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Burns, Jennifer. "Phenolic antioxidants in red wine : content and activity." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2000. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3534/.
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Sensitive and selective methods were applied to the analysis of two batches of bottled wines. The relationship between the antioxidant activity, based on the reduction in Fremy's radical, vasodilation activity (batch 1 only), and phenolic content was investigated. Wines were selected to provide a range of origins, grape varieties and vinification methods. Batch 1 wines were sourced mainly from the Old World, while those in batch II were predominantly from the New World. The total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric assay and by the cumulative measurements obtained by HPLC. Total anthocyanins were determined using a spectral assay. While the wines exhibited a wide range in values in all parameters, with both batches the total phenol content, determined by both the Folin-Ciocalteu assay and HPLC, was very closely correlated with the ESR-derived antioxidant activity. Likewise a strong correlation was noted between the phenolic content and the vasodilation activity of Batch I wines. The antioxidant activity of Batch I wines was significantly correlated with the gallic acid, total stilbene and total flavin-3-ol content. Similarly with Batch II wines, gallic acid and total flavan-3-ols, along with polymeric pigments were significantly correlated with the ESR-derived antioxidant activity. Batch I and II had significantly different phenolic profiles though in both cases the flavin-3-ols and anthocyanins were quantitatively the major skin-derived phenolics present. However, in thirteen of the sixteen Batch I wines the major phenolics present were the flavin-3-ols compared with only five of the twenty-two Batch II wines. This discrepancy may be attributed to the viticultural practices of the Southern Hemisphere where many of these wines originated.
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Roos, Izak Francois Jakobus. "An activity-based model for managing unstructured content." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-03252009-161748.
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Rodas, Britez Marcelo Dario. "A Content-Based Recommendation System for Leisure Activities." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/242958.
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People’s selection of leisure activities is a complex choice because of implicit human factors and explicit environmental factors. Satisfactory participation in leisure activities is an important task since keeping a regular active lifestyle can help to maintain and improve the wellbeing of people. Technology could help in selecting the most appropriate activities by designing and implementing activities, collecting people profiles and their preferences relations. In fact, recommendation systems, have been successfully used in the last years in similar tasks with different types of recommendation systems. This thesis aims at the design, implementation, and evaluation of recommendation systems that could help us to better understand the complex choice of selecting leisure activities. In this work, we first define an evaluation framework for different recommendations systems. Then we compare their performances using different evaluation metrics. Thus, we explore and try to better understand the user’s preferences over leisure activities. After, having a comprehensive analysis of modelling recommended items and leisure activities, we also design and implement a content-based leisure activity recommendation system to make use of a taxonomy of activities. Moreover, in the course of our research, we have collected and evaluated two datasets obtained one from the Meetup social network and the other from crowd-workers and made them available as open data sources for further evaluation in the recommendation system research community.
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Shikanga, EA, S. Combrinck, and T. Regnier. "South African Lippia herbal infusions: Total phenolic content, antioxidant and antibacterial activities." Elsevier, 2010. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001254.
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Abstract
Lippia javanica and Lippia scaberrima are used as herbal remedies and are commercially traded as health teas in southern Africa under the
brands “Mosukujane” and “Musukudu”, respectively. This study evaluates the relationship between the presence of phenolic compounds and the
antioxidant activities of infusions prepared from four Lippia species (L. javanica, L. scaberrima, L. rehmannii and L. wilmsii) indigenous to South
Africa. The antioxidant activities of the infusions, determined by the 2,2-diphenylpycrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, were also compared to those of
popular black, green and herbal tea brands. Of the four indigenous species, infusions of L. javanica and L. wilmsii exhibited the highest
antioxidant activities (EC50: 358 and 525 μg/ml, respectively) and contained the most phenolic compounds (14.8 and 14.5 mg/ml of dry weight
gallic acid equivalent, respectively). Antibacterial activities of methanolic extracts of the four Lippia species were determined against four human
pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). The extract of L. javanica was the
most active against all the pathogens tested. Those Lippia species (L. javanica and L. wilmsii) previously reported to produce higher levels of the
pharmacologically active phenylethanoid glycosides verbascoside and isoverbascoside, portrayed stronger antioxidant and antibacterial activities.
This study gives credence to the use of infusions of these Lippia species for their general health benefits.
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Wang, Qiong. "The activity and content of calpains in maturing dystrophic muscle membranes." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42729.
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Increased calcium-activated calpain proteolysis in the sarcolemma membrane is thought to be a primary mechanism in the pathophysiology of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). However, few studies have tested this possibility prior to the overt signs of the dystrophy. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that there is greater calpain content and total relative calpain activity in membranes obtained from dystrophic (mdx; mdx:utrophin-deficient (mdx:utrn-/-)) compared to wildtype (wt) mouse skeletal muscles during maturation at ages 7- and 21-d,and at a post-maturation age of 35-d. Calpain activity was determined as the calcium-dependent cleavage of the flurogenic substrate SLY-AMC, and content was determined by Western analysis with an anti-calpain antibody. There were several intriguing findings:
1. There was an inverse relationship between calpain content and relative activity in the whole muscle in both wt and mdx mice from age 7- to 35-d: calpain content decreased, and relative calpain activity increased as the mice aged. This suggests a similar role for calpain in both genotypes, which might relate to specific maturation processes, possibly up to age 21-d. Although the inverse relation was evident at 35-d, the targets for calpain in mdx compared to wt likely differed.
2. The increased relative calpain activity in the membrane fraction of mdx mice at age 35-d (26.73 Arbitrary Units, (AU)) compared to that of age 7- (4.9AU; p<0.05) and 21-d (8.74AU; p<0.05) is temporally related to degeneration and regeneration processes, and may also indicate activation of apoptosis, in mdx muscles at this age.
3. At age 7-d, there were no significant differences in either calpain content or relative calpain activity in all subcellular fractions for wt and mdx mice. This result might suggest similar calpain distribution and activities that are related to the regulation of muscle maturation and differentiation in both genotypes. (Note:data were not obtained for the mdx:utrn-/- mice at age 7-d because of insufficient animals).
4. At age 21-d, there was greater relative calpain activity in the myofibrillar supernatant fraction in mdx (15.13AU) than wt mice (1.18AU; p<0.05). This could indicate calpainâ s role in the initiation of myofibrillar protein turnover and the proteolysis of submembranous networks in the mdx muscles.
5. At age 21-d, greater calpain content in the mdx (1.40ìg) compared to wt (0.23 ìg; p<0.05) membrane fraction might suggest a broader distribution of calpain along membranes that contributes to the onset of dystrophy in the mdx muscles.
6. At age 35-d, there was greater calpain content in the mdx:utrn-/- compared to the wt membrane (0.48ìg vs 0.13 ìg), cytosolic (0.88ìg vs 0.30ìg), and myofibrillar supernatant (0.49ìg vs 0.17ìg; p<0.05 ) fractions This increased content and broad distribution across several subcellular fractions may reflect degeneration and regeneration processes, and potentially activation of apoptosis, in the mdx:utrn-/- muscles.
These data suggest that calpain activity contributes to dystrophic pathophysiology mainly in the membrane fraction of mdx skeletal muscles at age ~21-d, but appears to contribute later at 35-d and in more subcellular fractions in mdx:utrn-/- skeletal muscles.Master of Science
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Komulainen, Jyrki. "Muscle water content and serum creatine kinase activity in exercise-induced damage." Jyväskylä, Finland : LIKES--Research Center for Physical Culture and Health, 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/34903296.html.
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Sampathkumar, Yamuna. "Thermal processing effects on total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, trypsin inhibitor activity and in-vitro protein digestibility of lentils." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=107918.
