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Hong, Sehee, and Soyoung Kim. "Comparisons of Multilevel Modeling and Structural Equation Modeling Approaches to Actor–Partner Interdependence Model." Psychological Reports 122, no. 2 (March 27, 2018): 558–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294118766608.
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There are basically two modeling approaches applicable to analyzing an actor–partner interdependence model: the multilevel modeling (hierarchical linear model) and the structural equation modeling. This article explains how to use these two models in analyzing an actor–partner interdependence model and how these two approaches work differently. As an empirical example, marital conflict data were used to analyze an actor–partner interdependence model. The multilevel modeling and the structural equation modeling produced virtually identical estimates for a basic model. However, the structural equation modeling approach allowed more realistic assumptions on measurement errors and factor loadings, rendering better model fit indices.
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Schrodt, Paul. "Stepparents' and nonresidential parents' relational satisfaction as a function of coparental communication in stepfamilies." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 28, no. 7 (February 28, 2011): 983–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407510397990.
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Using interdependence theory, this study tested a series of actor–partner interdependence models of coparental communication and relational satisfaction among stepparents and nonresidential parents in stepfamilies. Participants included 40 residential stepparent/nonresidential parent dyads ( N = 80). Results revealed significant actor and partner effects for stepparents' and nonresidential parents' reports of supportive and antagonistic coparental communication and relational satisfaction. A second set of models examined stepparents' and nonresidential parents' coparental communication with the residential parent and revealed that nonresidential parents' supportive and antagonistic coparental communication predicted their own satisfaction with the stepparent, as well as the stepparent’s satisfaction with them (i.e., a partner effect). Importantly, the findings demonstrate the interdependence of coparenting relationships in stepfamilies, as nonresidential parents' coparental communication with their ex-spouses predicted meaningful variance in stepparents' satisfaction with the nonresidential parent.
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Little, Todd D., and Noel A. Card. "On the use of Social Relations and Actor–Partner Interdependence Models in developmental research." International Journal of Behavioral Development 29, no. 2 (March 2005): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650250444000388.
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We offer comments on the eight works contained in the Special Issue, all of which use advanced methods for analysing interdependencies using variants of the Social Relations Model (SRM) or the Actor–Partner Interdependence Model (APIM). After critically discussing the SRM and APIM as used in these works, we describe similarities and differences between these two approaches. We also discuss the substantive contributions of this collection and then offer our suggestions for future development of the two models.
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Mancosu, Moreno, and Cristiano Vezzoni. "Actor-Partner Interdependence Models (APIM) and Voting Behavior: Methodology and Applications." Political Psychology 39, no. 1 (January 17, 2017): 163–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pops.12400.
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Jackson, Ben, Mark R. Beauchamp, and Peter Knapp. "Relational Efficacy Beliefs in Athlete Dyads: An Investigation Using Actor–Partner Interdependence Models." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 29, no. 2 (April 2007): 170–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.29.2.170.
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The first purpose of this study was to examine the interrelationships among three forms of relational efficacy within performing dyads, namely, self-efficacy, other-efficacy, and relation-inferred self-efficacy. The second objective was to examine the relationships between these efficacy beliefs and athletes’ perceptions of their commitment to and satisfaction with their current partnership. Participants were 120 junior tennis players (age, M = 14.30 years, SD = 1.21) performing within 60 intact pairs (i.e., doubles). Results revealed that self-efficacy and other-efficacy were predictive of athlete commitment and satisfaction, respectively. In addition, by utilizing actor–partner interdependence models, partner as well as actor effects were evident. The findings illustrate that relational efficacy beliefs may not only have implications for the individual holding such beliefs, but also for his or her relational partner. Implications for the future study of efficacy beliefs within dyadic contexts are discussed.
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Thomson, Jessica, Alicia Landry, and Tameka Walls. "Interdependence Relationships Between Sugar Intake and Sugary Drink Liking in Parent-Adolescent Dyads and Moderation by Adolescent Age and Dyad Sex." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 1097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab053_090.
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Abstract Objectives The objectives of this study were to determine if interdependence relationships between sugar from sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake and sugary drink liking existed in parent-adolescent dyads and if relationships were moderated by adolescent age and dyad sex. Methods Dyadic survey data from the cross-sectional, Internet-based Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health and Eating Study, conducted in 2014 were analyzed using actor-partner interdependence models. Parents and adolescents (12–17 years) completed demographic, diet and physical activity surveys. The outcome variable, dietary intake, was measured using a 27-item dietary screener. Explanatory variables included: (1) fruit drink liking and soda liking measured separately on 5-point Likert type scales for actor (self) and partner; (2) adolescent age in years; (3) parent-adolescent sex (male or female); and (4) 2-way interactions between explanatory variables. Results Interdependence effects were present for fruit drink liking with higher liking associated with greater sugar from SSB intake for both actor and partner effects. Only actor effects were present for soda liking; higher liking was associated with greater sugar from SSB intake. Associations between sugar from SSB intake and all three liking effects (stronger actor effects for parents and stronger partner effect for adolescents), adolescent age (increasing adolescent intake for increasing age) and dyad sex (increased intake for males) differed between parents and adolescents. Dyad sex moderated actor effects for fruit drink liking with generally greater sugar from SSB intake as liking increased for male parent dyads while adolescent age moderated actor effects for soda liking with increasing intake for increasing age in strongly like group. Conclusions The findings of differential parent-adolescent interdependence on associations between sugary drink liking and sugar from SSB intake suggest that parents’ liking may play a more influential role in their own and their adolescents’ beverage choices than adolescents’ liking plays in their parents’ choices. Additionally, individuals with strong liking for sugary drinks may require more concerted effort to reduce their sugar intake. Funding Sources This work was supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service.
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Smith, Evelyne, Adèle Guérard, Hugues Leduc, and Ghassan El-Baalbaki. "Reciprocal Personality Assessment of Both Partners in a Romantic Relationship and Its Correlates to Dyadic Adjustment." Social Sciences 8, no. 10 (September 27, 2019): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci8100271.
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This project examines the effects of self- and partner-rated personality and their reciprocal interaction between two partners. Personality in 113 young dating couples was measured with the Five-Factor Model and maladaptive personality trait model of the DSM-5. Partners completed self- and partner-reports of the NEO-FFI-3 and the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) as well as the self-report Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS). Three sets of Actor-Partner Interdependence Models (APIMs) were run to estimate actor and partner effects of self-rated personality, partner-rated personality, and of both sets of effects simultaneously in an integrated model. When self- and partner-rating models were examined separately, several significant actor and partner effects were observed. However, the strongest effects were observed in the partner-rating models. When self- and partner-rated personality were examined at the same time, most effects from the self-rating models disappeared. Furthermore, most of the effects as well as the strongest one observed were associated with an individual’s perception of their partner’s personality, particularly men’s perception of women’s personality. This study demonstrates the incremental predictive utility of individuals’ perception of their partner’s personality for explaining their own dyadic adjustment.
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Liang, Jiaming, Maria Aranda, and Yuri Jang. "ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN COVID-19 PERCEPTIONS AND PREVENTIVE BEHAVIORS IN DEMENTIA CAREGIVING DYADS." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.476.
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Abstract This study adopted a dyadic perspective to examine how the perceptions of COVID-19 (i.e., anxiousness & hopefulness) of dementia caregiving dyads are associated with their engagement in personal (e.g., washing hands, wearing mask) and social (e.g., avoiding physical contact and going restaurants/bars) preventive behaviors. Multiple cross-sectional Actor-Partner Interdependence Models (APIMs) were estimated using data from the 2020 NHATS/NSOC COVID-19 Supplements (N=1565). In the anxiousness models, participants’ own feeling of anxiousness was associated with their own engagement in personal preventive behaviors (actor effects), and the perceived anxiousness of PLWD was associated with personal preventive behaviors of caregivers (partner effect). In the model on social preventive behaviors, both actor and partner effects were found on dementia caregiving dyads. No effect was found in the models on hopefulness. Our findings extend understandings of mutual influence within the caregiving dyads and demonstrate the possibility of developing interventions for caregivers to promote PLWD’s health behaviors.
