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Journal articles on the topic 'Active oxygen – Physiological effect'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Colon, Marcus, Andrew Hodgson, Eimear Donlon, and James E. J. Murphy. "Effects of Competitive Triathlon Training on Telomere Length." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 27, no. 4 (August 1, 2019): 510–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2018-0248.

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Telomeres act as a mitotic clock and telomere-related senescence has been linked to age-related physiological decline. There is increasing evidence lifestyle factors can influence telomere length (TL). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of competitive triathlon training on TL. Seven competitive male triathletes and seven recreationally active males participated in the study. Relative TL was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Physiological parameters key to athletic performance such as maximal oxygen intake, lactate threshold, and running economy were also

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Madueno, Maria C., Vincent J. Dalbo, Joshua H. Guy, Kate E. Giamarelos, Tania Spiteri, and Aaron T. Scanlan. "Reduced Fatigue in Passive Versus Active Recovery: An Examination of Repeated-Change-of-Direction Sprints in Basketball Players." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 13, no. 8 (September 1, 2018): 1034–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2017-0831.

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Purpose: To investigate the physiological and performance effects of active and passive recovery between repeated-change-of-direction sprints. Methods: Eight semiprofessional basketball players (age: 19.9 [1.5] y; stature: 183.0 [9.6] cm; body mass: 77.7 [16.9] kg; body fat: 11.8% [6.3%]; and peak oxygen consumption: 46.1 [7.6] mL·kg−1·min−1) completed 12 × 20-m repeated-change-of-direction sprints (Agility 5-0-5 tests) interspersed with 20 seconds of active (50% maximal aerobic speed) or passive recovery in a randomized crossover design. Physiological and perceptual measures included heart ra

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Carmeli, Eli, Pini Orbach, David T. Lowenthal, Joav Merrick, and Raymond Coleman. "Long-Term Effects of Activity Status in the Elderly on Cardiorespiratory Capacity, Blood Pressure, Blood Lipids, and Body Composition: A Five-Year Follow-Up Study." Scientific World JOURNAL 3 (2003): 751–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2003.66.

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It is generally recognized that physical activity levels in the elderly do not remain constant over time, and typically there is a marked reduction in physical activities in the elderly. The long-term benefits of regular physical training programs in the elderly are still not fully understood. This is a study of 55 elderly healthy subjects (over 65 years old) and re-evaluated for the effects of different physical activity patterns (sedentary, moderately active, and highly active) on several physiological parameters (pre- and post-training) after a 5-year period (5.30 ± 1.14 years). Measurement

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Reid, MB. "Reactive Oxygen and Nitric Oxide in Skeletal Muscle." Physiology 11, no. 3 (June 1, 1996): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiologyonline.1996.11.3.114.

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Skeletal muscle produces oxygen radicals, nitric oxide, and a variety of redox-active derivatives that modulate muscle function under physiological conditions. In unfatigued muscle, reactive oxygen intermediates and nitric oxide exert opposing effects on excitation-contraction coupling. During strenuous exercise, oxidants accumulate in the tissue and accelerate the fatigue process.

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Rubalcaba, Juan G., Wilco C. E. P. Verberk, A. Jan Hendriks, Bart Saris, and H. Arthur Woods. "Oxygen limitation may affect the temperature and size dependence of metabolism in aquatic ectotherms." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 50 (November 30, 2020): 31963–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2003292117.

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Both oxygen and temperature are fundamental factors determining metabolic performance, fitness, ecological niches, and responses of many aquatic organisms to climate change. Despite the importance of physical and physiological constraints on oxygen supply affecting aerobic metabolism of aquatic ectotherms, ecological theories such as the metabolic theory of ecology have focused on the effects of temperature rather than oxygen. This gap currently impedes mechanistic models from accurately predicting metabolic rates (i.e., oxygen consumption rates) of aquatic organisms and restricts predictions

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Molina-Sotomayor, Edgardo, Marcelo González Orb, Francisco Pradas de la Fuente, Giovanni Carozzi Figueroa, Antonio Sánchez-Oliver, and José González-Jurado. "Effects of Cardiorespiratory Exercise on Cognition in Older Women Exposed to Air Pollution." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 2 (January 16, 2019): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16020245.

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The aim was to analyze the effects of cardiorespiratory exercise and air pollution on cognition and cardiovascular markers in four groups of older women: the active/clean air group (AC), the active/polluted air group (AP), the sedentary/clean air group (SC), and the sedentary/polluted air group (SP). Active groups performed a training task based on progressive walking. Prior to and after the experiment, the following parameters were assessed: cognition, by Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE); maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), estimated by the Six-Minute Walk Test (6mWT); heart rate (HR); and ox

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Losnegard, Thomas, Martin Andersen, Matt Spencer, and Jostein Hallén. "Effects of Active Versus Passive Recovery in Sprint Cross-Country Skiing." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 10, no. 5 (July 2015): 630–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0218.

