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Glaser, Max P. Humanitarian engagement with non-state armed actors: The parameters of negotiated access. London: Overseas Development Institute, 2005.
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Timsina, Netra Prasad. Political economy of forestry sector of Nepal: Analysis of actors' engagement and policy processes. Lalitpur: ForestAction, Nepal, 2014.
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Eu External Engagement As a Global Actor: The Fuzzy Boundaries Between Internal and External Policies. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
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Smith, Matt, and Helen Yanacopulos. International Development Actors and Public Engagement. Palgrave Macmillan, 2009.
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Grand Opera House (London, Ont.), ed. Grand Opera House, London, Ont.: Wednesday, Oct. 19th, 1892, programme : extraordinary engagement of the eminent English actor Mr. E.S. Willard in Henry Arthur Jones' play of modern English life, entitled "The middleman" .. [London, Ont.?: s.n., 1986.
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Danielson, Michael S. A Theory of Migration and Municipal Politics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190679972.003.0006.
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This chapter develops a series of theoretical models of migrant hometown political engagement and municipal politics in Mexico. The models seek to represent the relationship between the dominant political group in the community and emerging migrant actors. The chapter begins by outlining a set of basic assumptions about the characteristics and goals of the key actors in a stylized municipality, before and after the emergence of migrants as an important group. After establishing this context, the model is simplified to focus on the strategic interactions between migrants and prevailing authorities, first with a dynamic algorithm and then as a game theory model. Both migrants and prevailing authorities can choose conforming or fighting strategies; and depending on what each chooses, four outcomes are possible. Game-theory methods are then used to predict actor choices under different conditions and several limits to these models are discussed.
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Grand Opera House (London, Ont.), ed. Grand Opera House, London, Ont., programme: Tuesday evg. Nov. 5th, engagement of the famous romantic actor Robert Montell under the management of Mr. D.A. Bonta, in D'Ennery's powerful play in five acts "Monbars". [London, Ont.?: s.n., 1986.
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Arce, Moisés, Michael S. Hendricks, and Marc S. Polizzi. The Roots of Engagement. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197639672.001.0001.
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Abstract Studies of resource conflicts emphasize the structural characteristics of mining projects and the strategies of pro- and anti-mining groups in the context of large-scale mining. In this book, we take a different approach that looks at individuals living near proposed mines. We argue and show that individuals are drawn to their communities in different ways. Some of them participate in local organizations more than others, and this social engagement sets them apart from each other when it comes to their views and later demands about mining. By participating in local organizations, individuals gain critical information about the threats posed by mining as well as resources to address community concerns. Participation in local organizations also emboldens individuals to challenge industry and/or government actors seeking to expand resource extraction. And finally, participation in local organizations imparts a community worldview that allows community members to see themselves as being in the same boat, thus also rejecting proposals that jeopardize existing community livelihoods. Individuals who are less socially engaged, in contrast, are more open to embracing the opportunities about mining coming from industry and/or government actors. They apply greater weight to the importance of resource extraction to the nation and their own pocketbooks. These individuals are more likely to express supportive views about mining. The book examines this variation in individual attitudes in three sites characterized by protracted mining conflicts in Peru, Nicaragua, and South Africa. Fieldwork and original surveys in host communities near proposed mines support these findings.
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Grand Opera House (London, Ont.), ed. Grand Opera House, London, Ont., programme: Monday, Feb. 25th, engagement of the distinguished actor-author Wilson Barrett and his entire London company, in his latest success "The manxman", dramatized by Wilson Barrett from Hall Caine's famous novel of the same name .. [London, Ont.?: s.n., 1986.
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Global Strategic Engagement: States and Non-State Actors in Global Governance. Lexington Books/Fortress Academic, 2016.
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Marchetti, Raffaele. Global Strategic Engagement: States and Non-State Actors in Global Governance. Lexington Books/Fortress Academic, 2017.
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Shepherd, Laura J. Civil Society in UN Peacebuilding Discourse. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199982721.003.0005.
