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Journal articles on the topic 'Acute bilateral basal ganglia syndrome'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Park, Jong-Ho, Han-Joon Kim, and Seong-Min Kim. "Acute Chorea with Bilateral Basal Ganglia Lesions in Diabetic Uremia." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 34, no. 2 (2007): 248–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100006144.

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Uremia is a syndrome of clinical and metabolic abnormalities, which develops in parallel with the deterioration of renal function. Uremic encephalopathy is one of many manifestations of acute or chronic renal failure. It is usually applied to patients with cortical involvement, such as confusion, seizure, tremor, myoclonus, or asterixis. Some cases of acute extrapyramidal movement disorders associated with bilateral basal ganglia lesions, especially parkinsonism have been reported in uremic patients. Here, we report a diabetic uremic patient who developed acute chorea associated with bilateral

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2

Cao, Xin, Qiang Fang, and Hao Shi. "MRI Findings of Syndrome of Acute Bilateral Symmetrical Basal Ganglia Lesions in Diabetic Uremia: A Case Report and Literature Review." Case Reports in Radiology 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2407219.

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The syndrome of acute bilateral basal ganglia lesions is an uncommon clinical occurrence exhibiting acute onset of movement abnormalities, which can be seen almost exclusively among patients with chronic renal failure, especially in the setting of concurrent diabetes mellitus. Symmetrical lesions located in basal ganglia demonstrated in MRI are typical manifestation of this syndrome. Our study includes routine MRI examination, MRS, 3D-ASL, and SWI findings, which have been rarely reported and will contribute to diagnosing more cases about this syndrome.

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De Witte, Lieve, Sebastiaan Engelborghs, Jo Verhoeven, Peter P. De Deyn, and Peter Mariën. "Disrupted Auto-Activation, Dysexecutive and Confabulating Syndrome Following Bilateral Thalamic and Right Putaminal Stroke." Behavioural Neurology 19, no. 3 (2008): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/693671.

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Objective: Clinical, neuropsychological, structural and functional neuroimaging results are reported in a patient who developed a unique combination of symptoms after a bi-thalamic and right putaminal stroke. The symptoms consisted of dysexecutive disturbances associated with confabulating behavior and auto-activation deficits. Background: Basal ganglia and thalamic lesions may result in a variety of motor, sensory, neuropsychological and behavioral syndromes. However, the combination of a dysexecutive syndrome complicated at the behavioral level with an auto-activation and confabulatory syndr

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Nolasco, Remirr, Neshreen Kingking, Cristina Dorado, Jay Fonte, and Meliza Dadua-Ecal. "CHOREA HYPERGLYCEMIA BASAL GANGLIA SYNDROME." Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies 37, no. 2 (2022): 40. https://doi.org/10.15605/jafes.037.afes.57.

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BACKGROUNDChorea hyperglycemia basal ganglia syndrome (C-H- BG) is a rare sequelae of acute hyperglycemia with a predilection for Asians and elderly women. Cases are often misdiagnosed with the more common intracerebral hemorrhage. The purpose of this report is to present this rare condition in a relatively young Asian male and discuss the approach to such cases. CASEA single case of C-H-BG was closely followed and recorded. A 53-year-old-male, Filipino, with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension for more than 10 years, presented with sudden onset of hyperkinetic, involuntary, non-patterne

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Sarkar, Devendra Nath, Devavrata Sarkar, AKM Zahin, MA Ohab, Md Shahin Miah, and Md Mahmudul Haque. "Fahr's Syndrom e: A rare case- Presented as Acute Ischaemic Stroke." Medicine Today 29, no. 1 (2017): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v29i1.33862.

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Fahr's syndrome refers to a rare syndrome characterized by symmetrical and bilateral intracranial calcification. We present a 65-year-old female with Fahr disease, presenting with headache with acute ischaemic stroke with left sided hemiplegia. CT scan of brain reveals irregular variable size hyperdense areas are noted in both basal ganglia regions and in both cerebellar hemisphere.Medicine Today 2017 Vol.29(1): 45-46

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Wang, Han-Cheng, and Shih-Jung Cheng. "The syndrome of acute bilateral basal ganglia lesions in diabetic uremic patients." Journal of Neurology 250, no. 8 (2003): 948–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00415-003-1122-0.

