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Journal articles on the topic 'Active Knee Extension Test'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Kane, Yvonne, and Jay Bernasconi. "Analysis of a Modified Active Knee Extension Test." Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy 15, no. 3 (1992): 141–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2519/jospt.1992.15.3.141.

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2

Garner, Amelia Jane, Reza Saatchi, Oliver Ward, Harriet Nwaizu, and Daniel Philip Hawley. "Proof-of-Concept Study of the Use of Accelerometry to Quantify Knee Joint Movement and Assist with the Diagnosis of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis." Technologies 10, no. 4 (2022): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/technologies10040076.

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Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disease in childhood. Seven children and young people (CYP) with a diagnosis of JIA and suspected active arthritis of a single knee joint were recruited for this proof-of-concept study. The presence of active arthritis was confirmed by clinical examination. Four tri-axial accelerometers were integrated individually in elastic bands and placed above and below each knee. Participants performed ten periodic flexion-extensions of each knee joint while lying down, followed by walking ten meters in a straight path. The contralateral (n

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3

Cameron, Denise M., and Richard W. Bohannon. "Relationship Between Active Knee Extension and Active Straight Leg Raise Test Measurements." Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy 17, no. 5 (1993): 257–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2519/jospt.1993.17.5.257.

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4

Connor, Siobhán O., Noel McCaffrey, Enda Whyte, and Kieran Moran. "Reliability of a Modified Active Knee Extension Test for Assessment of Hamstring Flexibility." International Journal of Athletic Therapy and Training 20, no. 4 (2015): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijatt.2015-0007.

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Context:Hamstring injuries are prevalent among team and field sport athletes, and poor flexibility has been theorized as a risk factor. The active knee extension test has been proposed as the gold standard for assessment of hamstring flexibility. Many variations of this test are employed, each of which utilizes a complex apparatus that is difficult to transport, time-consuming to set up, and often unavailable to most clinicians. Thus, a method that utilizes inexpensive and readily available equipment is needed for screening.Objective:To establish the intertester and intratester reliability of

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Aronson, Patricia A., Arie M. Rijke, and Christopher D. Ingersoll. "Bilateral Medial Tibiofemoral Joint Stiffness in Full Extension and 20° of Knee Flexion." Journal of Athletic Training 43, no. 2 (2008): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-43.2.157.

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Abstract Context: The valgus stress test is used clinically to assess injury to the medial knee structures in 2 positions: full extension and some degree of flexion. The amount of flexion used to “isolate” the medial collateral ligament is not consistent in the literature, but most studies have shown that stiffness of the ligaments was consistent between the limbs. Objective: To determine (1) if the stiffness of the medial knee structures was the same bilaterally, and (2) if the stiffness was different in full extension compared with 20° of knee flexion. Design: Criterion standard, before-afte

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Kumari, Sangeetha, Dr Ajith Kumar A, Dr Mohammed Rafi, and Dr Sowjanya Maruboyina. "Effect of Jack-Knife Stretching Versus Active Stretching to Improve Hamstring Flexibility in Students with Hamstring Tightness." International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 10, no. 2 (2025): 138–46. https://doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20250216.

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BACKGROUND: The hamstring muscles, positioned at the posterior aspect of the thigh, play a key role in enabling knee flexion. Tightness in these muscles arises when their ability to lengthen is diminished, leading to reduced joint mobility. With a rise in sedentary behavior, the incidence of hamstring tightness is rising among young adults, particularly students. This study aimed to compare the effects of jack knife stretching and active stretching techniques on hamstring tightness in students. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY: A comparative research design was adopted with participants selected thro

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Boling, Michelle, Darin Padua, J. Troy Blackburn, Meredith Petschauer, and Christopher Hirth. "Hip Adduction Does not Affect VMO EMG Amplitude or VMO:VL Ratios during a Dynamic Squat Exercise." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 15, no. 3 (2006): 195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.15.3.195.

