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Kassem, Salim (Salim Fernando) 1972. "Adaption to auditory localized cues from an enlarged head." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/46175.
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Rony, Mahbubul hasan. "Working from home: adaption, challenges, and recommended practice on a crises : a qualitative study in Bangladesh." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-98450.
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Bangladesh is the world's seven most populous country and its population with the average of 1000 people per square kilometer throughout the country. More than anything the country is facing unprecedented challenges due to Covid-19 pandemic. As of facing this unprepared challenge, the Government had to lockdown the country and the employees had to start working from home considering the situation and safety concerns. However, unlike the developed countries, the working from home scenario in Bangladesh is far more difficult as the concept is completely new. The difficulties are particularly seen in the advertising agency where the working culture needs to be collaborative. In addition to that, lack of preparation, shortage of right tools and support and overall, the new teleworking condition have turned the process overwhelming and complicated for the advertising agency employees. The purpose of this research is to explore the adaptation process of Advertising agencies during Covid-19 in Bangladesh. The research was qualitative in nature with an interpretivist perspective. As a deductive approach the concept of virtual work and its critical components were researched and later as an inductive approach email interviews with advertising agencies were conducted to discover and develop empirical understanding around the research topic. Through research it was discovered that the current work from home adaptation process has several shortcomings, without providing the required and special conditions for employees’ wellbeing and motivational factors. In addition to that, there is no adoption of any new collaborative tools that were found for the creative teams apart from the general communicative tools.
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Lundberg, Turid. "Translating from Practitioners to Patients : Adaption for a new type of readership." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-26550.
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The aim of this paper is to analyse the ways in which a Swedish translation of an English text intended as a manual for health practitioners needs to be adapted in order to function as an informative text aimed at patients, their families and other laymen interested in the subject. Focus lies on adaption of terminology, style, and target reader perspective. For this paper, selected parts of an English source text were translated into Swedish, and different adaptions prompted by the change in genre, intended target reader and purpose of the text were noticed and subsequently analysed. In the analysis, it became clear that translation of terminology can be treated through addition, omission or generalization where subject specific terms are not relevant for the intended readers. Under the subject of style, formality level defined through the usage of nominalizations and passives was analysed, and here, modulation and transposition proved useful for adapting the formality level to better fit the purpose of the text. Under the category of target reader perspective, omission, generalization and modulation of different kinds were translation strategies used to turn the focus from the intended ST reader to the intended TT reader. Defining or re-defining the subject of different actions was also necessary to shift the perspective from one intended group of readers to another. Finally, the analysis showed that different kinds of adaption may be purposeful in different situations.
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Leake, Christy. "Bitterroot Landing: An Adaptation from Novel to Stage." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1262.
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My thesis explores the process involved in adapting Sheri Reynolds' novel, Bitterroot Landing, into a stage play. During the adaptation process I faced numerous challenges, including structural issues, expanding or changing dialogue, omitting or melding scenes and characters, and dealing with the serious themes of incest and sexual abuse. This thesis describes these challenges and the steps I took to overcome them.
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Berardi, Emily Marie. "A Model of Children's Acquisition of Grammatical Word Categories from Adult Language Input Using an Adaption and Selection Algorithm." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6198.
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Previous models of language acquisition have had partial success describing the processes that children use to acquire knowledge of the grammatical categories of their native language. The present study used a computer model based on the evolutionary principles of adaptation and selection to gain further insight into children's acquisition of grammatical categories. Transcribed language samples of eight parents or caregivers each conversing with their own child served as the input corpora for the model. The model was tested on each child's language corpus three times: two fixed mutation rates as well as a progressively decreasing mutation rate, which allowed less adaptation over time, were examined. The output data were evaluated by measuring the computer model's ability to correctly identify the grammatical categories in 500 utterances from the language corpus of each child. The model's performance ranged between 78 and 88 percent correct; the highest performance overall was found for a corpus using the progressively decreasing mutation rate, but overall no clear pattern relative to mutation rate was found.
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Lilliecrona, David, and Jin Ria Zhang. "Factors to consider when adapting to M-commerce : From a design perspective." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för bibliotek, information, pedagogik och IT, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-8680.
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Mobile commerce through smart phones as an extension of the traditional electronic commerce is becoming widely implemented together with the IT development and increased usage of smart phones. The thesis is limited to the design factors to consider when adapting to m-commerce for the apparel industry, since this industry has a long experience in online and mail order business. Sales of clothing and footwear have its roots in the mail order business, which means that many users are already accustomed to purchase at a distance, which had facilitated the development.Adapting to the m-commerce trend has resulted in both profitable and user related benefits, but there are also some difficulties during the adaption to the several m-commerce solutions as well as to offer the user an accessible design and user experience. It is common that the smartphone is the only mobile device one has at the moment when a need occurs for product search or media consumption. Even though the screen size and the connection speed of a smart phone, people might at least make an attempt to use their smartphones for these purposes. For example, users keep having experiences of struggling with an unwieldy website on the smartphone to get something done. In conjunction with faster mobile networks and more powerful mobile devices, this behavior will become only more prevalent. The purpose is therefore to investigate the important design factors that exist when adapting to m-commerce and to find out what of these factors are important for the apparel industry to consider when adapting to m-commerce in order to develop an m-commerce design most suitable for the user experience. To obtain the purpose the main research question ”What are the design factors to consider for the apparel industry today when adapting to m-commerce?” is being answered in this thesis.To achieve the purpose of the study, qualitative process and data as well as quantitative process and data were used. From scientific articles, related work and independent surveys a theoretical review was carried out. The literature review has been conducted through search engines such as Summon from Högskolan i Borås and Google Scholar. The empirical study consist of an online self-completion questionnaire done by 40 respondents that has been distributed through social media, and two person-to-person interviews with the two Swedish companies in the apparel industry, Eton AB and a Swedish web shop. In the information collection we have always been concerned to get relevant, unbiased and reliable information. We have evaluated all the materials by the alternative criteria, trustworthiness as mentioned in Bryman & Bell (2011). This is done in order to uphold credibility, transferability, dependability and conformability in the material and conclusions founded in the study.The results from this study involve several factors focusing on the design that may be important when adapting to an m-commerce solution in the apparel industry. These factors are drawn from analysis and discussion of the collected theory and the empirical data, from different perspectives including; user habits, user expectations, perceived security contra actual security, the transaction chain, and payment methods. Factors that are found are: The importance to adapt to m-commerce, even if the smart phone traffic and orders are low at the moment; To achieve a good and trustworthy user interface; To have different options for the user, including payment and access options; The ease of use and navigation on the web shop; The visibility of products and to have clear information on the web shop; Learnability: to make it simple for the users to use the web shop; Efficiency: to secure so that the users don’t has to spend too much time and energy to complete their task; Effectiveness: concerning the speed and to which degree the user successfully complete their task; Satisfaction is critical since if the m-commerce system does not appeals to the user they may feel less inclined to use it; Payment systems concerning the adaption to payment solutions for m-commerce web shops; Liability consider who is responsible of what parts as well as making it easy for the users to understand who to turn to if they have questions or complaints; Privacy and security, considering how to defend the m-commerce solution towards increased security threats users may face as well as making the users trusting the web shop enough to use the solution.
