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Journal articles on the topic 'Active transport (AT)'

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Published: 19 February 2023

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1

Barman, Charles R., Nevin E. Longenecker, and E. Thomas Hibbs. "Active Transport." American Biology Teacher 48, no. 5 (May 1, 1986): 304–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4448298.

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2

Olds, T. "Active transport?" Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 9 (December 2006): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2006.12.026.

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3

Alvanides, Seraphim. "Children's active transport." Journal of Transport & Health 6 (September 2017): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2017.08.012.

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4

Reuss, L. ""Active' water transport?" Journal of Physiology 497, no. 1 (November 15, 1996): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1996.sp021743.

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5

Tait, Peter W. "Active Transport and Heat." Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health 23, no. 4 (July 2011): 634–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1010539511412945.

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6

Hines, Pamela J. "Active transport of aromas." Science 356, no. 6345 (June 29, 2017): 1346.16–1348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.356.6345.1346-p.

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7

Ajdari, A. "Transport by Active Filaments." Europhysics Letters (EPL) 31, no. 2 (July 10, 1995): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/31/2/002.

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8

Ajdari, A. "Transport by Active Filaments." Europhysics Letters (EPL) 31, no. 5-6 (August 10, 1995): 341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/31/5-6/c01.

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9

Rubí, J. M., A. Lervik, D. Bedeaux, and S. Kjelstrup. "Entropy facilitated active transport." Journal of Chemical Physics 146, no. 18 (May 14, 2017): 185101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4982799.

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10

Žuraulis, Vidas, Vytenis Surblys, and Eldar Šabanovič. "TECHNOLOGICAL MEASURES OF FOREFRONT ROAD IDENTIFICATION FOR VEHICLE COMFORT AND SAFETY IMPROVEMENT." Transport 34, no. 3 (May 27, 2019): 363–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.10372.

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This paper presents the technological measures currently being developed at institutes and vehicle research centres dealing with forefront road identification. In this case, road identification corresponds with the surface irregularities and road surface type, which are evaluated by laser scanning and image analysis. Real-time adaptation, adaptation in advance and system external informing are stated as sequential generations of vehicle suspension and active braking systems where road identification is significantly important. Active and semi-active suspensions with their adaptation technologies for comfort and road holding characteristics are analysed. Also, an active braking system such as Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) and Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB) have been considered as very sensitive to the road friction state. Artificial intelligence methods of deep learning have been presented as a promising image analysis method for classification of 12 different road surface types. Concluding the achieved benefit of road identification for traffic safety improvement is presented with reference to analysed research reports and assumptions made after the initial evaluation.
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11

Li, Shuang, Yihu Yang, and Weikai Li. "Human ferroportin mediates proton-coupled active transport of iron." Blood Advances 4, no. 19 (October 2, 2020): 4758–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2020001864.

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Abstract As the sole iron exporter in humans, ferroportin controls systemic iron homeostasis through exporting iron into the blood plasma. The molecular mechanism of how ferroportin exports iron under various physiological settings remains unclear. Here we found that purified ferroportin incorporated into liposomes preferentially transports Fe2+ and exhibits lower affinities of transporting other divalent metal ions. The iron transport by ferroportin is facilitated by downhill proton gradients at the same direction. Human ferroportin is also capable of transporting protons, and this activity is tightly coupled to the iron transport. Remarkably, ferroportin can conduct active transport uphill against the iron gradient, with favorable charge potential providing the driving force. Targeted mutagenesis suggests that the iron translocation site is located at the pore region of human ferroportin. Together, our studies enhance the mechanistic understanding by which human ferroportin transports iron and suggest that a combination of electrochemical gradients regulates iron export.
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12

Espie, George S., Anthony G. Miller, Ramani A. Kandasamy, and David T. Canvin. "Active HCO3− transport in cyanobacteria." Canadian Journal of Botany 69, no. 5 (May 1, 1991): 936–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b91-120.

