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Voida, Stephen. "Exploring user interface challenges in supporting activity-based knowledge work practices." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24721.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.Committee Chair: Mynatt, Elizabeth D.; Committee Member: Abowd, Gregory D.; Committee Member: Edwards, W. Keith; Committee Member: MacIntyre, Blair; Committee Member: Moran, Thomas P.
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Olausson, Jesper. "Energy efficiency in a renovated modern office with activity-based work style." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Energisystem och byggnadsteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-30113.
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During renovation Ljusåret 2 was converted to a modern office with an activity based work style (ABW) with a Demand Controlled Volume (DCV) ventilation system connected to a closed-loop duct. Cooling is provided through air handling units and active water based beams, the underfloor heating system was kept. Written instruction and specification have been studied for the two different control systems Schneider EcoStructure and Lindinspect. Both control systems have been analyzed according to time schedule, set-point and process value by using different functions in software. To be able to perform a energy audit and look at indoor climate for Ljusåret 2 there have been studies according to underfloor heating, constructions of ventilation system, diversity factor for DCV, closed-loop-ducts, heat losses from ducts, cooling demand and energy certification. According to this audit, energy performance is calculated to 89.1 kWh/m2 according to building energy, activity energy is not audited or calculated. During design phase, an energy calculation was made by an energy consultant with the result of 81.3 kWh/m2. The estimated performance is a 9.6 % increase. This building is designed for Miljöbyggnad certification of level silver and should be ≤ 109 kWh/m2,year. According to audit and calculation for energy performance this level is possible to keep. The estimated energy performance have been calculated with only 4 month of statistics from January until April 2019 because Ljusåret 2 have just been renovated. District heating has been estimated through the energy signature by data from energy meter. Electrical components for the building have been measured and energy usage calculated. Energy produced by compression chiller have been estimated with calculated performance from design phase and adding heat transfer between rooms and supply ducts. Energy between rooms and supply ducts were not included in energy calculation during the design phase. According to the control system for the DCV system there have been some issues with high temperature in supply ducts even when they are supplied with 15 ºC from air- handling unit. There have been measurement to the ventilation system 5701-5704 that is connected to a close-loop duct with a result of temperatures between 15.2 ºC up to 21.4 ºC and the velocity has varied between 0.05-2.1 m/s in different measurement spots. This is an increase of 6.4 ºC. A heat transfer calculation have been made in Paroc Calculus to estimate heat transfer between room and supply ducts. The results of this calculation indicates the same level of temperature increases as when the system was measured. With no thermal insulation cooling capacity is lost to half after less than 5 m with a velocity of 0.2 m/s, after 15 m with a velocity of 1 m/s and 30 m with a velocity of 2 m/s . This should be compared with supply duct with 20 mm of thermal insulation that has lost its cooling capacity after less than 13 m with a velocity of 0.2 m/s, after 63 m with a velocity of 1 m/s and is increase with 4 ºC after 100 m with a velocity of 2 m/s. Using closed-loop ducts with velocity below 2.0 m/s and without thermal insulation combined with under tempered supply air is not a good combination. Even short length with low velocity and lack of thermal insulation is devastating because of heat transfer according to logarithmical temperature difference between room and supply ducts. A closed-loop duct is often designed as a pressure chamber and recommended when using DCV and/or VAV ventilation to avoid problems with noise and to be able to reduce the need of dampers. Problems with temperature increasing according to velocity in ducts must be taken in consideration. For Ljusåret 2 this will affect district heating usage where ducts are placed because underfloor heating must compensate heat transfer. Chilled water must be provided an extra time for rooms with both DCV and chilled beams and rooms with only DCV is less comfortable which they could been with a correct installation.
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Siberg, Kina. "Införande av aktivitetsbaserat kontor : -medarbetarnas upplevelse." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-24890.
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Forskning har visat att vilken typ av kontorsmiljö ett företag har påverkar medarbetarnas välmående och arbetstillfredsställelse. Det har även påvisats ett samband mellan arbetstillfredsställelse och de anställdas produktivitet. Syftet med denna studie är att öka förståelsen för hur införandet av ett aktivitetsbaserat kontor kan upplevas av de berörda medarbetarna och hur de upplever att deras arbetssätt, arbetstillfredsställelse och produktivitet förändrats. I aktivitetsbaserade kontor är alla arbetsplatser gemensamma och medarbetarna väljer arbetsplats beroende på typ av arbetsuppgift. Studien är utförd på ett stort industriföretag i Västsverige som infört aktivitetsbaserat arbetssätt. Datainsamlingen skedde genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med 10 tjänstemän vilka bestod av lika många män som kvinnor. Analysen gjordes genom en deduktiv innehållsanalys. Införandet av aktivitetsbaserat kontor har resulterat i ökad kommunikation och ökat samarbete mellan avdelningar och medarbetare. Medarbetarna upplever lika eller en ökad arbetstillfredsställelse och produktivitet i den nya miljön. Författaren upplever införandet av aktivitetsbaserat kontor som framgångsrikt.
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Schmidt, Benedikt [Verfasser], Max [Akademischer Betreuer] Mühlhäuser, and Albrecht [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmidt. "Information Work Support Based on Activity Data / Benedikt Schmidt. Betreuer: Max Mühlhäuser ; Albrecht Schmidt." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1112268510/34.
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Westerlund, Johanna. "Uppfattningen av aktivitetsbaserade arbetsplatser : En kvantitativ studie om hur aktivitetsbaserade arbetsplatser uppfattas av anställda inom en kunskapsintensiv organisation." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för handel och företagande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15765.
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Den tekniska utvecklingen i kombination med att organisationer blir allt mer kunskapsintensiva har fött nya arbetssätt som kräver ett nytt sätt att utforma arbetslokaler. Det moderna kontorskonceptet aktivitetsbaserade arbetsplatser innebär att en arbetsplats är utformad efter de arbetsuppgifter som sker inom organisationen. Tidigare forskning och studier visar på flera fördelar med konceptet men få stämmer överens med hur de anställda uppfattar det i praktiken. Därav är syftet med den aktuella studien att undersöka hur anställda inom en kunskapsintensiv organisation uppfattar en aktivitetsbaserad arbetsplats. För att generera en helhetsbild över hur anställda inom en kunskapsintensiv organisation uppfattar en aktivitetsbaserad arbetsplats användes en kvantitativ metod i form av en webbaserad enkät. Respondenterna bestod av anställda på ett företag inom revisionsbranschen och resultatet styrker tidigare forskning inom ämnet där fördelar som bättre kommunikation och samarbete ökar samtidigt som de skapar koncentrationssvårigheter för många anställda. Det visar sig även att anställda anpassar sig olika till det nya konceptet beroende på hur delaktiga de upplever att de fått vara i utformningen av den aktivitetsbaserade arbetsplatsen. Vidare tyder resultatet på att vissa faktorer som är viktiga för att anställda ska trivas på sin arbetsplats såsom att kunna reglera luft-, ljus- och ljudnivå där de arbetar, försvinner i samband med implementeringen av en aktivitetsbaserad arbetsplats. Sammanfattningsvis styrker resultatet tidigare studier om att den aktivitetsbaserade arbetsplatsen inte är lämpad för alla anställda och skulle behöva utvecklas för att gynna alla delar inom en organisation.Technological development in combination with organizations becoming increasingly knowledge-intensive, has given rise to new ways of working that call for new ways of designing workplaces. The modern office concept activity-based workplaces means that all workplaces are designed according to the overall work tasks that occur within the organization. Earlier research and studies show several advantages with the concept, but few of them correspond to how the employees perceive it in practice. Hence, the purpose of the current study is to investigate how employees in a knowledge-intensive organization perceive an activity-based workplace. To generate an overall picture of how employees in a knowledge-intensive organization perceive an activity-based workplace, a quantitative method in the form of a web-based survey was used. Respondents consisted of employees in an audit firm and the result reinforces previous research on the subject, where benefits such as better communication and collaboration increases, while on the other hand creates concentration difficulties for many employees. It also turns out that employees adapt differently to the new concept depending on how involved they feel they have been in the design of the activity-based workplace. Furthermore, the result indicates that certain factors that are important for employees to appreciate their workplace, such as being able to regulate airing, light and noise levels where they work, disappear due to the implementation of the activity-based workplace. In sum, the study confirms previous research, showing that the activity-based workplace is not suitable for all employees and would need to be further developed and adapted in order to benefit all parts of an organization.
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Tsao, Allison. "Examining the effects of activity based working on employees' work-life integration, well-being, and productivity." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10142044.
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Profound changes are happening in the globalized work environment, challenging the existing way individuals operate at work and the traditional role of the workplace. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the physical and social work environment through the lens of activity based working (ABW) to understand the effects ABW had on an individual’s ability to integrate their work and nonwork lives and how this contributed to wellbeing and productivity. Twenty qualitative interviews were conducted across three Australian-based organizations that had implemented ABW. By studying the pre and post change impacts through the lens of Person-Environment Fit Theory and Self-Determination Theory (SDT), the study presented findings that identify a strong linkage between the physical and social environments and how this linkage is able to fulfill an individual’s psychological needs—relatedness, autonomy, and competence—as defined by SDT. The study identified a greater sense of relatedness as the main benefit of an ABW intervention and suggested that there is a greater role for authenticity to play in the workplace in order to foster greater levels of autonomy. The study also identified competence as an area that organizations should focus more on in order to build and sustain the necessary skills and capabilities to work in an ABW environment. Participants described benefits to mental and physical health and wellbeing as well as productivity as a result of the ABW intervention.
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Engslätt, Frida. "Technology and Gamification at Work." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-208970.
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Activity-based workplaces are offices where the employees share workplaces and choose where to work based on their current activity. The aim is to make the work more efficient, but studies have shown that activity-based workplaces are not being used as intended. This can create different types of friction for employees, and produce negative energy, decreasing the employee satisfaction and efficiency in the workplace. Gamification is a term which is growing in the field of enterprise and organisations, and is being used as a tool to motivate people and direct their activity. According to the theoretical approach Human Work Interaction Design, it is important to examine how technical solutions can be designed to facilitate the employees in different work domains. Therefore, an interesting research problem is to examine how gamification can be used in an activity-based workplace. The research question in this study is which game design elements can be included in an IT-based system to reduce friction in an activity-based workplace. Through interviews at two different companies with activity-based workplaces, this paper shows that the use of resources, a lack of understanding of the concept ABW, the physical environment as well as a different type of social interaction are the major causes of friction. Three game design elements which affect employees intrinsic motivation and therefore have a long-term impact have been chosen. The suggestion is to implement a performance graph, a narrative and social connection elements to reduce friction in activity-based workplaces. These game design elements direct employees use of the workplace, and therefore increase their efficiency and satisfaction.Aktivitets-baserade kontor är kontor där de anställda delar arbetsplatser och väljer arbetsplats beroende på vilken aktivitet de ska utföra. Målet är att göra arbetet mer effektivt, men studier visar på att aktivitets-baserade kontor inte används som de är tänkta. Detta skapar olika typer av friktion för de anställda samt producerar negativ energi, vilket minskar de anställdas tillfredsställelse och effektivitet på arbetsplatsen. Spelifiering är ett begrepp som blivit känt inom företag och organisationer och används för att motivera människor och rikta deras aktiviteter. Enligt den teoretiska inriktningen Människa Arbete Interaktionsdesign är det viktigt att undersöka hur tekniska lösningar kan designas för att underlätta för de anställda i olika arbetsdomäner. Ett intressant forskningsområde är därför att undersöka hur spelifiering kan användas i ett aktivitets-baserat kontor. Frågeställningen i den här studien är vilka spelelement som kan implementeras i ett IT-baserat system för att minska friktion i ett aktivitets-baserat kontor. Genom intervjuer på två företag som arbetar i aktivitets-baserat kontor visar denna studie att användningen av resurser, en saknad av förståelse för konceptet aktivitets-baserat kontor, den fysiska miljön samt den sociala interaktionen är de huvudsakliga orsakerna till friktion. Tre spelelement som påverkar de anställdas intrinsiska motivation har valts ut. Förslaget är att implementera en prestationsgraf, en berättarröst samt sociala förbindelser för att minska friktion i ett aktivitets-baserat kontor. Spelelementen ska påverka de anställdas användning av kontoret och därigenom öka deras effektivitet och tillfredsställelse på arbetsplatsen.
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Persson, Cecilia, and Victoria Jonsson. "The Change Process Towards an Activity-Based Flexible Office : A Qualitative Study Regarding the Perceptions of Managers and Employees at Skellefteå Municipality." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172753.