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Chapter 5 outlines the ways in which civil society is largely associated with “women” and the “local,” as a spatial and conceptual domain, and how this has implications for how we understand political legitimacy and authority. The author argues that close analysis reveals a shift in the way in which the United Nations as a political entity conceives of civil society over time, from early engagement with non-governmental organisations (NGOs) to the more contemporary articulation of civil society as consultant or even implementing partner. Contemporary UN peacebuilding discourse, however, constitutes civil society as a legitimating actor for UN peacebuilding practices, as civil society organizations are the bearers/owners of certain forms of (local) knowledge.
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Hassel, Anke, and Kai Wegrich. How to Do Public Policy. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747000.001.0001.
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How to Do Public Policy offers a guide to students and practitioners as to how to improve problem-solving with policies in a political world. It integrates insights from applied policy analysis and studies of the policy process to develop a framework that conceives policy-making as structured by two spheres of action—the ‘engine room’ of specialists and experts in government agencies, NGOs, research organizations, etc., on the one hand, and the political ‘superstructure’ of politicians, key public stakeholders, and the public, on the other hand. Understanding the different logics of the engine room and the superstructure is key for successful policy-making. The dual structure of policy-making provides a perspective on (interactive) policy analysis and policy-making (actor-centred policy-making) that moves from the focus on individual and specific measures, towards understanding and shaping the relation and interaction between policy interventions, the institutional context, and the stakeholders involved or affected. Part I of the book presents the basic analytical concepts needed to understand the policy process and the structures and dynamics involved in it, as well as to understand how and why actors behave the way they do—and how to engage with different types of actors. Part II moves further into the nuts and bolts of policy-making, including policy design, implementation, and evaluation. Part III introduces and explores three key aspects of the capacity to make good policies: engagement with stakeholders, the process of policy coordination in a context of interdependence, and the role of institutions.
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Foot, Rosemary. China, the UN, and Human Protection. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198843733.001.0001.
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Over a relatively short period of time, Beijing moved from passive involvement with the UN to active engagement. How are we to make sense of the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) embrace of the UN, and what does its engagement mean in larger terms? Is it a ‘supporter’ that takes its fair share of responsibilities, or a ‘spoiler’ that seeks to transform the UN’s contribution to world order? Certainly, it is difficult to label it a ‘shirker’ in the last decade or more, given Beijing’s apparent appreciation of the UN, its provision of public goods to the organization, and its stated desire to offer ‘Chinese wisdom and a Chinese approach to solving the problems facing mankind’. This study traces questions such as these, interrogating the value of such categorization through direct focus on Beijing’s involvement in one of the most contentious areas of UN activity—human protection—contentious because the norm of human protection tips the balance away from the UN’s Westphalian state-based profile, towards the provision of greater protection for the security of individuals and their individual liberties. The argument that follows shows that, as an ever-more crucial actor within the United Nations, Beijing’s rhetoric and some of its practices are playing an increasingly important role in determining how this norm is articulated and interpreted. In some cases, the PRC is also influencing how these ideas of human protection are implemented. At stake in the questions this book tackles is both how we understand the PRC as a participant in shaping global order, and the future of some of the core norms that constitute global order.
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Leontis, Artemis. Eva Palmer Sikelianos. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691171722.001.0001.
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This is the first biography to tell the fascinating story of Eva Palmer Sikelianos (1874–1952), an American actor, director, composer, and weaver best known for reviving the Delphic Festivals. Yet, as this book reveals, Eva's most spectacular performance was her daily revival of ancient Greek life. For almost half a century, dressed in handmade Greek tunics and sandals, she sought to make modern life freer and more beautiful through a creative engagement with the ancients. Along the way, she crossed paths with other seminal modern artists. Eva was a wealthy New York debutante who studied Greek at Bryn Mawr College before turning her back on conventional society to live a lesbian life in Paris. She later followed Raymond Duncan (brother of Isadora) and his wife to Greece and married the Greek poet Angelos Sikelianos in 1907. With single-minded purpose, Eva recreated ancient art forms, staging Greek tragedy with her own choreography, costumes, and even music. Having exhausted her inheritance, she returned to the United States in 1933, was blacklisted for criticizing American imperialism during the Cold War, and was barred from returning to Greece until just before her death. This biography vividly recreates the unforgettable story of a remarkable nonconformist whom one contemporary described as “the only ancient Greek I ever knew.”
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Altunışık, Meliha Benli. Turkey’s Soft Power in a Comparative Context. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190673604.003.0007.
