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Sayago, Barrantes Sergio. "Human-computer interaction with older people." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7560.
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L'envelliment de la població i la importància de les TIC a la societat actual han motivat la necessitat d'integrar més a les persones grans en la interacció persona-ordinador. La investigació actual es centra en factors individuals de l'envelliment i l'aproximació més generalitzada és dissenyar interfícies considerant les persones grans com a conjunt de factors. Aquesta tesi doctoral planteja un paradigma diferent: de factors a persones grans com a actors. En aquest paradigma, prestar atenció als canvis en capacitats funcionals no és l'únic que importa, cal que interacció i ús real estiguin més fortament relacionats. En aquest marc, aquesta tesi presenta els resultats d'un treball etnogràfic extens sobre el correu electrònic i la web. Mètodes quantitatius i mixtes s'han utilitzat en altres aspectes, que recolzen aquest estudi de camp. Altres capítols presenten contribucions metodològiques en avaluació en entorns reals. La tesi acaba proposant estratègies per a investigar amb persones grans com a actors socials, insistint en considerar l'experiència de vida de la gent gran i estudiar més l'ús i les interaccions en entorns reals combinant etnografia i treball més experimental.El envejecimiento de la población y la importancia de las TIC en la sociedad actual han motivado la necesidad de integrar más a las personas mayores en la interacción persona-ordenador. La investigación actual se centra en factores individuales del envejecimiento y la aproximación más generalizada es diseñar interfaces considerando a las personas mayores como un conjunto de factores. Esta tesis doctoral plantea un paradigma diferente: de factores a personas mayores como actores. En este paradigma, prestar atención a los cambios en capacidades funcionales no es lo único que importa, sino que interacción y uso real deberían estar más fuertemente relacionados. En este marco, esta tesis presenta los resultados de un trabajo etnográfico extenso sobre el correo electrónico y la web. Métodos cuantitativos y mixtos se han utilizado en otros aspectos, que apoyan este estudio de campo. Otros capítulos presentan contribuciones metodológicas en evaluación en entornos reales. La tesis acaba proponiendo estrategias para investigar con personas mayores como actores sociales, insistiendo en considerar la experiencia de vida de la gente mayor y estudiar más el uso y las interacciones en entornos reales combinando etnografía y trabajo más experimental.
Population ageing and the role of computers in current society have created a need to strengthen HCI with older people. The current paradigm considers them as a set of factors and central to it is compensation for age-related changes in functional abilities. This dissertation proposes a different paradigm: from factors towards interaction based on older people as social actors. Within this paradigm, compensating for diminishing abilities is not the cornerstone of research. Instead, interaction and real-life use should be closely intertwined. Against this framework, the thesis presents the results of an extensive ethnographic work on e-mail and web use. Quantitative and mixed methods are employed in other aspects related to use and interaction which complement this major study. Other chapters include methodological contributions to real-life evaluation. The dissertation discusses strategies for approaching HCI with older people. Central to them is the concept of life experience and the need to turn to everyday interactions by combining classical ethnography with experimentations.
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Sunardi, Mathias I. "Expressive Motion Synthesis for Robot Actors in Robot Theatre." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/720.
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Lately, personal and entertainment robotics are becoming more and more common. In this thesis, the application of entertainment robots in the context of a Robot Theatre is studied. Specifically, the thesis focuses on the synthesis of expressive movements or animations for the robot performers (Robot Actors). The novel paradigm emerged from computer animation is to represent the motion data as a set of signals. Thus, preprogrammed motion data can be quickly modified using common signal processing techniques such as multiresolution filtering and spectral analysis. However, manual adjustments of the filtering and spectral methods parameters, and good artistic skills are still required to obtain the desired expressions in the resulting animation. Music contains timing, timbre and rhythm information which humans can translate into affect, and express the affect through movement dynamics, such as in dancing. Music data is then assumed to contain affective information which can be expressed in the movements of a robot. In this thesis, music data is used as input signal to generate motion data (Dance) and to modify a sequence of pre-programmed motion data (Scenario) for a custom-made Lynxmotion robot and a KHR-1 robot, respectively. The music data in MIDI format is parsed for timing and melodic information, which are then mapped to joint angle values. Surveys were done to validate the usefulness and contribution of music signals to add expressiveness to the movements of a robot for the Robot Theatre application.
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Munro, Hugh Alasdair David. "When do community leaders make a difference? : exploring the interaction of actors and institutions." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2008. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/184/.
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There are an increasing number of opportunities for community leaders to be involved in governing processes. However, the community leader literature fails sufficiently to distinguish the interaction of structure and agency. The thesis establishes a theoretical approach which places community leaders as ‘situated agents’. The thesis establishes a ‘reading-acting-effect’ model to examine how the readings of actors are translated into action and how they interpret the difference this makes. Case studies of two neighbourhoods in Sheffield reveal the changing influence of the community and of the state upon community leaders’ behaviour. In the early stages of development community leaders concentrate on the substantive difference their actions have in their community. The state plays a more significant role as community leaders begin to operate in governance arenas, making compromises to access state resources. State actors play important roles as rule makers and interpreters that affect how community leaders behave. Community leaders face a central dilemma between: modifying their behaviour to work with the state thereby increasing their opportunities to receive funding; and the freedom of working at a distance from the state without such support. Conflict can arise between community leaders as they adopt different positions in relation to the state based on their distinct interpretations of this dilemma.
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McWilliams, Susan. "Status and demeanor : overcoming the legitimacy dilemmas of low status actors /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8911.
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Zabrovskaya, Evgenia, and Inesa Laur. "UNDRESSING INTERACTIONS: the effect of interactions on performance in multi-project settings." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12774.
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Contemporary companies work in complex environment comprising many simultaneous running projects, i.e. multi-project settings. To a large extend those projects are interdependent and are multi-professionally constituted of representatives from customers, suppliers, other business partners and researchers from academia. The success of projects, particularly in the multi-project setting, is dependent of the collaboration and interaction among those actors involved. The aim of this article is to explore the dynamics of interactions with external actors, such as customers, suppliers, other business partners and academia and investigate the effect of interactions on performance in multi-project settings. The methodology is based on a mixed-method approach, comprising a quantitative survey and a complementary case study. The quantitative survey questions are based on the extended literature study of project management interactions. The case study was selected in order to create a deeper understanding of the processes of interaction, barriers to interactions and the outcome in terms of project performance. The results show that interactions with external actors positively influence performance in terms of estimated quality, time, and cost, innovations and actor satisfaction.no
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Momal, Raphaëlle. "Network inference from incomplete abundance data Accounting for missing actors in interaction network inference from abundance data Tree‐based inference of species interaction networks from abundance data." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASM017.
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Les réseaux sont utilisés comme outils en microbiologie et en écologie pour représenter des relations entre espèces. Les modèles graphiques gaussiens sont le cadre mathématique dédié à l'inférence des réseaux de dépendances conditionnelles, qui permettent une séparation claires des effets directs et indirects. Cependant, les données observées sont souvent des comptages discrèts qui ne permettent pas l'utilisation de ce modèle. Cette thèse développe une méthodologie pour l'inférence de réseaux à partir de données d'abondance d'espèces. La méthode repose sur une exploration efficace et exhaustive de l'espace des arbres couvrants dans un espace latent des comptages observés, rendue possible par les propriétés algébriques de ces structures.Par ailleurs, il est probable que les comptages observés dépendent d'acteurs non mesurés (espèces ou covariable). Ce phénomène produit des arêtes supplémentaires dans le réseau marginal entre les espèces liées à l'acteur manquant dans le réseau complet, ce qui fausse la suite des analyses. Le second objectif de ce travail est de prendre en compte les acteurs manquants lors de l'inférence de réseau. Les paramètres du modèle proposé sont estimés par une approche variationnelle, qui fournit des éléments d'information pertinents à propos des données non observéesNetworks are tools used to represent species relationships in microbiology and ecology. Gaussian Graphical Models provide with a mathematical framework for the inference of conditional dependency networks, which allow for a clear separation of direct and indirect effects. However observed data are often discrete counts and the inference cannot be directly performed with this model. This work develops a methodology for network inference from species observed abundances. The method relies on specific algebraic properties of spanning tree structures to perform an efficient and complete exploration of the space of spanning trees. The inference takes place in a latent space of the observed counts.Then, observed abundances are likely to depend on unmeasured actors (e.g. species or covariate). This results in spurious edges in the marginal network between the species linked to the latter in the complete network, causing inaccurate further analysis. The second objective of this work is to account for missing actors during network inference. To do so we adopt a variational approach yielding valuable insights about the missing actors
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Engdahl, Ingrid. "Toddlers as social actors in the Swedish preschool." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Barn- och ungdomsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-52643.