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Cyanobacteria possess systems for the active transport of both CO2 and HCO3−. While the active CO2 transport system seems to be present in cells grown on all levels of CO2 or dissolved inorganic carbon, the bicarbonate transport systems are only present in cells grown on low levels of CO2 or dissolved inorganic carbon (air levels or lower). Active bicarbonate transport can be shown to occur when the rate of photosynthesis exceeds that which could be sustained by the production of CO2 from the dehydration of bicarbonate or when CO2 transport is inhibited with carbon oxysulfide or hydrogen sulfide. Two systems for active bicarbonate transport have been identified: one is dependent on the presence of millimolar concentrations of sodium, and the other is independent of the sodium requirement. Cells grown with air bubbling normally possess the first whereas cells grown in standing culture normally possess the second. The sodium-dependent bicarbonate transport can be inhibited by omitting sodium from the reaction medium or competitively with lithium when sodium is present. Monensin and amiloride also inhibit sodium-dependent bicarbonate transport. It does not appear to be inhibited by ethoxyzolamide. The inhibition of sodium-independent bicarbonate transport is not yet established. Bicarbonate transport appears to have no effect on CO2 transport and CO2 transport appears to have no effect on bicarbonate transport. Hence, the transport systems seems to be independent. Although a number of mechanisms have been proposed for bicarbonate transport, the experimental data are not sufficient to clearly distinguish between them. Key words: cyanobacteria, active CO2 transport, active HCO3− transport, photosynthesis, sodium.
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13

Miller, Anthony G., George S. Espie, and David T. Canvin. "Active CO2 transport in cyanobacteria." Canadian Journal of Botany 69, no. 5 (May 1, 1991): 925–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b91-119.

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Cyanobacteria appear to possess an active transport system for molecular CO2. This system, first discovered by Badger and Andrews in 1982 (1982. Plant Physiol. 70: 517–523), is without reported precedence in the bacterial, animal, or plant literature. The transport system operates so efficiently that in dense cell suspensions the extracellular CO2 concentration is pulled far below the equilibrium value. This CO2 drawdown is not due to CO2 fixation but can be accounted for by a transport system that recognizes molecular CO2 and causes it to be transported into the cell. The fact that operation of the system causes a massive disequilibration of the extracellular CO2–HCO3− system means that there must be an expenditure of metabolic energy. The CO2 is actually moved against a considerable CO2 concentration gradient. In this review we discuss methods that can be used to monitor CO2 transport in cyanobacteria. We present evidence that CO2 transport is an active process. It is emphasized that little is known about the concomitant ion fluxes that must occur to ensure charge and pH regulation during CO2 transport. Key words: cyanobacteria, active CO2 transport, metabolic inhibitors, transport models.
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14

Wright, E. M., D. D. Loo, M. Panayotova-Heiermann, M. P. Lostao, B. H. Hirayama, B. Mackenzie, K. Boorer, and G. Zampighi. "'Active' sugar transport in eukaryotes." Journal of Experimental Biology 196, no. 1 (November 1, 1994): 197–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.196.1.197.

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Sugar transporters in prokaryotes and eukaryotes belong to a large family of membrane proteins containing 12 transmembrane alpha-helices. They are divided into two classes: one facilitative (uniporters) and the other concentrative (cotransporters or symporters). The concentrative transporters are energised by either H+ or Na+ gradients, which are generated and maintained by ion pumps. The facilitative and H(+)-driven sugar transporters belong to a gene family with a distinctive secondary structure profile. The Na(+)-driven transporters belong to a separate, small gene family with no homology at either the primary or secondary structural levels. It is likely that the Na(+)- and H(+)-driven sugar cotransporters share common transport mechanisms. To explore these mechanisms, we have expressed cloned eukaryote Na+/sugar cotransporters (SGLT) in Xenopus laevis oocytes and measured the kinetics of sugar transport using two-electrode voltage-clamp techniques. For SGLT1, we have developed a six-state ordered model that accounts for the experimental data. To test the model we have carried out the following experiments. (i) We measured pre-steady-state kinetics of SGLT1 using voltage-jump techniques. In the absence of sugar, SGLT1 exhibits transient carrier currents that reflect voltage-dependent conformational changes of the protein. Time constants for the carrier currents give estimates of rate constants for the conformational changes, and the charge movements, integrals of the transient currents, give estimates of the number and valence of SGLT1 proteins in the plasma membrane. Ultrastructural studies have confirmed these estimates of SGLT1 density. (ii) We have perturbed the kinetics of the cotransporter by site-directed mutagenesis of selected residues.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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15

Attard, Maria. "Active travel and sustainable transport." Communications in Transportation Research 2 (December 2022): 100059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.commtr.2022.100059.

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16

Glynn, I. M., and S. J. D. Karlish. "Occluded Cations in Active Transport." Annual Review of Biochemistry 59, no. 1 (June 1990): 171–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bi.59.070190.001131.

