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1

El-Harbawi, Mohanad. "Toxicity Measurement of Imidazolium Ionic Liquids Using Acute Toxicity Test." Procedia Chemistry 9 (2014): 40–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proche.2014.05.006.

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OKOMODA, Victor T., Shola G. SOLOMON, Gabriel A. ATAGUBA, Victoria O. AYUBA, and Pius F. ASUWAJU. "ACUTE TOXICITY TEST IN AQUACULTURE: A REVIEW." Banat's Journal of Biotechnology IV, no. 08 (2013): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7904/2068-4738-iv(08)-59.

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3

Shui, Guo Hong, and Dong Wei Li. "Acute Toxicity Test on Old Smelting Slag." Advanced Materials Research 160-162 (November 2010): 1564–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.160-162.1564.

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The total amount of heavy metal in Ming and Qing dynasties smelted residue was analyzed. Also leaching solution’s acute toxicity of heavy metal in waste residue was discussed.The results showed that the residual quantity of heavy metal(zinc and plumbum) in residue was up to 6.97%. After several hundred years of lixiviation by rainwater, heavy metal (zinc and plumbum) which had released to circumstance was more than 1.71%.Heavy metal in ancient leaching has declined and Residue in Zn is only a very small part of the leaching, Pb leaching below the detection limit ,Cr, and Cd there was leachingo
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4

Maurice, David, and Tejinder Singh. "A permeability test for acute corneal toxicity." Toxicology Letters 31, no. 2 (1986): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-4274(86)90005-6.

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5

Longobardi, C., V. Pacelli, and A. Argentino Storino. "165 Acute toxicity: Alternatives to the LD50 test." Toxicology Letters 144 (September 2003): s47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(03)90164-0.

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6

Weltje, Lennart. "THE CHIRONOMID ACUTE TOXICITY TEST: DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW TEST SYSTEM." Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management preprint, no. 2009 (2007): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/ieam_2009-069.1.

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7

Lee, Chan-Won, Jae-Young Ryu, and Kyeong-Won Lim. "Acute Toxicity Test of Agricultural Chemicals to Water Fleas." Journal of Environmental Science International 16, no. 1 (2007): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5322/jes.2007.16.1.055.

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8

Usui, Kimihito, Satoshi Nishida, Takuya Sugita, et al. "Acute oral toxicity test of chemical compounds in silkworms." Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics 10, no. 1 (2016): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5582/ddt.2016.01025.

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9

Nomura, T. "Cytotoxicity test for evaluation for acute toxicity of chemicals." SANGYO EISEIGAKU ZASSHI 40, Special (1998): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1539/sangyoeisei.kj00001990325.

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10

Bulus Rossini, Gustavo D., and Alicia E. Ronco. "Acute toxicity bioassay usingDaphnia obtusa as a test organism." Environmental Toxicology and Water Quality 11, no. 3 (1996): 255–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2256(1996)11:3<255::aid-tox11>3.0.co;2-a.

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11

Zhang, Yue, Tingting Ren, Junhui He, Hua Tian, and Binbin Jin. "Acute heavy metal toxicity test based on bacteria-hydrogel." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 563 (February 2019): 318–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.12.016.

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12

Verma, Yogendra. "Toxicity assessment of dye containing industrial effluents by acute toxicity test usingDaphnia magna." Toxicology and Industrial Health 27, no. 1 (2010): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233710380218.

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13

Bayu Kartikasari, Ika, A. Yulianto, and A. Asmarany. "Whole Effluent Toxicity (WET) Test On Microalgae Reactor and Acute Toxicity on Daphnia sp." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 852 (July 21, 2020): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/852/1/012009.

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14

Lee, Jungyun, YoungJin Kang, and Hong Kim. "The Verify of Environmental Toxicity of Foam Extinguishing Agents by Fish-Acute Toxicity Test." Journal of the Korean Society of Safety 30, no. 4 (2015): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14346/jkosos.2015.30.4.51.

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15

Srinivasa Rao, Boddapati, C. V. Chandrasekaran, H. S. Srikanth, et al. "Mutagenicity and Acute Oral Toxicity Test for Herbal Poultry Feed Supplements." Journal of Toxicology 2018 (2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9412167.