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This chapter focuses on the soft power of Turkey, comparing its engagements with the states of the South Caucasus (and Central Asia) to the countries of the Middle East. The chapter argues that for Turkey, the use of soft power was a tool to re-establish relations with, and acquire acceptance in, its neighborhood. In the case of the South Caucasus, Turkey attempted to reconnect with a region that it was cut off from for a long time due to the Soviet era and the Cold War. In the Middle East, there was an effort to redefine its engagement after a decade of securitization of its foreign policy in the 1990s. Although soft power increased Turkey’s visibility and presence, it is unclear if it changed the nature of Turkey’s influence, which remained highly limited when faced with the realities of hard power politics, unable to influence the regional actors it targeted.
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Bajpai, Anandita. Cordial Cold War:Cultural Actors in India and the German Democratic Republic. SAGE Publications, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9789354790232.
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Cordial Cold War examines cultural entanglements, in various forms, between two distant yet interconnected sites of the Cold War—India and the German Democratic Republic (GDR). Focusing on theatre performances, film festivals, newsreels, travel literature, radio broadcasting, cartography and art as sites of engagement, the chapters spotlight actual spaces of interaction that emerged in spite of, and within, the ambits of Cold War constraints. The inter-disciplinary collection of contributions sheds light on the variegated nature of translocal cultural entanglements. By foregrounding the role of actors, their practices and the sites of their entanglement, the book exposes how creative energies were mobilized to forge zones of friendship, mutual interest and envisioned solidarities.
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King, Kenneth, and Meera Venkatachalam, eds. India's Development Diplomacy and Soft Power in Africa. Boydell and Brewer Limited, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781800102835.
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Goss, Nina, and Eric Hoffman, eds. Tearing the World Apart. University Press of Mississippi, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496813329.001.0001.
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Bob Dylan is many things to many people. Folk prodigy. Rock poet. Quiet gentleman. Dionysian impresario. Cotton Mather. Stage hog. Each of these Dylan creations comes with its own accessories, including a costume, a hairstyle, a voice, a lyrical register, a metaphysics, an audience, and a library of commentary. Each Bob Dylan joins a collective cast that has made up his persona for over fifty years. No version of Dylan turns out uncomplicated, but the postmillennial manifestation seems peculiarly contrary—a tireless and enterprising antiquarian; a creator of singular texts and sounds through promiscuous poaching; an artist of innovation and uncanny renewal. This is a Dylan of persistent surrender from an engagement with a world he perceives as broken and enduring, addressing us from a past that is lost and yet forever present. This book participates in the creation of the postmillennial Bob Dylan by exploring three central records of the twenty-first century along with the 2003 film Masked and Anonymous, which Dylan helped write and in which he appears as an actor and musical performer. The book does justice to this difficult Bob Dylan by examining his method and effects through a disparate set of viewpoints. Readers will find a variety of critical contexts and cultural perspectives as well as a range of experiences as members of Dylan's audience.
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Boffone, Trevor, and Carla Della Gatta, eds. Shakespeare and Latinidad. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474488488.001.0001.
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Shakespeare and Latinidad is a curated collection of scholarly and practitioner essays in the field of Latinx theatre that specifically focuses on adaptations and appropriations of Shakespeare’s plays. It is the first truly comprehensive treatment of the myriad intersections of Latinx practitioners and art with Shakespearean performance, adaptation, and pedagogy. The collection includes leading academics, playwrights, and theatre practitioners; its blend of scholarly essays, practitioner essays, and interviews reflects the transdisciplinary synthesis of scholarship, dramaturgy, and pedagogy that shapes Latinx engagement with Shakespeare. The collection brings together the diverse voices working in this field today including leading academics, playwrights and theatre practitioners. This blend of essays and interviews reflects the transdisciplinary synthesis of scholarship, dramaturgy, and pedagogy that shapes Latinx engagement with Shakespeare. The collection includes essays and dialogues from actors, directors, scholars, playwrights, and vocal coaches. Essays cover a range of topics that include translating Shakespeare into contemporary English, Latinx actors portraying Shakespearean roles as either Latinx or non-Latinx, strategies for engagement for devised theatre and theatre for young audiences, directors’ Latinx visions for Shakespeare, and scholarly analysis of productions, adaptations, and initiatives for Latinx Shakespeares. The collection highlights productions, adaptations, and theatres from throughout the United States, in large cities and rural areas, from predominantly-white theatres to theatres of colour.
