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1

COLBURN, BEN. "Autonomy and Adaptive Preferences." Utilitas 23, no. 1 (February 15, 2011): 52–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953820810000440.

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Adaptive preference formation is the unconscious altering of our preferences in light of the options we have available. Jon Elster has argued that this is bad because it undermines our autonomy. I agree, but think that Elster's explanation of why is lacking. So, I draw on a richer account of autonomy to give the following answer. Preferences formed through adaptation are characterized by covert influence (that is, explanations of which an agent herself is necessarily unaware), and covert influence undermines our autonomy because it undermines the extent to which an agent's preferences are ones that she has decided upon for herself. This answer fills the lacuna in Elster's argument. It also allows us to draw a principled distinction between adaptive preference formation and the closely related – but potentially autonomy-enhancing – phenomenon of character planning.
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Mitchell, Polly. "Adaptive Preferences, Adapted Preferences." Mind 127, no. 508 (July 10, 2018): 1003–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mind/fzy020.

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3

DORSEY, DALE. "Adaptive Preferences Are a Red Herring." Journal of the American Philosophical Association 3, no. 4 (2017): 465–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/apa.2017.36.

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ABSTRACT:Current literature in moral and political philosophy is rife with discussion of adaptive preferences. This is no accident: while preferences are generally thought to play an important role in a number of normative domains (including morality, the personal good, and political justice), adaptive preferences seem exceptions to this general rule—they seem problematic in a way that preference-respecting theories of these domains cannot adequately capture. Thus, adaptive preferences are often taken to be theoretically explanatory: a reason for adjusting our theories of the relevant normative domains. However, as I shall argue here, the relentless focus on the phenomenon of preference adaptation is a mistake. While I do not take a stand on whether typical examples of adaptive preferences are or are not problematic, I argue here that if they are problematic, it cannot be because they are adaptive.
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Walsh, Mary Barbara. "Feminism, Adaptive Preferences, and Social Contract Theory." Hypatia 30, no. 4 (2015): 829–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hypa.12175.

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Feminists have long been aware of the pathology and the dangers of what are now termed “adaptive preferences.” Adaptive preferences are preferences formed in unconscious response to oppression. Thinkers from each wave of feminism continue to confront the problem of women's internalization of their own oppression, that is, the problem of women forming their preferences within the confining and deforming space that patriarchy provides. All preferences are, in fact, formed in response to a (more or less) limited set of options, but not all preferences are unconscious, pathological responses to oppression. Feminist theory therefore requires a method for distinguishing all preferences from adaptive or deformed preferences. Social contract theory provides such a tool. Social contract theory models autonomous preference‐acquisition and retention at both the external level of causation and the internal level of justification. In doing so, social contract theory exposes preferences that do not meet those standards, acting as both a conceptual test that identifies adaptive preferences and as a practical tool for personal and social clarification. A social contract approach helps persons and societies to identify and to confront preferences rooted in unconscious response to oppression.
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Prashant, Poudel, and Shrestha Sushil. "Exploring the user’s preferences of different adaptation policies in adaptive menu design." Trends in Computer Science and Information Technology 8, no. 1 (February 15, 2023): 005–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/tcsit.000062.

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Adaptive User Interfaces (AUIs) have been developed to improve the usability of products by adapting to the user, the platform, and the environment. However, there is a limited understanding of how different adaptation policies impact personalization and usability in adaptive menus. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of different adaptation policies in adaptive menu design. The study surveyed computer science students at Kathmandu University and conducted a usability study to gather data. The results of the study showed that a majority of participants were neutral in their perception of the ease of use of the websites they regularly visit, but a strong majority (83%) indicated a preference for personalized menu options. Personalization was found to be a key factor in the effectiveness of adaptive menus. Participants valued the ability of adaptive menus to tailor their options based on their specific needs or preferences. The findings of this study provide insight into users’ preferences for adaptation policies in adaptive menus and suggest that a recency-frequency-based menu is most effective in meeting users’ needs. Similarly, findings also suggest users’ preference for adaptation policy also changes based on the context of use. Future research could further investigate the effectiveness of different adaptation policies in different contexts of use.
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TERLAZZO, ROSA. "Must Adaptive Preferences Be Prudentially Bad for Us?" Journal of the American Philosophical Association 3, no. 4 (2017): 412–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/apa.2018.1.

