materials Chemistry 19, no. 28 (2009): 4914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b818993e.

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48

Dörfler, H. D., G. Friedrich, and Chr Swaboda. "Induzierung lyotrop-cholesterischer in lyotrop-nematischen Phasen mittels optisch-aktiver Zusätze / Induction of lyotropic-cholesteric phases in lyotropic-nematic phases by addition of optically active components." Tenside Surfactants Detergents 32, no. 3 (1995): 244–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tsd-1995-320311.

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Goto, Hiromasa. "Corrigendum to Magneto-optically active polythiophene derivatives bearing a stable radical group from achiral monomers by polycondensation in cholesteric liquid crystal [Polymer 49 (2008) 3619–3624]." Polymer 49, no. 22 (2008): 4910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2008.09.001.

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50

Park, Byung Kil, Eun-Ah Lee, Hee-Youn Kim, et al. "Fatty Liver and Insulin Resistance in the Liver-Specific Knockout Mice of Mitogen Inducible Gene-6." Journal of Diabetes Research 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1632061.

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Mitogen inducible gene-6 (Mig-6) is a feedback inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. The liver-specific knockout mice of the Mig-6 gene (Mig-6d/d) showed hepatomegaly and increased hypercholesterolemia. In this study, the biomarkers of insulin resistance and the effects of high-fat diets in the wild (Mig-6f/f) and Mig-6d/dmice were analyzed. The fasting plasma concentrations of glucose, triglyceride, cholesterols, free fatty acids, and HOMA-IR were measured and the glucose tolerance and insulin resistance tests were performed in the 25-week-old Mig-6f/fand the Mig-6d/dmice. The protein levels of active insulin receptor, glucose 6-phosphatase, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase were analyzed in the liver and fat. The fasting plasma cholesterol and glucose concentration were higher in the Mig-6d/dmice than the Mig-6f/fmice with increased fat deposition in the liver. But the Mig-6d/dmice had the improved glucose intolerance and insulin resistance without increased amount of phosphoinsulin receptor after insulin infusion in the liver. The hepatic concentration of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was increased in fasting Mig-6d/dmice. The feeding of high-fat diet accelerated the plasma lipids profiles and HOMA-IR in the Mig-6d/dmice but had no differential effects in oral glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test in both genotypes. These results suggest that the activated EGFR signaling might increase the fasting plasma glucose concentration through inducing the hepatic steatosis and the improved whole-body insulin resistance in the KO mice be caused by decreased adipogenesis in fat tissues.

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