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Reinhardt, Timm. "New home, new life: The effect of shifts in the habitat choice of salamander larvae on population performance and their effect on pond invertebrate communities." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-157607.
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Changes of habitats are amongst the main drivers of evolutionary processes. Corresponding shifts in the behaviour and life history traits of species might in turn also alter ecosystem attributes. The reproduction of Western European fire salamanders (Salamandra salamandra), in small pond habitats instead of first order streams, is one example of a recent local adaptation. Since fire salamander larvae are important top-predators in these fish free habitats, their presence likely changes various aspects of ecosystem functioning. Here, it was analysed how the ecological performance of salamander larvae in ponds in the Kottenforst in Western Germany changed in comparison to sympatric stream populations.
Further, it was analysed how their presence in ponds influenced key ecosystem attributes such as prey density and diversity and aquatic-terrestrial linkage. To assess the impact of the life cycle shifts in salamanders on the pond functioning, detailed investigations of salamander larvae population dynamics, phenology, and macroinvertebrate community development in ponds were combined with experimental manipulations of the salamander presence. In the first part of this study, the impact of pond presence of fire salamanders in terms of ecosystem functioning focussing on aquatic terrestrial subsidy transfer was calculated.
The study could show, that the adaptation of fire salamanders to breed in pools led to strong increases of animal-mediated import of terrestrial matter into the aquatic habitats. The hypothesis about the impact on macroinvertebrate communities derived from these calculations was then tested experimentally. It was shown, that presence of salamander larvae could influence some taxa of macroinvertebrates but they had only limited effects on the food web structure in their aquatic habitats. Yet, a high relevance of the subsidy exchange from aquatic to terrestrial and its high relevance for the predator persistence in the system could again be confirmed.
Moreover, it was demonstrated, that the larval behaviour and performance could have a high inter-annual variability as a reaction to contrasting ecosystem constraints in comparison to the stream habitats. A fact that integrally separates the pond ecotype from stream ecotype conspecifics.
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Parkkali, Seija Anna. "The role of natural selection and adaptation versus phenotypic plasticity in the invasive success of Hieracium lepidulum in New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biological Sciences, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1799.
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Hieracium lepidulum is an invasive weed in New Zealand. It colonises a wide range of habitats including pine plantations, scrubland, native Nothofagus forest, and mid-altitude to alpine tussock grassland, where it is competing with indigenous species. Understanding the breeding systems and population genetic structure of H. lepidulum is important for biocontrol, and aids in the understanding of evolutionary colonisation processes. H. lepidulum is a triploid, diplosporous, obligate apomict. This type of reproduction through clonal seed does not involve meiosis or fertilisation, and theoretically populations should contain very low levels of genetic variation, the only source being somatic mutation. Common garden experiments and microsatellite markers were used to determine the population genetic structure of H. lepidulum populations in the Craigieburn Range, Canterbury. Both experiments revealed that populations, sampled from three replicate altitudes within three geographically-separated locations, contained no genetic variation; individuals all possessed the same microsatellite genotype. These results strongly suggest that the Craigieburn Range H. lepidulum individuals reproduce solely by apomixis and populations belong to the same clonal lineage. Populations were also examined for their response to two abiotic environmental ‘stresses’, drought and shade. H. lepidulum populations’ exhibited high drought tolerance, yet appeared to be shade-intolerant. Low levels of reproduction in light-limiting habitats will prevent the invasion of H. lepidulum into closed-canopy forest habitats. H. lepidulum appears to have overcome the reduction in fitness associated with apomictic reproduction by phenotypic plasticity, fixed heterozygosity and polyploidy – all associated with increased vigour, fitness, and the ability to occupy broader ecological niches. This study’s results are hopeful for the development of biocontrol programs involving genotype-specific pathogens but suggest that grazing management may not succeed. The data will be useful for future comparisons of genetic structure during the course of H. lepidulum invasions and will contribute to the management of this invasive weed.
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Bruy, David. "Diversity, ecology and evolution of monocaulous plants in New Caledonia." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTG087/document.
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L’évolution convergente des formes de croissance est un phénomène fondamental reliant l’écologie et l’évolution des plantes. Remarquablement illustré dans plusieurs systèmes insulaires, ce phénomène n’a jamais été identifié en Nouvelle-Calédonie, pourtant connue pour la richesse et l’originalité de sa flore. Par une approche combinant architecture des plantes, traits fonctionnels, taxonomie, phylogénie et données environnementales, cette thèse analyse l’histoire évolutive de la monocaulie, une forme de croissance mal connue, en Nouvelle-Calédonie. Les monocaules sont des plantes autoportantes ligneuses dont les fonctions majeures sont assurées par une seule tige apparente. En Nouvelle-Calédonie, elles sont représentées par 182 espèces dicotylédones appartenant à 41 genres et 30 familles et sont gravement menacées d’extinction. L’évolution répétée de la monocaulie en Nouvelle-Calédonie, issue d’au moins 31 événements d’apparition, est l’un des cas les plus remarquables de convergence en milieu insulaire. Dans le genre Atractocarpus, la monocaulie est apparue récemment deux à trois fois via diverses réductions des branches en inflorescences, montrant l’importance des processus hétérochroniques dans l’évolution des formes de croissance. La monocaulie est fortement corrélée à plusieurs traits démontrant des contraintes majeures dans la coordination fonctionnelle. L’évolution de la monocaulie est fortement associée aux forêts denses humides et au substrat ultramafique, et semble avoir contribué à la diversification des lignées par des phénomènes de partitionnement de niche. La remarquable convergence de la monocaulie en Nouvelle-Calédonie peut s’expliquer par quatre hypothèses majeures liées (i) à la structure particulière des forêts denses humides (en lien avec les cyclones) favorisant l’exploration unidirectionnelle de l’espace, (ii) aux contraintes édaphiques liées aux substrats ultramafiques favorisant la paupérisation architecturale, (iii) à l’absence historique de grands brouteurs, auxquels les monocaules sont particulièrement sensibles, et (iv) à la persistance des forêts denses humides lors des épisodes glaciaires (servant de refuges pour ces espèces sensibles) et leur expansion post-glaciaire (fournissant de nombreuses opportunités écologiques)<br>The convergent evolution in growth habit is a fundamental phenomenon linking plant ecology and evolution. Remarkably illustrated in island biotas, this phenomenon has never been identified in the original and megadiverse New Caledonian biodiversity hotspot. Through an approach combining plant architecture, functional traits, taxonomy, phylogeny and environmental data, this thesis analyses the evolutionary history of the scarcely known monocaulous growth habit in New Caledonia. Monocauls are self-supporting woody plants whose cardinal functions rely on a single visible stem. In New Caledonia, they are represented by 182 dicotyledonous species belonging to 41 genera and 30 families and are critically endangered. The repeated evolution of the monocaulie in New Caledonia, resulting from at least 31 independent events, is one of the most remarkable cases of convergence in insular environments. In the genus Atractocarpus (Rubiaceae), monocauly evolved recently two to three times through branch reductions into inflorescences, emphasizing the importance of heterochronic processes in the evolution of growth habit. Monocauly is strongly correlated with several traits illustrating major constraints in functional coordination. The evolution of monocauly is strongly associated with rainforests and ultramafic substrate, and seems to have contributed to the diversification of lineages by niche partitioning. The remarkable convergence toward monocauly in New Caledonia can be explained by four major hypotheses: (i) the structural features of rainforests (related to cyclone frequency and intensity) favoring unidirectional exploration of space, (ii) the edaphic constraints associated with ultramafic substrate favoring architectural pauperization, (iii) the historical absence of large native browsers to which monocauls are particularly sensitive, and (iv) the persistence of rainforest during – and spread-out after – glacial episodes that served as refugia and further provided ecological opportunities
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Marks, Dennis Keith. "Food habits and dietary adaptation of the English sole (Parophrys vetulus) in a recently disturbed habitat." Thesis, University of Oregon theses, Dept. of Biology, Ph.D., 1986, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/9446.