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ABSTRACT:In this paper, I argue for the counterintuitive conclusion that the same adaptive preference can be both prudentially good and prudentially bad for its holder: that is, it can be prudentially objectionable from one temporal perspective, but prudentially unobjectionable from another. Given the possibility of transformative experiences, there is an important sense in which even worrisome adaptive preferences can be prudentially good for us. That is, if transformative experiences lead us to develop adaptive preferences, then their objects can become prudentially better for our actual selves than the objects of their nonadaptive alternatives would now be. I also argue, however, that the same worrisome adaptive preferences might still be prospectively prudentially objectionable: that is, our pretransformation selves might be prudentially better off undergoing a nonadaptive alternative transformative experience instead. I argue that both claims hold across the range of the most broadly defended accounts of well-being in the literature.
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Zhang, Bingjie, Junchao Yu, Zhe Kang, Tianyu Wei, Xiaoyu Liu, and Suhua Wang. "An adaptive preference retention collaborative filtering algorithm based on graph convolutional method." Electronic Research Archive 31, no. 2 (2022): 793–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/era.2023040.

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<abstract> <p>Collaborative filtering is one of the most widely used methods in recommender systems. In recent years, Graph Neural Networks (GNN) were naturally applied to collaborative filtering methods to model users' preference representation. However, empirical research has ignored the effects of different items on user representation, which prevented them from capturing fine-grained users' preferences. Besides, due to the problem of data sparsity in collaborative filtering, most GNN-based models conduct a large number of graph convolution operations in the user-item graph, resulting in an over-smoothing effect. To tackle these problems, Adaptive Preference Retention Graph Convolutional Collaborative Filtering Method (APR-GCCF) was proposed to distinguish the difference among the items and capture the fine-grained users' preferences. Specifically, the graph convolutional method was applied to model the high-order relationship on the user-item graph and an adaptive preference retention mechanism was used to capture the difference between items adaptively. To obtain a unified users' preferences representation and alleviate the over-smoothing effect, we employed a residual preference prediction mechanism to concatenate the representation of users' preferences generated by each layer of the graph neural network. Extensive experiments were conducted based on three real datasets and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the model.</p> </abstract>
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8

Olsaretti, Serena. "Introduction." Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 59 (July 31, 2006): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1358246106059017.

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In a number of debates in contemporary moral and political philosophy and philosophy of economics, philosophers hold the conviction that preferences have normative significance. A central assumption that underlies this conviction is that a cogent account of preference-formation can be developed. This is particularly evident in debates about well-being. Those who defend subjective accounts of well-being, on which a person’s life goes better for her to the extent that her preferences are satisfied, often qualify that account so that it does not include malformed or adaptive preferences (that is, preferences formed in non-autonomous ways, or humble preferences tailored to stifling circumstances), the satisfaction of which does not seem to contribute to well-being. This assumes that there is a normative standard of preference-formation with which to identify those preference that are malformed or adaptive in the relevant sense. An account of preference-formation is also important for philosophers who uphold an objective theory of well-being, on which well-being consists of the pursuit of objectively valuable goals, but who also believe in the value of freedom and thus emphasise the importance of respecting individuals’ choices among various goals. For they, too, in extolling the importance of respect for choices, assume that these choices are not distorted by inauthentically formed preferences, and thus also need an account of preference-formation to help distinguish those cases in which we ought to respect people’s choices from those in which we do not. In the vast literature on preferences, however, relatively little attention has been devoted to the
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Wei, Feng, Shuyu Chen, Jie Jin, Shuai Zhang, Hongwei Zhou, and Yingbo Wu. "Adaptive Alleviation for Popularity Bias in Recommender Systems with Knowledge Graph." Security and Communication Networks 2022 (April 7, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4264489.