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Change is a constant factor in today's society and an important factor in the success of organizations. As a result, it is highly important that organizations learn to manage change in order to stay competitive and keep up with the rapidly changing market conditions. Change Management has therefore been a highly emphasized area within Business Administration. As new trends arise on the global market, it is important for organizations to be able to adapt. One of these trends is the implementation of the Activity-Based Flexible Office (A-FO). An Activity-Based Flexible Office consists of different areas with closed, half-open or open zones. The areas are created in order to match employee needs and the requirements of each work activity that needs to be conducted. As a result, no one is assigned a personal workstation, instead the employees move between different areas depending on what type of work activity they need to accomplish. Even though Change Management has been thoroughly investigated and A-FOs have been researched to some extent, no previous research has been found regarding the change process of implementing an A-FO. The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate the difference in managers’ and employees’ perceptions regarding the change process towards an A-FO. As a result, a deeper understanding of change management as well as of the effects of the A-FO will be provided from the viewpoints of managers and employees. This leads to the research questions: “How does the perception of the change process concerning activity-based flexible offices differ between managers and employees? What do managers and employees perceive as essential factors of the change process and A-FO implementation and how do these perceptions differ?”. The Theoretical Framework mainly consist of previous research models and theories regarding change management literature, work environment and activity-based flexible offices as well as employee satisfaction. Communication has also been chosen as an important factor as it has been stated to be vital in both change management and within the A-FO. Furthermore, in order to fulfil the purpose of the thesis and answer the research questions, the chosen research method for this study is qualitative with an exploratory research design and an inductive approach. Therefore, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven respondents from a department at Skellefteå municipality who were chosen based on a combination of a purposive and snowball sampling method. After the interviews were transcribed, the empirical findings were analyzed and presented by using a thematic analysis. The findings show that when conducting an A-FO change process, managers’ and employees’ perceptions often differ. Managers often focus on the practical aspects of a change, while employees emphasized on “soft values”. Employees were also more skeptical towards the change in the beginning, compared to managers, and seemed more aware of possible disturbances in the A-FO. Furthermore, both managers and employees were highly satisfied with the change process and the implementation of the A-FO, but emphasized on different factors resulting in increased satisfaction. To conclude, since managers’ and employees’ perception regarding the A-FO change process often differ, but can also coincide, it is important to take both aspects into consideration when conducting this type of change. By involving everyone in the change process, it is more likely to be successful.
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Kazeroony, Beatrice. "En aktivitetsbaserad kontorsmiljö : med fokus på arbetsmotivation, samverkan och kommunikation." Thesis, Högskolan Väst, Avd för företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-9641.
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Aktivitetsbaserade kontor blir allt vanligare men de har blivit kritiserade av ett flertal anledningar för att inte fungera effektivt och det behöver läggas mer fokus på att ta reda vad som blir problematiskt. Syftet med denna studie var bidra med kunskap hur den aktivitetsbaserade arbetsmiljön har för påverkan på arbetsmotivation, samverkan och kommunikation hos medarbetare som arbetar på ett sådant kontor. Med en kvalitativ undersökningsansats har jag utfört elva semistrukturerade intervjuer tillsammans med observationer på medarbetare som arbetar i Kungälvs stadshus. Litteraturöversikten innehåller tidigare forskning över aktivitetsbaserad kontorsmiljö och dess påverkan på faktorerna: arbetsmotivation, samverkan och kommunikation. Studiens resultat visade att motivation positivt av kulturen och arbetsmiljöns utseende tillsammans med det flexibla arbetssättet. Oväsen hade däremot en negativ påverkan på arbetsmotivationen när medarbetare inte kunde arbeta i en helt lugn arbetsmiljö och koncentrera sig. Fokuserade och hängivna ledare motiverar medarbetare till att vilja arbeta. Medarbetare kan sitta var som helst på kontoret och ledarna behöver lita på dem då de inte ser dem lika mycket, när medarbetarna känner att ledaren förlitar sig på dem ökar deras motivation. De grupporienterade ytorna på kontoret skapar en fysisk kontakt som stimulerar samverkan och höjer motivationen. Motivationen har ett samband till både samverkan och kommunikation. Grupporienterade ytor stimulerar även kommunikationen på kontoret men den överstimuleras inte. Kontoret som är kreativt på ett flertal sätt effektiviserar samverkan. Medarbetare kommunicerar mycket med hjälp av modern teknik på aktivitetsbaserade kontor för att ta kontakt med kollegor och ledare, men tekniken överanvänds inte. Avsaknaden av väggar på kontoret gör det öppet och synligt för medarbetarna att se varandra, då förbättras samverkan och effektiviseras kommunikationen mellan medarbetarna.Activity-based offices are becoming more common, but they have been criticized by a number of reasons for not function effectively and it needs to be focused on finding out what the problems are. The purpose of this study was to contribute knowledge how the activity-based working environment has influence on work motivation, cooperation and communication among employees working in such offices. With a qualitative research approach, I have done eleven semi-structured interviews together with observations on employees working in Kungälvs Hall. The literature review includes previous research on activity-based office environment and its impact on the factors: motivation, collaboration and communication. The study results showed that motivation positive culture and work environment appearance along with the flexible working. Noise other hand, had a negative impact on work motivation when employees could not work in a completely peaceful environment and concentrate. Focused and dedicated leaders motivate people to want to work. Employees can sit anywhere in the office and leaders need to trust them when they do not see them as much, when employees feel that the leader relies on to increase their motivation. The group-oriented surfaces in the office creates a physical contact that stimulates cooperation and increase motivation. The motivation is related to both cooperation and communication. Group-oriented surfaces also stimulate communication in the office but not over stimulated. The office that is creative in numerous ways streamlines cooperation. Employees communicate a lot with the help of modern technology on activity-based office to get in touch with colleagues and leaders, but the technique of not used. The lack of walls in the office makes it open and visible for the employees to see each other, which improves cooperation and efficient communication between employees.
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Carlberg, Annelie. "Ledarskap för aktivitetsbaserade miljöer och arbetssätt." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-36616.
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I syfte att undersöka vad övergången till en aktivitetsbaserat kontorsmiljö (ABW) innebär för synen på det egna ledarskapet i relation till medarbetarna samt hur chefer hanterat övergången i förhållande till sin chefsidentitet har sex kvinnliga och tre manliga chefer från fyra olika organisationer intervjuats. Intervjuerna analyserades med hjälp av IPA-metoden utifrån teorier om chef-/ ledarskap i förhållande till medarbetarskap och identitetsarbete. Resultatet visar att en övergång till ABW kan innebära en ansvarsförskjutning mot ökat medarbetaransvar och ett mer strategiskt chef-/ledarskap som är baserat på målstyrning, tillit och ett större ansvar för sociala strukturer. Ett individuellt, tjänande ledarskap underlättar för ett hållbart ledarskap i ABW. Deltagande chefer har uppskattat utvecklingen av chef-/ledarskapet i övergången till ABW och det har inte påvisats några konfliktfyllda identitetsarbeten. Studien ger exempel på vad en förändringsprocess mot ABW kan innehålla. Ytterligare forskning behövs för att undersöka hur ABW fungerar för olika typer av organisationer och medarbetare.To investigate what a change into an activitybased workplace (ABW) means to managers view of leadership in relation toemployees and how managers handles it in relation to their identity as managers,six female and three male managers, from four different organizations, havebeen interviewed. The IPA-method was used for interview analyzes based ontheories about management/leadership, empowerment and identity work. The resultshows that a transfer into ABW may lead to a passing of responsibility towardsemployees and a strategic leadership/management based on goal management, trustand an increased responsibility for social structures. An individual, servingleadership facilitates a sustainable leadership in ABW. Participants haveappreciated the leadership/management development, and no identity workconflicts has been detected. The study gives examples of changing processestowards ABW. More studies have to be done in order to investigate how ABW fitsdifferent types of organization and different types of employees.
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Koford, Michelle A. "A Retrospective Study of the Effects of an Incentive Based Fitness and Well Being Intervention Has on Body Fat Loss and Cardiovascular Fitness at a Corporate Work Site." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1408709892.
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Petersson, Malin, and Caroline Bäckström. "How does a Government Lower Primary School in India work with mathematics? - A study on how the teachers’ mathematical beliefs affect the norms operating in the classroom." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-35819.
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Denna studie beskriver hur en kommunal grundskola i sydvästra Indien undervisar matematik.Vår frågeställning var: Hur fungerar en indisk statlig grundskola arbetar med matematik? Vilka är lärarnas uppfattningar om skolans sätt att undervisa? För att ha möjlighet att fördjupa oss i frågorna undersökte vi även Hur lärarnas föreställningar om matematik påverkar normerna i klassrummet utifrån ramen av Yack och Cobbs normteori. Det är en kvalitativ studie där vi utförde observationer av undervisningen och intervjuer med lärare och rektorn på skolan om deras syn på matematikundervisningen, under tre veckor. Vi samlade också information om och dokumenterade deras matematikverkstad.Utifrån våra intervjuer och observationer kunde vi dra slutsatsen att samtliga på skolan arbetade med en aktivitetsbaserad undervisning där matematik lärs med hjälp av manipulativt, laborativt material. De arbetade tillsammans i ett arbetslag med en strävan att uppfylla läroplanens mål och med en gemensam arbetsmetod. Vi fann också att lärarnas värderingar och föreställningar om hur matematik ska läras ut, påverkar de normer som verkar i klassrummet.Denna studie kan inte generaliserbar eftersom detta är en fallstudie på denna skola. Dock förespråkar den indiska läroplanen att undervisningen ska ske utifrån elevnära aktiviteter, men matematikverkstaden på denna skola var speciell och utvecklad på denna skola.For our study, we visited a Government Lower Primary School in India to inquiry about how a school in another schooling context teaches mathematics. Our research questions were: How does an Indian Government Lower Primary School work with mathematics? What are the teachers' perceptions of the school’s teaching approach? In addition to these questions and to inquire deeper into this subject, we also investigated How do the teachers’ perceptions and method of teaching connect to Yackel and Cobb’s framework of the different kinds of norms operating in the classroom?We did a qualitative study, staying at the school for three weeks to interview teachers about their method of teaching mathematics as well as observing how they were teaching mathematics and the norms that operated in the classroom. We also gathered information about their mathematics laboratory. During our interviews and observations we came to the conclusion that the school worked with activity-based learning by using manipulative materials. All teachers as well as the principal cooperatively strived to meet the curricula objectives, with the same teaching approach. We also found that the teachers’ values and beliefs about how mathematics should be taught, affect the norms operating in the classroom.This study cannot be generalised for all schools in India or even in this area. This study is a minor study which only considered one particular school which used an interesting teaching method, activity-based learning with manipulatives.
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Bengtström, Henrik, and Charlotte Larsson. "Aktivitetsbaserat arbetssätt : Nöjda medarbetare med rätt förutsättningar." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för vård, arbetsliv och välfärd, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-14615.
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Globaliseringen och omvärldens påverkan av de moderna organisationerna har skapat nya krav och mål för våra svenska arbetsgivare. Flexibilitet och snabba förändringar måste dagens arbetsgivare vara väl anpassad för. Detta i sin tur innebär att även arbetstagaren måste vara redo att klara av liknande krav. Ny teknik och nya sätt att arbeta på har givit den moderna kontorsarbetaren en vardag som kan vara helt papperslös och inte heller knuten till en och samma plats. Det centrala för det nya arbetssättet är självfallet att öka lönsamheten, men fördelar som ökad kreativitet och ökat samarbete medarbetarna emellan lyfts fram som fördelar från arbetsgivarens sida. Denna studie utgår från en kvalitativ ansats. Målet med studien var att fånga medarbetarnas upplevelser av att arbeta aktivitetsbaserat. Studien har inte som avsikt att förklara om detta nya arbetssätt är bra eller dåligt för arbetstagaren utan enbart som för avsikt att fånga deras upplevelse. Studien visar att den generella upplevelsen av att arbeta aktivitetsbaserat är god, men att upplevelserna varierar mellan olika individer. Slutsatsen är att de anställda behöver ha en känsla av att kunna kontrollera sin vardag och möjligheter att välja rätt plats för rätt arbetsuppgift för att detta arbetssätt skall upplevas bra. Studien anser vi har ett värde på grund av att den mäter medarbetarnas upplevelse. Det är något som inte har forskats mycket om tidigare i detta allt mer förekommande sätt att utforma moderna kontor på. Om vi fångar medarbetarnas upplevelse av att arbeta i denna miljö kan vi enklare förstå hur den upplevs och med bättre förutsättningar förbättra arbetsmiljön på sikt i ett samhälle som löpande ställer nya krav på organisationerna och de anställda.Globalization and the outside world's influence on modern organizations have created new demands and goals for our Swedish employers. Flexibility and rapid changes demand that today's employers must be well-suited for change. This in turn means that the employee must also be ready to meet similar requirements. New technology and new ways of working have given the modern office worker a daily life that can be completely paperless and because of this the employee isn't linked to one specific workstation. The key reason for to the new way of working is to increase profitability, but benefits such as increased creativity and increased cooperation among employees are highlighted as benefits from the employer. This study is based on a qualitative approach. The aim of the study was to capture the employees experiences of working activity-based. The study does not intend to explain whether this new way of working is good or bad for the employee, but only for the purpose of capturing their experience. The study shows that the overall experience of working activity-based is good, but that experiences vary between different individuals. The conclusion is that employees need to have the feeling of being able to control their everyday lives and opportunities to choose the right place for the right task for this work method to be experienced well. The value of this research lies in the fact that because employee experience is something that has not been the center of the research before, and we need to know more about the effects of this increasingly popular way of designing modern offices. If we capture the employee's experience of working in this environment, we can more easily understand how it is perceived and better conditions improve the working environment in the long term in a society that continually places new demands on organizations and employee's.
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Tsioki, Anita, and Karolina Borg. "Engaging, Inhibitive or an Organizational Chaos? : A Phenomenological Study on Employees’ Perception of the Activity-based Flexible Office." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-39397.
