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Bouali, W., R. Omezzine Gniwa, N. Faouel, R. Ben Soussia, and L. Zarrouk. "The general practitioner in charge of addictive behavior." European Psychiatry 66, S1 (March 2023): S678. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.1418.
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IntroductionRecent reports confirmed that more than 22% of adult world population are suffering from addiction. Tobacco and alcohol use remain the most prevalent addictive behaviors reported in Tunisia. The management of addiction is a multidisciplinary team concept. This entity may be underdiagnosed due to perception default at the first line of management.The aim of this study was to identify the limiting factors for addictive behavior approach in general practitioner (GP) clinic.Recent reports confirmed that more than 22% of adult world population are suffering from addiction. Tobacco and alcohol use remain the most prevalent addictive behaviors reported in Tunisia. The management of addiction is a multidisciplinary team concept. This entity may be underdiagnosed due to perception default at the first line of management.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to identify the limiting factors for addictive behavior approach in general practitioner (GP) clinic.MethodsA cross-sectional study involved 84 GPs in the city of Monastir, Tunisia. Self‐reported questionnaire was designed to survey the prevalence of patients with detectable addictive behavior among the outpatient GP clinic visitors.ResultsThe participation rate was 93.3% (84/90). The prevalence of addictive behaviors was variable (38-59.5%). Tobacco use was the most common addiction (91.7%). More than seventy percent of questioned GPs were regularly consulting patients with known addictive behavior. The diagnosis was incidental in 7% of cases. Sixty percent of patients had predisposing factors for addiction. Diagnostic with screening difficulties for addictive behavior were independently related to doctor’s age >40 (OR = 6.51; p = 0.005), exercise in private clinic (OR= 6.46; p=0.004). Thirty-three percent of GPs were more involved in addiction monitoring. The use of assessment scales was noted in 15%. Young physician age (OR=5.20; p=0.002) and the absence postgraduate diploma in addictology (OR=9.66; p=0.01) were significantly associated addiction management avoidance.ConclusionsThis study aimed to assess of the attitude of GP in Monastir city regarding the addictive behaviors of their patients. The diagnosis and the management of addiction is not standardized for these health practitioners and this will not contribute to the battle against this social entity.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
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Калиниченко and O. Kalinichenko. "Using Tests, Modern Computer Technologies and Information Processing in Systems Diagnostics and Prevention of Addictive Behavior (short review)." Journal of New Medical Technologies 22, no. 3 (September 15, 2015): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/13323.
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This article discusses the possibility of the effectiveness of the application of diagnostic methodologies to identify the propensity to addiction, examines the possibility of using modern computer technologies in the diagnosis and prevention of addiction, the formation of health-promoting behaviours. The author presents a review of modern tests, computer programs and computer technology that allows not only to evaluate the likely risk of addictive behavior, but also to suggest corrective measures with regard to personal, social, biological factors influencing the formation of addictive behavior. Each of the analyzed test methods is based on a large theoretical and empirical base. Test methods were tested for validity and reliability, and offer computer technologies and systems of processing of the received information are detailed instructions. The author has made an attempt to classify a number of methods and technologies for diagnosis of deviant forms of behaviour, to highlight their specificity, to identify opportunities and constraints. Studied computer techniques and traditional tests can be used as an independent diagnostic tools of various types of addictive behavior, can be included in the scorecard addicting behavior in general.
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Krieger, Arthur. "Does Addiction Cause Addictive Behavior?" Philosophy, Psychiatry, & Psychology 31, no. 1 (March 2024): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ppp.2024.a922687.
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Abstract: Is addiction a behavioral pattern, or the underlying cause of a behavioral pattern? Both views are found in prominent accounts of addiction, but theorists generally do not notice that they are taking a controversial position, let alone justify it. A third possibility is that addiction consists in both addictive behavior and its causes, though this view is less obviously present in the literature. I argue that two important considerations favor the "cause view" over the "behavior" and "hybrid" views. The first is that we want to be able to explain addictive behavior with reference to addiction. The second is that addiction seems to persist long after addictive behavior has ceased. Only the cause view can easily accommodate both data points.
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Tarziloo, Kiyan Qulam Javadi. "Study of psychotherapy of third wave(ACT) on addictive behaviors and its comparison with the treatment menthod of first and second wave (CBT)." SCIENTIFIC WORK 58, no. 9 (October 10, 2020): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/58/38-47.
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Therapies based on mindfulness and acceptance are known as CBT’s third wave. Interventions based on mindfulness and acceptance which are backed by evidence and experience include acceptance and commitment therapy, dialectic behavior therapy, mindfulness based cognitive therapy, mindfulness based stress reduction. Third wave of psycho therapies are mainly sprung from cognitive behavioral psycho therapies and with a mixture of spiritual traditions from east, such as meditation techniques and witness thought with classic cognitive behavior therapy is formed. Third wave of cognitive behavior therapy include new approaches through care and renewal of addictive behaviors such as addiction to drugs. New research which a descriptive and analystic approach and with an applimental goal seeks inspection of the therapy’s effects based on third wave in the treatment of complicated addictive behaviors. New research looks into not only psychotherapy of the third wave on addictive behavior, but also the differences between third wave (ACT) and first and second waves(CBT) in the treatment method of negative addiction with substitution of positive behaviors. Psychoanalysis and cognitive therapy addiction is of high importance and is one of main processes in addiction treatment, prevention of relaps and rehabilitation with application of third wave psychotherapy. Key words: psychotherapy, CBT third wave, addictive behavior
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Linnet, Jakob. "A bio-psycho-social approach to addiction." Psyke & Logos 26, no. 1 (July 31, 2005): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/pl.v26i1.8199.
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Welcome to this special issue of Psyke & Logos, which focuses on addictions. Several journals are dedicated to the issue of addictions (e.g. Addiction, Addictive Behaviors, and Psychology of Addictive Behaviors), yet little attention has been dedicated to the concept of addictions and the addictive component in different types of addictive behavior. Since the 60s and the 70s with the introduction and wide spread use of substances such as cannabis and opiates, there has been an increase in the multitude of substances used for recreational (i.e. non-medical) purposes including the use of cocaine and amphetamine in the 80s and 90s and so-called »designer drugs« such as ecstasy in the new millennium. At the same time, we’ve seen concerns ‘addictive behaviors’, particularly among children, associated with technological developments ranging from the use of comic books in the 60s and 70s, to the use of video films in the 80s, the use of video games in the 90s and the use of the internet and mobile phones in the new millennium. A third development is the efforts of information and reduction of health risking behavior. Most noticeably, probably, is the perceptual and behavioral changes related with tobacco use, which has resulted in a reduction of the total number of smokers as well as a reduction of smoking in public places. Other areas which have received attention in later years is eating disorders (both anorexia nervosa, bulimia, and over eating (binge eating)), as well as the efforts to inform about risk behavior of alcohol consumption among youths. The Psyke & Logos conference held on January 28, 2005 has the focus of comparing different types of addictive behavior in a conglomerate of clinical manifestations. The papers produced from the conference together with the invited papers for this issue, all present different aspects of addictive behavior, and have been chosen to provide the reader with insights into the different types of behaviors as well as different disciplinary approaches to understanding and treating addictive behavior. The papers are divided into three main categories: 1.) Approaches to addiction, 2.) New types of addiction, and 3.) Treatment of addiction.