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This thesis focuses on interaction among young toddlers during their second year of life in a Swedish preschool. The overall aim of this thesis was to explore interaction, communication and the creation of friendship between the young children during self initiated play activities. In addition, this thesis presents the background of Early Childhood Education in Sweden, which may serve as an extended context for the study. An ethnographic study was carried out in a toddler unit with 15 children. Six one year old girls and boys were in focus during the observations for nine months. Participatory methods, photos, fieldnotes and videorecordings, were used for the data collection. The theoretical framework for the study is built on phenomenology, the view of the child as a social person and a child oriented perspective. The overall findings support a theoretical perspective where the young toddlers are seen as social actors, with social competencies. Their play invitation strategies, as well as their play enactment and play-closing moves, were mostly found to be based on nonverbal communication such as movements, gestures, voice quality and facial expressions. The competencies of attunement, taking others’ perspectives and turn-taking were found in play among the young toddlers, and they also showed negotiating skills while playing. The findings also show how young toddlers make friends. During their second year of life, they monitor and pay attention to individual peers, displaying intentionality and agency by spontaneously greeting their peers, by offering play invitations, and by helping peers. Mutual awareness, joint attention, shared smiles, coordinated movements, as well as other types of synchronized actions are seen as parts of nonverbal elements in emerging friendship. The findings in this thesis support an understanding of young toddlers as social persons in the preschool, engaged in consistent interest and attention towards each other while playing.Avhandlingens fokus är hur små barn interagerar med varandra under sitt andra levnadsår i en svensk förskola. Det övergripande syftet var att undersöka interaktion, kommunikation och skapandet av vänskap mellan yngre toddlare under lekstunder då barnen hade möjligheter att ta egna initiativ. Lek betraktas som en rik arena för studier av toddlares samspel. Avhandlingen presenterar även svensk förskolas utveckling som en bakgrund som placerar in den enskilda förskolan i ett större sammanhang. En etnografisk studie genomfördes på en småbarnsavdelning med 15 barn i åldrarna ett till tre år. Sex ettåriga flickor och pojkar fokuserades särskilt genom observationer under nio månader. Deltagande observationer, fotografier, fältanteckningar och videoobservationer, användes för datainsamlingen. Teoretiskt vilar studien på fenomenologi, synen på barn som sociala personer och ett barnperspektiv. Resultaten stöder ett teoretiskt perspektiv där mycket små barn betraktas som sociala aktörer med social kompetens. Deras initiativ till lek, under lek och avslut av lek byggde framför allt på icke-verbal kommunikation, som exempelvis rörelse, gester, röstkvalitet och ansiktsuttryck. Barnen visade i sin lek förmåga till intoning, att ta andras perspektiv och turtagning samt att de förhandlade med varandra under lekens gång. Resultaten visar också hur yngre toddlare bygger vänskap. Ettåringarna uppmärksammar sina kamrater även som individer, exempelvis genom att spontant hälsa på dem, bjuda in till en särskild lek och genom att hjälpa varandra. I skapandet av vänskap använde barnen sig av icke-verbala handlingar i form av ömsesidig och gemensamt riktad uppmärksamhet, smittande leenden och koordinerade rörelser, vilka kan tolkas som intentionellt agerande. Sammanfattningsvis visar resultaten att små barn under sitt andra levnadsår kan betraktas som sociala personer som i leken i förskolan intresserar sig för och uppmärksammar varandra.
At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Accepted.
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Grossi, De Sa Maira. "Root-knot nematode effectors : key actors of parasitism : functional analysis and protein-protein interaction with host plants." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT133.
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Les nématodes à galles (RKN), Meloidogyne spp. sont des petits vers parasites qui infectent les racines des plantes où ils induisent la formation de sites nourriciers. Les RKN sont des endoparasites à large gamme d'hôtes, englobant les principales espèces de plantes cultivées. Meloidogyne javanica, M. graminicola et M. incognita sont les principales espèces parasitant le riz (Oryza sativa). Le succès infectieux des RKN repose sur la production de protéines effecteurs de virulence, secrétées dans leurs glandes oesophagiennes et libérées dans les cellules de la plante hôte par leur stylet. La caractéristique principale des RKN est leur capacité à déréguler des cellules du parenchyme vasculaire pour induire la formation de cellules géantes multinucléées, à haute activité métabolique. Les processus moléculaires sous-jacents restent encore mal connus, alors que l’identification d’effecteurs de virulence et de leurs cibles végétales pourrait fournir de nouvelles perspectives pour le contrôle des RKN. Ainsi, les objectifs de cette étude étaient (1) d’évaluer le rôle de protéines de Meloidogyne sécrétées (MSP) au cours des interactions riz - RKN et (2) d'identifier des cibles des MSP parmi les principales protéines Hub d’Arabidopsis thaliana impliquées dans l'immunité des plantes, afin d'évaluer la fonction putative des MSP dans les cellules hôtes. Pour la première partie de notre étude, nous avons sélectionné trois MSP exprimées dans les glandes oesophagiennes et possiblement sécrétées. L’analyse de l’expression des gènes par RT-qPCR a montré que MSP2 est fortement exprimé dans les premiers stades du cycle du nématode, tandis que MSP18 et MSP19 sont activés au cours du parasitisme dans les racines du riz. Les essais de localisation subcellulaire dans les cellules d'oignon ont identifié le noyau (pour MSP2) et le cytoplasme (pour MSP7 et MSP18) comme compartiments cellulaires ciblés par les protéines du nématode. Des plants de riz (O. sativa Nipponbare) transgéniques ont été produits pour évaluer le rôle des MSP au cours des interactions riz-RKN. Des lignées de riz surexprimant MSP18 ont permis un taux de reproduction plus élevé de M. javanica et M. graminicola. Au contraire, des retards de développement et de reproduction de M. javanica ont été observés sur des lignées de riz exprimant des micro-RNAs capables de supprimer l’expression des gènes MSP2 ou MSP19. Ces données ont montré que MSP2, MSP18 et MSP19 peuvent être des gènes importants pour le parasitisme ou le développement du nématode. Les tests d'expression transitoire dans le tabac (Nicotiana benthamiana) ont montré que MSP18 peut interférer avec la mort cellulaire programmée déclenchée par INF1, ce qui suggère que MSP18 pourrait supprimer les voies de défense des plantes pour faciliter l’infection. Dans une deuxième partie de ce travail, des analyses systématiques en double-hybride chez la levure ont été menées pour vérifier les interactions protéine-protéine entre 6 MSP et 18 protéines Hub d’A. thaliana. Chez la levure, la protéine du nématode MSP400 interagit avec trois protéines Hub, l’Anaphase-Promoting-complex 8 (At-APC8) et les facteurs de transcription At-TCP14 et At-TCP15. L'interaction physique de MSP400 avec At-APC8, un régulateur clé du cycle cellulaire de la plante, a été confirmée in planta par complémentation bimoléculaire de fluorescence (BiFC). Ces résultats démontrent pour la première fois qu'un effecteur de nématode est capable d'interagir directement avec une protéine régulatrice du cycle cellulaire chez la plante, révélant un nouveau mécanisme utilisé par les RKN pour commander la machinerie du cycle de la cellule hôte et induire ainsi la formation du site d'alimentation. Les données obtenues dans cette étude élargissent considérablement notre connaissance des acteurs moléculaires qui contribuent à la pathogénicité des nématodes, mettant en évidence les différents mécanismes exploités par les RKN pour promouvoir la sensibilité des plantesRoot-knot nematodes (RKN), Meloidogyne spp. are small parasitic worms that infect plant roots where they induce the formation of highly specialized nutrient feeding sites. RKN are endoparasites with a wide host range encompassing major plant crops, impairing effective specific control. Meloidogyne javanica, M. graminicola, and M. incognita are the principal RKN species responsible for rice (Oryza sativa) production losses. Successful plant infection is likely achieved by nematode effector proteins produced in their esophageal gland cells and released into the host plant cells through their stylet. In particular, one of the striking features of RKN is their ability to deregulate vascular parenchyma cells to induce the formation of multinucleated giant cells with a high metabolic activity in the roots. The molecular processes underlying plant-RKN interactions still remain poorly understood. Identification of nematode virulence effectors and their plant targets may provide new insights for developing control strategies towards RKN. Thus, the aims of this study were to (1) assess the role of Meloidogyne secreted proteins (MSP) in rice – RKN interactions and (2) identify MSP targets among the major Arabidopsis thaliana Hub proteins involved in plant immunity, to assess the putative MSP function into host cells. For the first part of our study, we selected three Meloidogyne-genus specific proteins expressed in esophageal glands and predicted to be secreted. Gene expression analysis by RT-qPCR showed that MSP2 is highly expressed in the early stages of the nematode cycle, while MSP18 and MSP19 are up-regulated during parasitism in rice roots. Subcellular localization assays in onion cells identified the nucleus (for MSP2) and cytoplasm (for MSP7 and MSP18) as the main cellular compartments targeted by nematode proteins. Transgenic rice (O. sativa Nipponbare) plants expressing the MSP cDNAs or artificial micro-RNAs (amiRNAs) able to silence MSP genes were used to assess the role of MSPs during rice-RKN interactions. Homozygous transgenic lines were inoculated with pre-parasitic juveniles (J2) and (i) the number and developmental stage of nematodes present in roots after 21 days, (ii) the number of egg masses laid after 28 days and, (iii) the number of next-generation hatched J2 after 45 days were assessed. Rice lines overexpressing MSP18 allowed a higher reproduction rate of M. javanica and M. graminicola. On the contrary, impaired M. javanica development and reproduction was observed in rice lines expressing amiRNAs against MSP2 or MSP19 genes. These data showed that MSP2, MSP18, and MSP19 genes might be important genes for nematode parasitism or development. Transient expression assays in tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) revealed that MSP18 interfered with the INF1-triggered programmed cell death, suggesting that MSP18 could suppress the plant defense pathways to facilitate nematode parasitism. In the second part of this work, systematic yeast-two-hybrid paired assays were conducted to check for protein-protein interactions between 6 MSP and 18 A. thaliana Hub proteins. In yeast, the nematode MSP400 protein interacts with three Hub proteins, the Anaphase-Promoting-Complex 8 (At-APC8) and the transcription factors At-TCP14 and At-TCP15. Physical interaction of MSP400 with At-APC8, a key plant cell cycle regulator, was confirmed in planta by bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays. These results demonstrated for the first time that a plant parasitic nematode effector is able to directly interact with a cell cycle regulatory protein, revealing a novel mechanism utilized by RKN to control the host cell cycle machinery and thereby induce feeding site formation. The data obtained in this study significantly broaden our knowledge of the molecular players contributing to nematode pathogenicity, highlighting the different mechanisms exploited by RKN to promote plant susceptibility
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Örtberg, Annika. "Ledarutvecklingens trender - Isomorfism eller innovation?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsstudier (SS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-45842.
