To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Activity therapy.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Activity therapy'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Activity therapy.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Ralph, Christina. "Modulation of T regulatory activity for cancer therapy." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/modulation-of-t-regulatory-activity-for-cancer-therapy(7e39408d-9790-4a0e-9fa2-b6b065f2265e).html.
Full textAbstract:
Emerging evidence suggests the immune system has a role in preventing cancer, and in advanced cancer evidence of immune dysfunction is widespread. This project focused on cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4), a key negative regulator of T cell activation found on dedicated regulatory T cells (Treg) and activated T lymphocytes, and asked whether modulation of immune control with anti-CTLA4 blockade led to significant anti-tumour activity. Clinical and laboratory investigation of anti-CTLA4 blockade using tremelimumab in a phase II trial of second-line therapy in advanced oesophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas was combined with an attempt to establish a suitable pre-clinical model based on therapeutic vaccination against the tumour associated antigen (TAA) 5T4.Eighteen patients received tremelimumab. Most drug-related toxicity was mild but there was a single death due to bowel perforation. Four patients had stable disease with clinical benefit; one achieved a partial response after eight cycles (25.4 months) and remains well on study after four years. Markers of regulatory phenotype, forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3) and CTLA4, doubled transiently in CD4+CD25high lymphocytes in the first month after tremelimumab before returning to baseline. In contrast, CTLA4 increased in CD4+CD25low/negative lymphocytes throughout the cycle of treatment. Post-treatment expanded Treg expressed FoxP3 without interleukin-2 and their defining suppressive function was not abolished despite prolonged anti-CTLA4 blockade. De novo proliferative responses to TAA 5T4 (8 of 18 patients) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA; 5 of 15) were detected. Patients with a post-treatment CEA proliferative response had median survival of 17.1 months compared to 4.6 months for non-responders (p=0.002). Baseline interleukin-2 release after T lymphocyte activation was higher in patients with clinical benefit and toxicity. Heterologous mouse 5T4 (m5T4) vaccination showed some evidence of weak therapeutic benefit, but all tumour models investigated had rapidly lethal kinetics. Specific m5T4 immune responses could be detected by serum antibody ELISA and IFN-gamma ELISPOT assays in naive animals but were lower frequency than published responses to h5T4, and were further attenuated in tumour-bearing animals. The addition of anti-CTLA4 blockade did not result in significant augmentation of m5T4 specific immunity after vaccination in non tumour-bearing animals and combination treatment was ineffective as therapy in this autologous model. Results are discussed in the context of emerging immunotherapeutics in melanoma and prostate cancer. In the absence of supportive data from the model system it would not be appropriate to pursue combination heterologous 5T4 vaccine with anti-CTLA4 blockade, but in view of the unusual durability of the best response to tremelimumab, and in vitro evidence of enhanced proliferative responses to relevant TAA, further investigation of drug activity may be warranted in metastatic gastric and oesophageal second-line treatment.
2
Hedman, Elliott B. (Elliot Bruce). "In-situ measurement of electrodermal activity during occupational therapy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62116.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-61).
Physiological arousal is an important part of occupational therapy for children with Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) but therapists do not have a way to objectively measure how therapy affects arousal. We hypothesized that when children with SPD participate in guided activities within an occupational therapy setting, informative changes in electrodermal activity (EDA) can be detected using iCalm. iCalm is a small, wireless sensor developed at MIT that measures EDA and motion, worn on the wrist or above the ankle. Twenty-two children (ages 3-10) with a clinical diagnosis of SPD participated. EDA was measured from the backs of the children's ankles. Concurrent video recordings allowed for comparison of therapeutic activities and children's EDA. Overall, we measured 77 therapy sessions. All measurements were in-situ, during regularly scheduled therapy sessions. Statistical analysis describing how equipment affects EDA was inconclusive, suggesting that many factors play a role in how a child's EDA changes. Case studies provided examples of how occupational therapy affected children's EDA. This is the first study of the effects of occupational therapy's in-situ activities using continuous physiologic measures. The results suggest that careful case-study analyses of the relation between therapeutic activities and physiological arousal may inform clinical practice.
by Elliott B. Hedman.
S.M.
3
O'Grady, Susan. "Symbolic work with clay as a technique with a difficult to reach patient: a Jungian perspective." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5934_1223642323.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explored the potential of clay work and its symbolic representations as a means to facilitate the integration and individuation of the self in psychotherapy, using a Jungian theoretical framework. A case study methodology was used, to explore a long standing pattern of environmental failure and trauma in a 16 year old female. The Edward's clay work method was utilized to guide the use of the clay work and the discussion and exploration thereof. Central to the study was the importance of a search for meaning given to each clay piece, which was achieved through a dialectical interaction and mutual exploration between therapist and client.
4
Packman, Jill. "Group activity therapy with learning disabled preadolescents exhibiting behavior problems." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3326/.
Full textAbstract:
This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of group activity therapy as a school based intervention with fourth and fifth grade preadolescents with learning disabilities experiencing behavior problems. The group activity therapy intervention followed humanistic principles and was designed to address the cognitive and social emotional needs of this population. The preadolescents were provided a variety of developmental appropriate materials and activities to encourage self expression and group interaction. The 24 volunteer preadolescents were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n=12) and to the control group (n=12). The treatment group preadolescents were divided into groups of three and participated in group activity therapy one hour per week for 12 weeks. The participants were assigned to groups according to individual needs and personality traits. The control group received no treatment during the study. Pre and post test data were collected from parents using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBC) and the Behavior Assessment Scale for Children (BASC).
Analysis of Covariate (ANCOVA) was utilized to determine statistical significance between the treatment group and the control group on the post-test means for each hypothesis. In each case, the post-test specified in each hypothesis was used as the dependent variable and the pre-test as the covariate. Specifically, the preadolescents in the treatment group showed statistically significant decreases in total behavior problems on the BASC (p=.05) and decreases in internalizing problems on both the BASC and CBC (p=.03, p=.05, respectively). While not statistically significant, positive trends were noted on the CBC total behavior scale (p=.08) and on the CBC externalizing scale (p=.09). In addition, Cohen's d effect size was calculated for each hypothesis and post hoc analysis of the subscales to determine practical significance of the treatment on the experimental group when compared to the control group. A large treatment effect size was found on the BASC (d=.91) and CBC (d=.82) total behavior problems scales and on the BASC (d=1.03) and CBC (d=.90) internalizing problems scales. A moderate to large treatment effect size (d=.78) was found on the CBC externalizing problems scale and a medium treatment effect size (d=.53) was found on the BASC externalizing problems scale. Qualitative data was also examined to determine clinical significance of the intervention. This study determined that group activity therapy is an effective intervention for preadolescents diagnosed with a learning disability.
5
Kissane, Roger William Peter. "Animal models of exercise therapy : mechanisms of activity-induced angiogenesis." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17587/.
Full textAbstract:
Skeletal muscle is spatially heterogeneous in muscle fibre type composition and microvascular supply. The capacity to quantify this heterogeneity in skeletal muscle is not routinely performed for it’s a laborious and time consuming technique. We have developed a high throughput data pipeline that utilises the simultaneous immunohistochemical labelling of muscle fibre type and microvascular supply, as an input for a semi-automated analysis software package that allows for the analysis of fine morphometric indices of fibre type composition and the interactions with microvascular supply. We have successfully shown that regional variation in fibre type composition impacts the functional characteristics of a muscle. After successful characterisation of regional heterogeneity in both structure and function we sought to establish their influence in physiological (adaptive) angiogenesis. Utilising animal angiogenic models we have shown that shear stress driven angiogenesis is principally a stochastic response that does not promote improved oxygen delivery when we analyse the spatial heterogeneity of the neovasculature. Conversely, skeletal muscle overload (abluminal stretch of microvasculature) increases the homogeneity of the oxygen supply area of the capillary bed, suggesting a tissue driven angiogenic response that is not evident in shear stress. Spinal cord injury induced rarefaction of the capillary bed attempts to maintain a homogeneous distribution of fibre size and capillary supply. The combination therapy of epidural stimulation and locomotor training can ameliorate the phenotypic change and rarefied capillary bed seen with spinal cord injury to that of intact levels. Endurance and resistance exercise have a largely similar global genomic response following a chronic training regime, which we are able to replicate in animal models of exercise through indirect electrical stimulation. The shear stress and muscle overload driven angiogenic response have distinctly different angiogenic pathways that contain no commonly expressed networks.