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Context:Clinicians commonly attempt to facilitate vastus medialis oblique (VMO) activity by instructing patients to squeeze a ball between their knees during squatting exercises.Objective:To determine whether VMO activation amplitude and the VMO to vastus lateralis (VL) activation ratio (VMO:VL) were altered when performing active hip adduction during a dynamic squat exercise.Design:Single test session.Participants:Fifteen healthy subjects, with no history of knee pain, volunteered for this study.Intervention:Surface EMG of the VMO, VL, and hip adductor (ADD) muscles were recorded while subjec

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Shrivastava, Purnima, Vansh Maheshwari, Sabhya Pritwani, et al. "Reliability and agreement of a smartphone-based application for assessing knee range of motion." Wellcome Open Research 10 (May 15, 2025): 237. https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.23669.1.

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Background Smartphone applications using built-in gyroscopes are attractive options for measuring range of motion of a joint (ROM) to facilitate self-assessment. We developed and quantified the measurement error of a mobile application (test-app) and compared it with a universal goniometer (UG) to assess knee ROM of healthy, osteoarthritic, or replaced knees using a cross-sectional study design. Methods Active knee ROM in the sitting and supine positions was recorded among healthy adult participants (n=80), those with osteoarthritis (n=31), and those following knee replacement (n=28). The comp

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9

Norris, C. M., and M. Matthews. "Inter-tester reliability of a self-monitored active knee extension test." Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies 9, no. 4 (2005): 256–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2005.06.002.

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10

Imtiaz, Rafia, Asma Sattar, Anum Qaiser, et al. "Association of Hamstring Tightness with Lower Extremity Injuries in Athletes (Analytical Cross-Sectional Study)." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 17, no. 5 (2023): 575–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2023175575.

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Background: Flexibility if muscle is required for normal bio-mechanical functioning. Muscle tightness results from reduced capability of muscle to modify its shape during movement which results in decreased ROM. Hamstring tightness is one of the cause of hamstring injuries in athletes which leads to slowed recovery and compromises performance of athlete in the field. Objective: To find the association of hamstring tightness with lower extremity injuries in athletes. Methodology: The study was conducted on 141 athletes out of those 61 were cricketers and 80 were footballers. This study was cond

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11

Kuilart, Kate Elissa, Melanie Woollam, Elizabeth Barling, and Nicholas Lucas. "The active knee extension test and Slump test in subjects with perceived hamstring tightness." International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 8, no. 3 (2005): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijosm.2005.07.004.

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12

Kim, Chang-ho, Gyeong-tae Gwak, and Oh-yun Kwon. "Reliability of the Active Knee Extension Test With a Pressure Biofeedback Unit." Physical Therapy Korea 24, no. 3 (2017): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.12674/ptk.2017.24.3.040.

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13

Worrell, Teddy W., Michael K. Sullivan, and Joseph J. DeJulia. "Reliability of an Active-Knee-Extension Test for Determining Hamstring Muscle Flexibility." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 1, no. 3 (1992): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.1.3.181.

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This study examined the intratester and intertester reliability of an active-knee-extension test (AKET) for determining hamstring muscle length (flexibility). Three testers performed repeated AKET measurements on 22 subjects. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC were used to calculate intratester and intertester reliability. Also, standard error of measurements (SEM) were calculated. The ICC and SEM were .96 and 1.82°, respectively, for Tester 1, .99 and 1.75° for Tester 2, and .99 and 1.80° for Tester 3. Intratester 95% confidence intervals ranged from 60.54 to 69.82°. Intertester ICC and

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14

Venkateshwarlu, Nallagatla, Enrico Maria Staderini, and Naveen Kumar Balne. "Study of Static Vs Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Stretching of Tight Hamstrings, and Its Effect on Lower Limb Flexibility and Speed of Sprinter - A Comparative Study." Galore International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 8, no. 4 (2024): 120–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/gijhsr.20230415.

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Background: Hamstring injuries are one of the most common injuries seen in sprinters, leading to reduction in flexibility and speed in sprinters. The study aimed at comparing the two most appropriate methods of hamstring stretching, i.e., static stretching (SS) and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching (PNFS), in sprinters for the management of tight hamstrings and measurement of their effectiveness on flexibility and speed. Materials and Methods: After ethical clearance and informed consent, 80 male subjects who met inclusion criteria were recruited and randomised into the SS (

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15

Wang, Qi, Xiao Zhou, Mengxin Cui, et al. "Comparison of Lower Limb Range of Motion in Male University Soccer Athletes with Ankle Injuries Versus Those Without." Applied Sciences 15, no. 5 (2025): 2505. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15052505.