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7

Kirton, C. Adam, and Richard J. Riopelle. "Meige Syndrome Secondary to Basal Ganglia Injury: A Potential Cause of Acute Respiratory Distress." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 28, no. 2 (2001): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100052896.

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ABSTRACT:Background:Meige syndrome is a movement disorder that includes blepharospasm and oromandibular dystonias. Its etiology may be idiopathic (primary) or it may arise secondary to focal brain injury. Acute respiratory distress as a feature of such dystonias occurs infrequently. A review of the literature on Meige syndrome and the relationship between dystonias and respiratory compromise is presented.Methods:A 60-year-old woman suffered a cerebral anoxic event secondary to manual strangulation. She developed progressive blepharospasm combined with oromandibular and cervical dystonias. Neur

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8

Popescu, Cyprian. "Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury of Basal Ganglia Associated with the COVID-19 Infection: Case Report." Case Reports in Neurology 13, no. 3 (2021): 668–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000518506.

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There is emerging evidence of a broad spectrum of neurological manifestations in COVID-19 patients. We report a case of a patient diagnosed with COVID-19 who presented bilateral lesions of the basal ganglia related to a severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. This observation allows expanding the neurological spectrum of COVID-19 particularly in patients with a more severe clinical course.

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Delgado, Silvia R., Leticia Tornes, Janice Maldonado, Jeffrey Hernandez, Yesica Campos, and Kottil Rammohan. "Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome Associated with Refractory Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis." Case Reports in Neurology 8, no. 1 (2016): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000446106.

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We present the case of a young man who was transferred to our hospital with worsening acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) despite treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin and plasma exchange. He developed neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) without the use of dopamine-modulating drugs. His progressive clinical improvement started after treatment with intravenous cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone. In our patient, acute demyelination with severe bilateral inflammation of the basal ganglia could have caused a state of central dopamine depletion, cre

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10

Madadi, Shekiba, Kawsar Alami, Yudai Kaneda, and Pazhman Sediqi. "From seizures to cognitive dysfunction: A case report of Fahr syndrome in an Afghan patient." Medicine 103, no. 25 (2024): e38542. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000038542.

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Rationale: Fahr syndrome is a rare, degenerative neurological condition characterized by bilateral idiopathic calcification of the periventricular region, especially the basal ganglia. This condition is often misdiagnosed as other neurological or psychiatric disorders due to its rarity and overlapping symptoms. Patient concerns: A 34-year-old man had been experiencing seizures and cognitive dysfunction for few years, which were further compounded by slurred speech and motor difficulties as acute conditions. Diagnosis: After investigations, severe hypocalcemia, and hypoparathyroidism were detec

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Juryńczyk, Maciej, Jacek Rożniecki, Krzysztof Zaleski, and Krzysztof Selmaj. "Hypoglycemia as a trigger for the syndrome of acute bilateral basal ganglia lesions in uremia." Journal of the Neurological Sciences 297, no. 1-2 (2010): 74–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2010.07.016.

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12

Metin, KubraMehel, Ceyla Ataç, BurçEsra Şahin, and TahirKurtuluş Yoldaş. "The Syndrome of Acute Bilateral Basal Ganglia Lesions in a Patient with Diabetes Mellitus and Uremia." Neurology India 67, no. 4 (2019): 1163. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0028-3886.266236.

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13

Lin, Juei-Jueng. "Generalized chorea in the syndrome of acute bilateral basal ganglia lesions in patients with diabetic uremia." Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 18, no. 9 (2011): 1266–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2011.01.021.

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14

Wu, Min-Yang, and Yuan-Ting Sun. "Hyperintensity in Bilateral Posterior Limbs of Internal Capsule Due to Hypernatremia." Acta Neurologica Taiwanica 33, no. 3 (2024): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ant.33-3_111_0080.