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Bergqvist, Anders. "From the sugar age to the information age. : A new high school in Kävlinge." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-146819.
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Decommissioned buildings and structures from the industrial age constitutes a challenge for many municipalities when society and the global economy changes. The transformation of the old sugar mill in Kävlinge originates from that shift – from the production of goods to an information and knowledge based society. How can this type of building be re-programmed as a stimulating place for sharing and acquire knowledge, and at the same time perform well in terms of energy? The sustainable strategies for energy preservation includes a new transparent second skin - a glass corridor facade, which stores the heat from the thermal mass (bricks). It also includes a passive ventilation system, using underground ducts to heat or cool the building depending on season.<br>Avvecklade byggnader och strukturer från industrialismen utgör en utmaning för många kommuner när samhället och den globala ekonomin förändras. Omvandlingen av det gamla sockerbruket i Kävlinge tar sin utgångspunkt från det skiftet - från produktionen av varor till ett informations-och kunskapssamhället. Hur kan denna typ av byggnad omprogrammeras till en stimulerande plats för att dela och tillägna sig kunskap, och samtidigt prestera bra vad det gäller energi? De hållbara strategierna för energieffektivitet innefattar ett nytt transparent klimatskal som lagrar värmen från den termiska massan (tegel). Den innehåller också ett passivt ventilationssystem, som med hjälp av underjordiska schakt värmer eller kyler byggnaden beroende på säsong.
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Choudhuri, Debjani Pal. "Community planning for intervention for victims of domestic violence adaption of the model from Kassel, Germany, for disadvantaged urban neighbourhoods in Pune City, India." Kassel Kassel Univ. Press, 2007. http://d-nb.info/986634417/04.
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Choudhuri, Debjani Pal. "Community planning for intervention for victims of domestic violence adaption of the model from Kassel, Germany, for disadvantaged urban neighbourhoods in Pune City, India /." Kassel : Kassel Univ. Press, 2008. http://d-nb.info/99359347X/34.
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Choudhuri, Debjani Pal [Verfasser]. "Community planning for intervention for victims of domestic violence : adaption of the model from Kassel, Germany, for disadvantaged urban neighbourhoods in Pune City, India / Debjani Pal Choudhuri." Kassel : Kassel Univ. Press, 2008. http://d-nb.info/99359347X/34.
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Briglauer, Wolfgang. "The Impact of Regulation and Competition on the Adoption of Fiber-based Broadband Services: Recent Evidence from the European Member States." Forschungsinstitut für Regulierungsökonomie, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2013. http://epub.wu.ac.at/3777/1/117neu.pdf.
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Fibre deployment of next-generation high-speed broadband networks is considered to be a decisive
development for any information-based society, yet investment activities and especially the adoption
of fibre-based broadband services take place only very gradually in most countries. This work
identifies the most important determinants of the adoption of fibre-based broadband services, using the
most recent panel data from the European Union member states (EU27) for the years from 2004 to
2012.
The results show that the stricter previous broadband access regulation has a negative impact on
adoption, while competitive pressure from mobile networks affects adoption in a non-linear manner. It
appears that the approach of strict cost-based access regulation embedded in the EU regulatory
framework is at odds with the targets outlined in the European Commission's "Digital Agenda".
Finally, we also find strong evidence for network effects underlying the adoption process. (author's abstract)<br>Series: Working Papers / Research Institute for Regulatory Economics
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Briglauer, Wolfgang. "The Impact of Regulation and Competition on the Adoption of Fibre-Based Broadband Services: Recent Evidence from the European Union Member States." Forschungsinstitut für Regulierungsökonomie, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2013. http://epub.wu.ac.at/3942/1/Wolfgang_Briglauer_final_ITS_2013.pdf.
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Fibre deployment of next-generation high-speed broadband networks is considered to be a decisive development for any information-based society, yet investment activities and especially the adoption of fibre-based broadband services take place only very gradually in most countries. This work identifies the most important determinants of the adoption of fibre-based broadband services, using the most recent panel data from the European Union member states (EU27) for the years from 2004 to 2012. The results show that the stricter previous broadband access regulation has a negative impact on adoption, while competitive pressure from mobile networks affects adoption in a non-linear manner. It appears that the approach of strict cost-based access regulation embedded in the EU regulatory framework is at odds with the targets outlined in the European Commission's "Digital Agenda". Finally, we also find strong evidence for network effects underlying the adoption process. (author's abstract)<br>Series: Working Papers / Research Institute for Regulatory Economics
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Adriannse, Robert. "Adaptive local statistics filtering." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq21530.pdf.
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Holm, Henrik. "Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) for Question Answering in the Telecom Domain. : Adapting a BERT-like language model to the telecom domain using the ELECTRA pre-training approach." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-301313.