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Purpose:To investigate the effects of an active and a passive recovery protocol on physiological responses and performance between 2 heats in sprint cross-country skiing.Methods:Ten elite male skiers (22 ± 3 y, 184 ± 4 cm, 79 ± 7 kg) undertook 2 experimental test sessions that both consisted of 2 heats with 25 min between start of the first and second heats. The heats were conducted as an 800-m time trial (6°, >3.5 m/s, ~205 s) and included measurements of oxygen uptake (VO2) and accumulated oxygen deficit. The active recovery trial involved 2 min standing/walking, 16 min jogging (58% ± 5%

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Milovanova, Tatyana N., Veena M. Bhopale, Elena M. Sorokina, Jonni S. Moore, Thomas K. Hunt, Martin Hauer-Jensen, Omaida C. Velazquez, and Stephen R. Thom. "Hyperbaric oxygen stimulates vasculogenic stem cell growth and differentiation in vivo." Journal of Applied Physiology 106, no. 2 (February 2009): 711–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.91054.2008.

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We hypothesized that oxidative stress from hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2, 2.8 ATA for 90 min daily) exerts a trophic effect on vasculogenic stem cells. In a mouse model, circulating stem/progenitor cell (SPC) recruitment and differentiation in subcutaneous Matrigel were stimulated by HBO2and by a physiological oxidative stressor, lactate. In combination, HBO2and lactate had additive effects. Vascular channels lined by CD34+SPCs were identified. HBO2and lactate accelerated channel development, cell differentiation based on surface marker expression, and cell cycle entry. CD34+SPCs exhibited increases

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Dehghani, Hamed, Mohammad Ali Oghabian, Seyed Amir Hosein Batouli, Jalil Arab Kheradmand, and Ali Khatibi. "Effect of Physiological Noise on Thoracolumbar Spinal Cord Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in 3T Magnetic Field." Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Journal 11, no. 6 (November 1, 2020): 737–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/bcn.11.6.1395.1.

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Introduction: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) methods have been used to study sensorimotor processing in the spinal cord. However, these techniques confront unwanted noises to the measured signal from the physiological fluctuations. In the spinal cord imaging, most of the challenges are consequences of cardiac and respiratory movement artifacts that are considered as significant sources of noise, especially in the thoracolumbar region. In this study, we investigated the effect of each source of physiological noise and their contribution to the outcome of the analysis of the blood-

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Mikalački, Milena, Nebojša Čokorilo, and Pedro Jesús Ruiz-Montero. "The effects of a pilates-aerobic program on maximum exercise capacity of adult women." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 23, no. 3 (May 2017): 246–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220172303156004.

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ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical exercise such as the Pilates method offers clinical benefits on the aging process. Likewise, physiologic parameters may be improved through aerobic exercise. Methods: In order to compare the differences of a Pilates-Aerobic intervention program on physiologic parameters such as the maximum heart rate (HRmax), relative maximal oxygen consumption (relative VO2max) and absolute (absolute VOmax), maximum heart rate during maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max-HRmax), maximum minute volume (VE) and forced vital capacity (FVC), a total of 64 adult women (active group = 4

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Smith, Abbie E., Christopher M. Lockwood, Jordan R. Moon, Kristina L. Kendall, David H. Fukuda, Sarah E. Tobkin, Joel T. Cramer, and Jeffrey R. Stout. "Physiological effects of caffeine, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, and exercise in overweight and obese women." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 35, no. 5 (October 2010): 607–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h10-056.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the combined effects of a 10-week exercise program with ingestion of caffeine and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on body composition, cardiovascular fitness, and strength in overweight and obese women. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled approach, overweight and obese women (n = 27) were randomly assigned to treatment groups with exercise (an active-supplementing group with exercise (EX-Act) and a placebo group with exercise (EX-PL)) or without exercise (an active-supplementing group without exercise (NEX-Act) and a placebo group without exercise (NEX

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Cicogna, Francesca, Emilia Bramanti, Beatrice Campanella, Stefano Caporali, Luca Panariello, Caterina Cristallini, Randa Ishak, Niccoletta Barbani, Elisa Passaglia, and Serena Coiai. "Surface Functionalization of Face Masks with Cold Plasma and Its Effect in Anchoring Polyphenols Extracted from Agri-Food." Molecules 27, no. 23 (December 6, 2022): 8632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27238632.

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To improve the capability of non-woven polypropylene-based fabric (NWF-PP) used for face mask production to retain active biomolecules such as polyphenols, the surface functionalization of NWF-PP–directly cut from face masks–was carried out by employing cold plasma with oxygen. The nature/structure of the functional groups, as well as the degree of functionalization, were evaluated by ATR-FTIR and XPS by varying the experimental conditions (generator power, treatment time, and oxygen flow). The effects of plasma activation on mechanical and morphological characteristics were evaluated by stres

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Valdenassi, Luigi, Marianno Franzini, Vincenzo Simonetti, and Giovanni Ricevuti. "Oxygen-ozone therapy: paradoxical stimulation of ozone." Ozone Therapy 1, no. 1 (April 5, 2016): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ozone.2016.5837.