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This study discusses employees’ perception of a rather new and progressive office type, namely the Activity-based Flexible Office, the A-FO. Within this office type, the employee does not have a personal desk, but instead changes workspace depending on the task at hand. The aim of the study was to examine how employees perceive this type of office and their experiences of working within it. In previous research, a model has been created within this field as an attempt towards a theoretical framework, the A-FO-M. Whereas studying this model, we saw some notions not being thoroughly explored, although mentioned in other preceding research. Thus, the need of exploring these aspects further felt vital and therefore, we combined the A-FO-M with other preceding research and created a synthesis with a set off our themes. A qualitative method was chosen and furthermore, a phenomenological approach. This approach suggests examining a certain phenomena, the A-FO in this case, based on the experiences and perceptions of an individual, the employee. Interviews were implemented on a specific company to succeed in reaching our aim. The six interviews completed gave us the empirical results we needed to attain an analysis and thereafter, conclusions. Overall, our findings correspond with the presumptions of the A-FO-M. However, due to Klarna having a certain structure, somewhat differing from the traditional A-FO, the results were contradicting in some cases. The majority of the respondents felt they were able to perform their task without major problems. Some respondents felt that the office made them more open, while others did not feel any impact on their persona in relation to the A-FOs features. Our findings support that the A-FO is a very sociable office type, whereas you constantly meet and interact with people, both known and unknown to you. The respondents appreciate that there is little distance between them and their managers. Additionally, it is found that managers within A-FOs need to have high trust in their employees. Conclusively, some results may be somewhat dependent on the individual and their preferences.
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Grönberg, Louise, and Frida Axhed. "En jämförelse av upplevd produktivitet samt arbetstillfredsställelse mellan aktivitetsaserade och traditionella kontor." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Byggnadsteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-31757.
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Purpose: The aim with this study is to compare perceived productivity and job satisfaction between activity based offices and traditional offices. The goal is to investigate, through a quantitative comparison, productivity and job satisfaction between the office types, and if generations perceive this differently. Method: The method used in this study is a quantitative method, in form of a questionnaire. The questionnaire used was taken from a study made by Sahlström and Severin (2015) at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. The same questionnaire was taken because it had already been quality assured and had good content for the survey. Four IT companies were included in the study. Two of them had activity based offices and two of them had traditional office type. Literature review has also been a method in order to get a deeper understanding of the subject. Findings: The results of the study show that there are differences between the two office types in perceived productivity and job satisfaction. The traditional office type showed the best results. However, this result can be discussed since the two traditional offices differed widely in their responses. The results also show that there are differences between the generations experiencing productivity and job satisfaction of the various offices. The elder generation, Baby boomers, shows better results on the traditional office type and the younger generation, Generation Y, shows better results on the activity based offices. Implications: One conclusion to be drawn from this is that employees at traditional offices are more satisfied with their working place and experience increased productivity than employees on activity based offices. However, these results may be due to other factors than how the office environment affects the employees. Therefore, these results will not be recommended. Another conclusion is that the Baby boomers are experiencing higher productivity and job satisfaction of traditional office and Generation Y experiences higher productivity and job satisfaction on activity based office. These results can be recommended. Limitations: The limitations of this study are to examine only IT companies in Sweden with a maximal amount of employees of 150 persons. The results are, apart from the scattered results in the first issue, generally valid and can be applied to other IT companies. To succeed fully applicable results, a survey with more companies involved had been better. Then, detections of anomaly would easier have been discovered and possible disregards of certain results could have been done. Keywords: Perceived productivity - Self-rated assessment of employees on their own productivity. Traditional offices - In this work traditional offices includes cell offices and shared rooms. Activity based offices - Office where employees have no fixed work place and there are often zones to support different types of working.Syfte: Syftet med detta examensarbete är att jämföra upplevd produktivitet och arbetstillfredsställelse mellan aktivitetsbaserade kontor och traditionella kontor. Målet är att genom en kvantitativ jämförelse undersöka upplevd produktivitet och arbetstillfredsställelse mellan kontorstyperna, samt om generationer upplever detta olika. Metod: Metoden som har använts i detta arbete är en kvantitativ metod, i form av en enkätundersökning. Enkäten som användes är tagen från en studie av Sahlström och Severin (2015) som gjordes på Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan i Stockholm. Samma enkät användes då den redan hade kvalitetssäkrats och hade passande frågor för vår undersökning. Fyra IT-företag var med i undersökningen, varav två av dem hade aktivitetsbaserat kontor och två av dem hade traditionell kontorstyp. Litteraturstudie har även varit en metod för att få djupare förståelse inom ämnet. Resultat: Resultaten från studien visar att det finns skillnader mellan de två kontorstyperna i upplevd produktivitet och arbetstillfredsställelse. Den traditionella kontorstypen visade högst resultat. Dock kan detta resultat diskuteras då de båda traditionella kontoren skiljde sig mycket åt i svaren. Resultaten visar också att det finns skillnader mellan hur generationer upplever produktivitet och tillfredsställelse på de olika kontoren. Den äldre generationen, Baby boomers, visar högre resultat på den traditionella kontorstypen och den yngre generationen, Generation Y, visar högre resultat på de aktivitetsbaserade kontoren. Konsekvenser: En slutsats som kan dras från detta är att anställda på traditionella kontor är mer tillfredsställda med sin arbetsplats och upplever högre produktivitet än anställda på aktivitetsbaserade kontor. Däremot kan resultaten berott på andra faktorer än hur kontorsmiljön påverkar de anställda. Därför rekommenderas inte just dessa resultat. Ytterligare en slutsats är att Baby boomers upplever högre produktivitet och arbetstillfredsställelse på traditionella kontor och att Generation Y upplever högre produktivitet och arbetstillfredsställelse på aktivitetsbaserade kontor. Dessa resultat kan rekommenderas. Begränsningar: Avgränsningar som har gjorts är att endast undersöka IT-företag i Sverige med maximalt 150 anställda. Resultaten är, med undantag från de spridda resultaten i första frågeställningen, generellt giltiga och kan tillämpas på andra IT-företag. För att lyckas få helt applicerbara resultat hade en undersökning med fler företag medverkande varit bra, eftersom man då hade kunnat upptäcka avvikelser lättare och eventuellt bortse från vissa resultat. Nyckelord: Upplevd produktivitet - Självuppskattad bedömning av anställda på deras egen produktivitet. Traditionella kontor - I detta arbete innefattar traditionella kontor cellkontor och delade rum. Aktivitetsbaserade kontor - Kontor där de anställda inte har några fasta arbetsplatser och där det ofta finns zoner för att stödja olika typer av arbete.
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Törnvall, Marcus, and Ellinor Stendlert. "ABW-KONTOR: FÖRSLAG TILL ETT KOMMUNIKATIONSVERKTYG FÖR ATT EFFEKTIVISERA UTFORMNINGSPROCESSEN." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Byggnadsteknik och belysningsvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-45276.
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Syfte: Idag har det blivit allt mer vanligt att verksamheter använder sig av aktivitetsbaserade kontor, så kallade ABW-kontor. En anledning till detta är att kontorsformen är mer yteffektiv då den oftast är utformad för ett färre antal medarbetare än vad verksamheten har anställda. Problemet med många av dagens aktivitetsbaserade kontor är att utformningen inte är rätt anpassad till verksamhetens behov. Detta grundar sig i att det finns en kommunikationsbrist i utformningsprocessen vilket medför att arkitekten inte får den information om verksamheten som behövs. Målet med arbetet har varit att komma fram till ett hjälpmedel som kan undvika kommunikationsbristen för att i framtiden ge arkitekter ett bättre underlag för att utforma ABW-kontor. Metod: Studien har bestått av en kvalitativ undersökning där fallstudier, intervjuer och dokumentgranskning använts. Studiens största datainsamling består av semistrukturerade intervjuer med arkitekt och personer som arbetat hos de tre verksamheterna under utformningsprocessen. Utöver detta utfördes en dokumentgranskning av planlösningarna hos verksamheterna. Dessa datainsamlingsmetoder kunde därefter analyseras och generera svar på studiens frågeställningar. Resultat: Undersökningen visade att det funnits en kommunikationsbrist i samtliga utformningsprocesser hos de tre verksamheterna. En av verksamheterna hade använt sig mer av medarbetarna i utformningsprocessen vilket kan kopplas till att de anställda var nöjda med kontoret. Från intervjuerna framgick det vad i kontorets utformning som var viktigt för att kontoret skulle bli så anpassat till verksamhetens behov som möjligt. Utifrån den här informationen skapades en checklista för arkitekt, beställare och anställda. Checklistan kan användas i utformningsprocessen för att få ett bra underlag till att anpassa kontorets utformning till verksamhetens behov. Konsekvenser: En slutsats av den här studien är att alla ABW-kontor inte är anpassade efter verksamhetens behov. Under utformningsprocessen involveras inte alla medarbetarna tillräckligt mycket vilket har visat sig vara nödvändigt för ett fungerande resultat. För att ge en arkitekt möjlighet att utforma ett aktivitetsbaserat kontor så bra som möjligt behövs information från medarbetarna som förklarar deras arbetssätt och behov. En rekommendation utifrån resultatet är att göra checklistan digitaliserad så att större företag kan använda sig av den också. Begränsningar: Studien har avgränsats till att undersöka tre verksamheter med olika typer av organisationer, ekonomi, IT och marknadsföring. Antalet intervjuer på de olika verksamheterna har även avgränsats till att intervjua personer som endast varit med under bytet till ABW-kontor. Den resulterande checklistan är lämpad att användas i små företag eftersom checklistan är i pappersform. För stor insamling av checklistor kan minska effektiviteten i utformningsprocessen. Metodvalen är anpassade för studiens omfattning men arbetet hade stärkts om intervjuer även utförts med arkitekter som utformat de valda ABW-kontoren. Nyckelord: ABW, Aktivitetsbaserat kontor, Kommunikationsverktyg, Utformningsprocess.Purpose: Nowadays it is more common to use activity based work offices, known as ABW-offices. One of the reasons why it is getting more popular is because of the space efficiency. ABW-offices are often designed for less people than number of employees. The problem with many of today’s activity based work offices is that it is not suitable for every type of work environment and its needs. The reason is lack of communication during the design process. That can lead into less information about the working environment for the architect. The goal with the case study has been to produce a userfriendly communication tool so the architect has a better base to start the design process. Method: The study is a qualitative survey with case studies, interviews and document analysis. The largest data collection has been semi structured interviews with architect and employees. The document analysis is based on the layouts of the different work offices. These data collection methods could thereafter be analyzed and generate answers to the questions of the case study. Findings: The study showed that there has been a lack of communication during the design process in every ABW-office. One of the three offices involved the employees during the design process, and the employees seemed to be happy with how the office turned out. The interviews gave information about what factors that can be most important to make the ABW-office as suitable as possible for the work office. After analyzing the empiricism a checklist was created for architect, client and employees. The checklist can be used during the design process to fill the client and the employees need to make a suitable working environment. Implications: A conclusion of this study is that all ABW-offices are not suitable enough for the work office. All the employees did not get fully involved during the design process which, after research, are the best way to get the ultimate result. Therefore, the architect needs to get as much information as possible from the employees to make a good and suitable layout for plan views. A recommendation is to improve the checklist and make it digitized so bigger companies can use the checklist too. Limitations: The study has been delimited to make a research about three different companies with different types of organizations, economy, IT and marketing. People that has been interviewed have all been a part of the exchange to an ABW-office. The checklist is mostly suitable for smaller companies to use since the checklist is in shape of paper. Too many checklist can lead to a less effective designprocess. The methods are chosen in consideration to time and extent of the study. The study would have strengthen if more interviews with for instance the responsible architects of the chosen ABW-offices were made. Keywords: ABW, Activity based work office, Communication tool, Design process.
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Safie, Omar Taha. "Review of the cross-sectional field of outdoor camps, resiliency, and juvenile delinquncy." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2821.
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Successful outdoor camp programs are being threatened by decreased funding and increased focus on the control of juvenile delinquents. To determine the success of outdoor camp programs for the juvenile delinquent, it is important to examine the recidivism rates of those who go through the programs compared to those who do not. By properly infusing outdoor camp programs with resiliency education, new programs can be created with even more success. This paper is a literature review of the present state of research in both fields. With the background information presented here, the goal is to become a 'springboard' for further research.
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Rebinder-Lindström, Josefine, and David Nilsson. "Aktivitetsbaserat arbetssätt inom akademin : En kvalitativ studie om medarbetare inom akademin och deras upplevelser av att arbeta aktivitetsbaserat." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-39918.
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Aktivitetsbaserat arbetssätt har sedan några år tillbaka slagit igenom på marknaden och blivit en stor trend både i Sverige och resten av världen. Det är ett omstritt begrepp sombåde fått lovord och kritik. Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur medarbetare inom akademin upplever att arbeta i en aktivitetsbaserad miljö med fokus på psykosocial arbetsmiljö och sociala relationer samt om det finns ett samband mellan individens arbetsuppgifter och deras upplevelse. En kvalitativ studie har genomförts på ett universitet/högskola i Sverige, totalt sex semistrukturerade intervjuer har genomförts. Respondenternas uppfattning varierade gällande deras upplevelser av det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssättet dock var flertalet negativa. De huvudsakliga faktorerna som lyftes var ljudnivån och transparens, respondenterna nyttjar olika copingstrategier för att få bukt med problemen. Resultatet visar att de sociala relationerna på arbetsplatsen både förstärkts och försämrats. Respondenternas arbetsuppgifter belystes som problematiska inom ett aktivitetsbaserat arbetssätt. Utifrån studiens resultat var det som var mest påtagligt negativt för respondenternas psykosociala arbetsmiljö och upplevelsen av den aktivitetsbaserade miljön de faktorer som låg utanför individens egenkontroll, där lyckade copingstrategier inte var tillämpningsbara.Activity-based working has been on the rise for some years and has become a big trend both in Sweden and the rest of the world. It is a controversial concept that has both received praise and criticism. The aim of the study is to investigate how employees in the academia experience working in an activity-based office with a focus on psychosocial work environment and social relations, and whether there is a connection between the individual's tasks and their experience. A qualitative study has been conducted at a university/college in Sweden, a total of six semistructured interviews have been held. Respondents' perception of their experiences of the activity-based working varied, but the most respondents were negative. The main factors that were lifted were the sound level and the transparency, the respondents used different coping strategies to overcome the problems. The result shows that the social relations in the workplace have both been strengthened and deteriorated. The respondents' tasks were highlighted as problematic within an activity-based office. Based on the study's results, the most negative factor for the respondents' psychosocial work environment and the experience of the activitybased working were the factors that were outside the individual's control,where successful coping strategies were not applicable.