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In soccer players, ankle injuries are a common issue that may increase lower limb imbalance. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship between the range of motion of the knee and ankle joints and lower limb imbalance in soccer players with and without ankle injuries. We recruited 50 male university soccer athletes, who were categorized into an injury group (21 players) and a non-injury group (29 players). Prior to the experimental tests, basic data were collected through a self-reported questionnaire. During the experiment, participants sequentially completed a passive knee flexion t

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Tomruk, Murat, Melda Soysal Tomruk, and Nihal Gelecek. "Effects of Dynamic Extension Exercise and Mulligan Stretching on Hamstring Flexibility." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 2, no. 11_suppl3 (2014): 2325967114S0016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967114s00168.

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Objectives: By the increase in physically inactive and sedentary lifestyles habits, hamstring tightness has currently become a more common situation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of dynamic extension exercise and Mulligan stretching applications on hamstring flexibility in people with hamstring tightness. Methods: This study involved 12 young adults and 24 knees (4 females, 8 males) with bilateral hamstring tightness (active knee extension test angle < 25 degrees). Mean age and mean Body Mass Index (BMI) of the participants were 22.75±2.73 years and 21.52±2.51 kg/m2,

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Sherazi, Fareeha, Saira Waqar, Maria Khalid, Kashmala Saleem, Sania Khawar Kiani, and Momena Shahzad. "EFFECT OF KNEE JOINT MOBILIZATION ON HAMSTRING MUSCLE LENGTH IN PATIENT WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS." Rehabilitation Journal 06, no. 04 (2022): 468–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.52567/trj.v6i04.189.

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Background: Knee osteoarthritis is a common disease of old age which causes difficulty in activities of daily living. The hamstring muscle tightness is often associated with grade 1 and 2 knee osteoarthritis. The treatment of knee osteoarthritis includes stretches, strengthening and mobilization of joints, these may also improve the hamstring muscle length. Objectives: To determine effects of knee Joint Mobilization on hamstring muscle length in Patient with Knee Osteoarthritis. Methodology: A randomized clinical trial study was conducted at Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi from September 20

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Nedović, Nenad, Stevan Jovanović, Danilo Vujičić, Chris Bishop, and Žiga Kozinc. "The Test–Retest Reliability of a Belt-Fixated Dynamometer for Assessing Maximal Knee Strength, Inter-Limb Asymmetries, and Hamstring–Quadriceps Ratios." Symmetry 16, no. 11 (2024): 1541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym16111541.

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Evaluating maximal strength, inter-limb asymmetries, and the hamstring-to-quadriceps (HQ) ratio is essential for identifying strength deficits in athletes. This cross-sectional study assessed the test–retest (inter-visit) reliability of the EasyForce dynamometer for knee extension and flexion strength in 21 young healthy participants (11 women and 10 men; age = 19.4 ± 0.7 years). The dynamometer demonstrated excellent relative reliability, with ICC values of 0.99 for knee extension and 0.95–0.98 for knee flexion. Absolute reliability was also acceptable (typical error = 5.63–16.44 N; coefficie

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19

Reurink, Gustaaf, Gert Jan Goudswaard, Henricus G. Oomen, et al. "Reliability of the Active and Passive Knee Extension Test in Acute Hamstring Injuries." American Journal of Sports Medicine 41, no. 8 (2013): 1757–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546513490650.

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Raghwani, Devyani, and Maximilian M. Wdowski. "The effects of stretching with cryotherapy, stretching with heat and stretching alone on hamstring flexibility in physically active females." International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 27, no. 9 (2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ijtr.2019.0075.