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Myers, Wayne A. "Addictive Sexual Behavior." Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association 42, no. 4 (November 1994): 1159–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000306519404200411.
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Case material is presented from two patients suffering from addictive sexual behavior. The term addiction is used because of the intense, driven quality of the behavior and because of its mood-elevating effects. Psychodynamically, the patients’ sexual acts helped to undo feelings of rejection at the hands of their mothers and to enhance feelings of lovability and of self-esteem. The behavior also helped to neutralize powerful feelings of rage toward the mother. In one patient, the acts also helped to ease inner turmoil related to an underlying attention deficit disorder. I speculate that some adults with addictive sexual behavior may have underlying attention deficit disorders. In both my patients, the sexual behaviors served the self-regulatory function of alleviating inner feelings of anhedonia and depression. When they decreased their sexual activities during the course of the treatment, they required adjunctive antidepressant medication. The underlying meaning of the medication and countertransference attitudes toward such patients are explored.
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Chernysheva, E. V., and V. R. Suslova. "Types and Forms of Addictive Behavior of Law Enforcement Employees." Psychology and Law 9, no. 2 (2019): 15–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2019090202.
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The article discusses types and forms of an addictive behavior of law enforcement officers (in terms of employees of internal affairs bodies) in conjunction with individual psychological characteristics. The attention is focused on the variety of addictive behavior approaches available in the scientific literature. According to the data obtained, such addictions as relationship, Internet-computer, work, adrenaline are most pronounced among employees of the internal affairs bodies in view of the peculiarities of professional activity. It was revealed that more than half of the internal affairs officers have a tendency to manifest addictive behavior. The particular structures of the manifestation of addictive behavior are described using factor analysis. The chosen five-factor model allowed to describe specific forms of addiction: addiction of negative relations, emotional addiction, distance from society, introverted workaholism, emotional interpersonal relations. The patterns of the relationship of addictive behavior with emotional instability, anxiety, social inclusion, suspicion, and emotional regulation of behavior are revealed.
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Peele, Stanton. "A Moral Vision of Addiction: How People's Values Determine Whether They Become and Remain Addicts." Journal of Drug Issues 17, no. 2 (April 1987): 187–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204268701700205.
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Contemporary theories of addiction of all stripes rule out faulty values as a cause of addiction. Yet evidence from cross-cultural, ethnic, and social-class research, laboratory study of addictive behavior, and natural history and field investigations of addiction indicate the importance of value orientations in the development and expression of addictive behaviors, including drug and alcohol addiction, smoking, and compulsive eating. Furthermore, the rejection of moral considerations in addiction deprives us of our most powerful weapons against addiction and contributes to our current addiction binge. The disease myth of addiction in particular attacks the assumption of essential moral responsibility for people's drug use and related behavior, an assumption that we instead ought to be encouraging.
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García-García, Elena, María-Lara Martínez-Gimeno, José Alberto Benítez-Andrades, Joselin Miranda-Gómez, Enrique de Dios Zapata-Cornejo, and Gema Escobar-Aguilar. "Substance Use and Addictive Behavior in Spanish Adolescents in Secondary School." Healthcare 9, no. 2 (February 9, 2021): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9020186.
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The detection and prevention of addictive behaviour at an early age is essential given the relationship between the age of the onset of consumption and the appearance of addiction disorders. The aim of this study was to describe the behavior related to substance use and addictive behaviors in adolescents at secondary school from 12 to 16 years of age. A cross-sectional descriptive study has been conducted. The prevalence of consumption of different addictive substances (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, cocaine) and addictive behaviours (use of social networks and video games) were collated, and the influence of the surrounding social environment and risk perception were evaluated. The final sample was 1298 students. Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use reflect the prevalence of last month’s consumption: 14% (11.8–15.6), 15% (13.4–17.4) and 3% (1.9–2.7) respectively. 76% of the sample frequently use the Internet (5–7 days per week). There is a positive association between the frequency of use and use in the immediate environment. The relationships found show the need for educational and preventive intervention aimed at parents and students that will allow them to know and effectively deal with possible problems associated with the consumption of addictive substances.
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Belousova, E. V. "Predisposition of medical university students to addictive behavior." Professional education in the modern world 14, no. 2 (June 14, 2024): 328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20913/2618-7515-2024-2-15.
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Introduction. This article deals with the problem of predisposition of medical university students to addictive behavior. The relevance of the study of the addictive propensity of future specialists of the helping profession is emphasized. The author considers theoretical and practical aspects of some types of addictions that are potentially preferred for modern youth. Problem statement. The purpose of this work is to present the collected empirical data on the predisposition of medical university students to various types of addictive behavior and give a brief analysis of them. The tasks include: to find out whether male or female students are more prone to addictive behavior; to identify the relationship between the propensity for various types of addiction and the gender of the subject. Methodology and methods of the study. The basis of the study is the methodology for 13 types of dependencies by G.V. Lozova. Results. It is determined that the most common types of addictive behavior among students are dependence on healthy lifestyle, love and food addiction. The percentage of male students with an average level of addiction is higher than the percentage of female students of the same category. Conclusions. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that dependent behavior is an urgent problem of socialization and professional development of students; a more pronounced tendency is manifested in young men; there is a dependence between the choice of the preferred type of addiction and the gender of the respondent.
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Grossman, Michael, Frank J. Chaloupka, and Richard Anderson. "A Survey of Economic Models of Addictive Behavior." Journal of Drug Issues 28, no. 3 (July 1998): 631–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204269802800304.
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In economic analyses of addictive behavior, the consumption of a certain good is termed to be an addiction if an increase in past consumption of the good leads to an increase in current consumption. From policy, legal, and public health perspectives, addictive goods are of interest because the consumption of many of these goods harms the consumer and others. The U.S. government and those of many other countries have chosen to regulate such addictive substances as cigarettes, alcohol, cocaine, and marijuana by means of policies that raise their prices. Consequently, the responsiveness of these substances to price is an important parameter in determining the optimal level of taxation or the impacts of legalization of cocaine or marijuana. The economics of addiction is very relevant to these issues because recent theoretical advances predict that addictive goods should be more sensitive to price than previously believed. Current empirical studies confirm this prediction.