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ix, 77 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm
Notes Typescript
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Oregon, 1986
Includes vita and abstract
Bibliography: leaves 73-77
Another copy on microfilm is located in Archives
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Farnes, Alan Taylor. "Scribal habits in selected New Testament manuscripts, including those with surviving exemplars." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8285/.
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In the first chapter of this work, I provide an introduction to the current discussion of scribal habits. In Chapter Two, I discuss Abschriften-or manuscripts with extant known exemplars-, their history in textual criticism, and how they can be used to elucidate the discussion of scribal habits. I also present a methodology for determining if a manuscript is an Abschrift. In Chapter Three, I analyze P127, which is not an Abschrift, in order that we may become familiar with determining scribal habits by singular readings. Chapters Four through Six present the scribal habits of selected proposed manuscript pairs: 0319 and 0320 as direct copies of 06 (with their Latin counterparts VL 76 and VL83 as direct copies of VL 75), 205 as a direct copy of 2886, and 821 as a direct copy of 0141. I discuss in Chapter Four the need to better understand the scribal habits of manuscripts written by scribes who wrote in their non-native language. Additionally, I conclude that 205 and 2886 are, in fact, not copies of one another. In the conclusion, I argue that there is no common scribal habit shared by all scribes except that this study has not found a scribe who adds more words than they lose. Additionally, textual critics should place greater emphasis on the roles played by patrons and readers of the text rather than on scribes alone.
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Dottore, Antonio Gabriele. "Antecedents of business model adaptation in new ventures." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/122969/2/Antonio%20Dottore%20Thesis.pdf.
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In this thesis the study focusses on what facilitates or impedes adaptation of business model (BM) concept elements in new firms. Using data from QUT's Comprehensive Australian Study of Entrepreneurial Emergence (CAUSEE), the research shows that firms with more human capital and networking demonstrated higher BM adaption. Additionally, certain aspects of human capital and networking were complementary, and others acting as substitutes for each other, for the purpose of generating BM adaptation. Combining these elements with external (technological and international) contexts uncovered more nuanced explanations of what facilitates or impedes BM adaptation in new firms.
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Veldhuis, Djuke. "Human adaptability : behavioural and endocrinological adaptation in New Ireland, Papua New Guinea." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608534.
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Adamo, Phillip C. "New monks, old habits : the formation of the Caulite Monastic Order, 1193-1305 /." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148820315882727.
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Kgatshe, Mphoentle. "Indigenous re-form: Change and adaptation in a new school in new Xade, Botswana." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12955.
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Includes bibliographical references.<br>The objective of this M.Arch dissertation is to study the Ghanzi District, Botswana. Because of the few developments and small population in the area, it might be perceived as a place with little to offer architecturally. I am interested in uncovering the contextual layers (landscape and cultures) in this area that could inform and improve the architecture there. The main objective is to investigate an accommodating architecture that allows the Basarwa (Bushmen in Botswana) to be integrated into the mainstream Batswana, but still allow for them to lead their daily traditional lives and express their id entity in ways consistent with their own values.
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Ulijaszek, Stanley John. "Nutrition and anthropometry : with special reference to populations in Papua New Guinea and the United Kingdom." Thesis, University of London, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319612.
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Smith, Elaine Mary Davis. "The implications of new developments in technology on searching habits in a chemical company." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304471.
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Konrad, Katherine. "Old Habits in a New World? E-book management techniques at an academic library." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap / Bibliotekshögskolan, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-17322.
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As interest in the e-book market grows, both academic libraries and researchers strive to understand developing trends amongst patrons. The academic library is one venue where improvised measures in e-book collection management can freely abound. Recent studies have focused on establishing formalized management techniques. This study explores the e-book collection management techniques in use lens of Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory. Analysis revealed that library staff employ e-book collection management techniques that are both similar and dissimilar to those used in print book management. This study investigates both similarities and differences using Bourdieu’s field and habitus to enable explanation of relevant management choices. Analysis showed that librarians in both similar and different subject libraries employ both unique and complementary techniques to e-book collection management. Further inquiry shows possible connections between a librarian’s habitus and their subsequent approach to e-book management.<br>Program: Masterprogram: Biblioteks- och informationsvetenskap, Digitala bibliotek och informationstjänster
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Gottlieb, Laurie Naomi 1946. "Parental responsiveness and firstborn girls' adaptation to a new sibling." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72075.
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This study investigated firstborns' adjustment and responsiveness to a new sibling and parents' responsiveness to their firstborn before and after the second child's birth. Parental responsiveness was also examined in the context of predicting firstborns' adjustment and responsiveness to the sibling. Fifty families with firstborn daughters (26-55 mo) were visited at home 6-10 weeks before and 5-6 weeks after the sibling's birth. After the sibling's birth, young firstborns were more distressed than old firstborns; however, prenatal distress was the best predictor of postnatal distress. Old and young firstborns showed different patterns of responsiveness to brothers and sisters. In terms of parental responsiveness, firstborns perceived mothers as more responsive after the birth than before, while their perceptions of fathers remained unchanged. Mothers gave less support after the birth, particularly to old firstborns. Although fathers' support remained unchanged postnatally, fathers gave the least support to old firstborns with brothers. Time spent by mothers with firstborns decreased from before to after the birth, while fathers' time increased. Continuity was found for parental support but not for parental involvement, especially by fathers. Parental support was associated with low postnatal distress while parental caregiving was related to high postnatal distress. Prenatal maternal responsiveness and postnatal paternal responsiveness predicted postnatal distress. Firstborns' perceptions of parental responsiveness were generally associated with firstborns' responsiveness to the sibling. The results were discussed in terms of family-systems theory and stress-coping theory.
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Beaton, Ryan. "Interpreting Frege's Grundgesetze in an adaptation of Quine's New Foundations." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81592.
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We first give a modern presentation of the formal language of Frege's Grundgesetze. There follows a comparison of the motivations for Frege's "Cumulative Type Theory" and for Russell's Type Theory and of the basic arithmetical definitions in each. Quine's New Foundations and, in particular, extensions of Jensen's modification, NFU, are introduced and consistency results are discussed. Finally, an interpretation is given in an NFU framework of a modified form of the Grundgesetze theory. It is shown that an "Axiom of Counting" necessary for arithmetic in NFU is needed in an analogous way for arithmetic in our interpretation; it is further demonstrated that from the statement of this axiom in NFU, the appropriate analogue is provable for our interpretation. The development of arithmetic in an NFU framework is seen essentially to be that intended by Frege in the Grundgesetze.
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Shenoy, Uma A. "In Moving to a New Country: Children and Adolescent's Adaptation." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36723.
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A primary purpose of this study was to develop and test a model of adaptation for children and adolescents who move to a foreign country. The model was developed from existing literature on adult migration, and from the small fund of knowledge which exists on immigrant children. Adaptation was conceptualized into two kinds - sociocultural and psychological. It was proposedthat sociocultural adaptation would mediate the relationship between a number of independent variables (coping strategies, life events, length of stay, social support, and cultural distance) andthe dependent variable, which was psychological adaptation. Use of Path analytical techniques demonstrated the poor utility of this model. There was no support for a linear relationship between psychological adaptation and sociocultural adaptation. Exploratory, data-based analyses were then carried out to determine significant predictors for sociocultural and psychological adaptation. While a significant set of predictors emerged for sociocultural adaptation, few individual significant variables emerged for psychological adaptation. Limitations of this study are noted.The implications for intervention of this finding to migrant children and adolescents are discussed.<br>Master of Science
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Kirksey, S. Eben. "Saya makan sembarang (I eat anything) the changing world of the Oge Bage Mee /." [Sarasota, Fla.] : Division of Social Sciences, Division of Natural Sciences, New College of the University of South Florida, 2002. http://www.papuaweb.org/dlib/s123/kirksey1/%5Frk.html.