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Tovar, Jesse. "A factor-based examination of United States Navy human resource officers work activities by commercial activity assignment codes to Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM) body of knowledge standards." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Sep%5FTovar.pdf.
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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): L. Andrew Jones, Suzanne Bosque. "September 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-82). Also available in print.
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Gottfridsson, Hans Olof. "Färdmedelsvalets komplexa förutsättningar : En studie av arbetspendling i småbarnshushåll med Kils kommun som exempel." Doctoral thesis, Karlstad University, Faculty of Social and Life Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-1202.
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Gottfridsson, H. O., 2007, Färdmedelsvalets komplexa förutsättningar – En studie av arbetspendling i småbarnshushåll med Kils kommun som exempel, (Complex conditions governing choice of transport – A study of parents of young children commuting to work from the municipality of Kil).
Travel is a means through which people fulfil a variety of social and biological requirements. In turn, the purpose, destination and identity of the traveller set different requirements that different forms of transport have different opportunities of fulfilling.
The purpose of this dissertation is to find out about the complex conditions that form the scope for action in the choice of transport, in this particular case for parents of young children when travelling to and from work. The dissertation emphasises the importance of studying the whole picture and of the interchange between the component parts in order to gain a better understanding of the conditions governing a commuter’s choice of transport.
In the study a theoretical framework of reference is gradually established by mixing empiricism and theory. As a result, a number of factors significant for the transport selection process are identified. These factors include the composition and organisation of the household, transport system structures, local community structures and the resources and preferences of the commuter.
Several methods were used during the collection of data. Data about commuters was collected via surveys and travel diaries. Traffic systems and associated structures were studied with the help of maps.
Work requirements combined with local structures such as the location of the home, workplace and services, and how the household chooses to organise daily activities, place specific demands on the planning of the journey to and from work. Different transport systems meet these demands in varying degrees. The choice of transport is also determined by the commuter’s socio-economic situation, travel resources and how he or she, depending on motives, knowledge and habits finally perceives the alternatives available.
The results confirm that car users and public transport users have different strategies when choosing transport. The results also indicate that there are commuters who declare the same grounds for their choice of transport, but who in practice conclude different consequences and choose different means of transport. The data also indicates clearly that among users of public transport there are major differences in journey times, number of stops, distance to bus stops and travel costs, and that commuters who use public transport are more complex as a group.
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Yip, Chi-sio, and 葉{213d7e}兆. "Students' perceptions of project learning through a school-based curriculum." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B27588580.
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Järnland, Hugo, and Ida Sonesson. "Det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssättet som Janusansikte : En kvalitativ studie om medarbetares positiva samt negativa upplevelser av det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssättet." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-64586.
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Kandidatuppsats i Företagsekonomi III, Organisation 15 hp, 2FE78E, Ekonomihögskolan vid Linnéuniversitetet i Kalmar, Vårterminen 2017. Författare: Hugo Järnland & Ida Sonesson Handledare: Mathias Karlsson Examinator: Mikael Lundgren Titel: Det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssättet som Janusansikte - en kvalitativ studie om medarbetares positiva samt negativa upplevelser av det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssättet. Syfte: Studien syftar till att skapa förståelse för hur medarbetare upplever och förhåller sig till det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssättet. Metodik: En kvalitativ forskningsstrategi med en abduktiv ansats. Det empiriska materialet är insamlat via åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer med medarbetare som arbetar på ett företag där det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssättet tillämpas. Slutsats: Studiens resultat har gett en ökad förståelse för hur medarbetare upplever och förhåller sig till det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssättet. Studien visar att det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssättet är ett komplext område som upplevs olika av olika individer. Resultatet visar även att det finns både positiva och negativa sidor av det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssättet. Sammanfattningsvis kan vi redogöra att medarbetarnas upplevelser av det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssättet kan liknas vid ett Janusansikte då deras upplevelser tydligt skiljer sig från varandra.Bachelor Thesis in Business Administration III, Organization 15 hp, 2FE78E, Faculty of Economics at Linneaus University in Kalmar, Spring 2017. Authors: Hugo Järnland & Ida Sonesson Advisor: Mathias Karlsson Examinator: Mikael Lundgren Title: The activity-based working as a Janusface – A qualitative study about employees positive and negative experiences about activity-based working. Purpose: The study aims to create an understanding regarding employees experiences and how they relate to activity-based working. Methodology: A qualitative research strategy with an abductive approach. The empirical material is collected through eight semi structured interviews with employees at a company where the activity-based working is implemented. Conclusion: The study’s result has given an increased understanding of how employees experience and relate to activity-based working. The study shows that activity-based working is a complex area which individuals experience differently. The results also show that there are both positive and negative sides of the activity-based working. In conclusion, we can find that employees experiences of the activity-based working can be seen as a Janusface since their experiences clearly differ from each another.
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Goja, Ella, and Emelie Engman. "”Ibland kan man känna att man är mer ensam nu” : En fallstudie om de anställdas upplevelser av arbete i ett aktivitetsbaserat kontorslandskap." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Sociologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-34340.
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It is becoming increasingly common for offices to change and move from the traditional cellular office to open and activity-based landscapes. These offices are adapted to working needs and are said to be flexible where employees themselves can choose how and where they want to sit and work. Telia is one of the companies that recently has undergone a reorganization and designed its offices with an activity-oriented design. The purpose of this study is to find out how Telia employees experience working in the new environment. But also to find out whether the physical design is perceived to affect the social interactions in the workplace. This study is of a qualitative nature as it aims to clarify the experiences of the employees. Semi-structured interviews have been conducted with five employees, each of which has different occupational roles within the company. The theoretical framework used to analyze the results is Bang’s (1999) Theory of Organizational Culture, different parts of Goffman’s (2006) Dramaturgical Perspective and Jacobsen & Thorsvik’s (2014) Theory of Organizational Communication. The results found show both the pros and cons of activity-based approach. Besides ergonomics, deep interactions and the feeling of knowing where one’s colleagues sit, Telia’s employees seem to be positively set on the new office landscape. The results in this study demonstrate, among other things that the activity-based office is perceived to create flexibility and networking between employees. Finally, the study shows that hierarchy, solidarity and communication together represent a positive sense of the new activity-based office landscape at Telia, according to the employees.Det blir allt vanligare att kontor förändras och går från det traditionella cellkontoret till öppna och aktivitetsbaserade kontorslandskap. De senare är behovsanpassade och sägs vara flexibla där anställda själva kan välja hur och var de vill arbeta. Teliaär ett av de företag som nyligen genomgått en omorganisation och utformat sitt kontor med en aktivitetsanpassad design. Syftet med denna studie är att skapa kunskap kring hur de anställda på Telia upplever arbetet i den nya arbetsmiljön. Men även att ta reda på huruvida den fysiska utformningen upplevs påverka de sociala interaktionerna på arbetsplatsen. Denna studie är av kvalitativ karaktär då den avser att tydliggöra upplevelserna hos medarbetarna. Semistrukturerade intervjuer har genomförts med fem anställda vilka alla har olika yrkesroller inom företaget. Det teoretiska ramverket som har använts för att kunna analysera resultatet är Bangs (1999) teori om organisationskultur, olika delar av Goffmans (2006) dramaturgiska perspektiv samt Jacobsen & Thorsviks (2014) teori om organisatorisk kommunikation. De resultat som framkommit visar både för-och nackdelar med det aktivitetsbaserade arbetssättet. Förutom ergonomi, djupa interaktioner och känslan av att veta var ens kollegor sitter verkar medarbetarna påTelia mestadels vara positivt inställda till det nya kontorslandskapet. Resultaten i denna studie påvisar bland annat att det aktivitetsbaserade kontoret upplevs skapa flexibilitet och nätverkande mellan medarbetare. Slutligen visar studiens resultat att hierarki, samhörighet och kommunikation tillsammans utgör en positiv känsla av det nya aktivitetsbaserade kontorslandskapet på Telia, enligt de anställda.
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Cedemar, Jacob, and Oscar Vagman. "Aktivitetsbaserade kontor : Cellkontorets utmanare?" Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan (from 2013), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-68126.
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Introduction: The activity-based office has had a breakthrough in the past few years. One of the reasons for this is that the technology now allows it to work properly. The concept is a type of open landscaped office that put its main focus on the design of the physical work environment. The office is divided in different areas with the purpose to match employees’ different tasks. There is still not much research done on the new concept and the research that has been carried out has been carried out in connection with the move or a maximum of 15 months after the move to the new office. Purpose: The study aimed at comparing employees' perceived perception of the classic office and the activity-based office abilities with regard to leadership, health, productivity and the social work environment. The essay also concerns how well designed the activity-based office layout is. Method: The study was a quantitative survey and the data was collected through a web survey. The web survey consisted of 25 questions relating to the categories of social, leadership, health, productivity and office layout. Analysis: The data was analyzed by generation of mean values for each category, broken down by gender, age, time in activity-based office and the total from every respondent. The data was also analyzed by a correlation analysis. Results: According to the results that was collected, the activity-based office had a overbalanced positive experience than the classical office in each category investigated, except the category regarding health. Conclusions: Based on the results, it can be noted that an activity-based office towards a classic office provides a higher value for employees in social, leadership, productivity and design. In health, however, it gives a lower value, which shows that employees had better health in the classical office. The results show that the survey can confirm what previous research has said. However, the result can not be generalized on an entire population as the number of respondents and variations was too small. To be able to generalize the results further research must be done.Introduktion: Aktivitetsbaserade kontor är något som de senaste åren blivit mer och mer vanligt. Till följd av informationsteknikens framfart har denna kontorsutformning tillåtits att fungera på ett effektivt sätt. Konceptet är en typ av öppet kontorslandskap där medarbetaren saknar en fast plats. Mycket vikt läggs på den fysiska utformningen, där olika zoner delar in kontoren i aktiva, stillsamma och tysta områden. Tidigare forskning kring det nya konceptet är otillräcklig då den forskning som finns är genomförd i samband med flytten eller max 15 månader efter inflyttningen. Syfte: Studien syftade till att jämföra medarbetares upplevda uppfattning av cellkontorets och det aktivitetsbaserade kontorets förmågor med avseende på ledarskap, hälsa, produktivitet, den sociala arbetsmiljön. Uppsatsen berör även hur väl utformat det aktivitetsbaserade kontoret är. Metod: Studien var en kvantitativ undersökning och datan som används samlades in genom en webbenkät. Enkäten bestod av 25 frågor som berörde kategorierna socialt, ledarskap, hälsa, produktivitet och kontorets utformning. Analys: Datan analyserades genom framtagande av medelvärden för respektive kategori. Totalt, uppdelat efter kön, ålder samt tid i aktivitetsbaserat kontor. Datan analyserades även genom en korrelationsanalys. Resultat: Från resultatet går det att utläsa att det aktivitetsbaserade kontoret upplevdes bättre än det klassiska cellkontoret i varje kategori förutom kategorin angående hälsa. Slutsats: Utifrån resultaten går det att konstatera att ett aktivitetsbaserat kontor gentemot ett cellkontor ger ett högre värde för de anställda i det sociala, ledarskap, produktivitet och utformning. I hälsa ger den dock sämre ett sämre värde. Resultatet visar att undersökningen kan konstatera vad tidigare forskning har bekräftat. Dock går inte resultatet att generalisera på en hel population då antal respondenter och variation var för liten. Detta är något som måste göras i ytterligare forskning.
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PiQUILLOUD, IMBODEN Lise. "Apport de la physiologie dans l’optimisation de l’assistance ventilatoire : l’exploration de la commande respiratoire Information conveyed by electrical diaphragmatic activity during unstressed, stressed and assisted spontaneous breathing: a physiological study A diaphragmatic electrical activity-based optimization strategy during pressure support ventilation improves synchronization but does not impact work of breathing Accuracy of P0.1 measurements performed by ICU ventilators: a bench study." Thesis, Angers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ANGE0042.
