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Bintoro, Bambang Purwoko Kusumo, Togar Mangihut Simatupang, Utomo Sarjono Putro, and Pri Hermawan. "Actors’ interaction in the ERP implementation literature." Business Process Management Journal 21, no. 2 (April 7, 2015): 222–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-11-2013-0142.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the existence of studies, by exploring the current literatures, on interaction among actors in Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) implementation. Design/methodology/approach – A new classification framework is offered, along with the two dimensions of ERP implementation: determinants and outcomes, to provide four types of research classes. Hundreds of articles were searched by using keywords from journal data bases. The selected articles were grouped based on the new classification of ERP implementation, followed by an in-depth analysis by using the Context, Intervention, Mechanism, Outcomes logic and the system of systems methodologies (SOSM) framework. Findings – The interactions among actors in ERP implementation have been overlooked, although there is almost always disagreements, misperceptions, and conflicts. Managing the interactions among actors is considered important because common failures in ERP implementation are often caused by mismanaged interactions among the key actors. Unfortunately, the existing research has so far shown a small effort to study how the actors’ interactions are managed. Research limitations/implications – One key limitation of this research is that the number of actor-related articles is lesser than the factor-related articles. Further research should be conducted to explain how to manage the interactions among the actors in each stage of ERP implementation. Practical implications – A guidance to prepare the entire organization prior to the ERP implementation to seriously consider the typical conflict among actors on each stage of ERP implementation and its causal factors and how to resolve them. Social implications – The importance of understanding typical conflict among actors, its causal factors, and how to resolve them can be extended to other projects or social phenomenon. Originality/value – This proposed framework is new to the ERP literature and serves to identify and expand further research on actors’ interactions to improve the success of ERP implementation. This is the first research to identify the interactions among actors in ERP implementation by using a clearly structured methodological approach, which is conducted by critically reviewing the ERP implementation literature.
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Jobbagy, Zoltan, Goran Boros, and Levente Sandor Kovats. "Some Remarks on the Dynamics of Strong Actor / Weak Actor Interaction." Land Forces Academy Review 26, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 108–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/raft-2021-0016.
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Abstract The emergence of weak actors on global scale is one among the many undesired consequences of the post Cold War period. In a globalized world, weak actors increasingly possess the capability and will to challenge the existing status quo set earlier by strong actors. The complexity of the international theatre provides weak actors with an abundance of opportunities to become successful over a long period. From a military point of view strong actor / weak actor interaction becomes manifest when the latter prosecutes a special type of war. This war is asymmetric, irregular and of low intensity. It poses a significant challenge to the strong actor and can bog him down into confusing and ambiguous military actions. In these actions the strong actor often finds himself in messy situations he can mostly master by improvisation. To better understand the strong actor / weak actor interaction and the resulting special type of war the authors suggest to reject the classical theorizing of war and advocate a different sort of thinking instead.
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de Zeeuw, Gerard. "Interaction of actors theory." Kybernetes 30, no. 7/8 (October 2001): 971–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03684920110396864.
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Johnson, Rutherford. "An Economic Multipoint Gravitational Model Expression Of A Transactional Analysis Game: An Application To Recreational Private Land Use Decisions." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 33, no. 4 (June 30, 2017): 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v33i4.10000.
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The outcome of interactions between various economic actors has a decided subconscious component. Transactional analysis (TA), which was developed in the late 1950s, provides a cognitive theory about the way that human beings interact with each other on a subconscious level that can be applied to investigation of economic decision making. TA, founded by physician Eric Berne, explains a number of potential human interactions, or social transactions, by framing them as subconscious games. Individual economic actors in markets interact with each other. Those interactions may be influenced at least somewhat by subconscious cognitive processes and TA games. Additionally, because individuals gain experience through each interaction, there may reasonably be expected to exist an historical component in which the subconscious response of economic actors to others in the market and to the subconscious games of others in the market may change over time based on their experiences in prior games. As an extension, an individual’s subconscious response to other economic actors may in part be based on the influence of information, either conveyed through games or via other sources. This study investigates decision strategy in the context of marketplace interaction in which outcomes are influenced by subconscious social transaction games played between individuals. The decision by land owners of whether or not to open private land to outside parties for recreational use is considered as an example. Because interaction necessarily involves some form of influence, the interaction and decision strategy are modeled mathematically by an economic multipoint gravitational model in which each actor both influences all other actors and is influenced by them.
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Anwar, Khairul. "Dinamika Politik Penguatan Kebijakan Sawit di Riau Pasca Reformasi." Dinamika Lingkungan Indonesia 9, no. 2 (July 31, 2022): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/dli.9.2.p.80-89.
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This article aims to find the dynamics of actor interaction in strengthening oil palm policies with examples of cases of oil palm policy in Riau. The background is the phenomenon of the broader spectrum of conflict in Riau early in the reformation. How will the interaction pattern of actors related to oil palm policy issues take place in post-reform Riau? The theory used by the local political economy and the method used determine; (1) Actor's political preferences; (2) Actor's tips and strategies; and (3) How do actors organize themselves into coalitions? This study found that since the OTDA policy was implemented in Riau, the dynamics of national politics changed, from a central style to a decentralized one. This change in political context resulted in mixed responses from local actors in Riau. Local actors are becoming more critical because of the law on the use of natural resources. The activities of these different actors produce different reactions to implementing policies in the plantation sector. The response of these elites could be a result of different positions. Since the reformation, the intensity and spectrum of political dynamics have increased and expanded and its disclosure in public debate has become more assertive. It is a fact that the nature of local politics is considered in strengthening the policy on palm oil management in Riau.
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Guercini, Simone, and Andrea Runfola. "Actors’ roles in interaction and innovation in local systems: a conceptual taxonomy." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 30, no. 3/4 (May 1, 2015): 269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-12-2012-0256.
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Purpose – This paper aims to study the role of the focal firm in local communities. In particular, it aims at analyzing such firms’ contribution to innovation, proposing a classification of the interactions and role systems that contribute to determining the innovational impact of focal firms. Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents a concept-based study. The paper starts with a review of the literature to frame the concepts of local network and focal firm. Two key concepts, related to that of interaction, are then discussed: teaching and learning. Findings – The paper proposes a taxonomy of the interactions and the roles systems that the focal firm can establish. The status of focal actor for innovation in a network stems, not from an “a priori” central strategic role on which the actor builds its interactions, but “a posteriori”, from the actor’s previously recognized roles in interactions on which network innovation is based. The local system may or may not be present in the interaction set of the business network. The interactions and roles systems define the type of local system. Research limitations/implications – Research implications regard three main aspects: the different roles in the interactions; the types of actors in the local system; and the types of local systems involved in the processes of innovation. Originality/value – The paper furnishes an original interpretation by focusing on focal firms as leaders in the innovation process, in the attempt to reconcile the “macro” perspective of local systems with the “micro” perspective of the individual firm.
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Corsaro, Daniela, and Chiara Cantù. "Actors’ heterogeneity and the context of interaction in affecting innovation networks." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 30, no. 3/4 (May 1, 2015): 246–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-12-2014-0249.