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The Natural Language Processing (NLP) research area has seen notable advancements in recent years, one being the ELECTRA model which improves the sample efficiency of BERT pre-training by introducing a discriminative pre-training approach. Most publicly available language models are trained on general-domain datasets. Thus, research is lacking for niche domains with domain-specific vocabulary. In this paper, the process of adapting a BERT-like model to the telecom domain is investigated. For efficiency in training the model, the ELECTRA approach is selected. For measuring target- domain performance, the Question Answering (QA) downstream task within the telecom domain is used. Three domain adaption approaches are considered: (1) continued pre- training on telecom-domain text starting from a general-domain checkpoint, (2) pre-training on telecom-domain text from scratch, and (3) pre-training from scratch on a combination of general-domain and telecom-domain text. Findings indicate that approach 1 is both inexpensive and effective, as target- domain performance increases are seen already after small amounts of training, while generalizability is retained. Approach 2 shows the highest performance on the target-domain QA task by a wide margin, albeit at the expense of generalizability. Approach 3 combines the benefits of the former two by achieving good performance on QA both in the general domain and the telecom domain. At the same time, it allows for a tokenization vocabulary well-suited for both domains. In conclusion, the suitability of a given domain adaption approach is shown to depend on the available data and computational budget. Results highlight the clear benefits of domain adaption, even when the QA task is learned through behavioral fine-tuning on a general-domain QA dataset due to insufficient amounts of labeled target-domain data being available.<br>Dubbelriktade språkmodeller som BERT har på senare år nått stora framgångar inom språkteknologiområdet. Flertalet vidareutvecklingar av BERT har tagits fram, bland andra ELECTRA, vars nyskapande diskriminativa träningsprocess förkortar träningstiden. Majoriteten av forskningen inom området utförs på data från den allmänna domänen. Med andra ord finns det utrymme för kunskapsbildning inom domäner med områdesspecifikt språk. I detta arbete utforskas metoder för att anpassa en dubbelriktad språkmodell till telekomdomänen. För att säkerställa hög effektivitet i förträningsstadiet används ELECTRA-modellen. Uppnådd prestanda i måldomänen mäts med hjälp av ett frågebesvaringsdataset för telekom-området. Tre metoder för domänanpassning undersöks: (1) fortsatt förträning på text från telekom-området av en modell förtränad på den allmänna domänen; (2) förträning från grunden på telekom-text; samt (3) förträning från grunden på en kombination av text från telekom-området och den allmänna domänen. Experimenten visar att metod 1 är både kostnadseffektiv och fördelaktig ur ett prestanda-perspektiv. Redan efter kort fortsatt förträning kan tydliga förbättringar inom frågebesvaring inom måldomänen urskiljas, samtidigt som generaliserbarhet kvarhålls. Tillvägagångssätt 2 uppvisar högst prestanda inom måldomänen, om än med markant sämre förmåga att generalisera. Metod 3 kombinerar fördelarna från de tidigare två metoderna genom hög prestanda dels inom måldomänen, dels inom den allmänna domänen. Samtidigt tillåter metoden användandet av ett tokenizer-vokabulär väl anpassat för båda domäner. Sammanfattningsvis bestäms en domänanpassningsmetods lämplighet av den respektive situationen och datan som tillhandahålls, samt de tillgängliga beräkningsresurserna. Resultaten påvisar de tydliga vinningar som domänanpassning kan ge upphov till, även då frågebesvaringsuppgiften lärs genom träning på ett dataset hämtat ur den allmänna domänen på grund av otillräckliga mängder frågebesvaringsdata inom måldomänen.
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Hodge, Lovell A. "An adaptive framework for sensor planning in a coordinated multi-agent environment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ65247.pdf.
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El-Sakka, Mahmoud R. "Adaptive digital image compression based on segmentation and block classification." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0001/NQ44784.pdf.
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Stokes-Rees, Ian. "A study of the automatic speech recognition process and speaker adaptation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0018/MQ56683.pdf.
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Shahrrava, Behnam. "Indirect stochastic adaptive control using optimal joint parameter and state estimation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0006/NQ32855.pdf.
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Gu, Hongping. "Real-time monitoring and adaptive control of CO¦2 laser beam welding." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0020/NQ38242.pdf.
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Armand, Mehran. "Adaptation in bipedal locomotion, insights from dynamic modelling, numerical optimization, and neuro-fuzzy-genetic programming." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0005/NQ30584.pdf.
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Bunch, Martin J. "An adaptive ecosystem approach to rehabilitation and management of the Cooum River environmental system in Chennai, India." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0016/NQ56673.pdf.
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Balslev, Ida Kathrine. "From interpretation to adaptation." Master's thesis, Akademie múzických umění v Praze.Divadelní fakulta. Knihovna, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-320492.
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The dramatic structure is like the skeleton that holds together the components and gives birth to the orchestration of the performance.This structure is essential to give the performance life.As a director in theatre it is our main tool. In defining the performance we define the dramaturgy. But what does the dramaturgy consist of and how do we get a hold of a tool, which is so driven by our intuition and how do we change it during the process? In this thesis work I will focus on how to use the dramatic principles in different works from interpretation to adaptation. I will explore how these principles function in each process and how they support the dramaturgy towards the creation of the performance.
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Al-Lawzi, Mahmod Jasim Mohammed. "The development of adaptive signal processing algorithms for the recovery of periodic signals." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.484187.
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Carvalho, Sara. "Adaptation from standing genetic variation and from mutation." Doctoral thesis, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/8499.
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Dissertation presented to obtain the Ph.D degree in Evolutionary Biology<br>Understanding the genetic basis of adaptation is crucial to explain the emergence and maintenance of the multitude of life forms we find on Earth today. Perhaps even more importantly, gaining knowledge about how fast organisms can cope with environmental changes may prove crucial in a world being altered at increasing speed due to the human actions. The study of adaptive evolution may therefore have major implications (and applications) in Agriculture, Conservation of endangered species and even Human Health.
Natural selection has long been appreciated as one of the predominant evolutionary mechanisms and it enjoys a solid theoretical framework regarding its requirements, its effects and its limitations. Empirically, however, it has proved quite challenging to study.
In wild populations natural selection is particularly difficult to characterize and measure since in these settings other evolutionary mechanisms (such as genetic drift or gene flow) often occur simultaneously. In addition to this, the different evolutionary mechanisms may vary greatly in time and in space with respect to their relative influences on the evolutionary dynamics of populations.(...)
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Torres, Hannah Rose. "How Lessons from a Past Disaster Can Influence Resilience and Climate Adaptation in Broward County, Florida." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6768.
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In the face of future uncertainties, many places are struggling with decisions about how to prepare for and adapt to climate change. The purpose of this research is to shed light on the concept of resilience, and uncover lessons for resilience-building exposed by a past disaster, Hurricane Wilma.
The dissertation begins with an introduction (Chapter 1) detailing the research problem, key terms and overall research design. The study was conducted in three distinct phases. The first phase (Chapter 2), explored the concept of resilience to understand how it was defined in three South Florida communities. Content analyses of city and county documents were conducted to extract explicit definitions of resilience as well as implicit definitions based on carefully selected keywords. Results showed the engineering resilience concept was most prevalent across all three study areas. Furthermore, keywords related to the dimension of the built environment were most common in Broward and Lee Counties. While this may indicate a need for communities to shift toward more progressive, social-ecological conceptualizations of resilience, a more central conclusion was that local applications of resilience frameworks need to be more explicit about how they define resilience, and what resilience-building looks like in that particular context.