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Topilskaya, Olga A. "Internet addiction as a form of addictive personal behavior." Psychological-Pedagogical Journal GAUDEAMUS, no. 49 (2021): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-231x-2021-20-3(49)-26-34.
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We consider Internet addiction as one of the forms of addictive behavior of a person. Considering addiction and dependency as identical concepts we use them in the research equivalently. The opinions of scientists on the essence of “addiction” concept are analyzed and the personal characteristics inherent in addicts are revealed. The attractiveness of addiction for the individual is that representing a kind of psychological defense mechanism against painfully experienced frustrations it creates the illusion of the problem solution. We reveal the factors influencing the appearance of addictive behavior in a person are: social, biological, and also related to individual characteristics, which include psychological characteristics of the individual, reflection in the psyche of psychological traumas in various periods of life. We consider the five stages of addiction occurrence in detail. The models of addictive personality behavior are: calming, communicative, activating, hedonistic, conformal and compensatory. The mechanisms of the emergence of Internet addiction and the personal characteristics of Internet addicts are analyzed. The manifestations of psychological and physiological symptoms of Internet addiction are considered.
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Schulz van Endert, Tim. "Addictive use of digital devices in young children: Associations with delay discounting, self-control and academic performance." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 22, 2021): e0253058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253058.
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The use of smartphones, tablets and laptops/PCs has become ingrained in adults’ and increasingly in children’s lives, which has sparked a debate about the risk of addiction to digital devices. Previous research has linked specific use of digital devices (e.g. online gaming, smartphone screen time) with impulsive behavior in the context of intertemporal choice among adolescents and adults. However, not much is known about children’s addictive behavior towards digital devices and its relationship to personality factors and academic performance. This study investigated the associations between addictive use of digital devices, self-reported usage duration, delay discounting, self-control and academic success in children aged 10 to 13. Addictive use of digital devices was positively related to delay discounting, but self-control confounded the relationship between the two variables. Furthermore, self-control and self-reported usage duration but not the degree of addictive use predicted the most recent grade average. These findings indicate that children’s problematic behavior towards digital devices compares to other maladaptive behaviors (e.g. substance abuse, pathological gambling) in terms of impulsive choice and point towards the key role self-control seems to play in lowering a potential risk of digital addiction.
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Ganishina, Irina, Galina Aksenova, and Polina Aksenova. "PERSONALITY FEATURES OF CONVICTS WITH ADDICTIVE BEHAVIOR." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 7 (May 25, 2018): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2018vol1.3209.
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In the recent years the significant increase in number of convicts with addictive behavior is observed in correctional establishments of the Russian Federation. Addictive behavior is often caused by anomalies of the identity of convicts and is expressed in escape from reality by change of their mental state by means of use of narcotic and psychotropic substances, alcohol, game addiction, sexual addictions that is followed by intensive emotions development. Nowadays the modern society requires that correctional establishments of the penal system of Russia should become social clinics which are carrying out psychosocial rehabilitation of convicts with addictive behavior. The purpose of this research is studying psychological features of convicts with addictive behavior. The methods and techniques of the research are observation, conversation, analysis of personal records, expert poll, psycho-diagnostic testing (the test of addictive indicators of MGAA, K. Leonhard – H. Shmishek's test, L.N. Sobchik's technique "The individual and typological questionnaire", the LSI test of Kellerman-Plutchik-Konte), methods of mathematical statistics. It is defined that convicts with addictive behavior are conflictive, quick-tempered, insincere, show high levels on the scale of addictive indicators, have high indicators of exaltation, demonstrativeness and excitability. They have dominating conflict emotional states which are followed by high introversion and psychological protection as denial, rationalization, cognitive mapping. Such personal profile of convicts with addictive behavior testifies to the aggressive manner of self-affirmation contrary to the interests of people around, the increased suspiciousness and vigilance in the relations, high proneness to conflict. We consider that psychological features of convicts with addictive behavior are the indicator of success of their psychosocial rehabilitation.
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Fedyk, Tamara. "ARTISTIC MODELS OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIOR IN O. MYKOLAYCHUK AND NEDA NEZHDANA'S PLAY "HONORE, AND WHERE IS BALZAC?"." LITERARY PROCESS: methodology, names, trends, no. 19 (2022): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2412-2475.2022.19.10.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of poetics of artistic models of protagonists' addictive behavior in the play by O. Mykolaychuk and Neda Nezhdana "Honore, and where is Balzac?". The relevance of the study is due to the notable increase in the number of interdisciplinary investigations. It contributes to a significant expansion of the range of aspects of research in the literature, especially the researches devoted to the analysis of works of art through the prism of psychology. This study was conducted using modeling, psychological and poetological analysis. The content of the concepts of "addiction" and "addictive behavior" was clarified; the potential signs of addiction that can be realized in the play were singled out, taking into account the specifics of the characterization of the characters in the play, and as a result, the models of addictive behavior were determined. Knote, Honore de Balzac and Evelina Hanska are carriers of addictive behavior and form a system of images-addicts in the play by O. Mykolaychuk and Neda Nezhdana "Honore, where is Balzac?". The interpersonal addiction of the characters is distinguished by three striking features: compulsive behavior, the reaction of the individual to the mention of his addiction or object of addiction, and manipulation of other people to achieve their own goals related to the object of addiction. Playwrights use a number of tools to create images of actors – representatives of addictive behavior, including lexical (the presence of specific tokens and their repetitions), morphological (a significant number of adjectives and verbs with negative connotations) and syntactic (incomplete sentences and exclamatory sentences, rhetorical questions, remarks-phrases, which are aimed at describing the actions and disclosing the internal state of the actors). Given the results, we see the prospect in further analysis of the poetics of artistic models of addictive behavior on the basis of other plays of modern Ukrainian drama, thus expanding the object of study.
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Miranda-Olivos, Romina, Zaida Agüera, Roser Granero, Rhianna R. Vergeer, Carlos Dieguez, Susana Jiménez-Murcia, Ashley N. Gearhardt, and Fernando Fernández-Aranda. "Food addiction and lifetime alcohol and illicit drugs use in specific eating disorders." Journal of Behavioral Addictions 11, no. 1 (March 28, 2022): 102–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2006.2021.00087.