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Purpose – The aim of this paper is to explore the role of actors’ heterogeneity and the context of interaction on collective innovation. Design/methodology/approach – By using the six sources of heterogeneity identified by Corsaro et al. (2012) – goals, competences and skills, knowledge bases, power/position, perceptions and cultures – the authors describe the cases of two consecutive projects – ESASIM and NeWTeC – developed within Kilometro Rosso Science Park. The collaborative innovative outcome (simulation software) developed in the first phase was subsequently applied by each actor in its specific context. At the macro level, the authors define the processes that describe the role of actors’ heterogeneity in both the contexts of innovation development and application; at the micro level, the authors shed some light on the role of the single actor acting simultaneously as a provider and as a user with respect to different contexts. Findings – In this paper, the processes through which actors’ heterogeneity and the context of interaction influence the development of innovation (collective/macro-network level) and contribute a better understanding of collective innovation from a perspective that involves each individual actor (single-actor/micro level) are determined. These two phases are labeled in terms of “decontextualizing” and “recontextualizing”, through which it will be recognized how the process of innovation depends on the social context and by the business activities that take place between the organizations. In the paper, term actor is used to refer to organizations taking part in the innovation networks as represented by their key referents. Research limitations/implications – Further research on this topic could explore not only the single sources of actors’ heterogeneity but also patterns of them and their effects in the different contexts. In addition, looking at the micro level, it would be interesting to understand if, in certain specific phases of innovation development and implementation, one of the roles – provider or user – prevails over the other and which effects it generates. Practical implications – This case study has important managerial implications. First, by better understanding the role of actors in innovation networks, companies could improve their networking strategies and, consequently, increase the likelihood of their solutions satisfying the needs of the different stakeholders. Second, the management of actors’ heterogeneity seems strictly related to communication practices. As a result, it would be interesting to develop communication training programs addressing companies located in science parks, built around the profiles of the actors’ features, characterizing a certain project and envisioning potential contexts for the development and application of the project outcome. Due to the variety of actors involved and the changing nature of the contexts in which they operate, standardizing communication practices could, in fact, be less effective. Finally, we also see implications for the management company of the science and technology park, which should think in a more comprehensive way about the different sources of actors’ heterogeneity and their potential consequences once they build interorganizational collaborations and thus interdisciplinary teams. Social implications – Using the Intellimech case, the role of actors’ heterogeneity and the context interaction in innovation networks, with respect to two different levels of analysis, is explored. On the collective-macro level, the set of actors in the network was considered; on the micro level, each single business actor as part of the wider network is concentrated upon. Originality/value – This paper positions in this debate and, in particular, attempts to understand if and how actors’ heterogeneity and the context of interaction influence innovation networks. In effect, while the literature includes sporadic references to the role of the two elements, they have not yet been jointly considered. To reach this goal, two levels of analysis were adopted: a macro network level considering the set of business actors collectively and a micro level looking at the single actor as part of the wider network. Empirically, this paper will describe the case of two projects developed within Intellimech, an innovation network located at Kilometro Rosso Science Park, an aggregation node of relationships and connections around innovation purposes.
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Leszczyński, Grzegorz, Tibor Mandjak, Tihamér Margitay, and Marek Zieliński. "The business paradigm: explanation for patterns of business interactions." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 37, no. 4 (October 11, 2021): 723–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-05-2019-0207.
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Purpose This paper aims to introduce the concept of business paradigm to conceptualize and explain differences in business interaction patterns in the IMP research. Design/methodology/approach The concept of the interaction and the concepts related to and driven from it describe the business at both a general level. At the same time, the IMP points out the uniqueness of business interactions. This paper addresses the specific lies between the general and the particular by referring to various patterns of interactions. To close that gap, this paper implies the Kuhnian philosophy of science to conceptualize the business paradigm. Findings The business paradigm is a socially constructed collective term. It simultaneously captures the cognitive (what business is and what rules it has) and social (business community) dimensions of the actor’s behavior and actions. It has two interdependent dimensions: cognitive and social. It determines how the actors view and do business, and it explains the variations of interactions. Research limitations/implications Not applicable as it is a conceptual paper. Practical implications Not applicable as it is a conceptual paper. Social implications Not applicable as it is a conceptual paper. Originality/value The concept of the business paradigm is a theoretical extension of the IMP actor’s theory. The dimensions of the business paradigm capture the psychological and sociological characteristics of the business actor. The business paradigm application provides an opportunity to find that business can be different because actors in various communities have various views on what business is and how it should be properly run. Adding the business paradigm concept to the IMP theory implies strengthening the theory explanation power because the interaction explains the business’s general characteristics. The business relationship explains the business’s unique features, and the business paradigm explains the various interaction patterns.
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Sun, Dawei. "Study on the Relationship between Actors' Personal Style and Characterisation." Journal of Education and Educational Research 6, no. 2 (December 10, 2023): 158–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/jeer.v6i2.14982.
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This study focuses on the relationship between actors' personal style and characterisation. Firstly, the background, purpose and significance of the study are introduced. Secondly, the influence of actors' personal style on characterisation is explored, including the concept and characteristics of actors' personal style, and the relationship between actors' personal style and character selection and performance. Then, the shaping of actors' personal style by characterisation is explored, including the concept and methods of characterisation, as well as the influence and development of characterisation on actors' personal style. Finally, the interaction between actors' personal style and characterisation is investigated, including the interaction effect, analysis of common characteristics and exploration of optimisation strategies. Finally, it is concluded that there is a close relationship between actors' personal style and characterisation. Actor's personal style has an influence on characterisation, while characterisation can also adjust and develop actor's personal style. Through the study of actors' personal style and characterisation, we can better understand the art of actors' performance, optimise actors' performance style, and improve the quality and viewability of performance. This study is of great theoretical and practical significance for a deeper understanding of the relationship between actors' personal style and characterisation.
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Aisyah Mujahida Ahmad, Andi, Sukri, and Haryanto . "Relasi Aktor dalam Kebijakan Halal Tourism di Kabupaten Maros." Jurnal Politik Profetik 11, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 227–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24252/profetik.v11i2a6.
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This article aims to describe the relationship between actors to find the political aspects of halal tourism policies that are a trend in local government policies in Indonesia today. This article uses the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) approach to analyze the position of each policy actor in the formulation of policies on halal tourism in the Maros Regency. The research method uses descriptive qualitative analysis by describing the relationship of policy actors both formally and informally in the formulation of the Draft Regional Regulation on Halal Tourism in the Maros Regency and seeing the interactions that influence the policy process. The results showed that the actors involved in halal tourism policy were divided into two groups: state actors and non-state actors. These policy actors interact with each other, involving different interests. However, the tendency that occurs leads to dependence on state actors. The interaction of these actors results in a coalition of pros and cons, which could weaken the implementation of halal tourism policies. This article contributes to expanding insights in the study of interactions between policy actors involving different interests in halal tourism policy in Indonesia.
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Kabir, Muhammad Ashad, Jun Han, Alan Colman, and Jian Yu. "Social Context as a Service: Managing Adaptation in Collaborative Pervasive Applications." International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 24, no. 01 (March 2015): 1540001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843015400018.
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We present a social context as a service (SCaaS) platform for managing adaptations in collaborative pervasive applications that support interactions among a dynamic group of actors such as users, stakeholders, infrastructure services, businesses and so on. Such interactions are based on predefined agreements and constraints that characterize the relationships between the actors and are modeled with the notion of social context. In complex and changing environments, such interaction relationships, and thus social contexts, are also subject to change. In existing approaches, the relationships among actors are not modeled explicitly, and instead are often hard-coded into the application. Furthermore, these approaches do not provide adequate adaptation support for such relationships as the changes occur in user requirements and environments. In our approach, inter-actor relationships in an application are modeled explicitly using social contexts, and their execution environment is generated and adaptations are managed by the SCaaS platform. The key features of our approach include externalization of the interaction relationships from the applications, representation and modeling of such relationships from the domain and actor perspectives, their implementation using a service oriented paradigm, and support for their runtime adaptation. We quantify the platform's adaptation overhead and demonstrate its feasibility and applicability by developing a telematics application that supports cooperative convoy.
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Anggraeny, Intan Intan, Mas Roro Lilik Ekowanti, and M. Husni Tamrin. "Interaction of Policy Actors in Online Learning Implementation." Journal of Governance and Public Policy 8, no. 3 (September 4, 2021): PROGRESS. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jgpp.v8i3.11715.