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Jackson, Ben, and Mark R. Beauchamp. "Efficacy Beliefs in Coach-Athlete Dyads: Prospective Relationships Using Actor-Partner Interdependence Models." Applied Psychology 59, no. 2 (April 2010): 220–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2009.00388.x.
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Arpin, Sarah N., and Cynthia D. Mohr. "Transient Loneliness and the Perceived Provision and Receipt of Capitalization Support Within Event-Disclosure Interactions." Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 45, no. 2 (July 19, 2018): 240–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0146167218783193.
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Research affirms that loneliness is a distressing experience with social-perceptual and behavioral consequences. Yet, little is known about consequences of transient loneliness, particularly within social interactions. The current study builds on reaffiliation motive and evolutionary models of state loneliness to investigate the effects of experimentally manipulated loneliness on individual and interaction partner perceptions during an event-sharing interaction, within 97 female dyads. Actor–partner interdependence mediation analyses revealed indirect effects for induction group (high vs. low loneliness) on positive affect, enjoyment, responsiveness, and partner positive affect, via induced state loneliness. Furthermore, state loneliness influenced actor and partner provision of responsiveness, via perceived responsiveness. Results reveal interpersonal consequences of transient loneliness, offering preliminary insight into conditions through which state perceptions of isolation may interfere with engagement in positive social interactions. Furthermore, implications for previously theorized evolutionary models of state loneliness and the reaffiliation motive are discussed.
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Meyer, Dixie, Breanna Kemper-Damm, Federico Parola, and Joanne Salas. "Depressive Symptoms as a Predictor of Men’s Relationship Satisfaction." Family Journal 27, no. 1 (October 29, 2018): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1066480718809058.
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Research supports an association between depressive symptoms and reduced relationship satisfaction. Yet the etiology of this relationship is unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine individual and partner influence on relationship satisfaction and depressive symptoms. We assessed whether romantic partners ( N = 84) reported similar depressive states and whether relationship satisfaction was influenced by partner and/or individual depressive symptoms. Partners had similar levels of depressive symptoms and relationship satisfaction. Actor–partner interdependence models demonstrated no partner effects of depressive symptoms on relationship satisfaction. However, there was an actor effect such that men’s depressive symptoms predicted their own relationship satisfaction; thus, how they perceive the romantic relationship. Couples counseling may be an effective form of treatment for individuals suffering from depressive symptoms to include partner support and to unravel how depressive symptoms may interfere with relationship perceptions.
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Amistad, Clark, Patrick D. Dunlop, Ryan Ng, Jeromy Anglim, and Ray Fells. "Personality and Integrative Negotiations: A Hexaco Investigation of Actor, Partner, and Actor–Partner Interaction Effects on Objective and Subjective Outcomes." European Journal of Personality 32, no. 4 (July 2018): 427–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2166.
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The present study sought to expand the literature on the relations of major dimensions of personality with integrative negotiation outcomes by introducing the HEXACO model, investigating both effects of the negotiators’ and their counterparts’ personality traits on objective and subjective negotiation outcomes, and investigating two interactions between the negotiators’ and counterparts’ personalities. One hundred forty–eight participants completed the HEXACO–100 measure of personality. Participants then engaged in a dyadic negotiation task that contained a mix of distributive and integrative elements (74 dyads). Measures of subjective experience and objective economic value were obtained, and actor–partner interdependence models were estimated. Personality was generally a better predictor of subjective experience than objective economic value. In particular, partner honesty–humility, extraversion, and openness predicted more positive negotiation experiences. An actor–partner interaction effect was found for actor–agreeableness by partner–honesty–humility on economic outcomes; agreeable actors achieved worse (better) economic outcomes when negotiating with partners that were low (high) on honesty–humility. © 2018 European Association of Personality Psychology
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STAS, LARA, DAVID A. KENNY, AXEL MAYER, and TOM LOEYS. "Giving dyadic data analysis away: A user‐friendly app for actor–partner interdependence models." Personal Relationships 25, no. 1 (March 2018): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/pere.12230.
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Perry, Nicholas S., Katherine J. W. Baucom, Stacia Bourne, Jonathan Butner, Alexander O. Crenshaw, Jasara N. Hogan, Zac E. Imel, Travis J. Wiltshire, and Brian R. W. Baucom. "Graphic methods for interpreting longitudinal dyadic patterns from repeated-measures actor–partner interdependence models." Journal of Family Psychology 31, no. 5 (August 2017): 592–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/fam0000293.
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Stokes, Jeffrey E. "Two-Wave Dyadic Analysis of Marital Quality and Loneliness in Later Life: Results From the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing." Research on Aging 39, no. 5 (January 4, 2016): 635–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0164027515624224.
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This study examines dyadic reports of marital quality and loneliness over a two-year period among 932 older married couples resident in Ireland. Data from the first two waves of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (2009–2013) were analyzed to determine whether husbands’ and wives’ marital quality and loneliness at baseline predicted both spouses’ loneliness 2 years later. Two-wave lagged models tested the cognitive perspective on loneliness, the induction hypothesis, and actor–partner interdependence. Results indicated that perceptions of negative marital quality at baseline were related with greater loneliness 2 years later, supporting the cognitive perspective. Further, both spouses’ reports of loneliness at baseline were related with loneliness 2 years later, supporting the induction hypothesis. Partners’ reports of marital quality were not related with future loneliness, failing to support actor–partner interdependence. I discuss the implications of these findings for theory, practice, and future research concerning intimate relationships and loneliness in later life.
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Howrey, Bret, Jaqueline Avila, Brian Downer, and Rebeca Wong. "Social Engagement and Cognitive Function of Older Adults in Mexico and the United States." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 560–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1846.
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Abstract Social engagement is linked to better cognition, but it is unclear if the social engagement of husbands and wives influences their own cognition as well as each other’s cognition in two very different country contexts. Data on married couples come from the 2001 Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) and the 2000 Health and Retirement Study (HRS), with follow-up cognition measured in 2012. Structural equation models (SEM) were used to test the actor-partner interdependence model on the association of social engagement with cognition. In Mexico wives’ social engagement benefited their own cognition as well as their husbands’, but husband’s social engagement was unrelated to cognition. In the U.S. both wives’ and husbands’ social engagement benefited their own cognition, but not each other’s. Results suggest asymmetric patterns of actor-partner interdependence in Mexico, possibly reflecting more traditional social roles of women and co-dependence within couples, but more independence within U.S. couples.
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Aguilar-Raab, Corina, Friederike Winter, Marc N. Jarczok, Beate Ditzen, and Marco Warth. "Feeling low and unhappy together? An actor-partner-interdependence model uncovering the linkage between different operationalizations of relationship quality and depression in different-sex couples." PLOS ONE 17, no. 11 (November 16, 2022): e0274756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274756.