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Recommender systems are known to suffer from the popularity bias problem: popular items are recommended frequently, and nonpopular ones rarely, if at all. Prior studies focused on tackling this issue by increasing the number of recommended nonpopular (long-tail) items. However, these methods ignore the users’ personal popularity preferences and increase the exposure rate of the nonpopular items indiscriminately, which may hurt the user experience because different users have diverse interests in popularity. In this work, we propose a novel debias framework with knowledge graph (AWING), which adaptively alleviates popularity bias from the users’ perspective. Concretely, we explore fine-grained preferences (including popularity preference) behind a user-item interaction by using the heterogeneous graph transformer over the knowledge graph embedded with popularity nodes and endow the preferences with explicit semantics. Based on this idea, we can manipulate how much popularity preference affects recommendation results and improves the exposure rate of nonpopular items while considering the popularity preferences of different users. Experiments on public datasets show that the proposed method AWING can effectively alleviate popularity bias and ensure the user experience at the same time. The case study further demonstrates the feasibility of AWING on the explainable recommendation task.
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von Weizsäcker, Carl Christian. "Adaptive Preferences and Institutional Stability." Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics 170, no. 1 (2014): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1628/093245614x13871986329207.

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Aĺos-Ferrer, Carlos. "Adaptive Preferences and Institutional Stability." Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics 170, no. 1 (2014): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1628/093245614x13871986329243.

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12

Khader, Serene J. "Adaptive Preferences and Procedural Autonomy." Journal of Human Development and Capabilities 10, no. 2 (July 2009): 169–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19452820902940851.

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13

Kosko, Stacy J. "Adaptive Preferences and Women's Empowerment." Journal of Human Development and Capabilities 16, no. 1 (January 2, 2015): 154–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19452829.2015.1006472.

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14

Bruckner, Donald W. "In defense of adaptive preferences." Philosophical Studies 142, no. 3 (November 24, 2007): 307–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11098-007-9188-7.

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15

Levey, Ann. "Liberalism, Adaptive Preferences, and Gender Equality." Hypatia 20, no. 4 (2000): 127–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hyp.2005.0129.

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16

Fawcett, Tim W., and Colin Bleay. "Previous experiences shape adaptive mate preferences." Behavioral Ecology 20, no. 1 (September 26, 2008): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/beheco/arn116.

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17

Wang, Wen-Ya, and Diwakar Gupta. "Adaptive Appointment Systems with Patient Preferences." Manufacturing & Service Operations Management 13, no. 3 (July 2011): 373–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/msom.1110.0332.

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18

March, James G. "Variable risk preferences and adaptive aspirations." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 9, no. 1 (January 1988): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2681(88)90004-2.

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19

Terlazzo, Rosa. "The perfectionism of Nussbaum's adaptive preferences." Journal of Global Ethics 10, no. 2 (May 4, 2014): 183–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17449626.2014.931874.

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Levey, Ann. "Liberalism, Adaptive Preferences, and Gender Equality." Hypatia: A Journal of Feminist Philosophy 20, no. 4 (October 2005): 127–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/hyp.2005.20.4.127.

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21

Netzer, Oded, and V. Srinivasan. "Adaptive Self-Explication of Multiattribute Preferences." Journal of Marketing Research 48, no. 1 (February 2011): 140–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.48.1.140.

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Levey, Ann. "Liberalism, Adaptive Preferences, and Gender Equality." Hypatia 20, no. 4 (2005): 127–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2005.tb00540.x.