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Abstract Background and aims Food addiction (FA) and substance use (SU) have frequently been reported in patients with eating disorders (EDs). Our study aimed to assess the prevalence rates of FA and/or lifetime problematic alcohol and illicit drug use among patients with specific ED, such as: bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), and other specified feeding and eating disorder (OSFED). We sought to identify clinical, psychopathological, and personality profiles involved in these addictive behavior-based phenotypes. Methods The total sample was 527 patients (176 BN, 115 BED, and 236 OSFED). FA was assessed through the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0. To determine lifetime SU, a semi-structured clinical interview was carried out. Results Patients with BN had the highest rates of FA both with and without SU. No gender differences were obtained for the prevalence of current FA and/or lifetime SU. Patients reporting at least one addictive-related behavior exhibited increased clinical severity compared to those who reported none. Increased impulsivity (such as high lack of premeditation, sensation seeking, and positive urgency) and low self-directedness were differentiating factors for presenting one or two addictive behaviors. Discussion and Conclusions Overall, patients presenting with at least one addictive-like behavior reported a poorer clinical status than those without. Also, patients with FA and SU exhibited a more dysfunctional profile characterized by high impulsivity and low self-directedness. These findings would support the need for targeted treatments to reduce impulsivity and increase self-directedness, especially in patients with any addictive-related behavior, as a step towards improving their treatment outcome.
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Brunault, Paul, and Nicolas Ballon. "Inter-Individual Differences in Food Addiction and Other Forms of Addictive-Like Eating Behavior." Nutrients 13, no. 2 (January 23, 2021): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020325.
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Miskulin, Ivan, Ivana Simic, Nika Pavlovic, Jelena Kovacevic, Ivica Fotez, Goran Kondza, Hrvoje Palenkic, Vesna Bilic-Kirin, Marinela Kristic, and Maja Miskulin. "Personality Traits of Croatian University Students with Internet Addiction." Behavioral Sciences 12, no. 6 (June 1, 2022): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12060173.
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Specific personality traits may predispose individuals to various forms of addictive behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the association between personality traits of university students and Internet addiction (IA). A sample of 1051 university students was recruited from the largest university in Eastern Croatia. A structured anonymous questionnaire that included questions regarding students’ sociodemographic information and Internet usage patterns, the Young Internet Addiction Test and Big Five Inventory served as a research tool. The study revealed that 1.0% of the studied sample expressed severe IA while 24.6% of study participants expressed some signs of addiction. The IA was detected in 576 (80.0%) students who used the Internet mainly for social networking, in 30 (78.9%) students who mainly used it for online gaming, and in 153 (52.2%) students who mainly used it for university assignments (p < 0.001). Higher neuroticism, higher extraversion, and higher openness to new experiences were connected with IA in general (p < 0.001). Higher neuroticism, higher extraversion, and higher openness to new experiences were significantly associated with addictive behavior during social networking (p < 0.001). Higher extraversion and higher openness to new experiences were significantly associated with addictive behavior during Internet usage for university assignments (p = 0.025), while there were no significant associations between specific personality traits and addictive behavior during online gaming (p = 0.059). Personality traits must be taken into account while developing programs and implementing interventions for preventing IA in the university student population.
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Myers, Wayne A. "Addictive Sexual Behavior." American Journal of Psychotherapy 49, no. 4 (October 1995): 473–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1995.49.4.473.
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Malygin, V. L., N. S. Khomeriki, E. A. Smirnova, and A. A. Antonenko. "Internet Addictive Behavior." Neuroscience and Behavioral Physiology 43, no. 1 (January 2013): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11055-012-9698-4.
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Munno, Donato, Marta Saroldi, Elisa Bechon, Sara Chiara Maria Sterpone, and Giuseppina Zullo. "Addictive behaviors and personality traits in adolescents." CNS Spectrums 21, no. 2 (August 13, 2015): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852915000474.
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IntroductionBehavioral addictions refer to repeated dysfunctional behaviors that do not involve the ingestion of addictive substances. Studies on the association between behavioral addictions and personality traits have noted in individuals with problematic behaviors a high proclivity toward impulsivity and sensation-seeking and a low predisposition to harm avoidance. The majority of these studies have focused on adults, while far fewer have involved adolescents.MethodsThe study population was 109 high school students (age range 15–18 years) in Turin, Italy. Participants completed an assessment that comprised a demographic questionnaire and 3 self-report questionnaires: the Shorter PROMIS Questionnaire (SPQ), the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), and the Multidimensional Questionnaire for Adolescents (QMA).ResultsA gender-related difference in the risk of developing an addictive behavior was observed, with a significantly higher percentage of risk seen for several addiction tendencies among the males. Statistically significant correlations emerged between some personality determinants and certain addictive behaviors.DiscussionThe study pinpoints epidemiological indicators for the extent of this growing problem among adolescents.ConclusionsThe findings have implications for identifying protection factors and risk factors for addictive behaviors and related psychiatric disorders, and the development of primary prevention strategies derived from such factors.
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Combs, Cassidy. "A Neurological Approach to Addictive Behavior Patterns in Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Body Image Disorders." Journal of Addiction & Addictive Disorders 11, no. 2 (June 7, 2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24966/aad-7276/100166.
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When health care providers think of addiction, addictive behavioral patterns are not the most common concern that comes to mind. However, there is a large population of patients who struggle with Mental Illnesses that include addictive behavioral patterns.
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Zhai, Xuesong, Fahad Asmi, Rongting Zhou, Intikhab Ahmad, Muhammad Azfar Anwar, Saba Saneinia, and Man Li. "Investigating the Mediation and Moderation Effect of Students’ Addiction to Virtual Reality Games: A Perspective of Structural Equation Modeling." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2020 (September 24, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5714546.
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Virtual reality (VR) games construct an immersive context for the youth’s entertainment and learning. VR game addiction (VAD) occurs simultaneously and brings about psychological issues. The current research employed a maximum likelihood estimation method to construct a structural equation model, by which learners’ VR consumption behaviors were examined. The bootstrapping approach was adopted to explore further the mediation of VR realism (VRR) and the moderation of VR affordance on learners’ VAD, which potentially leads to distressing behavioral and psychological circumstances. Data were collected from 575 students recruited in the survey, which was followed by a test of reliability and validity through confirmative factor analysis. Results concluded that VRR and consumers’ cognitive satisfaction played a significant role as mediators while conceptualizing addictive behavior based on VR-perceived experience of consumers, self-efficacy, and interactivity. Moreover, this study conceptualized addictive behavior toward VR games through a structural equation model in a media-rich environment and suggested practical implications to reduce addictive behavior.
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Risalah, Aisyah Mujahidah, and Nofha Rina. "Comparison of Tiktok Application Users Between the Implementation of Creativity and Addictive Behavior." Devotion : Journal of Research and Community Service 5, no. 4 (April 30, 2024): 487–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.59188/devotion.v5i4.714.