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Leadership development trends - isomorphism or innovation? This study examines leadership development within organizations, including strategies, objectives and processes that help to shape the organizations leadership development. The study is based on nine in-depth interviews with planners/decision-makers in eight different organizations. A part of the study consists of a web based survey completed by managers/leaders, were the gathered results assist in providing further insight on the topic being studied. The interaction between different players and stakeholders, significant social changes as well as major challenges in the continued leadership development process are highlighted and analysed. The study's most important conclusion is that successful and innovative leadership development is based on constant curiosity, business intelligence, understanding of the individual employee’s needs, as well as and business goals whilst achieving this by constant interaction throughout the organization. The overall trend is that leadership development is being increasingly adapted and renewed. Knowledge, understanding, relationships and values are strengthened and that coaching, personal development and a capability for renewal are provided.
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Ngai, Erika, and Erika Egonsson. "Inter-Organizational Communication : A multiple case study within the Swedish cruise line industry." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-43959.
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Previous research has addressed the importance of IOC, where the outcome of a poor IOC between actors in a network will affect the information sharing and the inter-organizational relationship. The topic has been extensively researched, however researchers are still highlighting the need to further research. A literature review on the topic area generated an overview of the existing literature within the field. The literature review identified a research gap that founded the purpose of this study. The purpose is to reveal the actors within the industry and how the IOC is structured among three cruise line destinations in Sweden and in the network Cruise Baltic. The study was of a qualitative nature and was conducted through a multiple case study. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with three cruise line destinations and one cruise line industry network. The interview data reveals the IOC of the chosen industry and that the destinations have some barriers to overcome when it comes to achieving an effective IOC. Based on the conclusions of this study recommendations for managerial implications were formed. The findings of the research were able to support previous studies regarding IOC and its key variables. It was revealed that the destinations and the network execute an effective IOC to some extent. The destinations are considerable small in size, which has influenced the IOC to the other actors within the network.
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Thomas, Colleen B. "A comparative case study of hospital mergers in England and Ontario : dynamics of interaction between government agencies and other group actors." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.538612.
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Binjabi, Hayam. "Exploration of the impact of institutional factors on actors in the implementation of effective high performance work system." Thesis, Brunel University, 2014. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/13869.
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The current volume of research in the field of High Performance Work Systems (HPWS) is focused on identifying the factors, which influence their effectiveness. The realisation that there is a need to move forwards from the structural aspects of HPWS towards understanding their implementation has led to two new sectors of research. The first sector is investigating the role of actors in implementation using aspects such as cross functionality, shared responsibility and interaction. Another sector is investigating the impact of contextual factors on the implementation of HPWS. This research has combined the two sectors and looks at the implementation of HPWS from the perspectives of both the actors and the environment. This research investigates how the interaction between actors affects the implementation of HPWS. Also how internal and external institutional factors affect this interaction as well as the implementation. This research is qualitatively based on an interpretivist paradigm. Case study research design was used to conduct the research. Two Saudi Arabian banks were selected as case studies. Data was collected using 54 semi-structured interviews and 61 focus group interviews. Data about implementation and the impact of institutional factors was obtained through semi-structured interviews with human resource managers, line managers and senior managers. Data about employee outcomes was obtained using focus group interviews with the employees. This research finds evidence of conflict between the intended and actual outcomes of HPWS in the Saudi banking sector due to institutional pressures. This research contributes and extends the growing body of research on HPWS implementation by including the interaction of actors and accounting for institutional pressures. The finding highlights that the combination of these two factors are contextual institutional conductors and contribute to diversity in the implementation of HPWS practices. The managerial benefit of this research is that its model can help practitioners to improve their social interaction conditions for better performance.
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Goldberg, Michael. "The Sense of Agency: Underlying Neurocognitive Mechanisms and its Attribution to Human and Non-Human Co-Actors." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19116.
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Das Gefühl der Kontrolle über die eigenen körperlichen Handlungen, und dadurch über
die externe Umwelt ist einer der Grundpfeiler unserer menschlichen Existenz. Dieser
fundamentale Aspekt der Identität ist bekannt als ‘Sense of Agency’ (SoA). Innerhalb
der Neurowissenschaften begann die intensive Untersuchung dieses faszinierenden
Konzepts erst innerhalb der letzten zwei Jahrzehnte. Das vorliegende
Forschungsprojekt befasst sich mit zwei zentralen Aspekten des Sense of Agency. Zum
einen wurden die zwei zugrundeliegenden neurokognitiven Mechanismen ‘Vorhersage’ und ‘Retrospektive Inferenz’ untersucht. Zum anderen wurde die Zuschreibung von Agency bei weiteren Ko-Akteuren, mit denen eine gemeinsame Aufgabe bewältigt werden musste untersucht. Das durchgeführte Forschungsprojekt trägt somit zu einem tieferen Verständnis
menschlicher Agency auf individueller Ebene und im sozialen Kontext bei. Außerdem
liefert es Implikationen für die Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion und die Verbesserung
zukünftiger Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstellen.The seamless feeling of control over one’s own bodily actions, and through them, over the external environment is one of the cornerstones of our existence as human beings. This fundamental aspect of personal identity has been termed the sense of agency (SoA). It is only within the last two decades that this intriguing concept has begun to be intensively studied in the cognitive neurosciences. In the current research project we addressed two central aspects of the sense of agency. First, we investigated its underlying neurocognitive mechanisms: prediction and retrospective inference. Second, we looked into the attribution of agency to other co-actors when cooperating in a joint task. Overall, the current research project has made a step towards a better and deeper understanding of human agency in the individual as well as the social contexts. Additionally, the findings presented in this work inform the field of human-computerinteraction and contribute to the improvement of future interface designs.
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Gardner, Felix. "The actualities of Actual Play : A qualitative study on interaction within the netnographic landscape of Actual Play." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för etnologi, religionshistoria och genusvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-190574.
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This study’s purpose is to explore the online medium known as “Actual Play” through the perspective of both content creators, who work within the format as well as their audience who consume and interact with the content. This is a qualitative interview and observation study on the subject of Actual Play. The empirical material consists of four interviews with participants who are in one way or another involved with Actual Play content creation or distribution, an entire episode of an Actual Play series has also been analyzed to demonstrate the concept to readers unfamiliar with Actual Play and/or role-playing games. The questions this study has sought to answer regard what Actual Play is and looks like in practice and what the interactions between participants within Actual Play as well the interactions between these Actual Play creators and their audience looks like. The study’s findings show that the interaction between the different social actors within Actual Play is similar to that of improvisational theater. To maintain the trust between the participants, social contracts that employ safety tools are often used. The interaction between the Actual Play content creators and their audiences seems more personal than average, since they’re all able to inhabit and interact over the Internet. The audience also seems to enjoy that aspect of getting to know the Actual Play actors and/or creators on both a personal level and through their characters. Finally, Actual Plays main appeal appears to be based around being a way to share and engage with others around a shared interest.
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Asgari, Alireza. "Covid-19 pandemic, Swedish Crisis Management and The Shopping Needs of Home-quarantined : Measures taken by authorities, the interaction between State, Humanitarian Actors and Communities; and the Neo-liberal Paradigm." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446857.
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The focus of this research is upon the measures that Swedish Crisis Management System carried out during the Covid-19 pandemic toward the shopping needs (i.e., food/groceries, medicines) of home-quarantined individuals (those who should stay at home according to the authorities’ recommendations because they were either elderly or regardless their ages, were in risk groups or had symptoms of disease). The research identifies the immediate responsible authority concerning this need and examines how this actor behaved and what measures took to address the shopping needs of home-quarantined. The interaction between this responsible actor and other social parties (e.g., humanitarian actors/civil society, and/or Local Communities), explored to illustrate whether the responsible actor had carried out its immediate duty or not. The outcomes of various operations that different social actors performed are analyzed and compared. For assessing the Swedish Crisis Management System and the measures carried out during the Covid-19 pandemic, five case studies conducted; the action of the municipalities in four cities (Örebro, Staffanstorp, Uppsala and Umeå) and one Community Initiative in Örebro (named Coronahjälpen, which launched and operated via a Facebook group) examined and compared. Additionally, the pattern exercised in more than a hundred cities explored. The relationship/interaction between state agents (mainly municipalities) from one side and Civil Society organizations or Community Initiatives is illustrated by applying one practical categorization of the relationship between state and Civil Society and one politico-economic categorization. For the latter, the Neo-liberal paradigm applied for such an analysis toward the relationships. Based on the primary and secondary data and the discussion upon them, the failure or success of the Swedish Crisis Management System during the Covid-19 pandemic regarding shopping needs of home-quarantined individuals was examined. In the conclusion part of the paper, a recommendation for such a system is provided.