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I argue that a gendered division of labor is often the result of choices by women that count as fully voluntary because they are an expression of preferences and commitments that reflect women's understanding of their own good. Since liberalism has a commitment to respecting fully voluntary choices, it has a commitment to respecting these gendered choices. I suggest that justified political action may require that we fail to respect some people's considered choices.
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23

Zhang, Yimeng, Bilge Atasoy, and Rudy R. Negenborn. "Preference-Based Multi-Objective Optimization for Synchromodal Transport Using Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2676, no. 3 (October 6, 2021): 71–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03611981211049148.

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Decision-makers in synchromodal transport (ST) have different preferences toward different objectives, such as cost, time, and emissions. To solve the conflicts among objectives and obtain preferred solutions, a preference-based multi-objective optimization model is developed. In ST, containers need to be transferred across modes, therefore the optimization problem is formulated as a pickup and delivery problem with transshipment. The preferences of decision-makers are usually expressed in linguistic terms, so weight intervals, that is, minimum and maximum weights, are assigned to objectives to represent such vague preferences. An adaptive large neighborhood search is developed and used to obtain non-dominated solutions to construct the Pareto frontier. Moreover, synchronization is an important feature of ST and it makes available resources fully utilized. Therefore, four synchronization cases are identified and studied to make outgoing vehicles cooperate with changes of incoming vehicles’ schedules at transshipment terminals. Case studies in the Rhine-Alpine corridor are designed and the results show that the proposed approach provides non-dominated solutions which are in line with preferences. Moreover, the mode share under different preferences is analyzed, which signals that different sustainability policies in transportation will influence the mode share.
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Georgiadis, Giorgos, and Marina Papatriantafilou. "Overlays with Preferences: Distributed, Adaptive Approximation Algorithms for Matching with Preference Lists." Algorithms 6, no. 4 (November 19, 2013): 824–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a6040824.

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Sajid, Noor, Panagiotis Tigas, and Karl Friston. "Active inference, preference learning and adaptive behaviour." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1261, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1261/1/012020.

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Abstract The ability to adapt to a changing environment underwrites sentient behaviour e.g., wearing a raincoat when walking in the rain but removing it when indoors. In such instances, agents act to satisfy some preferred mode of behaviour that leads to predictable states necessary for survival, i.e., states that are characteristic of that agent. In this chapter, we describe how active inference agents, equipped with preference learning, can exhibit these distinct behavioural modes – influenced by environment dynamics – to aptly trade-off between preference satisfaction and exploration. We validate this in a modified OpenAI Gym FrozenLake environment (without any extrinsic signal) with and without volatility under a fixed model of the environment. In a static (i.e., without volatility) environment, preference-learning agents accumulate confident (Bayesian) beliefs about their behaviour and act to satisfy them. In contrast, volatile dynamics led to preference uncertainty and exploratory behaviour. This demonstrates that active inference agents, equipped with preference learning, have the appropriate machinery to (i) engage in adaptive behaviour under appropriate levels of volatility, and (ii) learn context-dependent subjective preferences.
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Chastain, Rebecca, and Daniel Taub. "Evolved human male preferences for female body shape." WikiJournal of Science 4, no. 1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15347/wjs/2021.001.

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Female body shape has an apparent influence on mate value as perceived by males. Some researchers have suggested that human male mate preference has evolved to universally favor a specific body shape which can be quantified with a particular value for Waist-Hip Ratio and/or Body Mass Index. Other research has presented evidence that populations of males exhibit differentiated preferences for female body shape. The research literature largely supports the hypothesis that male mate preference for female body shape is variable and dependent upon local resource availability. These conclusions provide insight into the evolutionary processes that have acted to produce adaptive flexibility in human male mate preferences in accordance with the environment.
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Masur, Jonathan S. "Moral Norms, Adaptive Preferences, and Hedonic Psychology." Theoretical Inquiries in Law 22, no. 2 (July 1, 2021): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/til-2021-0016.