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TikTok application users have now reached all levels of society, especially teenagers who use the TikTok application as a medium to express themselves. Teenagers who access TikTok are considered to have the opportunity to use creative abilities in creating content on TikTok, but the Tiktok application, in fact, will also have a bad impact on individuals, especially teenagers who are still very unstable. Tiktok can have a negative impact where it makes its users more and more addicted every day. This study aims to understand and analyze the implementation of creativity and addictive behavior of TikTok users. Implementation using Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (TTCT) and addictive behavior using Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale. There are four aspects of creativity, namely fluency, flexibility, elaboration, and originality. While addictive behavior there are aspects of importance, tolerance, mood swings, withdrawal and relapse. The method used is quantitative descriptive, to find out more between creativity and addiction that TikTok users use. Based on the findings, 85% were able to implement their creativity on the TikTok application with the biggest aspect lying in the flexibility in utilizing the ability to identify problems or provide solutions to their problems by utilizing the features and visualizations available on TikTok. As for addictive behavior, it was found that 75% of addictive behavior existed, with the largest dimension in mood swings, this is because TikTokers are looking for fun and entertainment to forget for a moment about the problem.
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Yayan, Emriye Hilal, Mehmet Emin Düken, Yeliz Suna Dağ, and Ayşegül Ulutaş. "Examination of the relationship between nursing student’s internet and smartphone addictions." Journal of Human Sciences 15, no. 2 (June 5, 2018): 1161. http://dx.doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v15i2.5247.
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Aim: The study examines the relationship between college nursing students’ smartphone addiction and internet addictions.Material and Method: The sample of this descriptive relationship-seeking study included 788 college nursing students. A personal information form, the Smartphone Addiction Scale and the Internet Addiction Scale were used as data collection tools.Results: The participants had high smartphone and internet addiction scores. The males were more prone to exhibit addictive behavior. The addiction scores of the students who cannot stand to be away from their phones were higher. Students involved in sports and students with reading habits had lower addiction scores. A strong positive correlation was found between students’ smartphone and internet addiction scores.Conclusions: Due to the strong correlation between smartphone and internet addiction, it was concluded that further research is needed to investigate addictive behaviors, particularly for smartphone addiction.
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Müller, Christian P., and Gunter Schumann. "Drugs as instruments: A new framework for non-addictive psychoactive drug use." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 34, no. 6 (November 10, 2011): 293–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x11000057.
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AbstractMost people who are regular consumers of psychoactive drugs are not drug addicts, nor will they ever become addicts. In neurobiological theories, non-addictive drug consumption is acknowledged only as a “necessary” prerequisite for addiction, but not as a stable and widespread behavior in its own right. This target article proposes a new neurobiological framework theory for non-addictive psychoactive drug consumption, introducing the concept of “drug instrumentalization.” Psychoactive drugs are consumed for their effects on mental states. Humans are able to learn that mental states can be changed on purpose by drugs, in order to facilitate other, non-drug-related behaviors. We discuss specific “instrumentalization goals” and outline neurobiological mechanisms of how major classes of psychoactive drugs change mental states and serve non-drug-related behaviors. We argue that drug instrumentalization behavior may provide a functional adaptation to modern environments based on a historical selection for learning mechanisms that allow the dynamic modification of consummatory behavior. It is assumed that in order to effectively instrumentalize psychoactive drugs, the establishment of and retrieval from a drug memory is required. Here, we propose a new classification of different drug memory subtypes and discuss how they interact during drug instrumentalization learning and retrieval. Understanding the everyday utility and the learning mechanisms of non-addictive psychotropic drug use may help to prevent abuse and the transition to drug addiction in the future.
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Park, Min-Hee. "Addictive Psychopathology, Smoking, and Drinking Among Adolescents in One Region." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 9, no. 8 (August 29, 2022): 440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.98.12975.
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This study purported to investigate the psychopathology of addiction, smoking, and drinking among adolescents in one region. Addictive psychopathology was investigated in terms of anxiety, depression, impulsivity, and aggression. This study performed a secondary analysis of statistical data from a survey with 28,256 participants; a two-sample t-test was used. The results of this study showed that anxiety, depression, impulsivity, and aggression differed according to current smoking and drinking habits. Addictive psychopathology is related to smoking and drinking behavior; therefore, prevention of addictive psychopathology through smoking and drinking behavior correction is required.
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Kaptalan, N. M. "DEPENDENT PERSONALITY BEHAVIOR AS A PROBLEM OF MODERN PSYCHOLOGY." PSYCHOLOGY AND SOCIAL WORK, no. 1(51) (June 15, 2020): 102–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2707-0409.2020.1(51).225413.
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In the conditions of modern social and social transformations, various manifestations of addictive behavior, such as alcoholism, drug addiction, gambling, eating disorders and others, have significantly increased.The article is devoted to the analysis of the state of development of the problem of dependent behavior of the individual and the selection of the main socio-personal determinants of this phenomenon. It is shown that the specifics of modern social life of the individual, psycho-emotional loads, incomplete and individual problems and other aspects of subjective space provoke states of internal tension and discomfort, significantly increase the constant psychological pressure felt by the subject, which is realized in violations eating behavior. The purpose of the article is to consider the main approaches to dependent personality behavior In today’s world, the problem of addictive behavior is one of the most difficult and difficult for society. It is extremely important for every state to have such a community, which would consist of people who are developed, intelligent, have goals and understand how to achieve them. Summarizing the scientific material on different types of addictive behavior, we can, firstly, divide them into socially acceptable and socially unacceptable types, and secondly, chemical and non-chemical, noting that food addiction occupies an intermediate place. Analyzing the existing scientific material, we can say that addictive behavior is not only a purely medical, but also a social and cultural problem of modern society.
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Kerkeni, A., W. Abbes, A. Frikha, K. Medhaffer, M. Abbes, K. Zitoun, and L. Ghanmi. "Addictive behavior and suicidality in patients followed by the department of psychiatry in the region of southern tunisia." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S586—S587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1564.
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IntroductionAddictive behaviors and suicide have important risks that need to be explored for any patient followed at the department of psychiatry, possibly endangering his vital and psychosocial prognosis.ObjectivesOur study aims to identify the link between addictive behavior and suicidal behavior in patients followed at the psychiatry department at the regional hospital of Gabes.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study carried out on a clinical population who consult in the psychiatry department in the Gabes’s regional hospital during the period from January 1st, 2020 to September 30, 2020.Sociodemographic and clinical data of the patients as well as their personal and family history were assessed. The evaluation of psychopathological disorders was carried out according to the diagnostic criteria of DSM-5. Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire (SBQ) was used for suicide risk assessment. Fagerstrom questionnaire in its validated French version was used to assess the of nicotine dependence. The exploration of childhood physical and emotional trauma was carried out by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) scale. Data were analysed using the software SPSS.Results100patients were included. The mean age was 45.5years. TableI: Breakdown of addictive behavior and suicide attempts by gender. TableII: Common vulnerability factors between addictive behavior and suicidalityThe analytical study showed that suicide attempts were correlated with addictive behaviors (p = 0.03) and that suicidal recurrence was correlated with addictive behaviors (p = 0.01).ConclusionsSuicidal behavior in patients followed in psychiatry is closely linked to addictive behavior, hence the importance of early management.