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Clivaz, Emmanuel. "Forms of protest and tactics : a strategic interaction on the effects of policing operations on tactical deployment operated by non-state actors in South Lebanon, Gaza Strip, West Bank, Israel, 1982-2011." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11377.
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This research focuses on assessing the effects of policing operations on tactical deployment operated by non-state actors. The theory advanced by this work, labelled SMORG theory, is first and foremost an attempt to move from fragmented to comprehensive knowledge. At the theoretical level, it provides policy makers and practitioners with a better understanding of policing instruments, and especially highlights the limits of coercion and deterrence when dealing with non-state actors. At the methodological level, it demonstrates how to scrutinise the protest space in its entirety, by providing an innovative set of tools to analyse the temporal and spatial distribution of forms of protests on diverse theaters. At the empirical level, it reveals the evolution of conventional, confrontational and violent forms protest in South Lebanon, Gaza Strip, West Bank, and Israel, during the period 1982 to 2011; it further precisely assesses the effects of policing operations on tactical deployment operated by non-state actors on the same theaters.
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Hanauer, Rodrigo. "Codesign: a interação projetual entre organizações e atores externos no processo de desenvolvimento de novos produtos." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2013. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/4341.
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O processo de desenvolvimento de novos produtos apresenta-se como uma prática cada vez mais colaborativa. A partir de um modelo de inovação aberta que reconhece o valor das ideias geradas fora dos seus limites, as empresas passam a inserir participantes externos em diversas etapas da cadeia de criação de valor. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é discutir a interação entre atores externos e organizações que ocorre especificamente na etapa de design do desenvolvimento de novos produtos, no processo denominado codesign. Para tanto, é desenvolvida uma pesquisa-ação no âmbito de um projeto de codesign entre uma empresa do setor calçadista, usuários dos seus produtos e outros atores externos, focando na atuação do designer e no seu papel de mediação nas interações projetuais. Os principais resultados obtidos são a discussão da geração coletiva de conhecimento em um processo de codesign realizado em âmbito organizacional, da identificação dos atores e de seus papeis, da função de plataformas on-line, do uso de ferramentas projetuais. Finalmente, a pesquisa aponta para a possibilidade do codesign assumir um valor estratégico para o desenvolvimento organizacional.
The process of new product development is presented as a more collaborative practice. From an open innovation model that recognizes the value of ideas generated outside its limits, companies come to insert external participants in various stages of the value creation chain. From this, our goal is to analyze the interaction between external actors and organizations that occurs specifically in the design stage of new product development, in a process called co-design. For this, is developed an action research that involves a co-design project between company, users of their products and other external participants, focusing into the involvement of the designer and its role in mediating project interactions. The main results are the discussion of the collective generation of knowledge in a co-design process performed in the organizational context, the identification of the actors and their roles, the role of online platforms, the use of projective tools. Finally, the research points to the possibility of co-design assuming a strategic value for organizational development.
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Karimi, Hossin. "Har etnisk bakgrund någon betydelse för tilliten bland svenska gymnasieelever? : - En jämförelse av gymnasieelever med etnisk svensk bakgrund OCH gymnasielever med invandrarbakgrund." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-91349.
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Social capital has been studied on the basis of comparative studies on whether ethnic bakground has significance for social capital. The study is conducted on the basis of a qualitative content analysis as a method with the application of theory consumption studay or hypothesis studay. The study is categorized into three dimensions as social interaction, association, involvement and municipal actors with several indicators. Socialt capital includes two primary theories by, Robert Putnam and Bo Rothsteins. Result shows that ethnicity is important for social capital because there are factors that positively affect an individual´s confidence. The study also shows that ethnicity has less significance for social capital because the individual´s high confidence depends on the efficiency of the actors who positively influence social capital.
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Lassi, Monica. "Facilitating collaboration : exploring a socio-technical approach to the design of a collaboratory for Library and Information Science." Doctoral thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-3695.
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The thesis explores the potential of one way of facilitating and stimulating collaboration in Library and Information Science (LIS), through a specific scientific collaboration activity: creating, sharing and reusing data collection instruments, such as interview guides, questionnaires, and observation protocols. The four studies reported in the thesis can be read as a linear narrative, each study building on the previous and contributing to the following ones. Together the four studies describe the process exploring social and contextual aspects of LIS; developing requirements and designing a working prototype collaboratory; and evaluating how the prototype collaboratory was perceived by LIS professionals. Overall, the results show that whereas the benefits of an LIS collaboratory reported by the study participants focused on the greater good for LIS, the challenges reported focused on the individuals’ perspectives. Hence, a tension exists between supporting the greater good, and challenges for individuals concerning sharing and reusing data collection instruments in an LIS collaboratory. The thesis emphasizes the implications for the LIS discipline when new ways of working with data collection instruments would be introduced; the implications of addressing needs of a diverse target audience; and the implications for further design iterations of an LIS collaboratory, including rewarding contributions, and ensuring quality content in a collaboratory.Academic dissertation for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Library and Information Science at the University of Gothenburg and the University of Borås to be publicly defended on Wednesday 11 June 2014 at 13.15 in lecture room E310, University of Borås, Allégatan 1, Borås
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Percastre, Mendizabal Salvador José. "Comunicación política electoral digital. Twitter y redes sociales digitales en campaña: el caso de las elecciones intermedias en México en el año 2015." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665046.
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Esta investigación versa sobre el estudio de los complejos procesos e interacciones que ocurren en fenómenos de comunicación política electoral digital en un sistema político democrático. Específicamente en campañas electorales en México a través de redes sociales digitales (social media) y particularmente en la red de microblogging Twitter. Parte de la hipótesis de que el estudio de la comunicación política en ecosistemas digitales (online) permite conocer si realmente existen nuevas formas de participación política en plataformas digitales de comunicación o si bien, se repiten antiguas lógicas de la comunicación política tradicional fuera de línea (off line).
Uno de los principales aportes de esta tesis al campo de estudio es el explicar el uso, la presencia y las interrelaciones discursivas de los tres tipos de actores clásicos de la comunicación política: mediáticos, políticos y ciudadanos (Wolton, 1989), pero, en el espacio de las redes sociales digitales, a través del análisis de un caso de estudio.This research deals with the study of the complex processes and interactions that occur in digital electoral political communication phenomena in a democratic political system. Specifically, in electoral campaigns in Mexico through digital social media and particularly in the microblogging network Twitter. Starting from the hypothesis that the study of political communication in digital ecosystems (online) allows to know if there are certainly new forms of political participation in digital communication platforms or if ancient logics of traditional political communication are repeated offline. One of the main contributions of this thesis to the field of study is to explain the use, presence and discursive interrelations of the three types of classical actors of the political communication: media, politicians and citizens (Wolton, 1989), but, in the space of digital social networks, through the analysis of a case study.
Aquesta investigació tracta sobre l'estudi dels complexos processos i interaccions que ocorren en fenòmens de comunicació política electoral digital en un sistema polític democràtic. Específicament en campanyes electorals a Mèxic a través de xarxes socials digitals (social media) i particularment a la xarxa de microblogging Twitter. Part de la hipòtesi que l'estudi de la comunicació política en ecosistemes digitals (online) permet conèixer si realment hi ha noves formes de participació política a les plataformes digitals de comunicació o si bé, es repeteixen antigues lògiques de la comunicació política tradicional fora de línia (off line). Una de les principals aportacions d'aquesta tesi al camp d'estudi és el explicar l'ús, la presència i les interrelacions discursives dels tres tipus d'actors clàssics de la comunicació política: mediàtics, polítics i ciutadans (Wolton, 1989), però, en l'espai de les xarxes socials digitals, a través de l'anàlisi d'un cas d'estudi.
Cette recherche porte sur l'étude des processus complexes et des interactions qui se produisent dans les phénomènes de communication politique électorale numérique dans un système politique démocratique. Plus précisément dans les campagnes électorales au Mexique à travers les réseaux sociaux numériques (social media) et en particulier dans le réseau de microblogging Twitter. Une partie de l'hypothèse selon laquelle l'étude de la communication politique dans les écosystèmes numériques (online) permet de savoir s'il existe de nouvelles formes de participation politique dans les plateformes de communication numérique ou si l'ancienne logique de communication politique traditionnelle se répète hors ligne (off line). L'une des principales contributions de cette thèse au domaine d'étude est d'expliquer l'utilisation, la présence et les interrelations discursives des trois types d'acteurs classiques de la communication politique: les médias, les politiques et les citoyens (Wolton, 1989). l'espace des réseaux sociaux numériques, à travers l'analyse d'une étude de cas.
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Barbu, Valentina. "Les actes de langage dans l'incipit de l'interaction didactique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10041.