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Heat pre-treatment of nutrient-rich lentil seeds prior to their processing into flour may enhance its use by reducing processing and preparation times in value added products. In this study, changes in trypsin inhibitor content, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and in-vitro protein digestibility of flours prepared from hulled red lentils and unhulled green lentils were determined subsequent to various processing methods such as oven roasting (OR), boiling and microwave heating (MH). The increasing interest in the phenolic content of plant based food-stuffs made us to assess two different lentil cultivars processed under fixed temperature and time combination. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity (TAC) of 70% acetone lentil extracts were assayed spectrophotometrically at 760nm using Folin-Ciocalteu and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity methods, respectively. Significant differences in phenolic content and antioxidant activity were noted between hulled red and unhulled green lentil varieties. MH (5 min) led to a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in total phenolic content in unhulled green lentil flours (GLF) [8.85 mg GAE/g dry weight (DW) while raw flour comparatively showed lower phenolic content [7.5 mg GAE/g DW]. A similar increase was found after oven-roasting this material for 20 min. The TAC of untreated unhulled green lentil range was around 86%, and it was higher than the value obtained for the flour from untreated hulled red lentils. The increase in TPC of OR samples and microwave-heated samples over untreated ones may reflect reductions in TAC. Flour samples obtained from boiled lentils showed a sharp decrease in TPC and TAC values, which may be attributable to a number of factors in the matrix.Though lentils are rich in protein, their anti-nutritional components, the length of the time required for their preparation, as well as their unfavorable flavor, and reduced protein digestibility have limited their frequency of use for human consumption. By applying heat, anti-nutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitors can be largely removed. Our results show that MH treatment produced significant reduction (P≤0.05) in trypsin inhibitor activity when compared to OR or boiling methods. In- vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) was improved after processing. Longer processing times associated with OR or boiling methods improved IVPD to a greater extent than MH.Keywords: TAC- Total antioxidant activity; GA- Gallic Acid equivalent; Lentils; TPC- Total phenolic content; IVPD- In-Vitro Protein digestibility; MH- Microwave heating; OR- Oven roasting; GLF- Green lentil flours; RLF- Red lentil floursLe prétraitment thermique de lentilles avant de les moudre en farine peut faciliter son utilisation dans la préparation de produits à valeur ajoutée. Cette étude porte sur l'évaluation des effets des prétraitments thermiques par chauffage par torréfaction(CT), par chauffage par microondes (CM), ou par l'eau bouillante (EB), sur la teneur en composés phénoliques totaux (CPT), sur l'activité anti-oxydante totale (AAOT), sur les teneurs en inhibiteur de trypsine, et sur la digestibilité in-vitro des protéines (DIVP). Les essais ont été faits sur des farines obtenues à partir de lentilles rouges décortiquées et de lentilles vertes non decortiquées après l'application des prétraitment thermiques. Les deux varieties de lentilles ont été prétraitées selon des combinaisons déterminées de températures et de durées de traitment. Les teneurs en CPT et l'AAOT ont été évaluées par spectrophotométrie à 760 nm en utilisant la méthode de Folin-Ciocalteu et la méthode DPPH (1, 1- diphényl-2-picrylhydrazyle) de piégeage des radicaux libres. Les résultats ont démontré des différences significatives entre les deux types de lentilles étudiées. Le prétraitement CM (5 min) a conduit à une augumentation significative (P≤0.05) de la teneur en CPT dans les échantillons de farine de lentilles vertes [8.85 mg GAE/g de poids sec (ps) lorsque comparé aux échantillons de farine de lentilles vertes non-traitées [7.5 JEU mg/g ps]. Une tendance similaire a été observée auprés des farines de lentilles vertes torréfiées au four pendant 20 min. L'AAOT des farines de lentilles vertes non-traitées était d'environ 86% et elle était supérieure à celle obtenue à partir de lentilles rouges non-traitées. Les teneurs en CPT observées dans les échantillons traités soit par CT soit par CM étaient plus élevées que celles des échantillons non traitées et peuvent refléter des réductions en AAOT obetnues. Les teneurs en CPT et en AAOT des échantillons obtenues à la suite du prétraitment EB étainet nettement inférieures et peut être attributées à plusieurs facteurs dans la matrice. Bien que les lentilles soit riches en protéines, plusiers facteurs limitent leurs utilisation pour la consommation humaine. Ces principaux facteurs sont : la présence de composants antinutritionnels, le temps nécessaire à la préparation, les saveurs désagréables, et la digestibilité réduites des protéines. On peut réduire l'impacte des facteurs antinutritionnels comme les inhibiteurs de la trypsine par des traitements thermiques. Les résultats ont demontré que l'utilisation du pretraitment CM permettait de réduire significativement (P≤0.05) l'activité des inhibiteurs de trypsine lorsque comparés aux prétraitments CT et EB. Il a aussi été démontré que l'augmentation de la dureé des prétraitments thermiques par CT ou par EB permettait d'accroitre la DIVP. Dans tous les cas étudiés, l'application d'un prétraitment thermique sur les lentilles a permis d'améliorer la DIVP.Mots clés : Lentilles vertes, lentilles rouges, farines, traitements thermiques, composés phénoliques totaux (CPT), activité anti-oxydante totale (AAOT), digestibilité in-vitro des protéines (DIVP), équivalent en acide gallique, chauffage par torréfaction (CT), chauffage par microondes (CM), chauffage par trempage dans l'eau bouillante (EB).
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Uhas, Samantha E. "PARTICIPATING IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AFTER CONSUMING MEALS OF DIFFERING CALORIC CONTENT DOES NOT ALTER APPETITE FOUR HOURS POST ACTIVITY." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1365782653.
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Hofmann, Therese. "Diagnostic methods for the assessment of potential periodontal disease activity /." [S.l : s.n.], 1986. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Sauvé, Sébastien. "Copper and aluminum free ion activity in soil solutions = L'activité inonique du cuivre et de l'aluminium dans des solutions de sols." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23295.
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This thesis reports two new methods developed to study the free ion activity of aluminum and copper. Both methods could be applied to the study of other metals. The first method measures the apparent solubility of aluminum and sulfate in a dynamic, leached system. This system is believed to give a good representation of the field situation where soils are continuously leached and never at equilibrium. This study was done under three sulfate concentrations. The part of the experiment using low sulfate concentrations showed aluminum solubility control by a gibbsite-like solid phase with a log K$ sp circ$ of 7.49. It was also shown, however, that under natural soil solution concentrations of sulfate in acidic forest soils, an interaction with sulfate controls aluminum activity rather than gibbsite solubility equilibria. This interaction is either, an aluminum-sulfate solid phase or, a stoichiometric ion-pair co-adsorption of aluminum and sulfate.The second method is a simple determination of free Cu$ sp{2+}$ in soils using a cupric ion-selective electrode. Free copper has been demonstrated to be the toxicity controlling component in aquatic studies and this study was undertaken to measure free copper activity in soils. The possible interference due to ionic strength variations or the presence of aluminum in the soil solution was checked and found to be negligible. The free activity of copper (pCu$ sp{2+}$) measured in a variety of pristine and contaminated soils varied between 6.33 to 12.20 pCu$ sp{2+}$ units. Total soil copper content and acidity were shown to strongly increase copper solubility and free Cu$ sp{2+}$ activity in the soil solution extracts. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Dimova, Svetoslava. "Foreign Language for Content: Aiming to Develop Lifelong Learning Dispositions." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/msit_diss/97.
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ABSTRACT
FOREIGN LANGUAGE FOR CONTENT: AIMING TO DEVELOP
LIFELONG LEARNING DISPOSITIONS
by
Svetoslava Dimova
In the context of emphasis on English language, mathematics and science within the American educational system (No Child Left Behind, 2001), foreign language education appears to be increasingly dissociated from educational priorities. Ways to create relevant goals and optimize the effects of foreign language teaching emerge through the use of communication technologies and connections to academic content.
This qualitative study explores the relationship between high school students’ skills in French as a foreign language (L2), their cognitive strategies during reading in L2 for academic content, and their motivation to read authentic French texts. The following questions guided the study: 1) How do students internalize the task of self-selected online reading in L2 for content understanding pertaining to their History of the Americas course? 2) What processes and skills do students evidence and draw upon to locate and read for information in L2?, and 3) What are the implications for building a theory of student motivations for extensive reading in L2 beyond the classroom context?