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El Archi, Sarah, Samuele Cortese, Nicolas Ballon, Christian Réveillère, Arnaud De Luca, Servane Barrault, and Paul Brunault. "Negative Affectivity and Emotion Dysregulation as Mediators between ADHD and Disordered Eating: A Systematic Review." Nutrients 12, no. 11 (October 27, 2020): 3292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12113292.
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with disordered eating, especially addictive-like eating behavior (i.e., binge eating, food addiction, loss of control overeating). The exact mechanisms underlying this association are unclear. ADHD and addictive-like eating behavior are both associated with negative affectivity and emotion dysregulation, which we hypothesized are mediators of this relationship. The purpose of this systematic review was to review the evidence related to this hypothesis from studies assessing the relationship between childhood or adulthood ADHD symptomatology, negative affectivity, emotion dysregulation and addictive-like eating behavior. The systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. The literature search was conducted in PubMed and PsycINFO (publication date: January 2015 to August 2020; date of search: 2 September 2020). Out of 403 potentially relevant articles, 41 were retained; 38 publications reported that ADHD and disordered eating or addictive-like eating behavior were significantly associated, including 8 articles that suggested a mediator role of negative affectivity or emotion dysregulation. Sixteen publications reported that the association between ADHD symptomatology and disordered eating or addictive-like eating behavior differed according to gender, eating behavior and ADHD symptoms (hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention). We discuss the practical implications of these findings and directions future research.
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Lior, Oren, Reizer Abira, and Weinstein Aviv. "Work addiction: An organizational behavior as well as an addictive behavior?" Journal of Behavioral Addictions 7, no. 4 (December 2018): 888–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2006.7.2018.119.
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Caretti, Vincenzo, Alessio Gori, Giuseppe Craparo, Marco Giannini, Giuseppe Iraci-Sareri, and Adriano Schimmenti. "A New Measure for Assessing Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders: The Addictive Behavior Questionnaire (ABQ)." Journal of Clinical Medicine 7, no. 8 (August 1, 2018): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm7080194.
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This article evaluates the psychometric properties of a new measure for assessing Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders: the Addictive Behavior Questionnaire (ABQ). The ABQ is a self-report measure composed of two sections: the Severity Index (SI) and the Seven Domains Addiction Scale (7DAS). Materials and methods. A total sample of 698 subjects divided into two groups (515 subjects in the clinical sample and 183 subjects in the control sample), participated in this study. We applied Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to examine features of ABQ construct validity, we used Cronbach’s alpha coefficient to assess its internal reliability, and explored some aspects of its concurrent validity by examining its associations with other measures assessing addictive behaviors and psychopathology. Results and conclusions: results of EFA indicated that all the scales of the ABQ are unidimensional and showed good internal consistency. The correlations between the sections of the ABQ and the other measures used in the current study were significant and in the expected directions. These results suggest that the ABQ has good psychometric properties and allows researchers and clinicians to gather relevant information regarding behaviors, psychopathology and severity of symptoms, for the best clinical reasoning and for planning tailored treatment for each patient.
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Myers, Wayne A. "Perspectives: Addictive Sexual Behavior." Journal of Addictions Nursing 8, no. 1 (1996): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10884609609022190.
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Gomberg, Edith. "Alcohol and Addictive Behavior." Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 177, no. 4 (April 1989): 245–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-198904000-00015.
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Kosten, Thomas R. "Assessment of Addictive Behavior." Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 177, no. 6 (June 1989): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-198906000-00016.
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Oskenbay, Fariza, Elmira Kalymbetova, Aliya Tolegenova, Maira Kabakova, Saya Bakiyeva, and Salima Nugmanova. "Addictive Behavior among Adolescents." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 171 (January 2015): 406–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.140.
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Silverman, Hirsch Lazaar. "Psychodynamics of Addictive Behavior." Contemporary Psychology: A Journal of Reviews 42, no. 9 (September 1997): 812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/001329.
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Kumalaratih, Embun, and Hendy Muagiri Margono. "Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) Model on Addictive Behavior." Jurnal Psikiatri Surabaya 12, no. 1 (May 4, 2023): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jps.v12i1.28893.
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AbstractsIntroductions: Adiction is a pattern of substance abuse behavior characterized by overuse of the substance (compulsive use), the safety of its availability, and a high likelihood of relapse after discontinuation. There are 3 (three) stages of addiction, those are a stage of internal change, lifestyle change, and life breakdown. Objectives: This study aims to explore the I-PACE concepts about its components and their relation with the emergence of addictive usage of certain internet services including gaming, online gambling, pornography addiction, online shopping, and social networking. Methods: This study is a literature review that collects from various source of scientific journals related to the psychiatric management of the disorder. Several studies from the international database Pubmed Central including textbooks review papers, comments, and editorials are reviewed to evaluate I-PACE concepts concerning the components and their interaction with addictive behavior. Results: The findings show that the I-PACE model which includes the P component (person), the A component (affective), the C component (cognitive), and the E component (executive function) explains the disruption in a person’s decision-making. The anatomy of the frontostriatal circuit, notably between the ventral striatum, amygdala, and dorsolateral prefrontal area, is particularly significant for the early stages of the addictive process and the dorsal striatum for the latter stages. Conclusions: Interactions between components that occur in certain situations will result in addictive behavior due to the formation of satisfaction and compensation related to that behavior .
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Velasco Rodrigues, R., J. Mesquita Reis, and L. Queiroga. "Self-mutilations – an addictive behavior?" European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.495.
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IntroductionSelf-mutilations are defined as an intentional behaviour that involves direct aggression to the person's body, without aware suicide intention. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV (DSM-IV) included self-mutilation as part of the diagnostic criteria for the other specified disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorder or borderline personality disorder. Later, the DSM-5 suggests that this behavior constitutes a separate diagnostic entity. Despite the growing concern regarding the increased incidence of self-mutilation among adolescents, there is still no consensus on the pathogenesis of this behavior. Recent studies have suggested that, in some cases, non-suicidal self-injurious behavior may be understood as an addictive behavior. Based on this hypothesis, several researchers have conducted genetic, neurobiological and clinical studies, to verify the existence of common pathways between these two nosological entities.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to conduct a literature review of studies that propose an additive model for self-injurious behavior, discussing its implications in the diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.MethodologyArticles indexed in the Pubmed database were analyzed as well as book and studies published in scientific journals.ConclusionA better understanding of the pathogenesis of self-mutilation is crucial to our diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Unfortunately, studies done on this topic in the past were inconclusive. Further clarification, through new studies, is needed in order for us to help adolescents with this behavior in a more effective way.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Petruzelka, Benjamin, Jaroslav Vacek, Beata Gavurova, Matus Kubak, Roman Gabrhelik, Vladimir Rogalewicz, and Miroslav Bartak. "Interaction of Socioeconomic Status with Risky Internet Use, Gambling and Substance Use in Adolescents from a Structurally Disadvantaged Region in Central Europe." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 13 (July 3, 2020): 4803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134803.