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This study aims to explain and describe the interaction of policy actors in the implementation of online learning. This study uses a qualitative research method with a descriptive case study approach. Data collection techniques in this study are through observation, documentation, and interviews. The instruments in this study were: a) the researcher himself, b) interview guidelines, c) supporting tools in the form of books, pens, and d) related documents. The results showed that actor interaction can occur if there is communication between implementing actors. Communication in the implementation of online learning can be seen in the accuracy or accuracy of communication and consistency of communication regarding online learning information from the principal to the teacher and finally to students and parents. Interaction between actors, namely principals, teachers, students, and parents in the implementation of online learning has not been carried out effectively. This is because the interaction between implementing actors is unresponsive to one party, namely students and parents. Apart from that, giving complicated and difficult assignments by the teacher, which makes it difficult for students and parents to understand, is also a factor in the existence of negligence or delay
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Mattsson, Lars-Gunnar, and Per Andersson. "Private-public interaction in public service innovation processes- business model challenges for a start-up EdTech firm." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 34, no. 5 (June 3, 2019): 1106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-10-2018-0297.
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PurposeContemporary public service innovations to an important degree are initiated and enabled by digitalization. Digitalization stimulates entry of new firms (start-ups) based on innovative implementation of digital technology for public services. The interwoven digitalization and innovation processes involve interaction and interdependencies between private business actors and public service providing actors. In this paper, the authors take the perspective of a start-up business actor that tries to develop and implement a viable business model in the very dynamic context of digital transformation of public education. The purpose of this paper is to analyze how the instability of a startup firm’s business model during public service innovation can be explained. The research question is: “How can business modeling by a start-up firm be explained by tensions between its business model and public service provision models?”Design/methodology/approachBased on an abductive logic, the authors choose a single-case study of a start-up firm’s development in 2010-2018 and its interaction with public actors. Information about the firm acquired in the first phase of the study showed that it frequently changed its business model. A general analytical framework was developed to aid in efforts to answer the research question.FindingsThe case showed that a business model could be seen as a temporary outcome of a business modeling process, and that also concurrently public actors change their public actors’ service provisioning models. Public-private interaction reveals tensions that drive business modeling.Originality/valueThe study contributes to empirical knowledge about private-public interaction in the dynamic and complex context in which digital transformation in society drives public service innovations. The conceptual contribution rests more generally in the analytical framework and how it frames public actor’s “service provision modeling” as a driver of business modeling.
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Utami, Sabrina Rahma, Rika Nurismah Safitri, and Yohanes Ari Kuncoroyakti. "Network Analysis and Actors #CancelOmnibusLaw on Twitter Social Media Using Social Network Analysis (SNA)." JCommsci - Journal Of Media and Communication Science 4, no. 3 (December 29, 2021): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jcommsci.v4i3.111.
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Omnibus Law is the merging of several different rules into one law. RUU Cipta Kerja is one part of the Omnibus Law that attracts attention because it is considered detrimental to society. This caused a lot of rejection and protests from the society. The protest was held directly in the form of demonstrations in various regions of Indonesia and also in Twitter through #BatalkanOmnibusLaw. The purpose of this research is to find out the analysis of communication networks and identify influential actors in #BatalkanOmnibusLaw on Twitter. This research uses Social Network Analysis (SNA) methods and Computer-mediated Communication theory. Data is collected through Twitter from August 1-October 31, 2020. The process of analyzing and retrieving data is using Netlytic.org and Gephi software. The results showed that there were 62 actors with 153 interactions. Proximity between actors is worth 3, meaning close proximity and easy interaction between actors. The interactions created between actors are very few, uneven ,and the interactions that occur only one way. The #BatalkanOmnibusLaw is centered on ten actors, the most dominant account is @fraksirakyatid. Based on degree centrality analysis, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality, and eigenvector centrality the most influential actors in #BatalkanOmnibusLaw network are @fraksirakyatid and @walhinasional. Keywords: #BatalkanOmnibusLaw, Twitter, Actor, Communication Network
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Guercini, Simone, Matilde Milanesi, and Andrea Runfola. "Bridges to sustainable health systems: public-private interaction for market access." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 35, no. 12 (April 13, 2020): 1929–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-11-2019-0475.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the market access (MA) of ethical drugs, the underlying public-private interaction (PPI) between pharmaceutical companies and public actors, and the implications for the sustainability of the health system. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative interpretivist approach was selected. Interviews were carried out as the primary method of data collection: 27 interviews were conducted with 13 key informants from the pharmaceutical industry. Findings The perspective of MA evolves from formal negotiation with the public actor at various levels to PPI, which should include aspects of interactions with other actors in the network. Conceptualization in these terms is fundamental because it allows an understanding of the implications in terms of the sustainability of the health system. Originality/value The paper discusses MA by highlighting the shift from a “market access as formal negotiation” perspective to a “public-private interaction for market access” perspective, in which the focus is on the content of the interaction and the representation of the network of relevant actors for MA. It contributes to the debate on the sustainability of health systems by suggesting the adoption of a medium-to-long-term approach to economic and social sustainability based on PPI; it adopts an industrial marketing approach and contributes to the recent debate on PPI.
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Melianus Ririmase, Pieter, Paulus Melkianus Puttileihalat, and Christian Willem Patty. "Structure And Role Of Actors In Social Networks Moa Buffalo Farmer In Klis Village Maluku Regency Southwest Maluku Province." Journal of World Science 1, no. 8 (August 29, 2022): 611–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/jws.v1i8.83.
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Buffalo farmers in Klis Village in their development need to prioritize social values ??as the strength of the relationship between their members in interacting. Interaction shows the existence of a relatively stable relationship and shows the existence of a learning process that leads to strengthening the capacity of individuals or groups. The level of interaction can be described through the structure of the relationship between farmers (actors) in the social network and the role of each actor, to receive and share information so that it can show the pattern of relationships and the importance of actors in a network. This study aims to examine the structure of social networks and the role of actors in the social network of moa buffalo farmers in Klis Village, Moa District, Southwest Maluku Regency. The results showed that the social network structure of farmers at each click was in the form of an Interlocking Personal Network. Networks that have interlocking properties are networks that have a high degree of integration within the group but have low openness outside the group. Actors 11, 8, 27 and 23 are actors who have an important role in the social network of buffalo farmers, namely as; opinion leaders, gate keepers, bridges, and liaisons.
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Melianus Ririmase, Pieter, Paulus Melkianus Puttileihalat, and Christian Willem Patty. "Structure And Role Of Actors In Social Networks Moa Buffalo Farmer In Klis Village Maluku Regency Southwest Maluku Province." Journal of World Science 1, no. 8 (August 29, 2022): 611–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.58344/jws.v1i8.83.
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Buffalo farmers in Klis Village in their development need to prioritize social values ??as the strength of the relationship between their members in interacting. Interaction shows the existence of a relatively stable relationship and shows the existence of a learning process that leads to strengthening the capacity of individuals or groups. The level of interaction can be described through the structure of the relationship between farmers (actors) in the social network and the role of each actor, to receive and share information so that it can show the pattern of relationships and the importance of actors in a network. This study aims to examine the structure of social networks and the role of actors in the social network of moa buffalo farmers in Klis Village, Moa District, Southwest Maluku Regency. The results showed that the social network structure of farmers at each click was in the form of an Interlocking Personal Network. Networks that have interlocking properties are networks that have a high degree of integration within the group but have low openness outside the group. Actors 11, 8, 27 and 23 are actors who have an important role in the social network of buffalo farmers, namely as; opinion leaders, gate keepers, bridges, and liaisons.
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Estaswara, B. Helpris. "Strategic Communication dalam Perspektif Ilmu Komunikasi." CoverAge: Journal of Strategic Communication 11, no. 2 (March 17, 2021): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35814/coverage.v11i2.2028.