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Abstract In a series of important papers published roughly twenty years ago, Professor Robert Cooter developed a comprehensive economic theory of moral norms. He explained the value of those norms, described the process by which norms are adopted, and offered a set of predictions regarding the circumstances under which an individual will choose to adopt a particular moral norm. This brief Article applies behavioral law and economics and hedonic psychology to expand upon Professor Cooter’s path-breaking theory. In particular, understanding welfare in hedonic terms — rather than preference-satisfaction terms — suggests a multitude of further situations in which individuals will justifiably seek to internalize moral norms. The hedonic approach to welfare then further suggests an enhanced role for the government to play in encouraging the adoption of welfare-enhancing norms. Cooter’s theory, combined with modern understandings of welfare and human behavior, thus offers powerful predictive and prescriptive possibilities.
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Vanberg, Christoph. "Adaptive Preferences, Normative Individualism, and Individual Liberty." Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics 170, no. 1 (2014): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1628/093245614x13871986329289.

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Gallacher, Sarah, Eliza Papadopoulou, Nick K. Taylor, and M. Howard Williams. "Learning user preferences for adaptive pervasive environments." ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems 8, no. 1 (April 2013): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2451248.2451253.

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Qian, Li, Jinyang Gao, and H. V. Jagadish. "Learning user preferences by adaptive pairwise comparison." Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 8, no. 11 (July 2015): 1322–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/2809974.2809992.

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Shinghal, Nalin, and Tony Fowkes. "Freight mode choice and adaptive stated preferences." Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review 38, no. 5 (September 2002): 367–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1366-5545(02)00012-1.

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32

Schwartzman, Lisa H. "Can Liberalism Account for Women’s “Adaptive Preferences”?" Social Philosophy Today 23 (2007): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/socphiltoday20072313.

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Alegría-Morán, Raúl A., Sergio A. Guzmán-Pino, Juan I. Egaña, Valeria Sotomayor, and Jaime Figueroa. "Food Preferences in Cats: Effect of Dietary Composition and Intrinsic Variables on Diet Selection." Animals 9, no. 6 (June 19, 2019): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9060372.

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A ten-year database of food preference tests (n = 1021; period 2007−2017) was used to explore the feeding behavior of domestic cats. Principal component (PC) analysis and linear regression between food nutrients and preferences (for the most preferred diet of each test; Diet A) were performed. Intake and preference for Diet A were analyzed by intrinsic cats’ variables and climate season. The PC1 (calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and ash), PC2 (lipids and ether extract) and PC4 (crude fiber; CF) had borderline significance (p < 0.06; β = −1.42, β = −1.56, and β = 2.68, respectively). Ash and CF contents presented negative correlations with food preference (rho = −0.269, p = 0.031; rho = −0.338, p = 0.006, respectively), and Ca had borderline significance and negative correlation with food preference (rho = −0.241, p = 0.054). Body weight and sex influenced the intake of Diet A, being lower for females (β = 11.758; p = 0.014) and heaviest cats (β = −5.490; p < 0.001). However, only body weight affected food preferences, where the heaviest cats had greater preferences for Diet A. Hot season decreased food intake (β = −2,117; p = 0.032), mostly in females (rho = −3.537; p = 0.002). Males had greater preferences for Diet A during hot seasons (β = 10.216; p = 0.023) and females presented similar preferences throughout the year (p = 0.950). Mineral contents, body weight and sex affected food intake and preferences of cats under the influence of climate season, probably explained by adaptive changes in food detection.
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Enoch, David. "False Consciousness for Liberals, Part I: Consent, Autonomy, and Adaptive Preferences." Philosophical Review 129, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 159–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00318108-8012836.