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LANDAU, VIRGINIA ILENE. "THE ADAPTATION OF NEW WORLD MONKEYS TO NEW ENVIRONMENTAL SITUATIONS: FOOD ACQUISITION AND FOOD PROCESSING BEHAVIORS." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184076.
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Food cleaning behavior has been observed among laboratory squirrel monkeys. A Wilcoxon signed-ranks test showed that significantly more cleaning behavior occurred when hard monkey chow pellets and soft fruit were coated with edible debris. Monkeys removed fewer pieces of fruit from a food crock containing fruit coated with edible debris in a timed test. A principal component analysis of the food cleaning behaviors showed two underlying correlated factors. The first factor was the use of the body to clean food. The second factor was the use of the environment to clean food. Two groups of squirrel monkeys, one without previous learners and one with previous learners, were subjects in a fishing study. The presence of previous learners in the social group was not significant for monkeys fishing in water filled crocks. But there was a significant difference in the number of fishing attempts made by the No Previous Learners Group when fishing in wading pools. The Previous Learners group did not make significantly more fishing attempts fishing in wading pools than in crocks. A significant difference was observed in fishing attempts during Phase 1 and Phase 2 of the wading pool experiment for both groups. All monkeys in the group fishing experiments ate fish when it could be obtained. Monkeys who did not learn to fish successfully learned alternative behaviors to obtain fish. The Previous Learners group in the wading pool experiment were subjects in a more difficult fishing test. Significantly fewer fishing attempts were made but the number of monkeys that caught fish was larger. Caged squirrel monkeys scored a lower percentage of fishing attempts than squirrel monkeys living in a social group. While Cebus monkeys caught fish, unlike squirrel monkeys, they did not attempt to eat them.
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Freiholtz, Anna. "A New Original : The Adaptation of The Remains of The Day." Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-3785.
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<p>The essay investigates the film adaptation <em>The Remains of the Day</em>. The novel and film are used to give examples of ways the story of a novel can change when it is adapted for film. The theoretical framework is based on Linda Hutcheon's concept of orginality and fidelity.</p>
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Henfridsson, Ola. "IT-adaptation as sensemaking : inventing new meaning for technology in organizations." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för informatik, 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-65866.
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Noting how organizations today are increasingly dependent on IT for a broad range of organizational activities, the thesis starts from the observation that many IT-related endeavors nevertheless fail. In tracing part of the problem to the inability of many organizations to cope with changes in the surrounding material and social context, the emphasis is put on the processes by which IT-artifacts are adapted and re-adapted, after they have been put into daily use. Assuming human sensemaking as a good basis for coping with the changes, qualitative data from two organizations — a Swedish social services department and a software firm — provides an empirical context for assessing how sensemaking processes affect IT-adaptation. Conceptually, the thesis draws on Karl Weick's thinking, introducing the "double interact" and the "response repertoire" as sensitizing concepts with which to understand the mechanisms generating adaptation of IT-artifacts. Methodologically, the interpretive case study is employed, using the "hermeneutic circle" as the guiding principle for the research process. The thesis draws some specific implications concerning how IT-adaptation can be understood in organizations. The generic IT-adaptation process can be divided into two elementar}- phases, exploration and exploitation. During the exploration phase, several individual interpretations of a particular IT-artifact co-exist, occasioning ambiguity about its meaning in organizational daily activity. During the exploitation phase, the IT-artifact itself is in the background of matters of attention, providing organizational actors, who pursue individual goals and desires, the opportunity to exploit the shared and taken-for-granted meaning they see in the artifact. While the exploitation phase is important for organizational efficacy, there is nevertheless a risk that the meaning exploited becomes outdated by surrounding socio-material changes over time. Among other proposals, the thesis therefore suggests that triggering sensemaking processes can be important for meaningful IT-adaptation. In addition, it suggests the activity of searching for the interlacing areas of professional identity of actor groups, as a means to make IT-artifacts meaningful in organizing endeavors.<br><p>[8] s., s. 1-64: sammanfattning, s. 65-168: 6 uppsatser</p><br>digitalisering@umu
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Shi, Linda Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "A new climate for regionalism : metropolitan experiments in climate change adaptation." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111370.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2017.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 161-175).<br>Climate change threatens the function and even existence of coastal cities, requiring them to adapt by preparing for near-term risks and reorienting long-term development. Most policy and academic interest in the governance of climate adaptation has focused on global, national, and local scales. Their efforts increasingly revealed the need to plan for adaptation at the scale of metropolitan regions. This dissertation is the first academic comparative analysis of U.S. regional adaptation initiatives. Drawing on multi-method qualitative research of five coastal regions, I ask: are collaboratives to coordinate adaptation at the regional scale a new form of regionalism? What roles do state policies on climate change and regional governance play? I argue that adaptation collaboratives are an ecological variant of new regionalism that recenters the role of public agencies in advancing adaptation efforts. Adaptation champions have helped overcome limited local adaptation, even where states are antagonistic to climate action, by sharing knowledge, providing technical assistance, and fostering political support. However, most have yet to tackle the limitations of local adaptation. Instead, they have deployed narratives of climate change as predictable and manageable, and of regional adaptation as localized and ecological in ways that mask the need for more transformative developmental and governance paradigms. Only places with regional agencies or county governments that have land use authority, fiscal leverage, or state mandated targets have advanced region-wide zoning and long-term developmental changes. This indicates that state policies towards regional planning institutions are more influential in shaping regional adaptation than those focused on adaptation. Scholarship has shifted away from debates around forms of regional government, but these findings highlight the need to strengthen regional government in order to overcome difficulties in coordinating, implementing, and enforcing multi-sector and multi-jurisdictional responses to climate change. I conclude by calling for a renewed ecological regionalism that articulates a vision of regions functioning as an ecological whole, rather than as the sum of individual parts. I offer recommendations for how collaboratives and other advocates could build awareness and open dialogue about regional interdependence, conflicts, responsibility, and accountability. These processes become pathways to envisioning local preferences for regional governance, build buy-in and coalitions, and advocate for state enabling legislation.<br>by Linda Shi.<br>Ph. D.
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Reigado, Carolina Rodrigues. "Strategies and habits for adapting the plan in agile teams: a grounded theory and improvisation perspective." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18156/tde-17122018-090903/.