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Strategic communication is a new study and beginning to develop and it is concern to many parties. However, many writings in international journals have not been identified as including communication concepts and theories. This article attempts to explain strategic communication from the perspective of communication science. The method used in this research is literature review, considering that many strategic communication thinkers have initiated their writings using literature reviews. The result, from the four definitions, found that strategic communication is built on actors, then action, interaction and negotiation, and the last is meaning. Actors in strategic communication are not only single actors, but multiple actors. With multiple actors, strategic communication will be more important and relevant. Whereas action, interaction and negotiation, in strategic communication, it is not only action, but interaction and negotiation are the discussion. Finally, meaning in strategic communication is a process from multiple actors, where they simultaneously carry out actions, interactions and negotiations.
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Geser, Hans. "Towards an Interaction Theory of Organizational Actors." Organization Studies 13, no. 3 (July 1992): 429–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/017084069201300306.
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Organizations can be conceptualized as social actors capable of interacting with each other as well as with individual actors. A correlative interaction theory has to take into account the many ways in which organizations are different from human individuals. First of all, organizations are constituted by actions; they have no existence and identity apart from their activities, and they are held strictly respon sible for almost everything they do. Second, organizations are transparent actors; their internal structures and proces ses can be observed by outsiders so that they can be submitted to external supervision and social control. Finally, organizations are differentiated actors; they can make use of their internal segmentations by participating simultaneously in many different interaction processes and by committing different sub-units to contradictory values and rules.
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Ayi Wong, Diana, Jodie Conduit, and Carolin Plewa. "Initiating actor engagement with novel products." Marketing Theory 20, no. 3 (November 11, 2019): 299–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470593119887474.
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While organizations continue to face extensive pressure to introduce novel products to the market, the question of how customers initiate engagement with novel products remains unanswered. This article draws on the ecosystem perspective of engagement, utilizing the lens of actor engagement, to develop a conceptual framework for actor engagement with novel products. It elaborates our understanding of the indirect interaction that actors have with a focal object through other actors. It demonstrates that through vicarious learning, actors establish cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and social interactions with the novel product. Further, it explicates a process in which legitimacy judgments, at the micro- and macrolevels, play a central role in facilitating and evaluating engagement with products. This framework offers an important contribution to theory by elucidating the facilitating role of learning and introducing the concept of legitimacy to the engagement literature. A set of propositions is presented, and a future research agenda proposed for each of these propositions.
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Aisharya, Inas Yaumi, Budhi Gunawan, Oekan S. Abdoellah, Wahyu Gunawan, and Jhon Jhohan Putra Kumara Dewa. "Role and interaction between local actors in community-based forest management in Upper Citarum Hulu." Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) 12, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 335–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.12.2.335-351.
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The role of the community and their collaboration with other actors are the attempts that are assured to ensure the sustainability of forest management. This study analyzes the role to determine the powers and interests as well as to classify groups by analyzing the interests and influences and analyzes actor-network by using Social Network Analysis (SNA) with KUMU application. PHBM is a form of collaboration between Perum Perhutani as the program designer and forest communities. Perhutani plays as the Key Players in the program with the role of initiating the PHBM program who has great control over forest management such as monitoring and licensing access to forests, as well as Coffee Farmers as the main subject of the program. SNA analysis shows that the key actor of PHBM is LMDH as an actor who has the most connections with other actors, the information center, information broker, and also the closest with other actors since it has the shortest communication path. LMDH’s roles and interactions support the success o community-based forest management.
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Jastramskis, Deimantas. "Parasocialinė žiniasklaidos veikėjų ir auditorijos sąveika." Informacijos mokslai 54 (January 1, 2010): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/im.2010.0.3173.
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Straipsnio objektas – žiniasklaidos psichologijos dalykas – parasocialinė žiniasklaidos veikėjų ir auditorijos sąveika. Straipsnyje aptariami ir analizuojami parasocialinę sąveiką tyrusių mokslininkų darbai, pateikiamas ir nagrinėjamas psichologinis parasocialinės sąveikos modelis, pristatomi ir aptariami Vytauto Kernagio gerbėjų, kaip parasocialinės sąveikos dalyvių, internetinių atsiliepimų kokybinės turinio analizės rezultatai.Straipsnyje teigiama, kad parasocialiniai žiniasklaidos veikėjų ir auditorijos narių santykiai apima daugybę skirtingų sąveikų. Stipriausi santykiai yra sukuriami per ilgesnį laiką su veikėjais, pristatomais įvairių žiniasklaidos priemonių ir atliekančiais įvairius vaidmenis. Parasocialinė garsenybių ir auditorijos sąveika tęsiasi ir garsenybėms mirus. Šios tąsos stiprumą lemia išėjusios asmenybės suformuoto įvaizdžio mastas ir žiniasklaidos industrijos pastangų intensyvumas skleisti garsenybės kūrinius ir su jos vardu susijusius pranešimus.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: žiniasklaida, parasocialinė sąveika, auditorija, žiniasklaidos veikėjas, garsenybė.Parasocial Interaction between Media Actors and AudienceDeimantas Jastramskis SummaryThe aim of the work was to analyze the development of parasocial relationships between media actors and audience. The analysis is based on the research of the processes of parasocial interaction and the psychological model of parasocial interaction. The author analyses parasocial interaction between audience and the prominent Lithuanian actor Vytautas Kernagis. After his death, a large number of comments were placed on the Delfi website. These comments were analyzed for themes relating to aspects of the parasocial relationships that the fans had experienced with Vytautas Kernagis.The claim of the article is that parasocial relationships between media actors and audience members encompass dozens of diverse interactions. Strongest relationships are created in the longer term with actors who appear in diverse media and perform diverse roles. Parasocial interaction continues when celebrities die. The strength of this continuation depends on the scale of image of a celebrity and on the intensity of attempts of media industry to disseminate the works of a celebrity and messages about the celebrity.
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Morozov, S. M., and M. S. Kupriyanov. "Actor model of building neuro-fuzzy systems." LETI Transactions on Electrical Engineering & Computer Science 15, no. 5/6 (2022): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2071-8985-2022-15-5/6-22-31.
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Development of actors-based model of neuro-fuzzy systems is considered. Different ways of distributed asynchronous artificial intelligent systems. Actor model, which is based on an interaction of separate and independent units, allows creating of hybrid intelligent calculating systems. Properties of actors and the specifics of their communication give a number of ways for providing system’s self-diagnostics and self-organization. The comparison of efficiency of distributed neuro-fuzzy system, based on actors model, and a monolith system, created as one unit, is provided. Time of processing a specific number of datasets was performed on both if these types of systems for this purpose. Memory distribution and calculating units’ interaction of distributed hybrid artificial intelligence systems were estimated.
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Ripken, Malena, Xander Keijser, Thomas Klenke, and Igor Mayer. "The ‘Living Q’—An Interactive Method for Actor Engagement in Transnational Marine Spatial Planning." Environments 5, no. 8 (July 27, 2018): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments5080087.
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The interaction of stakeholders is regarded key in modern environmental and spatial planning. Marine/maritime spatial planning (MSP) is an emerging marine policy domain, which is of great interest worldwide. MSP practices are characterized by diverse approaches and a lack of transnational cooperation. Actors with various backgrounds have to identify mismatches and synergies to jointly aim towards coherent and coordinated practices. The ‘Living Q’ is a communication method to make actors aware systematically about their viewpoints in an interactive, communicative and playful environment, while it draws on results of a proceeding ‘Q Methodology’ study. Results from ‘Living Q’ exercises with international expert’s groups from European Sea basins show that the method is capable to foster communication and interaction among actors participating in ‘Living Q’ exercises, while having the potential to generate added value to planning processes by actor interaction in a collaborative setting.