Phase two (Chapter 3) explored the interplay between specified resilience, addressing resistance to known disturbances, and general resilience, addressing a system's capacity to deal with less predictable shocks. This phase entailed a content analysis of 172 Sun-Sentinel newspaper articles about Hurricane Wilma. Prominent themes that emerged included distribution of benefits and risks, social learning and memory, cross-scale issues, vulnerability and social networks. This chapter concludes with four specific recommendations for Broward County to enhance resilience to future storms and less predictable disturbances, like climate change and sea level rise.
During the third phase (Chapter 4) a modified resilience activation framework was applied to analyze social factors that may limit or promote adaptive capacity in South Florida. Focus groups with homeowners were used to gain insight about past experiences with Hurricane Wilma, as well as perceptions and expectations regarding local climate adaptation efforts. Results showed that risk perceptions, insurance practices, and social networks may influence the willingness and ability of individuals to prepare for and adapt to disasters. Social limits to adaptation among participants included inaccurate risk perceptions based on past experiences and feelings of helplessness, and a lack of political trust at the state level. Social resources that can be leveraged to enhance adaptive capacity included knowledge reserves of long-term residents, strong bonding capital, and trust in local, non-elected government employees.
Results from each phase of research were synthesized to create a novel procedural roadmap to guide how communities integrate resiliency into their planning documents.
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Torgrimsson, Jan. "Adaptive filtering of VLF data from space." Thesis, KTH, Rymd- och plasmafysik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-91544.
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Rasic, Jeffrey Thomas. "Paleoalaskan adaptive strategies viewed from northwestern Alaska." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2008/j_rasic_042408.pdf.
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Westergård, Cecilia. "From Brokeback Mountain to Brokeback Mountain : A Critical Study of the Adaptation Process from Short Story to Film." Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-3837.
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<p>The essay investigates the film adaptation process of the short story "Brokeback Mountain". The short story is compared to the film manuscript and the film. The process of adaptation is analyzed through a narratological perspective and uses Linda Hutcheon's "A Theory of Adaptation" as a starting point when analyzing matters such as focalization, narrators,voiceovers and framed narratives.</p>
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Mendizábal, Eceizabarrena Isabel 1981. "Demography and genetic adaptation: examples from human populations." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/104536.
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The human colonization of worldwide landmasses occurred through complex patterns of dispersal and admixture. At the same time, the survival in the different areas of the world depended on the adaptation to new habitats that imposed novel selective challenges. With the advent of high-throughput genotyping technologies and dense catalogues of human genetic variation, the demographic history of many human populations has been unraveled from genomic data, with important implications in medical genetics. However, several human groups are yet to be genetically characterized. These incomplete past histories include the determination of ancestries of the current Cuban population, as well as the origins and dispersal of European Romani, whose demographic history is aimed to be reconstructed in this work. Finally, the present study also aims to describe the genetic basis and evolution of one of the most striking human phenotypes, the African Pygmy height.<br>La colonización humana de las diferentes masas continentales se produjo mediante complejos patrones de dispersión y mezcla. La supervivencia en las diversas regiones del planeta ha dependido de la adaptación a las presiones selectivas impuestas por los nuevos hábitats. Con el desarrollo de tecnologías de genotipado masivo y las bases de datos de la diversidad genética humana, la historia demográfica de muchas poblaciones humanas, y sus implicaciones médicas, han sido descritas. Sin embargo, algunas poblaciones todavía no han sido caracterizadas genéticamente. Por ejemplo, tanto la descomposición de la ancestría genética de la población cubana actual como los orígenes y la dispersión de los gitanos europeos siguen siendo historias incompletas que se han reconstruido en esta tesis. Finalmente, este estudio también tiene como objetivo describir la evolución y las bases genéticas de uno de los fenotipos humanos más llamativos, la altura de los pigmeos africanos.
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Ramsey, Michael W. "Cardiovascular Adaptation from Various Intensities of Endurance Training." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4080.
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White, Rebecca Arwen. "The classic-novel adaptation from 1995 to 2009." Thesis, Durham University, 2010. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/443/.
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This thesis explores the dynamic relationship between the nineteenth-century novel and the screen, interrogating evolving trends in film and television adaptation from the mid-1990s to 2009. In contrast to many other studies in this field, such productions are understood as both adaptations and ‘costume dramas’, whilst the often neglected televisual context is highlighted alongside the paratexts which shape and surround adaptations. At the same time, the enduring (yet often dismissed) notion of ‘fidelity’ is recognised and developed, as expectations of faithfulness extend beyond the literary text to privilege the legacies of prior adaptations. As this thesis will show, classic-novel adaptations are increasingly framed by change and tension, as movements towards ‘contemporising’ representations of the past, and reinvigorating costume drama, have been shadowed by a growing unease with the stylistic innovation and ubiquity of the genre. An introductory chapter outlines theoretical approaches towards, and critical studies of, adaptation and costume drama, contextualising this thesis whilst defining new directions for study. Chapter one focuses upon Jane Austen, re-exploring the significance of Andrew Davies’s Pride and Prejudice (1995) and examining ‘Austenmania’s’ tense pull between tradition and innovation. Chapter two considers how conflicting perceptions of what constitutes ‘Gaskellian’ become interlinked with the struggle to characterise contemporary period adaptation. Chapter three explores the evolving interrelationship between the Brontës, the ‘Brontë Myth’ and the screen, whilst chapter four readdresses the long history of adapting Dickens, the ‘Dickensian’ film redefined by Davies’s ‘soap-like’ treatment of Bleak House (2005). A concluding chapter examines classic-novel adaptation in 2009, returning to Austen as emblematic of many of the issues confronting the genre, and offering some thoughts about its immediate future. Above all, this study interrogates the ever-shifting relationship between text and screen, enabling refreshing interpretations of both novel and adaptation.
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Carruthers, Madeleine. "Adaptive divergence in fishes : insights from ecological transcriptomics." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/30700/.
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Fenton, Adrian Francis. "Microfinance and climate change adaptation : insights from Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17707/.