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Herbal products are being used and trusted globally for thousands of years for their health benefits and limited side effects. Globally, a general belief amongst the consumers is that herbal supplements are always safe because they are “natural.” But later, research reveals that they may not be safe. This raises concern on their safety and implications for their use as feed supplement or medicine. Toxicity testing can reveal some of the risks that may be associated with use of herbs, therefore avoiding potential harmful effects. The present study was designed to investigate five poultry feed s
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16

Ioele, Giuseppina, Michele De Luca, and Gaetano Ragno. "Acute Toxicity of Antibiotics in Surface Waters by Bioluminescence Test." Current Pharmaceutical Analysis 12, no. 3 (2016): 220–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573412912666151110204041.

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17

Blaauboer, Bas J. "An in vitro test strategy for predicting human acute toxicity." Toxicology Letters 189 (September 2009): S37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.06.141.

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18

B.P., KUZMINOV, MATYSIK S.I., ZAZULIAK T.S., and MYKYTCHAK T.I. "Evaluation of antral hepatoprotector acute toxicity in alternative test-systems." Environment & Health, no. 2(78) (June 2016): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32402/dovkil2016.02.043.

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19

Bitton, Gabriel, Kimberly Rhodes, and Ben Koopman. "Ceriofast™: An acute toxicity test based onCeriodaphnia dubiafeeding behavior." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 15, no. 2 (1996): 123–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620150208.

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20

Na??cz-Jawecki, Grzegorz. "Spirotox?Spirostomum ambiguum acute toxicity test?10 years of experience." Environmental Toxicology 19, no. 4 (2004): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tox.20023.

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21

Jager, Tjalling. "Reconsidering sufficient and optimal test design in acute toxicity testing." Ecotoxicology 23, no. 1 (2013): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10646-013-1149-7.

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22

Faraponova, Olga, Elisabetta Giacco, Francesca Biandolino, et al. "Tigriopus fulvus: The interlaboratory comparison of the acute toxicity test." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 124 (February 2016): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.10.013.

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23

Harter, V. L., and R. A. Mattews. "Acute and Chronic Toxicity Test Methods for Nematostella vectensis Stephenson." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 74, no. 5 (2005): 830–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-005-0656-5.

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24

Wu, Yun, Yuanyuan Qiang, Guangxian Zhang, and Maojun Zhou. "Acute toxicity and micronucleus test of conotoxin lt14a in mice." Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology 129, no. 1 (2021): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bcpt.13582.

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25

Lim, Hye Ryeon, Hyun Sook Baek, Mi Hee Lee, Yeon I. Woo, Tek Hyung Lee, and Jong Chul Park. "Toxicity Test of Wound Covering Material on Animals." Key Engineering Materials 342-343 (July 2007): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.342-343.81.

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Adhesions are abnormal attachments between tissues, caused by an inflammatory stimulus or trauma. It was generally used physical barriers and various agents to prevent from adhesions formation. In this study, we made an experiment on animals with wound covering material of substance to prevent tissue adhesion. It was performed in sub-acute toxicity, and tested local effects after implantation.
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26

Clemedson, Cecilia, Elisabeth McFarlane-Abdulla, Marianne Andersson, et al. "MEIC Evaluation of Acute Systemic Toxicity." Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 24, no. 1_part_1 (1996): 251–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119299602400102.1.

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The multicentre evaluation of in vitro cytotoxicity (MEIC) study is a programme designed to evaluate the relevance of in vitro toxicity tests for predicting human toxicity, and is organised by the Scandinavian Society for Cell Toxicology. The project started in 1989 and is scheduled to be finished by June 1996. MEIC is a voluntary effort by international laboratories to test the same 50 reference chemicals in their own in vitro toxicity systems. At present, 31 laboratories have submitted results for the first 30 reference chemicals from a total of 68 in vitro cytotoxicity tests. In the definit
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27

Sohn, Eun Kyung, Seyed Ali Johari, Tae Gyu Kim, et al. "Aquatic Toxicity Comparison of Silver Nanoparticles and Silver Nanowires." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/893049.