The study was realized in the setting of an International Baccalaureate (IB) program, where 4 key informants were selected, and analysis was presented in the form of 4 case studies. Informants’ French language proficiency ranged from intermediate-mid to advanced levels (ACTFL Guidelines, 1999). Data collection occurred during 8 weeks and included three rounds of formal, phenomenological interviews, classroom observations, and students’ learning journals. Data were analyzed through the lens of Activity theory (Engeström, 1999) and motivation theory (Keller, 2008) in order to determine emerging themes.
While both L2 skills and interest in historical content influenced the task completion, and informants used multiple strategies to search and read, internalization and motivation aspects related to acquiring content superseded those related to increasing language skills. Informants’ differences in attitudes toward the curriculum integrative task were additionally caused by their ideas of content appropriateness in a L2 course. Development of cultural awareness and critical thinking was also primarily shaped by interest in content. Findings from the analysis suggested further directions for L2 classroom instruction that could lead to developing students’ lifelong learning dispositions.
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Alattar, Hasan. "Effect of heat treatment on α-Tocopherol content and antioxidant activity of vegetable oils." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=119680.
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The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of heating on α-Tocopherol content and antioxidant activity of different vegetable oils (EVOO, canola and palm oil). The highest α-Tocopherol content was found in EVOO followed by canola oil and palm oil (323 ±5, 271 ±2 and 174 ±2 µg/ml) respectively. The effect of heat was done at 70, 100 and 130 oC, for time intervals of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 h. Thermal degradation of α-Tocopherol in the oils was minimal at 70 oC and increased at 100 oC and 130 oC. Heating at 130 oC for 2 h resulted in 100, 24 and 44 % degradation of α-Tocopherol in EVOO, canola oil and palm oil respectively; EVOO was completely degraded after 1.5 h heating at 130 oC. Use of 2 cooking methods, pan-frying (250 oC, 5 min) and oven cooking (130 oC, 30 min) resulted in the degradation of α-Tocopherol in the oils. In the pan-frying method, both EVOO and palm oil were completely degraded and canola oil showed 42 % degradation. With the oven cooking method the degradation for EVOO, canola oil and palm oil were 18, 13 and 10 %, respectively. The antioxidant activity was highest with canola oil followed by palm oil and EVOO (59 ±1.72, 51 ±0.84 and 46 ±0.91 %), respectively. At 70 oC there was no significant decrease in the antioxidant activity of the heated oils. At 100 oC, EVOO showed highest reduction in antioxidant activity followed by canola oil and palm oil. At 130 oC, the antioxidant activity decreased gradually in the oil samples. The highest decrease was observed with EVOO followed by canola oil and palm oil. The decrease of antioxidant activity in oil samples was also observed with both pan-frying and oven cooking methods, with greater reduction in antioxidant activity using the pan-frying method.L'objectif de cette recherche a été d'étudier l'effet de la chaleur sur la quantité d'α-tocophérol et sur l'activité antioxydant de différentes huiles végétales (l'huile d'olive extra vierge, l'huile de canola, et l'huile de palme). La quantité la plus élevée d'α-Tocophérol a été trouvée dans l'huile d'olive extra vierge, suivie par l'huile de canola et l'huile de palme (323 ±5, 271 ±2 and 174 ±2 µg/ml) respectivement. L'effet de la chaleur a été étudié à 70, à 100 et à 130 oC durant 0.5, 1, 1.5 et 2 h. La dégradation thermale d'α-Tocophérol dans les huiles a été minimale à 70 °C et a augmenté à 100 et 130 °C. Chauffer à 130 oC durant 2 h a mené à la dégradations de 100, 24 et 44 % d'α-Tocophérol dans l'huile d'olive extra vierge, dans l'huile de canola, et dans l'huile de palme, respectivement; l'huile d'olive extra vierge a été complètement dégradée après 1.5 h de chauffage à 130 oC. L'utilisation de deux différents façons de cuire, l'utilisation de la poêle (250 oC, 5 min) et l'utilisation du four (130 oC, 30 min), a mené à la dégradation d'α-Tocophérol dans les huiles. En utilisant la poêle, l'huile d'olive extra vierge et l'huile de palme ont été complètement dégradées et l'huile de canola a démontré une dégradation de 42 %. En utilisant le four, la dégradation de l'huile d'olive extra vierge, de l'huile de canola, et de l'huile de palme a été de 18, 13 et 10 % respectivement. L'activité antioxydant des échantillons a été le plus élevé avec l'huile de canola, suivi par l'huile de palme et par l'huile d'olive extra vierge (59 ±1.72, 51 ±0.84 et 46 ±0.91 %), respectivement. À 70 oC, il n'y avait pas de réduction significative dans l'activité antioxydant des huiles chauffées. À 100 oC, l'huile d'olive extra vierge a démontré une réduction maximale en activité antioxydant suivi par l'huile de canola et par l'huile de palme. À 130 oC, l'activité antioxydant des huiles a baissé graduellement. La réduction la plus élevée a été observée avec de l'huile d'olive extra vierge, suivie par l'huile de canola et par l'huile de palme. La réduction en activité antioxydant dans les échantillons d'huile a été aussi observée avec les deux façons de cuire, d'où une réduction plus importante en activité antioxydant a été observée en utilisant la poêle.
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Chiremba, Constance. "Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of South African sorghums and of flours and cookies made from them." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11302009-190811/.
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Känel, Roland von. "Factor XII clotting activity and antigen levels in patients with thromboembolic disease /." [S.l : s.n.], 1993. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Madyarov, Irshat. "Contradictions in a Distance Content-Based English as a Foreign Language Course: Activity Theoretical Perspective." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002672.
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Krohm, Patricia. "Anti-nociceptive activity of pre versus postoperative intraarticular bupivacaine in goats undergoing arthrotomy /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Zwahlen, Hugo. "Effects of low-dose "Factor VIII Inhibitor Bypassing Activity (FEIBA)" in resistant heamophilia /." [S.l : s.n.], 1986. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Rankin, Jonathan. "Exploring the Effect of Maternal Physical Activity and Placental Region on Mitochondrial Protein Content and Function in the Placenta." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39339.
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The placenta is responsible for mediating fetal growth and development, thereby influencing health across the lifespan. Physical activity (PA) confers benefits to mother and baby during pregnancy, but little is known about its impact on the placenta. There were two purposes of this study: i) to determine if maternal PA during pregnancy influences placenta mitochondrial protein content and function, and ii) to determine if there were differences in placenta mitochondrial protein content and function in different regions of the placenta, namely proximal or distal to the centre of the placenta. Healthy women between 12-28 weeks gestation were recruited, and free-living PA was objectively assessed at multiple time points during pregnancy using an accelerometer. Participants were grouped by minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) per day. Placenta tissue samples were collected from central and distal placental regions immediately post-birth and were used for two separate analyses. Half of the samples were flash frozen in liquid nitrogen and used for western blot analysis of mitochondrial complex I-V proteins. Fresh mitochondria were isolated from the other half of the samples, and high-resolution respirometry was used to measure placental mitochondrial respiration. There were significant positive correlations between maternal PA and mitochondrial protein content in peripheral tissue samples, but protein content was significantly higher in central tissue compared to peripheral tissue samples. In addition, state 3 respiration was higher in central tissue samples of placentas from participants with high MVPA compared to participants with low MVPA. Finally, complex I protein was higher in central tissue samples of placentas from female offspring compared to placentas of male offspring. However, many of these results are underpowered and further study is warranted. This study provides new avenues to explore the relationship between PA and placenta mitochondria in healthy populations.
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Schwager, Iris. "The effect of human recombinant cytokines on the induction of human macrophage procoagulant activity /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1993. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Brookshire, Sara E. "A study of cigarette advertising content : analysis of model activity in magazine advertisements from 1986-2000." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1272762.