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Donno, Daniela. International Enforcement. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190677800.003.0003.
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This chapter examines issues at the heart of the transparency-accountability-compliance nexus. In particular, it looks at how far the international community uses the tools of conditionality, diplomacy, mediation, and shaming in response to violations of norms of electoral conduct. The chapter employs an original data set that records the use of conditionality and diplomatic engagement by 15 governmental and intergovernmental actors, in response to 668 elections in 119 countries. It finds, in short, that enforcement empowers opposition voices and increases pressure for states to implement electoral reforms, leading to improvements in electoral conduct. Regional organizations serve a particularly important role in this regard through leverage and linkage, which makes them effective compared with bilateral actors.
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Welsh, Jennifer M. R2P’s Next Ten Years. Edited by Alex J. Bellamy and Tim Dunne. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198753841.013.53.
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This chapter argues that, although the principle of R2P was initially underpinned by strongly cosmopolitan roots, since 2009 it has been defined and implemented in ways that elevate the importance of state responsibility. This trend may have fostered political consensus and given R2P added normative grounding, but it has also obscured both the challenges posed by non-state actors and the opportunities for implementation that exist beyond and below the state. R2P implementation in the next decade will be advanced by micro-level efforts to embed atrocity crime prevention and response into the work of a variety of actors in international society. This agenda requires not only increased attention to those regional or local actors in a position to prevent or respond to atrocity crimes, but also deeper engagement with the specific elements of each of the four crimes and violations specified in the 2005 Summit Outcome Document.
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Danielson, Michael S. Migrants as Agents of Democratization? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190679972.003.0007.
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How do migrants affect the political systems of their municipalities of origin? This chapter seeks to understand the factors that lead to a range of possible outcomes. To do this, it employs a comparative subnational research design to analyze ethnographic data gathered from 12 high-migration municipalities in the states of Oaxaca, Guanajuato, and Zacatecas. The chapter documents how migrants have interacted with home-country political actors and evaluates the impact of these interactions. Migrant engagement resulted in some form of increased political competition in 6 of the 12 municipalities studied; in all but one of these cases, the result was factionalism and a divided opposition at best, and deep and violent social conflict at worst. In the remaining 6 municipalities, dominant political actors either incorporated migrants into the prevailing system by establishing neocorporatist equilibria or successfully blocked the influence of migrant actors all together, despite high levels of migration.
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Conway, Stephen. Networks. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808701.003.0005.
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This chapter turns to the role of private actors in facilitating the various forms of European engagement with the British Empire. Long-distance and transnational networks undoubtedly played a key role, sometimes underpinning types of continental European involvement of which ministers and officials in London, and state servants in imperial sites, disapproved, and wished to discourage or even stop. But private actors did not always work to undermine the efforts of British governments to preserve an exclusionary empire. Their independent activities could dovetail neatly with official policy. Landowners and employers in the colonies wanted to promote settlement to secure more tenants and more labour. British governments wanted to see the North American colonies settled so that their economic potential could be realized and their security improved. On some occasions, private actors even worked directly with state officials to facilitate foreign participation in the empire through contractual arrangements to secure settlers or soldiers.
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Danielson, Michael S. Biographies of Emigrant Politicization. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190679972.003.0005.
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Using comparative qualitative methods based on extensive field research, this chapter examines the process through which 10 migrants became politically engaged and influential actors in their home communities. The analysis shows that the most influential migrant political actors from the state of Oaxaca have entered the fray in opposition to dominant powers back home. In contrast, the migrants who have been most influential in the states of Guanajuato and Zacatecas have tended to be mobilized by and act in support of the dominant parties in their states. The institutionalization of the state–migrant relationship in Guanajuato and Zacatecas facilitates migrant social and political engagement with governing parties. In contrast, the exclusion of migrants from influence in Oaxaca helps explain why migrants often oppose the governing party; and their experiences of exploitation and resistance as migrants in Mexico and California radicalized many of the most influential migrant leaders.
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Hartley, Andrew James. Dialectical Shakespeare. Edited by James C. Bulman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199687169.013.38.