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Some studies suggest a bi-directional association between low relationship quality and depression. However, the social impact of depression and the potential preventative effects of healthy relationships are not yet sufficiently understood, as studies have shown heterogenous results for effects in both directions. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to differentiate the actor and partner effects of this association more comprehensively using two measures to capture characteristics of relationship quality–firstly regarding general aspects of social system quality and secondly considering specific aspects of the romantic relationship. 110 different-sex couples were included, being separated in partners with highly pronounced depressive symptoms in women (Cw/DW) versus partners with low depressive symptoms (LDCs). We investigated effects cross-sectionally using multi-group analyses to predict relationship (couple specific questionnaire: PFB) versus system quality (general system quality questionnaire: EVOS) in a step-by-step approach, modelling actor and partner effects with variation within and across both groups and then comparing the results to models with equal actor and partner effects. Depression was measured with the PHQ-9. With regard to the relationship between depressive symptoms and system quality, the model that constrained actor and partner effects to be equal across both groups was preferred and showed negative significant actor effects across gender and groups. Concerning the association between depressive symptoms and relationship quality, the model constraining actor and partner effects to be equal within groups had the best fit to the data and revealed a negative partner effect in LDCs. Conclusions Controlling for the moderating variable of clinically relevant depressive symptoms, we found evidence for actor and partner effects, which differed between the two relationship measures. This underlines the importance to reflect how relationship quality is operationalized. The negative partner effect on relationship quality in LDCs emphasizes that even in a non-clinical context, depressive symptoms negatively impact the perceived relationship quality of both women and men. This suggests that addressing the relationship is important in non-clinical preventive contexts and calls for integrating the partner into counselling or trainings.
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Baker, Katherine, and Roger Figueroa. "Motivation, Attitudes, and Diet Quality Among US Parents and Adolescents." American Journal of Health Behavior 45, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.45.1.10.
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Objectives: In this paper, we assessed interdependent associations between food-related psychosocial traits and diet quality (ie, healthy and ultra-processed food consumption) among parent-adolescent dyads. Methods: This secondary analysis used data from the Family, Life, Activity, Sun and Health (FLASHE) study, which measured diet and other health behaviors in American parent-adolescent dyads (N = 1646). Actor-Partner Interdependence Models were used to apply a dyadic extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Social Determination Theory constructs (motivation, attitudes and self-efficacy) in relation to healthy and ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption. Results: Parent (b = 0.46, p < .01) and adolescent motivation (b = 0.42, p < .01) had positive actor effects on healthy food consumption. Parental attitudes had a negative actor effect (b = -0.20, p < .01) and adolescent attitudes had a positive actor effect (b = 0.34, p < .01) on healthy food consumption. Parent (b = -0.18, p < .01) and adolescent motivation (b = -0.14, p < .01) had negative actor effects on UPF consumption. No significant partner effects were found. Conclusions: Food-related psychosocial traits are associated with parent and adolescent diet quality. Interventions and guidelines that aim to strengthen an individual's ability to make healthful dietary choices, particularly those focused on reducing UPF consumption, are warranted, and may benefit from drawing on behavioral theories, especially those focused on motivational traits.
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Mussa, Kadija, and Chalandra Bryant. "LOVE AMONG OLDER AFRICAN AMERICAN COUPLES: AN ACTOR PARTNER INTERDEPENDENCE MODEL ANALYSIS." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.3056.
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Abstract Older women are often described as being asexual and uninterested in sex or intimacy (McHugh & Interligi, 2015). Thus, most research examining older couples describes those couples as primarily enjoying companionate or compassionate love – a type of love reflecting care and concern for another person (Allen et al., 2018). Unlike companionate or compassionate love, passionate love refers to a “state of intense longing for union with another” (Hatfield & Rapson, 1993, p. 67). Relatively little is known about passionate love and older couples (Hatfield & Rapson, 1993); moreover, far less is known about passionate love among African American older couples. Using data collected from African American couples (332 couples aged 20 to 39 and 90 couples aged 40 to 79), Actor-Partner Interdependence Models were used. For both age groups, 20 to 39 and 40 to 79, husbands’ and wives’ reports of marital quality were significantly associated with each other at Time 1. Husbands’ and wives’ reports of passionate love (assessed at Time 2) were not significantly associated with each other – for either age group under study. Cross paths (partner effects) were not significant for either of the two age groups; wives’ marital quality (Time 1) did not significantly predict husbands’ passionate love (Time 2), nor did husbands’ marital quality (Time 1) predict wives passionate love (Time 2). It is important to note that the older and younger age groups exhibited a similar pattern of results, suggesting that passion and physical intimacy may operate in similar ways for both.
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Veronica Smith, C., Benjamin W. Hadden, Gregory D. Webster, Peter K. Jonason, Amanda N. Gesselman, and Laura C. Crysel. "Mutually attracted or repulsed? Actor–partner interdependence models of Dark Triad traits and relationship outcomes." Personality and Individual Differences 67 (September 2014): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2014.01.044.
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Litzelman, Kristin, Jen Stevens, Ashley Berghoff, Afnan Balubaid, and Kristine Kwekkeboom. "PSYCHONEUROLOGICAL SYMPTOMS IN CANCER SURVIVORS AND THEIR CAREGIVERS: A LONGITUDINAL PILOT STUDY." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 537–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.2043.
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Abstract In cancer patients, stress is associated with a psychoneurologic symptom cluster of depressed mood, anxiety, pain, fatigue, and sleep disturbance. The stress of caregiving may trigger similar symptoms among caregivers and warrants investigation. The purpose of this analysis was to characterize correlates of psychoneurologic symptoms in cancer caregivers. Cancer survivor-caregiver dyads (n=29) provided eight weekly symptom reports using a web-based assessment system. Symptom burden was calculated as the sum of symptom severity (mean=7.5, SD=8.1, range=0-41). Primary and secondary stressors of caregiving were also assessed. Mixed modeling was used, accounting for repeated measures. Models controlled for person-mean of time varying covariates, as well as sociodemographic, clinical, and care-related covariates. A secondary analysis assessed interdependence in survivor and caregiver symptoms using Actor-Partner Interdependence Models. In descriptive analyses, caregivers most frequently reported feeling anxious (44% on average across timepoints), sleep problems (31%), fatigue (25%), depressed mood (24%), and feeling irritable/angry (24%). Within caregivers, greater hours of care (beta=0.11, p<.01) and more patient symptoms (beta=0.10, p<.01) were associated with greater symptom burden. Between caregivers, higher baseline perceived stress was associated with greater symptom burden (beta=0.38, p=.04) and coresidence with the survivor was associated with lower symptom burden (beta=-12.8, p<.01). Caregivers experienced higher symptoms when patients specifically reported anxiety, lack of appetite, or pain (beta=1.4, 2,4, and 3.0, p<.05). Cross-lagged Actor-Partner Interdependence Models indicated interdependence among survivor and caregiver symptom burden. The findings provide preliminary evidence of the interrelationship of psychoneurologic symptoms in survivors and patients, with implications for symptom management and supportive care practice.
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Liu, Juhong, and Todd Jackson. "Testing integrated models of relationship satisfaction among married Chinese couples using the actor–partner interdependence model." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 36, no. 4 (February 13, 2018): 1256–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407518757708.
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Enduring dynamics including attachment styles and changes in the nature of interactions during the course of marriage such as increased disillusionment and mounting conflict have been implicated in separate accounts of relationship dissatisfaction and dissolution. However, the viability of integrated accounts is not well understood, especially in collectivist, non-Western contexts. Toward elucidating this issue, we examined links between attachment style, facets of disillusionment versus emergent distress model features, and relationship satisfaction in married, mainland Chinese couples. Both partners in 404 heterosexual couples completed self-report measures of relationship satisfaction, attachment style, key features of the disillusionment perspective (passionate love, relationship aggrandizement, disillusionment), and emergent distress account (problems in conflict management). Dyadic and structural aspects of mediation were tested using the actor–partner interdependence model. Within each gender, associations between elevations in avoidant attachment and reduced relationship satisfaction were mediated by participant and partner experiences of disillusionment on one hand and conflict management difficulties on the other hand. Acceptable fits were observed for final attachment–disillusionment and attachment–emergent distress models. Together, the results suggested increases in relationship disillusionment and conflict are plausible pathways by which high levels of avoidant attachment increase risk for losses of relationship satisfaction within married Chinese couples.