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Climate change is one of the biggest environmental problems facing humanity, particularly for developing countries which are highly vulnerable to environmental and climate hazards. If citizens of these countries are to adapt there must be sufficient incentives, knowledge, resources, skills, and an absence of market failures and barriers that discourage adaptation. Growing interest exists in how microfinance can facilitate adaptation. However, much of the existing literature remains conjectural, positively biased, and insufficiently uses adaptation concepts. Additional studies of microfinance-adaptation linkages adopting an adaptation lens are needed to address knowledge gaps. The aim of this thesis has been to contribute to microfinance-adaptation literature by examining conceptual arguments and exploring empirical data. To achieve this, a pragmatic philosophy, mixed-methods approach, and an abductive strategy were adopted. The research location was Noapara Village, Bangladesh, providing a representative case-study of the local area. The unit of analysis was the household, facilitating understanding of relationships between microfinance, livelihoods, autonomous adaptation, and environmental and climate hazards. Methods included a household survey, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions. The fieldwork was iterative and sequenced to facilitate subsequent research and triangulation. Analytical categorisation was undertaken iteratively, building on initial descriptive coding and drawing on literature themes to interpret the material. The first thesis objective was to explore features and patterns of autonomous household livelihood adaptation to better understand responses to environmental and climate hazards. Most households were found to have implemented reactive measures reducing livelihood risk. Two forms of transformational adaptation linked to socioeconomic status emerged: low-cost involuntary measures which reduce income, and high-cost voluntary measures taking advantage of emerging opportunities. The second objective was to explore the influence microfinance had on household efforts to reduce vulnerability to environmental and climate hazards. Households used credit to cope and adapt but credit limits prevented many households from adopting transformative opportunities. Often credit usage sacrificed longer term prospects for livelihood improvement for short-term security and at times led to over-indebtedness. The third objective was to explore how local-level microfinance institution representatives have responded to environmental and climate hazards and their ability to foster adaptation. Branch managers have done little in response to the problems posed by flooding, and are unable to screen clients or effectively manage aggregated risk. Reducing vulnerability by encouraging adaptation among clients holds promise but climate proofing products and partnering with other institutions is required. The thesis demonstrates that the existing literature relies on an overly simplistic view of potential microfinance-adaptation linkages, arguably due to insufficient consideration of adaptation concepts. However, the microfinance-adaptation literature is in its early stages. This thesis has contributed by providing a more nuanced study, producing different types of data, employing different data collection and interpretation approaches, and exploring both positive and negative linkages. This thesis arguably represents the first in-depth empirical study using an adaptation lens. Several important research findings were uncovered which show both signs of promise and concern. Future research can build upon this thesis, deepening understanding of how and under what conditions microfinance can reduce vulnerability. In summary, this thesis found that microfinance currently does not provide the necessary ingredients households require to transformationally adapt. Considering that future projections estimate non-marginal change to be ever more necessary, adaptation planners cannot rely upon the microfinance system to facilitate sufficient adaptation levels. The microfinance system can arguably benefit as much from adaptation planning as adaptation planning can benefit from microfinance. However, microfinance offers a potential conduit to support vulnerable communities. Microfinance programmes need climate proofing, so that investment patterns incentivised are ‘climate-compatible’. Additionally, microfinance institutions need to partner with other development actors to ensure households receive the holistic support required to adapt and thus reduce institutional vulnerability.
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Moniruzzaman, Shaikh. "Climate change adaptation and recovery from climate hazards : microeconometric evidence from rural Bangladesh." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2017. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3682/.
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This thesis addresses two important issues of environmental and resource economics: how agricultural households adapt to climate change (CC) and how the households recover from climate hazards. Chapter 1 attempts to enunciate the perspective of the overall research and the rationale for researching on Bangladesh. It summarizes the global evidences of CC and disaster, their impacts, vulnerabilities in agriculture sector, significance of adaptation and poverty impact of disaster. Chapter 2 examines whether crop choice is affected by CC and the extent to which households switch their crops in response to the CC scenarios. It finds that crop choice is climate-sensitive and a shift in crop choices will take place in Bangladesh in response to CC scenarios. This research also finds that crop choice will be more sensitive to change in temperature than change in rainfall. Chapter 3 examines the effect of CC on crop diversification and the households’ response to CC scenarios. It finds that crop diversity is climate sensitive and this diversity in different locations varies with climatic conditions. Effects of rainfall scenarios on crop diversity are much lower compared to the effects of temperature. Chapter 4 investigates the impact of cyclone on consumption and income dynamics in a quasi-experimental setting and finds that low income people are more sensitive of their asset loss to income generation compared to the high income people, and disaster causes income loss, but, people show their resilience in accelerating higher income growth compared to the non-affected areas. Chapter 5 examines poverty group dynamics in the post-shock period and the existence of a poverty trap in the cyclone affected coastal region of Bangladesh. It finds that asset loss or asset holding impacts the dynamism of the poverty groups and poverty traps exists at low levels of income in the disaster affected areas compared to the unaffected areas.
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Soulodre, Gilbert A. "Adaptive methods for removing camera noise from film soundtracks." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0017/NQ55423.pdf.
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Zheng, C. "High performance adaptive MIMO detection : from algorithm to implementation." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.557888.
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Adaptive-Multiple Input Multiple Output (A-MIMO) techniques are regarded as one of the core techniques in 3G/4G wireless communication systems and beyond. One of the key challenges for A- MIMO systems is to retrieve the spatially mixed transmitted symbols at the receiver. However, only a few high performance detection algorithms have been successfully implemented to achieve real-time performance. This thesis concentrates on developing high performance adaptive modulation MIMO detection algorithms and Model Based Design (MBD) techniques that bridge the gap between detection algorithms and efficient embedded implementations. From the algorithm perspective, this work proposes a novel near-optimal low complexity detection algorithm, Real-valued Fixed-complexity Sphere Decoder (RFSD). The RFSD is derived to achieve quasi-ML decoding performance as FSD, which is the most promising low complexity high performance parallel detection algorithm in existence, but with over 70% complexity reduction. In addition, an adaptive detection algorithm is proposed. This detection algorithm alleviates the BER degradation current high performance detection algorithms experience and provides up to 46% BER improvement for small constellation dominated hybrid modulated MIMO systems. It also balances detection performance and complexity for MIMO configurations under different environments. From the implementation perspective, a Regular Choice Petri Net (RCPN) is proposed to accurately model and rapid implement the adaptive detection algorithms. The Texas Instruments l"MS320C64+ DSP-based realisations from the RCPN model demonstrate 90% reduction in run-time overhead and 10% reduction in code memory as compared to languages in existence. Furthermore, an MBD design approach is developed to convert RCPN models into embedded implementations, by creating an automated allocation method and introducing the kernel concept from streaming applications into the scheduling process. The resulting FPGA based multi-SIMD implementation achieves real time performance with at least 52.6% less hardware resource or over 65% reduction in mapping complexity as compared to conventional schemes.
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Kelley, Joanna L. "Adaptive evolution : from genome-wide scans to biological significance /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10256.
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Manamasa, Krishna Himaja. "Domain adaptation from 3D synthetic images to real images." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-19303.