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This chapter considers ways to empower actors and audiences through 'a brand of performance pedagogy advanced by Dorothy Heathcote called ‘process drama’, which approaches a text (in this case, Shakespeare’s Taming of the Shrew) not by staging a single reading but by presenting multiple critical approaches in a single presentation as a way of demonstrating the script’s malleability while also generating ownership and critical engagement within the cast and the audience. The chapter details the methodology involved, centring on a college production which toured area high schools, thereby making educators of the student actors, and it underscores what worked best and what might work better. It assumes the essential foreignness of Shakespeare to many students, a foreignness which is steeped in class as well as history, and considers how the charged politics of an unfamiliar play can become urgently immediate through a reciprocal system of rehearsal and performance.
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Carment, David, Sean Winchester, and Joe Landry. The Role of Regional Organizations. Edited by Alex J. Bellamy and Tim Dunne. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198753841.013.18.
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The failure of regional organizations and states to fully embrace the responsibility to protect (R2P) agenda has led to the creation of a ‘responsibility gap’ that is being filled by local actors and non-governmental organizations. This chapter examines the influence that this lack of engagement at the regional and national level has had on our ability to prevent the outbreak of conflict, mass atrocities, and crimes against humanity. In doing so, it provides an updated evaluation of the role of regional organizations in implementing R2P principles. It concludes by noting that evidence of a strengthened R2P agenda is difficult to find.
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Günther, Christoph, and Simone Pfeifer, eds. Jihadi Audiovisuality and its Entanglements. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474467513.001.0001.
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This volume situates jihadi audio-visual media within a global communicative web, and provides perspectives that relate the production and dissemination of jihadi images and sound to various forms of engagement and appropriation. Through 12 case studies, this book examines the different ways in which Jihadi groups and their supporters use visualisation, sound production and aesthetic means to articulate their cause in online as well as offline contexts and how different actors relate to these media. Divided into four thematic sections, the chapters probe Jihadi appropriation of traditional and popular cultural expressions and show how, in turn, political activists appropriate extremist media to oppose and resist the propaganda. By conceptualising militant Islamist audio-visual productions as part of global media aesthetics and practices, the authors shed light on how religious actors, artists, civil society activists, global youth, political forces, security agencies and researchers engage with mediated manifestations of Jihadi ideology to deconstruct, reinforce, defy or oppose the messages.
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Danielson, Michael S. Emigrants Get Political. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190679972.001.0001.
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Migrants who live abroad or who return home after many years have become an important constituency throughout the world. This book examines Mexican migrant engagement in origin communities and finds that at times migrants powerfully impact political dynamics there, both from abroad and upon their return. Migrant hometown engagement, the subject of the book, can result in a range of different political outcomes in migrant-sending municipalities. However, these do not uniformly enhance local democracy. This is the central contention of the book and explaining what causes variation in migrant impact is the principle goal. The findings challenge the arguments of scholars, policy makers, and migrant politicians themselves who expect migrants to learn democracy in the United States and bring it back with them when they return home. Not only do migrants remit dollars, the argument goes, they remit democracy. The book employs a multi-method approach to answer these questions, providing two statistical chapters—including analysis of an original survey of more than 400 mayors from the state of Oaxaca—with two qualitative chapters based on field research in 12 Mexican municipalities and their satellite communities in the United States. The project began with an expectation that the engagement of millions of Mexican migrants in their home towns would result in thousands of political earthquakes. Instead, what may be most noteworthy is the ability of the Mexican political system to incorporate these new actors without instituting fundamental changes to the way that politics are done.
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Lopez, Jeremy. From Bad to Verse. Edited by Jonathan Post. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199607747.013.0007.
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Is it possible to hear blank pentameter verse during a theatrical performance? Can an audience perceive the difference between verse and prose, or hear when the playwright alters the iambic rhythm? Is blank verse a constitutive element of the performance event, something whose handling by the actors should be used to measure a production’s success? Is the poetry the actors speak more important than the visual and narrative experience they work to create? This chapter examines some answers that have been provided to these questions by modern criticism and performance. Part 19.1 discusses scholarly conceptions of blank verse as an historical phenomenon. Part 19.2 discusses the place Shakespeare’s poetry has held in post-Renaissance engagements with Shakespeare’s plays in performance. Part 19.3 focuses on Othello in order to draw some conclusions about the historical and ideological stakes of speaking, experiencing, and criticizing dramatic poetry in live performance.