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Landvatter, Joshua D., Bert N. Uchino, Timothy W. Smith, and Jos A. Bosch. "Partner’s Perceived Social Support Influences Their Spouse’s Inflammation: An Actor–Partner Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 2 (January 12, 2022): 799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020799.
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Social support has been linked to lower cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, most studies have examined perceived support as an intrapersonal construct. A dyadic approach to social support highlights how interdependence between individuals within relationships, including partner perceptions and interactions, can influence one’s health. This study’s overall purpose was to test actor–partner models linking perceived social support to inflammation. Ninety-four cisgender married couples completed perceived support measures and had their blood drawn for CRP and IL-6 to produce an overall inflammatory index. The primary results indicate that only a partner’s level of perceived support was related to lower inflammation in their spouse. Our sample size, although moderate for inflammatory studies, was probably not large enough to detect actor influences. These data highlight the importance of taking a dyadic perspective on modeling perceived support and its potential mechanism.
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Stewart, S., F. King, L. Rodriguez, S. Meier, S. Sherry, A. Abbass, H. Deacon, R. Nogueira-Arjona, and A. Hagen. "The effects of excessive and compulsive online searching of COVID-19 information (“cyberchondria”) on general and COVID-19-specific anxiety and fear in romantic couples during lockdown." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S295—S296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.792.
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IntroductionCyberchondria involves excessive and uncontrollable online searching of information about a perceived illness. This behavior can cause or maintain distress.ObjectivesLittle is known about cyberchondria during the COVID-19 pandemic or how cyberchondria in one individual may cause distress in their significant other if they are self-isolating together; our study sought to fill these gaps.MethodsWe conducted a Qualtrics Panel survey with 760 cohabitating Canadian couples; in June 2020, participants retrospectively reported on their cyberchondria behavior, general anxiety, and COVID-19 fears during the month of April 2020, while adhering to stay-at-home advisories. Two separate actor-partner interdependence models (APIMs) used cyberchondria excessiveness and compulsion to predict generalized anxiety and COVID-19 danger/contamination fears in the actor and partner.ResultsBoth cyberchondria excessiveness and compulsion were associated with higher general anxiety and higher COVID-19 danger/contamination fears in the individual (actor effects). Partner cyberchondria compulsion was associated with higher general anxiety in the individual whereas partner cyberchondria excessiveness was associated with higher COVID-19 danger/contamination fears in the individual (partner effects).ConclusionsFindings suggest that excessive and uncontrollable searching of information about COVID-19 on the internet during lockdown may contribute to distress in both the individual engaging in the cyberchondria behavior, and in their romantic partner. Moreover, different aspects of cyberchondria in the partner (compulsion vs. excessiveness) appears to contribute to general vs. COVID-19-specific anxiety/fears in the partner, respectively. Future research should examine mechanisms underlying the observed partner effects (e.g., co-rumination, social contagion) and reasons for the differential partner effects of cyberchondria components.
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Morr Loftus, Mary Claire, and Veronica A. Droser. "Parent and Child Experiences of Parental Work–Family Conflict and Satisfaction with Work and Family." Journal of Family Issues 41, no. 9 (January 12, 2020): 1649–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x19895043.
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This study examined the relationship between parent and young adult child perceptions of parental work–family conflict and work and family satisfaction. Data were collected from 112 parent–child dyads, and children perceived parents to experience significantly more strain-based work–family conflict than parents reported. Parent and child did not differ in ratings of five other dimensions of parent’s work–family and family–work conflict. Parent and child ratings of the parent’s experience of all three dimensions of work–family conflict and one of three dimensions of family–work conflict were positively correlated. Four actor–partner interdependence models using multilevel modeling tested dyadic effects of work–family or family–work conflict on work or family satisfaction. Negative actor effects were found for behavior-based work–family and family–work conflict and for strain-based family–work conflict on family satisfaction. Negative actor effects existed for behavior-based work–family and family–work conflict on work satisfaction, and behavior-based work–family conflict also had a negative partner effect on work satisfaction.
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Hartley, Sigan L., Emily J. Hickey, Leann DaWalt, and Geovanna Rodriguez. "Broader autism phenotype and couple interactions in parents of children with autism." Autism 23, no. 8 (April 17, 2019): 2068–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362361319841312.
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The broader autism phenotype refers to sub-clinical autism spectrum disorder characteristics involving socially and emotionally aloof and rigid personality traits and social communication difficulties. Relatives of individuals with autism spectrum disorder, including parents, evidence an increased rate of broader autism phenotype. The goal of this study was to evaluate the association between actor (one’s own) and partner (their partner’s) broader autism phenotype and the self-reported, observed, and physiological (i.e. electrodermal reactivity) markers of the quality of videotaped couple problem-solving interactions in 158 couples, who had a child with autism spectrum disorder (aged 5–12 years). The mean age of mothers was 39.79 (standard deviation = 5.06) years and the mean age of fathers was 41.77 (standard deviation = 6.02) years for fathers, and 36.6% of parents did not have a college degree. Actor–partner interdependence models, using structural equation modeling in analysis of moment structures, were conducted. Results indicated that parent broader autism phenotype was positively related to adverse couple problem-solving interactions across all measurement methods (observed codes, self-reported affect, and electrodermal reactivity). These effects were independent of child-related challenges. The effect of parent broader autism phenotype occurred through both actor and partner pathways and was strongest for father broader autism phenotype.
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Wieder, Gesine, and Travis J. Wiltshire. "Investigating coregulation of emotional arousal during exposure-based CBT using vocal encoding and actor–partner interdependence models." Journal of Counseling Psychology 67, no. 3 (April 2020): 337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cou0000405.
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Lehane, Christine M., Sofia Maria Hofsöe, Walter Wittich, and Jesper Dammeyer. "Mental Health and Spouse Support Among Older Couples Living With Sensory Loss." Journal of Aging and Health 30, no. 8 (June 14, 2017): 1205–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264317713135.
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Objectives: The current study examined the mental health of couples living with and without sensory loss; compared the mental health of couples living with hearing, vision, or dual-sensory loss; and investigated the association between spouse support and the mental health of couples living with sensory loss. Method: The study included 513 couples with sensory loss and 1,079 couples without sensory loss. Actor–Partner Interdependence Models were used to examine associations between spouse support and mental health. Results: Controlling for potential covariates, individuals with sensory loss and their spouses were at a greater risk of mental health problems. Sensory loss modality (hearing and/or vision) did not explain any differences. Both actor and partner effects of spouse support on anxiety and depression were found. Discussion: The findings highlight the need to support the mental health of couples living with sensory loss and indicate the importance of considering the intimate relationship in future studies.
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吳志文, 吳志文, and 張思嘉 Chih-Wen Wu. "正向與負向婚姻品質對新婚夫妻自我概念的影響: 行動者—伴侶相依模式之探討." 中華輔導與諮商學報 64, no. 64 (May 2022): 065–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/172851862022050064003.