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To better understand the potential ecotoxicological impact of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver nanowires (AgNWs) released into freshwater environments, the toxicities of these nanomaterials were assessed and compared using Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) test guidelines, including a “Daphniasp., acute immobilization test,” “Fish, acute toxicity test,” and “freshwater alga and cyanobacteria, growth inhibition test.” Based on the estimated median lethal/effective concentrations of AgNPs and AgNWs, the susceptibility to the nanomaterials was different among tes
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28

Lebedeva, S. N., O. S. Ochirov, M. N. Grigoryeva, S. D. Zhamsaranova, S. A. Stelmakh, and D. M. Mognonov. "Acute Toxicity of Hydrogel Polyhexamethylene Guanidine Hydrochloride." Acta Biomedica Scientifica 5, no. 4 (2020): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.29413/abs.2020-5.4.15.

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Background. Previously, we have shown that the polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride hydrogel exhibits a pronounced wound healing. At the same time, no studies of the toxic effect of the hydrogel on animals have been conducted. Aim of the research. In the framework of this work, the acute toxicity of the hydrogel polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride was studied in laboratory animals with intragastric administration. Materials and methods. The polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride hydrogel was obtained by crosslinking the amino end groups with formaldehyde. An acute toxicity study
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29

Seibert, Hasso, Michael Gulden, Marike Kolossa, and Gabi Schepers. "Evaluation of the Relevance of Selected In Vitro Toxicity Test Systems for Acute Systemic Toxicity." Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 20, no. 2 (1992): 240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119299202000211.

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Progress in the implementation of in vitro methods in testing procedures for non-genetic toxicity is limited by poor or missing validation of the various approaches. Many efforts have focused on determinations of general cytotoxicity in vitro using proliferating, non-differentiated cell lines. The aim of our present studies is to evaluate the relevance to acute systemic toxicity of three in vitro systems using differentiated mammalian cells (bovine spermatozoa, primary cultured rat hepatocytes, primary cultured rat skeletal muscle cells) and also one in vitro system which uses a continuous cel
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30

Basallote, M. Dolores, Manoela R. De Orte, T. Ángel DelValls, and Inmaculada Riba. "Studying the Effect of CO2-Induced Acidification on Sediment Toxicity Using Acute Amphipod Toxicity Test." Environmental Science & Technology 48, no. 15 (2014): 8864–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es5015373.

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31

Powell, Rebecca L., E. Michelle Moser, Richard A. Kimerle, David E. Mckenzie, and Michael Mckee. "Use of a Miniaturized Test System for Determining Acute Toxicity of Toxicity Identification Evaluation Fractions." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 35, no. 1 (1996): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/eesa.1996.0075.

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32

Klüver, Nils, Carolina Vogs, Rolf Altenburger, Beate I. Escher, and Stefan Scholz. "Development of a general baseline toxicity QSAR model for the fish embryo acute toxicity test." Chemosphere 164 (December 2016): 164–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.079.

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33

Pauluhn, Jürgen. "Mosquito coil smoke inhalation toxicity. Part I: Validation of test approach and acute inhalation toxicity." Journal of Applied Toxicology 26, no. 3 (2006): 269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jat.1140.

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34

Kalčíková, Gabriela, Jana Zagorc-Končan, and Andreja Žgajnar Gotvajn. "Artemia salina acute immobilization test: a possible tool for aquatic ecotoxicity assessment." Water Science and Technology 66, no. 4 (2012): 903–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.271.

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Despite the fact that the marine crustacean Artemia salina is extensively used in ecotoxicology, there is still a lack of information about its sensitivity to commonly used chemicals. In the presented study, acute toxicity of 18 commonly used chemicals – including organic solvents, industrial chemicals, metals and inorganic compounds – to A. salina was evaluated. A. salina showed a range of sensitivities to tested chemicals. Regarding all of the investigated organics, phenolic compounds expressed the highest toxicity to A. salina. Nitrite and mercury were the most toxic inorganic substances ap
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35

Clemedson, Cecilia, Elisabeth McFarlane-Abdulla, Marianne Andersson, et al. "MEIC Evaluation of Acute Systemic Toxicity." Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 24, no. 1_part_1 (1996): 273–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119299602400103.1.