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Background/Aims A pre- and post-intervention study was conducted to examine the effects of acute cryotherapy with stretching, heat with stretching, and stretching alone on hamstring flexibility. Methods Thirty female participants were randomly allocated into three groups: stretching with cryotherapy, stretching with heat, or stretching without an intervention. A sit and reach test and the 90/90 active knee extension test were conducted before and after a 20-minute stretching routine to measure hamstring flexibility. Results Differences were observed pre- and post-test in the sit and reach test

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21

Sheth, Ruhi, and Syed Rais Akhter Rizvi. "The Immediate Effect of Muscle Energy Technique Versus Active Release Technique on Hamstring Tightness in Footballers." International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research 7, no. 2 (2022): 282–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijshr.20220440.

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Background and purpose: Most often, attention is focused on management of pain and injuries and decreased muscle strength in football players while little attention is given to flexibility. The objective of this study was to assess and compare the immediate effectiveness of a type of Muscle Energy Technique (MET), Post Isometric Relaxation (PIR) and Active Release Technique (ART) in increasing hamstring flexibility among recreational and professional footballers aged 18-30 years. MET is used to lengthen a tight muscle, strengthen weak muscles, reduce localised oedema or mobilize an articulatio

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22

Mubarra Rehman and Huma Riaz. "Comparison of mobilization with movement and Mulligan knee taping on Patellofemoral pain syndrome." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 71, no. 9 (2021): 2119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.04-658.

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Objective: The objectives of study are to compare Mobilization with Movement (MWM) and Mulligan knee taping (MT) on anterior knee pain, hamstring flexibility and Physical performance of lower limb. Methods: A randomized control trail was conducted from July to Dec 2019. Ethical approval from Riphah research ethical committee was taken. Total 34 participants of both genders, having Patellofemoral pain were recruited by purposive sampling technique. Randomly assignment into two groups; MWM and MT was done. Both groups were treated for 2 days per 2 consecutive weeks. Outcomes measures were Numeri

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Shrivastava, Purnima, Vansh Maheswari, Sabhya Pritwani, et al. "Ab. No. 89 Reproducibility of a Smartphone-Based Application for Assessing Knee Range of Motion." Journal of Society of Indian Physiotherapists 8, no. 1 (2024): 67–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jsip.jsip_abstract_45.

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Introduction: Smartphone applications using in-built gyroscope chips are attractive options that can facilitate self-assessment of knee range of motion without having to wear a sensor-based device. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to compare this smartphone-based app with universal goniometer (UG) in assessing active knee range of motion in sitting and lying position. Consecutive patients with knee osteoarthritis or those who had knee replacement or the healthy accompanier and hospital staff above 18 years of age and consenting to volunteer were approached for the study at a tert

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Kochman, Maciej, Gabriela Cmela, Wojciech Kasperek, and Mariusz Drużbicki. "Comparison of selected biomechanical variables of lower limbs and dynamic balance between folk and ballroom dancers." Journal of Kinesiology and Exercise Sciences 34, no. 106 (2024): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.6776.

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Background: The literature review revealed few reports comparing dancers of different dance styles, especially in lower limb biomechanics and dynamic balance. This study aimed to compare the hip and knee ROM, hamstring muscle length, and dynamic balance between Polish folk dancers, ballroom dancers, and non-dancers. Methods: Nineteen Polish folk dancers (FD), fifteen ballroom dancers (BD), and seventeen physically inactive non-dancers (ND) took part in this observational study. The mean dancing experience of the dancers was 7.7 years. The research procedures included the use of the author’s qu

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Harry, Anju, and Susan Annie George. "Effectiveness of Muscle Energy Technique on Improving Hamstring Muscle Flexibility in High School Level Kabaddi Players." International Journal of Research and Review 8, no. 6 (2021): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210616.

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Introduction: Kabaddi is one of the most popular games, which makes it our national pride. Kabaddi requires a lot of power, strength, flexibility, agility, speed, breath control and wariness. The game comes under contact sports and hence injuries are common. Muscle Energy Technique (MET) is a form of manual therapy used to relax the muscles via autogenic or reciprocal inhibition and lengthen the muscle, which uses muscle’s own energy in the form of gentle isometric contraction. The purpose of this study is to find out the effectiveness of MET on improving hamstring muscle flexibility, active k

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N, Remya, Elsa Reethu, and Manju Unnikrishnan. "Comparison of Immediate and Long Term Effects of Neurodynamic Sliding, PNF Stretching and Static Stretching on Hamstring Flexibility in Young Adults with Hamstring Tightness." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 12, no. 9 (2022): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20220922.