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Background and aims: The current level of knowledge concerning the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) on internet use, gambling, and substance use in structurally disadvantaged regions is scarce. The objective of this study was an investigation of the relationship between SES and risky internet use, gambling and substance use in a structurally disadvantaged region in Central Europe. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among high school students (n = 1063) in a Czech structurally disadvantaged region in autumn 2017. Binary Logistic Regression models were applied to data from the modified Excessive Internet Use scale (mEIUS), a standard tool for measuring the risk of addictive behavior on the internet and the risk of excessive gaming. Other data were collected using the Lie/Bet (problematic gambling), CAGE (acronym of the key words: cut, angry, guilty and eye-opener), and the Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST) (problematic alcohol/cannabis use) tools. Results: There were statistically significant differences between at-risk and not-at-risk groups in addictive behavior on the internet and gaming, while none were found in problematic gambling. Individual dimensions of SES showed significant effects on substance use. Regarding parenting styles, significant differences were found only in the risk of addictive behavior on the internet or gaming between the authoritarian and authoritative styles. Being engaged in behavioral addictions with one´s parents increased the odds of the behavioral addiction risk and decreased the odds of the substance addiction risk. Engagement with one´s parents in substance addictions decreased the odds of the behavioral addiction risk and increased the odds of the substance addiction risk. Discussion and Conclusions: The results point at specific relations between SES and the risk of addictive behaviors on the internet and gaming within structurally disadvantaged regions. The results of SES and/or structurally disadvantaged region measures obtained in research, policy-making, and care-provision may improve the focus of actions taken.
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Андрей Михайлович, Лилюхин, Баблоян Наталия Валериевна, and Кравченко Лидия Николаевна. "ADDICTIVE BEHAVIOR OF YOUNG PEOPLE AS ASUBJECT OF SCIENTIFIC RESERCH." STATE AND MUNICIPAL MANAGEMENT SCHOLAR NOTES 1, no. 3 (September 2022): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/2079-1690-2022-1-3-267-272.
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This article examines the essence of addictive behavior of young people. The forms of addictive behavior are revealed. A methodological approach is defined that allows us to study addictive behavior in a sociological perspective. The boundaries of addictive behavior are described, as well as its features are revealed. Conclusions are drawn that addictive behavior is largely a product of consumer society.
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Ramadhan, Rizki. "SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN UNTUK MENENTUKAN TINGKAT KECANDUAN GAME ONLINE MENGGUNAKAN METODE SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING (SAW)." Jurnal Informatika Polinema 8, no. 2 (March 1, 2022): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jip.v8i2.860.
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Playing games is everyone's favorite, both children and adults. One can continuously play games until one forgets the time and even forgets the surrounding environmental conditions. Frequent gaming can have an impact on a person's level of addiction to gaming. However, not everyone realizes that it has had this type of gaming addiction behavior. Therefore, research was conducted to determine the type of gaming addiction behavior. These types of behaviors are then created into a decision support system (SPK). This system is designed to build using simple additive weighting (SAW) method. With this research, a system was created to determine the level of gaming addiction based on six types of gaming addiction behaviors such as salience, euphoria, conflict, tolerance, withdrawal, relapse and reinstatement. This system can display the results of the most addictive gaming behavior based on the results of the SAW method.
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Мегем, Олеся. "ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ УМОВИ ПРОФІЛАКТИКИ КОМП’ЮТЕРНОЇ АДИКЦІЇ В УЧНІВ ПІДЛІТКОВОГО ВІКУ У ПРОЦЕСІ НАВЧАННЯ ОСНОВАМ ЗДОРОВ’Я." European Science, sge17-04 (February 28, 2020): 103–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.30890/2709-2313.2023-17-04-030.
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Pedagogical conditions for the prevention of computer addiction among adolescents have been identified and scientifically substantiated (acquaintance with the system of theoretical knowledge about addictive behavior, computer addiction; activation of educ
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Castro-Calvo, Jesús, Maèva Flayelle, José C. Perales, Matthias Brand, Marc N. Potenza, and Joël Billieux. "Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder should not be classified by solely relying on component/symptomatic features •." Journal of Behavioral Addictions 11, no. 2 (July 13, 2022): 210–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2006.2022.00029.
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Abstract The paper by Sassover and Weinstein (2022) contributes to a timely and complex debate related to the classification of Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder (CSBD). The recent inclusion of CSBD as an impulse-control disorder in the ICD-11 has generated debate since a competitive view is that CSBD should rather be classified as an addictive disorder. Sassover and Weinstein (2022) reviewed existing evidence and concluded it does not support the conceptualization of CSBD as an addictive disorder. Although we agree regarding the relevance and timely nature of considering the classification of CSBD, we respectfully disagree with the position that relying on the components model of addiction (Griffiths, 2005) is the optimal approach for determining whether or not CSBD is an addictive disorder. In this commentary, we discuss potential pitfalls of relying on the components model to conceptualize CSBD as an addictive disorder and argue that considering a process-based approach is important for advancing this timely debate.
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Young, Kimberly S. "Psychology of Computer Use: XL. Addictive Use of the Internet: A Case That Breaks the Stereotype." Psychological Reports 79, no. 3 (December 1996): 899–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1996.79.3.899.
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This case involves a homemaker 43 years of age who is addicted to using the Internet. This case was selected as it demonstrates that a nontechnologically oriented woman with a reportedly content home life and no prior addiction or psychiatric history abused the Internet which resulted in significant impairment to her family life. This paper defines addictive use of the Internet, outlines the subject's progression of addictive on-line use, and discusses the implications of such addictive behavior on the new market of Internet consumers.