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Background. Domain adaptation is described as, a model learning from a source data distribution and performing well on the target data. This concept, Domain adaptation is applied to assembly-line production tasks to perform an automatic quality inspection. Objectives. The aim of this master thesis is to apply this concept of 3D domain adaptation from synthetic images to real images. It is an attempt to bridge the gap between different domains (synthetic and real point cloud images), by implementing deep learning models that learn from synthetic 3D point cloud (CAD model images) and perform well on the actual 3D point cloud (3D Camera images). Methods. Through this course of thesis project, various methods for understand- ing the data and analyzing it for bridging the gap between CAD and CAM to make them similar is looked into. Literature review and controlled experiment are research methodologies followed during implementation. In this project, we experiment with four different deep learning models with data generated and compare their performance to know which deep learning model performs best for the data. Results. The results are explained through metrics i.e, accuracy and train time, which were the outcomes of each of the deep learning models after the experiment. These metrics are illustrated in the form of graphs for comparative analysis between the models on which the data is trained and tested on. PointDAN showed better results with higher accuracy compared to the other 3 models. Conclusions. The results attained show that domain adaptation for synthetic images to real images is possible with the data generated. PointDAN deep learning model which focuses on local feature alignment and global feature alignment with single-view point data shows better results with our data.
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Thatcher, Bradley John Carleton University Dissertation Biology. "Properties of enzymes from mammalian hibernators; structure, function, relationships." Ottawa, 1997.
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Arivalagan, immanuel Jaison Rathina Raj. "Insights from shell proteome : biomineralization control and environmental adaptation in bivalves." Thesis, Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MNHN0026/document.
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Le processus de biominéralisation confère aux organismes qui le développent une valeur adaptative. La coquille carbonatée des mollusques intègre les fonctions de protection biomécanique à différentes échelles. La coquille résulte de l'association de composés inorganiques et d'une matrice organique protéique, médiatrice du contrôle biologique de la minéralisation. L'analyse du protéome de la coquille chez 4 espèces de bivalves met en évidence deux patrons fonctionnels et leur degré de conservation phylogénétique : l'un lié au contrôle de la minéralisation stricto sensu ; l'autre à la protection immune. L'étude de populations vivant à l'état naturel en mer Baltique, dont les eaux présentent localement de fortes variations ioniques montre que le protéome intègre également l'impact de conditions environnementales limitantes. L'anthropocène impose un rythme adaptatif pressant aux organismes et la modification acido-basique des eaux océaniques est susceptible d'impacter sensiblement les organismes calcifiants. La signature de mécanismes adaptatifs du contrôle biologique de la biominéralisation se traduit dans le protéome de la coquille. Les implications sont particulièrement signifiantes dans un contexte d'intérêt de développement aquacole grandissant<br>In this study, the SMPs from four commercially important and divergent bivalve species crassostrea gigas (pacific oyster), Mya truncata (soft shell clam), Mytilus edulis (blue mussel) and Pecten maximus (king scallop) were extracted and analysed using standardized extraction protocol and proteomic pipeline. This enables us to identify critical elements of basic biomineralization tool kit for calcification process irrespective of their shell morphology, mineralogy and microstructure. In addition, it enables the identification of SMPs that are specific to calcite and aragonite mineralogies. The signifiant numbers of SMPs found species-specific were hypothesized as adaptation to their modus vivendi. In fact, the latter proteins possess immunity-related functions and fit into specific pathway, phenoloxidase, suggesting their role in defense against pathogen. The comparative study of shell proteome of mussels living in full marine condition, North Sea and the Iow saline Baltic Sea showed the modulation of the SMPs that constitute the basic biomineralization tool kit. Higher modulation of chitin related proteins and non-modulated protein such as carbonic anhydrase, EGF and fibronectin domain containing proteins points out the impaired scaffold and mineral nucleation process in Baltic mussel. The modulation of immunity related proteins denote the influence of biotic components. These investigations show the functional diversity of SMPs and their roles beyond shell formation in the bivalvesand put forth the idea that shell is dynamic, endowed with both biochemical and mechanical protection
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Chen, Jun. "Conifer Evolution, from Demography and Local Adaptation to Evolutionary Rates : Examples from the Picea genus." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Växtekologi och evolution, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-177482.
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Evolutionary process can be inferred at three different levels: the species level, the population level and the molecular level. In this thesis, I applied approaches at these three levels and aimed to get a comprehensive picture of conifer evolution, from speciation and demography to geographic variation and local adaptation, and then to the molecular evolution of proteins and small regulatory RNAs. Spruce species have been observed to possess a large number of trans-species shared polymorphisms. Using an “Isolation with migration” model, we found that the large effective population size of spruce retained these shared polymorphisms, inheriting them from the common ancestor. Post-divergence gene flow only existed between Picea abies and P. glauca, and between P. wilsonii and P. schrenkiana. The combination of Tajima’s D and Fay & Wu’s H at most of loci suggested an ancient and severe bottleneck for most species except P. breweriana. Furthermore, I investigated the effect of local selection in two parallel clines, which is one of the major forces that can cause divergence or even speciation. The timing of bud set and growth cessation was found correlated with latitude in populations of P. abies and P. obovata. Using allele frequency spectrum analyses we identified three genes under local selection in both species including two circadian-clock genes GI and PRR7, and one photoperiodic gene FTL2. This indicated that parallel evolution could occur through groups of genes within related pathways. Clinal variation at expression level provided stronger evidence of selection in FTL2, which has previously been associated with bud set in P. abies. Finally we focused on the molecular evolution of mRNA and small regulatory RNAs in P. abies. With the help of Next-Generation sequencing, we have achieved in spruce the first de novel assembly of the needle transcriptome and a preliminary characterization of sRNA populations. Along with features common in plants, spruce also exhibited novelties in many aspects including lower substitution rate and protein evolutionary rate, dominance of 21-nt sRNA, and a large proportion of TIR-NBS-LRR genes as sRNA sources and targets.
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Pratt, Thomas G. "Adaptive processing of mainbeam scattered interference from multiple broadband signals." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/13925.
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La, Rocque Mark Edward. "The political adaptation of recent immigrants from the former Yugoslavia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0004/MQ30499.pdf.
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Meqdadi, Omar M. "Understanding and identifying large-scale adaptive changes from version histories." Thesis, Kent State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3618864.