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Results from tests of the first 30 MEIC reference chemicals in 68 different toxicity assays are presented as a prerequisite to subsequent in vitro/in vivo comparisons of acute toxicity data. A comparative cytotoxicity study was also carried out. Firstly, the variability of all of the results was analysed by using principal components analysis (PCA), analyses of variance (ANOVAs) and pairwise comparisons of means according to Tukey's method. The first PCA component described 80% of the variance of all of the cytotoxicity data. Tukey's ANOVA indicated a similar sensitivity for the assays, of app
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36

Adnan, Nur Adila, Mohd Izuan Effendi Halmi, Siti Salwa Abd Gani, Uswatun Hasanah Zaidan, and Mohd Yunus Abd Shukor. "Comparison of Joint Effect of Acute and Chronic Toxicity for Combined Assessment of Heavy Metals on Photobacterium sp.NAA-MIE." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 12 (2021): 6644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18126644.

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Predicting the crucial effect of single metal pollutants against the aquatic ecosystem has been highly debatable for decades. However, dealing with complex metal mixtures management in toxicological studies creates a challenge, as heavy metals may evoke greater toxicity on interactions with other constituents rather than individually low acting concentrations. Moreover, the toxicity mechanisms are different between short term and long term exposure of the metal toxicant. In this study, acute and chronic toxicity based on luminescence inhibition assay using newly isolated Photobacterium sp.NAA-
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37

Kasmara, Hikmat, Desti Pratiwi, Sundoro Yoga Azhary, Eko Sulistyo, Camellia Panatarani, and I. Made Joni. "Acute Toxicity Investigation of Landfill Leachates Treated with Fine Bubbles." Advanced Engineering Forum 41 (July 7, 2021): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.41.55.

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Landfill Leachates is one of the pollutants containing high organic matter and heavy metal which can cause toxic pollution to water due to less than optimal leachate processing. This study aims to introduce fine bubbles treatment to the leachate processing technology at the waste treatment facility at Sarimukti, West Java Indonesia. The toxicity test was conducted in the acute toxicity test and test for D. magna. The acute toxicity test was carried out using a static biological test according to APHA standards (1995). The LC50-48 hours ware calculates using the Finney Probit Analysis Software.
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38

Dang, ZhiChao, Leo T. M. van der Ven, and Anne S. Kienhuis. "Fish embryo toxicity test, threshold approach, and moribund as approaches to implement 3R principles to the acute fish toxicity test." Chemosphere 186 (November 2017): 677–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.047.

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39

Rosenkranz, Herbert S., and Albert R. Cunningham. "Lack of Predictivity of the Rat Lethality (LD50) Test for Ecological and Human Health Effects." Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 33, no. 1 (2005): 9–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119290503300104.

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The relationship between acute toxicity in rats (LD50 values) and indicators of potential health hazards in humans was investigated, based on a chemical population-based paradigm (i.e. the “chemical diversity approach”). These structure–activity relationship-based analyses indicate that high toxicity in rats (i.e. a low LD50 value) is not a good predictor of health effects in humans. In fact, it was found that high acute toxicity to minnows, as well as toxicity to cultured cells, showed significantly greater associations with the potential for health effects than rat LD50 values.
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40

Lin, George H. Y., and Robert Mermelstein. "Acute Toxicity Studies of Xerox Reprographic Toners." Journal of the American College of Toxicology 13, no. 1 (1994): 2–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10915819409140650.

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Typical reprographic toners consist of a thermoplastic polymer or polymers as the major component, a colorant or colorants (carbon black or color pigments), and small quantities of additives such as charge control and/or lubricating/release agents. Another type of toner contains iron oxides and polymers) as the major components. As a complement to the recently published Xerox chronic inhalation studies of toners, we are reporting the acute toxicity studies of some typical Xerox toners. The studies include acute oral toxicity in rats, acute dermal toxicity in rabbits, acute inhalation toxicity
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41

Henry, Mary C. "USEPA Efforts in Harmonization of Acute Toxicity Test Guidelines with OECD." Journal of the American College of Toxicology 11, no. 3 (1992): 285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10915819209141863.