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Since the Surgeon General linked smoking to lung cancer in 1965, controversy has surrounded the tobacco industry and its advertising methods. Research over the past thirty five years has focused on the effect of cigarette advertising on sales, the impact of tobacco advertisements on youth, and the content of the ads.A content analysis conducted by David Altman in 1987 analyzed model activity in cigarette advertisements in magazines from 1960-1985. Altman concluded that tobacco advertisers were targeting youth and women's markets differently through the frequent use of health and vitality themes in the advertisements. The present study is a replication of the 1987 content analysis. The same eight magazines were selected for the years 1986-2000: Cycle World, Ebony, Ladies Home Journal, Mademoiselle, Popular Science, Rolling Stone, Time, and TV Guide. Three coders studied 365 tobacco advertisements and evaluated the act of smoking, the presence of low tar and nicotine claims, and the vitality of smoking themes.The findings indicated an increase in the use of health and vitality themes in cigarette advertisements, just as in the original study. Low tar and nicotine claims, however, decreased in the advertisements in the present study despite having increased in the 1987 data. Also consistent with the original study was the higher frequency of health and vitality themes used in advertisements geared toward youth and women than in those targeting general audiences. The portrayal of the act of smoking decreased in both studies.The researcher concludes that tobacco advertisers continue to target youth and women with health and vitality themes, and therefore violate the industry's advertising code.Department of Journalism
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Sathekge, Ntshakga Rinah. "Comparison of secondary metabolite content and antimicrobial activity of four Hypoxis species used in traditional medicine." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25775.
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Hypoxis (commonly known as African potato, Ilabatheka, Inkomfe, sterretjie or yellow starflowers and also as monna wa maledu or thitidi) is a genus of the family Hypoxidaceae. The rootstocks of Hypoxis species, particularly H. hemerocallidea, are well-known to be used in traditional medicine for the treatment of different ailments, such as urinary tract infection, epilepsy, prostate cancer and onset diabetes. Several visits have been made to the Faraday Medicinal Market and Abey Bailey Nature Reserve in Johannesburg to determine the availability of Hypoxis plant materials. From these visits, it was discovered that different Hypoxis species are harvested and sold as the same plant commonly referred to as the African potato, and the treatment with these plants might be questionable as the secondary metabolites might differ. This was proven when a number of rootstocks bought from the medicinal market grew into plants showing distinct morphological differences when planted at the Agricultural Research Council (Roodeplaat, Pretoria). It is possible that the plants sold are used as the substitutes for the commonly main plant, which is H. hemerocallidea and a reality is that many of the problems related to the quality of medicinal plants are based on the substitution of the declared plants and when the substitution occurs the quality of the plants becomes compromised leading to the risks of public health. It is however, not known whether the substitution is done deliberately or unintentionally since the outward morphology of Hypoxis species are not the same except their bright yellow flowers. The similarity within these species is on their underground rootstock. The dosage and toxicity of plant preparations is extremely important and, therefore adulteration is a concern where plant preparations are taken orally and the information about the plants used not being accurate. The aim of this study was to compare the secondary metabolite content of four Hypoxis species namely, H. acuminata, H. hemerocallidea, H. iridifolia and H. rigidula Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) were used to analyze the secondary metabolite content of the plant extracts. Differences were also noted as one green compound was observed only in H. acuminata and H. rigidula. The HPLC results showed major differences in retention time in fresh material. The antibacterial activity of extracts of all four Hypoxis species showed similar results, although the activity differed amongst the microorganisms. The species showed high level of antioxidant activity that increased with increasing concentration in all four Hypoxis species. The species also showed no toxicity when tested in vitro on Vero cells however, they seemed to be toxic to cancer cells (Hela cells) but with a higher concentration. Hypoxoside was isolated and identified as the purple colour band on the TLC fingerprint and was confirmed in all the species. It might be possible to replace or substitute different Hypoxis species for H. hemerocallidea for medicinal use as the chromatograms of the other three species correlate well with the chromatograms of H. hemerocallidea after storage.Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
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Geissbühler-Vogel, Daniella Maria. "Localization of glucose-6-phosphatase activity and of carbohydrates in boar caput epididymal principal cells /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1997. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Tikk, Tarmo. "Implementing Liikumisretsept (Physical Activity on Prescription) in Estonian healthcare." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-29371.
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Background: Physical Activity on Prescription (PAP) is a proven way to increase physical activity amongst patients in primary healthcare. Despite the scientific support for the method and the fact that it is being used in several countries (for example Sweden and Finland ), Estonia has not implemented this method in the healthcare system. The aim of the study was to describe Estonian healthcare professionals’ views on Liikumisretsept (Physical Activity on Prescription) and problematize the implementation of Liikumisretsept in the Estonian healthcare system.Methods: Twelve semi-structured interviews with Estonian medical professionals were conducted: four with family doctors, two with specialist doctors, two with physiotherapists, and two with healthcare managers. The transcribed texts were analyzed using inductive content analysis.Results: Key findings were that Liikumisretsept was described as a method that helps to support PA as part of the treatment by giving patients clear directions for PA depending on their condition. There is clear support from medical professionals and from the Health Insurance Fund for this method to be implemented in Estonian healthcare. It was found that it is a prescription that every medical professional should know how to prescribe, including physiotherapists. Secondly, main barriers to implementation were identified like lack of awareness, support, education, and the need for better collaboration between all stakeholders. Solutions identified were that there should be educational trainings for medical professionals on how to prescribe Liikumisretsept, promotion of this method through different channels, and having support for Liikumisretsept from national governing bodies like Healthcare Insurance Fund to guarantee the funding for it. Conclusion: Liikumisretsept is seen as a method to provide individual PA guidelines for patients depending on their condition to raise their physical activity. Awareness about PA should be increased amongst medical professionals to support Liikumisretsept as a suitable treatment option. Educational trainings and supportive collaboration from all stakeholders are needed for successful implementation. Keywords: Physical activity, Physical Activity on Prescription, Estonia, Liikumisretsept, Implementation, Organizational readiness for change, Content analysis
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Okuma, Abel. "The Development and Content Validation of an Adult Obesity Educational Program." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3193.
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Overweight and obesity in patients with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are at epidemic levels in the United States. The problem identified for this DNP project is the incidence of overweight and obesity in IDD. The framework used involved the quality model for improvement. For this DNP project a new program called the Daily-Enhanced Physical Activities Program (DEPA) was developed to promote weight loss, reduce sedentary activities, and optimal body mass index (BMI) for IDD patients. Local experts consisting of two registered nurses, two physical therapists, and one direct support personnel working with IDD patients were recruited. Each expert reviewed the newly developed DEPA program using a 10 question, 4-point Likert type scale survey. Results of expert surveys showed expert agreement that daily physical activity is necessary for IDD patients to reduce the risk for other chronic disease related to sedentary lifestyle. Furthermore, all experts 'agreed' that a disability should not prevent a person from engaging in activity to enhance the quality of life. Finally, all experts indicated that the selected population would take advantage of the DEPA project. Social change occurs when IDD patients are engaged with a structured DEPA project to possibly reduce obesity, increase activity and improve BMI.
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Herrera-Calderon, Oscar, Jorge Arroyo-Acevedo, Juan Rojas-Armas, Victor Chumpitaz-Cerrate, Linder Figueroa-Salvador, Edwin Enciso-Roca, and Johnny Tinco-Jayo. "Phytochemical Screening, Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity of Chromolaena laevigata on Human Tumor Cell Lines." SCIENCEDOMAIN international, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622501.
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Aims: Cancer is the first cause of death in the Peruvian population; searching alternative treatments of medicinal plants constitute a promissory field to find new anticancer drugs. The main objective in this study was to evaluate the phytochemical screening, total phenolic content, antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of ethanol extract of Chromolaena laevigata (C. laevigata) on human tumor cell lines. Study Design: The fresh leaves of C. laevigata were soaked with ethanol followed by phytochemical screening using standard methods. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga de Ica, Ica, Peru; Laboratory “Abraham Vaisberg Wolach”, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. Methodology: Phytochemical screening was assessed by using chemical reactives. Total phenolic content (TPC) was developed using Folin Ciocalteu reactive and the antioxidant activity was determined against DPPH and ABTS radicals by spectrophotometry. The cytotoxic activity was determined on human tumor cell lines followed as: MCF-7, H-460, HT-29, M-14, K-562 and DU-145. Results: Phytochemical study confirmed flavonoids and phenolic compounds in ethanol extract. TPC resulted 45.21 ± 3.5 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g of dried extract. The highest antioxidant extract for DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging tests were IC50 = 11.66 ± 1.0 μg/mL, IC50= 12.45 ± 0.50 μg/mL respectively. Ethanolic extracts (μg/mL) showed a low cytotoxicity on human tumor cell lines (CI50 > 20 μg/mL) for DU-145, HT-29, MCF-7 and M-14. Whereas, for H-460, and K562 tumor cell lines showed high cytotoxicity. Conclusion: In our findings, C. laevigata demonstrated a high antioxidant and total phenolic content. The ethanol extract exhibited better cytotoxic effect compared with 5-FU. Hence, This medicinal plant could be effective to prevent chronical diseases as cancer and oxidative stress disorders.