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Les centres respiratoires du tronc cérébral régulent la ventilation. Les signaux qu’ils émettent sont transmis aux muscles inspiratoires. La commande respiratoire peut être monitorée au lit du patient au moyen de l’activité électrique diaphragmatique (Eadi) ou de la pression d’occlusion à 100 ms (P0.1). Le monitorage de ces paramètres devrait permettre d’optimiser l’assistance ventilatoire délivrée.Il n’existe que peu de données relatives aux valeurs normales d’Eadi et de P0.1 et à leurs variations en situations non physiologiques. La question de la fiabilité des mesures réalisables au lit du patient reste également débattue. Ce projet de thèse visait à augmenter les connaissances relatives à l’Eadi et à la P0.1.Les travaux réalisés ont permis de : 1. mieux caractériser l’amplitude de l’Eadi en situations physiologique et non physiologiques, 2. démontrer que la valeur maximale d’Eadi reflète bien l’intensité de la commande, 3. démontrer que le monitorage de l’Eadi est complémentaire à celui du profil ventilatoire et de l’effort inspiratoire, 4. démontrer que Eadi et P0.1 sont bien corrélés,5. démontrer que l’Eadi peut être utilisé pour optimiser les réglages en aide inspiratoire et que ceci améliore la synchronisation patient-ventilateur, 6. démontrer que les variations de P0.1 sont bien reflétées par les mesures de P0.1 réalisées par les ventilateurs et 7. démontrer que les ventilateurs sous-estiment les P0.1 de référence. Des études complémentaires sur de plus grands collectifs et portant sur le devenir des patients doivent être réalisées avant que le monitorage de l’Eadi et de la P0.1 puissent être recommandés comme techniques de routine chez les patients ventilésThe brainstem respiratory centers are in charge of breathing regulation. Their output is transmitted to the inspiratory muscles. Respiratory drive monitoring can be performed using the electrical activity of the diaphragm (Eadi) or the measurement of the occlusion pressure at 100 ms (P0.1). Monitoring these parameters should allow improving the delivered ventilator assist. Few data regarding the normal values of Eadi and P0.1 and their variations in non-physiological situations are available. The question of the reliability of the bedside measurements also remains opened.This thesis project aimed at increasing our knowledge on Eadi and P0.1 measurements. The studies performed allowed 1. better characterizing Eadi and P0.1 normal values in physiological and non-physiological situations. 2. demonstrating that Eadi maximal value well reflects inspiratory drive intensity, 3. demonstrating that Eadi monitoring provides additional information compared to respiratory profile and inspiratory effort monitoring, 4. demonstrating that Eadi and P0.1 are well correlated, 5. demonstrating that Eadi can be used to improve the ventilator settings during pressure support and that this strategy allows improving patient-ventilator synchrony. 6. showing that the P0.1 variations are well reflected by the P0.1 measured by the ventilators, 7. demonstrating that overall the P0.1 measured by the ventilators underestimate the reference P0.1. Additional studies in more patients and studies designed to assess the impact on patient’s outcome of using Eadi and P0.1 monitoring should be perform before recommaending these monitorings as a standard procedure in ventilated patients
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Greene, Amanda E., and Andy R. Dotterweich. "The Use of Cross-Curricular Activity on Interactive Playgrounds to Supplement School-Based Physical Activity: An Exploratory Study." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3799.
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Childhood obesity and physical inactivity are serious threats to the health and wellness of our schoolchildren. Research has shown that play and physical activity are important in development, behaviour and academic achievement. Through the efforts of coordinated school health program and a Physical Education for Progress grant, a county school system in a southern state was able to construct multiple innovative playground systems at schools and combine them with various academic units in a cross-curricular effort to address the wellness needs of students. Exploratory research using pedometers, accelerometers and an observation method examined physical activity intensity levels during cross-curricular sessions. Results indicated that this type of physical activity might be a viable supplement to daily school-based physical activity needs.
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Karlsson, Therese. "Mer än bara ett myndighetskontor : En studie om hur ett myndighetskontor kan utformas för att främja arbetsgruppens önskade arbetssätt." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-35898.
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Detta examensarbete är en studie i hur en kontorsmiljö i form utav fyra stycken cellkontor och ett konferensrum kan utformas för en myndighet. Med syfte att skapa ett gestaltningsförslag som visualiserar möjliga lösningar för kontorets arbetsgrupp, för att sedan utformas till en aktivitetsbaserad kontorsmiljö som ska stödja arbetsgruppens behov och arbetssätt. Samarbetet har varit tillsammans med Näringslivsenheten i Stadshuset, Eskilstuna. Arbetsgruppen på Näringslivsenheten upplever att de vill vara mer integrerade med varandra då det är en stor del av deras arbetssätt. Väggarna, som cellkontoren innebär, skapar barriärer mellan användarna och medför en påverkan av deras arbetssätt. Lokalerna som verksamheten befinner sig i saknar även en identitet som speglar verksamhetens arbete och värden. Studien baseras på teori och litteratur om den rumsliga miljön, aktivitetsbaserat kontor, zoner i kontorsmiljön, kognitivt perspektiv, affordans, färg, ljus och kreativitetens betydelse i kontorsmiljön. Metoderna som använts i studien är: Human centered-design, platsanalys, kvalitativ intervju, observation, workshop, 3D modell och analys av insamlad data. Resultatet av studien visar ett gestaltningsförslag på en aktivitetsbaserad kontorsmiljö som innefattar funktioner som bygger på användarnas behov. Resultatet ska vara ett inspirationsmaterial till Näringslivsenheten för en eventuell framtida genomförning. Samtidigt som det även är ett inspirationsmaterial till övriga användare i kontorsmiljöer som är ute efter en aktivitetsbaserad kontorsmiljö.This is a study of how an office environment in the form of four cell offices and a conference room can be designed for a local authority. The purpose of the study is to provide a design proposal that visualizes possible solutions for the office's workgroup, which may then be transformed into an activity-based office that will support the users’ needs and working methods. This study was written in cooperation with the Business Unit in the City Hall, Eskilstuna. The working team at the Business Unit wants to be more integrated with each other as it is a major part of their way of working. The walls of the cell offices create barriers between users and negatively affect their preferred way of working. The premises in which the business is located also lacks an identity that reflects their work and their values. The study is based on theory and literature on the spatial environment, activity-based office, office environment zones, cognitive perspective, affordance, color, light and the importance of creativity in the office environment. The methods used in the study are: Human centered-design, site analysis, qualitative interview, observation, workshop, 3D model and analysis of collected data. The result of the study shows a design proposal in an activity-based office environment that includes features based on user needs. The result will be an inspiration to the Business Unit for a possible future implementation. At the same time, it is also an inspiration for other users in office environments that are looking for an activity-based office environment.
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Köhler, Hadia Sabine. "Kopplungen am Arbeitsort." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16736.
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In dieser Arbeit werden außerberufliche Tätigkeiten von Erwerbstätigen in ihrem Arbeitsortumfeld untersucht. Es wird erforscht, welche Aktivitäten Erwerbstätige dort koppeln. Als Einflussfaktoren werden die funktional-räumliche Ausstattung des Arbeitsortumfeldes, deren Wahrnehmung und Bewertung durch die Erwerbstätigen und Merkmale der beruflichen Tätigkeit, Verkehrsmittelwahl und soziodemographische Merkmale betrachtet. Nahmobilität im Arbeitsortumfeld wurde bislang in Deutschland noch nicht explizit untersucht. Damit wurden bisher aus theoretischer Sicht ein bedeutsamer Pol des Aktionsraumes von Personen sowie ein wesentlicher Ansatzpunkt zur planerischen Stärkung der Nahmobilität bzw. der Umsetzung des Leitbildes der Stadt der kurzen Wege vernachlässigt. Eine quantitative Befragung von Angehörigen der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (N = 565) zeigte die Bedeutung des Arbeitsortumfeldes für die Alltagsorganisation in den Bereichen Freizeit, Dienstleistungen und Einzelhandel auf. Zur Beschreibung des Kopplungsverhaltens dienen die Begriffe „Nutzerakzeptanz“, „objektives Nutzungsspektrum“ und „subjektives Nutzungsspektrum“. Es üben 96 % der Personen Aktivitäten im Arbeitsortumfeld aus (Nutzerakzeptanz). Sie konzentrieren ihre Nutzung meist auf wenige Gelegenheiten aus dem Spektrum aller vorhandenen Gelegenheiten (objektives Nutzungsspektrum). Neu eingeführt wird in der vorliegenden Studie das subjektive Nutzungsspektrum als Anteil der genutzten an den subjektiv bekannten Angeboten im Arbeitsortumfeld. Im Vergleich zum objektiven ist das subjektive Nutzungsspektrum deutlich größer. Es konnte ein deutlicher Zusammenhang der Nutzung von Angeboten im Arbeitsortumfeld mit der Stadtstruktur, mit der Verkehrsmittelwahl und mit soziodemographischen Merkmalen der Befragten aufgezeigt werden. Der Zusammenhang des Nutzungsverhaltens mit Merkmalen der Erwerbstätigkeit ist hingegen nicht eindeutig interpretierbar.The present work investigates what non-work activities are trip chained by employees nearby their places of work. As influencing factors the facility mix close to the places of work, its perception and evaluation, occupational characteristics, mode of transport, and sociodemographic factors are taken into account. So far, in (German) research there is a strong tendency to focus on the residential area end of the trip when exploring short-distance mobility patterns. Thus, research left an important part of action space unattended and disregarded an aspect of land use that might be susceptible to successful planning control in order to promote short-distance mobility patterns. A quantitative survey among members of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (N = 565) revealed the importance of the proximity of the place of work for non-work activities in the fields of recreation, services and shopping. The utilisation of facilities is described by the terms “acceptance of facilities by users” (1; “Nutzerakzeptanz”), “objectively used share of facilities” (2; “objektives Nutzungsspektrum”) and “subjectively used share of facilities” (3; “subjektives Nutzungsspektrum”). 96 % of the respondents carry out activities nearby their place of work (1). In doing so, most people concentrate only on a few facilities out of the whole range of facilities offered (2). A new aspect in the present work is the focus on the “subjectively used share of facilities” which describes the portion of used facilities of all facilities known to a person. In comparison to the “objectively used share of facilities” the “subjectively used share of facilities” is bigger. An interrelationship of the utilisation of facilities with facility mix, perception and evaluation of the facilities, choice of transport mode, and sociodemographic characteristics, respectively, was found. The interrelation between the utilization of facilities and occupational characteristics is less clear.
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Samuelsson, Patric, and Amanda Thodén. "Organisatorisk tillit : En kvalitativ studie av en statlig myndighet." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Personal och arbetsliv, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-30543.
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Tillit som begrepp blir allt viktigare som organisatoriskt styrmedel desto mer kunskapsintensiv organisationen blir. I studiens undersökta organisation läggs ett större ansvar på tjänstemannens kunskap samtidigt som verksamheten karaktäriseras av regler och riktlinjer som avspeglas i processtyrning och kontroller som upplevs begränsa ansvaret. Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva och analysera handlingar som påverkar den organisatoriska tilliten hos anställda inom den undersökta statliga myndigheten. För att svara mot studiens syfte har vi genomfört en kvalitativ undersökning bestående av sju semistrukturerade intervjuer med respondenter vars arbetsroll är handläggare. Intervjuerna såväl som interna styrdokument har analyserats och tematiserats utifrån teori som berör organisatorisk tillit. I studien har vi identifierat fem områden som har visat sig vara av större betydande faktorer för organisatorisk tillit hos individerna. Dessa områden som även analyserats är arbetsmängd, arbetssätt och kontroll, förståelse, förändring och kommunikation. Det har framkommit att en känsla av självbestämmande finns, även om arbetet ofta beskrivs innefatta regler, riktlinjer och kontroll. Vår uppfattning är att det råder en hög organisatorisk tillit från de intervjuade handläggarna, något som vi främst menar beror på den byråkratiska strukturen och dess bidragande faktor till det upplevda organisatoriska stödet. Konsekvenserna av den organisatoriska tilliten behöver däremot inte alltid vara positiva. Slutsatser som dragits är att styrningen behöver anpassas utifrån rådande organisationskultur och -struktur för att inte bryta med den normativa styrlogiken så pass att det skapar organisationsstrukturell inlåsning.Trust as a concept is becoming increasingly important as an organizational governance instrument, the more knowledge-intensive the organization becomes. In the organization featured in this study, it appears that greater demands are being placed on the employee's knowledge. At the same time, the organization is often characterized by rules and guidelines that reflect forms of governance and control, which are perceived as limiting individual responsibility. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze actions that affect the organizational trust of employees in a Swedish public-administration organization. In order to respond to the purpose of the study, a qualitative study consisting of seven semi-structured interviews with administrators has been conducted. The interviews have been analyzed thematically using internal policy documents and a theoretical lens within the concept of organizational trust. In this study, we have identified five areas that have shown to be significant factors in the perception of organizational trust by the administrators: workload, working methods and external controls, understanding, change, and communication. It has become apparent that a sense of self-determination exists, even though the work is often characterized by rules, guidelines and external controls. In the interviews a high level of organizational trust came across, something that appears to be linked to the bureaucratic structure and a perceived organizational support. However, the consequences of organizational trust are not always necessarily positive. Conclusions drawn are that the management needs to be adaptable based on the prevailing organizational culture and structure, so as not to break with the normative control logic, which can create organizational structural lock-in.
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Contini, Alice. "Italian racialized women and feminist activism : Exploring discourses of white women in Italian feminist activism work." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Genus, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-175386.
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The starting point of this study is the common assumption that the Italian society is based on a patriarchal ideological system in which racism is often normalized. The binary distinction between women and men in Italian society has evolved into discussions and awareness raising on genderbased violence or violence against women. As intersectionality has become a central point in Italian contemporary feminism, this study uses the analysis of topics related to the historical creation of the idea of Italian-ness, migration and the influence of right-wing politics in current gender related issues as the basis of a feminist Critical Discourse Analysis. With this in mind, using intersectional theory, postcolonial feminism, and studies of whiteness, the study aims at exploring as to which extent the discourses of three white Italian women, who identify as feminist activists, influence the presence of racialized Italian women in their work. This study should create academic data and contribute to a research that is extremely limited on these topics.
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Spriggs, Amy D., Pamela J. Mims, Dijk Wilhelmina van, and Victoria F. Knight. "Examination of the Evidence Base for Using Visual Activity Schedules With Students With Intellectual Disability." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/303.
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We conducted a comprehensive review of the literature to establish the evidence base for using visual activity schedules (VAS) with individuals with intellectual disability. Literature published after 2005 was evaluated for quality using the criteria developed by Horner et al.; a total of 14 studies were included as acceptable. Findings suggest that VAS is an evidence-based practice for teaching a variety of daily living, navigation, vocational, recreation, and academic skills to adolescents and adults with intellectual disability. Results also show increases in independence and on-task behaviors. We conclude the article by discussing limitations and recommendations for future research.