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Petrov, K. A. "Share and erase: agency formation among children and adults with mental disorders." Etnograficheskoe obozrenie, no. 5 (October 15, 2023): 178–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869541523050111.
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The article offers a description and analysis of agency formation practices in the Center for the Development and Socialization of Children and Adults with Disabilities. The research focuses on the interaction between the center’s psychologists and wards, mediated by various artifacts and technical objects. I show that the formation of agency can be subdivided into several aspects: first, assistants create the locality - a spatially and temporally limited interactional environment of heterogeneous actors; second, the life of the center depends on the arrangement of the actions of these heterogeneous actors; third, psychologists erase traces of non-human actors’ work to perform agency; this procedure allows to highlight an action that will later be attributed to the wards. This attribution must be seen as a final stage of the work performed within localities. Thus, within the center, agency manifests itself as an effect that occurs when the actor becomes inscribed in the locality, forced to share the common place with other actors, reduced to its action.
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Talapessy, Erits, and Hendry Hendry. "Analisis Node Dengan Metode Degree Centrality Dan Follower Rank Pada Tagar Twitter." JURIKOM (Jurnal Riset Komputer) 9, no. 2 (April 29, 2022): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.30865/jurikom.v9i2.4053.
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Twitter is one of the most popular social media platform as a means of information and interaction with other people. Since its launch in 2006, Twitter has been classified as a microblogging site. Data in the form of node analysis (actors) on Twitter can be analyzed using a social network analysis method approach. This study was designed to analyze data on tweet containing the hastag “#LuhutPenghisapDarahRakyat”. This analysis uses the degree centrality method to identify influential nodes (actors) and the follower rank method to find popular nodes (actors). The data were 2803 nodes and 8030 edges data was taken from November 6,2021 to November 7,2021. The results show that the @arthan38836243 account is the actor with the higshest degree centrality value, which is 265 and the @teriwinarno account is the actor with the highest popularity value or follower rank, which is 0.988081224. This shows that influential actors are not necessarily the same as popular actor. This studt that among the 10 main actors with the highest degree centrality value, one of the actors was a buzzer account on Twitter
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Polese, Francesco, Luca Carrubbo, Roberto Bruni, and Gennaro Maione. "The viable system perspective of actors in eco-systems." TQM Journal 29, no. 6 (October 9, 2017): 783–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tqm-05-2017-0055.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to show the relevance of the interest in sharing the common purpose and in searching for a common survival of emerging eco-system (ES) as an entity that “is not” but emerges by the viable actors interaction. Design/methodology/approach This conceptual paper contributes to the research by defining the ES building on the contributions of SD logic and viable systems approach (VSA), with a particular focus on the VSA perspective. Findings An ES emerges as a viable “system of systems” by an observer’s interpretation of the simultaneous interactions between different viable actors/systems that are sharing a common purpose (the survival of the ES), exchanging resources following a viable value co-creation model. Each actor/system could represent a level of quality of belonging to the ES looking for the opportunity to be resonant with the ES. Research limitations/implications The ES features and the role of each actor inside could be deepened through different theoretical perspectives and the same VSA to the ES could be reached with empirical explorations. Practical implications Understanding the nature of the ES, the practitioners are able to explain better their position in relation to partners and competitors. It is possible to be a part of several emerging ESs looking for the will to contribute to the ES’ survival and to the sharing of the purpose of the interactive systems/actors. In a medium and long run, the measure of the resonance is useful to understand the quality in interaction. Originality/value The work provides a definition of the ES and the actors inside focusing on the perspective of VSA, by integrating the concept of viable value co-creation and solidarity-based logic; in particular, the concept of Centro Commerciale Naturale is used to show the emergence of the ES in a relational context generated by the interaction between city, service and retailers in a city center.
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Wikner, Joakim, Jenny Bäckstrand, and Eva Johansson. "Customer-differentiated triadic interaction based on decoupling points." Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing 10, no. 2 (June 19, 2017): 185–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgoss-10-2016-0032.
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Purpose The integration of supply chains together with the disintegration of individual actors in the supply chain shifts the focus from actors to challenges in the interaction between actors. This paper aims to identify risk strategies for different supplier interactions in triadic configurations to outline supply strategies. Design/methodology/approach Companies participating in a research project recounted the challenges they faced regarding the integration of customer order-based management and supply from a triad perspective. Six triad configurations were identified, based on the literature, resulting in three risk strategies, which were empirically illustrated in practice by the participating companies. Findings A key finding is that a triad perspective for a customer-differentiated approach to supplier interaction results in a material classification that highlights the circumstances in which to apply “balance efficiency”, “postpone”, “balance responsiveness” and “speculate” supply strategies. Research limitations/implications The research has focused on process drivers and controllability, and the results may require careful interpretation when there is a mix of standardized and customized products because further interaction differentiation may then be required. Practical implications The strategies developed herein provide guidelines for differentiated supplier interaction with explicit focus on triads where customer actors directly influence supplier actors. This approach highlights how outsourcing must be carefully executed when supplier actors are involved in delivery to customer orders. Originality/value The paper sheds new light on how customer requirements impact supplier interaction in terms of decoupling points related to both delivery strategy and control strategy. The study also presents a novel application of the Kraljic matrix in in terms of risk strategies in different triad configurations.
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WANG, CHENG, OMAR LIZARDO, DAVID HACHEN, ANTHONY STRATHMAN, ZOLTÁN TOROCZKAI, and NITESH V. CHAWLA. "A dyadic reciprocity index for repeated interaction networks." Network Science 1, no. 1 (April 2013): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nws.2012.5.
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AbstractA wide variety of networked systems in human societies are composed of repeated communications between actors. A dyadic relationship made up of repeated interactions may be reciprocal (both actors have the same probability of directing a communication attempt to the other) or non-reciprocal (one actor has a higher probability of initiating a communication attempt than the other). In this paper we propose a theoretically motivated index of reciprocity appropriate for networks formed from repeated interactions based on these probabilities. We go on to examine the distribution of reciprocity in a large-scale social network built from trace-logs of over a billion cell-phone communication events across millions of actors in a large industrialized country. We find that while most relationships tend toward reciprocity, a substantial minority of relationships exhibit large levels of non-reciprocity. This is puzzling because behavioral theories in social science predict that persons will selectively terminate non-reciprocal relationships, keeping only those that approach reciprocity. We point to two structural features of human communication behavior and relationship formation—the division of contacts into strong and weak ties and degree-based assortativity—that either help or hinder the ability of persons to obtain communicative balance in their relationships. We examine the extent to which deviations from reciprocity in the observed network are partially traceable to the operation of these countervailing tendencies.
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Jacobo-Villegas, Eduardo, Bibiana Obregón-Quintana, Lev Guzmán-Vargas, and Larry S. Liebovitch. "Conflict Dynamics in Scale-Free Networks with Degree Correlations and Hierarchical Structure." Entropy 24, no. 11 (October 31, 2022): 1571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24111571.
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We present a study of the dynamic interactions between actors located on complex networks with scale-free and hierarchical scale-free topologies with assortative mixing, that is, correlations between the degree distributions of the actors. The actor’s state evolves according to a model that considers its previous state, the inertia to change, and the influence of its neighborhood. We show that the time evolution of the system depends on the percentage of cooperative or competitive interactions. For scale-free networks, we find that the dispersion between actors is higher when all interactions are either cooperative or competitive, while a balanced presence of interactions leads to a lower separation. Moreover, positive assortative mixing leads to greater divergence between the states, while negative assortative mixing reduces this dispersion. We also find that hierarchical scale-free networks have both similarities and differences when compared with scale-free networks. Hierarchical scale-free networks, like scale-free networks, show the least divergence for an equal mix of cooperative and competitive interactions between actors. On the other hand, hierarchical scale-free networks, unlike scale-free networks, show much greater divergence when dominated by cooperative rather than competitive actors, and while the formation of a rich club (adding links between hubs) with cooperative interactions leads to greater divergence, the divergence is much less when they are fully competitive. Our findings highlight the importance of the topology where the interaction dynamics take place, and the fact that a balanced presence of cooperators and competitors makes the system more cohesive, compared to the case where one strategy dominates.