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Abstract Purpose: Osmotic demyelination syndrome is usually caused by rapid correction of hyponatremia but sometimes develops from acute severe hypernatremia. Studies suggested that serum sodium increasing at the rate of <6~8 mmol/L in 24 hours has a low risk of osmotic demyelination syndrome, but sometimes exceptions present. Aside from the classical sites of involvement, such as pons and basal ganglia, internal capsules are rarely affected. We report a case with acute paraparesis caused by acute hypernatremia-induced extrapontine myelinolysis involving the posterior limbs of bilateral int

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15

Lauritzen, Nina Camilla Nordly, Yasemin Ronahi Kücük, Christina Kruuse, and Robbert-Jan Roderick van Hooff. "Delayed diagnosis of Terson syndrome at a neurorehabilitation unit." BMJ Case Reports 18, no. 4 (2025): e265623. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2025-265623.

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Terson syndrome (TS) is often overlooked in acute neurological settings, delaying diagnosis and negatively impacting neurorehabilitation. In cases of severe TS, management with vitrectomy can lead to immediate visual recovery, highlighting the importance of timely recognition. This case report presents a case of TS, diagnosed on arrival at a highly specialised neurorehabilitation centre. A male patient in his late 40s was admitted after a left-sided basal ganglia haemorrhage. Following surgical intervention for elevated intracranial pressure, he was transferred to a neurorehabilitation unit, p

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16

Gwoo, Sangeon. "A Case of the Syndrome of Acute Bilateral Basal Ganglia Lesions due to Hypoglycemia in Hemodialysis Patient." British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research 3, no. 1 (2013): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2013/2067.

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17

Kim, Taik-Kun, Sang Il Seo, Jung Hyuck Kim, Nam Joon Lee, and Hae Young Seol. "Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the syndrome of acute bilateral basal ganglia lesions in diabetic uremia." Movement Disorders 21, no. 8 (2006): 1267–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mds.20932.

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18

Nurul, Nasyifa, Billy Muchamad Ramdani, and Indra Gunawan Affandi. "Acute Hemiballismus Due to Vascular or Diabetic Striatopathy: A Rare Case Report from KHZ Musthafa General Hospital, Tasikmalaya." Magna Neurologica 3, no. 2 (2025): 99–103. https://doi.org/10.20961/magnaneurologica.v3i2.2276.

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Background: Hemiballismus is a hyperkinetic movement disorder characterized by sudden, involuntary, high-amplitude ballistic movements of the arm and leg on one side of the body, often due to contralateral central nervous system dysfunction. The most common causes are ischemic stroke and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome. Stroke-related movement disorders are rare, with an incidence of 0.4%–0.54%, while the prevalence of hyperglycemia-induced, known as diabetic striatopathy (DS), affects approximately 1 in 100,000 individuals, predominantly older women. Case: A 63-year-old male presented wit

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Hu, Xinxing, and Meihong Liu. "Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome of pregnancy with acute massive cerebral infarction: A case report." Medicine 103, no. 50 (2024): e40829. https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000040829.

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Rationale: Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome (CAPS) is the most serious type of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) and can be easily confused with other disorders, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation and thrombocytopenia syndromes. Timely diagnosis of CAPS poses considerable challenges due to its rarity and the fact that clinicians often lack knowledge of the disease. Patient concerns: A 21-year-old patient was 32 weeks and 5 days pregnant when she presented to the hospital with a 7-hour history of sudden onset of left-sided limb weakness with n

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20

Vidanagamage, Anomali S., Sujatha Pathirage, Amila Chandrakumara, Anil De Silva, and Arjuna Fernando. "Stroke and Guillain-Barre syndrome secondary to spotted fever –A case report." Sri Lanka Journal of Neurology 11, no. 1 (2024): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljon.v11i1.161.

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Rickettsial infection is an important differential diagnosis in prolonged febrile illness and in returned travellers.We report a 44-year-old male from Deraniyagala, Sri Lanka, with spotted fever Rickettsiosis presenting with stroke and Guillain-Barre syndrome. He presented with dysarthria, reduced sensorium, and acute renal failure on the background of a prolonged febrile illness over two weeks. Following admission there was rapid deterioration of consciousness due to renal failure requiring intubation and repeated haemodialysis. On brain imaging, there were bilateral basal ganglia and interna

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Chen, Pei-Yun, and Han-Cheng Wang. "Unstable blood sugar levels as triggers for the syndrome of acute bilateral basal ganglia lesions in diabetic uremia: Two Taiwanese patients with unusual neuroimaging findings." eNeurologicalSci 14 (March 2019): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ensci.2019.01.008.