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Dergachyova, Olga. "Knowledge-based support for surgical workflow analysis and recognition." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S059/document.
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L'assistance informatique est devenue une partie indispensable pour la réalisation de procédures chirurgicales modernes. Le désir de créer une nouvelle génération de blocs opératoires intelligents a incité les chercheurs à explorer les problèmes de perception et de compréhension automatique de la situation chirurgicale. Dans ce contexte de prise de conscience de la situation, un domaine de recherche en plein essor adresse la reconnaissance automatique du flux chirurgical. De grands progrès ont été réalisés pour la reconnaissance des phases et des gestes chirurgicaux. Pourtant, il existe encore un vide entre ces deux niveaux de granularité dans la hiérarchie du processus chirurgical. Très peu de recherche se concentre sur les activités chirurgicales portant des informations sémantiques vitales pour la compréhension de la situation. Deux facteurs importants entravent la progression. Tout d'abord, la reconnaissance et la prédiction automatique des activités chirurgicales sont des tâches très difficiles en raison de la courte durée d'une activité, de leur grand nombre et d'un flux de travail très complexe et une large variabilité. Deuxièmement, une quantité très limitée de données cliniques ne fournit pas suffisamment d'informations pour un apprentissage réussi et une reconnaissance précise. À notre avis, avant de reconnaître les activités chirurgicales, une analyse soigneuse des éléments qui composent l'activité est nécessaire pour choisir les bons signaux et les capteurs qui faciliteront la reconnaissance. Nous avons utilisé une approche d'apprentissage profond pour évaluer l'impact de différents éléments sémantiques de l'activité sur sa reconnaissance. Grâce à une étude approfondie, nous avons déterminé un ensemble minimum d'éléments suffisants pour une reconnaissance précise. Les informations sur la structure anatomique et l'instrument chirurgical sont de première importance. Nous avons également abordé le problème de la carence en matière de données en proposant des méthodes de transfert de connaissances à partir d'autres domaines ou chirurgies. Les méthodes de ''word embedding'' et d'apprentissage par transfert ont été proposées. Ils ont démontré leur efficacité sur la tâche de prédiction d'activité suivante offrant une augmentation de précision de 22%. De plus, des observations pertinentesComputer assistance became indispensable part of modern surgical procedures. Desire of creating new generation of intelligent operating rooms incited researchers to explore problems of automatic perception and understanding of surgical situations. Situation awareness includes automatic recognition of surgical workflow. A great progress was achieved in recognition of surgical phases and gestures. Yet, there is still a blank between these two granularity levels in the hierarchy of surgical process. Very few research is focused on surgical activities carrying important semantic information vital for situation understanding. Two important factors impede the progress. First, automatic recognition and prediction of surgical activities is a highly challenging task due to short duration of activities, their great number and a very complex workflow with multitude of possible execution and sequencing ways. Secondly, very limited amount of clinical data provides not enough information for successful learning and accurate recognition. In our opinion, before recognizing surgical activities a careful analysis of elements that compose activity is necessary in order to chose right signals and sensors that will facilitate recognition. We used a deep learning approach to assess the impact of different semantic elements of activity on its recognition. Through an in-depth study we determined a minimal set of elements sufficient for an accurate recognition. Information about operated anatomical structure and surgical instrument was shown to be the most important. We also addressed the problem of data deficiency proposing methods for transfer of knowledge from other domains or surgeries. The methods of word embedding and transfer learning were proposed. They demonstrated their effectiveness on the task of next activity prediction offering 22% increase in accuracy. In addition, pertinent observations about the surgical practice were made during the study. In this work, we also addressed the problem of insufficient and improper validation of recognition methods. We proposed new validation metrics and approaches for assessing the performance that connect methods to targeted applications and better characterize capacities of the method. The work described in this these aims at clearing obstacles blocking the progress of the domain and proposes a new perspective on the problem of surgical workflow recognition
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Aronsson, Henrik, and Paul Kato. "Brand activism, does it work? : A quantitative study on how advertising that contains elements of social activism affects consumer-based brand equity and how it in turn affects consumer purchasing engagement." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-54508.
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Date: 3 June Level: Master Thesis in Business Administration, 15 credits Institution: School of Business, Society and Engineering, Mälardalen University Authors: Paul Kato (95/03/11) and Henrik Aronsson (95/10/29) Title: Brand Activism, does it work? Tutor: Edward Gillmore Keywords: Brand activism, brand equity, social activism, attitudes, woke washing Research questions: a. How is the consumer-based brand equity affected by a company’s use of social activism in its marketing? b. How does this in turn affect consumer purchasing engagement? Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate how consumers respond tosocial activism advertisements and how it influences their purchaseengagement. Method: The method used in this thesis is a quantitative research with anabductive research approach. The data has been collected through anonline survey and received 504 responses. Conclusion: Advertising that contains social activism has an overly positive impact onconsumer attitudes, purchasing engagement, and corporate consumerbasedbrand equity.
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Slawson, Deborah, William T. Dalton, Taylor McKeehan Dula, Jodi Southerland, Liang Wang, Mary Ann Littleton, Diana Mozen, et al. "College Students as Facilitators in Reducing Adolescent Obesity Disparity in Southern Appalachia: Team up for Healthy Living." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5113.
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The proportion of obese adolescents in Southern Appalachia is among the highest in the nation. Through funding from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities — National Institutes of Health, the Team Up for Healthy Living project was a cluster-randomized trial targeting obesity prevention in adolescents through a cross-peer intervention. The specific aims of the project were to: 1) develop a peer-based health education program focusing on establishing positive peer norms towards healthy eating and physical activity (PA) among high school students, 2) test program efficacy, and 3) explore mechanisms underlying the program. The study was guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior, which presupposes that human behavior is primarily driven by attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and social support. To deliver the intervention, undergraduate students from the disciplines of public health, nutrition, and kinesiology were hired as peer facilitators. Ten area high schools were invited to participate, were matched on demographics and then randomized to intervention or control. The primary outcomes of the study included body mass status, dietary behaviors, PA, and sedentary behaviors which were assessed at baseline and at three and twelve months post baseline. Intervention schools received Team Up for Healthy Living curriculum, which consists of eight 40-minute sessions. The curriculum focused on improving nutrition awareness, PA, leadership and communication. Control schools received their regularly scheduled Lifetime Wellness curriculum. The long-term goal of the study was to establish an effective academia–community partnership program to address adolescent obesity disparity in Southern Appalachia.
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Loukkareva, Marsella, and Linus Kindstedt. "En resa genom det aktivitetsbaserade kontoret : En kvalitativ studie om fysisk och psykosocial arbetsmiljö." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32315.
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Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att ge en ökad förståelse för ledningens avsikter och anställdas upplevelse gällande arbetsmiljö i det aktivitetsbaserade kontoret. Teoretisk referensram: Den teoretiska referensramen grundar sig i två områden, fysisk och psykosocial arbetsmiljö. Fysisk arbetsmiljö behandlar i denna studie faktorer som fysisk struktur, färger, ljud, ljus och växter. Den psykosociala arbetsmiljön i studien utgår från karaktärsdrag hos det aktivitetsbaserade kontoret, självständighet och gemenskap. Metod: Metodvalen i denna studie är semistrukturerade intervjuer och observationer. Intervjuerna och observationerna har genomförts på företagen Identity Works och SJ. Personal från ledning och övriga anställda från respektive företag har deltagit i intervjuerna. Empiri: Det empiriska materialet är insamlat från totalt sju intervjuer och två observationer. Två intervjuer har genomförts med personer från arbetsledningen för att ta reda på vad de har för avsikter. Fem intervjuer har genomförts med anställda för att ta reda på hur de upplever det aktivitetsbaserade kontoret. Observationerna har genomförts i syfte att uppleva kontoret och se hur människor arbetar där. Slutsatser: Studien kom kortfattat fram till att ledningens avsikter är att skapa en så bra arbetsmiljö som möjligt för de anställda gällande hur de utformar kontoret, hur de arbetar med ljud och ljus samt vilken inredning och färger de väljer att ha. De anställda upplever det aktivitetsbaserade kontoret som positivt där de upplever en stor självständighet och gemenskap.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to obtain an increased understanding of the management’s intentions and the employees’ experiences of the working environment in activity-based offices. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework is divided in two parts, physical and psychosocial working environment. The physical working environment deals with factors such as physical structure, colors, sound, light as well as plants. The psychosocial working environment includes the characteristics of the activity-based office, autonomy and fellowship. Method: Semi-structured interviews and observations are conducted. The interviews and observations have been conducted at the companies Identity Works and SJ. The interviews have been conducted at both management level and with the employees at both companies. Empirics: The empirical material is collected from seven interviews. Two interviews with employees at the management level, to see what their intentions are with the activity-based office. Five interviews were conducted with employees to see how they experience the office. Conclusions: This study concludes that the management´s purpose is to create a good working environment for the employees. This is done through the design of the office, how they construct the office regarding sound, light, plants and colors. The employees experience the activity-based office positively where they sense a large degree of independence and fellowship.
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Yegorova, Olga. "#NiUnaMenosBolivia fights back : A discourse theoretical analysis on the struggle against gender-based violence in Bolivia." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-332516.
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Femicides are not a new phenomenon. Marches involving thousands of people all around the Latin American continent to fight them, however, is. Ni Una Menos - Not one woman less - is the slogan that also mobilized Bolivians to mass-based protests in November 2016.This thesis investigates the counterpublic of #NiUnaMenosBolivia for the purpose of understanding its discursively articulated identities. A multidisciplinary discourse theoretical analysis combines Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe’s discourse theory with Nancy Fraser’s contributions to the struggle over needs of counterpublics to examine textual, photographic and ethnographic data.Two levels of identities of #NiUnaMenos are extracted from the investigation: Internal agonistic identities pinpoint at the friction between the representors and the represented identities of the counterpublic. A collective identity evolves in the context of the struggle for justice, freedom and dignity through the construction of an antagonistic “Others” who are held responsible for femicidal violence.This study builds a bridge between feminist activism and academic discourse for feminist studies of the region. It further develops and exemplifies a methodological toolkit for a theoretically based discourse analysis on contemporary women’s movements.
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Forsberg, Anette. "Kamp för bygden : En etnologisk studie av lokalt utvecklingsarbete." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-35318.
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When collective action for community is defined as local development or as a struggle for survival different understandings are in focus. Politically, this kind of community action is defined as local development and understood in terms of growth and economics. An economic approach to community action is also emphasised in the EU-programmes that support local development groups and projects. On the other hand local groups describe their activities as a struggle for community and community survival. Inspired by feministic research approaches and with an interest in human aspects and values this study investigates meanings of community action as experienced and expressed by rural inhabitants and activists. The study is based on fieldwork that was carried out in a small rural community in the northern inlands of Sweden: Trehörningsjö. Since the middle of the 1990s, the women in Trehörningsjö have driven collective action to uphold the community. With its point of departure in the community and expanding into the arenas of reserach and politics, the study takes on the form of a reflexive research process in which the researcher's former knowledge and new understandings are made visible and discussed parallel with the interpretations made. The main focus of the study is the activist's demand of voice, visibility and worth. The first chapter presents the local community and provides a background to the study. The chapter includes an account of the reflexive approach that widened the field of research from a local to a translocal study of community action. In chapters two, three, four and five the struggle for community is reflected through fieldwork experiences in Trehörningsjö and other arenas beyond the village. Situated events and instances of collective action such as the fight for the local health care centre, are analysed as symbolic expressions of community values and rural importance. From chapter two and onwards, the study follows the footsteps of the leading female activist in and beyond the community itself; that is, the day-to-day work, meetings, conferences and other places where community action is acted out. The struggle for community is proven to focus on translocal rather than local action. In chapter six the fieldwork experiences - that tell about resistance and a struggle for community values and perspectives - are placed in the wider context of the rural development movement, local development research and governmental rural policy in Sweden. On all these arenas community action tend to be interpreted as local development in line with a growth perspective, rather than as community protests and struggles that expresses other meanings. Chapter seven takes the analyses and discussion further, and relates community struggle to concepts such as civil society and social economy. Anthony Giddens concept of life politics and Alberto Meluccis concept of collective action are used to deepen the analysis on how humane meanings and relation based aspects of community action are made invisible on the political "growht and development" agenda. Community struggle presents a possibility for rural inhabitants to (re)define and reclaim their community and themselves as important and valuable. However, to be able to understand what the concept of community struggle expresses, and demands, it needs to be acknowledged as a form of action that has the potential to challenge established bureaucratic and political defintions, which, in practice, proves to be difficult.
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Fenollosa, Artés Felip. "Contribució a l'estudi de la impressió 3D per a la fabricació de models per facilitar l'assaig d'operacions quirúrgiques de tumors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667421.