6
Clarke, Kerry. "Physical activity referral schemes : adherence and physical activity behaviour change." Thesis, University of Northampton, 2013. http://nectar.northampton.ac.uk/7483/.
Full textAbstract:
It is well known that engaging in physical activity (PA) reduces the risk of developing non-communicable diseases and improves general health. However, at the time of this research, less than half of the UK population met the recommended levels of PA (DH, 2010). Physical activity referral schemes (PARS) are one of the interventions available in primary care (NICE, 2006a) for disease prevention and health improvement, despite a high dropout rate (Gidlow, 2005) and unknown long-term effectiveness (Pavey et al., 2011). The main aim of the four studies presented in this thesis was to explore the adherence and behaviour change towards PARS in Northamptonshire. The first study measured the long-term change in PA levels after participation in Activity on Referral (AOR). The key outcome was a significant increase in self-reported long-term PA levels (mean difference 1000 MET minutes/week) for 105 adhering participants from a total of 2228 participants. One in every 21 referred individuals self-reported an increase in PA at 12 months. To explore the high levels of non-adherence, an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA; Smith, 1996) was conducted with seven non-adhering AOR participants. The findings showed that being listened to at the point of referral, a range of positive experiences during the induction, alternative opportunities to increase activity, and potential to re-engage in PARS were some of the factors that enhanced adherence. Even though currently the key behaviour change measure for a PA intervention is an increase in PA, there is no gold standard self-reporting PA measure. Therefore, the third study was a comparison that tested the applicability of the new General Practice Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPPAQ) and the internationally validated International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The GPPAQ is recommended to be used as a screening tool by health professionals for the latest PARS called Let‟s Get Moving (LGM). There was a significantly weak association between IPAQ and GPPAQ. Hence, the GPPAQ is only recommended to be used as a PA screening tool and not for evaluating PA levels for PARS research studies. The final study was based on the new LGM physical activity care pathway which included a brief intervention using Motivational Interviewing (MI), a communication style that elicits the individuals‟ ambivalence regarding PA. Eight out of 21 participants self-reported a PA increase at 6 months and the MI used during the PARS was coded at beginner level. The two PARS included in this thesis were compared for adherence; LGM adherence was 65% compared to 23% AOR adherence at 3 months. In conclusion, this research has demonstrated that PA levels do increase for PARS participants in the long term, but the dropout rate can be concerning. By using a mixed-methods approach, the lived experience of participants enhances the understanding of reasons behind non-adherence. The comparative study involving LGM and AOR samples showed that interventions with elements of MI might be a better investment of commissioned resources.
7
Yousef, Dina K. "Group Activity Play Therapy for Preadolescents: Effects on Low Self-Esteem." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2016. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc862864/.
Full textAbstract:
Research shows that preadolescent females are more prone to negative self-perceptions than their male counterparts which places them at greater risk of developing mental health problems stemming from low self-image. The purpose of this randomized, controlled outcome study was to examine the effectiveness of group activity play therapy (GAPT) compared to an evidenced based social skills/self-esteem group. Participants were 29 fourth and fifth grade girls in two Title I schools in the southwest U.S. referred by teachers and school counselors as presenting with low self-esteem. Participants identified as 45% Latina, 38% Caucasian, 14% African American, and 3% Asian. Children were randomly assigned to either 16 sessions of GAPT (experimental group; n = 15) or 13 sessions of an evidenced based social skills/self-esteem group intervention (control group; n = 14). Results from a 2 (Group) by 3 (Times) repeated measures ANOVA indicated that, compared to the control group over time, the GAPT group reported statistically significant improvement in self-esteem with a moderate to large treatment effect. Teachers did not report a statistically significant difference between the two groups over time. However, teachers reported noteworthy improvement for children in both treatment groups, with generally stronger improvement for the GAPT group. Overall, results indicate that GAPT may be a promising school-based intervention for preadolescent females suffering with low self-esteem.
8
Asano, Miho. "Promoting exercise and physical activity among persons with multiple sclerosis." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97039.
Full textAbstract:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive neurological disease afflicting mostly young adults in North America, predominantly women. MS has little effect on life span but significant effect on quality of life. Despite the known benefits of exercise, evidence shows that persons with chronic disabling conditions such as MS are less physically active. Considering this, a deeper understanding of persons with MS and their exercise engagements and concerns is a crucial first step. The first part of this thesis presents existing evidence and methodological issues associated with randomized controlled trials estimating the effects of exercise interventions among persons with MS. The second part identifies current exercise engagement, preferences, and barriers of 417 community-dwelling ambulatory persons with MS. A subset of this group participated in the semi-structured interviews and provided their feedback on the design of an exercise approach. This information was used to design the next phase of the project - a pilot randomized controlled study trial evaluating the feasibility and efficacy of the Multiple Sclerosis Tailored Exercise Program (MSTEP). The development of MSTEP is also demonstrated in the third part of the thesis. The fourth and last part presents two cases from people completing all phases of the MSTEP protocol. The results of the studies show that exercise preferences and barriers may be associated with one's decision to be physically active or inactive. The available data from the on-going pilot study of the MSTEP presents evidence supporting its feasibility (and some level of efficacy) from both the participants' and the scientific point of view. Furthermore, the favorable nature of the qualitative information obtained from the participants as well as the absence of reported injuries, accidents, or extreme fatigue due to exercise, both amplify our confidence in the MSTEP and its ability to promote active living and good health in this community.La sclérose en plaques (SP) est une maladie neurologique progressive qui afflige principalement les jeunes adultes en Amérique du Nord et majoritairement les femmes. La SP a peu d'effet sur la durée de vie, mais a un effet significatif sur la qualité de vie. Bien que les bénéfices de l'exercice soient connus, il a été démontré que les personnes atteintes d'une maladie chronique, telle que la SP, sont physiquement moins actives. Considérant ces faits, une compréhension profonde des personnes atteintes de SP, de leur engagement face à l'exercice et de leur préoccupation représente une première étape cruciale. La première partie de cette thèse présente les preuves existantes ainsi que les problèmes méthodologiques associés aux études contrôlées randomisées qui mesurent l'effet des interventions impliquant l'exercice chez les personnes atteintes de SP. La seconde partie identifie les engagements actuels face à l'exercice, les préférences ainsi que les barrières de 417 personnes atteinte de SP vivant dans la communauté ambulatoire. Un sous-groupe de cette population a participé à des entrevues semi-structurées et ont donné leur avis sur l'élaboration d'un programme d'exercices. Cette information a été utilisée pour le développement de la phase suivante de ce projet – un projet pilot contrôlé randomisé évaluant la faisabilité et l'efficacité d'un programme d'exercices personnalisés pour la SP (« Multiple Sclerosis Tailored Exercise Program (MSTEP) ». Le développement du MSTEP est aussi démontré dans la troisième partie de cette thèse. La quatrième et dernière section présente le cas de deux participants ayant complété toutes les phases du programme MSTEP. Les résultats des études démontrent que les préférences ainsi que les barrières de l'exercice peuvent être associées avec la décision de chacun d'être physiquement actif ou non. Les données disponibles sur l'étude pilote en cours portant sur le MSTEP présentent des résultats supportant sa faisabilité (et un certain niveau d'efficacité) tant sur le point de vue des participants que celui scientifique. De plus, la nature favorable des informations qualitatives recueillies de la part des participants ainsi que l'absence de blessures rapportées, d'accidents ou d'extrême fatigue dû à l'exercice, amplifient notre confiance dans le MSTEP et sa capacité de promouvoir une vie active et une bonne santé dans cette population.
9
Lela, Mukaruzima. "The relationship between physical activity and low back pain among nurses in Kanombe Military Hospital." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_3554_1307534535.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the current study was to determine the relationship between low back pain and physical activity levels among nurses in Kanombe Military Hospital (KMH), as well as other confounding factors leading to low back pain. A quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive design was used to conduct the study. The study population and sample included all clinical nurses in all the departments/wards at KMH (excluding three nurses doing administrative work only and the four who participated in the pilot study). A total of 133 nurses participated in the study and data was collected using three self administered questionnaires. The first one requested socio-demographic data, followed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) which examined the physical activity levels of nurses, and lastly the Nordic Musculoskeletal Disorder Questionnaire which examined low back pain prevalence. A response rate of 122 (92%) was obtained.