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After several years of scientific research and accurate clinical practice, the oxygen-ozone therapy continues to represent a method full of prospects and new opportunities. On this basis we present an updated review on basic mechanisms through which the ozone acts. Ozone, a molecule notable for its heterodoxy and atypicalness, has been regarded with suspicious for a long time since it was a possible generator of free radicals and correlated pathologies, but it is important distinguishing between the oxidative damage from free radicals, characterized by irreversible chemical modifications of th

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Carmeli, Eli, Gadi Bartur, Sara Peleg, Shemuel Barchad, and Jean-Jacques Vatine. "Does Passive Leg Activity Influence Oxygen Saturation and Activity in Sedentary Elderly Adults?" Scientific World JOURNAL 6 (2006): 1075–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/tsw.2006.199.

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This study aimed to investigate whether any physiological changes might have a clinically significant effect on function in sedentary, institutionalized, older adults treated by a passive training program. A total of 18 subjects (mean age 60.7 ± 3.4) with intellectual disability (ID) participated. We measured SpO2 (arterial oxygen saturation) before, during, and after passive training, and used Barthel Index to measure daily living activities. The general trend indicated that inactive people with ID evidenced a continual increase in SpO2% levels and some functional gains during passive treatme

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Girard, Olivier, Romain Leuenberger, Sarah J. Willis, Fabio Borrani, and Grégoire P. Millet. "Effects of Active Preconditioning With Local and Systemic Hypoxia on Submaximal Cycling." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 17, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2021-0046.

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Purpose: The authors compared the effects of active preconditioning with local and systemic hypoxia during submaximal cycling. Methods: On separate visits, 14 active participants completed 4 trials. Each visit was composed of 1 preconditioning phase followed, after 40 minutes of rest, by 3 × 6-minute cycling bouts (intensity = 85% of critical power; rest = 6 min). The preconditioning phase consisted of 4 × 5-minute cycling bouts at 1.5 W·kg−1 (rest = 5 min) in 4 conditions: control (no occlusion and normoxia), blood flow restriction (60% of total occlusion), HYP (systemic hypoxia; inspired fra

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Al-Suhaimi, Ebtesam A., Noorah A. Al-Riziza, and Reham A. Al-Essa. "Physiological and Therapeutical Roles of Ginger and Turmeric on Endocrine Functions." American Journal of Chinese Medicine 39, no. 02 (January 2011): 215–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0192415x11008762.

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The natural product ginger (Zingiber officinale) has active constituents gingerol, Shogaol and Zerumbone, while turmeric (Curcuma longa) contains three active major curcuminoids, namely, curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. They have the same scientific classification and are reported to have anti-inflammatory and many therapeutic effects. This article reviews the physiological and therapeutic effects of ginger and turmeric on some endocrine gland functions, and signal pathways involved to mediate their actions. With some systems and adipose tissue, ginger and turmeric exert

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Eggmann, Sabrina, Irina Irincheeva, Gere Luder, Martin L. Verra, André Moser, Caroline H. G. Bastiaenen, and Stephan M. Jakob. "Cardiorespiratory response to early rehabilitation in critically ill adults: A secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial." PLOS ONE 17, no. 2 (February 3, 2022): e0262779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262779.

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Introduction Early rehabilitation is indicated in critically ill adults to counter functional complications. However, the physiological response to rehabilitation is poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the cardiorespiratory response to rehabilitation and to investigate the effect of explanatory variables on physiological changes during rehabilitation and recovery. Methods In a prospectively planned, secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial conducted in a tertiary, mixed intensive care unit (ICU), we analysed the 716 physiotherapy-led, pragmatic rehabilitation sessions (

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Jiang, Dan, Bin Lu, Liantao Liu, Wenjing Duan, Li Chen, Jin Li, Ke Zhang, et al. "Exogenous melatonin improves salt stress adaptation of cotton seedlings by regulating active oxygen metabolism." PeerJ 8 (December 11, 2020): e10486. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10486.

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Melatonin is a small-molecule indole hormone that plays an important role in participating in biotic and abiotic stress resistance. Melatonin has been confirmed to promote the normal development of plants under adversity stress by mediating physiological regulation mechanisms. However, the mechanisms by which exogenous melatonin mediates salt tolerance via regulation of antioxidant activity and osmosis in cotton seedlings remain largely unknown. In this study, the regulatory effects of melatonin on reactive oxygen species (ROS), the antioxidant system, and osmotic modulators of cotton seedling

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Guseynov, Nidjat A., Marina H. Hammouri, Alexandr A. Muraev, Sergey Y. Ivanov, Elena A. Lukianova, Anna S. Klimenko, and Mohammad A. Noeerazlighi. "Local hardware hypothermia influence on the physiological processes." RUDN Journal of Medicine 26, no. 3 (December 15, 2022): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0245-2022-26-3-243-258.