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Stafford, Ian, Alistair Cole, and Dominic Heinz. Analysing the Trust-Transparency Nexus. Policy Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447355212.001.0001.
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Is transparency a necessary condition to build and restore citizen and civil society trust in governance and democracy? Throughout Europe, there is a growing demand for effective forms of citizen engagement and decentralisation in policy-making to increase trust and engage increasingly diverse populations. This volume addresses the relationship between trust and transparency in the context of multi-level governance. Drawing on fieldwork from the UK, France and Germany, the book examines different efforts to build trust between key actors involved in decision-making at the sub-national level. It outlines the challenges of delivering this agenda and explores the paradox that trust might require transparency, yet in some instances transparency may undermine trust.
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Wu, Judy Tzu-Chun. US Feminisms and Their Global Connections. Edited by Ellen Hartigan-O'Connor and Lisa G. Materson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190222628.013.11.
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This chapter reinterprets the history of twentieth-century US feminism by foregrounding the importance of the global. Both international events and transnational flows of people, ideas, and goods have shaped the development of feminism in the United States. Recognizing the importance of the global foregrounds the diversity of political goals and political actors within movements for gender equality. Also, acknowledging US feminists’ engagement with the global reinforces the need for new narratives and periodizations for the multiple histories of US feminisms. To explore these ideas, this chapter first analyzes definitions of feminism and existing historical narratives of US feminism. The second half examines the significance of the global for feminist movements seeking political equality, economic justice, and sexual liberation.
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Douglas, Heather. Women, Intimate Partner Violence, and the Law. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190071783.001.0001.
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This book explores how women from diverse backgrounds interact with the law in response to intimate partner violence, over time. Every year, millions of women globally turn to law to help them live lives free and safe from violence. Women engage with child protection services and police. They apply for civil protection orders and family court orders to help them manage their children’s contact with a violent father, and take special visa pathways to avoid deportation following separation from an abuser. Women are often compelled to interact with law, through their abuser’s myriad legal applications against them. While separation may seem like a solution, it often accelerates legal engagement, providing new opportunities for continued abuse. Countless women who have experienced intimate partner violence are enmeshed in overlapping, complex, and often inconsistent legal processes. They have both fleeting and longer-term connections with legal system actors. Their stories demonstrate how abusers harness multiple aspects of the legal process, and its actors, to continue their abuse. They also highlight the regular failure of legal processes and actors to comprehend the significance of nonphysical abuse. Women show how legal system actors’ common expectation that separation is a single event, rather than a process, has implications for their connections with law and the outcomes they achieve. From time to time, the women in this study attained the safety and closure they sought from law, sometimes in circular and unexpected ways, but their narratives demonstrate the level of endurance, tenacity, and time this often required.
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Rahman, Md Mizanur, and Rakesh Ranjan. Indian Migrant Organizations. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190121341.001.0001.
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The Indian diaspora is increasingly engaging with the homeland by forming a range of migrant organizations—organizations constituting a growing sector of non-State actors who engage with the host country and the country of origin in a sustained and profound way. Research on migrant organizations tends to focus only transnational migrant organizations in host countries. Indian Migrant Organizations analyses a set of local and transnational organizations formed by Indian migrants, whose activities include mobilizing resources and connections and engaging in numerous development initiatives in India, and studies their engagement particularly in the Indian healthcare and education sectors. In particular, the book discusses how these organizations have evolved, what kind of healthcare and educational projects and activities they are carrying out, and how such collective efforts are affecting development dynamics in India.
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Bajpai, Anandita. Speaking the Nation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199481743.001.0001.
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Untangling the logical, lexical, and semantic patterns of the multiple official speeches of Indian prime ministers, Speaking the Nation gauges how the Indian state has been projected by different governments in different times, in the face of challenges from internal and external actors that put pressure on its leaders to safeguard their status as legitimate elites in power. It analyses how Indian nationhood is consistently reshaped and reaffirmed by invoking its secular ethos and practice, as well as the experience of market liberalization. The book calls for serious engagement with political oratory in India. A close reading of speeches since 1991—from Narasimha Rao to Narendra Modi—it captures how, through these crosscutting topics, the prominent ‘authors of the nation’ and the ‘vanguards of the state’, speak India into being.