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Stolz, Christan. "Physical activity assessment and health outcomes in old age : how valid are dose-response relationships in epidemiologic studies /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Huang, Jing. "DIFFERENTIAL ACTIVITY AND CONTENT OF HIGH-AFFINITY GLUTAMATE TRANSPORTERS, CONTENT OF THEIR REGULATORY PROTEINS, AND CAPACITY FOR GLUTAMINE AND GLUTATHIONE SYNTHESIS IN TISSUES OF FINISHED VERSUS GROWING STEERS." UKnowledge, 2017. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/animalsci_etds/81.
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Improvement of feeding regimens for production animals has been hindered by a lack of fundamental knowledge about how the capacity to regulate nutrient absorption across cell membranes affects the function of nutrient metabolizing enzymes. The objective is to determine if the activities and protein content of system X-AG glutamate transporter, its regulatory protein (GTRAP3-18 and ARL6IP1), glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutathione (GSH) content, changes in liver (Experiment 1), longissimus dorsi (LM) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SF) (Experiment 2) as beef steers transitioned from predominantly-lean (growing) to -lipid (finished) tissue accretion phases. In liver (Experiment 1), system X-AG activity in canalicular membranes was abolished as steers developed from growing to finished stages but did not change in basolateral membranes. EAAC1 protein content in liver homogenates decreased in finished vs. growing steers, whereas GTRAP3-18 and ARL6IP1 content increased and GLT-1 content did not change. Concomitantly, hepatic GS activity decreased in finished steers whereas GS protein content did not differ. Hepatic GSH content did not differ in finished vs. growing steers. These results demonstrate a negative functional relationship between GTRAP3-18 and system X-AG activity with glutamine synthesis capacity in livers of fattened cattle. In addition to liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissues play important roles in maintaining whole-body glutamate and nitrogen homeostasis. In Experiment 2, Western blot analysis of LM homogenates showed decreased EAAC1 and GS content, whereas GTRAP3-18 and ARL6IP1 did not differ in finished vs. growing steers. GSH content in LM was increased in finished vs. growing steers in concomitance with increased mRNA expression of GSH-synthesizing enzymes. In SF, GTRAP3-18 and ARL6IP1 content was increased, whereas EAAC1 and GS content did not differ. Concomitantly, GSH content in SF was decreased in finished vs. growing steers in parallel with decreased mRNA expression of GSH-metabolizing enzymes. These results demonstrate that the negative regulatory relationship between GTRAP3-18 and ARL6IP1 with EAAC1 and GS expression, which exists in liver, does not exist in LM and SF of fattened cattle; and antioxidant capacity in LM and SF changes and differs as steer compositional gain shifts from lean to lipid phenotype. To further explore the upstream regulatory machinery of EAAC1, transcriptome analysis (Experiment 3) was conducted to gain a greater understanding of hepatic metabolic shifts associated with the change in whole-body compositional gain of growing vs. finished beef steers. The expression of upstream regulators of EAAC1 was decreased in a manner consistent with the decreased EAAC1 activity in Experiment 1. Bioinformatic analysis found that, for amino acid metabolism, finished steers had increased capacities for ammonia, arginine, and urea production, and shunting of amino acid carbons into pyruvate. For carbohydrate metabolism, capacity for glycolysis was inhibited, whereas glycogen synthesis was stimulated in finished steers. For lipid metabolism, finished steers showed decreased capacity for fatty acid activation and desaturation, but increased capacity for fatty acid b-oxidation and lipid storage. In addition, redox capacity and inflammatory responses were decreased in finished steers. Collectively, these data describe novel regulatory relationships of system X-AG in liver and peripheral tissues, and the metabolic mechanisms that control nutrient use efficiency, as beef steers develop from lean to lipid phenotypes.
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Biasio, Irene. "Study of polyphenols content and antioxidant activity of apple samples osmo-dehydrated with sucrose and fruit based solutions." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
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La disidratazione osmotica è una tecnica che permette la riduzione del contenuto d’acqua di un alimento mediante l’immersione dello stesso in una soluzione ad alta pressione osmotica. La differenza in pressione osmotica genera due flussi opposti tra l’alimento e la soluzione osmotica portando a perdita di acqua e contemporaneo arricchimento dell’alimento immerso. Inoltre, utilizzando soluzioni osmotiche con succhi concentrati a base di frutta è possibile migliorare le caratteristiche organolettiche e la composizione del prodotto finale. Infatti, oggigiorno i trend mostrano sempre di più un interesse dei consumatori nei confronti di alimenti funzionali o arricchiti. Tra i composti più noti per la loro attività antiossidante, i polifenoli sono un gruppo eterogeneo di composti che si possono trovare naturalmente in svariati frutti e che mostrano un’elevata capacità antiossidante nei confronti di specie reattive (ROS, RNS). Frutti come il mirtillo (Vaccinium myrtillus) e l’aronia (Aronia melanocarpa) sono particolarmente ricchi in polifenoli, in particolare in antocianine. L’applicazione di un trattamento di disidratazione osmotica precedente all'essiccamento ha dimostrato essere un’ottima tecnica per ottenere un prodotto finale disidratato ed arricchito. Mediante la disidratazione osmotica è possibile ottenere un a importante riduzione del contenuto iniziale d'acqua dell’alimento, riducendo anche i successivi tempi e costi di essiccamento. Lo zucchero presente nelle soluzioni osmotiche protegge l’alimento da modificazioni ,come l’imbrunimento, mantenendo il colore brillante. Inoltre, l’utilizzo di soluzioni osmotiche a base di aronia e mirtillo ha mostrato un aumento della quantità totale di polifenoli e, di conseguenza anche dell’attività antiossidante, che si sono mantenuti tali anche dopo l’essiccamento.
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Stocker, Susi. "Myoelectric activity ot the cecum and proximal loop of the ascending colon in cows after spontaneous cecal dilatation/dislocation /." [S.l : s.n.], 1996. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Pimenta, Ana Catarina Mendes. "Extractos aquosos de Pterospartum tridentatum L. teor de compostos fenólicos totais e actividade antioxidante." Master's thesis, ISA/UTL, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5310.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Alimentar - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaCarqueja, Pterospartum tridentatum L., is a shrub common in mountainous areas and acids land, used in traditional medicine and gastronomy. In order to evaluate the eventual production of extracts of this plant, the effect of harvest period and extraction time on yield, phenolic content (PC) and antioxidant activity (AA) of the extracts was studied. Plant samples, harvested in Malcata and Gardunha mountains, were subjected to consecutive extraction steps in boiling water. After each step the aqueous phase was recovered and liophilized. The highest yield extraction was obtained in the dormancy period, with 46 and 25 % m/m (d.m) in plants of Malcata and Gardunha. It was observed at 120minutes the mass of extract recovered was on average more than 75%. No substantial variation of PC, evaluated by measuring the absorbance at 280nm in aqueous solutions, was observed throughout the consecutive extracts. PC ranged from 245 to 400 mg gallic acid equivalents per g (d.m.). Probably different phenolic compounds are extracted at different rates and there are other compounds co-extracted. The AA was determined by the radical scavenging activity method using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical. The greatest radical scavenging activity was observed in the flowers extracts (2mMTrolox/100g d.m.), no significant differences were observed for the different batches. Due to its AA the results suggest the interest on the production of carqueja extracts.