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Relevance. Cold vasodilation is a response to a decrease in local and general temperature. Dose-controlled hypothermia is a therapeutic method for treating various pathological processes. Materials and Methods. In our study, we analyzed various indicators of the general condition of the human body under the influence of local controlled hypothermia. The study involved 25 healthy volunteers from the age of 21 to 34, including 14 males and 11 females. The study was carried out at a constant temperature of 25 ºС, relative humidity of 30 ± 5%, and an atmospheric pressure of 765mm Hg in silence and

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Li, Ying Xia, Suo Zhou, Feng Juan Zhao, Yan Liu, Pan Pan Fan, and Guang Ce Wang. "Physiological responses of Porphyra haitanesis to different copper and zinc concentrations." Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 58, no. 4 (December 2010): 261–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592010000400001.

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In the present study, several physiological responses of the red marine alga Porphyra haitanesis to elevated concentrations of copper (up to 50 μM) and zinc (up to 100 μM) were investigated. Our results showed that the effects of Cu2+ and Zn2+ on growth, photosynthetic pigments (chlorophylls and carotenoids), phycobiliprotein and metabolism (the fluorescence emission spectra and the activities of photosystemII) did not follow the same pattern. The relative growth rate was inhibited by different concentrations of Cu2+, and was slightly increased at lower concentrations (up to 10 μM) and inhibit

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Zhang, Shuangxia, Yan Liu, and Bo Liu. "Highly Active Nano-Reactor for Responding Tumor Microenvironment and Antitumor Therapy." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 21 (January 2022): 153303382210956. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15330338221095670.

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The tumor microenvironment is complex and changeable, so the design of a nano-delivery system for the tumor microenvironment has attracted wide attention. Based on this, we designed an intelligent nano-reactor for the characteristics of acidic pH and hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment. Firstly, the silver nano-balls were synthesized by the biological template method, which exhibited a good photothermal conversion efficiency and can realize the photothermal treatment of tumor sites. Subsequently, the hypoxic prodrug tirapazamine (TPZ) and polydopamine (PDA) for chemotherapy were self-assembl

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Krebs, Patricia, Warren Eickelberg, Hans Krobath, and Ingrid Baruch. "Effects of Physical Exercise on Peripheral Vision and Learning in Children with Spina Bifida Manifesta." Perceptual and Motor Skills 68, no. 1 (February 1989): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1989.68.1.167.

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The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of active exercise of the arms on various physiological, perceptual, and cognitive parameters of children with spina bifida manifesta who were aged 9 to 12 yr. Following a 5-min. rest interval, subjects were either not exercised (control days) for a 6-min. period or were exercised (experimental days) for a 6-min. period. Cardiac measures, respiratory function, peripheral vision, and figural learning trials were recorded after exercise. Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank tests were computed on the means of the exercise and no-exercise

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Silkstone, Gary G. A., Rebecca S. Silkstone, Michael T. Wilson, Michelle Simons, Leif Bülow, Kristian Kallberg, Khuanpiroon Ratanasopa, et al. "Engineering tyrosine electron transfer pathways decreases oxidative toxicity in hemoglobin: implications for blood substitute design." Biochemical Journal 473, no. 19 (September 27, 2016): 3371–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20160243.

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Hemoglobin (Hb)-based oxygen carriers (HBOC) have been engineered to replace or augment the oxygen-carrying capacity of erythrocytes. However, clinical results have generally been disappointing due to adverse side effects linked to intrinsic heme-mediated oxidative toxicity and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging. Redox-active tyrosine residues can facilitate electron transfer between endogenous antioxidants and oxidative ferryl heme species. A suitable residue is present in the α-subunit (Y42) of Hb, but absent from the homologous position in the β-subunit (F41). We therefore replaced this residue w

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Li, Shuisheng, Baoxin Zhang, and Pingjun Ma. "THE RELIEVING EFFECT OF SUN-DRIED PROTEIN TONIC ON SPORTS FATIGUE." Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte 27, spe2 (June 2021): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1517-8692202127022020_0141.

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ABSTRACT Fatigue is a comprehensive process that involves many physiological and biochemical factors. It is a normal physiological reaction when human physical or mental activities reach a certain level. In recent years, it has been verified that free radicals are closely related to exercise-induced fatigue. Cardamine bursa purified selenoprotein has good oxygen-free radical scavenging ability and anti-lipid peroxide. It could protect mitochondria, liver, and red blood cells from peroxide injury. Therefore, it was speculated that the purification of selenoprotein Cardamine may play an active r

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Hafedh, Hanen, Maamer Slimani, Bianca Miarka, Ramzi Bettayeb, and Nicola Luigi Bragazzi. "Effects of Terbutaline Sulfate on Physiological and Biomechanical as Well as Perceived Exertion in Healthy Active Athletes: A Pilot Study." Journal of Human Kinetics 69, no. 1 (October 18, 2019): 169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2018-0097.