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The ability of agile teams to adapt the project plan to unexpected problems is still a less-researched area. They must change the project plans as facing unexpected challenges and, even though existing studies relate some aspects to this ability, such as participatory decision-making, openness to discuss problems in an immediate sense and focus on actions to be taken in near future, these studies do not yet offer a complete theory, or set of practices, about how adaptation takes place. What actions and decisions of the team allow for adaptation? Improvisation is an approach that could potentially fill this gap and consists of someone executing an action without previously planning it, or doing it differently from the original plan, when facing a problem. This study presents an investigation of how agile teams adapt when facing unexpected changes or problems during the projects. The concept of improvisation is used and the study involved two agile software development teams and using Grounded Theory (GT). The results indicate that the teams apply different improvisation strategies, such as breaking standard work rules, as well as maintain habits that contribute positively to improvisation. Clients also play an important role in helping teams solve unexpected problems and should be invited to collaborate. These results can be used to assist professionals in search of more effectiveness in agile teams in terms of adapting the plan during the project.<br>A habilidade de os times ágeis adaptarem o plano do projeto de acordo com problemas inesperados ainda é uma área de pesquisa pouco explorada. Essas equipes precisam ser capazes de adaptar o plano do projeto quando se deparam com desafios inesperados e, ainda que os estudos relacionem alguns aspectos a essa habilidade, como tomada de decisão participativa, abertura para discutir problemas de imediato e foco em ações de curto prazo, os estudos ainda não oferecem uma teoria completa ou conjunto de práticas que descrevam como, de fato, a adaptação acontece. Quais ações e decisões do time lhe garantem a capacidade de adaptação? A improvisação é uma abordagem interessante para compreender esse gap, e consiste em executar uma ação sem previamente planejá-la, ou de uma maneira diferente do que a planejada, quando da ocorrência de um problema ou mudança inesperada. Esse estudo apresenta uma investigação da adaptação em projetos ágeis quando as equipes se deparam com mudanças ou problemas inesperados. O conceito da improvisação é usado e o estudo envolveu dois times ágeis que desenvolvem software, e utilizando o método Grounded theory (GT). Os resultados indicam que os times utilizam diferentes estratégias de improvisação, como quebrar regras de trabalho, assim como mantem hábitos que contribuem positivamente para a improvisação. O cliente também desempenha um papel importante ao ajudar os times a resolverem problemas inesperados, e portanto devem ser convidados a colaborar. Esses resultados podem ser usados para auxiliar profissionais no sentido de obter-se times ágeis mais efetivos na adaptação do plano durante o projeto.
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Flemming, D. "Essence and adaptation : Contextualization and the heart of Paul's gospel." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234363.
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Long, Daniel Wayne. "Exploring Generational Differences in Text Messaging Usage and Habits." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/1060.
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Members of society today embrace multiple communication media for various purposes and intents. Text messaging has been identified as the medium of choice for continual relationship maintenance and text messaging from mobile devices overshadows all other media forms for the support of social connections. Text messaging is changing everything from how operators market their plans to how advertisers and service providers reach consumers. But just as technology usage of social media and internet access are different across generational boundaries, text messaging usage and habits may also be different for various generational groups. The majority of peer-reviewed research regarding text messaging usage habits has focused on adolescent and young adult users with less attention on text messaging usage habits by older adults; there is a scarcity of peer-reviewed research examining cross-generation text messaging habits and texting usage patterns. The primary goal of this study was to assess the similarities and differences in text messaging usage habits, purposes, and support of social connections differentiated by five of the commonly designated generational groups in America; the Post-War Silent Generation, Baby Boomers, Generation X, Millennials, and Generation Z. A mixed methods study provided data on the text messaging usage habits of members of the generational groups using a pool of adult college students, members of the researcher’s LinkedIn network, and data from a survey service to determine to what extent differences and similarities exist between users’ text messaging usage habits within each generational group. Results indicated generational group membership has a significant effect on a participant’s messaging volume (UV), text messaging partner choices (TMPC), and text messaging social habits (SH), regardless of gender, education level, or employment status. The older the generational group, the more likely they are to prefer talking over texting and to have issues with the device interface. The Post-War Silent generation texts their spouses the least of any group, while Generation X texts their spouses the most, and all generational groups with the exception of Generation Z would limit texting while driving. Generational characteristics seem to have some influence over texting behaviors. Contributions to the existing body of knowledge in the human computer interaction field include an investigation of factors that contribute to each generational group’s willingness to embrace or reject the text messaging medium, and an investigation into the into how each generation views and exploits the texting medium.
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Konstantinidis, Kostas. "From film adaptation to post-celluloid adaptation : rethinking the transition of popular narratives and characters across old and new media." Thesis, University of Reading, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.487291.
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The main subject of this thesis is film adaptation and film remakes with a specific focus on the study of emerging modes of adaptation from older media to new. This includes computer generated reconstructions of the iconography and characters of popular literary texts and early films, and media convergence forms (websites), which transfer and transform familiar media content from either TV shows or films to and for the Internet. I argue that the comparative analysis of processes such as the above and the rethinking of new media in general enable us to furt~er unseat the issue of fidelity and examine film adaptations within a framework of intertextual dialogism. I attempt to develop Robert Starn's embryonic concept of post-celluloid adaptation to cover the new technological developments involved in such processes. This leads to a working definition of this concept which essentially broadens the field of adaptation theory and regards as viable case studies the adaptations of popular visual narratives from analogue media to digital media. This definition intends to challenge the traditional perception of film adaptation, that is from a literary text to filmlTV, and to investigate how the aesthetics of digital forms require a different kind of critical analysis when these digital forms are created out of already familiar cultural productions. Furthermore, this thesis· examines the interconnectedness of the aesthetic and economic dimensions of post-celluloid adaptation and illustrates how the intertextual commodity form of popular texts redefines the relationship between the screen and the media literate viewer/user through the channels ofconvergence culture, which expand the mode ofexistence of a popular narrative.
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Knaepen, Hanne Louise. "Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation into Vietnamese Development as a New Policy Arrangement." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/175210.
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Liev, Man Hau. "Adaptation of Cambodians in New Zealand : achievement, cultural identity and community development /." e-Thesis University of Auckland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/3362.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis has two foci: how Cambodians with a refugee background manage their new life in Aotearoa/New Zealand, and how an identity as a Khmer Kiwi transnational community has developed. Analytic concepts— such as forced migration, cultural bereavement, adaptation, integration, diaspora, transnationalism, identification, and community of practice— are used to trace the trajectory of the contemporary way of life of Cambodians, their community development, and their cultural identity. The data gathered from mixedmethod research reveal the various opinions, strategies, coping mechanisms, and paths that Cambodian participants have adopted in order to adapt to life in New Zealand and still maintain their Khmer heritage. The majority of participants were proud of their personal achievements, and now have found normalcy in their new life. Individual struggles to engage and integrate with multicultural New Zealand society have required negotiation and protection of group interests, and inevitably some of these have resulted in conflicts and fragmentation within the Khmer community. Religious practice, organisation, and leadership became the main driving forces for asserting Khmer community identity. Collective memory was harnessed to deal with shared cultural bereavement, and the quest for belonging lent momentum to the community’s development and management of its identity. Khmer Theravada Buddhism has emerged as a means by which the majority of Cambodians can achieve their spiritual wellbeing, and has become a platform for various community identity developments within the New Zealand social and legal contexts. Gender roles and structures are a significant part of community development and of my analysis. This development of Khmer identity in New Zealand is a new strand of Khmer identity: Khmer heritage, transnational experience, and ‘Kiwi-ism’. Such transformation of identity reflects geo-political influences on integration in the form of belonging to and identifying with two or more groups. For example, the majority of participants proudly identified themselves as Khmer Kiwis. Their transnational lives have been enriched by their country of origin (Cambodia) and their country of residence (Aotearoa/New Zealand). Key words: Cambodian refugees, forced migration, adaptation, integration, transnationalism, Buddhism, Khmer identity, community development, and community of practice.
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Hilton, Zoe. "Physiological adaptation in the radiation of New Zealand triplefin fishes (Family Tripterygiidae)." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/5902.