10
Gill, Elizabeth C. M. S., Suzanne Ph D. Phelan, Marni Ph D. Goldenberg, and Heather Ph D. Starnes. "Outdoor Adventure Therapy to Increase Physical Activity in Young Adult Cancer Survivors." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1354.
Full textAbstract:
Physical activity (PA) has numerous benefits for cancer survivors, but limited research exists on PA interventions in young adult cancer survivors. Outdoor adventure therapy is a potential method of increasing PA in this demographic. The primary purpose of this non-randomized parallel group study was to determine whether the outdoor adventure camp experience (vs. wait list control) would increase participants’ PA levels immediately following the 7-day camp, as well as three months later. Secondary aims examined correlates of greater PA, including pre-post camp changes in sedentary behavior, exercise self-efficacy, environmental change self-efficacy, perceived barriers to exercise, physical activity enjoyment, and physical activity variety. Sixty-six control and 50 intervention participants were given validated quantitative questionnaires at baseline, 1 week (end of camp) and at the 3-month follow-up. Repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance (RMANOVA) was used to compare group changes over time. Using intent to treat analysis, adjusting for age, gender, age at diagnosis, and baseline minutes of PA per week, there was a significant difference (p=.0001) in minutes of PA per week between groups at both 1 week and 3 months. Bonferroni adjusted post-hoc analysis indicated that, relative to baseline, the intervention group had significantly (p=.0001) greater increases in PA at both 1 week (577 minutes vs. 9 minute increases) and 3 month follow-ups (133 minute increases vs. 75 minute decreases; p=.001) respectively. Significant intervention-related improvements were also observed in TV viewing hours/week (p=.001), hours sitting/week (p=.001), “Excuses” score of the Perceived Barriers to PA questionnaire (p=.04), Enjoyment of Structured Activities (p=.04), and PA Variety (p=.0001) at 1 week but not at the 3 month follow-up. No significant effects were observed for changes in exercise self-efficacy, environmental change self-efficacy, or the other subscales scores. In conclusion, outdoor adventure therapy has the potential to increase PA levels in cancer survivors both immediately following camp, as well as long-term. However, effects tend to wane after camp termination. Future research should explore the relationship between correlates of PA and PA levels in outdoor adventure therapy camp participants and methods to promote sustained PA after camp termination.
11
Tshangana, Charmaine Sesethu. "Photo-physicochemical studies and photodynamic therapy activity of indium and gallium phthalocyanines." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017928.
Full textAbstract:
The potential toxicity of seven different types of quantum dots without shell (L-cysteine-CdTe, TGA-CdTe, MPA-CdTe, TGA-CdSe) and with the shell (GSH-CdSe@ZnS, GSH-CdTe@ZnS,) with different capping agents were evaluated. The growth inhibitory effects of the various quantum dots on human pancreatic BON cancerous cells were determined. The least cytotoxic of the various quantum dots synthesized and the one displaying the lowest growth inhibitory potential and no embryotoxicity was determined to be the GSH-CdSe@ZnS quantum dots. The GSH-CdSe@ZnS quantum dots were then conjugated to gallium, aluminium and indium octacarboxy phthalocyanine and the photophysical behaviour of the conjugates studied for potential use in photodynamic therapy and imaging applications. The sizes, morphology, thermal stability and confirmation of successful conjugation was determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. The study was extended by conjugating amino functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄) to indium octacarboxy phthalocyanine to study the photophysical behaviour of the conjugate as a potential bi-functional anti-cancer agent (hyperthermia and photodynamic therapy applications). A three-in-one multifunctional nanocomposite comprising of the quantum dots, magnetic nanoparticles and indium octacarboxy phthalocyanine was developed with the aim of developing a multifunctional composite that is able detect, monitor and treat cancer. All conjugates showed improved and enhanced photophysical behaviour. Finally, GSH-CdSe@ZnS conjugated to aluminium octacarboxy phthalocyanine was applied in human pancreatic carcinoid BON cells. The conjugates induced cell death dose-dependently.
12
Bigras, Cristina. "Physical Activity and Cognitive Function in Focal Epilepsy." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1445342117.
Full text
13
Borushok, Jessica E. "Get ACTive! A pilot acceptance and commitment therapy workshop." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1492125819743085.
Full text
14
Lundgren, Stina. "Pain and physical activity in rheumatoid arthritis : a cognitive approach in physical therapy /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-371-x/.
Full text
15
Wang, Chao. "Theranostic mercury: 197(m)Hg with high specific activity for imaging and therapy." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2018. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A32758.
Full textAbstract:
Radionuclide production is always the first step of radiopharmaceutical research. The production of n.c.a.197Hg together with the short-lived 197mHg isomer is possible by proton or deuteron irradiation of natural gold using a cyclotron, as two promising nuclear reactions reported: 197Au(p,n)197(m)Hg reaction, 197Au(d,2n)197(m)Hg reaction. The access to n.c.a. 197(m)Hg should be in sufficient quantity and quality so as to be suitable for analytical studies and labeling studies with small scale and for animal and other preclinical studies on large scale. Moreover, an improved design by studying irradiation time and energy will provide the facility with sufficient quantity and quality for imaging and experimental therapeutically purposes.
The development of a rapid, reliable method for Hg/Au separation represents an important prerequisite for increasing yields which will obtain 197(m)Hg in higher activity level with the product elution into a small volume. Here, many of previously established methods for mercury separation should be employed, such as distillation of the metal, extraction by organic solvents, extraction by resin, etc. However, owing to the different mechanisms, these separations do not always give satisfactory results. The purity and the final volume of product, efficiency, automatization and total processing time of separation procedure, these factors are extremely important for the next coming labeling studies. Therefore, comparison studies need to be employed to select the most suitable method enable for labeling studies.
Establishing strategies for development of 197(m)Hg labeled in vivo stable labeling units. Several ready-to-use chelators are urgent needed before 197(m)Hg labeling unit conjugated with any specific targeted molecules. Numerous factors need to be considered for the development of the agents: Firstly, a robust synthetic and labeling strategy should be developed for the chelators or precursors of 197(m)Hg. Secondly, it should be strongly stable (especially bio-stability) to avoid the accumulation of radioactive substances in non-target organs. Thirdly, water solubility should be high enough for animal administration and avoid the toxicity of organic solvent. Fourthly, high selectivity (specificity) to avoid the transchelation/side reaction(s) with other metal ions. There are mainly two different approaches for 197(m)Hg labeling, first kind of ligands are based on Hg-S bonds, which form 197(m)Hg-S based compounds. It is well known that mercury shows strong ability on chelating of thiols, dithiols, disulfide, sulfur based and other sulfur rich interacting ligands, which shows great potentials for 197(m)Hg labeling. Thus, thiol based chelators should be investigated in the thesis. 197(m)Hg-organometallics was the second. Mercury is unique among metals in its capability to form covalent Hg-C bonds and has its own organic chemistry because the existence of large numbers of organic Hg compounds, which shows great potential to be labeled and applied in the field of radiopharmacy.
After synthesizing novel agents, its theranostics capability should be accessed by a series of in vitro and in vivo studies. Depending on the type of different agents, the radiolabeling strategies should be optimized. Soon afterwards, detailed analytical and in vitro characterization with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), radio thin-layer chromatography (radio-TLC), among other methods should be performed to determine several radiochemical behaviors such as labeling efficiency and stability. Besides, for the purpose of in vivo animal studies, removal of organic solvents and well-suited methods for purification of the radiolabeled units should be developed if necessary. Then, the most promising radiolabeled compounds were selected for further pharmacokinetic studies in rats. In vivo SPECT imaging studies should be employed for further investigations of radiopharmacological behaviors.
16
Firrman, Jenni Ann. "ENHANCEMENT OF hFVIII ACTIVITY THROUGH LC MODIFICATIONS FOR GENE THERAPY OF HEMOPHILIA A." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2015. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/335863.
Full textAbstract:
Microbiology and ImmunologyPh.D.