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Tarulevicz, Nicole. A Brief History of Singapore. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038099.003.0002.
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This chapter provides an account of Singapore's recent history, interwoven with key culinary and gastronomic developments. The conventional periodization of Singapore's history into the pre-colonial, Japanese occupation, merger, and independence eras highlights some of the forces that have shaped the nation, but it also privileges state actors. From the early colonial period onward, the ordering of space and place has been a priority that has been demonstrated at the bureaucratic, regulatory, and physical levels. In the past 200 years, Singapore has been radically remade; technological innovation has been one of the mechanisms by which order is achieved. Indeed, Singapore's engagement with the global economy—be that the economy of the British Empire or of the twenty-first-century world of food security fears—has been relentless, and food has been central to the process.
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Grau, Marion. Pilgrimage, Landscape, and Identity. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197598634.001.0001.
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The book explores the ritual geography of a pilgrimage system woven around local medieval saints in Norway and the renaissance of pilgrimage in contemporary majority-Protestant Norway, facing challenges of migration, xenophobia, and climate crisis. The study is concerned with historical narratives and communal contemporary reinterpretations of the figure of St. Olav, the first Christian king who was a major impulse toward conversion to Christianity and the unification of regions of Norway in a nation unified by a Christian law and faith. This initially medieval pilgrimage network, which originated after the death of Olav Haraldsson and his proclamation as saint in 1030, became repressed after the Reformation, which had a great influence on Scandinavia and shaped Norwegian Christianity overwhelmingly. Since the late 1990s, the Church of Norway participated in a renaissance that has grown into a remarkable infrastructure supported by national and local authorities. The contemporary pilgrimage by land and by sea to Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim is one site where this negotiation is paramount. The study maps how pilgrims, hosts, church officials, and government officials are renegotiating and reshaping narratives of landscape, sacrality, pilgrimage as a symbol of life journey, nation, identity, Christianity, and Protestant reflections on the durability of medieval Catholic saints. The redevelopment of this instance of pilgrimage in a majority-Protestant context negotiates various societal concerns, all of which are addressed by various groups of pilgrims or other actors in the network. One part of the network is the annual festival Olavsfest, a culture and music festival that actively and critically engages the contested heritage of St. Olav and the Church of Norway through theater, music, lectures, and discussions, and features theological and interreligious conversations. This festival is a platform for creative and critical engagement with the contested, violent heritage of St. Olav, the colonial history of Norway in relation to the Sami indigenous population, and many other contemporary social and religious issues. The study highlights facets of critical, constructive engagement of these majority-Protestant actors engaging legacy through forms of theological and ritual creativity rather than mere repetition.
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Klandermans, Bert. Promoting or Preventing Change Through Political Participation. Edited by Martijn van Zomeren and John F. Dovidio. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190247577.013.13.
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This chapter examines political participation as a unique capacity possessed by humans that “fundamentally shapes a human being.” It argues that without political participation, we would lose much of our identity as “political actors” who seek to influence and change the world they live in. The chapter first explains what political participation is and why some people participate in collective political action while others do not. It then considers a range of individual factors that motivate political participation, such as ideology, identity, emotion, and instrumentality, and the role of social-level factors including social networks. It also describes a social identity model of collective action (SIMCA), which suggests that affective injustice (e.g., group-based anger), perceived group efficacy, and politicized collective identity predict engagement in collective action. The chapter concludes by discussing moral obligation as a motive for participating in political collective action.
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Akin, Heather. A Recap. Edited by Kathleen Hall Jamieson, Dan M. Kahan, and Dietram A. Scheufele. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190497620.013.19.
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This synthesis chapter recaps the key themes found in Part III of the handbook, which presents several case studies of singular instances of science communication about contentious (or potentially contentious) topics. While the cases are diverse, there are several recurring themes that are summarized in this synthesis. One theme is that public response to science issues is highly dependent on social and political factors and contexts, meaning any issue is not predestined for controversy. A second is that communication about science by authorities or key actors should honor scientific complexity but avoid false assurances. The third theme summarized in this synthesis is how the chapters in this section note the value in accounting for and validating public viewpoints. This summary concludes with suggestions for future research and public engagement activities that constructively capture and analyze public responses to science controversies and debates.