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La présente recherche se propose, en dépassant la vieille querelle des tenants de la théorie « classique » des actes de langage (J. R. Searle et D. Vanderveken) et des analystes des interactions (« École de Genève » principalement), à la fois d’étudier le fonctionnement des actes de langage en interaction et de montrer qu’il est possible d’articuler ces deux positions en apparence divergentes. En fait, nous proposons un concept d’acte de langage qui reste dans l’esprit de la théorie searlienne, mais en ajoutant une perspective contextualiste (selon le modèle proposé par A. Trognon et Ch. Brassac) susceptible de rendre compte du fonctionnement de l’acte dans la dynamique discursive. Le but principal de cette démarche est ainsi d’apporter des données nouvelles à la description de ces unités. Un second but s’ajoute au premier : traiter ces unités dans une dimension comparative entre deux langues – le français et le roumain –, telles qu’elles sont utilisées par des locuteurs natifs. Le corpus est constitué d’interactions de classe enregistrées dans les deux systèmes d’enseignement mentionnés, et ensuite transcrites. L’analyse du fonctionnement et des réalisateurs des actes de langage dans un genre d’interaction verbale, permet de soutenir la nécessité d’une analyse contextualisée des actes de langage et, en outre, d’identifier des types d’actes de langage, des réalisations linguistiques de ces actes, des schémas interactionnels spécifiques d’un genre particulier de discours. La récurrence de ces types d’actes, réalisations préférentielles, schémas interactionnels, explique également la ritualisation de certaines séquences de l’activité didactique et, en particulier, de la séquence d’ouverture - l’incipit, sur lequel se focalise l’analyse dans cette thèse. Par ailleurs, l’approche contrastive met en évidence des différences quantitatives ainsi que des réalisations préférentielles manifestant des différences institutionnelles, attitudinales, idéologiquesThe main aim of the present research is, surpassing the old quarrel between the supporters of the classical theory of speech acts (J. R. Searle and D. Vanderveken) and those of the analysts of interaction/discourse (mainly « The Geneva School»)), both to study the functioning of speech acts in interaction and to show that these two, apparently divergent positions, may function together. Actually, we propose a concept of speech act in the line of Searle’s theory, adding, however, a contextualist perspective (according to the model proposed by A. Trognon and Ch. Brassac), which is likely to account for the functioning of the act in the discursive dynamics. The main aim of this endeavour is to provide new data for the description of these units. The second aim of this thesis is to treat these units comparatively, in two languages –French and Romanian-, such as they are used by native speakers. The corpus consists of class interactions, which were recorded in the two above-mentioned education systems and then, transcribed. The analysis of the functioning and of the patterns of realisation of speech acts in a specific type of verbal interaction has the advantage of supporting the necessity of a contextualized analysis of speech acts and, on the other hand, to identify types of speech acts, linguistic realisations of these acts, interactional schemas, which are specific to a particular discourse genre. The recurrence of these types of acts, of their preferential realizations and of the interactional schemas also explains the ritualization of several sequences of the didactic activity and, particularly, of the opening sequence- the incipit, which is the focus of the analysis of this thesis. Also, the contrastive approach emphasizes quantitative differences, as well as preferential realisations which indicate institutional, attitudinal and ideological differences
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Maas, Cornelius [Verfasser], Andreas [Gutachter] Pinkwart, and Stephan [Gutachter] Stubner. "Innovation actors : Intentions and interactions / Cornelius Maas ; Gutachter: Andreas Pinkwart, Stephan Stubner." Dresden : Sächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden (SLUB), 2019. http://d-nb.info/1195539665/34.
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Yokota, Kaeko. "Hostage taking : actions, interactions and outcomes." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422118.
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Tran, Quan Tu. "Visual summaries augmenting memory recall of repetitive actions." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37211.
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Throughout a typical day, people complete myriad tasks and activities such as locking the front door as they run errands around the neighborhood, preparing meals and drinks, taking care of family, pets, plants, and so on. In managing the progress of these everyday activities, people may nd themselves needing to recall what they have already done.
In this research, I explored how to design an unobtrusive memory aid that reduces the cost of distraction and general multitasking by fluidly supporting memory recall of repetitive actions. I built the Cook's Collage as one example system that captures close-range photographs of ingredient additions during everyday home cooking to display as an ongoing visual summary of the open-ended activity. I contribute this augmentative technology as a memory aid in contrast to more directive, obtrusive, and yet constrained systems that seek to remove human error through automation and scripted guidance.
I explored how to evaluate memory augmentation by simulating real-life situations of multitasking and interruptions that distracted cooks participating in my experimental study. From examining their behavior and attitudes with and without the
Cook's Collage, I demonstrated that 1) Visually summarizing activities by capturing items used within the activity in the same physical surroundings can provide sufficient context in recalling memory for actions, 2) User interaction with accurate memory support that complements and supplements rather than interferes with memory practices, activity constraints, and environmental surroundings can effectively augment memory recall, and 3) Barriers to using provided memory support can include unawareness of memory need and predilection to own memory ability and routine.
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KITANI, Tsuyoshi, Tsuneo AJISAKA, Shuichiro YAMAMOTO, and Noboru HATTORI. "Proposal for Requirement Validation Criteria and Method Based on Actor Interaction." Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/15016.
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Falasca, Kajsa. "Context matters. Interactions between news media, political actors and citizens in elections and crises." Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-25238.
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Geghamyan, Liana [Verfasser]. "Exercising Human Rights in Armenia : Interactions between governmental and non-state actors / Liana Geghamyan." Frankfurt a.M. : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1211316017/34.
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Jäckel, Jörg. "Effective actions for strongly interacting fermionic systems." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=968788351.
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Franinović, Karmen. "Amplifying actions : towards enactive sound design." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1496.
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Recently, artists and designers have begun to use digital technologies in order to stimulate bodily interaction, while scientists keep revealing new findings about sensorimotor contingencies, changing the way in which we understand human knowledge. However, implicit knowledge generated in artistic projects can become difficult to transfer and scientific research frequently remains isolated due to specific disciplinary languages and methodologies. By mutually enriching holistic creative approaches and highly specific scientific ways of working, this doctoral dissertation aims to set the foundation for Enactive Sound Design. It is focused on sound that engages sensorimotor experience that has been neglected within the existing design practices. The premise is that such a foundation can be best developed if grounded in transdisciplinary methods that bring together scientific and design approaches. The methodology adopted to achieve this goal is practice-based and supported by theoretical research and project analysis. Three different methodologies were formulated and evaluated during this doctoral study, based on a convergence of existing methods from design, psychology and human-computer interaction. First, a basic design approach was used to engage in a reflective creation process and to extend the existing work on interaction gestalt through hands-on activities. Second, psychophysical experiments were carried out and adapted to suit the needed shift from reception-based tests to a performance-based quantitative evaluation. Last, a set of participatory workshops were developed and conducted, within which the enactive sound exercises were iteratively tested through direct and participatory observation, questionnaires and interviews. A foundation for Enactive Sound Design developed in this dissertation includes novel methods that have been generated by extensive explorations into the fertile ground between basic design education, psychophysical experiments and participatory design. Combining creative practices with traditional task analysis further developed this basic design approach. The results were a number of abstract sonic artefacts conceptualised as the experimental apparatuses that can allow psychologists to study enactive sound experience. Furthermore, a collaboration between designers and scientists on a psychophysical study produced a new methodology for the evaluation of sensorimotor performance with tangible sound interfaces.These performance experiments have revealed that sonic feedback can support enactive learning. Finally, participatory workshops resulted in a number of novel methods focused on a holistic perspective fostered through a subjective experience of self-producing sound. They indicated the influence that such an approach may have on both artists and scientists in the future. The role of designer, as a scientific collaborator within psychological research and as a facilitator of participatory workshops, has been evaluated. Thus, this dissertation recommends a number of collaborative methods and strategies that can help designers to understand and reflectively create enactive sound objects. It is hoped that the examples of successful collaborations between designers and scientists presented in this thesis will encourage further projects and connections between different disciplines, with the final goal of creating a more engaging and a more aware sonic future.
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Fasshauer, Ingrid. "Les interactions entre contrôle et stratégie : redéfinition du rôle des cadres intermédiaires et du levier interactif de contrôle." Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00798234.
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Cette thèse étudie les relations entre contrôle et stratégie. Elle vise à enrichir le cadre théorique des quatre leviers du contrôle de Simons (1995) en s'intéressant aux interactions entre les acteurs de l'organisation, autour des dispositifs de contrôle, pour élaborer et mettre en œuvre la stratégie. Mobilisant le cadre théorique de la sociologie de l'acteur-réseau (ANT), ce travail, basé sur une étude de cas, met en évidence un double processus de traduction de la stratégie. D'une part, les dirigeants conçoivent les systèmes de contrôle pour intéresser les cadres intermédiaires à la stratégie globale, d'autre part les cadres intermédiaires utilisent ces mêmes systèmes pour intéresser la direction à leurs propres propositions de stratégie locale. Dans ce double processus de traduction, le levier interactif de contrôle, basé sur des interactions en face-à-face, joue un rôle central. La recherche permet d'identifier deux usages différents du levier interactif : un usage ouvert, permettant l'émergence de stratégie et un usage plus fermé permettant la mise en œuvre de stratégies délibérées. Cette mise en évidence de deux usages différents du levier interactif permet d'expliquer les contradictions apparentes des recherches mobilisant le cadre théorique de Simons et ouvre la voie à de futures recherches sur les liens entre contrôle et innovation
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Trimarchi, Michael. "International business relationships : a study of interactions between Mainland Chinese, Hong Kong Chinese, and Western actors /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16129.pdf.
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Patron-Perez, Alonso A. "Recognition of human actions and interactions in video sequences." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.533840.