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<p> A systematic study of the adaptive maintenance process is undertaken. The research aims to better understand how developers adapt and migrate systems in response to such things as large API changes. The ultimate goal is to support the construction of automated methods and tools to support the adaptive maintenance process. The main case study involves an exhaustive manual investigation of a number of open source systems (e.g., KOffice, Extragear/graphics, and OpenGL) during a time when a large adaptive maintenance task was taking place. In each case the adaptive maintenance task involved a substantial API migration (e.g., Qt3 to Qt4) that took place over multiple years. Additionally, the systems were also undergoing other modifications (perfective and corrective) such as bug fixing and the addition of new features. The main goal of the study was to identify and distinguish the adaptive maintenance changes from the other types of changes. These adaptive maintenance commits are then analyzed to identify common characteristics and trends. The analysis examines the amount of change taking place for each commit, the vocabulary of the commit messages, the authorship of the changes, and the stereotype of modified methods. The data provides a point of reference for the study of these types of changes. This is also the first published in-depth and systematic examination of large adaptive maintenance tasks. The results show that adaptive maintenance tasks involve a relatively few number of large changes. There are also few developers involved in this task and they use a somewhat standard vocabulary in describing the associated commits. </p><p> This information is they used as a means to automatically identify adaptive changes. An information retrieval technique, namely Latent Semantic Analysis, is used to retrieve relevant adaptive commits when querying the commits available in the version control system. The approach was found to have good accuracy. Our results show that the approach accurately retrieves relevant adaptive commits, with nearly 90% recall. Additionally, a means to uncover a set of traceability links between source code files and other artifacts resulting from adaptive maintenance tasks is developed. The validation results show highly precision predictions using TraceLab components.</p>
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SILVA, ADELAILSON PEIXOTO DA. "MULTIRESOLUTION ADAPTIVE MESH EXTRACTION FROM VOLUMES, USING SIMPLIFICATION AND REFINEMENT." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2002. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=3636@1.
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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO<br>Este trabalho apresenta um método para extração de malhas
poligonais adaptativas em multi-resolução, a partir de
objetos volumétricos. As principais aplicações da
extração
de malhas estão ligadas à área médica, dinâmica de
fluidos,
geociências, meteorologia, dentre outras. Nestas áreas os
dados podem ser representados como objetos volumétricos.
Nos dados volumétricos as informações estão representadas
implicitamente, o que dificulta o processamento direto
dos
objetos que se encontram representados dentro do volume.
A
extração da malha visa obter uma representação explícita
dos objetos, de modo a viabilizar o processamento dos
mesmos. O método apresentado na tese procura extrair a
malha a partir de processos de Simplicação e Refinamento.
Durante a simplificação é extraída uma representação
super
amostrada do objeto (na mesma resolução do volume
inicial),
a qual é simplificada de modo a se obter uma malha base
ou
malha grossa, em baixa resolução, porém contendo a
topologia correta do objeto.
A etapa de refinamento utiliza a transformada de distâ
ncia
para obter uma representação da malha em multi-resolução,
ou seja, a cada instante é obtida uma malha de maior
resolução que vai se adaptando progressivamente à
geometria
do objeto. A malha final apresenta uma série de
propriedades
importantes, como boa razão de aspecto dos triângulos,
converge para a superfície do objeto, pode ser aplicada
tanto a objetos com borda quanto a objetos sem borda,
pode
ser aplicada tanto a superfície conexas quanto a não
conexas, dentre outras.<br>This work presents a method for extracting multiresolution
adaptive polygonal meshes, from volumetric objects. Main
aplications of this work are related to medical area, fluid
dynamics, geosciences, metheorology and others. In these
areas data may be represented as volumetric objects.
Volumetric datasets are implicit representations of
objects, so it s very dificult to apply directly any
process to these objects. Mesh extraction obtains an
explicit representation of the objetc, such that it s
easier to process directly the objects.
The presented method extracts the mesh from two main
processes: Simplification and Refinement. The
simplification step extracts a supersampled representation
of the object (in the same volume resolution), and
simplifies it in such a way to obtain a base mesh (or
coarse mesh), in a low resolution, but containing the
correct topology of the object. Refinement step uses the
distance transform to obtain a multiresolution
representation of the mesh, it means that at each instant
it s obtained an adaptive higher resolution mesh. The final
mesh presents a set of important properties, like good
triangle aspect ratio, convergency to the object surface,
may be applied as to objects with boundary and as to
objects with multiple connected components, among others
properties.
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Chalmers, C. "Adaptive health monitoring using aggregated energy readings from smart meters." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2017. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/7543/.
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Worldwide, the number of people living with self-limiting conditions, such as Dementia, Parkinson’s disease and depression, is increasing. The resulting strain on healthcare resources means that providing 24-hour monitoring for patients is a challenge. As this problem escalates, caring for an ageing population will become more demanding over the next decade, and the need for new, innovative and cost effective home monitoring technologies are now urgently required. The research presented in this thesis directly proposes an alternative and cost effective method for supporting independent living that offers enhancements for Early Intervention Practices (EIP). In the UK, a national roll out of smart meters is underway. Energy suppliers will install and configure over 50 million smart meters by 2020. The UK is not alone in this effort. In other countries such as Italy and the USA, large scale deployment of smart meters is in progress. These devices enable detailed around-the-clock monitoring of energy usage. Specifically, each smart meter records accurately the electrical load for a given property at 10 second intervals, 24 hours a day. This granular data captures detailed habits and routines through user interactions with electrical devices. The research presented in this thesis exploits this infrastructure by using a novel approach that addresses the limitations associated with current Ambient Assistive Living technologies. By applying a novel load disaggregation technique and leveraging both machine learning and cloud computing infrastructure, a comprehensive, nonintrusive and personalised solution is achieved. This is accomplished by correlating the detection of individual electrical appliances and correlating them with an individual’s Activities of Daily Living. By utilising a random decision forest, the system is able to detect the use of 5 appliance types from an aggregated load environment with an accuracy of 96%. By presenting the results as vectors to a second classifier both normal and abnormal patient behaviour is detected with an accuracy of 92.64% and a mean squared error rate of 0.0736 using a random decision forest. The approach presented in this thesis is validated through a comprehensive patient trial, which demonstrates that the detection of both normal and abnormal patient behaviour is possible.
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Peikert, Christioher Jason 1978. "Adaptive security in the threshold setting : from cryptosystems to signatures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/86696.
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Thesis (M.Eng. and S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2001.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-58).<br>by Christopher Jason Peikert.<br>M.Eng.and S.B.