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Leskauskas, Darius, Rima Gudaitytė, Inga Kiudulaitė, and Virginija Adomaitienė. "Attitudes of Lithuanian Secondary School Children Toward Addictive Behaviors, Their Promoting and Preventive Factors with Regard to the Age." Medicina 47, no. 2 (February 13, 2011): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina47020016.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the attitudes of Lithuanian secondary school children toward addictive behaviors, their promoting and preventive factors with regard to the age. Material and Methods. The study sample consisted of all 5th-, 9th-, and 12th-grade schoolchildren of 6 secondary schools in Kaunas and Šakiai (N=856). Schoolchildren were surveyed with a questionnaire consisting of the questions about their attitudes and experience regarding addictive behaviors and factors promoting and preventing such behaviors. Results. Smoking (82.8%), use of illegal drugs (81.0%), and consumption of strong alcoholic beverages (80.6%) were most often indicated as addictive behaviors. Consumption of light alcoholic beverages and computer gaming were least often indicated as addictive behaviors: by 67.2% and 57.1% of respondents, respectively. Less than one-third (32.7%) of respondents answered that they had one or more of potentially addictive behaviors: computer gaming (27.8%), consumption of light alcoholic beverages (24.6%), smoking (16.3%), and consumption of strong alcoholic beverages (12.1%). The most significant difference was observed between the answers of schoolchildren of 5th and 9th grades. Friends (38.4%), TV (37.9%), and Internet (24.6%) were most often mentioned as influencing a wish to try and abstain from addictive behaviors. Fear for one’s health (74.4%) and possible impediment for the life (71.4%) were the most frequently mentioned reasons for abstaining from addictive behaviors. Conclusions. Involvement in potentially addictive behaviors and acknowledgement of their risks were found to increase with the age of schoolchildren, most significantly from 5th to 9th grades. Consumption of light alcoholic beverages was the second most prevalent behavior among respondents, highly noticed in advertising, but least often acknowledged as addictive behavior. TV and Internet were most often mentioned by respondents as mass media influencing their wish to try or abstain from trying addictive behaviors. Reasons for abstaining from addictive behaviors differed with regard to the age but fears for health and life impediment were most prevalent in all grades.
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Lee, Hae Kook. "Prerequisites for stakeholder framework: Consumer advocacy and health protection in the digital industry. •." Journal of Behavioral Addictions 9, no. 4 (January 15, 2021): 898–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2006.2020.00095.
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AbstractThe World Health Organization (WHO) included gaming disorders in International Classification of Disease-11th (ICD-11) on May 25, 2019. Since then, some academics and the gaming industry have continued to argue over the health system's response to online addictive behaviors. Under these circumstances, a framework involving groups representing various interests is needed to derive a reasonable solution to the dispute over the inclusion of gaming disorders in ICD-11. For this framework to work effectively, it is necessary to agree on consistent and advanced research findings that harms related to the excessive use of digital devices or content continue to occur empirically all over the world and that addictive use constitutes a primary addictive disorder. The problematic risk taking involving emerging technologies may include not only health risks from addictive use, but also more general harms associated with digital ethics and norms such as privacy and transparent money transactions. An understanding of a public health model of addiction is required to reduce harms associated with online addictive behavior that exist behind risk taking. Such harms are also mediated by excessive use, excessive money spending, and exposure to addictive content such as violence and pornography. Major stakeholders and their roles can be derived more effectively based on these conceptual models and parameters of harms. In conclusion, the context of the proposed stakeholder framework should be further optimized on the basis of two principles: (1) advocating consumer rights as a general and standard approach to digital products; and (2) protecting consumers' health from harms related to addictive behaviors.
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Denysenko, Mykhailo. "Addiction and neurotic disorders (mechanisms and specificity of clinical and psychopatological manifestations of comorbidity)." Ukrains'kyi Visnyk Psykhonevrolohii, Volume 28, issue 3 (104) (October 14, 2020): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36927/2079-0325-v28-is3-2020-6.
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The article presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of the addictive status of patients with neurotic disorders: representation, severity, variants and specificity of addictive behavior. The features of the clinical and psychopathological structure and dynamics of neurotic disorders with addictions are analyzed, the mechanisms and patterns of the formation of comorbid combinations are highlighted. It has been established that neurotic disorders are often associated with addictive disorders. It is noted that addictions in neuroses are represented by a wide range of variants and are characterized by multimorbidity (a tendency to combine several addictions at the same time). It was determined that the clinical structure of neurotic disorders in their comorbidity with addictions is modified and its clinical and psychopathological specificity is highlighted. It has been determined that pathopsychological factors are involved in the mechanisms of formation of neurotic disorders with addictive behavior, among which the key role belongs to the need-motivational sphere, which combines competing motivations aimed at meeting the needs that support the addictive and neurotic states. Key words: neurotic disorder, addiction, comorbidity, clinical and psychopathological features, mechanisms of formation
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Liu, Min, Xu Tan, E. Liu, Zhaofang Hang, Ruiheng Song, Shouhong Mu, Weikai Han, Qingwei Yue, and Jinhao Sun. "Inactivation of the Lateral Hypothalamus Attenuates Methamphetamine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference through Regulation of Kcnq3 Expression." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 13 (June 30, 2022): 7305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23137305.
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Repeated administration of methylamphetamine (MA) induces MA addiction, which is featured by awfully unpleasant physical and emotional experiences after drug use is terminated. Neurophysiological studies show that the lateral hypothalamus (LH) is involved in reward development and addictive behaviors. Here, we show that repeated administration of MA activates the expression of c-Fos in LH neurons responding to conditioned place preference (CPP). Chemogenetic inhibition of the LH can disrupt the addiction behavior, demonstrating that the LH plays an important role in MA-induced reward processing. Critically, MA remodels the neurons of LH synaptic plasticity, increases intracellular calcium level, and enhances spontaneous current and evoked potentials of neurons compared to the saline group. Furthermore, overexpression of the potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 3 (Kcnq3) expression can reverse the CPP score and alleviate the occurrence of addictive behaviors. Together, these results unravel a new neurobiological mechanism underlying the MA-induced addiction in the lateral hypothalamus, which could pave the way toward new and effective interventions for this addiction disease.
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Ferrer-Pérez, Carmen, Sandra Montagud-Romero, and María Carmen Blanco-Gandía. "Neurobiological Theories of Addiction: A Comprehensive Review." Psychoactives 3, no. 1 (January 23, 2024): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/psychoactives3010003.
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It is essential to develop theories and models that enable us to understand addiction’s genesis and maintenance, providing a theoretical and empirical framework for designing more effective interventions. Numerous clinical and preclinical research studies have investigated the various brain and physiological mechanisms involved in addictive behavior. Some researchers have gone a step further, developing what we may refer to as “neurobiological theories of addiction”, which are scientific models that can explain and predict different addiction phenomena. Many of these neurobiological theories are not mutually exclusive but rather extensions and refinements of earlier theories. They all share a similar definition of addiction as a chronic disease characterized by a loss of control over substance consumption, with the brain being identified as the principal organ involved. Most propose a multifactorial causation in which both biological and environmental factors interact, accentuating or causing neurobiological dysfunction in structures and brain circuits involved in behavior and motivation. This review delves into primary neurobiological theories of addiction, commencing with the opponent-process theory—one of the earliest comprehensive explanations of the addictive process. Subsequently, we explore more contemporary formulations connecting behavioral alterations in the addictive process to changes and disruptions in various brain systems.