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17

Geck, P., and E. Heinz. "Secondary active transport: Introductory remarks." Kidney International 36, no. 3 (September 1989): 334–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ki.1989.201.

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18

Bradley, T. J. "ACTIVE TRANSPORT IN INSECT RECTA." Journal of Experimental Biology 211, no. 6 (March 15, 2008): 835–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.009589.

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19

Manna, Raj Kumar, P. B. Sunil Kumar, and R. Adhikari. "Colloidal transport by active filaments." Journal of Chemical Physics 146, no. 2 (January 14, 2017): 024901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4972010.

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20

Zhang, Eric Y., Mitch A. Phelps, Chang Cheng, Sean Ekins, and Peter W. Swaan. "Modeling of active transport systems." Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 54, no. 3 (March 2002): 329–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-409x(02)00007-8.

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21

Brangwynne, Clifford P., Gijsje H. Koenderink, Frederick C. MacKintosh, and David A. Weitz. "Intracellular transport by active diffusion." Trends in Cell Biology 19, no. 9 (September 2009): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcb.2009.04.004.

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22

Krupka, Richard M. "Coupling mechanisms in active transport." Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics 1183, no. 1 (November 1993): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0005-2728(93)90009-5.

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23

Christians, Uwe, Tobin Strom, Yan Ling Zhang, Wolfgang Steudel, Volker Schmitz, Saskia Trump, and Manuel Haschke. "Active Drug Transport of Immunosuppressants." Therapeutic Drug Monitoring 28, no. 1 (February 2006): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ftd.0000183385.27394.e7.

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24

Knaff, David B. "Active transport in phototrophic bacteria." Photosynthesis Research 10, no. 3 (1986): 507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00118317.

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25

Yang, Jinlei, Pengchao Liu, Lianshan Li, and Zhiyong Tang. "Light‐Driven Active Ion Transport." Chemistry – A European Journal 26, no. 61 (September 17, 2020): 13748–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.202001929.

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26

Grogan, Dustin F. P., and Terrence R. Nathan. "Passive versus Active Transport of Saharan Dust Aerosols by African Easterly Waves." Atmosphere 12, no. 11 (November 16, 2021): 1509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12111509.

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Theory and modeling are combined to reveal the physical and dynamical processes that control Saharan dust transport by amplifying African easterly waves (AEWs). Two cases are examined: active transport, in which the dust is radiatively coupled to the circulation; passive transport, in which the dust is radiatively decoupled from the circulation. The theory is built around a dust conservation equation for dust-coupled AEWs in zonal-mean African easterly jets. The theory predicts that, for both the passive and active cases, the dust transports will be largest where the zonal-mean dust gradients are maximized on an AEW critical surface. Whether the dust transports are largest for the radiatively passive or radiatively active case depends on the growth rate of the AEWs, which is modulated by the dust heating. The theoretical predictions are confirmed via experiments carried out with the Weather Research and Forecasting model, which is coupled to a dust conservation equation. The experiments show that the meridional dust transports dominate in the passive case, while the vertical dust transports dominate in the active case.
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27

OLOJEDE, Olorunfemi Ayodeji. "Transport decarbonisation in South Africa: a case for active transport." Scientific Journal of Silesian University of Technology. Series Transport 110 (March 1, 2021): 125–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.20858/sjsutst.2021.110.11.

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Over two-thirds of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions that contribute to climate change emanate from transport. This could double by 2050. With per capita emissions nearly twice the global average, South Africa ranks 13th globally on GHG emissions with road transport, directly and indirectly, accounting for 91.2% of total transport GHG emissions. It has been projected that by 2100, up to 100% increase in the country’s average temperature above the 20th century average rise. This has far-reaching implications, even for the transport sector. To decarbonise its transport sector, South Africa has committed to reducing its GHG emissions by 34% by 2020 and 42% by 2025, respectively, through pointed strategies and policies. However, efficient implementation of proposed measures and sufficient funding remain daunting challenges. Thus, this paper contends that adequate attention has not been paid to active transport in the country’s transport decarbonisation policy implementation despite its inclusion in policy statements. It then asserts that active transport is indispensable to South Africa’s achievement of its transport decarbonisation goals, especially when steps taken hitherto seem ineffective. Consequently, the right attitudes, regulatory instruments, and policy initiatives towards the promotion of active transport are recommended.
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28

Beck, Ben, Amelia Thorpe, Anna Timperio, Billie Giles-Corti, Carmel William, Evelyne de Leeuw, Hayley Christian, et al. "Active transport research priorities for Australia." Journal of Transport & Health 24 (March 2022): 101288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2021.101288.