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La present tesi doctoral s’ha centrat en el repte d’aconseguir, mitjançant Fabricació Additiva (FA), models per a assaig quirúrgic, sota la premissa que els equips per fer-los haurien de ser accessibles a l’àmbit hospitalari. L’objectiu és facilitar l’extensió de l’ús dels prototips com a eina de preparació d’operacions quirúrgiques, transformant la pràctica mèdica actual de la mateixa manera que en el seu moment ho van fer tecnologies com les que van facilitar l’ús de radiografies. El motiu d’utilitzar FA, en lloc de tecnologies més tradicionals, és la seva capacitat de materialitzar de forma directa les dades digitals obtingudes de l’anatomia del pacient mitjançant sistemes d’escanejat tridimensional, fent possible l’obtenció de models personalitzats. Els resultats es centren en la generació de nou coneixement sobre com aconseguir equipaments d’impressió 3D multimaterials accessibles que permetin l’obtenció de models mimètics respecte als teixits vius. Per facilitar aquesta buscada extensió de la tecnologia, s’ha focalitzat en les tecnologies de codi obert com la Fabricació per Filament Fos (FFF) i similars basades en líquids catalitzables. La recerca s’alinea dins l’activitat de desenvolupament de la FA al CIM UPC, i en aquest àmbit concret amb la col·laboració amb l’Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona (HSJD). El primer bloc de la tesi inclou la descripció de l’estat de l’art, detallant les tecnologies existents i la seva aplicació a l’entorn mèdic. S’han establert per primer cop unes bases de caracterització dels teixits vius -sobretot tous- per donar suport a la selecció de materials que els puguin mimetitzar en un procés de FA, a efectes de millorar l’experiència d’assaig dels cirurgians. El caràcter rígid dels materials majoritàriament usats en impressió 3D els fa poc útils per simular tumors i altres referències anatòmiques. De forma successiva, es tracten paràmetres com la densitat, la viscoelasticitat, la caracterització dels materials tous a la indústria, l’estudi del mòdul elàstic de teixits tous i vasos, la duresa d’aquests, i requeriments com l’esterilització dels models. El segon bloc comença explorant la impressió 3D mitjançant FFF. Es classifiquen les variants del procés des del punt de vista de la multimaterialitat, essencial per fer models d’assaig quirúrgic, diferenciant entre solucions multibroquet i de barreja al capçal. S’ha inclòs l’estudi de materials (filaments i líquids) que serien més útils per mimetitzar teixits tous. Es constata com en els líquids, en comparació amb els filaments, la complexitat del treball en processos de FA és més elevada, i es determinen formes d’imprimir materials molt tous. Per acabar, s’exposen sis casos reals de col·laboració amb l’HJSD, una selecció d’aquells en els que el doctorand ha intervingut en els darrers anys. L’origen es troba en la dificultat de l’abordatge d’operacions de resecció de tumors infantils com el neuroblastoma, i a la iniciativa del Dr. Lucas Krauel. Finalment, el Bloc 3 té per objecte explorar nombrosos conceptes (fins a 8), activitat completada al llarg dels darrers cinc anys amb el suport dels mitjans del CIM UPC i de l’activitat associada a treballs finals d’estudis d’estudiants de la UPC, arribant-se a materialitzar equipaments experimentals per validar-los. La recerca ampla i sistemàtica al respecte fa que s’estigui més a prop de disposar d’una solució d’impressió 3D multimaterial de sobretaula. Es determina que la millor via de progrés és la de disposar d’una pluralitat de capçals independents a fi de capacitar la impressora 3D per integrar diversos conceptes estudiats, materialitzant-se una possible solució. Cloent la tesi, es planteja com seria un equipament d’impressió 3D per a models d’assaig quirúrgic, a fi de servir de base per a futurs desenvolupaments.La presente tesis doctoral se ha centrado en el reto de conseguir, mediante Fabricación Aditiva (FA), modelos para ensayo quirúrgico, bajo la premisa que los equipos para obtenerlos tendrían que ser accesibles al ámbito hospitalario. El objetivo es facilitar la extensión del uso de modelos como herramienta de preparación de operaciones quirúrgicas, transformando la práctica médica actual de la misma manera que, en su momento, lo hicieron tecnologías como las que facilitaron el uso de radiografías. El motivo de utilizar FA, en lugar de tecnologías más tradicionales, es su capacidad de materializar de forma directa los datos digitales obtenidos de la anatomía del paciente mediante sistemas de escaneado tridimensional, haciendo posible la obtención de modelos personalizados. Los resultados se centran en la generación de nuevo conocimiento para conseguir equipamientos de impresión 3D multimateriales accesibles que permitan la obtención de modelos miméticos respecto a los tejidos vivos. Para facilitar la buscada extensión de la tecnología, se ha focalizado en las tecnologías de código abierto como la Fabricación por Hilo Fundido (FFF) y similares basadas en líquidos catalizables. Esta investigación se alinea dentro de la actividad de desarrollo de la FA en el CIM UPC, y en este ámbito concreto con la colaboración con el Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona (HSJD). El primer bloque de la tesis incluye la descripción del estado del arte, detallando las tecnologías existentes y su aplicación al entorno médico. Se han establecido por primera vez unas bases de caracterización de los tejidos vivos – principalmente blandos – para dar apoyo a la selección de materiales que los puedan mimetizar en un proceso de FA, a efectos de mejorar la experiencia de ensayo de los cirujanos. El carácter rígido de los materiales mayoritariamente usados en impresión 3D los hace poco útiles para simular tumores y otras referencias anatómicas. De forma sucesiva, se tratan parámetros como la densidad, la viscoelasticidad, la caracterización de materiales blandos en la industria, el estudio del módulo elástico de tejidos blandos y vasos, la dureza de los mismos, y requerimientos como la esterilización de los modelos. El segundo bloque empieza explorando la impresión 3D mediante FFF. Se clasifican las variantes del proceso desde el punto de vista de la multimaterialidad, esencial para hacer modelos de ensayo quirúrgico, diferenciando entre soluciones multiboquilla y de mezcla en el cabezal. Se ha incluido el estudio de materiales (filamentos y líquidos) que serían más útiles para mimetizar tejidos blandos. Se constata como en los líquidos, en comparación con los filamentos, la complejidad del trabajo en procesos de FA es más elevada, y se determinan formas de imprimir materiales muy blandos. Para acabar, se exponen seis casos reales de colaboración con el HJSD, una selección de aquellos en los que el doctorando ha intervenido en los últimos años. El origen se encuentra en la dificultad del abordaje de operaciones de resección de tumores infantiles como el neuroblastoma, y en la iniciativa del Dr. Lucas Krauel. Finalmente, el Bloque 3 desarrolla numerosos conceptos (hasta 8), actividad completada a lo largo de los últimos cinco años con el apoyo de los medios del CIM UPC y de la actividad asociada a trabajos finales de estudios de estudiantes de la UPC, llegándose a materializar equipamientos experimentales para validarlos. La investigación amplia y sistemática al respecto hace que se esté más cerca de disponer de una solución de impresión 3D multimaterial de sobremesa. Se determina que la mejor vía de progreso es la de disponer de una pluralidad de cabezales independientes, a fin de capacitar la impresora 3D para integrar diversos conceptos estudiados, materializándose una posible solución. Para cerrar la tesis, se plantea cómo sería un equipamiento de impresión 3D para modelos de ensayo quirúrgico, a fin de servir de base para futuros desarrollos.
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Schmidt, Benedikt. "Information Work Support Based on Activity Data." Phd thesis, 2013. https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/3652/1/Schmidt_Information%20Work%20Support%20Based%20on%20Activity%20Data.pdf.
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In industrial and post industrial nations like Germany and the USA more than a quarter of the workforce mainly works with information. Most of the work done by these information workers is the production, supervision and dissemination of information at computer workplaces. Information workers frequently works on multiple tasks in parallel. Few guidelines regulate and structure the work process. Therefore, the successful execution of the work requires a high degree of individual planning.
A common effect of ad-hoc executions of multiple tasks are memory failures: Planned activities are forgotten (prospective memory failures), or the recall of work processes' status and involved information objects fails (retrospective memory failures). The computer---a multitasking machine---even increases the likelihood of memory failures due to an increased number of activities executed in parallel.
This dissertation investigates methods to decrease the likelihood of memory failures in information work at the computer workplace. The effort leads to the design of a tool that provides support for information work based on externalized activity data. This document is structured as follows:
1)The first part investigates information work from the perspectives of psychology, organization theory and sociology. Identified characteristics of information work relevant for this dissertation are captured in an ideal type. This includes the specification of the information work process at the computer workplace as being coordinated by interruptions and as being composed of logical units of work, so called knowledge actions and desktop operations.
2) The second part proposes a system design method which facilitates the analysis of work processes that can be typically observed in information work. The method seamlessly integrates into the user-centred design method. Work is modeled and analyzed in terms of so called activity system models based on activity theory and action regulation theory. System model and analysis realize two important elements of the user-centred design method: the context of use analysis and the requirement specification. The specified method is applied to the domain of information work, resulting in requirements for a tool to decrease the likelihood of memory failures in information work.
3) The third part develops methods to address memory failures in information work based on activity data. The developed methods address the requirements previously identified by applying the system design method (part 2) to the identified ideal type (part 1). The methods are implemented and evaluated in a demonstrator:
a) Activity Data:
A fundamental contribution to address memory failures is the collection of information about the work process. To realize this, methods to capture, analyze and organize interaction histories are developed. A core element of the process is activity mining, which is a method to identify activities in interaction histories even if the activities were interrupted during the execution process. Activity mining is modeled as a clustering problem. The proposed activity mining methods show better results than the state of the art with respect to the identification of activities. Furthermore, the proposed activity mining methods extract more details about the work execution process than the state of the art.
b) Methods to Address Memory Failures:
Based on the extracted activity data the goal of this work is realized---support methods to address memory failures at the computer workplace are developed. A support method design space to address memory failures is created. The design space is structured along three support directions (exploration, organization, recommendation). For each support direction, a respective user support method has been designed: 1) Activity-centric task management, which leverages activity data to facilitate task management and to support the recall of ongoing activities and respective work processes. 2) An interactive activity history, which enables the exploration of activity data in a work history visualization to support the recall of earlier work processes. 3) A recommender system, which analyzes the most recent work activities of the user to propose useful information objects like emails, files and websites. The system can be configured to support for more multitasking oriented or for more focused work.
c) Transparency Tool:
The support methods have been implemented in a demonstrator named Transparency. Using the demonstrator an evaluation of the support methods with a focus on memory support was conducted. The evaluation results indicate that the support methods decrease the likelihood of prospective and retrospective memory failures for information work at the computer workplace.
The scientific contributions of this dissertation address two domains. On the one hand, information work support. Methods are developed which decrease the likelihood of prospective and retrospective memory failures based on activity data. On the other hand, system design methods. A method is introduced to design systems for work types which involve a high degree of individual planning.
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Shahtaheri, Maryam. "Setting Target Rates for Construction Activity Analysis Categories." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/6640.
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This thesis is focused on increasing productive actions in construction by a procedure known as Activity Analysis. Activity Analysis is a continuous productivity improvement tool for identifying barriers to site productivity with the goal of decreasing them and thereby increasing the direct work rate. A preceding study validated this approach, however it had two limitations. No reevaluation was conducted on projects in Canada by the authors, and not enough resources or data were available to understand behaviour of the activity rates in absolute value terms across many projects. Based on three case studies and data collected over 17 days by the author and a colleague, Activity Analysis was validated as being applicable in Canadian conditions. A desired value, known as a target rate, was then studied in order to be able to set expectations with respect to the productivity to be achieved in each cycle. The premise behind setting a “target rate” is that 100% direct work is neither possible nor desirable, since some time must always be spent on communications and planning. However, a higher direct work rate is generally better than a lower rate. Thus, a target rate is needed. A mathematical model called ANFIS was developed as a means of setting the desired level of activities. Through consideration of a variety of factors that affect labour productivity, the developed model was trained based on 65 data points. The model was found to be easy to use and flexible enough to be appropriate for all of the factors considered. Based on the data points available from 5 different past projects and 3 recent projects and the experience associated with these projects, three additional methods of defining the target rate were developed. The impact of these results is that companies now have appropriate methods and an initial data set for industrial construction in order to establish target rates for direct work and supporting activities. This should help reduce project costs and improve productivity.
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Kochan, Thomas. "From Three to One: Integrating a High Performance Work Organization Process, Lean Production and Activity Based Costing Change Initiatives. Boeing Corporation, Wichita, Kansas, IAM, 2000." 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/1596.
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In 1997, Boeing and IAM launched an HPWO after introducing lean production initiatives in 1994 and Activity Based Costing (ABC) in 1996. Management and union leaders wanted to empower the workforce and enhance the competitiveness of the operations. After a slow and difficult path of diffusion, they need to decide how to best integrate these separate improvement programs into a single initiative. Boeing's engineering culture needs to work with the pragmatic workforce in Wichita. Workers fear losing products and projects to other Boeing facilities and have concerns about leadership turnover and follow-through. The HPWO helped managers recognize the importance of unions. Still, all three initiatives need a broader base of support.
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Bernardo, Christina. "An empirical investigation into the time-use and activity patterns of dual-earner couples with and without young children." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/20007.
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This thesis examines the time-use patterns of adults in dual-earner households with and without children as a function of several individual and household socio-demographics and employment characteristics. A disaggregate activity purpose classification including both in-home and out-of-home activity pursuits is used because of the travel demand relevance of out-of-home pursuits, as well as to examine both mobility-related and general time-use related social exclusion and time poverty issues. The study uses the Nested Multiple Discrete Continuous Extreme Value (MDCNEV) model, which recognizes that time-decisions entail the choice of participating in one or more activity purposes along with the amount of time to invest in each chosen activity purpose, and allows generic correlation structures to account for common unobserved factors that might impact the choice of multiple alternatives. The 2010 American Time Use Survey (ATUS) data is used for the empirical analysis. A major finding of the study is that the presence of a child in dual-earner households not only leads to a reduction in in-home activity participation but also a substantially larger decrease in out-of-home activity participation, suggesting a higher level of mobility-related social exclusion relative to overall time-use social exclusion. To summarize, the results in the thesis underscore the importance of re-designing work policies in the United States to facilitate a reduction in work-family conflict in dual-earner families.text
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Ziemelis, Stella, and Anna Bladini. "Vägen till hållbara kontorsmiljöer : En studie om betydelsen av medarbetares delaktighet vid implementering av aktivitetsbaserade kontor." Thesis, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-238459.