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<p>研究目的:本研究探討婚姻初期自身及伴侶對關係的正向與負向整體評估對形塑華人夫妻的婚姻我(婚 姻關係中與配偶相互尊重並維護和諧互動的關係自我概念)與家族我(家人團體中達成家人共識與團結 並實現家族目標的團體自我概念)的影響。研究方法:兩波間隔兩年的追蹤調查共蒐集到93對夫妻的有 效資料，第一波施測時平均婚齡為1.30年(標準差0.68年)，丈夫與妻子的平均年齡分別為31.46歲(標 準差3.51歲)與29.89歲(標準差2.84歲)。研究結果:分別針對正向婚姻品質(模型一)與負向婚姻品 質(模型二)進行行動者—伴侶相依模式分析，皆獲得可接受的整體適配度。模型一結果指出，夫妻雙 方的正向婚姻品質對自身婚姻我與家族我皆具正向顯著的行動者效果，妻子的正向婚姻品質對丈夫婚姻 我具正向顯著的伴侶效果，其餘效果未達顯著水準。模型二結果發現，妻子負向婚姻品質對自身婚姻我 與家族我具負向顯著的行動者效果，並對丈夫婚姻我與家族我也有負向顯著的伴侶效果，其餘效果未達 顯著水準。研究結論:婚姻生活中的正、負向婚姻品質在婚姻初期有著形塑、再構婚姻我與家族我的作 用，且在夫妻間有著不同影響。最後探討抽樣偏誤、缺乏細緻運作機制等相關研究限制與未來方向，並 期望各項發現可供實務應用，增進理解婚姻生活經驗形塑華人多元自我概念的運作機制。</p> <p> </p><p>Context and Objectives: Marriage brings many challenges, which require careful management and adjustment by both spouses. One of the noteworthy challenges is that individuals will start to view themselves in different ways. During the newlywed period, the self-concepts corresponding to the couple’s new role of spouse and family group members will be developed. As a spouse in a marital relationship, Chinese couples’ marital self-concept (MSC) represents their relationship-oriented self-construal to have mutual love and support with their spouses and maintain a harmonious interaction in their relationship. As a member of both the original family and in-law family, Chinese couples’ familial self-concept (FSC) represents their group-oriented self-construal to honor their families, reach consensus among family members, and achieve the goals of all their family members. Even though the self- concept has an important effect on couples’ marital adaptation, research on how the marriage couples’ self- concepts would be reconstructed is scarce. Because one’s self-concept would be reconstructed by life experience, the purpose of this study is to investigate how marriage life influences Chinese couples’ MSC and FSC in the early stage of marriage. Considering that positive and negative self-involved experiences could drive dissimilar mechanisms, this study attempts to explore the specific effect of positive and negative marital quality. Then, based on the nature of interdependence between marriage couples, this study also uses the actor-partner interdependence model to further explore the actor effect and partner effect between husbands and wives. Method: This study conducted two waves of follow-up surveys separated by a 2-year lag and collected a total of 93 valid dyad-data from couples living in the north (n = 53), middle (n = 11), south (n = 20), and east regions of Taiwan (n = 9). The average length of marriage at the first wave was 1.30 years (SD = 0.68 years), and the average age of the husband and wife were 31.46 years old (SD = 3.51 years) and 29.89 years old (SD = 2.84 years), respectively. This study used structural equation modeling to analyze two hypothetical actor-partner interdependence models. Results: The first model investigated the actor- and partner-effect of positive marital quality on couples’ MSC and FSC and showed acceptable model fit ( 2 = 264.16; df = 204; p = .003; 2/df = 1.29; CFI = .93; TLI = .91; RMSEA = .056; SRMR = .052). The actor-effects of husbands’ and wives’ positive marital quality was positively significant on their own MSC (husbands:11 = .50, SE = 0.11,p < .001; wives:γ32 = .55,SE = 0.12,p < .001) and FSC (husbands: 21 = .33, SE = 0.12, p = .007; wives: 42 = .27, SE = 0.13, p = .034). The partner-effect of wives’ positive maritalqualitywaspositivelysignificantonhusbands’MSC(12 =.24,SE =0.12,p =.036),andtheotherpartner- effects were non-significant. The second model investigated the actor- and partner-effect of negative marital quality and also showed acceptable model fit ( 2 = 253.49; df = 204; p = .011; 2/df = 1.24; CFI = .93; TLI = .91; RMSEA = .051; SRMR = .059). The actor-effect and the partner-effect of husbands’ negative marital quality were non-significant on their own and with wives’ MSC and FSC. However, the actor-effect and the partner-effect of wives’ negative marital quality were negatively significant on their own and with husbands’ MSC (actor-effect: 32 = -.53, SE = 0.14, p < .001; partner-effect: 12 = -.48, SE = 0.15, p = .001) and FSC (actor-effect: 42 = -.42, SE = 0.14, p = .003; partner-effect: 22 = -.35, SE = 0.15, p = .025). Discussion and Conclusion: This study highlighted that positive and negative marital quality in the early stage of marriage can shape and restructure Chinese couples’ self-identification as a spouse and a family group member. Additionally, husbands’ and wives’ marriage life experiences can have different influences on their own and their partners’ self-concepts. Particularly, the wives’ both positive and negative marital qualities have impressive impacts on shaping their own and their husbands’ marital and familial self-concept. The limitation of sampling bias and its influences on the current results are discussed, and the understanding of the detailed mechanism linking positive and negative marital quality to Chinese couples’ self-concept is still very limited and requires further exploration and more attention. These findings might be of importance in providing professional consultants and family life educators a better understanding of how Chinese couples’ marital and familial self-concept will be affected by their life experiences in the early stage of marriage.</p> <p> </p>
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Guo, Xiamei. "Longitudinal Dyadic Associations between Depressive Symptoms and Life Satisfaction among Chinese Married Couples and the Moderating Effect of Within-Dyad Age Discrepancy." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 20 (October 14, 2022): 13277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013277.
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Family systems theory defines the family unit as a complex social system in which individual members influence and are influenced by each other. The current study aimed to investigate the longitudinal dyadic associations between life satisfaction and depressive symptoms among a sample of Chinese married couples and the moderating effect of within-dyad age discrepancy. The current sample included 5773 married couples who completed three waves of assessments of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) in 2012, 2016, and 2018. The sample was categorized into two groups based on the within-dyad age discrepancy: the younger-wife–older-husband dyads (n = 4280, 74.13%) and the older-wife–younger-husband dyads (n = 1493, 25.86%). The longitudinal actor–partner interdependence models with multiple-group analysis were used to analyze the data. The results showed that a majority of actor effects were significant across time, and the two groups exhibited the same pattern among the actor effects. The older-wife–younger-husband dyads showed fewer significant partner effects than the younger-wife–older-husband dyads, and most partner effects indicated mutual rather than unidirectional influence. These findings yielded support for the statement of family systems theory that family members interconnect and that the development of one’s well-being needs to be understood in the context of the spouse’s well-being.
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Young, Valerie J., Tricia J. Burke, and Melissa A. Curran. "Interpersonal effects of health-related social control: Positive and negative influence, partner health transformations, and relationship quality." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 36, no. 11-12 (May 6, 2019): 3986–4004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407519846565.
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It is common for romantic partners to influence one another’s health maintenance behaviors. Previous research has examined positively and negatively framed social control messages to understand health behavior outcomes and relational affect; however, this study confirms and extends previous research by studying the associations between health transformations (from interdependence theory, health behaviors enacted for the partner) and relationship satisfaction. Data from a cross-sectional dyadic survey of heterosexual couples were analyzed using actor–partner independence models. As expected, dyadic results showed that positive social control was associated with greater healthy and fewer unhealthy partner transformations, whereas negative social control was associated with lower relationship satisfaction and more unhealthy transformations. Further, the breadth of partner health behaviors that individuals attempt to influence moderated the associations between social control and relationship satisfaction and health transformations. We discuss how the results from this study underscore the health implications associated with the nature and breadth of social control communication in romantic relationships.
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Feinstein, Brian A., Elizabeth McConnell, Christina Dyar, Brian Mustanski, and Michael E. Newcomb. "Minority stress and relationship functioning among young male same-sex couples: An examination of actor–partner interdependence models." Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 86, no. 5 (May 2018): 416–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000296.