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You, Xuqun, Yu Zhang, Rongjuan Zhu, and Yu Guo. "Embodied Interaction Priority: Other's Body Part Affects Numeral–Space Mappings." Perception 47, no. 5 (March 26, 2018): 492–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0301006618765556.
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Traditionally, the spatial–numerical association of response codes (SNARC) effect was presented in two-choice condition, in which only one individual reacted to both even (small) and odd (large) numbers. Few studies explored SNARC effect in a social situation. Moreover, there are many reference frames involved in SNARC effect, and it has not yet been investigated which reference frame is dominated when two participants perform the go-nogo task together. In the present study, we investigated which reference frame plays a primary role in SNARC effect when allocentric and egocentric reference frames were consistent or inconsistent in social settings. Furthermore, we explored how two actors corepresent number–space mapping interactively. Results of the two experiments demonstrated that egocentric reference frame was at work primarily when two reference frames were consistent and inconsistent. This shows that body-centered coordinate frames influence number–space mapping in social settings, and one actor may represent another actor's action and tasks.
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Sembiring, Irwan, Ade Iriani, and Suharyadi Suharyadi. "Exploring Alternative Approaches for TwitterForensics: Utilizing Social Network Analysis to Identify Key Actors and Potential Suspects." INTENSIF: Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian dan Penerapan Teknologi Sistem Informasi 7, no. 2 (August 5, 2023): 161–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.29407/intensif.v7i2.18894.
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SNA (Social Network Analysis) is a modeling method for users which is symbolized by points (nodes) and interactions between users are represented by lines (edges). This method is needed to see patterns of social interaction in the network starting with finding out who the key actors are. The novelty of this study lies in the expansion of the analysis of other suspects, not only key actors identified during this time. This method performs a narrowed network mapping by examining only nodes connected to key actors. Secondary key actors no longer use centrality but use weight indicators at the edges. A case study using the hashtag "Manchester United" on the social media platform Twitter was conducted in the study. The results of the Social Network Analysis (SNA) revealed that @david_ornstein accounts are key actors with centrality of 2298 degrees. Another approach found @hadrien_grenier, @footballforall, @theutdjournal accounts had a particularly high intensity of interaction with key actors. The intensity of communication between secondary actors and key actors is close to or above the weighted value of 50. The results of this analysis can be used to suspect other potential suspects who have strong ties to key actors by looking.
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Younes, Mohamed, Ewa Kijak, Richard Kulpa, Simon Malinowski, and Franck Multon. "MAAIP." Proceedings of the ACM on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques 6, no. 3 (August 16, 2023): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3606926.
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Simulating realistic interaction and motions for physics-based characters is of great interest for interactive applications, and automatic secondary character animation in the movie and video game industries. Recent works in reinforcement learning have proposed impressive results for single character simulation, especially the ones that use imitation learning based techniques. However, imitating multiple characters interactions and motions requires to also model their interactions. In this paper, we propose a novel Multi-Agent Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning based approach that generalizes the idea of motion imitation for one character to deal with both the interaction and the motions of the multiple physics-based characters. Two unstructured datasets are given as inputs: 1) a single-actor dataset containing motions of a single actor performing a set of motions linked to a specific application, and 2) an interaction dataset containing a few examples of interactions between multiple actors. Based on these datasets, our system trains control policies allowing each character to imitate the interactive skills associated with each actor, while preserving the intrinsic style. This approach has been tested on two different fighting styles, boxing and full-body martial art, to demonstrate the ability of the method to imitate different styles.
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Taufiq, Muhammad, Suhirman Suhirman, and Benedictus Kombaitan. "Proses Transaktif, Interaksi Antar Aktor Agen Transfer dalam Pembangunan Lokal." TATALOKA 22, no. 3 (August 31, 2020): 400–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.22.3.400-408.
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Planning as a decision-making tool got intervention from the actors involved in it, through deliberation which is transactive planning and face-to-face dialogue between planners as transfer agents and the community. This situation has resulted in a mismatch between the priority policies for using the budget set at the local level and the implementation guidelines set by the central government. Questions arise how interactions between actors occurred in a transactive process. This article evaluates the interaction between involved actors in the transactive process, which occurs during a practice of local development planning program activity. Evaluations were carried out on village fund program cases in Indonesia, through qualitative approach analysis. The study aims to provide an understanding of the interactions between transfer agent actors during deliberation at the local level. The results show that the interaction between transfer agents conduct through the practice of dominating ideas, which tend to emphasize the dominance of certain parties in prioritizing budget use policies.
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Clifton, Jonathan, Fernando Fachin, and François Cooren. "How Artefacts Do Leadership: A Ventriloquial Analysis." Management Communication Quarterly 35, no. 2 (March 6, 2021): 256–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0893318921998078.
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To date there has been little work that uses fine-grained interactional analyses of the in situ doing of leadership to make visible the role of non-human as well as human actants in this process. Using transcripts of naturally-occurring interaction as data, this study seeks to show how leadership is co-achieved by artefacts as an in-situ accomplishment. To do this we situate this study within recent work on distributed leadership and argue that it is not only distributed across human actors, but also across networks that include both human and non-human actors. Taking a discursive approach to leadership, we draw on Actor Network Theory and adopt a ventriloquial approach to sociomateriality as inspired by the Montreal School of organizational communication. Findings indicate that artefacts “do” leadership when a hybrid presence is made relevant to the interaction and when this presence provides authoritative grounds for influencing others to achieve the group’s goals.
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Sagala, Saut Aritua Hasiholan, Fernando Situngkir, and Ramanditya Wimbardana. "Interaksi Aktor dalam Rekonstruksi Rumah Pasca Bencana Gempa Bumi." MIMBAR, Jurnal Sosial dan Pembangunan 29, no. 2 (December 31, 2013): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v29i2.397.
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This research aims to provide the understanding of stakeholders’ interaction process in housing reconstruction in Pangalengan Sub-District after the 2009 West Java earthquake. This research took qualitative approach and was focused on describing patterns which the actors took in particular roles and exploring their interaction pattern. The actors’ interaction was presented in statistic measurement and social network analysis. Through the visualization of actors’ networks and the quantitative measurement of the networks, it was resulted that the density of network was relatively low. We found that 41 actors were involved in housing reconstruction in Pangalengan Sub-District which 18 actors became the central actors.The actors in the network comprised from four elements, including government, community, business and donor, and external actors. The increasing of interaction intensity in the network by arranging such mechanism and enhancement of actors’ capacity are recommended in this study.
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Prager, Katrin, and Annie McKee. "Co-production of knowledge in soils governance." International Journal of Rural Law and Policy, no. 1 (June 29, 2015): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ijrlp.i1.2015.4352.
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The co-production of knowledge between different actor groups has the potential to generate ‘more socially robust knowledge’ and better decisions, therefore improving governance processes. This paper explores knowledge co-production between different types of actors involved in soils governance in Scotland: policy makers, agency staff, scientists, local authorities, land managers and other stakeholders. In a setting characterised by network governance, we investigate knowledge co-production in three arenas that aimed to implement the Scottish Soil Framework and progress several activities such as a Soil Monitoring Action Plan and the Scotland’s Soils website. Adopting an action research, case study approach, we collected data through document analysis, observation, personal communication with policy actors involved, and semi-structured interviews with soil data users (local authorities, farmers, estate managers). The findings show different levels of interaction in the different arenas, ranging from major interaction and two-way communication to no interaction. The interaction levels indicate the extent to which knowledge exchange has taken place. Analysis highlights the divergence in problem framing between the actor groups, their diverse soil data needs and, therefore, a variation in perceptions of solutions. The combination of co-production in the different arenas enhanced policy actors’ knowledge and allowed them to reconsider policy implementation efforts. However, the delineation of knowledge types remains challenging since the same actor can hold different types of knowledge. We conclude that the concept of knowledge co-production is useful as a frame for developing polycentric, interactive and multi-party processes in soils governance, as well as to identify where interaction requires facilitation and/or improvement, but the concept does not provide a consistent theory.