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Kivoloka, Flávio Pedro. "Estudo para valorização da polpa do fruto da Adansonia digitata L." Master's thesis, ISA/UL, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/9205.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Alimentar - Qualidade e Segurança Alimentar - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaThe present study had as main goal the characterization of Adansonia digitata L .fruit, focusing on three specific aspects: physical and chemical description of the fruit pulp, extraction studies and development of drinks based on baobab pulp. The pulp characterization, showed low values for water activity and humidity, high content in essential minerals and a low pH. The pulp was also characterized regarding the total phenolic compounds, vitamin C and antioxidant activity. The results showed high values of total phenols in aqueous solutions, 512 and 603 mg EAG/100mg at room temperature and at 37ºC respectively, an antioxidant activity of 44,36umolTE/g at room temperature and 49,48umolTE/g to 37ºC, determined by the DPPH method and values of vitamin C of 73mg/100 at 37ºC and 125mg/100g at room temperature. In the extraction studies, the relation between solvent/solute was tested as well the influence of temperature during the extractions (room temperature and 37ºC). In this studies we were able to define the relation 3:1 (solvent/solute) and the temperature of 37ºC as the results with better yields. The last part of this work, was the developing of two drinks based on baobab and banana pulp. With this work we were able to conclude that, baobab pulp presents a good nutritional value and the lyophilization process didn’t changed the proprieties of the analyzed fruit
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Wagner, Kelly. "MEALS OF DIFFERING CALORIC CONTENT DO NOT ALTER PHYSICAL ACTIVITY BEHAVIOR DURING A SUBSEQUENT SIMULATED RECESS PERIOD IN CHILDREN." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1365799741.
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Kinalwa-Nalule, Myra. "Using machine learning to determine fold class and secondary structure content from Raman optical activity and Raman vibrational spectroscopy." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/using-machine-learning-to-determine-fold-class-and-secondary-structure-content-from-raman-optical-activity-and-raman-vibrational-spectroscopy(7382043d-748c-4d29-ba75-67fb35ccdb19).html.
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The objective of this project was to apply machine learning methods to determine protein secondary structure content and protein fold class from ROA and Raman vibrational spectral data. Raman and ROA are sensitive to biomolecular structure with the bands of each spectra corresponding to structural elements in proteins and when combined give a fingerprint of the protein. However, there are many bands of which little is known. There is a need, therefore, to find ways of extrapolating information from spectral bands and investigate which regions of the spectra contain the most useful structural information. Support Vector Machines (SVM) classification and Random Forests (RF) trees classification were used to mine protein fold class information and Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression was used to determine secondary structure content of proteins. The classification methods were used to group proteins into α-helix, β-sheet, α/β and disordered fold classes. The PLS regression was used to determine percentage protein structural content from Raman and ROA spectral data. The analyses were performed on spectral bin widths of 10cm-1 and on the spectral amide regions I, II and III. The full spectra and different combinations of the amide regions were also analysed. The SVM analyses, classification and regression, generally did not perform well. SVM classification models for example, had low Matthew Correlation Coefficient (MCC) values below 0.5 but this is better than a negative value which would indicate a random chance prediction. The SVM regression analyses also showed very poor performances with average R2 values below 0.5. R2 is the Pearson's correlations coefficient and shows how well predicted and observed structural content values correlate. An R2 value 1 indicates a good correlation and therefore a good prediction model. The Partial Least Squares regression analyses yielded much improved results with very high accuracies. Analyses of full spectrum and the spectral amide regions produced high R2 values of 0.8-0.9 for both ROA and Raman spectral data. This high accuracy was also seen in the analysis of the 850-1100 cm-1 backbone region for both ROA and Raman spectra which indicates that this region could have an important contribution to protein structure analysis. 2nd derivative Raman spectra PLS regression analysis showed very improved performance with high accuracy R2 values of 0.81-0.97. The Random Forest algorithm used here for classification showed good performance. The 2-dimensional plots used to visualise the classification clusters showed clear clusters in some analyses, for example tighter clustering was observed for amide I, amide I & III and amide I & II & III spectral regions than for amide II, amide III and amide II&III spectra analysis. The Random Forest algorithm also determines variable importance which showed spectral bins were crucial in the classification decisions. The ROA Random Forest analyses performed generally better than Raman Random Forest analyses. ROA Random Forest analyses showed 75% as the highest percentage of correctly classified proteins while Raman analyses reported 50% as the highest percentage. The analyses presented in this thesis have shown that Raman and ROA vibrational spectral contains information about protein secondary structure and these data can be extracted using mathematical methods such as the machine learning techniques presented here. The machine learning methods applied in this project were used to mine information about protein secondary structure and the work presented here demonstrated that these techniques are useful and could be powerful tools in the determination protein structure from spectral data.
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Furrer, Markus Kurt. "Isolated cytostatic lung perfusion : experimental assessment of different modalities and study of antitumor activity of human recombinant tumor necrosis factor-alpha /." [S.l : s.n.], 1998. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Anegekuh, Louis. "Video content-based QoE prediction for HEVC encoded videos delivered over IP networks." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3377.
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The recently released High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard, which halves the transmission bandwidth requirement of encoded video for almost the same quality when compared to H.264/AVC, and the availability of increased network bandwidth (e.g. from 2 Mbps for 3G networks to almost 100 Mbps for 4G/LTE) have led to the proliferation of video streaming services. Based on these major innovations, the prevalence and diversity of video application are set to increase over the coming years. However, the popularity and success of current and future video applications will depend on the perceived quality of experience (QoE) of end users. How to measure or predict the QoE of delivered services becomes an important and inevitable task for both service and network providers. Video quality can be measured either subjectively or objectively. Subjective quality measurement is the most reliable method of determining the quality of multimedia applications because of its direct link to users’ experience. However, this approach is time consuming and expensive and hence the need for an objective method that can produce results that are comparable with those of subjective testing. In general, video quality is impacted by impairments caused by the encoder and the transmission network. However, videos encoded and transmitted over an error-prone network have different quality measurements even under the same encoder setting and network quality of service (NQoS). This indicates that, in addition to encoder settings and network impairment, there may be other key parameters that impact video quality. In this project, it is hypothesised that video content type is one of the key parameters that may impact the quality of streamed videos. Based on this assertion, parameters related to video content type are extracted and used to develop a single metric that quantifies the content type of different video sequences. The proposed content type metric is then used together with encoding parameter settings and NQoS to develop content-based video quality models that estimate the quality of different video sequences delivered over IP-based network. This project led to the following main contributions: (1) A new metric for quantifying video content type based on the spatiotemporal features extracted from the encoded bitstream. (2) The development of novel subjective test approach for video streaming services. (3) New content-based video quality prediction models for predicting the QoE of video sequences delivered over IP-based networks. The models have been evaluated using subjective and objective methods.
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Allmann-Iselin, Isabelle. "Bovine ENA-78 (boENA-78) : a new monocyte-derived cytokine of the interleukin-8 family : isolation, amino acid sequence, and functional activity /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1994. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Kapor-Drezgic, Jovana. "High glucose alters mesangial cell protein kinase C activity and isoform cellular content and localization, role of the polyol pathway." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0003/MQ40808.pdf.
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WANG, GAI. "Effect of Frozen Storage on Antioxidant Capacity, Polyphenol Oxidase Activity, and Phenolic and Flavonoid Content and Color of Pawpaw Pulp." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1373373703.
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Serem, June Cheptoo. "An exploratory investigation into the physicochemical, antioxidant and cellular effects of a selection of honey samples from the Southern African region." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24881.