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Monin, Joan, Jennifer Tomlinson, and Brooke Feeney. "Laughter and Short-Term Blood Pressure Reactivity in Spousal Support Interactions." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2236.
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Abstract Individual effects of laughter in reducing stress are well-documented. However, no research has examined dyadic associations between laughter and blood pressure in spousal support interactions. This study examined the hypotheses that individual and shared laughter would be associated with lower blood pressure and distress during a support interaction for both the “support-seeker” and the “support-provider”. Two hundred and seventy-one older adult couples were video-recorded and their blood pressure was monitored during a baseline, a discussion about the support-seeker’s greatest fear related to aging, and while playing a game in the laboratory. Both spouses reported their distress after the support interaction. Laughter was coded by trained observers. According to the Actor Partner Interdependence Models, the more the support-seeker laughed, the lower the support-provider’s systolic blood pressure was during the support interaction (partner effect). Also, laughter was associated with less distress for both spouses during the support interaction (actor effects). Part of a symposium sponsored by Dyadic Research on Health and Illness Across the Adult Lifespan Interest Group.
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Hatak, Isabella, and Haibo Zhou. "Health as Human Capital in Entrepreneurship: Individual, Extension, and Substitution Effects on Entrepreneurial Success." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 45, no. 1 (August 13, 2019): 18–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1042258719867559.
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This study investigates how entrepreneurial health and spousal health influence monetary and non-monetary entrepreneurial success. Drawing on human capital theory in combination with a family embeddedness perspective on entrepreneurship and applying actor–partner interdependence models to longitudinal data, we conclude that overall spousal health constitutes an important extension of entrepreneurs’ human capital influencing entrepreneurial success. This study further contributes to human capital research by offering interesting insights and novel theorizing on substitution effects for different types of entrepreneurial human capital, and adds to a biological perspective on entrepreneurship by considering the differential role of biological sex in the health–success relationship.
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Hsieh, Ning, and Louise Hawkley. "Loneliness in the older adult marriage." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 35, no. 10 (June 8, 2017): 1319–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265407517712480.
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Marriage protects against loneliness, but not all marriages are equally protective. While marriage is a highly interdependent relationship, loneliness in marital dyads has received very little research attention. Unlike most studies proposing that positive and negative marital qualities independently affect loneliness at the individual level, we used a contextual approach to characterize each partner’s ratings of the marriage as supportive (high support, low strain), ambivalent (high support, high strain), indifferent (low support, low strain), or aversive (low support, high strain) and examined how these qualities associate with own and partner’s loneliness. Using couple data from the Wave II National Social Life, Health and Aging Project ( N = 953 couples), we found that more than half of the older adults live in an ambivalent, indifferent, or aversive marriage. Actor–partner interdependence models showed that positive and negative marital qualities synergistically predict couple loneliness. Spouses in aversive marriages are lonelier than their supportively married counterparts (actor effect), and that marital aversion increases the loneliness of their partners (partner effect). In addition, wives (but not husbands) in indifferent marriages are lonelier than their supportively married counterparts. These effects of poor marital quality on loneliness were not ameliorated by good relationships with friends and relatives. Results highlight the prominent role of the marriage relationship for imbuing a sense of connectedness among older adults and underscore the need for additional research to identify strategies to help older adults optimize their marital relationship.
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Schacter, Hannah L., Corey Pettit, Yehsong Kim, Stassja Sichko, Adela C. Timmons, Theodora Chaspari, Sohyun C. Han, and Gayla Margolin. "A Matter of the Heart: Daytime Relationship Functioning and Overnight Heart Rate in Young Dating Couples." Annals of Behavioral Medicine 54, no. 10 (April 13, 2020): 794–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/abm/kaaa019.
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Abstract Background Although past longitudinal research demonstrates that romantic partners affect one another’s health outcomes, considerably less is known about how romantic experiences “get under the skin” in everyday life. Purpose The current study investigated whether young couples’ naturally occurring feelings of closeness to and annoyance with each other during waking hours were associated with their overnight cardiovascular activity. Methods Participants were 63 heterosexual young adult dating couples (Mage = 23.07). Using ecological momentary assessments, couples reported their hourly feelings of closeness to and annoyance with their partners across 1 day; subsequent overnight heart rate was captured through wearable electrocardiogram biosensors. Actor–partner interdependence models tested whether individuals’ overnight heart rate varied as a function of (a) their own daytime feelings of closeness and annoyance (actor effects) and (b) their partner’s daytime feelings of closeness and annoyance (partner effects) while controlling for daytime heart rate. Results Although young adults’ feelings of romantic closeness and annoyance were unrelated to their own overnight heart rate (i.e., no actor effects), gender-specific partner effects emerged. Young men’s nocturnal heart rate was uniquely predicted by their female partner’s daytime relationship feelings. When women felt closer to their partners during the day, men exhibited lower overnight heart rate. When women felt more annoyed with their partners during the day, men exhibited heightened overnight heart rate. Conclusions The findings illustrate gender-specific links between couple functioning and physiological arousal in the everyday lives of young dating couples, implicating physiological sensitivity to partner experiences as one potential pathway through which relationships affect health.
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Kelley, Michelle L., Adrian J. Bravo, Abby L. Braitman, Rebecca A. Price, and Tyler D. White. "Mental Health Symptoms and Parenting Among Father-Only and Dual Substance Use Disorder Couples." Journal of Family Issues 39, no. 3 (November 26, 2016): 796–816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x16680014.
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In the present study, we examined associations between fathers’ and mothers’ mental health symptoms as related to their own and their partner’s parenting in couples in which fathers ( n = 38 families) or both partners ( n = 30 families) had substance use disorder. Each partner reported on symptoms of depression, anxiety, and hostility; children reported on each parent’s parenting behaviors, including acceptance, psychological control, and knowledge of children. Actor–partner interdependence models indicated that when substance-abusing fathers have more symptoms of anxiety and depression, nonsubstance-abusing mothers report greater knowledge of children, whereas nonsubstance-abusing mothers’ mental health symptoms were related to less paternal knowledge of children. In dual substance use disorder couples, mothers’ depressive symptoms were associated with more paternal knowledge of children. These preliminary findings offer select support for family systems theory.
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Helgeson, Vicki S., Jeanean B. Naqvi, Melissa Zajdel, and Fiona Horner. "Communal coping manifested in daily Life: A focus on gender." Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 39, no. 4 (October 24, 2021): 1023–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02654075211052633.
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Communal coping consists of a shared appraisal of a stressor and collaborative efforts to manage it. There has been a wealth of literature linking communal coping to relationship and health outcomes, but there is little research on the context in which communal coping occurs or how communal coping is manifested in daily life. The first and second study goals were to examine the implications of gender for the components of communal coping (shared appraisal, collaboration) and for potential manifestations of communal coping in daily life (e.g., shared meals). Our third study goal was to examine whether shared appraisal and collaboration in the context of diabetes generalized to another domain—household chore distribution—and whether these relations were moderated by gender. As an exploratory goal, we examined intersections of gender with race. Participants were 203 couples in which one person had been recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Shared appraisal and collaboration were assessed with multiple methods. Results showed greater shared appraisal and collaboration when patients were male than when they were female. This finding extended to some, but not all, of the daily life behaviors. Actor–partner interdependence models showed that the relations of actor and partner shared appraisal to household labor depended on both role (patient, spouse) and gender; relations of actor and partner collaboration depended only on role. Findings were not moderated by race. These results highlight the need to consider gender in the context of communal coping.
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Hocking, Elise, Raluca M. Simons, Jeffrey S. Simons, Harry Freeman, and Gina Poole. "Attachment Insecurity, Hazardous Alcohol Use, and Intimate Partner Violence: A Dyadic Analysis." Partner Abuse 13, no. 4 (October 1, 2022): 435–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/pa-2021-0053.