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Physiological adaptation to divergent environments is a poorly understood factor in adaptive radiation. New Zealand (NZ) triplefin fishes (Tripterygiidae) have undergone a radiation associated with habitat diversification within NZ's coastal waters, where 26 closely-related endemic species occur in overlapping but divergent habitats, partitioned by depth and exposure. By investigating the relationship between respiratory physiological traits and habitat in these fishes, this thesis examines whether there is evidence in this group to support two proposed criteria for adaptive radiation; phenotype-environment correlation and trait utility. Significant interspecific differences were observed in rates of oxygen consumption (VO2) and critical oxygen concentration (O2 crit) in 12 species of triplefin examined. O2 crit correlated with species' habitat depth, with intertidal species displaying greater hypoxia tolerance than subtidal species, thus demonstrating phenotype-environment correlation and trait utility in relation to hypoxia exposure. Interspecific differences in VO2 were significantly influenced by phylogeny, indicating a lack of strong environmental selection on VO2. However, there was some indication of lower VO2 in species occupying more exposed habitats. Mitochondrial respiration was also examined in three species; the intertidal species displayed higher cytochrome c oxidase activity and was able to maintain efficient oxidative phosphorylation at higher temperatures than the two subtidal species, further indicating phenotype-environment correlation and trait utility. Haemoglobin (Hb) isoform expression was examined in 23 species. Isoform multiplicity declined with habitat depth, supporting the hypothesis that higher multiplicity may be associated with greater environmental variability. A lack of phylogenetic signal in Hb expression, and latitudinal variation in the relative isoform abundance in some species, indicated potential selection on this trait. However, there was no pattern in expression of cathodal Hbs, and the trait utility of this multiplicity is unknown. Overall, there is strong evidence that differences between intertidal and subtidal environments in exposure to high temperatures and hypoxia may have lead to divergence in O2 crit and mitochondrial function between intertidal and subtidal species. Therefore physiological adaptation may have enabled the expansion of species into the more demanding habitats such as the intertidal zone. Hb isoform multiplicity and VO2 were correlated with habitat in both intertidal and subtidal species, however the trait utility associated with these correlations is unknown and thus there remains a lack of evidence to support a direct role of physiological adaptation in habitat divergence of subtidal species - and therefore for adaptive radiation of the group as a whole.<br>Whole document restricted until September 2011, but available by request, use the feedback form to request access. Please note some figures of the thesis have been previously published and are subject to copyright restrictions.
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Pang, Shuk-ching Ruth, and 彭淑貞. "New foster parents: the first experience and their adaptation to unfamiliar roles." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31250567.
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Sapuan, Melissa. "Using uncertain sea level rise projections : adaptation in Rotterdam and New York." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/73800.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, June 2012.<br>"June 2012." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-72).<br>Coastal cities, where much of the world's population and economic activity is concentrated, are vulnerable to sea level rise and other impacts of climate change. While there has been increased attention on taking action to reduce the adverse impacts of climate change at the city-scale, one of the obstacles local authorities face is the inherent uncertainty in climate change projections. This thesis examined how Rotterdam and New York, two leading cities in climate change adaptation, used sea level rise projections in their adaptation plans and addressed the issue of uncertainty. These case studies showed that cities adopt different processes to obtain local sea level rise projections, influenced by their institutional and political structures. Rotterdam leveraged on projections and adaptation planning at the national level, while New York commissioned its own city-level climate change risk assessment and focused largely on adaptation policies that are to be implemented at the city level. Despite the emphasis in the literature on the role of science-based climate change impact assessments as the basis for adaptation planning, the case studies suggest that the inherent uncertainties in climate change science limit the usefulness of the specific projections from such assessments for adaptation planning. However, many adaptation strategies that cities could adopt require only a broad understanding of the potential local impacts of sea level rise and information about current conditions. To be prepared for future sea level rise, cities should consider alternative assessment approaches that are less dependent on specific sea level rise projections. They should also consider building in flexibility for adjustment in their adaptation policies and explore innovative design responses to variable and uncertain sea levels.<br>by Melissa Sapuan.<br>S.M.
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Sinozic, Tanja, and Franz Tödtling. "Adaptation and change in creative clusters: Findings from Vienna's New Media sector." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2014. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4091/1/sre%2Ddisc%2D2014_01.pdf.
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This paper explores cluster change using the case example of New Media in Vienna. It
addresses the question of how cluster elements (such as firms and institutions) interact to
shape and transform the thematic and spatial boundaries of clusters as they shift along their
developmental stages.
Clusters go through different phases underpinned by technical change, renewing and
destroying previous cluster specialisations. Creativity is a key feature in modern economies
underlying competitiveness in a range of sectors which cluster in urban areas. Sectors such as
software and computer services, advertising and market research, printing and reproduction of
recorded media, motion pictures, creative arts and entertainment are supported by regional
conditions that enable creative processes in local interacting firms, and the translation of ideas
into innovative products and services. These perspectives are used to explore the New Media
cluster in Vienna based on 25 semi-structured interviews with firms specialising in New
Media technology areas.
When analysed using a life cycle perspective of clusters, the findings in this paper suggest
that cluster thematic boundaries are shaped by change in technological variety via complex
processes such as inter-disciplinary problem-solving in projects, re-activation of latent local
and global networks, and firm capabilities to respond to rapidly changing client needs in
devices, communication and design. (authors' abstract)<br>Series: SRE - Discussion Papers
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Anderson, Jennifer K. "Dogtrots in New Orleans: An Urban Adaptation to a Rural House Type." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1604.
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The dogtrot house type is an important type of vernacular architecture in the American landscape, particularly in rural areas of the southern United States. Little is formally written or known about the dogtrot type houses in New Orleans, which appear to be a unique evolution of the rural dogtrot form specifically adapted for the urban environment. This thesis examines the existing literature regarding the dogtrot house type and analyzes the architectural history of the remaining dogtrot type homes in New Orleans in order to establish that they are correctly classified, and also to investigate any possible links with rural dogtrots. The findings promotes awareness of the dogtrot house type in the urban setting, and contribute to the larger picture of vernacular architectural adaptation in the United States. Further, this thesis lays the foundation for landmarking the 16 remaining dogtrots in New Orleans.
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Pang, Shuk-ching Ruth. "New foster parents : the first experience and their adaptation to unfamiliar roles /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2012529X.
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Kime, Sihem. "From adaptation mechanisms with visual impairment to new technologies in vision restoration." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066750.
Full textAbstract:
La malvoyance a un impact énorme sur la qualité de vie des personnes touchées, et des coûts d'assistance pour la société toute entière. Un important effort de recherche est donc axé dans le développement de nouvelles technologies, visant à restaurer la vision. Actuellement, les implants rétiniens représentent la technologie la plus en avance dans le domaine, avec deux dispositifs approuvés pour la commercialisation. Les premières études cliniques ont décrit la perception de signaux lumineux (phosphènes) provoqués par ces dispositifs. Certains patients récupèrent de l'autonomie, mais seulement quelques-uns atteignent des niveaux de perception satisfaisants, qui leur permettraient de réaliser des tâches plus complexes. Par conséquent des limitations existent, concernant à la fois la résolution spatiale et temporelle, et ces limitations appellent à des améliorations de la technologie et des stratégies de stimulation utilisées. L'objectif de cette thèse est de présenter les modalités possibles d’amélioration de la qualité de la perception fournie par les implants visuels. Une étude sur les patients atteints de RP, qui est la principale population ciblée par les implants rétiniens, est présentée afin de détecter et de caractériser les stratégies d'adaptation visuelle développées après avoir perdu la vision périphérique. La deuxième partie de cette thèse, présente une plate-forme de projection à haute-fréquences, et l’évaluation de son impact sur les performances visuelles. La dernière contribution de ce travail présente, l'impact d’une projection à haute fréquence sur les technologies de restauration visuelle<br>Visual impairment is a condition, which can lead to blindness, and has an enormous impact on the quality of life of the affected individuals, and in assistance costs for the whole society. An important research effort is therefore spent in developing novel technologies, aiming to restore visual functionality. Currently the most promising technology is represented by retinal implants, with two companies producing devices approved for commercialization. The first clinical studies encouragingly reported perception elicited by both devices. Some patients retrieve autonomy, but only a few could reach satisfactory perception levels, allowing more complex tasks such as reading. Hence limitations exist in both spatial and temporal resolution, and these limitations call for improvements of the technology and of the stimulation strategies used therein. The focus of this thesis lies in presenting possible modalities to improve the perception quality provided by implants. An original study on RP patients, which is the principal population targeted by retinal implants, presents visual adaptation strategies developed after losing peripheral vision. The second part of the thesis presents a platform projecting at high frame rates, and evaluates its impact on visual performances. The last contribution of the work hereby presented is on the impact of high frame rate projection on visual restoration technologies. This study allowed to accurately replicate the perceptual effects of the technologies studied, and to evaluate potential performance improvements using higher temporal resolutions for stimulation strategies in visual restoration devices
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Stuart, Wilma Powell. "A grounded theory study Hispanic adolescents' experience of being overweight /." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2008r/stuart.pdf.
