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Journal articles on the topic 'Additive adsorption'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Feng, Bing, Shuang Hong Liu, Guo Xu Chen, Kun Wang, and Pei Hua Shang. "Research on the Sorption of Anticorrosion and Antiwear Addtives on Surface of Axletree." Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (July 2011): 1284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.1284.

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Conduct simulative adsorption experiment with lubricating oil containing anticorrosion additive and axletree, measure the variation of which represents the absorption of anticorrosive on the surface of friction pairs, and then testify the adsorptive function of anticorrosive on the surface of friction pairs; By the adsorptive experiment conducted on lubricating oil containing anti-wear additive, find out that the competitive adsorptive relation between anti-wear additive and anticorrosive.

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2

Skerlos, Steven J., N. Rajagopalan, Richard E. DeVor, Shiv G. Kapoor, and V. Don Angspatt. "Ingredient-Wise Study of Flux Characteristics in the Ceramic Membrane Filtration of Uncontaminated Synthetic Metalworking Fluids, Part 2: Analysis of Underlying Mechanisms." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 122, no. 4 (November 1, 1999): 746–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1286131.

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Part 2 of this paper reveals the predominant mechanism of flux decline during microfiltration of the synthetic MWF described in Part 1 of this paper. An analysis of flux data obtained during the experimental investigation suggests that adsorptive interactions occur at the membrane surface. Field Emission Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-ESEM) images of aluminum oxide membranes after MWF microfiltration illustrate that adsorption leads to a reduction in pore diameter that serves to reduce flux. The majority of the adsorption is accounted for by a single lubricant additive in the MWF formulation. FE-ESEM images also reveal that the mechanism of flux decline for the defoamer varies depending on the presence of lubricant additive in solution. In the absence of lubricant additive, the defoamer forms a cake layer at the membrane surface. In the presence of the lubricant additive, the defoamer adsorbs to the surface of the membrane with the lubricant additive to constrict pores. In contrast to the lubricant additive and defoamer, base fluid flux decline observed after specialty additive exposure cannot be accounted for by adsorption leading to pore constriction. [S1087-1357(00)01203-X]

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3

Rengga, W. D. P., M. Sudibandriyo, and M. Nasikin. "Development of Formaldehyde Adsorption using Modified Activated Carbon – A Review." International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 1, no. 3 (November 3, 2012): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.1.3.75-80.

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Gas storage is a technology developed with an adsorptive storage method, in which gases are stored as adsorbed components on the certain adsorbent. Formaldehyde is one of the major indoor gaseous pollutants. Depending on its concentration, formaldehyde may cause minor disorder symptoms to a serious injury. Some of the successful applications of technology for the removal of formaldehyde have been reported. However, this paper presents an overview of several studies on the elimination of formaldehyde that has been done by adsorption method because of its simplicity. The adsorption method does not require high energy and the adsorbent used can be obtained from inexpensive materials. Most researchers used activated carbon as an adsorbent for removal of formaldehyde because of its high adsorption capacity. Activated carbons can be produced from many materials such as coals, woods, or agricultural waste. Some of them were prepared by specific activation methods to improve the surface area. Some researchers also used modified activated carbon by adding specific additive to improve its performance in attracting formaldehyde molecules. Proposed modification methods on activation and additive impregnated carbon are thus discussed in this paper for future development and improvement of formaldehyde adsorption on activated carbon. Specifically, a waste agricultural product is chosen for activated carbon raw material because it is renewable and gives an added value to the materials. The study indicates that the performance of the adsorption of formaldehyde might be improved by using modified activated carbon. Bamboo seems to be the most appropriate raw materials to produce activated carbon combined with applying chemical activation method and addition of metal oxidative catalysts such as Cu or Ag in nano size particles. Bamboo activated carbon can be developed in addition to the capture of formaldehyde as well as the storage of adsorptive hydrogen gas that supports renewable energy. Keywords: adsorption; bamboo; formaldehyde; modified activated carbon; nano size particles

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4

Khamlue, Phitchayanin, Narumon Lertcumfu, Pharatree Jaita, Supalak Manotham, Tawee Tunkasiri, Pruchya Malasri, and Gobwute Rujijanagul. "The Effects of Biochar Additive on the Properties of Geopolymer Materials." Key Engineering Materials 798 (April 2019): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.798.273.