Gene therapy for Hemophilia A (HA) using the recombinant Adeno-associated virus (rAAV) offers an alternative to classic treatment, which consists of FVIII protein infusions. However, due to limitations associated with rAAV and the FVIII protein itself, the end result is a transgene expression below therapeutic limits. One approach to improving the therapeutic value of rAAV gene therapy for HA is to engineer a more active FVIII protein through genetic modifications. Preliminary testing revealed that canine FVIII Light Chain (kLC) enhances coagulation activity, and that it would be possible to improve FVIII activity through modifications of the light chain. Through the process of engineering, evaluation, and negative selection of kLC, a final construct was engineered. The hLC-K12 is a human Light Chain (hLC) construct containing 12 amino acid changes that work together to enhance coagulation activity. A comparison of the FVIII clotting activity to the amount of protein produced determined that hLC-K12 produced a 3.28 fold increase in specific activity over hLC in vitro. Similar in vitro results were observed when hLC-k12 was tested with the X5 heavy chain (X5HC), a heavy chain that has been genetically modified to enhance production. CD4KO/HA mice were injected with a rAAV vector carrying the hLC-K12 gene in conjugation with a rAAV vector carrying the X5HC gene. Replacing the hLC vector with the hLC-K12 vector produced an average 7.43 fold increase in FVIII clotting activity. An ELISA assay revealed no significant difference between productions of the heavy or light chains at any time point. By comparing the clotting activity to the amount of protein produced, it was determined that the increase in coagulation activity was due to an increase in specific activity. In fact, replacing the hLC vector with the hLC-K12 vector resulted in an average 5.8 fold increase in FVIII specific activity. The K12 modifications were evaluated using a single chain FVIII conformation. In vitro, the addition of the K12 mutations to the human heavy chain, hHCK12BDD, resulted in a 4.3 fold increase in clotting activity, but no increase in protein production. There was however, a 3.3 fold increase in specific activity of the protein. Adding the K12 mutations to the X5 heavy chain, X5K12BDD, in vitro, resulted in a 2.7 fold increase in clotting activity and a 1.42 fold increase in specific activity of the protein. Single chain rAAV vectors were packaged and delivered to CD4KO/HA mice. Compared to mice injected with hFVIIIBDD, the hHCK12BDD produced an average 4.6 fold increase in clotting activity. An ELISA revealed no significant difference in production between these two groups. However, mice injected with hHCK12BDD produced FVIII with an average of 4.13 fold increase in specific activity. Similarly, when compared to mice injected with X5FVIIIBDD, the X5K12BDD produced an average 2.14 fold increase in clotting activity. An ELISA assay demonstrated no significant increase in protein production between these two groups. However, when compared to X5BDD, mice injected with the X5K12BDD vector produced FVIII with an average 1.98 fold increase in specific activity. Results demonstrate that the K12 light chain modifications are able to enhance clotting activity of hFVIII both in vitro and in vivo, using either a dual chain or single chain delivery method. In order to determine the mechanism of enhancement, hFVIIIBDD and hHCK12BDD protein was partially purified and tested for activity. Results demonstrated that the hHCK12BDD protein produced a specific activity of 39,153.69 Units/mg, which is a 6.28 fold increase over hFVIIIBDD specific activity, which was 6,237.92 Units/mg. Measurement of conversion from FX to FXa revealed that the hHCK12BDD protein generated a higher amount of FXa at a quicker rate. In conclusion, these results provide evidence that the K12 modifications enhance specific activity through an increase in FXa generation.
Temple University--Theses
17
Howerton, Brock S. "Design, Synthesis, and Anticancer Activity of Ruthenium Complexes." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/chemistry_etds/10.
Full textAbstract:
Ruthenium complexes show promise as light activated photodynamic therapy (PDT) prodrugs. Strained octahedral complexes were synthesized that produce a cytotoxic species upon light activation. pUC19 DNA damage in vitro experiments were carried out to determine the type of damage observed. In vivo cell experiments were carried out on the non-small lung cancer A549 cell line to determine the phototherapeutic window of the synthesized complexes. One mechanism of drug resistance via elevated levels of glutathione was addressed through in vitro binding studies carried out with UV-Vis spectroscopy and in vivo glutathione titrations in the A549 cell line. Several complexes were shown to be potential PDT agents with light-activated activities greater than cisplatin and 10-100 fold lower dark toxicities.
18
Liu, Jian. "POLYMER MODIFICATION OF FULLERENE FOR PHOTODYNAMIC TUMOR THERAPY AND TUMOR IMAGING." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/120886.
Full text
19
Carlsvärd, Oscar, and Ruth Karlsson. "Svensk version av bedömningsinstrumentet Weekly Calendar Planning Activity (WCPA) - normdata för vuxna personer 18-50 år." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-51307.
Full text
20
Poliachik, Sandra Louise. "An investigaton of the mechanisms of high intensity focused ultrasound induced platelet activity /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8011.
Full text
21
Hilton, Claudia. "Relationship of motor skills and social skills to out-of-school activity participation patterns in children with Asberger Syndrome." Diss., NSUWorks, 2006. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_ot_student_dissertations/19.
Full textAbstract:
"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Occupational Therapy Department, College of Allied Health and Nursing, Nova Southeastern University"
22
Gehrman, Christine Amerika. "Effects of a physical activity and nutrition intervention on body image in pre-adolescents /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3083465.
Full text
23
Yen, Chu-Ling. "Influence of age, physical activity, and motor cortical excitability on neuromuscular control of the wrist in humans." Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2298.
Full textAbstract:
Injury occurs when people are exposed to an unexpected event. There is a knowledge gap regarding whether people can learn to respond to unexpected events and whether this learning is moderated by age, physical activity level, cognitive function, and motor cortical excitability. The purpose of this research was to examine the influence of: 1) age, 2) physical activity, 3) cognitive function, and 4) motor cortical excitability on motor performance and learning during a novel visual motor task of the wrist.
The major outcomes of this research revealed that the ability to respond to unexpected events is reduced with age; however, with practice, older people retain the capacity to learn to respond to unexpected events. This work also demonstrates that elderly people use both feed-forward and feedback strategies to improve their response to unexpected events. Conversely, young people predominantly use a feed-forward strategy to improve their ability to respond to an unexpected event. Importantly, active older people show greater capacity to respond to unexpected events and to learn to improve responses than less active older people. Older people with higher cognitive function demonstrate a greater capacity to respond to unexpected events than those with lower cognitive function. Furthermore, merely increasing motor cortex excitability does not translate into improved performance after young people have learned a motor task. Taken together, age, physical activity, and cognitive function impact human performance and the capacity to learn to respond to unexpected events. These findings have important implications as to how to rehabilitate and/or prevent injury to unexpected events in older people.
24
Andersson, Maja, and Anna-Madonna Beydoun. "Normdata för den svenska versionen av Weekly Calendar Planning Activity (WCPA) för personer mellan 51 - 70 år." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-56823.
Full text
25
Abayaweera, Gayani Sandeepa. "Diverse use of iron oxide nanoparticles for anticancer therapy." Diss., Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17564.
Full textAbstract:
Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Chemistry
Stefan H. Bossmann
Recent development of a variety of superparamagnetic and ferromagnetic iron/iron oxide (Fe/Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles with different surface chemistry have been widely studied for numerous biological applications such as drug delivery, as diagnostics, hyperthermia and magnetic resonance imaging. The wide applications of Fe/Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles are possible since they exhibit favorable properties as high magnetization ability, are smaller than 100 nm in size, they can be coated with several ligands which allow drug delivery at a specific site and are biocompatible. By using Fe/Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles as drug delivery agents treatment costs and side effects can be reduced, however treatment efficacy can be increased. We have demonstrated that Fe/Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles can be utilized in different methods depending on their properties, to be used as therapeutic agents for cancer treatment. In one method we have taken advantage of the Fe/Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles magnetic ability to produce hyperthermia (heat) in cancer cells when subjected to an alternative magnetic field. Here we use the cell based delivery system since the size of the nanoparticles are small they can be taken up by monocyte/ macrophage like cells for systemic transportation to the inflamed cancer cite. The hyperthermia study was conducted in mice with pancreatic cancer. This study demonstrated that the life expectancy of the mice increased by 31%. In the next method we took the advantage of the surface chemistry of the Fe/Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and changed it with dopamine-peptide and dopamine-thiosemicarbazone ligands. The advantage of the peptide is to deliver the nanoparticle to its target site and the thiosemicarbazone analogue is used as an iron chelator that would initiate apoptosis in cancer cells. This nanoplatform was tested in 4T1 breast cancer cell line and normal fibroblast cell line and demonstrated that it was effective towards the cancer cell line than the normal cell line at a ratio of 5:1 of thiosemicarbazone analogue : dopamine on the nanoparticle. However further studies are needed to be done to clarify the effectiveness of this nanosystem.