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Inglis, Raelene Margaret, and n/a. "The cultural transmission of cookery knowledge : from seventeenth century Britain to twentieth century New Zealand." University of Otago. Department of Anthropology, 2009. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20090828.145727.
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Underpinning most anthropological definitions of culture is the concept of the cultural transmission and diffusion of learned behaviour. Anthropological works generally emphasise the outcomes of this transmission rather than the processes, in part because the mechanisms are either ongoing or practically invisible. Recipes have proved a unique tool for tracking cultural transmission because of their inherent precision and characteristically datable contexts. This study uses recipes to explore the many paths of transmission and diffusion of culinary knowledge. The period under review is from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries and the focus is on British culinary traditions up-to and after, their transfer to New Zealand. It was found that culinary knowledge was disseminated around New Zealand through both formal and informal mechanisms. Formal transmission involved teachers, their school cookery classes and published teaching manuals, all of which played a major role in training school children to cook the dishes served at family meals. In contrast, informal publications such as cookery columns in magazines and newspapers were transmitting recipes for more fashionable dishes, especially baking, and these incorporated mechanisms that promoted innovation more than retention of traditional recipes. The significant role of material culture in cookery provided another pathway of transmission through appliance recipe books which translated established recipes into a form that could be made with the new technology, thereby preventing their disappearance from the culinary repertoires of cooks. It was established that community cookbooks, a common means of fund-raising, were a significant means of diffusing culinary information. The cookbooks produced by such efforts demonstrated change over time in their recipe content, especially if published as a series and such publications were tangible repositories of the cookery knowledge within the community. This study examined not only the pathways of culinary transmission but also the contexts in which it occurred. These circumstances were found to be influential in determining eventual acceptance or rejection of cookery knowledge and recipes, and provide valuable insights into processes of culture change.
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Hemingway, Jessica. "U.S. Local Government Adaptation to Climate Change:." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-232723.
Full textAbstract:
The desire for local governments to adapt to climate change seems logically relevant as weather extremes inhibit the ability of local governments to protect public health and safety and to ensure delivery of public services. By conducting planned adaptation to climate change local governments enable themselves to minimize risk and increase adaptive capacity to deal with climate change impacts. In the midst of a federal government, minus the Obama administration, that has tended to downplay the importance of climate change, action by local level governments - cities in particular - in the U.S. have been at the forefront of action on climate change. Little attention has been given to local government adaptation in rural areas by both researchers and policy makers alike. Rural areas are at risk to changes in climate because they tend to be reliant on climate sensitive industries, comprised of vulnerable populations, such as the elderly and very young and to possess few resources to conduct land-use and other planning. This dissertation expands upon previous research by examining the decision to conduct planned adaptation by both urban and rural local government adaptation to climate change (RQ1) and by identifying the influences on the decision of local governments in both urban and rural areas to conduct planned adaptation to climate change (RQ2).
New York State was selected as an appropriate case study to answer research questions because of the drastic contrast between urban and rural areas of the state. On the one hand, it has been one of the most progressive states in terms of climate change policy including its largest local government New York City; on the other hand, it is comprised of many rural local governments suffering from population and economic decline. An online survey was distributed to all New York State local governments in November/December 2011 and supplemented by informant discussions conducted before and after the survey. While a considerable amount of time has passed since the survey was conducted, it took place during what appears to be a particular timeframe in political history where the U.S. president supported action on climate change. Results of this study show strong differences in resource availability and the likelihood of urban vs. rural elected officials to conduct planned adaptation.
One hundred and forty-two responses were received from large and small cities, towns, villages and counties. A traditional deductive research design was deployed to answer research questions. To examine the influences on the decision of local elected officials to conduct planned adaptation hypotheses were developed based on previous empirical studies and Mohr’s 1969 hypothesis that “Innovation is related to the motivation to innovate, inversely related to the strength of obstacles to innovation, and directly related to the availability of resources for overcoming such obstacles” (Mohr, 1969, p. 111). Two dependent variables were measured (1) planned adaptation or conscious decisions to adapt to climate change and an alternate dependent variable (2) formal and informal discussion of climate change within the local government. Independent variables measured related to local elected official motivation to conduct planned adaptation in the form of climate weather related concerns in New York State (i.e. extreme weather, water quality, and ecological changes), resource availability within the local government (i.e. budget, staff, climate change expertise) and the existence of obstacles toward planned adaptation external to local governments (i.e. public support, federal and state informational and financial support).
The results of the survey showed that a small minority of local governments in New York State had decided to conduct planned adaptation to climate change. Over half of the sample was identified as conducting some form of spontaneous or reactive adaptation which consisted mostly of actions to minimize flood risk (i.e. update storm-water infrastructure, manage flood plains, promote open space). However, no local government surveyed had been identified as having successfully implemented an adaptation plan. Informal discussions were found to be occurring among half of the sample surveyed with a small number of local governments discussing climate change formally. According to informant discussions, the low level of planned adaptation among New York State local governments can be explained by a number of factors including a non-requirement to conduct planned adaptation, varying policy, resource and incentive conditions throughout the state, a lack of urgency to adapt to climate change and, finally, the absence of a support system to conduct planned adaptation.
Results of hypothesis testing indicate that local governments are more likely to conduct planned adaptation to climate change where: A) climate change concerns are water related, B) budget, staff and climate change expertise are available and C) public support to address climate change impacts as well as state and federal informational support are available. Financial support from state and federal governments did not appear to influence the decision to conduct planned adaptation. Rural local governments were found less likely than urban local governments to be discussing climate change and to be conducting planned adaptation which is likely to be related to organizational size and the availability of resources to conduct planned adaptation measures.
This dissertation contributes to understanding how local governments are adapting to climate change in New York State, what influences the decision of elected officials to conduct planned adaptation to climate change and how experiences may differ from municipality type — especially related to urban vs. rural local governments.
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Kay, David Neil. "The transplantation, development and adaptation of Zen and Tibetan Buddhism in Britain." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365845.
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Kay, David N. "Tibetan and Zen Buddhism in Britain : transplantation, development and adaptation /." London : RoutledgeCurzon, 2004. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip046/2003014995.html.
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MARCHETTI, Federico. ""Scribal behaviour" e "scribal habits": un problema metodologico. Fenomenologia dei codices descripti." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2488272.
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La mia tesi dottorale si propone di illustrare i dati emersi dallo studio dei codices descripti nella tradizione manoscritta della Commedia di Dante. Da alcuni anni, in vari campi di ricerca (filologia genealogico-ricostruttiva, New Philology, filologia biblica e neotestamentaria), si studiano singoli manoscritti con lo scopo di approfondire il ruolo dei loro copisti. Anche il presente lavoro rientra in questo filone di ricerca: la tesi si propone infatti di indagare le capacità medie di un copista trecentesco, con lo scopo ultimo di fornire uno strumento diagnostico utile all’individuazione dei codices descripti.