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Fatema, Kanij, and Farah Naz Dola. "Pediatric Mitochondrial Disease: Experience from A Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Child Health 47, no. 2 (2024): 65–71. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v47i2.77653.

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Background: Mitochondrial diseases are rare group of heterogeneous, genetically determined disorders that affect multiple organs with variable severity due to the dysfunction of mitochondria. They usually present with acute or chronic features with intermittent decompensation. The common features are neuro-regression, hypotonia, failure to thrive, stroke, seizures, myopathy, cardiomyopathy, deafness, blindness, movement disorder, lactic acidosis etc. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, neuroimaging and genetic analysis of mitochondrial diseases. Methodology: This retrospective

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Sutantoyo, Felisitas Farica, and Paulus Sugianto. "Secondary Fahr’s disease: A differential to be considered in a COVID-19 pneumonia patient with neuropsychiatric presentations." Romanian Journal of Neurology 20, no. 4 (2021): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjn.2021.4.17.

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Background, aim. Fahr’s disease is a rare neurodegenerative disease caused by intracranial classifications. This case report aims to accentuate the importance of considering rare disease like Fahr’s disease as the differential diagnosis of neuropsychiatric deficits, especially in patients with a history of thyroidectomy. Case presentation. A 50-year-old female who underwent thyroidectomy 5 years previously presented with incoherent speech, behavioral problems, and hand stiffness. On evaluation, several neurobehavioral deficits and carpopedal spasms were observed, along with low Mini-Mental Sta

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Phanthok, Tenzing, Tiffany Yori, and Sonal Malhotra. "1149 Unravelling the Mysteries of Pediatric Central Sleep Apnea (CSA): A Unique Case Report." SLEEP 47, Supplement_1 (2024): A492—A493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsae067.01149.

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Abstract Introduction CSA in pediatric patients is characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep that result from a lack of drive to breathe. It is estimated to be about 10% of all pediatric sleep-disordered breathing cases. The most common type is primary, also known as idiopathic CSA, unrelated to another medical cause. Other causes include, CSA of prematurity, CSA in certain medical conditions such as congenital heart defects or neurological disorders, and CSA related to medications. We report a case of CSA in the setting of an acute neurological impairment secondary to atypical hemolyt

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Chepuri, Venkata Ravikumar, and Himabindu Panta. "A case of Fahr's syndrome with rare atypical presentation as hemiplegia." Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU 05, no. 04 (2015): 077–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1703939.

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AbstractCalcification of basal ganglia or Fahr's disease is a rare disease characterized by bilateral and symmetrical intracranial deposition of calcium mainly in cerebral basal ganglia. Basal ganglia calcification secondary to endocrinological cause is known as Fahr's syndrome. Motor and neuropsychiatric symptoms are prominent features. We report a case presented with hemiplegia without any psychiatric symptoms. Radiological findings were suggestive of bilateral calcification of cerebellar hemispheres and basal ganglia. Parathyroid hormone levels were low with no significant findings in other

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Baya Chatti, A., S. Skhiri, A. Guiga, W. Ben Yahia, A. Atig, and N. Ghannouchi. "AB0585 NEURO-BEHÇET’S DISEASE: A TUNISIAN EXPERIENCE." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (2022): 1418–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2408.

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BackgroundBehçet’s disease (BD) is a systemic inflammatory vasculitis with a wide range of manifestations including neurological involvement. Though neuro-Behçet’s disease (NBD) is relatively uncommon, it encompasses some of the most serious manifestations of BD. Its diagnosis can be challenging, as there is no specific diagnostic test.ObjectivesOur study aimed to describe epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical characteristics of BD, and compare them between patients with and without NBD.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study, including all patients meeting the revised international stu

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SILVA, Rodrigo Alencar e., Thadeu Alexandre Paulino DE SOUSA, and Clécio GODEIRO-JUNIOR. "Acute parkinsonism and bilateral basal ganglia lesions." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 78, no. 12 (2020): 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20200103.