26
Gundel, Friederike [Verfasser]. "Mindfulness Training in Dialectical Behavior Therapy Investigation on Brain Activity by NIRS / Friederike Gundel." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1234450879/34.
Full text
27
Alok, Kumar. "Tumors attenuating the mitochondrial activity in T cells escape from PD-1 blockade therapy." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/254514.
Full text
28
Engström, Niklas, and Hanna Näsholm. "The meaning of activity amongst women participating in a craft group in South Africa." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Hälsoakademin, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-8962.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to describe the meaning of activity amongst women participating in a craft group in South Africa. A qualitative method was used to answer the aim of the study. Ten African women who live in townships outside Pretoria have been interviewed. The interviews were conducted with support by an interview guide containing semi-structured questions. All collected data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed with a qualitative content analysis, which resulted in two main categories each containing two sub-categories; 1) “Internal Values” containing “Taking part in a social activity” and “Gaining self – esteem through activity”, and 2) “External Values” containing “productivity” and “leisure”. The categories within the Internal values contain descriptions from the participants that concern the meaning inside the person when participating in craft activities. The categories within External values contain descriptions that concern factors outside the person that have a meaning to the participants. This study showed that craft was of great importance for the participants in different areas, such as social network and personal development. The meaning of craft in Occupational Therapy needs to be further investigated and it would be interesting to conduct a similar study in Sweden.Syftet med denna uppsats var att beskriva betydelsen av aktivitet hos en grupp kvinnor som deltar i en hantverksgrupp i Sydafrika. En kvalitativ metod användes för att besvara syftet med studien. Tio afrikanska kvinnor som bor i kåkstäder utanför Pretoria intervjuades. Intervjuerna genomfördes utifrån en utarbetad intervjuguide innehållande semistrukturerade frågor. Det insamlade datamaterialet analyserades utifrån en kvalitativ innehållsanalys, som utmynnade i två huvudkategorier med två underkategorier vardera; 1) ”Inre värden” som innehåller ”deltagande i en social aktivitet” och ”ökat självförtroende genom deltagande i aktivitet”, och 2). ”Yttre värden” som innehåller” ”produktivitet” och ”fritidsaktiviteter”. I kategorin Inre värden beskriver deltagarna meningen av att delta i hantverksaktiviteter med ett inifrånperspektiv. Kategorin Yttre värden innehåller beskrivningar som är meningsfulla utanför individen. Den här studien visar att hantverk hade stor betydelse för deltagarna inom flera olika områden som socialt nätverk och personlig utveckling. Betydelsen av hantverk inom arbetsterapi behöver studeras ytterligare och det vore intressant att genomföra en liknande studie i Sverige.
29
Ericson, Annelie, and Olivia Fredriksson. "Arbetsterapeuters erfarenhet om terapihundar påverkar relationen mellan arbetsterapeut och klient samt klientens delaktighet i aktivitet." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-74282.
Full textAbstract:
The purposeof the study was to investigate whether occupational therapists find that therapy dogs can affect the relationship with the client and client´s participation in activity. The methodused was a qualitative study with ten participants who were contacted via recommendations and via the social network Facebook. The questions concerned the occupational therapists' experience of working with therapy dogs and their experiences of whether the therapy dog can be a tool to help create relationship with the client and motivate for activity. The resultshowed that the experience was predominantly positive and that the therapy dog made the client contact stronger. The occupational therapists experienced that they could go further in their interventions with the help of the dog and that the clients opened up more and were more motivated to participate in activities when the dog was present. It also showed that education, planning, goal setting and journaling were important to demonstrate the effect of therapy dogs. Conclusion:The result showed positive situations in which the therapy dog was an aid for the occupational therapists' success in the intervention. The study showed that contact with the client was strengthened with the help of the therapy dog and that the motivation to participate in activities increased.Syftet med studien var att undersöka omarbetsterapeuter upplever att terapihundarkan påverkarelationen till klienten samtklientensdelaktighet i aktivitet. Metodensom användes var en kvalitativ studie med tiodeltagare som kontaktades via rekommendationer och via det sociala nätverket Facebook. Frågorna berörde arbetsterapeuternas upplevelse kring att arbeta med terapihund och deras erfarenheter om huruvida terapihunden kan vara ett hjälpmedel för att hjälpa till att skapa relation till klienten och motivera till aktivitet. Resultatetvisade att erfarenheterna var övervägande positiva och att terapihunden gjorde att klientkontakten blev starkare. Arbetsterapeuterna upplevde att de kunde komma längre i sina interventioner med hjälp av hunden och att klienterna öppnade upp sig mer och var mer motiverade till att delta i aktiviteter närhunden var närvarande.Det visade också att utbildning, planering, målsättning och journalföring var viktigt för att visa på terapihundarnas effekt.Slutsats: Resultatet visade positiva situationer där terapihunden varit ett hjälpmedel för arbetsterapeuternas framgång i interventionen. Studien visade att kontakten till klienten stärktes med hjälp av terapihunden och att motivationen att delta i aktiviteter ökade
30
Levin, April Robyn. "Early Seizure Blockade: Preventing Long-Term Epileptic Activity in Wag/Rij Rats." Yale University, 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-08152007-130206/.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine how early seizure blockade with ethosuximide (ESX) would influence ion channel expression and long-term spike-wave discharge (SWD) activity in epileptic WAG/Rij rats. The goal was to elucidate the question Do seizures beget seizures? in a genetically prone model and if so, to attempt to interrupt this cycle by early intervention. In our first experiment, we used immunocytochemistry to determine the effect of ESX on cortical expression of ion channels in treated and untreated WAG/Rij rats and age-matched Wistar controls. This experiment revealed that treatment with ESX blocked the upregulation of Nav1.1 and Nav1.6 as well as the downregulation of HCN1 that is associated with epileptic activity in rats (p < .05). In a second experiment, WAG/Rij rats were divided into 3 groups: untreated (H2O), temporary early treatment (ESX 4 month), and continuous early treatment (ESX continuous), and SWD activity was measured by electroencephalogram (EEG) at various timepoints. This second experiment revealed that animals in the ESX 4 month group spent less percent time in SWD (0.242 ± .068 SEM) than animals in the H2O group (0.769 ± .060 SEM, p < .001), although they spent slightly more percent time in SWD than animals in the ESX continuous group (0.020 ± .065 SEM, p = .003). This effect was predominantly due to seizure number, and average seizure duration did not vary among the three groups. Additionally, power spectrum analysis revealed a significant correlation when the difference between power spectra for H2O and ESX 4 month rats was compared to the power spectrum of a seizure (Pearson correlation equals 0.955, 2-tailed significance < .000000001), suggesting quantitatively that seizures were reduced by temporary early treatment. This suggests that early prevention of SWD may reduce the burden of seizures later in life, and that possibilities for prevention of genetic absence epilepsy should be further investigated.
31
Kriviraltcheva-Kaneva, Pepa. "Validity of CHAMPS physical activity questionnaire as an indicator of the process of surgical recovery." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101153.
Full textAbstract:
The objectives of this study are to contribute evidence for construct validity of a self-administered questionnaire of physical activities (CHAMPS) as an indicator of the process of surgical recovery.The surgical population is unique, as it comprises people diverse in age and functioning. The data for this study were obtained from a randomized control trial (RCT) evaluating the impact of a presurgical period of physical conditioning on surgical recovery following scheduled colonic resection, termed rehabilitation. Patients were randomized into two groups, Exercise and Control. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were conducted at entry into the study, at one-day pre-surgery, and at one- and two-months post-surgery. A sample of 62 subjects participated in this study. The Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) Physical Functioning Scale (PF) and Physical Component Summary Score (PCS), VO2max and 6MWT were low to moderately correlated with the CHAMPS questionnaire at the same time points. For the Exercise group, energy expenditure as estimated using the CHAMPS questionnaire, increased significantly from 2653 to 3957 kcal.wk-1 (p<0.05). Physical activity levels dropped significantly (p<0.001) from pre-surgery (4103 kcal.wk-1) to one month post-surgery (1547 kcal.wk-1); and they were still lower (2396 kcal.wk-1) at two months post-surgery (p<0.01). Older age (>65), cancer diagnosis and female gender were associated with higher drop in physical activity levels at one-month post surgery. Evidence has been provided towards construct known groups, longitudinal (sensitivity to change and responsiveness) and convergent validity of physical activity questionnaire (CHAMPS) as an indicator of the process of surgical recovery. The information obtained from the questionnaire will allow health professionals to better plan care and develop programs to best manage the patients.