In una prima parte, proporrò una rassegna di contributi particolarmente significativi che hanno come oggetto l’indagine degli scribal behaviours nella tarda antichità e nel medioevo.
In una seconda sezione, invece, attenderò allo studio di cinque coppie di manoscritti, legati tra loro da un rapporto di discendenza diretta. Per ciascun apografo procederò alla dimostrazione della descriptio, basandomi su criteri interni (testuali) ed esterni (indizi materiali di natura codicologico-paleografica). I descripti saranno collazionati su un campione di 1625vv (corrispondenti circa all’11,4% dei 14233 versi che compongono il poema dantesco). Il campione testuale è costituito – con minimi aggiustamenti, dovuti alla lacunosità di parte del testimoniale – dai canti III, X, XIV e XV di ogni cantica. Le varianti censite saranno suddivise in categorie e sottocategorie. I rilievi eseguiti serviranno quindi ad estrapolare dati statistici, utili ad indagare la fenomenologia della copia manoscritta.<br>My PhD thesis seeks to illustrate the data that emerged from my study of codices descripti in the manuscript tradition of Dante’s Comedy. In recent years, in various research fields (genealogical-reconstructive philology, New Philology, biblical and New Testament philology), many studies have focused on single manuscripts, aiming to detect
their scribal habits. My study falls within this framework: the thesis sets out to investigate the average skills of a 14th and 15th centuries copyist, with the aim of developing a tool useful for detecting codices descripti.
In the first part of my essay, I am presenting a review of the most significant studies concerning scribal behaviours in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
In the second part, I will analyse five pairs of manuscripts, characterized by a direct descent relationship. I will proceed to demonstrate the descriptio of each direct copy, relying both on internal criteria (textual features) and external criteria (codicological evidence). The codices will be collated on a sample of 1625 verses (equivalent to 11,4% of the 14233 verses which form Dante’s poem). The textual portion here considered – with minor adjustments – comprises cantos III, X, XIV and XV of each cantica. Variant readings will then be divided into several categories and subcategories. A division of this kind allows us to make a whole range of statistical inferences.
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Just, Courtney M. "New American Zen: Examining American Women's Adaptation of Traditional Japanese Soto Zen Practice." FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/527.
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The purpose of this thesis was to explore the history and rituals of Japanese Soto Zen nuns and American Soto Zen ordained women in order to examine the motivations behind each group’s practices and distinguish the differences in the intent and practice of American Soto women’s rituals, specifically their reactions to the influence of feminism, and the effects of American syncretization in order to identify if a schism or a continuation is occurring within the Soto Zen tradition. Along with a survey of published research, interviews were conducted with two scholars and prominent ordained Soto practitioners–eight female and three male. Findings suggest that while maintaining strict adherence to specific orthodox rituals, American Soto women also reinterpret Soto traditions and adapt new practices to address the needs of American women’s practice. Findings further indicate the effects of American syncretization in nurturing a legitimate albeit uniquely American expression of Soto Zen.
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Franklin, Craig E. "Physiological stress, smoltification and seawater adaptation in New Zealand's sockeye and quinnat salmon." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Zoology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5937.
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This study investigated smoltification and seawater adaptability of sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) and quinnat salmon (O. tshawytscha). Both species were introduced into New Zealand with an anadromous population of quinnat and a totally freshwater population of sockeye salmon becoming established. The sockeye were found to be capable of successfully adapting to sea water and appeared not to have lost their hypoosmoregulatory ability despite being landlocked for approximately 90 years.
The physiological changes associated with smoltification and seawater adaptation were studied and were viewed in part with reference to physiological stress.
Salmon exposed to a handling or temperature stressor showed an increase in plasma cortisol concentrations and depending on the severity of the stressor, a change in haematocrit and an osmotic imbalance could also result.
The physiological state of the salmon (pre-smoltified, smoltified, desmoltified) was assessed in a variety of ways and the reliability of the parameters measured related to the seawater adaptability of the salmon. Increased gill Na+-K+-ATPase activity provided the best indicator of smoltification. Plasma cortisol concentrations also increased in smoltifying salmon.
The seawater adaptability of the salmon was found to be dependent on both the degree of smoltification that had occurred in the salmon and on the temperature of the sea water. High seawater temperatures limited the ability of the salmon to successfully adapt. Rapid increases in plasma cortisol occurred when salmon were transferred directly to sea water, but returned to basal levels within 12 hours in the fish that successfully adapted. Plasma cortisol concentrations remained elevated in the salmon that failed to adapt to the sea water.
Morphological changes in the gills of sockeye salmon that successfully and unsuccessfully adapted to sea water were also investigated.
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Chung, Lai-ping, and 鍾麗萍. "A study of the family life adaptation of new immigrant wives from China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31250191.
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LIRA, HIRAN FERREIRA DE. "COMICS ON INTERNET: AN ADAPTATION TO THE NEW CHALLENGES OF THE DIGITAL NARRATIVE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2003. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=4284@1.
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Com o desenvolvimento da tecnologia digital, nos últimos 20
anos, mídias como a televisão, vídeo, cinema, rádio,
impressos etc., convergiram para a Internet, adequando-se a
este novo instrumento de comunicação.
Os quadrinhos, como cultura de massa, também buscam seu
espaço adequando e/ou desenvolvendo novas formas de
linguagem e narrativa. A introdução de novos elementos como
som, animação e interatividade podem transformar a forma
como as pessoas lêem os quadrinhos. O cinema,
o quadrinho, o desenho animado, a televisão - linguagens
baseadas em imagens seqüenciais - intercambiam elementos de
linguagem mutuamente e continuamente, mas já possuem uma
linguagem bastante estruturada.
Percebeu-se o esforço de muitos artistas do quadrinho em
desenvolver ou adaptar a linguagem dos quadrinhos para um
formato digital. Mas como fazer isso para uma mídia que
ainda não definiu sua própria linguagem?
Esta dissertação teve por objetivo investigar as
iniciativas de adaptação da linguagem dos quadrinhos para o
formato digital. Para isto, conduzimos nossa pesquisa de
modo a contemplar três aspectos: o ponto de vista do
profissional da área, a visão do consumidor e, por último,
a análise do produto - o próprio quadrinho on-line - que os
conecta. Estes dois primeiros aspectos foram analisados com
base em entrevistas, concedidas por profissionais da área e
estudantes das cidades do Recife e do Rio de Janeiro,
que foram submetidas às técnicas de análise qualitativa do
discurso, o que permitiu a detecção de recorrências e
inconsistências nas respostas dos entrevistados. Os
resultados desta análise definiram os padrões que
serviram de base comparativa para o terceiro aspecto: a
análise dos quadrinhos on-line veiculados na Internet, que
proveu informações sobre as tendências, novas
possibilidades e limitações.<br>With the development of digital technology, in the last 20
years, medias like television, video, cinema, radio,
printings etc, converged to the Internet, adapting to this
new instrument of communication. Comics, as mass media,
look for their place by adapting or developing new
vocabulary for their language and narrative. The
Introduction of new elements like sound, animation and
interactivity may change the way we read comics. Cinema,
comics, cartoons, TV, languages based on sequence
of images, continuously trade elements but have a very
structured language.
The effort of many artists to develop or adapt the language
of comics to digital media was perceived. But how to do
that in a medium that was not defined by its own language?
The objective of this dissertation is to investigate
initiatives to adapt the language of comics to digital
media. For this, we conducted our research focusing on
three aspects: the artist view - producer of comics, the
consumer of comics and, finally, an analysis of online
comics, to connect the previous points of view. The first
two aspects have been analyzed through interviews with
comic artists and students in Recife and Rio de Janeiro,
using a qualitative analysis of discourse, which
enabled us to detect recurrences and inconsistencies in the
answers of interviewees. The results of this analysis
define the comparative patterns for the third aspect:
online comics on the web, that provide information
about tendencies, new possibilities and limitations.