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The USEPA, as a member of the OECD, is involved in the review of OECD guidelines and OECD's plans for revisions. The guidelines reviewed to date include: acute oral toxicity, eye and dermal irritation/corrosion, and skin sensitization. The revisions to the guidelines have emphasized reductions in animal usage in lab testing, and refinements which reduce/eliminate pain and suffering of animals. Screening methods, such as use of structure-activity relationships and physicochemical properties of test substances, which would eliminate chemicals that did not require animal testing, or sharply reduc
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42

HATANAKA, Yoshiro, Osamu KOBAYASHI, Masataka HIGASHIHARA, Keiichiro HIYAMA, and Kiyoharu OKU. "Application of a Motion Analysis System to the Acute Toxicity Test." Journal of Japan Society on Water Environment 17, no. 1 (1994): 60–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2965/jswe.17.60.

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43

Mancuso, Luisa, and Giacomo Cao. "Acute toxicity test of CuO nanoparticles using human mesenchymal stem cells." Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods 24, no. 7 (2014): 449–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15376516.2014.928920.

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44

Leszczyñska, Malgorzata, and Jan A. Oleszkiewic. "Application of the Fluoresceine Diacetate Hydrolysis as an Acute Toxicity Test." Environmental Technology 17, no. 1 (1996): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593331708616363.

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45

Widiastuti, I. M., A. M. S. Hertika, M. Musa, and D. Arfiati. "Acute toxicity test and LC50 value of mercury on tubifex tubifex." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1242 (June 2019): 012040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1242/1/012040.

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46

Alyuruk, Hakan, Güleser K. Demir, and Levent Cavas. "A video tracking based improvement of acute toxicity test onArtemia salina." Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology 46, no. 4 (2013): 251–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2013.814224.

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47

Echols, Brandi S., A. Smith, P. Gardinali, and G. Rand. "An Evaluation of Select Test Variables Potentially Affecting Acute Oil Toxicity." Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 70, no. 2 (2015): 392–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00244-015-0228-6.

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48

Juliani, Any, Suphia Rahmawati, Alferina Julinda Grazella, Andik Yulianto, and Anja Asmarani. "Toxicity Analysis of Effluent of Leachate Treatment Facility of Piyungan Landfill Using Cyprinus carpio." MATEC Web of Conferences 280 (2019): 03008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928003008.

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Following regulation, Leachate Treatment Facility (LTF) wasbuilt in Piyungan landfill to reduce its negative impact to the environment. The effluent from this LTF is regularly monitored to check its compliancewith government standard. However, the standard does not fully addressthe effect of combined components in a particular wastewater on livingorganism. Hence, it is necessary to conduct toxicity test to fill this gap. This study was aimed to analyze the acute toxicity status of leachate preand post-treatment from leachate treatment facility of Piyungan Landfill. The method used for the test
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49

Yanru, Sun, Shen Zhenhuang, Jia Zhe, and Miao Xiaoqing. "Safety Evaluation of an Apitherapy Formulation, Bao-Yuan-Ling: Acute and Sub-acute Oral Toxicity in Wistar Rats." Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research 17, no. 1 (2017): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37290/ctnr2641-452x.17:85-92.

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Bao-Yuan-Ling (BYL) is an apitherapy formulation which is composed of royal jelly, propolis and bee venom. Cardioprotective effects of BYL has been demonstrated, while the toxicity of BYL was not clear. In this study, acute and sub-acute toxicity test of BYL was processed following Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 423 and OECD 407, respectively, in Wistar rats. In acute toxicity test, rats were orally treated with BYL at the single dose of 2000 mg/kg and 5000 mg/kg. No death occurred in the acute toxicity test for 7 days, which indicated the lethal dose 50% value e
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50

Clemedson, Cecilia, Frank A. Barile, Barbro Ekwall, et al. "MEIC Evaluation of Acute Systemic Toxicity." Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 26, no. 1_suppl (1998): 93–129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119299802601s02.

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Results from tests on the first 30 MEIC reference chemicals in 16 different systems are presented as a prerequisite to the subsequent in vitro/in vivo comparisons of acute toxicity data, i.e. the final MEIC evaluation of all test results of the study. The study is a supplement to the previously published results from 68 methods (including methods 45B and 46B [old numbers]) used to test the same set of chemicals. The strategies and methods of the preceding paper were employed to enable a comparative cytotoxicity analysis of the results from these 68 methods and from the 16 new methods to be mad
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