32
Ojiambo, Deborah. "Effectiveness Of Group Activity Play Therapy On Internalizing And Externalizing Behavior Problems Of Preadolescent Orphans In Uganda." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc103365/.
Full textAbstract:
This pilot study investigated the impact of group activity play therapy (GAPT) on displaced orphans aged 10 to 12 years living in a large children.s village in Uganda. Teachers and housemothers identified 60 preadolescents exhibiting clinical levels of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems. The participants ethnicity was African and included an equal number of females and males. Participants were randomly assigned to GAPT (n = 30) or reading mentoring (RM; n = 30), which served as an active control. Preadolescents in both treatment groups participated in an average of 16 sessions, twice weekly with each session lasting 50 minutes. Sessions were held in the school located within the village complex. A two (group) by two (repeated measures) split plot ANOVA was used to analyze the data. According to teacher reports using the Teacher Report Form (TRF) and housemother reports using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), children receiving the GAPT intervention demonstrated statistically significant decreases (p < .025) in internalizing behaviors (TRF: p < .001; CBCL: p < .001 ) and externalizing behaviors (TRF: p = .006; CBCL: p < .001) from pretest to posttest compared to children who received RM. The GAPT intervention demonstrated a large treatment effect on reducing orphaned childrenÆs internalizing problems (TRF: ?p2= .213; CBCL: ?p2 = . 244) and a moderate to large treatment effect on reducing externalizing problems (TRF: ?p2= .121; CBCL: ?p2 = .217). The statistical, practical, and clinical significance of the findings provided strong, preliminary support for using GAPT as a developmentally and culturally responsive school-based intervention for troubled Ugandan orphans.
33
劉肇妍 and Siu-in Lau. "Evidence-based guideline for increasing physical activity among Chinese older adults with depressive symptoms." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193071.
Full textAbstract:
Depression has become a medical condition that affects more and more of the aged Hong Kong population, yet this condition is often overlooked. Depression is a treatable condition. Nevertheless, the current practice in Hong Kong relies heavily on medication and cognitive-behavioural therapy. The effectiveness of these two types of therapy is limited by the side-effects of the medications and the accessibility to medical facilities for cognitive-behavioural therapy.
Physical activity is suggested by many studies to be effective in managing depressive symptoms in the population. Physical exercise is a relatively economic and convenient activity that can be self-administered for health. Some studies have suggested that physical activity is effective for managing depression, yet the number of theses on this topic for the aged population is limited.
In this thesis, studies related to the effectiveness of physical activity on depressive symptoms alleviation among older adults were reviewed and critically appraised. The potential to apply the findings of these studies to the aged Chinese population in Hong Kong is discussed and presented.
Studies were searched using the databases Pubmed and CINAHL, and a total of 15 relevant studies were found.
The 15 studies were analyzed and listed as tables of evidence and appraised with the SIGN checklist for their quality. The results of these studies and the quality of the papers were summarized.
Regarding the physical activity types examined in these studies, aerobic exercise involving controlled-breathing or deep-breathing (e.g. TaiChi) and activities to promote posture including flexibility and balance (e.g. Yoga) were found to be effective for alleviating depressive symptoms among the aged population.
The feasibility and transferability of the desired intervention to the target population and setting were discussed. An evidence-based guideline with 8 recommendations was also developed.
Finally, a plan for communication with different parties (e.g., administrators, users and staff) to administer the intervention was devised. A pilot test was also planned, with and evaluation plan for the pilot test to allow for adjustments to the intervention.
This thesis discussed an alternative to treatment of depressive symptoms among the aged population. With the practice of physical activity effective in managing depressive symptoms in this population, it gave rise to the possibility that to promote the innovation to all of this population.published_or_final_version
Nursing Studies
Master
Master of Nursing
34
Slapin, Aurelija. "Source distribution of neuromagnetic slow wave and alpha activity in depressive patients therapy-dependent changes /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=976799251.
Full text
35
Chen, Chiung Chu. "Oscillatory activity in the basal ganglia : is it relevant to movement disorders and their therapy?" Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446205/.
Full textAbstract:
Chronic high frequency stimulation of the basal ganglia can be a highly effective intervention for movement disorders in patients. In the past decade, therapeutic benefits have been seen with stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus and globus pallidus interna for Parkinson's disease (PD) and dystonia, respectively. These procedures have allowed direct recording of basal ganglia activity and have suggested that abnormal synchronisation of neurons in these nuclei may contribute to motor impairment. This thesis explores the possible correlation between synchronised activity in the basal ganglia, as evidenced by oscillations in local field potentials, and movement disorders. In Chapter 3, we demonstrate the correlation between synchronization at frequencies under 10 Hz in the globus pallidus interna and dystonic EMG. This low frequency activity is shown to be locked to neuronal activity within GPi in patients with dystonia (Chapter 4). Deep brain stimulation is thought to suppress spontaneous pathological activity in the basal ganglia. Equally, however, it must also suppress any residual physiological activity in these nuclei. In Chapter 5, we demonstrate that the basal ganglia are involved in the processing of simple limb movements in the human, by separating the effects of deep brain stimulation on pathological and physiological activities based on baseline task performance. An impairment of motor performance was seen during high frequency stimulation in those patients with the best task performance at baseline. This deleterious effect, however, should be distinguished from the effect of direct stimulation at 20 Hz in Parkinson's disease. Oscillatory activity at around 20 Hz is thought to be a core feature in Parkinson's disease. In Chapter 6, we demonstrate that the excessive synchronization imposed by stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus at 20 Hz slows movement, in those patients with the best task performance at baseline. This supports the notion that synchronization around 20 Hz may be causally linked to bradykinesia. Last, the therapeutic effectiveness of DBS therapy for patients with PD partially relies on the accurate localisation of the motor region of the subthalamic nucleus. In Chapter 7, we propose an alternative method for the localization of this region using the spontaneous pathological 20 Hz activity to be found in this nucleus. The findings of these studies provide evidence that basal ganglia oscillatory activities of differing frequencies contribute to movement disorders.
36
Ojo, Evelyn. "Approaches to Improve the Proliferation and Activity of Natural Killer Cells for Adoptive Cell Therapy." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1536760957918928.
Full text
37
Cooper, Pauline. "The Use of Creative Writing as a Therapeutic Activity for Mental Health in Occupational Therapy." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486992.
Full textAbstract:
This research project takes place in a National Health Service setting within one south east London /Kent borough. The study concentrates on the use of two different models of writing being used with Adult Mental Health Service Users in both community facilities and in-patient settings. The writing is used as part of the clients' therapy programmes or on-going post-treatment support plans. Tpe literature search showed that the field of writing is vast and complex and is usefully categorised by Celia Hunt and Fiona Sampson (1999) using the Three Strand definition. This model is used in organising the findings ofthis study to understand how writing can be utilised, by therapists and non-therapist facilitators, in a mental health setting. This qualitative study utilises a post positivist, subtle-realist paradigm using qualitative methodologies: action research and participant observation, undertaken by an occupational therapist. The purpose is to understand and clarify how writing works and may be utilised through recovery from illness and as a method of support and creativity to wellness in a therapeutic context. Central to the project is the difference in nature of the two models of writing used: Using Writing As Therapy (UWAT) and Creative Writing (CW), and the outcomes of each through the group process. Of major importance are the resulting data collected from written and spoken comments of group leaders and clients, regarding the benefits and concerns ofusing writing, in the journey partnership towards wellness and future aspirations. The results indicated that UWAT clients found particular benefits from belonging in a group where they could use their page to re-organise or play with memories and experiences. D.W. Winnicott's (1971) 'potential space' between inner thought and outer reality and Wilfrid Bion's (1962) notion of 'containment' provided a theoretical base for understanding these concepts. UWAT clients reported cognitive changes and an increase in self-knowledge through gaining distance from their stories through writing, though some were unable to utilise this knowledge to facilitate recovery. CW clients used writing to distance themselves from painful emotions by writing their feelings but not discussing emotive content together verbally. They experienced a less safe environment, deprivation of positive feedback and problems with 'writer' identity.· This project will be of interest to occupational therapists and other practitioners using writing with adult clients who suffer from mental health problems presenting with significant symptoms of depression.