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Kislitsyn, Ye V. "Mechanism of Actors’ Interaction in Imperfect Competition." Journal of the Ural State University of Economics 72, no. 4 (2017): 98–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.29141/2073-1019-2017-16-4-9.
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Arvedsen, Lise D., and Liv O. Hassert. "Accomplishing leadership-in-interaction by mobilizing available information and communication technology objects in a virtual context." Leadership 16, no. 5 (April 22, 2020): 546–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1742715020917819.
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Leadership-in-interaction is a somewhat underdeveloped area of research which to date has concentrated on talk-in-interaction to the detriment of other modalities. Consequently, this paper seeks to illustrate how social actors make use of different modalities to accomplish leadership, which we conceptualize as the creation of direction, alignment, and commitment. Through multimodal conversation analysis this paper explores interactions between actors in virtual contexts, a particularly interesting empirical setting as the context offers specific constraints on everyday workplace interaction. By zooming in on the interaction using transcripts of naturally occurring interaction, we find that the accomplishment of leadership, direction, alignment, and commitment, in a constrained virtual context can appear mundane. However, at the same time the accomplishment of leadership calls for the mobilization of several multimodal resources (both talk and information and communication technology objects). The analysis makes it evident that the actors mobilize objects to draw on their situated affordances, in the accomplishment of direction, alignment, and commitment. With a fine-grained analysis of naturally occurring data, we illustrate that leadership is a collective achievement. We also expand the understanding of leadership in practice, especially in virtual contexts, by demonstrating how actors utilize objects and verbal resources in the co-production of leadership.
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Pesquita, Ana, Ulysses Bernardet, Bethany E. Richards, Ole Jensen, and Kimron Shapiro. "Isolating Action Prediction from Action Integration in the Perception of Social Interactions." Brain Sciences 12, no. 4 (March 24, 2022): 432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12040432.
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Previous research suggests that predictive mechanisms are essential in perceiving social interactions. However, these studies did not isolate action prediction (a priori expectations about how partners in an interaction react to one another) from action integration (a posteriori processing of both partner’s actions). This study investigated action prediction during social interactions while controlling for integration confounds. Twenty participants viewed 3D animations depicting an action–reaction interaction between two actors. At the start of each action–reaction interaction, one actor performs a social action. Immediately after, instead of presenting the other actor’s reaction, a black screen covers the animation for a short time (occlusion duration) until a still frame depicting a precise moment of the reaction is shown (reaction frame). The moment shown in the reaction frame is either temporally aligned with the occlusion duration or deviates by 150 ms or 300 ms. Fifty percent of the action–reaction trials were semantically congruent, and the remaining were incongruent, e.g., one actor offers to shake hands, and the other reciprocally shakes their hand (congruent action–reaction) versus one actor offers to shake hands, and the other leans down (incongruent action–reaction). Participants made fast congruency judgments. We hypothesized that judging the congruency of action–reaction sequences is aided by temporal predictions. The findings supported this hypothesis; linear speed-accuracy scores showed that congruency judgments were facilitated by a temporally aligned occlusion duration, and reaction frames compared to 300 ms deviations, thus suggesting that observers internally simulate the temporal unfolding of an observed social interction. Furthermore, we explored the link between participants with higher autistic traits and their sensitivity to temporal deviations. Overall, the study offers new evidence of prediction mechanisms underpinning the perception of social interactions in isolation from action integration confounds.
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Dobšinská, Z., J. Šálka, Z. Sarvašová, and J. Lásková. " Rural development policy in the context of actor-centred institutionalism." Journal of Forest Science 59, No. 1 (February 12, 2013): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/24/2012-jfs.
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We analysed the formulation of Rural Development Programme of the Slovak Republic for 2007–2013 applying the theory of actor-centred institutionalism and its interaction forms. Approaches accentuating the role of actors and their interactions are an appropriate tool for the better understanding of cross-sectoral relationships and the improvement of public policy coherence in the formulation process of strategic documents in rural development. Methodologically the study is based on a qualitative analysis of documents and standardized interviews. The formulation of RDP SR 2007–2013 is showing signs of cross-sectoral coordination between different actors in the form of bargaining, as well as signs of hierarchical coordination among public and private actors. In the formulation process of RDP SR 2007–2013 a negative mechanism of coordination was dominant with negative consequences for the policy coherence of the final document. A positive element for the coherence of rural development policy is the observation of decision-making elements in networks.
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Freytag, Per Vagn, and Kristian Philipsen. "Shaping business through and within networks: evolving from a traditional to a digital firm." Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 34, no. 5 (June 3, 2019): 1079–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-10-2018-0302.
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Purpose Although individual and business actors are often mentioned as an important part of clarifying the stages that firms and their networks go through from starting up to becoming established, most studies have emphasised activities and resources rather than actors. Therefore, more needs to be known about how actors shape and are shaped through and within firms’ networks. Design/methodology/approach To clarify the process of reshaping business in networks, the focus of this study is on the role of actors in firms’ networks during the main stages of development. The major events for each stage are described in terms of how these events affect the interaction, alignment and interfaces between individual actors and business actors with a focus on individual and collective interests. Findings The individual actor plays a key role in the start-up stage, whereas the business actor has a key role in the final stage when the firm has become an important player in the industry. In later stages, the individual actor plays a gradually decreasing role and the business actor an increasing role. However, it appears that an analysis of the interplay between the two levels of analysis provides deeper insight into the shaping. Originality/value This study provides new insights into the role of the actor and how the actor shapes and is shaped by a firm and its network in different stages. Further, the study contributes by clarifying actors’ roles on two levels of analysis and shows the roles of interests, conflicts, interfaces and alignment in shaping firms and their networks.
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Gambino, Andrew, Jesse Fox, and Rabindra Ratan. "Building a Stronger CASA: Extending the Computers Are Social Actors Paradigm." Human-Machine Communication 1 (February 1, 2020): 71–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.30658/hmc.1.5.
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The computers are social actors framework (CASA), derived from the media equation, explains how people communicate with media and machines demonstrating social potential. Many studies have challenged CASA, yet it has not been revised. We argue that CASA needs to be expanded because people have changed, technologies have changed, and the way people interact with technologies has changed. We discuss the implications of these changes and propose an extension of CASA. Whereas CASA suggests humans mindlessly apply human-human social scripts to interactions with media agents, we argue that humans may develop and apply human-media social scripts to these interactions. Our extension explains previous dissonant findings and expands scholarship regarding human-machine communication, human-computer interaction, human-robot interaction, human-agent interaction, artificial intelligence, and computer-mediated communication.
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Vildåsen, Sigurd Sagen, and Malena Ingemansson Havenvid. "The role of interaction for corporate sustainability." IMP Journal 12, no. 1 (March 12, 2018): 148–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imp-05-2017-0016.