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McCrudden, Christopher. How Should Religions Approach Human Rights? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759041.003.0009.
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Chapter 8 suggested that a worthy aim would be to identify strategies that enable a genuine dialogue to take place over the most contested questions in human rights. It suggested that this has important implications for how human rights should be practised by the courts. This chapter addresses the question of whether organized religion is capable of engaging in true dialogue, and what changes in approach by religious actors would help to secure such a dialogue. A key issue is how religions should view the traditions from which they derive so much of their sense of right and wrong. The nature of tradition itself is often in contention. The chapter suggests two competing conceptions of tradition, and suggests that religions should be open to informing their interpretation of their traditions in light of the insights that engagement with human rights thinking can bring.
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Balkelis, Tomas. Multidirectional War and Paramilitarism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199668021.003.0006.
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This chapter, by following the course of military actions in Lithuania in 1919, explores the emergence of various military and paramilitary groups that engaged in different types of violence. The focus here is on the entanglement of three types of actors: those that performed state-sanctioned violence; those that acted as semi-independent paramilitary agents, and those that engaged in ethnically or socially motivated violence on a local level. The ability of the Lithuanian government to survive the series of military engagements in 1919 enhanced its legitimacy among the local population, and laid the foundation for a modern Lithuanian identity among the masses. Yet the new state and national identity were shaped in a continuous cycle of violence, social strife, mobilization, and militarization of society.
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Ong, Lynette H. Outsourcing Repression. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197628768.001.0001.
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How do states coerce citizens into compliance and minimize backlash at the same time? Outsourcing Repression portrays state engagement of nonstate actors—violent street gangsters and nonviolent grassroots brokers—to coerce and mobilize the masses for state pursuits in a manner that reduces resistance. This book draws on more than 200 interviews from ethnographic research conducted annually over a decade (2011‒2019) from the era of Hu Jintao to Xi Jinping, a unique and original event dataset, and a collection of government regulations to study everyday land grabs and housing demolition in China. Outsourcing Repression theorizes a counterintuitive form of state repression that reduces resistance and backlash. Everyday state power is quotidian power acquired through society by penetrating nonstate territories and mobilizing the masses within. This book uses China’s urbanization scheme as a window of observation and explains how the arguments can be generalized to other country contexts.
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Gajda, Alexandra. The Gordian Knot of Policy. Edited by Malcolm Smuts. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199660841.013.17.
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In his exploration of kingship, Shakespeare exhibits a keen engagement with contemporary debates about the conflict between classical and Christian ethics and ‘statecraft’—the morally compromised behaviour employed by successful political actors in the fallen world. This chapter explores the expression of ideas of ‘policy’ or reason of state in post-Reformation Europe and their application by English writers to monarchical rule in a world rent by religious schism. Often associated with the influence of Machiavelli, Lipsius, and Botero, princely statecraft was most prominently invoked in negative senses by authors in the great polemical battles of the Reformation, where Protestant and Catholic accused each other of manipulating religion for wicked political ends. But the notion that the prudent prince might be required to compromise conventional ethical codes for the stability of state and commonwealth gained cautious acceptance amongst some apologists for strong monarchical rule in early modern England.
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Solga, Kim. Shakespeare’s Property Ladder. Edited by James C. Bulman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199687169.013.42.
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Shakespeare ‘owners’ in the British cultural marketplace have long been the powerful male actors, artistic directors, and theatre reviewers who function as arbiters of ‘good’ acting, directing, and interpretation of Shakespeare. This chapter excavates the conservative political framework that has historically limited the experiences of women directing Shakespeare in the UK. How does an unspoken but deeply entrenched and gendered sense of who knows Shakespeare well enough to advocate on ‘His’ behalf determine what opportunities do, or do not, come women’s way? What does that powerful sense of knowledge and ownership reveal about the gendered expectations that still accrue to the work of women directors of Shakespeare? Is the landscape shifting, and if so how? What strategies might feminist directors such as Katie Mitchell use to make way for women’s engagement with Shakespeare on feminism’s own terms, and to build a critical consensus around the legitimacy of their work?