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Lopez-Rodriguez, Faustino, Ibrahim Gunay, and Nancy Glaser. "Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in a Woman with Left Basal Ganglia Infarct: A Case Report." Behavioural Neurology 10, no. 2-3 (1997): 101–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1997/309471.

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This report presents a syndrome resembling obsessive convulsive disorder (OCD) secondary to a stroke in the left basal ganglia. The patient's syndrome is virtually identical to those that have been described in bilateral damage of the basal ganglia. However, the stroke described in this case report is located unilaterally in the left basal ganglia. In addition, experience in treating a patient with OCD induced by structural damage of basal ganglia is presented.

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Hajar, Dr Khaoulani, Dr Chaimae Jeddi, Amenzouy Amenzouy, et al. "Fahr Syndrome and Psychosis: Clinical Case." SAS Journal of Surgery 10, no. 10 (2024): 1141–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sasjs.2024.v10i10.010.

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Fahr syndrome is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by bilateral, symmetrical calcification of the basal ganglia and gray matter. We present the case of a 27-year-old woman who presented to the emergency department with febrile consciousness disturbance. Brain CT revealed extensive, bilateral, symmetrical calcifications of the basal ganglia and cerebellum. A rare syndrome, Fahr syndrome should be kept in mind and appropriate symptomatic treatment should be applied in order to stop progression and improve symptoms and clinical signs.

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Akıncı, Tuba, Huzeyfe Köklü, Cenk Murat Ünverdi, and Yılmaz Çetinkaya. "A rare presentiation of uremia: akathisia." Academic Journal of Neurology and Neurosurgery 1, no. 3 (2024): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.51271/ajnn-0015.

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Acute movement disorders associated with bilateral basal ganglia lesions are becoming more common in patients with diabetes and uremia. Pathophysiology is not fully known, although it is believed to be complex, with ischemic/microvascular as well as metabolic/toxic variables influencing lesions and symptoms. We have reported here a uremic diabetic patient who has sudden developed severe akathisia, in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed bilateral symmetric basal ganglia lesions with regression at follow-up. A condition linked with acute bilateral basal ganglia lesions in diabetic uremic ind

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Westover, M. Brandon, and Adam B. Cohen. "Reversible Vasoconstriction Syndrome with Bilateral Basal Ganglia Hemorrhages." Journal of Neuroimaging 23, no. 1 (2011): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6569.2011.00645.x.

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Bhaumik, S., M. Behari, and G. K. Ahuja. "Bilateral basal ganglia lucencies following acute febrile illness." Indian Journal of Pediatrics 63, no. 4 (1996): 557–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02905734.

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33

Fu, Yue, Quan Zhang, Chunshui Yu, et al. "Longitudinal Assessment of Motor Recovery of Contralateral Hand after Basal Ganglia Infarction Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7403795.

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We used functional fMRI to study the brain activation during active finger movements at different time points during the recovery phase following basal ganglia infarction. Four hemiplegic patients with basal ganglia infarction were serially evaluated at different time points spanning the acute and chronic phase using fMRI. To evaluate motor recovery, the patients were asked to perform functional tasks arranged in a block design manner with their hand. On follow-up (chronic phase), three patients achieved significant recovery of motor function of affected limbs. Activation of bilateral sensorim

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Lim, CC Tchoyoson. "Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Bilateral Basal Ganglia Lesions." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 38, no. 9 (2009): 795–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v38n9p795.

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Introduction: Radiologists may encounter bilaterally symmetrical abnormalities of the basal ganglia on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), typically in the context of diffuse systemic, toxic or metabolic diseases. A systematic approach and broad knowledge of pathology causing this uncommon group of conditions would be useful. Materials and Methods: This review uses illustrative images to highlight metabolic conditions, such as Leigh’s syndrome, citrullinaemia, hypoglycaemia or carbon monoxide poisoning, as well as other causes of bilateral basal ganglia lesions such as osmotic myelinolysis, deep

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Gilbert Sterling Octavius, Theo Audi Yanto, Nicholas Gabriel H.R., Eka Julianta Wahjoepramono, and Harsan. "Findings of Fahr’s Syndrome in A Patient Suspected With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Evidence-Based Case Report." SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal 1, no. 2 (2019): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/scripta.v1i2.1244.