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Hamstring flexibility is reduced due to postural adaptations and this can cause limitations in joint range of motion and muscular imbalance and can affect physical performance of a person. The Neurodynamic sliding technique, PNF stretching and Static stretching are three different techniques that have shown improvement on Hamstring flexibility. The aim of the present study is to compare the short term and long term effects of Neurodynamic sliding, PNF stretching and Static stretching on Hamstring flexibility in young subjects with hamstring tightness. A comparative study was conducted on 63 su

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Hamid, Mohamad Shariff A., Mohamed Razif Mohamed Ali, and Ashril Yusof. "Interrater and Intrarater Reliability of the Active Knee Extension (AKE) Test among Healthy Adults." Journal of Physical Therapy Science 25, no. 8 (2013): 957–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/jpts.25.957.

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Lim, Wootaek. "Optimal cut-off values of the active knee extension test for diagnosing hamstring tightness." Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies 40 (October 2024): 1769–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.10.042.

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Millar, A. L., T. Johnston, and C. Moore. "1062 SENSITIVITY OF THE ACTIVE KNEE EXTENSION TEST VS. THE STRAIGHT LEG RAISE TEST FOR HAMSTRINC FLEXIBILITY." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 26, Supplement (1994): S189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199405001-01064.

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Herrington, Lee. "The Effect of Pelvic Position on Popliteal Angle Achieved During 90:90 Hamstring-Length Test." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 22, no. 4 (2013): 254–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.22.4.254.

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Context:Hamstring muscle length is commonly measured because of its perceived relationship to injury of both the hamstrings themselves and the pelvis and lumbar spine. The popliteal (knee-extension) angle measured from the starting position hip and knee at 90° is a commonly used indirect measure of hamstring muscle length. When this measure has been undertaken in the literature previously, little attention was paid to the position of the pelvis, which may significantly influence measurements taken.Design:Repeated-measures.Setting:University human performance laboratory.Participants:60 healthy

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Montgomery, Melissa M., and Sandra J. Shultz. "Isometric Knee-Extension and Knee-Flexion Torque Production During Early Follicular and Postovulatory Phases in Recreationally Active Women." Journal of Athletic Training 45, no. 6 (2010): 586–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-45.6.586.

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Abstract Context: Acute decreases in strength have been associated with risky biomechanical strategies that might predispose one to injury. Whether acute changes in thigh muscle torque occur across the menstrual cycle remains equivocal. Objective: We compared maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) torque of the knee flexors and extensors between the early follicular (EF) and either the early luteal (EL) or midluteal (ML) phases, which were confirmed by serum hormone concentrations. We expected that MVIC torques would increase from the EF to the EL phase after estradiol peaked and befor

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Sunil Nayee, Khushbu, and Apeksha Vaghasiya. "Immediate Effect of Active Release Technique versus Foam Rolling on Hamstring Tightness in Computer Workers." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 14, no. 5 (2024): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20240502.

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Background and need of research: In computer workers due to their prolonged sitting throughout the day can lead to various problems like tightness of muscle, decreased joint range of motion and decreased flexibility. As hamstring is a key component of flexibility in the lower body and it is more prone to get tightened. Due to prolonged sitting in Computer workers, the hamstring muscles are in shortened position (posterior pelvic tilt & knee 90° flexion) which causes the tightness of the hamstring muscles. Therefore, the objective of study is to find out the immediate effect of active relea

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Arazpour, Mokhtar, Ahmad Chitsazan, Monireh Ahmadi Bani, Gholamreza Rouhi, Farhad Tabatabai Ghomshe, and Stephen W. Hutchins. "The effect of a knee ankle foot orthosis incorporating an active knee mechanism on gait of a person with poliomyelitis." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 37, no. 5 (2013): 411–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364612469140.