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Laptev, Ivan. "Modeling and visual recognition of human actions and interactions." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris - ENS Paris, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01064540.
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This work addresses the problem of recognizing actions and interactions in realistic video settings such as movies and consumer videos. The first contribution of this thesis (Chapters 2 and 4) is concerned with new video representations for action recognition. We introduce local space-time descriptors and demonstrate their potential to classify and localize actions in complex settings while circumventing the difficult intermediate steps of person detection, tracking and human pose estimation. The material on bag-of-features action recognition in Chapter 2 is based on publications [L14, L22, L23] and is related to other work by the author [L6, L7, L8, L11, L12, L13, L16, L21]. The work on object and action localization in Chapter 4 is based on [L9, L10, L13, L15] and relates to [L1, L17, L19, L20]. The second contribution of this thesis is concerned with weakly-supervised action learning. Chap- ter 3 introduces methods for automatic annotation of action samples in video using readily-available video scripts. It addresses the ambiguity of action expressions in text and the uncertainty of tem- poral action localization provided by scripts. The material presented in Chapter 3 is based on publications [L4, L14, L18]. Finally Chapter 5 addresses interactions of people with objects and concerns modeling and recognition of object function. We exploit relations between objects and co-occurring human poses and demonstrate object recognition improvements using automatic pose estimation in challenging videos from YouTube. This part of the thesis is based on the publica- tion [L2] and relates to other work by the author [L3, L5].
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Chua, Winnie Wei Ling. "Interactions between force and timing control of repeated actions." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6286/.
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Variability is an inherent component in movement and provides an insight into control processes involved in producing motor responses. This thesis investigates the interactions between force and timing processes in the production of repetitive actions from an information processing perspective. Force-time interactions are examined in steady state sequences, sequences with step changes, and steady state sequences with a secondary visual search task as an attentional load. The account of control in normal healthy participants is then applied to describe behaviour of patients with cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs) in two case studies. Interaction was found to be present in variability measures and was quantified using cross-correlation analysis. Overall, results demonstrated that one locus of force-time interaction is at a cognitive level where motor responses are organised for execution. Corresponding changes in magnitude of dependence according to availability of attentional resources and task prioritisation supported this observation. Dependence patterns in patients with CVAs reflected loss of control when task difficulty increased. Finally, based on the findings, a conceptual model describing the interaction is proposed towards the development of a formal model for simulation studies.
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Maintz, Julia. "Blending spaces : actor-network interactions of an Internet-based e-learning course /." Berlin [u.a.] : Lit-Verl, 2009. http://d-nb.info/989831272/04.
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Maintz, Julia. "Blending spaces actor-network interactions of an Internet-based e-learning course." Berlin Münster Lit, 2006. http://d-nb.info/989831272/04.
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Dielmann, Alfred. "Automatic recognition of multiparty human interactions using dynamic Bayesian networks." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4022.
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Relating statistical machine learning approaches to the automatic analysis of multiparty communicative events, such as meetings, is an ambitious research area. We have investigated automatic meeting segmentation both in terms of “Meeting Actions” and “Dialogue Acts”. Dialogue acts model the discourse structure at a fine grained level highlighting individual speaker intentions. Group meeting actions describe the same process at a coarse level, highlighting interactions between different meeting participants and showing overall group intentions. A framework based on probabilistic graphical models such as dynamic Bayesian networks (DBNs) has been investigated for both tasks. Our first set of experiments is concerned with the segmentation and structuring of meetings (recorded using multiple cameras and microphones) into sequences of group meeting actions such as monologue, discussion and presentation. We outline four families of multimodal features based on speaker turns, lexical transcription, prosody, and visual motion that are extracted from the raw audio and video recordings. We relate these lowlevel multimodal features to complex group behaviours proposing a multistreammodelling framework based on dynamic Bayesian networks. Later experiments are concerned with the automatic recognition of Dialogue Acts (DAs) in multiparty conversational speech. We present a joint generative approach based on a switching DBN for DA recognition in which segmentation and classification of DAs are carried out in parallel. This approach models a set of features, related to lexical content and prosody, and incorporates a weighted interpolated factored language model. In conjunction with this joint generative model, we have also investigated the use of a discriminative approach, based on conditional random fields, to perform a reclassification of the segmented DAs. The DBN based approach yielded significant improvements when applied both to the meeting action and the dialogue act recognition task. On both tasks, the DBN framework provided an effective factorisation of the state-space and a flexible infrastructure able to integrate a heterogeneous set of resources such as continuous and discrete multimodal features, and statistical language models. Although our experiments have been principally targeted on multiparty meetings; features, models, and methodologies developed in this thesis can be employed for a wide range of applications. Moreover both group meeting actions and DAs offer valuable insights about the current conversational context providing valuable cues and features for several related research areas such as speaker addressing and focus of attention modelling, automatic speech recognition and understanding, topic and decision detection.
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Ranisio, Olivier. "Étude des interactions membrane/tensio-actifs : application à la séparation des tensio-actifs non-ioniques." Toulouse, INPT, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPT015G.
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Le degraissage chimique en phase aqueuse utilise des lessives alcalines ou acides contenant des tensio-actifs et divers additifs. Lors du nettoyage ces solutions se chargent progressivement en huile et perdent ainsi de leur efficacite au cours du temps. Pour un diametre de pore convenablement choisi, une membrane de microfiltration permet la regeneration des bains de degraissage en separant l'huile du bain par une filtration en continu. L'equilibre et l'efficacite du bain sont preservees et les volumes de rejet sont diminues. Lors de la filtration d'un bain de degraissage, la retention des molecules d'huile et la permeation du solvant provoquent un gradient de concentration des constituants du bain, en amont de la membrane, dependant des conditions operatoires. L'une des proprietes fondamentales des tensio-actifs etant la modification de leur structure en fonction de leur concentration et de leur temperature, le travail de recherche consiste a etudier l'influence des parametres de fonctionnement sur les performances et l'efficacite d'une membrane en carbone couramment utilisee lors de la regeneration des bains de degraissage. Cette membrane a ete precedemment caracterisee. Cette etude nous a permis de determiner une methode de separation des tensio-actifs non-ioniques et de proposer une methode d'optimisation du procede de regeneration de bain de degraissage.
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Singer, Jane Bess. "Newspaper journalists' actions and attitudes regarding interactive media /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1996. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9717184.
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Hoffmann, Gabriel M. "Autonomy for sensor-rich vehicles : interaction between sensing and control actions /." May be available electronically:, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
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Wang, Xiaojun. "Actors, cultures and development management : perceptions and interactions within an international collaboration project in education in China." Thesis, UCL Institute of Education (IOE), 2009. http://eprints.ioe.ac.uk/6451/.
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Moore, Darnell Janssen. "Vision-based recognition of actions using context." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16346.
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Semeraro, Enrico Federico. "Interactions effectives et dynamiques en systèmes actifs de colloïdes autopropulsés." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAV017/document.