38
Tweedy, Sean. "Promoting physical activity among community-dwelling people with acquired brain injury /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://adt.library.uq.edu.au/public/adt-QU20060420.120547/index.html.
Full text
39
Silva, Raquel Sofia de Oliveira Nunes da. "Phthalocyanine-sulfonamide conjugates-synthesis and biological activity." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22842.
Full textAbstract:
Doutoramento em QuímicaO uso inapropriado de antibióticos no tratamento de doenças infeciosas tem levado a um aumento da resistência de diversos microrganismos patogénicos, o que apresenta atualmente um problema de saúde pública e tem motivado a procura de estratégias alternativas para o controlo destes microrganismos. Por outro lado, a procura de novas moléculas ou novas combinações de moléculas para o combate ao cancro é um assunto em constante desenvolvimento. Na presente dissertação descreve-se o trabalho desenvolvido para a obtenção de conjugados de ftalocianina–sulfonamida e a avaliação da atividade dos novos compostos como fotossensibilizadores. Os conjugados foram idealizados com o intuito de promover um possível efeito sinérgico das suas unidades constituintes, nomeadamente propriedades antitumorais e/ou antimicrobianas. Para tal, desenvolveram-se métodos de síntese de sulfonamidas e de conjugados de ftalocianina–sulfonamida. Algumas das ftalocianinas obtidas foram testadas como fotossensibilizadores na eliminação fotodinâmica de células tumorais e de bactérias, utilizando-se as linhas celulares de carcinoma de células escamosas orais (HSC3) e de queratinócitos orais (HaCaT), e as bactérias Escherichia coli (Gram-negativo) Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positivo) como modelos biológicos. Os resultados destes estudos revelaram que as ftalocianinas estudadas são muito promissoras como fotossensibilizadores para a inativação fotodinâmica de células tumorais e de microrganismos. Por outro lado, foi também desenvolvido um ensaio enzimático para avaliar a atividade dos novos compostos como inativadores da enzima anidrase carbónica, em particular a isoforma IX que se encontra sobre-expressa em células tumorais e é bem conhecida como reguladora do pH em processos de hipoxia e acidose metabólica. Este estudo vem dar mais um passo no conhecimento científico das ftalocianinas e evidencia o potencial das ftalocianinas sulfonadas na perspetiva do controlo de infeções e da tumorogénese.
The inappropriate use of antibiotics in the treatment of infections has led to an increase in the resistance of several pathogenic microorganisms, which represents a major public health issue and triggered the search for novel antimicrobial drugs. On the other hand, the search for new molecules or new combinations of molecules for the fight against cancer is a subject in constant development. The present dissertation describes the work developed to obtain phthalocyanine–sulfonamide conjugates and the biological evaluation of these compounds as photosensitizers. These conjugates were designed to explore their antimicrobial and/or antitumor properties. Methods for the synthesis of sulfonamides and phthalocyanine–sulfonamide conjugates were developed. Some of the phthalocyanines obtained were tested as photosensitizers for the photodynamic inactivation of tumor cells and bacteria. HSC3 oral squamous cell carcinoma, HaCaT 'normal' keratinocytes, and the bacteria Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive) were used as biological models. The phthalocyanines studied proved to be very promising to be considered in future studies in the perspective of the photodynamic inactivation of tumor cells and microorganisms. On the other hand, an enzymatic assay was also developed to evaluate the activity of the compounds obtained as inactivators of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, in particular the IX isoform that is overexpressed in tumor cells and is well-known as pH regulator in processes of hypoxia and metabolic acidosis. This study represents a contribution to the application of phthalocyanines, and in particular sulfonated phthalocyanines, in the control of infections and tumorigenesis.
40
Drogkari, Stavroula. "Paediatric Assessments Measuring Children’s and Adolescents’ Perceptions on their Activity Capacity, Performance, and/ or Participation. A Systematic Review." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Hälsohögskolan, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-45859.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: In previous years, Occupational Therapy relied on the parents and caregivers’ perspectives about their children’s activity capacity, performance, and participation. The shift to a more child and family-centred practice has led to the creation of a variety of self-reported assessments for children and adolescents. This study reviewed articles containing paediatric self-report assessments, available for use within the Occupational Therapy area, and critically appraised them. Method: A systematic review in seven databases with the use of 22 search terms was conducted. Inclusion criteria was articles containing paediatric and adolescent reported assessments available to Occupational Therapists, published up to 20 years old and written in the English language. Exclusion criteria included articles containing impairment-based measures and proxy reported measures. The initial literature search took place between March 1st, 2018 and April 30th, 2018. Eighty-two articles met criteria, and, from these articles, 21 assessments were found and appraised using the COSMIN checklist Results:. Twenty-one assessments were found to measure children’s and adolescents’ perceptions on their activity capacity, performance and/ or participation. All their characteristics and technical details are mentioned in depth in this research. When applicable, clinimetric properties were appraised and found quite a few with good or excellent reliability and validity. Few assessments had not any research regarding their clinimetric properties. Conclusion: Most found assessments measured activity capacity and performance. The need for more participation-based measures emerged. Few assessments showed good or excellent reliability and validity which need to be considered if used within clinical practice.
41
Collier, Abby Cherise. "Expression and activity of enzymes in the human placenta: pharmacological & toxicological consequences in AZT therapy." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/3138.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this thesis was to study xenobiotic metabolising enzymes (XME) in the human placenta, in particular the uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferases' (UGTs) role in the metabolism, transfer and disposition of the drug AZT, and to develop the human placental perfusion model into the first trimester. UGT, β-glucuronidase, Cytochrome p4501A (CYPIA) and CYP reductase were present and active in the human placenta. CYP2E1 protein was expressed but not active. CYPIA, CYP2EI and the UGT2B subfamily were expressed across gestation, but the UGTIA subfamily was only expressed in first trimester placentas. The localisation of XME (the syncytiotrophoblast layer bordering the placental villi) did not change with gestation but enzyme activity and affinity did. Greater activify but lower affinity of UGT and CYPIA were observed in first trimester placentas than at term. In contrast, β-glucuronidase had a high affinity, low activity profile in early gestation but the opposite at term. UGT and CYPIA activities in the first trimester placenta were induced by maternal cigarette smoking and may be synergistically induced by combined alcohol consumption and smoking. A significant correlation with higher UGT activity and earlier gestational age was observed. CYPIA exhibited a significant, negative correlation with maternal age across gestation. Maternal variables had no effect on β-glucuronidase and their effects on the activity of CYP2EI and CYP reductase were not established. AZT caused apoptosis in the placenta and also increased reactive oxygen species and altered XME. The absence of serum enhanced these effects. Alterations in XME expression and activities included a decrease in UGT activity and increases in CYPIA, β-glucuronidase, CYP reductase and glutathione-Ѕ-transferase activity in response to AZT exposure. AZT transport in a perfusion model was bi-directional and reached equilibrium approximately 3 h after addition of AZT into the maternal reservoir. In contrast, transfer of AZT glucuronide (AZT-G) showed significantly greater transport rates out of the fetal compartment resulting in AZT-G concentrations approximately 2-fold higher in the maternal circuit. Transfer of the co-factor UDPGA was significantly greater in the fetal direction and almost complete after 4h of perfusion. The low levels of glucuronidation of AZT catalysed by the human placenta (approximately 2% of a dose) are not due to insufficient transport of the co-factor UDPGA and are unlikely to be significant in terms of maternal whole-body clearance. Therapeutic failure of AZT in protecting the fetus is unlikely to be due to metabolism and clearance performed by the placenta but may be due to placental cytotoxicity. The development of the perfusion model into the first trimester placenta is technically achievable, but was impossible with the tissue available for these studies due to the method used to obtain placentas.Whole document restricted, but available by request, use the feedback form to request access.
42
Lewer, Marcelo Henrique Mamede. "Radiolabeling of Avidin with Very High Specific Activity for Internal Radiation Therapy of Intraperitoneally Disseminated Tumors." Kyoto University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/147459.