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Background: The aim of this case study was to identify the effect of a powered stance control knee ankle foot orthosis on the kinematics and temporospatial parameters of walking by a person with poliomyelitis when compared to a knee ankle foot orthosis. Case description and methods: A knee ankle foot orthosis was initially manufactured by incorporating drop lock knee joints and custom molded ankle foot orthoses and fitted to a person with poliomyelitis. The orthosis was then adapted by adding electrically activated powered knee joints to provide knee extension torque during stance and also fle

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Moravveji, Hajar, Ali Ghanbari, and Fahimeh Kamali. "Proprioception of Knee Joint in Athletes and Non-Athletes Obese." Global Journal of Health Science 9, no. 2 (2016): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v9n2p286.

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<p><strong>BACKGROUND</strong><strong>: </strong>Proprioception plays an integral role in the neuromotor control of the knee joint. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship of knee joint proprioception deficit and regular exercise activities with obesity.</p><p><strong>MATERIAL/METHOD</strong><strong>: </strong>In this case control study, we had 60 participants, aged 18 to 35 in four groups (15 athletes obese; 15 athletes with normal weight; 15 non-athletes obese; 15 non-athletes with normal weight). The aver

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Rakos, D. M., K. A. Adams, R. L. Fedor, M. LaManna, C. C. Yocum, and K. J. Lawrence. "INTERRATER RELIABILITY OF THE ACTIVE-KNEE-EXTENSION TEST FOR HAMSTRING LENGTH IN SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN." Pediatric Physical Therapy 10, no. 4 (1998): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001577-199801040-00032.

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Rakos, Diane M., Kelly A. Shaw, Robyn L. Fedor, Maryalice LaManna, Corrie C. Yocum, and Kevin J. Lawrence. "Interrater Reliability of the Active-Knee-Extension Test for Hamstring Length in School-Aged Children." Pediatric Physical Therapy 13, no. 1 (2001): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001577-200104000-00006.

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Rakos, Diane M., Kelly A. Shaw, Robyn L. Fedor, Maryalice LaManna, Corrie C. Yocum, and Kevin J. Lawrence. "Interrater Reliability of the Active-Knee-Extension Test for Hamstring Length in School-Aged Children." Pediatric Physical Therapy 13, no. 1 (2001): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001577-200113010-00006.

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Arazpour, Mokhtar, Alireza Moradi, Mohammad Samadian, et al. "The influence of a powered knee–ankle–foot orthosis on walking in poliomyelitis subjects: A pilot study." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 40, no. 3 (2015): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364615592703.

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Background:Traditionally, the anatomical knee joint is locked in extension when walking with a conventional knee–ankle–foot orthosis. A powered knee–ankle–foot orthosis was developed to provide restriction of knee flexion during stance phase and active flexion and extension of the knee during swing phase of gait.Objective:The purpose of this study was to determine differences of the powered knee–ankle–foot orthosis compared to a locked knee–ankle–foot orthosis in kinematic data and temporospatial parameters during ambulation.Study design:Quasi—experimental design.Methods:Subjects with poliomye

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Shafique, Sidra, Sara Aabroo, Hafiza Neelam Muneeb, and Umair Arshad. "COMPARISON OF SCIATIC NERVE GLIDING AND LOWER EXTREMITY DYNAMIC STRETCH ON HAMSTRING FLEXIBILITY IN ATHLETES." Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation 12, no. 1 (2023): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.36283/pjr.zu.12.1/019.

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Background: Hamstring muscles are targeted among football players. Sciatic nerve gliding improve hamstring flexibility among football players. Objective: To compare the effects of sciatic nerve gliding and lower extremity stretching on hamstring flexibility among football players. Methodology: In this randomized clinical trial 20 male athletes were selected which divided in two groups. One group was given sciatic nerve gliding while other lower extremity stretches. Athletes with age of 18-30 years, male foot ballers who regularly exercise 2 to 3 times a week for 30 minutes for 6 weeks were inc

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Shapiro, Shane A., Lorenzo O. Hernandez, and Daniel P. Montero. "Snapping Pes Anserinus and the Diagnostic Utility of Dynamic Ultrasound." Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 7 (October 17, 2017): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcis.jcis_45_17.