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Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effects of beta2‐agonist terbutaline sulfate (TER) at a supra‐therapeutic dose (8 mg) on aerobic exercise performance. Twelve (6 females and 6 males) amateur athletes familiarized with all experimental procedures had their anthropometric data obtained on day 1. On days 2 and 3 either 8 mg of TER or a placebo (PLA) was administered orally (double‐blind manner) to participants who had rested for 3 h prior to aerobic exercise performance 20 m multistage fitness test (MSFT)]. This test was used to predict maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and velocity at w

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Danek, Natalia, Kamil Michalik, Marcin Smolarek, and Marek Zatoń. "Acute Effects of Using Added Respiratory Dead Space Volume in a Cycling Sprint Interval Exercise Protocol: A Cross-Over Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 24 (December 18, 2020): 9485. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249485.

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Background: The aim of the study was to compare acute physiological, biochemical, and perceptual responses during sprint interval exercise (SIE) with breathing through a device increasing added respiratory dead space volume (ARDSV) and without the device. Methods: The study involved 11 healthy, physically active men (mean maximal oxygen uptake: 52.6 ± 8.2 mL∙kg1∙min−1). During four visits to a laboratory with a minimum interval of 72 h, they participated in (1) an incremental test on a cycle ergometer; (2) a familiarization session; (3) and (4) cross-over SIE sessions. SIE consisted of 6 × 10-

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Ziyadeh, F. N., and Z. S. Agus. "Benzodiazepines inhibit transport-related oxygen consumption in thick ascending limb." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 255, no. 3 (September 1, 1988): C385—C392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1988.255.3.c385.

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Specific binding sites for benzodiazepines (BZD) have been identified in several nonneuronal tissues including the kidney where they are localized predominantly to the tubular epithelium of the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop (TALH). The physiological function of these nonneuronal (peripheral) BZD-binding sites is undefined, but it has been suggested that they may represent receptors for putative endogenous ligands that may modulate cell function. In the current study, we examined the in vitro effects of diazepam and Ro5-4864, a specific peripheral BZD-receptor agonist, on the oxygen cons

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Drafi, Frantisek, Katarina Bauerova, Viera Kuncirova, Silvester Ponist, Danica Mihalova, Tatiana Fedorova, Juraj Harmatha, and Radomir Nosal. "Pharmacological influence on processes of adjuvant arthritis: effect of the combination of an antioxidant active substance with methotrexate." Interdisciplinary Toxicology 5, no. 2 (November 9, 2012): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10102-012-0015-4.

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Abstract Oxygen metabolism has an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. A certain correlation was observed between oxidative stress, arthritis and the immune system. Reactive oxygen species produced in the course of cellular oxidative phosphorylation and by activated phagocytic cells during oxidative burst, exceed the physiological buffering capacity and result in oxidative stress. The excessive production of ROS can damage protein, lipids, nucleic acids, and matrix components. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis have an altered antioxidant defense capacity barrier. In the

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Esquius, Laura, Ramon Segura, Guillermo R. Oviedo, Marta Massip-Salcedo, and Casimiro Javierre. "Effect of Almond Supplementation on Non-Esterified Fatty Acid Values and Exercise Performance." Nutrients 12, no. 3 (February 27, 2020): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12030635.

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Several studies have investigated the effects of fat intake before exercise on subsequent substrate oxidation and exercise performance. While some studies have reported that unsaturated fatty acid supplementation slightly increases fat oxidation, the changes have not been reflected in the maximum oxygen uptake or in other performance and physiological parameters. We selected almonds as a fatty acid (FA) source for acute supplementation and investigated their effect on non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) values and exercise performance. Five physically active male subjects (age 32.9 ± 12.7 years,

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Abrantes, Catarina, Susana Martins, Ana Pereira, Fernando Policarpo, Isabel Machado, and Nelson Sousa. "Physiological Exercise and Post‐Exercise Effects of Inverse Sequences of Combined Bench‐Step Aerobics and Resistance Exercise." Journal of Human Kinetics 77, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2021-0011.

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Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of using inverse sequences of combined bench-step aerobics and resistance exercise on cardiorespiratory, hemodynamic and perceptual variables during exercise and one-hour post-exercise. The tested sequences were bench-step aerobics immediately before and immediately after resistance exercise. Thirteen apparently healthy and physically active women (age = 21.9 ± 6.1 years, body height = 160 ± 0.1 cm, body mass = 58.8 ± 7.5 kg, estimated fat mass = 17.2 ± 2.0% and estimated maximal oxygen uptake = 37.5 ± 2.6 mL∙kg-1∙min-1) performed a

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Manchado-Gobatto, Fúlvia Barros, Ricardo Silva Torres, Anita Brum Marostegan, Felipe Marroni Rasteiro, Charlini Simoni Hartz, Marlene Aparecida Moreno, Allan Silva Pinto, and Claudio Alexandre Gobatto. "Complex Network Model Reveals the Impact of Inspiratory Muscle Pre-Activation on Interactions among Physiological Responses and Muscle Oxygenation during Running and Passive Recovery." Biology 11, no. 7 (June 25, 2022): 963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11070963.