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The starting point regarding consent has to be that it is both extremely important, and that it is often suspicious. In this article, the author tries to make sense of both of these claims, from a largely liberal perspective, tying consent, predictably, to the value of autonomy and distinguishing between autonomy as sovereignty and autonomy as nonalienation. The author then discusses adaptive preferences, claiming that they suffer from a rationality flaw (they are typically formed for reasons of the wrong kind) but that it's not clear that this flaw matters morally or politically. What matters is whether they suffer from an autonomy flaw. To answer this question, the author develops an account of autonomy failure, according to which a preference is nonautonomous if an injustice played an appropriate role in its causal history. The author then discusses the moral implications—and in an initial way, the political ones as well—of proclaiming a preference, or consent based on it, nonautonomous in this way.
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He, Rui, Jianjun Jin, Foyuan Kuang, Chenyang Zhang, and Tong Guan. "Farmers’ Risk Cognition, Risk Preferences and Climate Change Adaptive Behavior: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010085.

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Improving local farmers′ climate change adaptive capacity is an important policy issue in rural China. This study investigates farmers′ risk cognition, risk preferences and climate change adaptive behavior. Based on unique data from a survey and a paired lottery experiment completed by 240 rural farmers in Chongqing City of China, this paper finds that farmers have a pessimistic risk cognition towards climate change and the typical farmers are risk-averse and loss-averse. Risk cognition and adaptation cognition have significantly positive influences on climate change adaptive behavior, and loss aversion has a significantly positive influence on farmers′ adaptation decisions. Loss aversion exerts a positive impact on risk cognition and adaptation cognition, and risk aversion has a positive impact on adaptation cognition. This paper contributes to the emerging literature that relates risk preference in experiments and risk cognition to farmers′ climate change adaptive behavior.
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Suire, Alexandre, Michel Raymond, and Melissa Barkat-Defradas. "Male Vocal Quality and Its Relation to Females’ Preferences." Evolutionary Psychology 17, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 147470491987467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474704919874675.

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In both correlational and experimental settings, studies on women’s vocal preferences have reported negative relationships between perceived attractiveness and men’s vocal pitch, emphasizing the idea of an adaptive preference. However, such consensus on vocal attractiveness has been mostly conducted with native English speakers, but a few evidence suggest that it may be culture-dependent. Moreover, other overlooked acoustic components of vocal quality, such as intonation, perceived breathiness and roughness, may influence vocal attractiveness. In this context, the present study aims to contribute to the literature by investigating vocal attractiveness in an underrepresented language (i.e., French) as well as shedding light on its relationship with understudied acoustic components of vocal quality. More specifically, we investigated the relationships between attractiveness ratings as assessed by female raters and male voice pitch, its variation, the formants’ dispersion and position, and the harmonics-to-noise and jitter ratios. Results show that women were significantly more attracted to lower vocal pitch and higher intonation patterns. However, they did not show any directional preferences for all the other acoustic features. We discuss our results in light of the adaptive functions of vocal preferences in a mate choice context.
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Rigi, Mohammad Amin, and Farid Khoshalhan. "Eliciting User Preferences in Multi-Agent Meeting Scheduling Problem." International Journal of Intelligent Information Technologies 7, no. 2 (April 2011): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jiit.2011040103.

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Meeting Scheduling Problem (MSP) arranges meetings between a number of participants. Reaching consensus in arranging a meeting is very diffuclt and time-consuming when the number of participants is large. One efficient approach for overcoming this problem is the use of multi-agent systems. In a multi-agent system, agents are deciding on behalf of their users. They must be able to elicite their users’ preferences in an effective way. This paper focuses on the elicitation of users’ preferences. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) - which is known for its ability to determine preferences - is used in this research. Specifically, an adaptive preference modeling technique based on AHP is developed and implemented in a system and the initial validation results are encouraging.
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Alegría-Morán, Raúl A., Sergio A. Guzmán-Pino, Juan Ignacio Egaña, Carem Muñoz, and Jaime Figueroa. "Food Preferences in Dogs: Effect of Dietary Composition and Intrinsic Variables on Diet Selection." Animals 9, no. 5 (May 6, 2019): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9050219.