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According to the I3 model, intimate partner violence (IPV) results from an interaction of instigating, impelling, and inhibiting factors. Attachment insecurity is a well-established risk factor for IPV perpetration, but few studies have focused on its role as an impellor within an I3 framework. The current study investigated the independent and interactive effects of attachment insecurity (in impelling factor) and hazardous alcohol use (a disinhibiting factor) on IPV perpetration. It was hypothesized that hazardous alcohol use would moderate the relationship between attachment insecurity and IPV perpetration, such that this relationship would be stronger at higher levels of hazardous alcohol use. Couples (N = 133 dyads) ages 18–40 who had been involved in a committed inti-mate partner relationship for at least 90 days and had consumed alcohol within the past 90 days were recruited online through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk and a university recruitment system. Structural equation models were estimated using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model to evaluate actor and partner effects of each risk factor on IPV perpetration. The hypothesized interaction was not significant; however, both hazardous alcohol use and attachment insecurity uniquely predicted different forms of IPV. Results suggest that impelling and inhibiting processes may differentially influence psychological aggression and physical assault, providing further support for varying thresholds for perpetration as posited by the I3 model. Partner effects for both predictors were observed, such that attachment insecurity and hazardous alcohol use of one partner predicted IPV perpetrated by the other partner. These findings also highlight the importance of considering dyadic processes when conceptualizing the etiological and perpetuating factors of IPV.
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Burns, Rachel J. "Dyadic Associations Between Body Mass Index and the Development of Type 2 Diabetes in Romantic Couples: Results From the Health and Retirement Study." Annals of Behavioral Medicine 54, no. 4 (October 5, 2019): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/abm/kaz042.
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Abstract Background Body mass index (BMI) is linked to Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although romantic partners influence each other's health outcomes, it is unclear if partner's BMI is related to the development of T2D. Purpose To test prospective, dyadic associations between BMI and the development of T2D in middle-aged and older adult couples over 8 years. Methods Data came from 950 couples in the Health and Retirement Study. Neither partner had diabetes at baseline (2006). The actor–partner interdependence model was used to examine dyadic associations between BMI at baseline and the development of T2D during the next 8 years. Results After adjusting for covariates, a significant actor effect was observed such that one's BMI at baseline was positively associated with one's own odds of developing T2D during follow-up (odds ratio [OR] = 1.08, p < .001). A significant partner effect was also observed such that the BMI of one's partner at baseline was positively associated with one's own odds of developing T2D during follow-up above and beyond one's own baseline BMI (OR = 1.04, p = .003). These associations were not moderated by sex. This pattern of results held when BMI was coded categorically (not overweight/obese; overweight; obese). Conclusions Partner's BMI was prospectively associated with the likelihood of developing T2D. Future research should consider interpersonal risk factors for chronic health conditions, such as T2D. There is an opportunity to develop theoretical models that specify how and when partner characteristics are linked to physical morbidity.
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Meyer, Kylie, Neela Patel, and Carole White. "The Dyadic Effects of Perceived Support on Depression in Spousal Care Partners." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1139.
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Abstract Relationship quality is an important factor affecting care partners’ health and wellbeing. Supportive marital relationships are associated with better physical and subjective health, whereas strain is associated with poorer health. Recent studies now indicate a dyadic effect of relationship quality on health outcomes, such that an individual’s perceptions of their relationship also affects their partner’s outcomes. Few studies have examined the dyadic effects of relationship quality on mental health among older cognitively intact caregiving couples. To address the lack of dyadic research about how perceived support from one’s spouse related to experiences of depression for individuals and their care partners, we apply cross-sectional actor partner interdependence models (APIMs) to data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) (N=490 dyads). APIM regression models controlled for participant demographic characteristics, relationship length, and care recipient functional ability. Findings showed that positive perceived support from a spouse had a stronger negative association with one’s own depression for care recipients than for caregivers. Similarly, greater negative perceived support from a partner was associated with higher levels of depression; whether the partner was the caregiver or care recipient did not make a difference in this model. Although there are hundreds of caregiver interventions to address caregivers’ mental health, few have demonstrated improvement in care recipient outcomes. Observation of both actor and partner effects in this study suggests there may be opportunities to improve care recipient and caregiver mental health by targeting interventions to promote high quality relationships with caregivers or both members of the care dyad.
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Kong, Dexia, Peiyi Lu, Jean Woo, and Mack Shelley. "DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOM TRAJECTORIES AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION AMONG OLDER COUPLES: A DYADIC PERSPECTIVE." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.908.
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Abstract Despite the well-documented health interdependence in the spousal context, empirical evidence on how psychological wellbeing of one’s partner might affect one’s cognitive function remains limited. Using dyadic data, the objective of this study is to examine trajectories of depressive symptoms and associated cognitive function outcomes among U.S. older married couples. Longitudinal Health and Retirement Study data (2004-2016) were used (N=6,289 heterosexual couples). Latent class growth analysis characterized depressive symptom trajectories for wives and husbands, separately. Structural equation models examined the actor and partner effects of depressive symptom trajectories on cognitive function in 2016 after adjusting for covariates. Four distinct depressive symptom trajectories were identified, including persistently low (wives: 73.61%; husbands: 79.59%), increasing (wives: 8.60%; husbands: 8.27%), decreasing (wives: 12.80%; husbands: 8.32%), and persistently high (wives: 4.99%; husbands: 3.81%). Compared to the low trajectory, increasing and high depressive symptom trajectories were associated with poorer cognitive function for wives and husbands (β_(wife,increasing,actor)=-0.92,95%CI=-1.30,-0.54; β_(wife,high,actor)=-0.71,95%CI=-1.19,-0.23; β_(husband,increasing,actor)=-0.81,95%CI=-1.16,-0.45; β_(husband,high,actor)=-1.20,95%CI=-1.78,-0.63). Notable gender discrepancies in partner effects were observed. Specifically, wife’s depressive symptom trajectories were not associated with husband’s cognitive function (P>0.05). However, husband’s decreasing depressive symptom trajectory was linked to wife’s better cognitive function. One’s own depressive symptom trajectories predicts his/her own cognitive function. Specifically, older adults with increasing and persistently high depressive symptoms over time may experience poorer cognitive function, and thereby warrant additional policy and clinical attention. Psychosocial interventions targeting depressive symptoms among older men may be beneficial to their spouses’ cognitive function. Future studies need to validate such gender differences.
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Stokes, Jeffrey E., and Adrita Barooah. "Dyadic Loneliness and Changes to HbA1c Among Older US Couples: The Role of Marital Support as Stress Buffer." Journal of Aging and Health 33, no. 9 (April 13, 2021): 698–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08982643211006498.
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Objectives: Both experiencing loneliness and having a lonely partner can be psychosocial stressors, with implications for health. Yet, marital support may buffer against the cardiometabolic effects of loneliness. This study examines (1) whether own and/or partner’s loneliness predict changes in HbA1c over 4 years and (2) whether marital support moderates these effects. Methods: Actor–partner interdependence models analyzed data from 1,854 older couples who provided psychosocial and biomarker data at two timepoints (2008/2012 or 2010/2014) of the Health and Retirement Study. Results: Neither partner’s loneliness predicted changes in HbA1c overall. However, significant interactions indicated that both own baseline loneliness and partner’s baseline loneliness predicted significant increases to HbA1c over 4 years among those who reported below-average marital support. Discussion: Both the experience of loneliness and loneliness of a dyadic partner may have longitudinal consequences for cardiometabolic health. However, these effects are contingent upon perceived quality of the marriage, specifically marital support.
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Anikiej-Wiczenbach, Paulina, and Maria Kaźmierczak. "The Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Parenting of Infants: A Couples Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 24 (December 15, 2022): 16883. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416883.