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ABSTRACT Fahr’s syndrome is an entity where there is symmetrical bilateral calcification of basal ganglia with parkinsonian and psychiatric symptoms. However, due to its rarity, clinicians tend not to include Fahr’s syndrome in their differential diagnosis. This article aims to raise awareness about the diagnosis of Fahr’s Syndrome through its unique presentation in this patient. Data was obtained primarily and secondarily. In this case, a 32 years old male was referred to our clinic with chief complaints of headache since a week prior and a seizure 5 days ago. A head CT and a CT angiogr

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Bogdanova, D., I. Milanov, and D. Georgiev. "Parkinsonian Syndrome as a Neurological Manifestation of Behcet's Disease." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 25, no. 1 (1998): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0317167100033552.

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ABSTRACT:Background:The central nervous system is often involved in Behcet's disease. Most common are meningoencephalitic and brain stem syndromes. Although basal ganglia involvement is not an uncommon finding on necropsy, there are only single reports on extrapyramidal syndromes-dyskinesia, chorea and Parkinsonism in patients with Behcet's disease.Case study:We report a patient fulfilling the criteria of the International Study Group for Behcet's disease. He had recurrent oral ulcerations, bilateral posterior uveitis and retinal vasculitis, skin papules and pustules, and recurrent monoarthrit

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Dale, Russell C., and Fabienne Brilot. "Autoimmune Basal Ganglia Disorders." Journal of Child Neurology 27, no. 11 (2012): 1470–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883073812451327.

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The basal ganglia are deep nuclei in the brain that include the caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, and substantia nigra. Pathological processes involving the basal ganglia often result in disorders of movement and behavior. A number of different autoimmune disorders predominantly involve the basal ganglia and can result in movement and psychiatric disorders. The classic basal ganglia autoimmune disorder is Sydenham chorea, a poststreptococcal neuropsychiatric disorder. Resurgence in the interest in Sydenham chorea is the result of the descriptions of other poststreptococcal neuropsychiatric di

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Ashrafi, Mahmoud Reza, Meysam Mohseni, Shahrooz Yazdani, et al. "Bilateral basal ganglia involvement in a patient with Griscelli syndrome." European Journal of Paediatric Neurology 10, no. 4 (2006): 207–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpn.2006.07.005.

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Bouktib, Y., K. Elhadri, B. Boutakioute, M. Ouali El Idrissi, and N. CherifIdrissi El Ganouni. "Fahr's Syndrome- An Interesting Case Presentation." Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports 10, no. 6 (2021): 621–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2021.v09i06.002.

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Idiopathic basal ganglia calcification (IBGC), commonly referred to as Fahr’s disease, is a rare neurological disorder characterized by the abnormal, symmetrical, and bilateral calcification of the basal ganglia and other brain regions. Patients typically present in their forties and fifties with various neurologic and/or psychiatric symptoms, including movement disorders, Parkinsonism, psychosis, and depression. The pathophysiology of this disease is not completely understood; however, several gene mutations have been identified in the pathogenesis of Fahr’s disease. These mutations display a

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Wang, Han‐Cheng, Peter Brown, and Andrew J. Lees. "Acute movement disorders with bilateral basal ganglia lesions in uremia." Movement Disorders 13, no. 6 (1998): 952–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mds.870130615.

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Salimata, DIALLO, BAGAYOKO Cheick Oumar, COULIBALY Awa, et al. "Ischemic Stroke Revealing Fahr Syndrome." Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports 11, no. 06 (2023): 1224–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjmcr.2023.v11i06.047.

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Fahr's syndrome is a rare anatomoclinical entity, characterized by bilateral and symmetrical intracerebral calcifications of the basal ganglia, generally difficult to suspect clinically because it can remain asymptomatic or result in polymorphic neurological manifestations. We report a case of Farh syndrome revealed after a cerebral infarction in the Neurology department of the CHU Gabriel Touré.

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Goraya, Jatinder Singh, Shivankshi Berry, Kavita Saggar, and Archana Ahluwalia. "Stroke After Minor Head Trauma in Infants and Young Children With Basal Ganglia Calcification: A Lenticulostriate Vasculopathy?" Journal of Child Neurology 33, no. 2 (2018): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0883073817750501.