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29

Lian, Cheng, and Wei Zhong. "Active control of transport through nanopores." Physics of Fluids 33, no. 7 (July 2021): 071907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0053253.

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30

Sakaguchi, Hidetsugu. "A Langevin Simulation for Active Transport." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 68, no. 5 (May 15, 1999): 1465–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.68.1465.

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31

Stambuk, Boris U., Marcia A. Silva, Anita D. Panek, and Pedro S. Araujo. "Active α-glucoside transport inSaccharomyces cerevisiae." FEMS Microbiology Letters 170, no. 1 (January 1999): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13361.x.

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32

Mallory, Kendall. "Active subclusters in percolative hopping transport." Physical Review B 47, no. 13 (April 1, 1993): 7819–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.47.7819.

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33

Caspi, Avi, Rony Granek, and Michael Elbaum. "Enhanced Diffusion in Active Intracellular Transport." Physical Review Letters 85, no. 26 (December 25, 2000): 5655–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.85.5655.

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34

Inou, Norio. "Active Transport Mechanisms of Small Intestine." Journal of the Society of Mechanical Engineers 97, no. 902 (1994): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemag.97.902_52.

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35

STAMBUK, B., and P. DEARAUJO. "Kinetics of active ?-glucoside transport in." FEMS Yeast Research 1, no. 1 (April 2001): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1567-1356(01)00007-1.

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36

Maier, Florian J., and Thomas M. Fischer. "Transport on Active Paramagnetic Colloidal Networks." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 120, no. 38 (September 20, 2016): 10162–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b07775.

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37

Inesi, Giuseppe. "Problem-based understanding of active transport." Biochemical Education 23, no. 3 (July 1995): 152–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0307-4412(95)00031-w.

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38

Purnichescu-Purtan, Raluca, and Irina Badralexi. "A stochastic model for active transport." Texts in Biomathematics 2 (November 2, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11145/texts.2018.10.277.

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We develop a stochastic model for an intracellular active transport problem. Our aims are to calculate the probability that a molecular motor reaches a hidden target, to study what influences this probability and to calculate the time required for the molecular motor to hit the target (mean first passage time). We study different biologically relevant scenarios, which include the possibility of multiple hidden targets (which breed competition) and the presence of obstacles. The purpose of including obstacles is to illustrate actual disruptions of the intracellular transport (which can result, for example, in several neurological disorders. From a mathematical point of view, the intracellular active transport is modelled by two independent continuous-time, discrete space Markov chains: one for the dynamics of the molecular motor in the space intervals and one for the domain of target. The process is time homogeneous and independent of the position of the molecular motor.
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39

Stammer, A., W. Büssing, and E. U. Schlünder. "Transport phenomena over partially active surfaces." Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification 30, no. 3 (December 1991): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0255-2701(91)85001-5.

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40

Mogaji, Emmanuel, and Chinebuli Uzondu. "Equitable active transport for female cyclists." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 113 (December 2022): 103506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2022.103506.

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41

Suchanek, Michał. "Relations between transport choices and active behaviour." Journal of Management and Financial Sciences, no. 36 (July 30, 2019): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/jmfs.2019.36.5.

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Unhealthy lifestyle choices and passive behaviour are a significant problem for many developed countries. They lead to a decrease in public health in the form of diseases related to contemporary civilization, such as: cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes and obesity. This increases the costs generated in the healthcare system. The share of costs resulting from combating these diseases increases every year.The choice of a transport mode used when commuting is often perceived as one of the factors leading to more proactive behaviour and thus decreasing the externalities not only connected directly with transport such as pollution, noise, congestion and accidents, but also those connected with public health.The paper shows the results of a study performed in Poland, which was meant to identify and measure the relations between the transport choices and other proactive choices of commuters. A logistic regression model was estimated to identify the occurrence and intensity of these relations. The goal of the article is, therefore, to assess whether the choice of a transport mode used when commuting is connected with other types of proactive behaviour of citizens. In particular, the authorwishes to determine if people choosing a car as their mode of transport tend to be generally less active than people choosing public transport or those who commute actively.
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42

Rutschman, D. H., W. Olivera, and J. I. Sznajder. "Active transport and passive liquid movement in isolated perfused rat lungs." Journal of Applied Physiology 75, no. 4 (October 1, 1993): 1574–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.75.4.1574.