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Snapping pes anserinus syndrome is an often encountered cause of medial knee snapping. It results from impingement and translation of the gracilis tendon or semitendinosus tendon over the osseous structures of the knee during active flexion and extension. Ultrasonography is often the diagnostic imaging test of choice in cases of mechanical snapping. We report 2 cases of painful snapping pes anserinus and highlight the value of dynamic ultrasound in making an accurate diagnosis so as to direct care.

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Khalifeh, Fatimah, Noureddin Karimi, Parastoo Baraghoosh, and Mehrdad Naghikhani. "The Relationship Between Hip and Knee Flexibility and Post-coronary Angiography Pain." Physical Treatments - Specific Physical Therapy Journal 13, no. 3 (2023): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/ptj.13.3.560.2.

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Purpose: Coronary angiography can cause post-procedural pain, and limited flexibility in the hips and knees may contribute to this discomfort. This study was designed to assess the flexibility of the hip and knee and its relationship with pain after femoral angiography. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 42 participants (27 men and 15 women, aged 30-85 years) after non-emergency angiography at Dr. Shariati Hospital. Demographic data, employment status, and angiography history were collected through an individual data questionnaire. Muscle flexibility was assessed using a goni

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Casaña, José, Joaquín Calatayud, Antonio Silvestre, et al. "Knee Extensor Muscle Strength Is More Important Than Postural Balance for Stair-Climbing Ability in Elderly Patients with Severe Knee Osteoarthritis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (2021): 3637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073637.

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Knee osteoarthritis is a chronic joint disease which damages articular cartilage. In its severe stages, it results in impairments in balance and muscle strength loss, which affect daily life activities such as walking or climbing stairs. This study sought to investigate associated factors with stair-climbing ability in this population, with special interest in measuring the relevance of postural balance for this task. Forty-four patients scheduled to undergo unilateral total knee arthroplasty were assessed. Timed up and go test, stair ascent–descent test, three different isometric strength tes

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Gaudreault, Nathaly, Alex Fuentes, Neila Mezghani, Virginie O. Gauthier, and Katia Turcot. "Relationship Between Knee Walking Kinematics and Muscle Flexibility in Runners." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 22, no. 4 (2013): 279–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.22.4.279.

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Context:Decreased flexibility in muscles and joints of lower extremities is commonly observed in runners. Understanding the effect of decreased flexibility on knee walking kinematics in runners is important because, over time, altered gait patterns can make runners vulnerable to overuse injuries or degenerative pathologies.Objectives:To compare hamstring and iliotibial-band (ITB) flexibility and knee kinematics in runners and nonrunners.Design:A descriptive, comparative laboratory study.Setting:Hamstring and ITB flexibility were measured with the active knee-extension test and the modified Obe

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Ebert, Jay R., Peter K. Edwards, Michael Fallon, Timothy R. Ackland, Gregory C. Janes, and David J. Wood. "Two-Year Outcomes of a Randomized Trial Investigating a 6-Week Return to Full Weightbearing After Matrix-Induced Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation." American Journal of Sports Medicine 45, no. 4 (2016): 838–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546516673837.

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Background: Matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) has demonstrated encouraging outcomes in treating patients with knee cartilage defects. Postoperatively, the time required to attain full weightbearing (WB) remains conservative. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that patients would have no significant clinical or radiological differences or graft complications after an 8-week or 6-week return to full WB after MACI. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: A total of 37 knees (n = 35 patients) were randomly allocated to either an 8-week return to f

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Singh, Sutantar, and Kavita Kaushal. "Change in hamstrings flexibility: A comparison between three different manual therapeutic techniques in normal individuals." Adesh University Journal of Medical Sciences & Research 2 (July 23, 2020): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/aujmsr_4_2020.