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(1) Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to many negative changes in everyday functioning. This study aimed to establish how it impacts parental responsiveness towards their children; (2) Methods: 132 couples (N = 264) who were parents of young children (from 3 to 24 months; M = 12.61; SD = 6.71) participated in this study. The Parental Responsiveness Scale was used to measure parental responsiveness toward their own child and the Polish adaptation of the My Emotions Scale was used to measure emotional reactions to the child’s cry. We collected data about perceived stress, fear of being affected by COVID-19, and emotional overload caused by the pandemic. An analysis using actor–partner interdependence models was carried out; (3) Results: there were actor effects for both parental responsiveness and reactions to the child’s cry (for all measured aspects (frustration, amusement, anxiety, empathy, sympathy)). For women, parental responsiveness was a negative partner effect of stress, and for men, there was a positive effect of fear of being infected, emotional overload, and stress; (4) Conclusions: these results show how important it is to take care of families and investigate the effects of the pandemic on their functioning.
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Helgeson, Vicki S., Jeanean B. Naqvi, Howard Seltman, Abigail Kunz Vaughn, Mary Korytkowski, Leslie R. M. Hausmann, and Tiffany L. Gary-Webb. "Links of communal coping to relationship and psychological health in type 2 diabetes: actor–partner interdependence models involving role, sex, and race." Annals of Behavioral Medicine 54, no. 5 (November 26, 2019): 346–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/abm/kaz052.
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Abstract Background Communal coping is one person’s appraisal of a stressor as shared and collaboration with a partner to manage the problem. There is a burgeoning literature demonstrating the link of communal coping to good relationships and health among persons with chronic disease. Purpose We examined links of communal coping to relationship and psychological functioning among couples in which one person was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. We distinguished effects of own communal coping from partner communal coping on both patient and spouse relationship and psychological functioning, as well as whether communal coping effects were moderated by role (patient, spouse), sex (male, female), and race (White, Black). Methods Participants were 200 couples in which one person had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (46% Black, 45% female) within the last 5 years. Couples completed an in-person interview, participated in a discussion to address diabetes-related problems, and completed a postdiscussion questionnaire. Results Own communal coping and partner communal coping were related to good relationship and psychological functioning. Interactions with role, sex, and race suggested: (i) partner communal coping is more beneficial for patients than spouses; (ii) own communal coping is more beneficial for men, whereas partner communal coping is more beneficial for women; and (iii) White patients and Black spouses benefit more from own communal coping than Black patients and White spouses. Conclusion These findings demonstrate the benefits of communal coping across an array of self-report and observed indices, but suggest there are differential benefits across role, sex, and race.
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Cohen, Matthew J., Kimberly Z. Pentel, Sara E. Boeding, and Donald H. Baucom. "Postpartum Role Satisfaction in Couples: Associations With Individual and Relationship Well-Being." Journal of Family Issues 40, no. 9 (March 12, 2019): 1181–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x19835866.
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Although the postpartum period is typically considered a joyful time for new parents, this period calls for a reprioritization of daily responsibilities and tasks which may not necessarily align with the egalitarian split many couples envision. Dissatisfaction in this new role may negatively affect individual and couple well-being. This study examined the association between role satisfaction and postpartum distress symptoms or relationship adjustment from 73 opposite-sex couples 4- to 12-week postpartum. Both women and men reported a desire that men be more involved in household, child care, and family decision-making tasks. Actor–partner interdependence models examined the within-individual and cross-partner associations between role satisfaction and individual or couple well-being. As hypothesized, women’s role satisfaction positively predicted both partners’ relationship adjustment. These findings shed light on women’s role satisfaction as a potentially important factor underlying couple’s well-being postpartum.
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Schade, Hannah M., Johanna Drewelies, Gizem Hülür, Christiane A. Hoppmann, Nilam Ram, and Denis Gerstorf. "I Feel You, We Can Do This." GeroPsych 33, no. 3 (September 2020): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1662-9647/a000228.
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Abstract. We investigated whether similarity between partners in positive and negative affect is associated with the perception that one manages everyday life well together as a couple (dyadic mastery). To this end, we used data from 99 older couples (mean age = 75 years; mean length of relationship = 45 years) obtained 5 times a day over 7 consecutive days as participants went about their everyday lives. Analyses using actor-partner interdependence models revealed that higher (average and momentary) similarity in negative affect between partners, but not positive affect between partners, was associated with higher levels of dyadic mastery among both men and women. Our results point to the significance of emotional similarity between partners for smooth relationship functioning.
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Carlson, Daniel L., Amanda J. Miller, and Stephanie Rudd. "Division of Housework, Communication, and Couples’ Relationship Satisfaction." Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 6 (January 2020): 237802312092480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2378023120924805.
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The gendered division of housework is an important predictor of relationship satisfaction, but the mechanisms linking these variables remain poorly understood. Using data on N = 487 couples from the 2006 Marital and Relationship Survey, the authors examine the association of heterosexual partners’ communication quality with the division of housework and the role of partners’ communication quality in the association between the division of housework and relationship satisfaction. Results from instrumental variable models and Actor-Partner Interdependence Models indicate that the quality of women’s communication with their male partners predicts how couples divide housework. The quality of men’s communication with their female partners, however, appears to be an outcome of domestic arrangements. Men’s communication quality mediates the association between the division of housework and women’ relationship satisfaction, while women’s communication quality confounds the association for men.
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Curtis, David S., Norman B. Epstein, and Brandan Wheeler. "Relationship Satisfaction Mediates the Link Between Partner Aggression and Relationship Dissolution." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 32, no. 8 (July 11, 2016): 1187–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260515588524.
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Physically and psychologically aggressive behaviors between members of a couple often lead to relationship dissatisfaction and dissolution. The current study utilized data from 346 clinical couples to investigate associations between psychological and moderate physical aggression and relationship dissolution, and whether relationship satisfaction acts as a mediator of these associations. Results from two series of Actor–Partner Interdependence Models (APIMs) were considered in which cases of severe aggression were initially removed from the analytic sample and then were included for secondary analyses. The first series of models showed that dyadic physical aggression was a weak predictor of the male partner’s steps taken to leave the relationship and was not associated with the female’s steps. Dyadic psychological aggression, however, was related to steps taken toward leaving by both partners, accounting for approximately 14% of the variance. Relationship satisfaction mediated associations between physical and psychological partner aggression and steps taken to leave. Findings from the second series of models, including cases of severe aggression, showed a significant association between dyadic physical aggression and the female’s steps toward leaving. Moreover, relationship satisfaction no longer fully mediated associations between psychological or physical aggression and relationship dissolution risk. The importance of considering severity of physical partner aggression in research and clinical practice is discussed.
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Nestler, Steffen, Kevin J. Grimm, and Felix D. Schönbrodt. "The Social Consequences and Mechanisms of Personality: How to Analyse Longitudinal Data from Individual, Dyadic, Round–Robin and Network Designs." European Journal of Personality 29, no. 2 (March 2015): 272–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.1997.
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There is a growing interest among personality psychologists in the processes underlying the social consequences of personality. To adequately tackle this issue, complex designs and sophisticated mathematical models must be employed. In this article, we describe established and novel statistical approaches to examine social consequences of personality for individual, dyadic and group (round–robin and network) data. Our overview includes response surface analysis (RSA), autoregressive path models and latent growth curve models for individual data; actor–partner interdependence models and dyadic RSAs for dyadic data; and social relations and social network analysis for round–robin and network data. Altogether, our goal is to provide an overview of various analytical approaches, the situations in which each can be employed and a first impression about how to interpret their results. Three demo data sets and scripts show how to implement the approaches in R. Copyright © 2015 European Association of Personality Psychology