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Purpose Most scholars acknowledge the role of firm-stakeholder relationship for enabling corporate sustainability (CS), but existing literature tends to apply a superficial understanding of interaction. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to advance knowledge by challenging classical stakeholder theory with fundamental insights from the IMP perspective, which in turn leads to a deeper conceptualization of interactive CS. Design/methodology/approach A typology framework is developed through an abductive research design grounded in the concepts of actors, resources, and activities. The authors illustrate the potential of the framework through a longitudinal case study. The empirical case revolves around an initiative for recycling of plastic material in a partly beforehand established supply chain, and the study reveals three main findings. Findings First, recycling solutions can result in major technological challenges. For example, using recycled material can jeopardize industrial quality standards. Second, third-party stakeholders represent critical knowledge and competence that can remedy technological challenges. Finally, R&D projects are important means for developing firm-stakeholder relationships. Research limitations/implications The paper introduces IMP concepts to the CS debate, which can illuminate the emerging literature on tensions and paradoxes related to CS phenomena. Further research is needed on the role of non-business actors as capacity generators for social and environmental change in traditional business networks. Practical implications The proposed framework can be used to analyze why some stakeholders (individuals and groups) turn into contributing actors in inter-organizational relationships, while others remain latent. Originality/value This paper illustrates the usefulness of actor bonds, resource ties and activity links as explanatory concepts. Moreover, developed relationships in terms of collaboration and networks represent a capacity to change, which is overlooked in current CS debates.
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Resmadi, Idhar, Rendy Pandita Bastari, Lingga Agung, and Luqman Rusdan Nugraha. "Performativity of Virtual Community: An Analysis of Actor-Network Theory in NFT Virtual Community." Jurnal Sosioteknologi 21, no. 3 (December 28, 2022): 265–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/sostek.itbj.2022.21.3.4.
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Visual artists used NFT (non-fungible tokens) to market artwork and build virtualcommunity networks. NFTs are special certificates or licenses for digitally sold items.In this context, the presence of NFT creators has given rise to a virtual communityinvolving many digital media activities. The phenomenon then offers a variety of newtechnology-based relationships (blockchain, metaverse, NFT, Twitter, Twitter Spaces,Discord, and Clubhouse) and human actors (artists, digital artists, and designers), whichgive rise to specific characteristics to interact with each other or market their artworkin a virtual community. This research aims to discuss the interaction process in the NFT virtual community to understand the NFT ecosystem based on digital media. The actor- network theory is used to understand the network relations between human and non-human actors interacting through various digital platforms. The results of this study showed that the NFT virtual community could not be separated from the presence ofhuman and non-human actors.
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Kristina, Anita, Khusnul Ashar, and Iswan Noor. "The Dynamics of Actor Addiction Issues in the Design of Insurance Governance of Indonesian Labor." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 8, no. 2 (March 28, 2017): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2017.v8n2p37.
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Abstract This study delivers an overview of the actor interaction process in the insurance management design of Indonesian Labor. The discussion began from exploring the governance mechanism systems in the perspective of institutional design with many dynamic issues. Next, discussing how the actors interact to the same destination and how other players face their dependence on powerful actors. Insurance governance design of Indonesian labor shows the need for management changes, which tends to form a pattern of unequal power structures. Core actors in the management relationship construct a dependency relationship, as a result of unbalanced information and profile load of insane decision-making.
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Abidin, Zainal, Rinaldi Munir, Saiful Akbar, Rila Mandala, and Dwi H. Widyantoro. "Storychart: A Character Interaction Chart for Visualizing the Activities Flow." JOIV : International Journal on Informatics Visualization 7, no. 4 (December 31, 2023): 2358. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/joiv.7.4.01608.
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Event-predicate-based storyline extraction results in a chronologically ordered activity journal. The extraction results contain complex human activities, so the activity journal requires a visualization model to describe actor interactions. This paper proposes a chart to visualize the activities' flow to describe the characters' interactions in an activity journal. This chart is called a storychart. Storycharts have an actor channel that can accept single entities or teams. The actor channel allows changing the type from single to a team or vice versa and moving members to other teams. The activity channel serves as a connector to accommodate interactions between actors. The activity channel provides a visual space for the elements of what, where, and when. Event predicates are the core of what. Therefore, the storychart visualizes the event predicate using glyphs to attract the reader’s attention. The main contribution of this paper is to introduce a team channel that can visualize the identity of team members and an activity channel that can visualize the details of events. We invited participants to discover the reader’s perception of the ease of team recognition and the integrity of the meaning of the narrative visualized by the storychart. Participants involved in the evaluation were filtered by literacy score. Evaluation of storychart reading showed that readers could easily distinguish teams from single actors, and storycharts could convey the story in the activity journal with little reduction in meaning.
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Madugu, Altine. "Mapping Linkages between Actors in Cattle Marketing Innovation System of Northeastern Nigeria." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 22, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2022.22.1.2.
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The focus of this study was to analyze and map linkages among actors in the innovation system of cattle marketing in northeastern Nigeria. Specifically, linkages/interactions between actors and those of the innovation system network were determined. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 48 respondents and a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) session involving sixteen (16) participants each was conducted in three out of the four Adamawa Agricultural Development Project (AADP) zones of Adamawa State. Analytical tools used were descriptive statistics such as means, tables, and charts while the inferential statistical tool used was the Social Network Analysis (SNA). The results of the FGD interaction sessions revealed that the sixteen (16) actors had ninety-nine (99) ties in the network; these were classified into nine (9) key and seven (7) non-key actors with each group performing specific roles in the system. Furthermore, the result of the social network analysis revealed a network density of 0.83, indicating that 83% of all direct linkages were present. However, the network cohesion was 0.40, showing that only 40.0% of the connections were reciprocated, which implied that about 40% of the actors are not well connected. The result further revealed that both extension agents/Village Based Agents and the cattle dealers association had the highest degree and closeness centrality (73% and 6 links each), implying that they are the actors with more connections, closest to others and thus directly able to influence the decisions of other actors in the network; they can also be considered as the most important channels/agents for the diffusion of innovations in the system. The result of the network diagram revealed that there were strong, weak, unidirectional and reciprocal links among actors in the system. A strong link signifies high/dense interaction while a weak link signifies low/loose interaction among actors. Furthermore, unidirectional links indicate a one-way interaction/communication process while a reciprocal link signifies a feedback communication process.
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Senga, Mathew. "‘In Local Collaboration we Trust’: The Dynamics of Trust Network Relationships in Collaborative Natural Resource Management in Tanzania." Tanzania Journal of Sociology 2 (June 30, 2017): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.56279/tajoso.v2i.3.
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The existence of relational trust among network actors can facilitate collective action and enhance the successful collaborative practices of natural resource management. This paper uses a stochastic actor-oriented modelling approach to provide two simple models for dynamics of trust relationships in a network of Village Conservation and Development Committee (VCDC) in Amani Nature Reserve, Tanzania. By simultaneously modelling network (social selection) and behaviour (social influence) this paper tests the hypothesis of whether or not actors with similar attribute(s) tend to trust similar influential actors on the decisions about issues related to local collaborative practices of natural resource management. Results show that homophily (the tendency of individual network actors to associate and bond with similar others) effect for actor attribute and behaviour (influence on decisions of natural resource management) average similarity have an important role to play on selection, maintenance or dissolution of trust ties among VCDC actors in the context of collaborative practices of natural resource management. This paper contributes theoretically and methodologically to a discussion on importance of trust in interaction of actors involved in collaborative practices of natural resource management, particularly in developing countries such as Tanzania. The literature within such framework is still underdeveloped
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Reid, Scott. "Distance, Climate, Demographics and the Development of Online Courses in Newfoundland and Labrador." International Journal of Actor-Network Theory and Technological Innovation 5, no. 2 (April 2013): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jantti.2013040102.
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One of the assertions of the Actor-Network Theory is that physical factors can be actors within a network of other factors which determine the development and use of technology. This paper documents the impact of climate, distance and demographics on the adoption of online courses at Memorial University of Newfoundland in Canada. The qualitative study demonstrates that these physical factors did influence professor’s decisions to use online courses. The findings support the Actor-Network Theory and provide insight into the interaction of physical and human actors within a network that facilitated the adoption of online courses at the university being studied.