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Jonathan, Norris Allen. "Transitioning Central Appalachia: Understanding Framework Conditions Supporting the Adaptation to New Energy Economies." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1524242893014265.
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Chung, Lai-ping. "A study of the family life adaptation of new immigrant wives from China /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19470083.
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Imoro, Kari Benge. "Enriching Studio Thinking: A New Mind-Centered Approach for Curriculum Development in Art Education." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/228117.
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This study examines the use of Studio Thinking's Studio Habits of Mind (Hetland, Winner, Veenema & Sheridan, 2007) as a framework for curriculum design. In order to compare the ideas with other current art education theories, I conduct a literature review that identifies types of thinking accessed in the visual arts classroom. Through the comparison of Hetland et. al.'s Habits of Mind with those cited by current researchers, I discuss the relevance of the Studio Habits of Mind and propose an additional Habit of Mind: Investigate. In order to explore the use of these Habits as a framework for curriculum design, I design several lessons for a local after-school program using an objectives-based lesson template. The difficulty of applying this framework to an existing template indicates the need for a new unit/lesson plan template formatted specifically to a mind-centered approach. I present my design for a new unit template, lesson template and examples. The findings of this research point to a move in art education towards a mind-centered approach in the visual arts classroom and the use of a mind-centered template for unit and lesson planning.
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Gawith, David. "Estimating the adaptation deficit : an empirical analysis of the constraints on climate change adaptation in agriculture." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/274921.
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Agricultural adaptation to climate change is often simulated by changes in land use over time. Land use is commonly optimised in economic models, which rests on the neoclassical economic assumption of rational choice among farmers. A wealth of experimental and empirical evidence demonstrates that rational choice can be a poor approximation of human decision making. Models simulating adaptation by optimising producers’ behaviour are in effect simulating adaptive potential. Much evidence demonstrates that adaptive potential does not necessarily translate into adaptation. This investigation focuses on the ways by which farmers’ real-world adaptive behaviours depart from those assumed by the dominant economic models of agricultural responses to climate change. These departures are characterised as adaptation constraints, and they are assessed through an empirical case study of adaptive behaviours in the Hikurangi catchment, New Zealand. Data are collected using a mixed methodology comprising an extensive survey of rural decision making, to which this study contributes, and a suite of semi-structured interviews. The interviews give an understanding of the origins and processes of adaptation constraints, while the surveys provide information about the extent to which they impact adaptive propensity. These adaptation constraints are then formalised as mathematical rules and written into an existing agent-based model of land use change, which is substantially modified for the purposes of this study. Different combinations of constraints are then tested in order to produce estimates of their economic impacts. The constraints on adaptation are found to significantly reduce profits relative to a specification that assumes rational choice among farmers. This is understood to be the first empirically derived estimate of the extent of the adaptation deficit. The size of the deficit identified in this study implies that current economic models are likely to significantly underestimate the costs of adaptation to climate change, the benefits of climate change mitigation, and the residual loss and damage climate change will cause.
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Naidoo, Sagaren Krishna. "New rules for security and survival: Southern Africa's adaptation to a changing world environment." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003024.
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In the wake of the post-Cold War era, students of international relations were forced to review their theoretical frameworks to explain new rules for international peace and security. States are now confronted with new constraints for their security and survival as current trends in international politics depict a 'regionalisation' of peace and security. For southern Africa, likewise, the end of the Cold War and, moreover, apartheid, compels its member states to redefine their security strategies and mechanisms for survival. This thesis undertakes to examine southern Africa's adaptation to new rules of a changing world environment, to ensure a stable and secure region, into the next millennium. At the outset of this thesis lies a conceptual contextualisation of security within the major contemporary theoretical approaches of international relations. By examining the essential differences between the redefinitions and new conceptualisations of security, this thesis, firstly argues that the state in southern Africa must be retained as a primary referent of security. This argument is premised on the need to create stronger states for a 'regionalisation' of security in southern Africa. The second issue examined is the changing world environment and its impact on the state and development in Africa, as the new constraints to which the continent must adapt, for security and survival. Arguing that the new international economic order and 'globalisation' dictate the new rules, this chapter asserts that the 'weak' states in Africa need to be strengthened to have the necessary capacity to be the means for its people's security. Finally this thesis examines the new rules for southern Africa's adaptation to a changing world environment. The new rules for the African sub-continent involve the formation of a security regime and economic community with, the power-house, South Africa. Using the Southern African Development Community(SADC) as the umbrella body, the formation of the Organ for Politics, Defence and Security, and signing of trade protocols for a movement towards a free trade area, are evidence of southern Africa's attempts to adapt to new rules for its security. Such adaptation cannot, however, be accomplished with 'weak' states. Southern African states will have to, therefore, be strengthened to attain a more secure adaptation to the new international (economic) order.
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Kiss, Andreea. "Opportunistic Adaptation and New Venture Growth: Exploring the Link between Cognition, Action and Growth." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/managerialsci_diss/20.
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This dissertation introduces the model of opportunistic adaptation to explain new venture growth. In established firms processes of change and adaptation usually imply a transition from one steady-state strategy to another and a problem oriented perspective as firms change in response to potential threats to their current positions. However, in the context of new ventures, adaptation is less about moving from one existent strategy to another and more about the entrepreneur’s effort to reach a steady state for the first time by continuously experimenting and combining resources in creative and innovative ways. The model of opportunistic adaptation rests on three key assumptions: 1.) new venture growth results from actions grounded in an opportunistic (proactive) logic; 2.) entrepreneurial cognition is viewed as an antecedent to all organizational actions leading to growth; 3.) the relationship between entrepreneurial cognition and action is influenced by industry and firm level attributes. The model is tested using quantitative and qualitative data on new ventures founded between 1996 and 2006 in technology intensive industries. The results provide partial support for the notion of opportunistic adaptation as a process in which entrepreneurial cognition, firm and industry related factors are closely intertwined. The results of the dissertation suggest that some aspects of entrepreneurial cognition, such as entrepreneurial schema focus have a more direct effect on actions related to new venture growth than others whose effect is strongly moderated by contextual influences such as industry growth and social network heterogeneity. This dissertation also finds that not all types of organizational actions associated with an opportunity logic lead to new venture growth. Of the three action types included in the model (fast, diverse and frequent) only action diversity was found to have a positive impact on new venture growth. Theoretical implications of the study results for both the literature on new venture growth and the literature on organizational adaptation, as well as practical implications are discussed.
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Novack, Jennifer Leigh. "New kids on the European block : Finnish and Swedish adaptation to the European Union?" Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2002. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/2112/.
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This thesis examines Finnish and Swedish membership in the European Union since the two Nordic countries joined (along with Austria) in January 1995 to become "new kids on the European block." The author compares the strategies that national decision-makers have pursued in EU policy-making to assess the nature and extent of their adaptation to the European Union. This analysis relies on case studies of three policy areas: 1) Economic and Monetary Union (with a focus on the decision on whether or not to adopt the Euro in the first wave); 2) relations with non-EU neighbours in Northern Europe (with particular attention given to EU enlargement and the Northern Dimension Initiative); and 3) public access to documents. Although the thesis concentrates primarily on empirical analysis, it also provides a theoretical critique. The author argues that differences in the historical backgrounds, institutions, cultures, and identities of Finland and Sweden have led to differences in their approaches to the EU. The thesis presents a challenge to existing theoretical frameworks that leave little or no room for the four factors that are emphasised here, with particular attention given to the approaches of Andrew Moravcsik (1998) and Christine Ingebritsen (1998).