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Objectives: The objectives of the study were to find the effective techniques out of post isometric relaxation, Maximum voluntary isometric contraction and PNF hold relax in increasing the flexibility of hamstring muscles. Materials and Methods: An observational study on 90 subjects (both sexes; between 18 and 30 years) was given one of three interventions – PIR, 10 Sec MVIC, and PNF HR and assigned into three groups – Group A, B, and C (each group with 30 subjects). Three repetitions of the protocol were given to each subject for regular 2 days. Active knee extension ROM was measured by the A

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Sarfraz, Zainab, Dr Gulraiz Enderyas, Dr Farooq Islam, and Prof Asim Raza Thakur. "A Comparative Study to Assess Hamstring Tightness in Individuals with and without Plantar fasciitis." American Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice 9, no. 3 (2023): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ajhmn.1621.

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Purpose: To compare hamstring tightness in individuals with and without plantar fasciitis Methodology: 369 individuals (male and female) was evaluated This, cross-sectional study included individuals with, and without plantar fasciitis. Data will be collected from hospitals in DHQ Wazirabad, THQ Gujranwala, Aziz Bhatti Gujrat. Non probability convenient sampling technique was used. Goniometer was used for measuring range of motion for active knee extension. The data was collected under the rules and regulations of ethical committee of University of Lahore. Findings: This study's fi

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Ebert, Jay R., Michael Fallon, David J. Wood, and Gregory C. Janes. "A Prospective Clinical and Radiological Evaluation at 5 Years After Arthroscopic Matrix-Induced Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation." American Journal of Sports Medicine 45, no. 1 (2016): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546516663493.

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Background: While midterm outcomes after matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) are encouraging, the procedure permits an arthroscopic approach that may reduce the morbidity of arthrotomy and permit accelerated rehabilitation. Hypothesis: A significant improvement in clinical and radiological outcomes after arthroscopic MACI will exist through to 5 years after surgery. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: We prospectively evaluated the first 31 patients (15 male, 16 female) who underwent MACI via arthroscopic surgery to address symptomatic tibiofemoral c

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Ash, H. E., I. C. Burgess, and A. Unsworth. "Long-term results for Kinemax and Kinematic knee bearings on a six-station knee wear simulator." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 214, no. 5 (2000): 437–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954411001535462.

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A long-term wear test was performed on Kinemax and Kinematic (Howmedica Inc.) knee bearings on the Durham six-station knee wear simulator. The bearings were subjected to flexion/extension of 65–0°, anterior-posterior translation of between 4.5 and 8.5 mm and a maximum axial load of 3 kN. Passive abduction/adduction and internal/external rotation were also permitted, however, two of the stations had a linkage system which produced ± 5° active internal/external rotation. The bearings were tested at 37 °C in a 30 per cent bovine serum solution and the test was run to 5.6 × 106 cycles. The bearing

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Nagahara, Ryu, Mai Kameda, and Jonathon Neville. "Validity of inertial measurement unit–based knee flexion strength-power test." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology 233, no. 3 (2019): 443–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1754337119845601.

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This study aimed to examine the concurrent validity of inertial measurement unit–based knee flexion strength-power test variables. Ten physically active males performed a knee flexion strength-power test, consisting of serial right knee flexion-extension motions. Two trials were performed, each at 50%, 75% and 100% effort. Lower-extremity motion during the trial was recorded using a motion capture system and an inertial measurement unit. For inertial measurement unit data, the measured length of each lower-extremity segment was used to estimate segment endpoint coordinates. Knee flexion kineti

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Kang, Min-Hyeok, and Jae-Seop Oh. "Relationship Between Weightbearing Ankle Dorsiflexion Passive Range of Motion and Ankle Kinematics During Gait." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 107, no. 1 (2017): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/14-112.

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Background: Measurement of weightbearing ankle dorsiflexion (DF) passive range of motion (PROM) has been suggested as a way to estimate ankle kinematics during gait; however, no previous study has demonstrated the relationship between ankle DF during gait and ankle DF PROM with knee extension. We examine the relationship between maximum ankle DF during gait and nonweightbearing and weightbearing ankle DF PROM with knee extension. Methods: Forty physically active individuals (mean ± SD age, 21.63 ± 1.73 years) participated in this study. Ankle DF PROM with knee extension was measured in the non

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