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Cattell, Joseph Harry 1977. "Adaptive feedforward cancellation viewed from an oscillator amplitude control perspective." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28280.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2003.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 335-340).<br>This thesis presents methods of characterizing the convergence, error, stability, and robustness properties of Adaptive Feedforward Cancellation (AFC) for use on fast tool servos in high-precision turning applications. Previous work has shown that classical control techniques can be used to analyze the stability and robustness of an AFC loop. However, determination of the convergence and error properties of the closed-loop system to changes in the reference or disturbance signal is not an obvious output of these analyses. We have developed a method of viewing AFC from an oscillator amplitude control (OAC) perspective, which provides additional use of classical control techniques to determine the convergence and error properties of the closed-loop system. AFC is a form of repetitive control that can be used to significantly improve periodic trajectory following/disturbance rejection. Fast tool servos used in high-precision turning applications commonly follow periodic trajectories and develop large errors, which usually occur at integer harmonics of the fundamental spindle rotation frequency. We have developed a loop-shaping approach to designing multiple resonator AFC controllers and have implemented this design on a commercially available piezoelectric (PZ) driven FTS using a PC-based digital control system. Our view of Adaptive Feedforward Cancellation from an oscillator amplitude control perspective builds upon previous work in the literature. We use an averaging analysis to simplify the single resonator AFC system into two coupled single-input single-output (SISO) oscillator amplitude control loops and show that by using the correct rotation matrix, these loops are effectively decoupled. This simplification provides the use of classical control techniques to approximate the dynamics of the closedloop output to changes in the amplitude or frequency of the reference/disturbance signal. The simulated and experimental results conform well to our analytical predictions for sufficiently low gain values.<br>by Joseph Harry Cattell.<br>S.M.
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Haugen, Andreas. "Adapting to Democracy: Voter Turnout Among Immigrants from Authoritarian Regimes." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-437702.
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Voting in an election is the most basic and fundamental form of political participation in a democracy. Citizens are given the opportunity to elect legislators that take political decisions on their behalf. As immigration is increasing globally, many immigrants find themselves with this opportunity for the very first time immigrating from authoritarian regimes. Are immigrants from authoritarian regime able to adapt to their new political setting, or is there an observable difference in voter turnout based on the regime-type of the immigrant’s native country? There exist three branches of theories within the theoretical framework of political resocializa-tion: the theory of exposure, the theory of transferability and the theory of resistance. Previous research on the adaptability of immigrants from authoritarian regimes is often single case stud-ies that only analyse one of the three branches or analyse different forms of political participa-tion and have produced somewhat contradicting results. With empirical evidence remaining the relationship between voter turnout and regime-type is yet to be fully comprehended. By using data from the European Value Survey, this study tests all three theories of political resocializa-tion in 34 countries, to further generate insight into this matter. The results show that immigrants from authoritarian regimes are not less likely to vote in the national election of their new host country. The amount of exposure to the new host country, or whether the immigrant spent his “formative years” in the authoritarian regime are not statisti-cally significant to voting. Age, marital status, education and income are shown to be more statistically significant predictors to voter turnout, compared to regime-type.
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Rosado, José Fernando Fachada. "Adaptive biped locomotion from a single demonstration using motion primitives." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/17303.
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Doutoramento em Engenharia Eletrotécnica<br>Este trabalho aborda o problema de capacidade de imitação da locomoção
humana através da utilização de trajetórias de baixo nível codificadas com
primitivas de movimento e utilizá-las para depois generalizar para novas
situações, partindo apenas de uma demonstração única. Assim, nesta linha de
pensamento, os principais objetivos deste trabalho são dois: o primeiro é
analisar, extrair e codificar demonstrações efetuadas por um humano, obtidas
por um sistema de captura de movimento de forma a modelar tarefas de
locomoção bípede. Contudo, esta transferência não está limitada à simples
reprodução desses movimentos, requerendo uma evolução das capacidades
para adaptação a novas situações, assim como lidar com perturbações
inesperadas. Assim, o segundo objetivo é o desenvolvimento e avaliação de
uma estrutura de controlo com capacidade de modelação das ações, de tal
forma que a demonstração única apreendida possa ser modificada para o robô
se adaptar a diversas situações, tendo em conta a sua dinâmica e o ambiente
onde está inserido.
A ideia por detrás desta abordagem é resolver o problema da generalização a
partir de uma demonstração única, combinando para isso duas estruturas
básicas. A primeira consiste num sistema gerador de padrões baseado em
primitivas de movimento utilizando sistemas dinâmicos (DS). Esta abordagem
de codificação de movimentos possui propriedades desejáveis que a torna ideal
para geração de trajetórias, tais como a possibilidade de modificar determinados
parâmetros em tempo real, tais como a amplitude ou a frequência do ciclo do
movimento e robustez a pequenas perturbações. A segunda estrutura, que está
embebida na anterior, é composta por um conjunto de osciladores acoplados
em fase que organizam as ações de unidades funcionais de forma coordenada.
Mudanças em determinadas condições, como o instante de contacto ou
impactos com o solo, levam a modelos com múltiplas fases. Assim, em vez de
forçar o movimento do robô a situações pré-determinadas de forma temporal, o
gerador de padrões de movimento proposto explora a transição entre diferentes
fases que surgem da interação do robô com o ambiente, despoletadas por
eventos sensoriais. A abordagem proposta é testada numa estrutura de
simulação dinâmica, sendo que várias experiências são efetuadas para avaliar
os métodos e o desempenho dos mesmos.<br>This work addresses the problem of learning to imitate human locomotion actions
through low-level trajectories encoded with motion primitives and generalizing
them to new situations from a single demonstration. In this line of thought, the
main objectives of this work are twofold: The first is to analyze, extract and
encode human demonstrations taken from motion capture data in order to model
biped locomotion tasks. However, transferring motion skills from humans to
robots is not limited to the simple reproduction, but requires the evaluation of
their ability to adapt to new situations, as well as to deal with unexpected
disturbances. Therefore, the second objective is to develop and evaluate a
control framework for action shaping such that the single-demonstration can be
modulated to varying situations, taking into account the dynamics of the robot
and its environment.
The idea behind the approach is to address the problem of generalization from
a single-demonstration by combining two basic structures. The first structure is
a pattern generator system consisting of movement primitives learned and
modelled by dynamical systems (DS). This encoding approach possesses
desirable properties that make them well-suited for trajectory generation, namely
the possibility to change parameters online such as the amplitude and the
frequency of the limit cycle and the intrinsic robustness against small
perturbations. The second structure, which is embedded in the previous one,
consists of coupled phase oscillators that organize actions into functional
coordinated units. The changing contact conditions plus the associated impacts
with the ground lead to models with multiple phases. Instead of forcing the robot’s
motion into a predefined fixed timing, the proposed pattern generator explores
transition between phases that emerge from the interaction of the robot system
with the environment, triggered by sensor-driven events. The proposed approach
is tested in a dynamics simulation framework and several experiments are
conducted to validate the methods and to assess the performance of a humanoid
robot.