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Although several studies have focused on the adaptations provided by inspiratory muscle (IM) training on physical demands, the warm-up or pre-activation (PA) of these muscles alone appears to generate positive effects on physiological responses and performance. This study aimed to understand the effects of inspiratory muscle pre-activation (IMPA) on high-intensity running and passive recovery, as applied to active subjects. In an original and innovative investigation of the impacts of IMPA on high-intensity running, we proposed the identification of the interactions among physical characterist

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Schellhorn, Herb E., and Hosni M. Hassan. "Response of hydroperoxidase and superoxide dismutase deficient mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 to oxidative stress." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 34, no. 10 (October 1, 1988): 1171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m88-206.

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In Escherichia coli, the coordinate action of two antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and hydroperoxidase (catalase), protect the cell from the deleterious effects of oxyradicals generated during normal aerobic respiration. To evaluate the relative importance of these two classes of enzymes, strains of E. coli deficient in superoxide dismutase and (or) hydroperoxidase were constructed by generalized transduction and their physiological responses to oxygen and oxidant stress examined. Superoxide dismutase was found to be more important than hydroperoxidase in preventing oxygen-dependent g

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Atakan, Muhammed Mustafa, Yanchun Li, Şükran Nazan Koşar, Hüseyin Hüsrev Turnagöl, and Xu Yan. "Evidence-Based Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Exercise Capacity and Health: A Review with Historical Perspective." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 13 (July 5, 2021): 7201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18137201.

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Engaging in regular exercise results in a range of physiological adaptations offering benefits for exercise capacity and health, independent of age, gender or the presence of chronic diseases. Accumulating evidence shows that lack of time is a major impediment to exercise, causing physical inactivity worldwide. This issue has resulted in momentum for interval training models known to elicit higher enjoyment and induce adaptations similar to or greater than moderate-intensity continuous training, despite a lower total exercise volume. Although there is no universal definition, high-intensity in

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Heinonen, Ilkka, Kari K. Kalliokoski, Jarna C. Hannukainen, Dirk J. Duncker, Pirjo Nuutila, and Juhani Knuuti. "Organ-Specific Physiological Responses to Acute Physical Exercise and Long-Term Training in Humans." Physiology 29, no. 6 (November 2014): 421–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiol.00067.2013.

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Virtually all tissues in the human body rely on aerobic metabolism for energy production and are therefore critically dependent on continuous supply of oxygen. Oxygen is provided by blood flow, and, in essence, changes in organ perfusion are also closely associated with alterations in tissue metabolism. In response to acute exercise, blood flow is markedly increased in contracting skeletal muscles and myocardium, but perfusion in other organs (brain and bone) is only slightly enhanced or is even reduced (visceral organs). Despite largely unchanged metabolism and perfusion, repeated exposures t

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Fenjan, Haider Mizher, and Khalida Mohammed Khudur. "Application of Active Cycle of Breathing Technique for Patient with Corona Virus at Respiratory Isolation Unit: An Interventional Study." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 4 (April 26, 2022): 825–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22164825.

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Background: Active Cycle Breathing Techniques is a technique of breathing exercises that contributes as a rehabilitative lung therapy, and helps to improve readings of body physiological variables such as oxygen saturation rate, heart rate, respiratory rate and Burke scale. Aims: The current study aims to assess the effect of the active course of breathing techniques on patients with coronavirus in the respiratory isolation unit, evaluate the educational program of the active course of breathing techniques on patients with coronavirus in the respiratory isolation unit, in addition to finding t

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Puntarulo, Susana. "Effect of oxidative stress during imbibition of soybean embryonic axes." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 102 (1994): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026972700001424x.

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SynopsisBoth respiration and generation by soybean embryonic axes showed a sharp increase upon germination, leading to a significant increase in the steady-state concentration of and H2O2 after 6 h of imbibition. An assay was developed to assess in vivo generation of reactive oxygen species, based upon DCFH-DA oxidation. Fluorescence of the external medium was dependent on reaction time and axes number and was inhibited by catalase.α-Tocopherol content declined significantly after 24 h of incubation, as compared to the content at the onset of germination. Incubation in the presence of redox cy

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Zhao, Rui, Qing-wang Li, Jian Li, and Tao Zhang. "Protective effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide 4 on kidneys in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 87, no. 9 (September 2009): 711–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y09-068.

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Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) has been shown to have hypoglycemic and antioxidative properties, although its mode of action is yet unknown. Because oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, we evaluated the protective effect of LBP-4, the major active component of Lycium barbarum, on the defensive antioxidative mechanism in kidneys in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. Moreover, we investigated the effects of LBP-4 on the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) in isolated mesangial cells. The role of protein kina

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Spicer, John I., and Simon A. Morley. "Will giant polar amphipods be first to fare badly in an oxygen-poor ocean? Testing hypotheses linking oxygen to body size." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1778 (June 17, 2019): 20190034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0034.