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The unique floral biodiversity of Southern Africa would be reflected in the phenolic acid and flavonoid composition as well as the antioxidant activity of honeys from this region. In this exploratory investigation the total polyphenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) content, antioxidant activity as well as the cellular protective effects of a selection of honeys collected in this region was evaluated. Thirteen honey samples representative of the Western Cape (WCa, WCb and WCc), Eastern Cape (ECa, ECb and ECc), South East Mozambique (SEMa, SEMb and SEMc) and Agricultural: A-E (Eucalyptus) (A-E1 and A-E2), A-L (Litchi) and A-O (Orange) were collected. These samples were subjected to physicochemical analysis, the antioxidant content (TPC and TFC) and both enzymatic (catalase activity) and non-enzymatic activity, using the 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) and oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC) assays was determined. From the DPPH, TEAC and ORAC data the Relative Antioxidant Capacity Index (RACI) was calculated. To determine whether high antioxidant activity translates into significant cellular protection, biological and cellular assays were undertaken. Using the pBR322 plasmid assay and the erythrocyte haemolysis assay the ability of honeys to protect against 2,2’-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) oxidative damage was evaluated. Further evaluation was undertaken in the SC-1 fibroblast cell line and the physiologically more relevant Caco-2 cell line. Toxicity and antioxidant effects were evaluated in the SC-1 cell line while antioxidant effects were only evaluated in the Caco-2 cell line. The long-term mitogenic and toxic effects were determined in the SC-1 cell line using the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), Neutral Red (NR) and Crystal Violet (CV) assays. Short term, total- and intracellular antioxidant effects were determined in both cell lines using the dichlorofluorescein diacetate assay (DCFH-DA) assay. For all cellular experiments honey at concentrations of 0.01% and 1% were used. The physiochemical properties of the honeys evaluated fulfilled the regulatory standards compiled in the Codex Alimentarius (CODEX STAN12-1981 revision 2001). The results were as follows: SEMb had the highest TPC (167.96 mg GAE/100g) and TFC (51.60 mg CE/100g) while A-E2 had the highest catalase (38.48 µmol H2O2/g) activity. RACI revealed that WCb had the highest antioxidant activity.SEMc showed the highest protection of plasmid DNA against oxidative-induced strand breaks while SEMa showed the highest protection of erythrocytes against AAPH-induced haemolysis. Although correlations were found between antioxidant content and antioxidant activity assays, no correlation was found these parameters and the biological assays. For the long-term cytotoxicity assay, AAPH showed significant cytoxicity at 0.78mM, 1.56mM and 0.28mM when measured using the MTT, NR and CV assays, respectively. Some honeys 4/13 and 3/13 showed a mitogenic effect at a concentration of 0.01% and 1% respectively. Toxic effects, were observed for 1/13 and 8/13 at 0.01% and 1% honey respectively. Toxicity after 72 h exposure varied from 10-30% (CV assay). The same concetrations of honey was used to determine the short-term, 2h, antioxidant effects in both the SC-1 and Caco-2 cell lines. No oxidative effect was found for all honeys at these concentrations. For the DCFH-DA assay using the SC-1 cell line at 1%, 12/13 and 7/13 honeys showed total and intracellular protection respectively. The highest extracellular protection was for SEMa (% Protection (%P) = 95) and SEMb (%P = 93). Intracellular protection was the highest for SEMc (%P = 21) and A-L (%P = 20). At 0.01%, 7/13 and 8/13 honeys exhibited total and intracellular protection, respectively. For both the highest protection was found for SEMc (%P = 43, total and %P = 30, intracellular). For the Caco-2 cell line at 1%, 11/13 and 4/13 showed total and intracellular protection, respectively. Of these the highest extracellular protection was for SEMb (% Protection (%P) = 90). Intracellular protection was the highest for ECa (%P = 28) and WCc (%P = 26). At 0.01%, 4/13 and 8/13 honeys showed total and intracellular protection respectively. The highest extracellular protection was found for SEMc (%P = 62) and intracellular protection was ECc (%P = 28). The SC-1 cell line was found to be the most sensitive to the antioxidant effects of honey compared to the Caco-2 cell line. The honeys SEMa, SEMb and SEMc showed protection against oxidative damage in both cell lines. In conclusion, the antioxidant activity of honeys from Southern Africa is of a high quality. The WC, SEM and EC honeys showed the highest antioxidant effects and could provide health benefits against diseases associated with oxidative stress as indicated by these results. CopyrightDissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
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Ye, Liyun. "Antioxidant Activity of Ampelopsis Grossedentata Crude Extract and its Major Component Dihydromyricetin." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76833.
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Oxidation limits the shelf life of many food products. Adding antioxidants to foods is the most common way to solve this problem. Reports on safety issues of synthetic food additives have raised consumer interest in "all natural" foods, without added antioxidants or with synthetic replaced with natural antioxidants. The natural antioxidants now in use are much more expensive and less potent than the synthetic antioxidants. Thus, effective and economical natural antioxidants are of great interest to researchers. Teng Cha is a type of herbal tea found in China that has reported high levels of antioxidants. Antioxidant activity of Teng Cha extract and its major component dihydromyricetin has been reported, but no studies have provided clear evidence for the antioxidant effectiveness of Tech Cha extracts. The goal of this study was to measure the antioxidant activity of Teng Cha extract and dihydromyricetin (DHM), a major component of Tech Cha extract. The DPPH assay was conducted and antioxidant activities of the crude extract and dihydromyricetin were evaluated in soybean oil based on the peroxide value, anisidine value, Totox value, headspace volatiles and headspace oxygen. Antioxidant effectiveness was also evaluated in a cooked beef model system. DHM was more potent than BHA in preventing soybean oil oxidation. The crude extract was not as effective as BHA and DHM, possibly because it contained transition metals. In cooked beef, DHM and the crude extract showed lower activity than BHA, possibly due to their low solubility. Overall, Teng Cha extract and DHM are potential natural food antioxidants for future applications.Master of Science in Life Sciences
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Scott, Marcia Kelly. "Examination of diet, physical activity, biomarkers of bone mineralization, bone mineral content and body composition in children between 5 years of age and puberty." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Food Science and Human Nutrition, 2008.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Mar. 30, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 148-165). Also issued in print.
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Sharmsar, Behrouz. "Content and Focus of Dissertations in the College of Education at North Texas State University from 1975 through 1986." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332005/.
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The problem of this study was to determine the degree and level of research activity in the College of Education at North Texas State University through an examination of the doctoral dissertations produced by its graduates.
The study had three basic purposes. One purpose was to analyze the dissertations in terms of types of study, focus of each study, subject headings of each study, design characteristics, statistical treatment of data, general results of experimental studies and data collection techniques. The second purpose was to synthesize the data of the present study with that obtained by Novak in her study, in order to provide an overall description of the characteristics of dissertation research in the College of Education from 1953 through 1986. The third purpose was to examine the research activity taking place in the College of Education in terms of the quality of dissertations produced by its graduates.
Seven hundred and ninety-five dissertations were the sources of data for this study. The format developed and validated by Novak in her study of dissertation research from 1953 through 1974 was used in the analysis of the dissertations completed from 1975 through 1986.
Based on the findings of this study, the following conclusions were drawn.
The format developed by Novak in 1975 can be used to analyze dissertations completed during the years from 1975 through 1986.
The degree and level of research activity in the College of Education can be assessed through an analysis of the dissertations produced by its graduates.
Doctoral candidates are using statistical methods and computers to analyze and manipulate data more often.
There is an indication that doctoral candidates are beginning to use a wider variety of data-gathering techniques.
Four recommendations are drawn from the study.
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Jarvius, Malin. "Visualization of Protein Activity Status in situ Using Proximity Ligation Assays." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Molekylära verktyg, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-131934.
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In 2001 the human proteome organization (HUPO) was created with the ambition to identify and characterize all proteins encoded in the human genome according to several criteria; their expression levels in different tissues and under different conditions; the sub-cellular localization; post-translational modifications; interactions, and if possible also the relationship between their structure and function.When the knowledge of different proteins and their potential interactions increases, so does the need for methods able to unravel the nature of molecular processes in cells and organized tissues, and ultimately for clinical use in samples obtained from patients. The in situ proximity ligation assay (in situ PLA) was developed to provide localized detection of proteins, post-translational modifications and protein-protein interactions in fixed cells and tissues. Dual recognition of the target or interacting targets is a prerequisite for the creation of a circular reporter DNA molecule, which subsequently is locally amplified for visualization of individual protein molecules in single cells. These features offer the high sensitivity and selectivity required for detection of even rare target molecules. Herein in situ PLA was first established and then employed as a tool for detection of both interactions and post-translational modifications in cultured cells and tissue samples. In situ PLA was also adapted to high content screening (HCS) for therapeutic effects, where it was applied for cell-based drug screening of inhibitors influencing post-translational modifications. This was performed using primary cells, paving the way for evaluation of drug effects on cells from patient as a diagnostic tool in personalized medicine. In conclusion, this thesis describes the development and applications of in situ PLA as a tool to study proteins, post-translational modifications and protein-protein interactions in genetically unmodified cells and tissues, and for clinical interactomics.