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The isolated perfused liquid-filled rat lung in a "pleural bath" was the model used to study liquid exchange across the lung epithelium. Active transport and passive solute movement between the air space, the vascular perfusate, and the bath result in concentration changes of the three markers (Evans blue-tagged albumin, 22Na+, and [3H]mannitol) instilled in the air space. A mathematical model was developed to estimate the active and passive solute transports and to interpret the results. Rat lungs were perfused at left atrial and pulmonary arterial pressures of 0 and 8 mmHg, respectively. Six rat lung experiments were conducted at 37 degrees C and six at 4 degrees C. The normothermic experiments demonstrate that active transport accounts for 26% of the Na+ movement out of the air space (17.3 +/- 0.7 nm/s) and that passive mechanisms account for the remaining 74% (48.0 +/- 5.7 nm/s). Hypothermia inhibits lung liquid clearance but does not affect passive solute movement, suggesting that lung liquid clearance is effected by active Na+ transport mechanisms.
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43

Hollein, Tomáš, Jan Pavelka, and Dagmar Sigmundová. "Active transport of Czech school children in the context of school policies." Tělesná kultura 41, no. 2 (July 12, 2019): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5507/tk.2019.001.

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44

Chaudhary, Rajiv, Kate Farrer, Susan Broster, Louise McRitchie, and Topun Austin. "Active Versus Passive Cooling During Neonatal Transport." Pediatrics 132, no. 5 (October 21, 2013): 841–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2013-1686.

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45

Pavelka, Jan, Dagmar Sigmundova, Zdenek Hamrik, and Michal Kalman. "Active transport among Czech school-aged children." Acta Gymnica 42, no. 3 (June 1, 2012): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5507/ag.2012.014.

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46

&NA;. "Active Bile Salt Transport in the Ileum." Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 10, no. 4 (May 1990): 421–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005176-199005000-00001.

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47

Adelman, Joshua L., Chiara Ghezzi, Paola Bisignano, Donald D. F. Loo, Seungho Choe, Jeff Abramson, John M. Rosenberg, Ernest M. Wright, and Michael Grabe. "Stochastic steps in secondary active sugar transport." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 27 (June 20, 2016): E3960—E3966. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1525378113.

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Secondary active transporters, such as those that adopt the leucine-transporter fold, are found in all domains of life, and they have the unique capability of harnessing the energy stored in ion gradients to accumulate small molecules essential for life as well as expel toxic and harmful compounds. How these proteins couple ion binding and transport to the concomitant flow of substrates is a fundamental structural and biophysical question that is beginning to be answered at the atomistic level with the advent of high-resolution structures of transporters in different structural states. Nonetheless, the dynamic character of the transporters, such as ion/substrate binding order and how binding triggers conformational change, is not revealed from static structures, yet it is critical to understanding their function. Here, we report a series of molecular simulations carried out on the sugar transporter vSGLT that lend insight into how substrate and ions are released from the inward-facing state of the transporter. Our simulations reveal that the order of release is stochastic. Functional experiments were designed to test this prediction on the human homolog, hSGLT1, and we also found that cytoplasmic release is not ordered, but we confirmed that substrate and ion binding from the extracellular space is ordered. Our findings unify conflicting published results concerning cytoplasmic release of ions and substrate and hint at the possibility that other transporters in the superfamily may lack coordination between ions and substrate in the inward-facing state.
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48

PAES, LISVANE S., ROBERT L. GALVEZ ROJAS, ANISSA DALIRY, LUCILE M. FLOETER-WINTER, MARCEL I. RAMIREZ, and ARIEL M. SILBER. "Active Transport of Glutamate inLeishmania(Leishmania)amazonensis." Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 55, no. 5 (September 2008): 382–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.2008.00346.x.

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49

NAKAMURA, YOICHI, TAKASHI MIYAMOTO, MASASHI KOONO, and SACHIYA OHTAKI. "Active Calcium Transport by Porcine Thyroid Microsomes*." Endocrinology 119, no. 5 (November 1986): 2058–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo-119-5-2058.

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50

Bressloff, Paul C., and Bin Xu. "Stochastic Active-Transport Model of Cell Polarization." SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics 75, no. 2 (January 2015): 652–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/140990358.

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