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It has been suggested that giant Antarctic marine invertebrates will be particularly vulnerable to declining O 2 levels as our ocean warms in line with current climate change predictions. Our study provides some support for this oxygen limitation hypothesis, with larger body sizes being generally more sensitive to O 2 reductions than smaller body sizes. However, it also suggests that the overall picture is a little more complex. We tested predictions from three different, but overlapping, O 2 -related hypotheses accounting for gigantism, using four Antarctic amphipod species encompassing a wid

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Zhukova, Evgeniya S., Anna Yu Kashina, and Anastasiya M. Irkaeva. "Modern aspects of professional cancer treatment: prospects for the use of medical ozone in the correction of free radical homeostasis." Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology 60, no. 11 (December 3, 2020): 767–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31089/1026-9428-2020-60-11-767-770.

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Introduction. The well-known features of oncogenesis make it possible to assume the prospects of medical ozone as part of a comprehensive health-saving therapy for professional oncopathologies. Due to the risk of stimulating the proliferation of tumor cells, research on the search for optimal modes of ozone exposure is relevant. The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of using ozonated saline solution (OSS) as part of complex antitumor therapy in an experiment. Materials and methods. The effect of OSS with different concentrations of ozone in the ozone-oxygen mixture on the conten

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Kliszczewicz, Brian, Michael McKenzie, and Brett Nickerson. "Physiological adaptation following four-weeks of high-intensity functional training." Vojnosanitetski pregled 76, no. 3 (2019): 272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp170228095k.

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Background/Aim. High-Intensity Functional Training (HIFT) is a popular mixed-modal program that utilizes both resistance and aerobic based exercises. The aim of this study was to examine the physiological effects of the HIFT programing on physically active men (10) and women (10) over a four-week period through the measure of the aerobic capacity, anaerobic capacity, and maximal weight lifted. Methods. The participants first completed a maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) test. After 48-hours of rest, the subjects completed the anaerobic capacity test via the Wingate protocol. Following the Wi

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Zhao, Yuxuan, Min Zhang, Xue Jiang, Shuang Hao, Junru Hu, Jiale Li, and Xiaoyang Gai. "The effects of different storage temperatures combined with heat treatment on cucumber’s quality and physiological and biochemical indexes." Trends in Horticulture 5, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/th.v5i1.1812.

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The effects of different storage temperatures (2, 4 and 8 ℃) and their corresponding optimal heat treatment conditions on the quality, physiological and biochemical indexes of Cucumber Fruits during storage were studied by using the quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination design. The effects of different storage temperatures (2, 4 and 8 ℃) and their corresponding optimal heat treatment conditions on the chilling injury, hardness, weightlessness rate, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), H2O2, super oxygen anion free radical (O2-), ASA and GSH were determined

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Mottola, Michelle F., Stuart Inglis, Chantale R. Brun, and Jo-Anne Hammond. "Physiological and metabolic responses of late pregnant women to 40 min of steady-state exercise followed by an oral glucose tolerance perturbation." Journal of Applied Physiology 115, no. 5 (September 1, 2013): 597–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00487.2013.

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We examined the physiological and metabolic responses of 24 active late pregnant women to 40 min of vigorous (95% ventilatory threshold) steady-state treadmill exercise followed by a metabolic perturbation [oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), 75 g] after exercise. Heart rate and respiratory measures were taken throughout exercise, and blood samples were collected during exercise and every 30 min during the 2-h OGTT. Values were compared with those for a group of physically active nonpregnant women ( n = 16) in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Although late pregnant women were heavier,

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Aldsworth, Timothy G., Rachel L. Sharman, Christine E. R. Dodd, and Gordon S. A. B. Stewart. "A Competitive Microflora Increases the Resistance of Salmonella typhimurium to Inimical Processes: Evidence for a Suicide Response." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 4 (April 1, 1998): 1323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.4.1323-1327.1998.

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ABSTRACT The presence of a viable competitive microflora at cell densities of 108 CFU ml−1 protects an underlying population of 105 CFU of Salmonella typhimuriumml−1 against freeze injury. The mechanism of enhanced resistance was initially postulated to be via an RpoS-mediated adaptive response. By using an spvRA::luxCDABEreporter we have shown that although the onset of RpoS-mediated gene expression was brought forward by the addition of a competitive microflora, the time taken for induction was measured in hours. Since the protective effect of a competitive microflora is essentially instanta

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Pal, Rameswar, Som Nath Singh, Kaushik Halder, Omveer Singh Tomer, Awadh Bihari Mishra, and Mantu Saha. "Effects of Yogic Practice on Metabolism and Antioxidant–Redox Status of Physically Active Males." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 12, no. 4 (April 2015): 579–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2013-0059.

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Background:This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of yogic practice on resting metabolism and redox status.Methods:The study was conducted on 64 physically trained male volunteers selected randomly at the Air Force Academy. The yoga group (n = 34) practiced yogasana, pranayama, and meditation for 3 months (February–May 2011) and the control group (n = 30) performed physical training. Antioxidant variables in blood samples along with physiological parameters were estimated before and after 3 months.Results:No significant difference was noted between baseline data of the control group

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Silberstein, L., B. Z. Siegel, S. M. Siegel, A. Mukhtar, and M. Galun. "Comparative Studies on Xanthoria Parietina, a Pollution Resistant Lichen, and Ramalina Duriaei, a Sensitive Species. II. Evaluation of Possible Air Pollution-Protection Mechanisms." Lichenologist 28, no. 4 (July 1996): 367–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/lich.1996.0034.