Full text
43
Walker, Wendilywn E. "Towards gene therapy for cystic fibrosis : enhanced green fluorescent protein as a reporter of promoter activity." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/27597.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this project was to investigate the use of the Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (EGFP) as a reporter of CFTR promoter activity. six vectors were created coupling portions of the CFTR locus to EGFP in GCVs. Small plasmids were made by conventional cloning procedures, while large PAC vectors were made by a double recombination method employing both homologous and Cre recombinase/loxP recombination. These vectors were transfected into permanent cell lines COS7, MDCK-iowa, T84 and CaCO2, in order to assess the effects of the genomic context elements upon EGFP. The proximal CFTR 5’ region in the p1kbcfproEGFP vector drove expression of the EGFP transgene at low levels in every cell line analysed. This is in agreement with previous reports that show basal levels of CFTR expression driven by this proximal ‘housekeeping’ region. The additional upstream region in the PAC65bcfproEGFP vector did not appear to modulate expression in any of the cell lines analysed. A comparison of the twin vectors PACRC1iresEGFP and PACRC2iresEGFP, which differ only in the absence or presence of CFTR intron 1 respectively, showed similar levels of expression in the COS7 and MDCK-iowa cell lines. Thus, the intron 1 element does not seem to alter expression in these non-gut cell lines; this is consistent with reports that show regulation of CFTR expression in response to the intron element to be specific to cells of the gut epithelium. A comparison of pEGFP-N and PACRC2cmvEGFP revealed that large PAC vectors show an intrinsic reduction in expression in comparison to their small plasmid counterparts. Further experiments showed that this was not an effect of vector copy number, and that the effect could not act in trans upon a co-transfected molecule. These studies also revealed an unexpected interaction: diluting a reporter plasmid with an anonymous plasmid may actually increase its transfection efficiency. An ex vivo primary air interface sheep tracheal culture was utilised as a more realistic model. Cultures were transfected with several of the genomic context vectors. While PAC vectors had shown a dramatic reduction in expression relative to their small plasmid counterparts in the in vitro studies, only a small reduction was seen to the ex vivo cultures, thus PAC vectors, such as GCVs, may provide a promising approach for gene therapy studies.
44
Serotta, Jennifer Lynn. "Increasing Physical Activity in Post Liver Transplant Patients." UNF Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/546.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this quality improvement project was to increase physical activity among postoperative adult liver transplant patients, improve documentation of daily activity, and ultimately influence quality of life (QOL). Quality of life has been shown to improve dramatically after liver transplant, as patients enter transplant severely debilitated with limitations on their physical activity which carry over following transplant. The literature supports that liver transplant patients should engage in physical activity which may improve QOL. Thirteen liver transplant patients were recruited within the seven days of their post-operative hospitalization. Twelve patients consented, were educated about the benefits of walking, given instructions for how to gradually increase their walking activity, and how to track this activity in a daily log. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) that calculates level of physical activity (metabolic equivalent or MET score) was conducted at baseline and six weeks. Patients were also asked to rate their perceived quality of life on a ten point scale. Eight patients completed the study with four patients medically unable to complete the walking program. Baseline MET and QOL scores were compared between Time 1 and Time 2 (six weeks). The IPAQ baseline score increased from 407.5 MET to 1,711.5 MET, however, results were not statistically significant. Quality of life improved from Time 1 average score of 5.5 (SD=2.51) to Time 2 average score of 8.25 (SD=1.67) and was statistically significant (P=0.27). Liver transplant patients gradually increased their walking activity over a six week period and documented that activity daily. QOL was also purported to increase which is consistent with findings in the literature. Implementing a post liver transplant walking program is feasible and beneficial for patients and should be a standard of care.
45
Johansson, Malin, and Sofia Isaksson. "Smärtans påverkan på fritidsaktiviteter : En intervjustudie med personer med fibromyalgi." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för rehabilitering, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-15347.
Full textAbstract:
Syftet med examensarbetet var att beskriva hur personer med fibromyalgi upplevde att fritidsaktiviteter påverkades av smärta. Som datainsamlingsmetod valdes en intervju. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med tio kvinnor. Frågorna utformades från centrala begrepp i The Model of Human Occupation. Inklusionskriterierna var att deltagarna skulle ha diagnosen fibromyalgi och vara i arbetsför ålder. De hade även ett lönearbete, ideellt arbete eller deltog i eftergymnasiala studier på minst deltid. Intervjuerna analyserades utifrån en kvalitativ innehållsanalys och resultatet presenterades i form av fem huvudkategorier med tillhörande underkategorier. De fem huvudkategorierna som beskrev smärtans påverkan på fritidsaktiviteter var; Miljöns betydelse, Aktivitetsbe-gränsningar, Anpassningsstrategier, Aktiviteter för smärtlindring och Balans i vardagen. Smärtan hade gjort att informanterna tvingats välja bort några av de fritidsaktiviteter de utförde tidigare. De fortsatte att engagera sig i fritidsaktiviteter som hade ett stort värde för dem om smärtan inte upplevdes för begränsande under eller efter utförandet. Miljön och aktivitetens krav påverkade tillsammans med smärtan aktivitetsutförandet.
46
Yu, Diane. "The Impact of Exercise During Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer Patients." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6389.
Full textAbstract:
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women. In 2017, breast, lung and bronchus, prostate, and colorectal cancers accounted for almost 50% of all new cancer cases in the United States. Breast conservation therapy with lumpectomy (i.e., surgery) and adjuvant radiation therapy is commonly used as treatment for early stage breast cancer. However, side effects such as pain and poor sleep quality can affect quality of life for breast cancer patients undergoing radiation treatment. The main purpose of this quantitative study, using the health belief model (HBM) theoretical framework, was to investigate the correlations between the independent variable of exercise and the dependent variables of pain and sleep quality during radiation treatment. To examine these possible relationships, secondary data from another study were used, Self-Reported Exercise Behavior and Short-Term Patients Outcomes in Women Undergoing Radiation Treatment for Operable Breast Cancer by principal investigator Janet K. Horton of the Duke University Health System. The secondary data were analyzed using logistic regression and multiple linear regression statistical models. The findings from this study indicate that mild exercise is positively associated with reduced pain level and improved sleep quality and that vigorous exercise does not have a positive association with improved sleep quality. This study provides health practitioners with resources to encourage physical activity in breast cancer patients while undergoing and after radiation treatment. In this way, the study may serve to promote positive social change not only for breast cancer patients, but also for patients with other types of cancer to reduce side effects from radiation treatment.
47
Clune, Tarynn N. "Experiences and Perspectives of Activity Facilitators in Memory Care." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1586808219109459.
Full text
48
Forbush, Steven W. "Physical activity and dietary behaviors as essential components of successful weight loss, maintenance of weight loss, and quality of life after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery." Diss., NSUWorks, 2008. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_pt_stuetd/34.
Full text
49
Beyer, Sasha Jasmine. "Modulation of Cell Surface Sodium/Iodide Symporter Expression and Activity in Breast Cancer." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1282141972.
Full text
50
Thornton, Marianne. "Balance training using virtual reality as compared to an activity-based exercise program for adults with traumatic brain injury." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26783.
Full textAbstract:
Exercise has been considered important in the management of functional balance problems although there are limited data supporting effectiveness after traumatic brain injury (TBI). This thesis compared two functional balance retraining programs: a virtual reality (VR) generated program and an activity-based (AB) program. Participants (n = 33, age 18--66) had sustained a moderate or severe TBI (initial Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] <12) 6 months or more before the start of the study. Participants were quasi-randomly assigned to either an intervention group or a control group that received no intervention. Groups were matched on initial Berg Balance Scale scores (BBS), years since TBI, and age. Static standing balance (using a force plate), functional balance (using the Community Balance and Mobility Scale [CB&M]) and perceptions of balance and function (using the Activity-specific Balance Confidence Scale [ABC] and the Lower Extremity Functional Scale [LEFS]) were measured at baseline, after six weeks of intervention, and 3 months later. BBS and CB&M scores improved for the exercise groups after six weeks. Some of the improvements were still present at three months. Functional balance improvements were supported by increased scores on the ABC, the LEFS, and by participant focus group comments. The focus groups also indicated the multidimensional benefits of both types of exercise. While not statistically significant, the VR group reported higher scores of functional balance and mobility, balance confidence, and more positive comments from participants than the AB group. This supports the use of VR as a potentially effective method of delivering exercise.