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The authors retrospectively reviewed charts of the children with basal ganglia stroke who either had preceding minor head injury or showed basal ganglia calcification on computed tomography (CT) scan. Twenty children, 14 boys and 6 girls were identified. Eighteen were aged between 7 months to 17 months. Presentation was with hemiparesis in 17 and seizures in 3. Preceding minor head trauma was noted in 18. Family history was positive in 1 case. Bilateral basal ganglia calcification on CT scan was noted in 18. Brain magnetic resonance imaging done in 18 infants showed acute or chronic infarcts i

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Eqbal, Shadma, Rakhi Kusumesh, and Pinki Kumari. "Bilateral cataract in Fahr’s syndrome: A rare case presentation." Indian Journal of Ophthalmology - Case Reports 4, no. 1 (2024): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijo.ijo_635_23.

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Fahr’s syndrome refers to a rare syndrome characterized by symmetrical and bilateral intracranial calcification. A 17-year-old female presented with bilateral diminution of vision. The patient had a history of dystonia with distal limbs involvement. An ocular examination revealed a bilateral cataractous lens. CT scan of the brain and orbit revealed bilateral, large area of bilateral calcification over the thalamus, basal ganglia, subcortical white matter, dentate, and cerebellar hemisphere. The secondary causes of bilateral calcification were excluded to make the clinical diagnosis of idiopath

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Widiada, Putu Amanda, and Made Ratna Saraswati. "A patient with suspect of Fahr syndrome caused by secondary hypoparathyroid after total thyroidectomy." Indonesia Journal of Biomedical Science 17, no. 2 (2023): 295–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/ijbs.v17i2.516.

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Background: Hypoparathyroid is an endocrine disorder that is characterized by hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia due to insufficient secretion of parathyroid hormone. Mostly, this disease is secondary caused by neck surgery and it is responsible for almost all cases of hypoparathyroid. Parathyroid hormones responsibles for maintaining homeostasis of calcium. Fahr syndrome is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by bilateral basal ganglia calcification that is caused by endocrine disorder such as hypoparathyroid. Case Presentation: In this case report, we reported a 70 years old woman wit

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Khoreva, M. A., and I. V. Smagina. "Basal Ganglia Calcification. Aetiopathogenesis, Diagnostics, Clinical Manifestations." Russian neurological journal 25, no. 4 (2020): 4–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30629/2658-7947-2020-25-4-4-13.

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Fahr disease is a rare hereditary or sporadic neurological condition characterized by bilateral calcium deposition in the basal ganglia, dentate nuclei of cerebellum, and subcortical white matter. We can also distinguish Farh syndrome when its etiology is associated with the disorder of calcium metabolism, mitochondriopathies, cerebrum neoplasms, infections, inflammatory diseases of the nervous system, and injuries. The most common manifestations in patients with calcification of the basal ganglia of cerebrum are neurological and/or psychiatric disorders of varying severity. The clinical manif

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Jin, Sun Jin, Jongwoo Lee, and Ji-Yong Lee. "Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Presenting with Bilateral Basal Ganglia Lesions." Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 40, no. 1 (2022): 87–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17340/jkna.2022.1.18.

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Niu, Bing, Zhenzhen Zou, Yuqin Shen, and Bingzhen Cao. "A case report of Sjögren syndrome manifesting bilateral basal ganglia lesions." Medicine 96, no. 17 (2017): e6715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000006715.

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Ahuja, Chirag Kamal, Mukesh Kumar Yadav, and Niranjan Khandelwal. "Mystery Case: Syndrome of bilateral basal ganglia lesions in uremic encephalopathy." Neurology 86, no. 17 (2016): e182-e183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000002602.

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Ravid, Sarit, Leon Topper, and Lydia Eviatar. "Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy Presenting as a Basal Ganglia Syndrome." Journal Of Child Neurology 16, no. 06 (2001): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/7010.2001.7184.

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Ravid, Sarit, Leon Topper, and Lydia Eviatar. "Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy Presenting as a Basal Ganglia Syndrome." Journal of Child Neurology 16, no. 6 (2001): 461–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/088307380101600618.

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