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L’objectif de ce projet était l’étude systématique des interactions, de la microstructure et de la dynamique de suspensions de colloïdes qui imitent les mouvements de systèmes auto-propulsés (actifs), au moyen de techniques de diffusion : diffusion des rayons X aux (ultra) petits angles (USAXS/SAXS) et spectroscopie de corrélation de photons X (XPCS).À la différence des colloïdes passifs conventionnels (particules browniennes), les colloïdes actifs sont des systèmes hors équilibre faits d’objets auto-propulsés. Ces systèmes montrent une dynamique fascinante qui s’apparente aux mouvements de volée d'oiseaux, d’essaim d’insectes, etc.Les micro-organismes mobiles sont des exemples types de colloïdes actifs, notamment certaines variétés de bactéries, ou les colloïdes de type Janus caractérisé par une composition asymétrique de leur surface qui peux engendrer une propulsion, l’auto-diffusiophorèse. Les thèmes principaux de cette thèse sont les interactions inter-particule, les interactions particule-solvant et les dynamiques phorétiques des systèmes actifs.En premier lieu, la structure et la mobilité de la bactérie Escherichia coli ont été étudiées au moyen de SAXS/USAXS . Comme projet secondaire, l’obtention de données couvrant une très large gamme de vecteur de diffusion (q) a permis de dériver un modèle structural multi-échelle de la bactérie, en combinant les caractéristiques de colloïdes (corps cellulaire), de membranes (enveloppe cellulaire) et de polymères (flagelles). Ce modèle a été affiné au moyen de mesures complémentaires de diffusion de neutrons aux petits angles (SANS) sur des suspensions de la bactérie E. coli en variant le contraste externe (remplacement isotopique partielle du solvant) afin d’aboutir à une détermination quantitative de la densité électronique des membranes et des distances entre membranes.Ces bactéries ont ensuite été utilisées comme éléments actifs en mélange avec des colloïdes passifs de silice de taille sub-micrométrique, pour comprendre comment la présence de bactéries actives mobiles affecte les interactions effectives et la dynamique des colloïdes passifs. Des mesures USAXS et XPCS simultanées ont permis de déduire les propriétés statiques et hydrodynamiques de ces colloïdes passifs. Les données suggèrent que les bactéries actives se comportent comme un fluidifiant pour les colloïdes passifs, en réduisant leurs interactions attractives et en augmentant leur dynamique ; réciproquement, ces derniers sont affectés par la solution tampon et par la présence de bactéries augmente la viscosité environnante effective.Enfin, les mouvements phorétiques de colloïdes de silice et de type Janus (silice partiellement recouvert de nickel) suspendus dans un mélange de 3-methylpyridine (3MP) + eau/eau lourde pendant la séparation de phase liquide-liquide ont été investigués par USAXS et XPCS. Les mouvements des colloïdes sont fortement corrélés à la dynamique de la séparation de phase du fait de l’absorption préférentielle de 3MP à la surface de silice. Les colloïdes de silice montrent une dynamique advective avec une diffusion amélioré en direction des microdomaines riches en 3MP, évoquant la dynamique des systèmes auto-propulsés, jusqu’à l’aboutissement de la séparation de phase. Les suspensions de colloïdes de type Janus ont un comportement beaucoup plus complexe, la dynamique étant fortement corrélée aux interactions asymétriques avec le solvant. Cette dynamique est soit augmentée soit supprimée en fonction de la concentration en 3MP qui modifie aussi la micro-structure du système. Au lieu que les colloïdes de silice migrent vers la phase riche en 3MP, les colloïdes de type Janus agissent comme des tensioactifs en se plaçant à l’interface.Cette thèse démontre l’intérêt des techniques de diffusion pour explorer les propriétés des systèmes actifs et examiner leur comportement en thermodynamique hors équilibre afin de compléter les informations obtenues par observations microscopiqueThis project aimed to systematically investigate the interactions, microstructure and dynamics in suspensions of colloidal particles that mimic active motions, using (Ultra) Small- Angle X-ray Scattering (USAXS/SAXS) and X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (XPCS). As opposed to the conventional passive colloids (Brownian particles), active colloids are non-equilibrium systems consisting of self-propelled particles that display many fascinating dynamics, such as streaming, swarming, flocking, etc. in appropriate media. Practical examples of active systems are motile microorganisms, such as some species of bacteria, or synthetic Janus colloids – characterized by an asymmetric chemical composition of their surface – that can induce a propulsion mechanisms, like self-diffusiophoresis. The foci of this thesis are on interparticle interactions, particle-medium interactions and the phoretic dynamics in active systems.Firstly, the structure and motility of Escherichia coli bacteria were investigated by combined USAXS and SAXS methods. As an offshoot, the scattering data spanning a broad scattering vector (q)-range permitted the derivation of a multiscale structural model by combining colloidal (cell-body), membrane (cell-envelope) and polymer (flagella) features. This model was further refined by contrast-variation Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) measurements on E. coli suspensions at three match points and the full contrast which allowed the determination of the membrane electron-density and the inter-membrane distances on a quantitative scale.These bacteria were then used as active component in a mixture with micron-sized passive silica colloids, with the aim of investigating how the effective interactions and dynamics of passive colloids are affected by the presence and the motility of active E. coli. Both static and hydrodynamic information were obtained via the simultaneous use of USAXS and XPCS techniques. Data suggested active bacteria act as a fluidizing agent in such systems, reducing attractive interactions and enhancing the dynamics of passive colloids, which, at the same time, are affected by the buffer and more viscous environment due to the bacterial presence.Finally, the phoretic motions of micron-sized silica colloids and half-coated silica/nickel Janus colloids suspended in a mixture of 3-methylpyridine (3MP) and water/heavy water undergoing liquid-liquid phase separation were investigated using USAXS and XPCS. Due to the preferential wetting of 3MP on the silica surface, the motion of the colloids is strongly correlated to the dynamics of phase separation.Silica colloids displayed advective motion with enhanced diffusion toward the 3MP-rich phase reminiscent of self-propelled motion until the phase separation is completed. Suspensions of Janus colloids showed a much richer scenario, where colloid dynamics are strongly influenced by the asymmetric interactions with the solvent. The dynamics of Janus colloids were either enhanced or suppressed depending on the 3MP concentration, which, concurrently, affected the microstructure of the system. As opposed to the partitioning in 3MP-rich phase in the case of silica colloids, Janus particles behave like surfactants at the interface.The thesis demonstrates the ability of studying active systems by means of scattering methods and probe their behaviour in the thermodynamic limit and complement the information derived from direct microscopy observations
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Varma, Akhil. "Fluides actifs - Interactions et dynamiques collectives dans les suspensions phorétique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX109/document.
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La phorèse est un mécanisme physico-chimique par lequel certains colloïdes microscopiques dérivent à travers les gradients d'un champ de concentration de soluté dans un fluide. Ce mécanisme est exploité par des particules autophorétiques, ou colloïdes actifs chimiquement, pour auto-propulser. Ces particules influencent les mouvements de leurs voisines par le biais d'interactions chimiques et hydrodynamiques et sont donc étudiées pour leur comportement collectif. La modélisation de ces interactions a fait l'objet de recherches approfondies au cours des dernières années, à la fois d'un point de vue physique pour comprendre les mécanismes précis des interactions, et d'un point de vue expérimental pour expliquer les observations de la formation de structures cohérentes à grande échelle. Cependant, une modélisation exacte de ces suspensions actives est difficile en raison des interactions à grand nombre de particules. Jusqu'à présent, la plupart des modèles proposés reposent sur la superposition d'approximations de champ lointain pour les signatures chimiques et hydrodynamiques de chaque particule, qui ne sont valides que de manière asymptotique dans la limite de suspensions très diluées. Un cadre analytique systématique et unifié basé sur la méthode classique de réflexion (MoR) est développé ici pour les problèmes de Laplace et de Stokes afin d'obtenir les interactions entre particules phorétiques et les vitesses résultantes avec un ordre de précision arbitraire en terme du rapport du rayon et de la distance typique entre deux particules voisines.Un système comprenant uniquement des particules autophorétiques homogènes et isotropes chimiquement et géométriquement est ensuite considéré en détail. On sait que de telles particules isotropes ne peuvent se propulser seules; cependant, en présence d'autres particules identiques, la symétrie du champ de concentration est brisée et les particules forment spontanément des agrégats ou clusters denses. De manière remarquable, ceux-ci peuvent s'auto-propulser si leur arrangement est présente une asymétrie. Ce résultat identifie donc une nouvelle voie pour briser la symétrie du champ de concentration et ainsi générer un mouvement, qui ne repose pas sur une conception anisotrope des particules individuelles, mais sur les interactions collectives de particules actives identiques et homogènes. Un argument pour l'origine de ce comportement auto-propulsif des clusters, basé sur la MoR, est proposé. De plus, en utilisant des simulations numériques complètes combinées à un modèle théorique réduit, nous caractérisons les propriétés statistiques de l'autopropulsionDiffusiophoresis is a physico-chemical mechanism by which certain microscopic colloids drift through gradients of a solute concentration field in a fluid. This mechanism is exploited by autophoretic particles, which are chemically active synthetic colloids, to achieve self-propulsion. These particles influence each others' motion through chemical and hydrodynamic interactions and are hence known to exhibit collective behaviour. Modeling these interactions is a subject of intense research over the past decades, both from a physical perspective to understand the precise mechanisms of the interactions, as well as from an experimental point of view to explain the observations of formation of coherent large-scale structures. However, an exact modeling of is difficult due to multi-body interactions and surface effects. Most efforts so far rely on the superposition of far-field approximations for each particle's signature, which are only valid asymptotically in the dilute suspension limit. A systematic and unified analytical framework based on the classical Method of Reflections (MoR) is developed here for both Laplace and Stokes' problems to obtain the multi-body interactions and the resulting velocities of phoretic particles, up to any order of accuracy in the radius-to-distance ratio of the particles.A system comprising only of chemically- and geometrically-isotropic autophoretic particles is then considered in detail. It is known that such isotropic particles cannot self-propel in isolation; however, in the presence of other identical particles, the symmetry of the concentration field is broken and the particles spontaneously form close packed clusters. Remarkably, these clusters are observed to self-propel based on their geometric arrangement. This result thus identifies a new route to symmetry-breaking for the concentration field and to self-propulsion, that is not based on an anisotropic design, but on the collective interactions of identical and homogeneous active particles. An argument for origin of this self-propulsive behaviour of clusters is made based on MoR. Furthermore, using full numerical simulations and theoretical model for clustering, we characterize the statistical properties of self-propulsion of the system
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Fields, Robert E. "Analysis of erroneous actions in the design of critical systems." Thesis, University of York, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369304.
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Bhullar, Bhupinder. "c-Mos onco-protein actions and interactions in male germ cells." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0025/NQ49480.pdf.
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Hutchinson, Suzanne Mary. "Exploring cellular actions and interactions of SIRT1 that may counteract ageing." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3363.