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AbstractSurveys of the distribution of the lichens Xanthoria panetina and Ramalina duriaei in Israel showed that environments with air pollution had no damaging effectson X. panetina, whereas R. duriaei had disappeared from polluted environments: physiological studies supported this relative sensitivity. Investigations of possible defence mechanisms protecting X. parietina from the damaging effects of air pollution showed a multitude of possible protective systems. These included constitutive avoidance such as: efficient buffering capacity; a relatively high potassium content; and antioxidatio

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Atiakshin, Dmitry A., Victoria Shishkina, Dmitry I. Esaulenko, Evgeniy S. Ovsyannikov, Lyubov N. Antakova, Olga A. Gerasimova, Tatiana V. Samoilenko, Pavel Yu Andreev, Sara T. Magerramova, and Sofia A. Budnevskaya. "Mast Cells as the Target of the Biological Effects of Molecular Hydrogen in the Specific Tissue Microenvironment." International Journal of Biomedicine 12, no. 2 (June 5, 2022): 183–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21103/article12(2)_ra2.

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Mast cells (MCs) as key players in the development of both physiological and pathological processes in the organism can form a specific tissue microenvironment. Having a rich secretion of biologically active substances, MCs can secrete tryptase and/or chymase and thereby participate in the regulation of processes such as inflammation, neoangiogenesis, allergic reactions, and oncogenesis. Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) play an essential role in regulation of MC degranulation, shown in vitro and in vivo models. Application of molecular hydrogen as a substance with antioxidant characteristic

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Lerchundi, Rodrigo, Ignacio Fernández-Moncada, Yasna Contreras-Baeza, Tamara Sotelo-Hitschfeld, Philipp Mächler, Matthias T. Wyss, Jillian Stobart, et al. "NH4+ triggers the release of astrocytic lactate via mitochondrial pyruvate shunting." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 35 (August 18, 2015): 11090–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1508259112.

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Neural activity is accompanied by a transient mismatch between local glucose and oxygen metabolism, a phenomenon of physiological and pathophysiological importance termed aerobic glycolysis. Previous studies have proposed glutamate and K+ as the neuronal signals that trigger aerobic glycolysis in astrocytes. Here we used a panel of genetically encoded FRET sensors in vitro and in vivo to investigate the participation of NH4+, a by-product of catabolism that is also released by active neurons. Astrocytes in mixed cortical cultures responded to physiological levels of NH4+ with an acute rise in

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Kim, Young-Woong, and Tatiana V. Byzova. "Oxidative stress in angiogenesis and vascular disease." Blood 123, no. 5 (January 30, 2014): 625–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2013-09-512749.

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Abstract Despite the damaging effect on tissues at a high concentration, it has been gradually established that oxidative stress plays a positive role during angiogenesis. In adults, physiological or pathological angiogenesis is initiated by tissue demands for oxygen and nutrients, resulting in a hypoxia/reoxygenation cycle, which, in turn promotes the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ROS can be generated either endogenously, through mitochondrial electron transport chain reactions and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase, or exogenously, resulting from exposure t

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Shinzawa-Itoh, Kyoko, Takashi Sugimura, Tomonori Misaki, Yoshiki Tadehara, Shogo Yamamoto, Makoto Hanada, Naomine Yano, et al. "Monomeric structure of an active form of bovine cytochrome c oxidase." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 40 (September 18, 2019): 19945–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1907183116.

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Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), a membrane enzyme in the respiratory chain, catalyzes oxygen reduction by coupling electron and proton transfer through the enzyme with a proton pump across the membrane. In all crystals reported to date, bovine CcO exists as a dimer with the same intermonomer contacts, whereas CcOs and related enzymes from prokaryotes exist as monomers. Recent structural analyses of the mitochondrial respiratory supercomplex revealed that CcO monomer associates with complex I and complex III, indicating that the monomeric state is functionally important. In this study, we prepared

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Navalta, James Wilfred, Brian Keith McFarlin, Thomas Scott Lyons, John Clifton Faircloth, Nicholas T. Bacon, and Zachary J. Callahan. "Exercise-induced lymphocyte apoptosis attributable to cycle ergometer exercise in endurance-trained individuals." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 34, no. 4 (August 2009): 603–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h09-018.

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Exercise as a stimulus to induce lymphocyte apoptosis remains controversial. Differences may be due to participant fitness level or the methodology of assessing cell death. Another important issue is the mode of exercise used to induce physiological changes. Treadmill exercise typically induces significant apoptosis in human lymphocytes; however, the effect of cycle exercise is less clear. The 2 main purposes of this study were to assess if cycle ergometer exercise induces similar changes in apoptosis, and to further characterize the morphological method of assessing cell death. Endurance athl

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