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Torstensson, Mia. "Äldres erfarenhet av att genomföra fysisk aktivitet regelbundet och dess påverkan på deras livskvalitet : – en intervjustudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle (HOS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-16310.
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Fysisk inaktivitet är en riskfaktor för de vanligaste folksjukdomarna så som hjärt-kärlsjukdomar, hög blodtryck, osteoporos och depression. Studier visar på ett samband mellan regelbunden fysik aktivitet och ökad livskvalitet bland äldre. Syftet med studien var att beskriva äldres erfarenhet av att genomföra fysisk aktivitet regelbundet och dess påverkan på deras livskvalitet. Kvalitativ metod valdes och 10 intervjuer genomfördes med äldre över 70 år. Data analyserades med innehållsanalys. Resultatet som framkom bildade tre kategorier; höjer välbefinnandet i vardagen, har en funktion i vardagen och påverkan i vardagen. Det latenta innehållet redovisades i temat: skapar möjligheter till meningsfullhet i vardagen. Slutsatsen blev att regelbunden fysisk aktivitet bidrar till höjt välbefinnande och ökad känsla av meningsfullhet i vardagen; vilket tyder på att regelbuden fysisk aktivitet kan förbättra äldres livskvalitet. Med en åldrande befolkning behövs hälsofrämjande insatser för äldre vilket exempelvis kan ske genom att fler kommuner inför gruppträning i gym med närvarande instruktör för äldre. Förslag på fortsatt forskning är att undersöka äldre som är fysiskt inaktiva och deras upplevelse av barriärer och motivationsfaktorer för ökad fysisk aktivitet.Physical inactivity is a risk factor for the most common public diseases like cardiovascular diseases, high blood pressure, osteoporosis and depression. Studies show a relationship between regular physical activity and increased quality of life among elderly. The purpose of this study was to describe the experience of physical activity regularly and the effect on quality of life among elderly. Qualitative method was chosen and ten interviews were conducted with elderly over 70 years. Data were analyzed with content analysis. The result that were produced found tree categories; increases well-being, have a function in everyday life and effects everyday life. The latent content was shown in the team: creates possibilities for increased meaningfulness in everyday life. The conclusion was that regular physical activity contributes to better well-being and meaningfulness in everyday life; this show that regular physical activity may improve quality of life among elderly. With an aging population there is a need for increased health promotion activities towards elderly for example group exercise for elderly with an instructor present. The suggestion for continues studies is to investigate physical inactivity among elderly and there experience of barriers and motivation factors towards physical activity.
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Paredes, Breezy Pilar Martinez. "Teenagers Digital Content Activity: Antecedents and Measurement in Cusco-Peru Context." Tese, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/121083.
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Paredes, Breezy Pilar Martinez. "Teenagers Digital Content Activity: Antecedents and Measurement in Cusco-Peru Context." Doctoral thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/121083.
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Shaw, Mark. "Content Specificity of the Contralateral Delay Activity." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/42919.
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The neural signature and cognitive architecture of how a visual stimulus reaches conscious awareness have not been conclusively determined. Recently, we have reported an ERP activity corresponding with a period of perceptual persistence which has been typically reported in working memory research, known as the contralateral delay activity (CDA). Specifically, we reported how the CDA can be used to track how on object fades in out of consciousness. Here, we report on the behaviour of the CDA when the type of item in this paradigm is manipulated between face, animal and object stimuli. We recorded EEG activity while participants viewed a bilateral Shape-from-Motion display and analyzed where and how large a CDA is observed. Our findings show that the CDA is generalizable to different item types fading from awareness, with no differences between item conditions. This work supports the content-invariant involvement of working memory processes in sustaining conscious awareness.
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Dearman, David A. "Using Community Authored Content to Identify Place-specific Activities." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/32695.
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Understanding the context of a person’s interaction with a place is important to enabling ubiquitous computing applications. The ability for mobile computing to provide information and services that are relevant to a user’s current location—which is central to the vision of ubiquitous computing—requires that the technologies be able to characterize the activities that a person may potentially perform in place, whatever this place may be. To support the user as she goes about her day, this ability to characterize the potential activities for a place must support work on a city scale.
In this dissertation, we present a method to process place-specific community-authored content (e.g., Yelp.com reviews) to identify a set of the potential activities (articulated as verb-noun pairs) that a person can perform at a specific place and apply this method for places on a city scale. We validate the method by processing the place-specific reviews authored by community members of Yelp.com and show that the majority of the 40 most common verb-noun pairs are true activities that can be performed at the respective place; achieving an average mean precision of up to 79.3% and recall of up to 55.9%. We applied this method by developing a Web-service (the Activity Service) that automatically processes all the places reviewed for a city and provides structured access to the activity data that can be identified for the respective places. To validate that the place and activity data is useful and useable, we developed and evaluated two applications that are supported by the Activity Service: Opportunities Exist and Vocabulary Wallpaper. In addition to these applications, we conducted a design contest to identify other types of applications that can be supported by the Activity Service. Finally, we discuss limitations of the activity data and the Activity Service, and highlight future considerations.
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Yang, I.-lun, and 楊一倫. "The Information Content of Trading Activity Evidence from VIX Futures." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52251814129641786246.
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碩士國立中山大學
財務管理學系研究所
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In this study, we focus on the VIX futures market to investigate whether this market predicates VIX futures quotes and S&;P500 realized volatility. We use the intraday datafrom November 2004 to January 2011.The volume is being differenced with buyer-initiated volumeand seller-initiated volume, which calculates trade volume, dollar volume and number of trade. We find the price changes can be predicted by contemporaneous and lagged trade activity. Specifically, the interrelationships among VIX quote returns and net trade volume, net dollar volume, and net number of trade are analyzed using a VAR model. Our results reveal the existence of information effect and a significantly positive relationship between quote returns and trade activity, but we do not find out the interrelationshipswith VIX quote returns and total trade volume, total dollar volume, and total number of trade. This paper use three methods to calculate S&;P500’s realized volatility in order to analyze the relationship with realized volatility and VIX futures’ volume. We use lagged realized volatility, VIX index and cycle as control variables that realized volatility can notto be explained by control variables so trade volume variables are insignificant in our results.
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Karadkar, Unmil Purushottam. "MIDAS: Multi-device Integrated Dynamic Activity Spaces." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10428.
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Mobile phones, tablet computers, laptops, desktops, and large screen displays are increasingly available to individuals for information access, often simultaneously. Dominant content access protocols, such as HTTP/1.1, do not take advantage of this device multiplicity and support information access from single devices only. Changing devices means restarting an information session. Using devices in conjunction with each other poses several challenges, which include the presentation of content on devices with diverse form factors and propagation of the content changes across these devices. In this dissertation, I report on the design and implementation of MIDAS - architecture and a prototype system for multi-device presentations. I propose a framework, called 12C, for characterizing multi-device systems and evaluate MIDAS within this framework.
MIDAS is designed as a middleware that can work with multiple client-server architectures, such as the Web and context-aware Trellis, a non-Web hypertext system. It presents information content simultaneously on devices with diverse characteristics without requiring sensor-enhanced environments. The system adapts content elements for optimal presentation on the target device while also striving to retain fidelity with the original form from a human perceptual perspective. MIDAS reconfigures its presentation in response to user actions, availability of devices, and environmental context, such as a user's location or the time of day.
I conducted a pilot study that explored human perception of similarity when image attributes such as size and color depth are modified in the process of presenting images on different devices. The results indicated that users tend to prefer scaling of images to color-depth reduction but gray scaling of images is preferable to either modification. Not all images scale equally gracefully; those dominated by natural elements or manmade structures scale exceptionally well. Images that depict recognizable human faces or textual elements should be scaled only to an extent that these features retain their integrity.
Attributes of the 12C framework describe aspects of multi-device systems that include infrastructure, presentation, interaction, interface, and security. Based on these criteria, MIDAS is a flexible infrastructure, which lends itself to several content distribution and interaction strategies by separating client- and server-side configuration.