Full textAbstract:
Sammanfattning Bakgrund. Den globala konkurrensen ställer ständigt krav på ökad produktivitet och ökad effektivitet. En effekt av detta är att det uppstår nya sätt att organisera arbetet. Nya arbetsformer kan innebära såväl möjligheter som utmaningar ur ett arbetsmiljöperspektiv. En hållbar arbetsmiljö på kontoret är en arbetsmiljö där medarbetare oavsett individuella förutsättningar och/eller behov kan arbeta, vara delaktiga och prestera under ett helt arbetsliv. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att studera planeringsprocessen hos ett företag eller organisation som genomfört förändringar till ett aktivitetsbaserat kontor och att analysera nöjdheten med den fysiska arbetsmiljön ur ett medarbetar- och delaktighetsperspektiv. Metod: Studien utgör en del av projektet “Projektering och planering av nya arbetsmiljöer” som drivs av en forskargrupp vid KTH (Kungliga Tekniska högskolan). Ansatsen var både kvantitativ och kvalitativ där webbaserad enkät och individuella telefonintervjuer användes som datainsamlingsmetoder. Teoretisk bakgrund: Det har skett förändringar inom utformningen av kontorsmiljöer i Sverige. Idag har trenden kommit till det aktivitetsbaserade kontoret som erbjuder olika typer av arbetsplatser anpassade för de arbetsuppgifter som förekommer. Det är fortfarande oklart vilka effekterna blir för medarbetaren och för organisationen då ett aktivitetsbaserat kontor innebär ett nytt arbetssätt. Det är viktigt att medarbetarna är delaktiga i processen för att skapa en hälsofrämjande arbetsplats samt för att uppnå uppställda mål vid en kontorsförändring. Resultat och slutsats: Delaktighet är en viktig faktor men inte den enda av betydelse vid en implementering av ett aktivitetsbaserat kontor. Medarbetare som varit delaktiga i planeringsprocessen bidrar med värdefulla erfarenheter om vikten av förberedelser, information och behovskartläggningar. Fördjupning av begreppet delaktighet rekommenderas vara en del av förberedelsearbetet för att säkerställa att hela organisationen har en samsyn vad delaktighet innebär. Nyckelord: Aktivitetsbaserade kontor, arbetsmiljö, ergonomi, utvärdering, framgångsfaktorerAbstract Background: Global competition continually demands increased productivity and increased efficiency. One effect of this is the emergence of new ways of organizing work. New forms of work can involve both opportunities and challenges from a working environment perspective. In a sustainable office work environment an employee, irrespective of individual circumstances and/or needs, can work, participate and perform throughout an entire working life. Aim: The purpose of this study was to look at the planning process of a company or organization that implemented changes to an activity based flexible office (A-FO) and to analyze the satisfaction regarding the physical work environment from an employee- and participation perspective. Method: The study was a part of the project "Designing and planning of new working environments", run by a research group at KTH (Royal Institute of Technology). The approach was both quantitative and qualitative, where web-based surveys and individual telephone interviews were conducted as data collection methods. Theory: There have been changes in the design of office environments in Sweden. The current trend is the A-FO that is designed for different types of work settings and are supposed to be adapted to the activities that occur. It is still unclear what the consequences are for the employees and for the organization. Relocating to an A-FO involves a new way of working. It is important that employees are involved in the entire process of creating a health promoting workplace and for achieving the goals set for an office change. Results and conclusion: Participation is an important factor, but not the only one, when implementing an A-FO. Employees who have participated in the planning process provide valuable experiences on the importance of preparation, information and needs mapping. Deepening of the concept of participation is recommended to be part of the preparatory work to ensure that the entire organization has a consensus regarding the meaning of participation. Keywords: Activity-based office, work environment, ergonomics, evaluation, best practice
Projektering och planering av nya arbetsmiljöer
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Paone, Molly. "Experiences of a recreation based support program in a Norwegian city: young people's voices." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/17820.
Full textAbstract:
Youth with diffculties in their home lives are an often invisible minority in Norway.
Norwegian policy makers fund many youth recreational programs attempting to interrupt the
social exclusion of young people. Yet, concerns persist that universalist approaches may not
be effective at targeting marginalized populations. This study provides an ethnographic look at
one recreation based program using trauma-informed care to provide specialized support for
young people with diffculties in their home lives. Through over-night camp experiences
Ventilene seeks to offer opportunities to accomplish activities and to nurture positive peer and
mentor relationships.
In my research, I highlight the voices of some of the young people in the Ventilene program.
As a volunteer with Ventilene, I interviewed 4 participants and 2 former participants and
leaders, all 18+ years old. Emphasizing their perspectives on the role of Ventilene in their
lives, I explore how some of Ventilene’s stated goals compare with what the young people
think about the program. Across a month of weekend camps I also conducted overt participant
observation with about 20 youth participants and 10 adult leaders. These observations
included the experiences of minors and illustrate Ventilene’s practices.
A thematic analysis of the data characterizes Ventilene as a safe space to be seen, heard, and
accepted. Interview participants expressed the sense of belonging they developed by having
this space to build loving relationships with peers and mentors with similar diffculties. Some
interview participants indicate these relationships helped to diminish their risk of social
exclusion and suicide. Concerning youth participation and empowerment, I recommend
Ventilene offer more leadership and cooperative power together opportunities for young
people. Doing so may empower the young people in their transition to adulthood.
These fndings are relevant to Norwegian policy seeking to interrupt social exclusion. Beyond
the Norwegian context, the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child article 31
guarantees all children the right to recreation. Ventilene uses many intuitive practices which
could be replicable in a variety of settings. As recreation programs continue to develop
globally, it is important to give their potential as a youth outreach space more consideration.
Developing recreational programs targeting an under-served population of young people may
better provide them with specialized supports and empowering relationships.
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Rosenberg, Isaac. "“A Lifetime of Activism”: doing feminist men’s work from a social justice paradigm." Thesis, 2017. https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/8636.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis focuses on the projects and experiences of social justice organizers who place an emphasis on working to address heteropatriarchy and its impacts, work that I call men’s work. In particular, these are organizers who take an intersectional, social justice approach to this work. In order to recognize who organizers are and the kinds of projects they engage in, I describe four major project themes within men’s work and briefly explore their potentials and pitfalls according to those who are involved in them. I then analyze a number of the various considerations, tensions, and difficulties that arise for these organizers, particularly the personal and interpersonal components. In order to support organizers to be resilient and successful when faced with these issues, I conclude by sharing a variety of ways they may choose to navigate the various complexities they encounter in their organizing and in their communities.Graduate
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Brunet, Katherine. "Lieu de travail basé sur l’activité : une étude de cas dans le secteur des services financiers." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24407.
Full textAbstract:
Le monde du travail étant en constante évolution, l’utilisation des nouvelles technologies d’information et de communication a transformé les façons de travailler et permettent aujourd’hui l’adoption de nouvelles formes d’organisation du travail (New ways of working) plus flexibles offrant aux organisations de nombreux avantages notamment d’ordre financier, organisationnel, et environnemental. La vie professionnelle étant davantage numérique, informelle, flexible et mobile qu’auparavant, de nombreuses organisations ont adopté de nouvelles formes d’organisation du travail comme celle du lieu de travail basé sur l’activité (Activity-based flexible office). Le lieu de travail basé sur l’activité est caractérisé par l’ouverture de l’environnement de travail, l’utilisation flexible des espaces de travail liés à l’activité, le partage de poste de travail (poste de travail non assigné) et l’utilisation des technologies d’information et de communication.
Bien que plusieurs recherches portent sur les nouvelles formes d’organisation du travail, peu de recherches portent sur l’influence du lieu de travail basé sur l’activité sur le bien-être, la satisfaction, la motivation et la performance des employés. Cette étude vise à explorer les effets d’un tel lieu de travail au niveau individuel. Plusieurs questions se posent. Est-ce que les employés travaillant dans un lieu de travail basé sur l’activité ont un niveau supérieur de bien-être au travail? Sont-ils plus satisfaits? Sont-ils plus motivés? Sont-ils plus performants? Afin de tenter de répondre à ces questions, cette étude s’inspire du modèle théorique de Wohlers et Hertel (2017). Ce modèle illustre, entre autres, les conséquences qu’un lieu de travail basé sur l’activité a sur le travail au niveau individuel.
La recherche consiste en une étude de cas auprès d’une institution financière qui a réaménagé ses locaux et propose maintenant un aménagement décloisonné doté de postes de travail non assignés afin de permettre aux employés de choisir l’endroit de leur choix en fonction de la nature du travail à effectuer. Trente entretiens semi-dirigés ont été réalisés avec des employés clés.
Les résultats de la recherche indiquent que le lieu de travail basé sur l’activité a des effets positifs au niveau individuel. Ainsi, de façon générale, les résultats mettent en évidence que cette forme d’organisation du travail a des effets positifs sur le bien-être, la satisfaction, la motivation et la performance des employés.As the world of work is constantly evolving, the use of new information and communication technologies allows the adoption of new ways of working, more flexible solutions, that provide organizations with many benefits, such as financial, organizational and environmental benefits. As working life is more digital, informal, flexible and mobile than ever before, many organizations have adopted new ways of working such as the Activity-based flexible office. The activity-based flexible office is characterized by the openness of the work environment, the flexible use of activity-related workspaces, workstation sharing (unassigned workstation) and the use of information and communication technologies. Although many researches focus on new ways of working, there is little research on the influence of the activity-based flexible office on the well-being, satisfaction, motivation and performance of employees. This study aims to explore the effects of such a workplace at the individual level. Several questions arise. Do employees working in an activity-based flexible office have a higher level of well-being at work? Are they more satisfied? Are they more motivated? Do they perform better? In an attempt to answer these questions, this study is inspired by the theoretical model of Wohlers and Hertel (2017). This model illustrates, among other things, the consequences that an activity-based flexible office has on work at the individual level. The research consists of a case study of a financial institution that has redeveloped its premises and now offers an open-plan layout with unassigned workstations to allow employees to choose the location of their choice according to the nature of the work to be done. Thirty semi-structured interviews were conducted with key employees. The research results indicate that the activity-based flexible office has positive effects at the individual level. Thus, in general, the results highlight that this form of work organization has positive effects on the well-being, satisfaction, motivation and performance of employees.
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Pitacas, João. "Modelo Operacional dos Corpos de Bombeiros à Escala Intermunicipal." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/35505.
Full textAbstract:
Os Corpos de Bombeiros (CB) contam com uma rede de quartéis implantada em todo o território nacional, atualmente organizada por um modelo baseado nos limites territoriais das NUTS (Nomenclatura das Unidades Territoriais para Fins Estatísticos). Será, portanto, possível rentabilizar a rede de CB no patamar sub-regional, através da implementação de critérios de desempenho dos CB, entre eles, a população abrangida dentro dos tempos de resposta convencionados.
O objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma reorganização operacional da rede de quartéis já implantada nas Sub-Regiões da Lezíria do Tejo e Médio Tejo, tendo como base um modelo da Rede Principal dos Serviços Operacionais dos Corpos de Bombeiros em Portugal Continental. Para tal, definiram-se critérios com vista à constituição de Agrupamentos de CB, que partilhando entre si áreas de atuação, permite priorizar o despacho de meios baseado no tempo de resposta dentro dos limites dos Agrupamentos. A aplicação dos critérios contemplando a rede viária existente e a distribuição da população residente, permitiu, recorrendo ao software QGIS®, aferir as zonas com necessidade de reforço da rede de quartéis.
Aplicado o modelo à área de estudo, verificou-se um aumento de 18,4% (1.401 km2) de área e de 6,1% da população (30.524 habitantes) abrangidas dentro dos tempos de referência (10 e 20 minutos). Para garantir a atividade operacional nos 24 municípios abrangidos, a rede de CB contaria 24 quartéis sede e 22 postos avançados (reforço da atual rede com 8), guarnecidos no mínimo por um efetivo total de 1.897 bombeiros profissionais.
O facto da rede de quartéis já se encontrar implantada no território alvo de estudo e apenas necessitar de reforços pontuais, deveria ser atualmente um fator desencadeador de interesse na sua rentabilização por parte das várias entidades envolvidas.Fire Departments (CB) have a network of barracks deployed throughout the national territory, currently organized by a model based on the territorial limits of the NUTS (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistical Purposes). Therefore, it will be possible to improve the fire department network at the sub-regional level, through the implementation of fire departments performance criteria, including the population coverage within the settled response times. The objective of this work is to propose an operational reorganization of the barracks network already implemented in the Sub-Regions of Lezíria do Tejo and Médio Tejo, based on a model of the Main Network of Operational Services for Fire Brigades in Mainland Portugal. To this end, criteria were defined with a view to the constitution of CB Groups, which sharing areas of activity among themselves, allows prioritizing the dispatch of means based on the response time within the limits of the Groups. The application of the criteria covering the existing road network and the distribution of the resident population, allowed, using the QGIS® software, to assess the areas in need of reinforcement of the barracks network. Applying the model to the Lezíria do Tejo and Médio Tejo sub-regions, there was an increase of 18,4% (1.401 km2) in area and 6,1% of the population (30.524 inhabitants) covered within the reference times (10 and 20 minutes). In order to guarantee operational activity in the 24 municipalities covered, the fire departments network would consist of a total of 24 headquarters and 22 outposts with a minimum of 1.897 professional firefighters. The fact that the barracks network is already implanted in the study target territory and only needs occasional reinforcements, should be a triggering factor of interest in its profitability by the various entities involved.