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A ten-year food preference database (2007–2017) was used to relate food selection in dogs to the nutritional components of diets by doing a principal component analysis (PCA) and a linear regression between components obtained and dogs’ preferences. Intake and preference of preferred diets were analyzed by dogs’ sex, breed, age, body weight, and the season of the year (hot or cold). The fourth component after PCA presented a relation with food preferences (OR = −2.699, p = 0.026), showing negative correlations with crude fiber (rho = −0.196; P = 0.038) and dry matter (rho = −0.184; p = 0.049). Weight (OR = −1.35; p < 0.001), breed, both Boxer (OR = 10.62; p = 0.003) and Labrador Retriever (OR = 26.30; p < 0.001), and season (hot season) (OR = −5.27; p < 0.001) all influenced animals’ intake. Boxers presented a lower food preference compared to the other breeds (OR = −44.3; p < 0.001), while animals’ weight influenced preferences only in Boxers (OR = 2.02; p < 0.001). Finally, age and sex did not affect dogs’ preference or intake of preferred diets. Thus dry matter and fiber content have a negative impact on dogs’ food choices. Dogs’ weight, breed, and season affected food intake, but only breed affected dogs’ preferences, which is probably explained by adaptive changes in the detection, metabolization, and learning of nutritive food cues.
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SHI, Yan-Cui, Xiang-Wu MENG, Yu-Jie ZHANG, and Li-Cai WANG. "Adaptive Learning Approach of Contextual Mobile User Preferences." Journal of Software 23, no. 10 (November 13, 2012): 2533–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1001.2012.04228.

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Abernethy, Jacob, Theodoros Evgeniou, Olivier Toubia, and Jean-Philippe Vert. "Eliciting Consumer Preferences Using Robust Adaptive Choice Questionnaires." IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 20, no. 2 (February 2008): 145–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tkde.2007.190632.

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Teschl, Miriam, and Flavio Comim. "Adaptive Preferences and Capabilities: Some Preliminary Conceptual Explorations." Review of Social Economy 63, no. 2 (June 2005): 229–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00346760500130374.

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Terlazzo, Rosa. "Conceptualizing Adaptive Preferences Respectfully: An Indirectly Substantive Account." Journal of Political Philosophy 24, no. 2 (July 20, 2015): 206–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jopp.12062.

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Dvořák, Jan, and Lumír Gvoždík. "Adaptive accuracy of temperature oviposition preferences in newts." Evolutionary Ecology 24, no. 5 (January 21, 2010): 1115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10682-010-9355-8.

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Weimer, Steven. "Political efficacy, respect for agency, and adaptive preferences." Journal of Global Ethics 13, no. 3 (September 2, 2017): 326–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17449626.2017.1422530.

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Walker, John D. "Liberalism, Consent, and the Problem of Adaptive Preferences." Social Theory and Practice 21, no. 3 (1995): 457–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/soctheorpract19952135.

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Kleist, Chad. "Serene J. Khader, Adaptive Preferences and Women’s Empowerment." Social Theory and Practice 39, no. 4 (2013): 687–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/soctheorpract201339438.

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Higuchi, Keita, Hiroki Tsuchida, Eshed Ohn-Bar, Yoichi Sato, and Kris Kitani. "Learning Context-dependent Personal Preferences for Adaptive Recommendation." ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems 10, no. 3 (November 20, 2020): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3359755.

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Lim, Daniel. "Divergent Values and Adaptive Preferences: A Chinese Challenge?" AJOB Neuroscience 10, no. 3 (July 3, 2019): 132–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21507740.2019.1632962.

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Khader, Serene J. "Must Theorising about Adaptive Preferences Deny Women's Agency?" Journal of Applied Philosophy 29, no. 4 (October 10, 2012): 302–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5930.2012.00575.x.

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Fuller, Boyd. "Power, Adaptive Preferences, and Negotiation: Process Specifics Matters." Planning Theory & Practice 12, no. 3 (September 2011): 455–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2011.617502.

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