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The NAD⁺-dependent class III histone deacetylase SIRT1 appears to increase healthspan in some model organisms. Details of how SIRT1 is regulated and affects specific systems linked to ageing are limited. Here we aimed to gather a body of data to be used to generate a mathematical model of the interactions between SIRT1, resveratrol, NAD⁺, Poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) and chaperone mediated autophagy (CMA). There is evidence that the dietary polyphenol resveratrol can increase healthspan and is believed to do this through activating SIRT1. PARP repairs DNA single-strand breaks and is also considered to be a modifier of ageing. Both SIRT1 and PARP consume NAD+, providing a point of interaction at the centre of cellular metabolism. Chaperone mediated autophagy (CMA) is reduced in ageing but evidence from our laboratory suggests the CMA regulator LAMP2 may be regulated by SIRT1, including by effects on DNA methylation at the LAMP2 promoter. Firstly, we observed that resveratrol increased SIRT1 mRNA, SIRT1 promoter activity and NAD⁺ in cultured cells (Caco-2). However, we also found that an increase in NAD⁺ reduced SIRT1 mRNA dramatically. Thus, interactions between SIRT1, resveratrol and NAD+ are complex. Secondly, SIRT1, PARP or NAD⁺ were each manipulated pharmaceutically or genetically and the response of the other two variables measured. Overall, the data suggested that SIRT1 and PARP have mutually inhibitory effects, which we hypothesise is driven by competition for NAD⁺. Next we developed and tested a functional assay based on a fluorescent substrate for CMA to measure activity directly. Preliminary findings indicated that reducing SIRT1 by siRNA decreased the activity of the pathway. Finally, LAMP2 mRNA expression was increased by the use of 5-aza-deoxycytidine to induce DNA hypomethylation, providing proof of principle that the gene is regulated by DNA methylation. Thus, the observed effect of SIRT1 on DNA methylation of the LAMP2 promoter may be the basis of its stimulatory effect on CMA. This body of work uncovers more information on the pleiotropic actions of SIRT1 relevant to modifying cellular ageing. The complexity of interactions with the other modifiers of ageing studied highlights the need for a system-level approach to data integration, and for further data to develop such a model, ultimately to identify target nodes for intervention to improve health-span.
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Alvarado, Adrian. "La Russie en Arctique occidental : strategies d'Etat et interactions des acteurs." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2109.
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Au cours de la première décennie du XXIe siècle l'Arctique a fait l’objet d’une attention croissante de la part des chercheurs, des politiciens et des multinationales. En effet, les problématiques liées au changement climatique, et le regain d’interêt politique et économique des Etats côtiers et non côtiers, a peu à peu fait apparaître cette région comme un endroit stratégique sur l'échiquier des grandes puissances. Depuis 2001, la Fédération de Russie a entrepris plusieurs actions afin de garantir ses intérêts nationaux dans ce qu'elle considère comme l’Arctique russe, un espace qui comprend environ 22600 kilomètres de littoral avec l'océan Arctique. Or, le changement climatique, les développements socio-économiques et les impératifs stratégiques ont conditionné cette politique pour l’Arctique. Les oblasts de Mourmansk et d’Arkhangelsk jouent, de nos jours, un rôle majeur dans la mise en œuvre de la stratégie russe pour la région arctique. Ce travail évaluera donc les défis majeurs de stratégie et de sécurité nationale russes en Arctique occidental au regard des récents changements du modèle politique et économique russe, du rôle émergent d'acteurs privés et étrangers ainsi que des spécificités des régions arctiques et sous-arctiques. Dans une première partie de notre travail nous essayerons de souligner l’importance stratégique et économique de l’Arctique Occidental pour la Fédération de Russie. Une approche historique nous permettra de mieux comprendre le rôle actuel des oblasts de Mourmansk et d’Arkhangelsk tandis que l’analyse de l’évolution démographique, industrielle et commerciale de ces régions nous fera apprécier son potentiel socio-économique. Enfin, une analyse de l’adaptation des industries énergétiques et du complexe militaro-industriel aux marchés internationaux sera entreprise ainsi qu’une évaluation des risques liés au changement climatique et à la pollution industrielle. Dans une deuxième partie, nous analyserons les principales problématiques rencontrés par les acteurs étatiques et privés en Arctique occidental. Afin d’identifier les principaux enjeux, nous avons transposé des théories des relations internationales à la géopolitique (Waltz, Keohane, Putnam). Tout particulièrement, nous utiliserons pour cette analyse les modèles conceptuels de Graham Allison et son approche sur les intérêts nationauxDuring the first decade of the XXIth century, the Arctic has received growing attention from scholars, policymakers and multinational corporations. Climate change as well as renewed political and economical interests from coastal and non-coastal States had repositioned this region as a prospective theater in the Great powers chessboard. Since 2001, the Russian Federation has taken several international and domestic actions to guarantee its national interest in what it considers as the Russian Arctic, a space that comprises about 22 600 kilometers of national coastline with the Arctic Ocean. But climate change, historical socio-economic developments and strategic imperatives have conditioned this engagement.The Murmansk and Arkhangelsk oblasts plays nowadays a leading role in the implementation of a cross-domain Russian strategy for the Arctic region. This dissertation will then assess the central challenges of Russian National Security and Strategy in the Occidental Arctic taking in consideration recent changes in the Russian Federation political and economical model, the emerging role of private and foreign actors and the specificity of Arctic and sub-Arctic regions.The first part of this dissertation will try to underline the past/current strategic and economical relevance of the Occidental Arctic for the Russian Federation. A historical approach will allow us to better understand the current role of Murmansk and Arkhangelsk oblasts while we will appreciate its socio-economic potential thanks to the analysis of demographic, industrial and commercial developments of these regions. Finally, a study on defense and energy industries adaptation to international markets will be conducted as well as a regional risk-assessment concerning climate change and industrial pollution.In a second part, our main objective is to demonstrate the strategic and economical importance of the Murmansk and Arkhangelsk oblasts for the Russian Arctic policy. This will lead us to analyse core issues in the Occidental Arctic for state and industry actors. The methodology applied to identify the main trends in these issues is a combination of the French school of geopolitics with relevant theories of international relations (Waltz, Keohane, Putnam). Graham Allison’s conceptual models and his approach on national interests will be applied in the analysis
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Ford, Vanessa Anne. "Surviving The Virtual: Crafting A New Form Of Theater For The Digital Age." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193282.
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This thesis proposes a new genre of theater that combines participatory and interactive narratives with virtual reality technologies and traditional theatrical elements to create a form that is capable of responding to the growing desire for interactive entertainment mediums. A series of participatory narrative events, including traditional theater productions, interactive narrative/drama and role-playing games, are analyzed for their potentialities and limitations. These elements are then used to respond to scholarly writings concerning the problems of participatory narrative forms. From this analysis conclusions are drawn about the necessary elements needed to create this new genre of theater, termed interactive virtual theater, or IVT. The elements are then synthesized into a hypothetical picture of what the IVT of the future might look like.
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Ismail, Tief. "Traduction et analyse interactionnelle de dialogues cinématographiques en français : problématique des sous-titres en arabe." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20010.
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Cette recherche aborde le dialogue du cinéma. Elle propose une description de quelques interactions verbales couramment présentes dans les échanges quotidiens à travers une analyse d’un corpus cinématographique composé de comédies récentes (Amélie Poulain, Quatre étoiles, la Doublure, Ah ! si j’étais riche, Moi, César…). Les résultats de cette étude fondamentalement descriptive, intéressent [a] le domaine de la relation entre la description des interactions et la didactique du français et de l’arabe langues étrangères ou langues secondes, et [b] la problématique de la traduction des sous-titres cinématographiques, qui constitue la partie la plus importante de son apport. Cette étude cherche, [a] d’un point de vue de didactique des langues, à dégager des interactions pouvant contribuer à enrichir les fonctions du niveau B2 du Cadre européen commun de référence pour les langues. Le travail se fonde sur l’analyse de certains actes de langage rituels et fonctionnels : salutations, remerciements, excuses, demande, offre et proposition. Les différentes réalisations linguistiques de ces actes forment un inventaire susceptible d’enrichir le référentiel du français langue étrangère ainsi que celui de l’arabe langue étrangère à travers la traduction du dialogue français (les sous-titres). [b] Concernant la problématique traductionnelle, l’analyse des interactions observées (dialogues français transcrits par nous et sous-titres en arabe) font apparaître des liens entre la traduction et la culture, ainsi que des problèmes spécifiques liés aux contraintes de la traduction audiovisuelle et particulièrement au sous-titrage. Les extraits analysés dans la thèse sont repris dans les annexes, avec traduction, rétro-traduction et, au besoin, des notes explicatives, afin d’offrir la possibilité d’une lecture libre d’une partie du corpusThis research is based on cinema dialogs. It offers a description of aspects of verbal interactions currently found in everyday life situations through a cinematograph corpus (recent French comedies : Amélie Poulain, Quatre étoiles, la Doublure, Ah ! si j’étais riche, Moi, César…). The results of this essentially descriptive study should be of interest for: [a] relations between the description of verbal interactions and the teaching/learning of French and Arabic as foreign or second languages, and [b] issues related to the translation of cinema subtitles, which are in fact the essential part of this study. The latter seeks to identify [a] in the context of the teaching/learning of foreign languages, interactions that help enrich the French B2 level (with reference to the Common European Reference Framework for Languages). The approach illustrates some pragmatic functions in the B2 level, and is based on the analysis of some speech acts (ritual and functional) including greetings, thanks, apologies, requests, offers and proposals. The different linguistic realisations of these acts propose an inventory aiming at enriching the Referential Framework for French and Arabic as foreign or second languages. Arabic is seen through the translation of subtitles. [b] With regards to translation issues, the analysis of the verbal interaction observed in the above mentioned cinema corpus (French dialogs transcribed by us and Arabic subtitles) bring forth some relations between translation and culture, in addition to problems which are specific to the constraints of audiovisual translation, with special reference to subtitling. Excerpts analysed in the dissertation are reproduced in the Annexes, with their translation, a retro-translation, and, when needed, explanatory notes, in order to offer a free reading of parts of our corpus