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In this research, the effects of biochar additive on the properties of geopolymer materials were investigated. Normally, the geopolymer can be used for adsorption materials due to good ion exchange capacity. Biochar also has the application as an adsorption material for pollutant removal. Biochar particles were prepared from waste materials in pyrolysis condition. The geopolymer materials were prepared by mixing metakaolin and aluminium oxide in alkaline activator solutions of Na2SiO3and NaOH. Biochar was mixed with geopolymer by 0, 10, 20, and 30 % weight of binder. A NaOH concentration of 15 M, and Na2SiO3/NaOH ratios of 1.5 by weight were used. The density, porosity, and water absorption were measured. The phase formation, microstructure, and bonds of the sample were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The adsorption capacity of each sample was determined by methylene blue adsorption tests. The result of the removal efficiency of all samples shows high adsorption capacity (60-70 %). It should be interesting alternative materials used for remove of aqueous solution.

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5

Jahanmir, S., and M. Beltzer. "Effect of Additive Molecular Structure on Friction Coefficient and Adsorption." Journal of Tribology 108, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3261129.

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Experimental results on friction coefficients obtained with a number of model additives in a four ball test apparatus have confirmed a recently proposed model of boundary lubrication. The values of adsorption free energies, calculated from friction coefficient data, agreed very closely with the free energies of adsorption determined by contact potential difference measurements. In general, the ranking order of additives based on the free energy of adsorption was the same as the published literature. The friction coefficient data obtained here were in excellent agreement with the published data on the chain length effect, chain saturation and branching and polar end-group structure. The ranking order within each group of single chain compounds was explained by the chain dispersion interactions. In general, the greater the chain dispersion interaction, the lower the minimum friction coefficient (the friction coefficient at monolayer coverage).

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6

Schreifels, John A., Robert E. Morris, Noel H. Turner, Robert L. Mowery, and Steven M. Hues. "Adsorption of a metal deactivator additive onto metal surfaces." Energy & Fuels 5, no. 2 (March 1991): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef00026a007.

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7

Tabara, Aya, Chihiro Yamane, Makoto Abe, and Masaharu Seguchi. "Adsorption of xanthene food additive dyes to cellulose granules." Cellulose 18, no. 1 (October 16, 2010): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-010-9462-2.

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8

Fefelov, V. F., P. V. Stishenko, V. M. Kutanov, A. V. Myshlyavtsev, and M. D. Myshlyavtseva. "Monte Carlo study of adsorption of additive gas mixture." Adsorption 22, no. 4-6 (January 5, 2016): 673–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10450-015-9753-x.

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9

Ma, Cha, Yu Ping Yang, and Long Li. "Analysis of Adsorption Mechanism of Anti-Balling Additive for Drilling Engineering on Metal Surface." Applied Mechanics and Materials 437 (October 2013): 551–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.437.551.

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Due to the repeated cracking caused by the adsorption of cuttings on the surface of drilling bits and BHA during drilling operation, the rate of penetration (ROP) could reduce remarkably. The anti-balling additive for drilling fluids (ABA) could eliminate the adsorption effect of cuttings, and increase ROP significantly. In this paper, the mechanism of eliminating the adsorption effect of cuttings was investigated in details. The results indicate that ABA can form multilayer chemical and physical adsorption on the surface of drill bits and BHA in the form of oriented adsorption of organic phosphine, which is of great importance to the design of drilling fluid system and field operation to raise ROP.

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10

Tomie, Mineyoshi, Takanori Akita, Masaru Irita, and Masanori Hayase. "Transitional Additive Adsorption with Co-Addition of Suppressor and Leveler for Copper TSV Filling." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 167, no. 8 (May 14, 2020): 082513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ab90ad.

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11

Poon, Geoffrey G., Stefan Seritan, and Baron Peters. "A design equation for low dosage additives that accelerate nucleation." Faraday Discussions 179 (2015): 329–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4fd00226a.

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Additives are used to control nucleation in many natural and industrial environments. However, the mechanisms by which additives inhibit or accelerate solute precipitate nucleation are not well understood. We propose an equation that predicts changes in nucleation barriers based on the adsorption properties and concentrations of trace additives. The equation shows that nucleant efficacy depends on the product of an adsorption equilibrium constant and the reduction in interfacial tension. Moreover, the two factors that determine the potency of additives are related to each other, suggesting that assays of just one property might facilitate additive design. We test the design equation for a Potts lattice gas model with surfactant-like additives in addition to solutes and solvents.

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12

Zhong, Jun, Fangyong Li, and Weijie Yang. "The Effect of CaBr2 on Mercury Speciation in Flue Gas: An Experimental and DFT Study." Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal 11, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1876973x01811010001.

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Background: Additives affect the formation of different mercury speciation in coal-fired derived flue gas. Objective: In order to study the effect of the additive CaBr2 content, the Ontario Hydro Method (OHM) method has been applied to analyze the mercury speciation at the entrance and export of denitration (SCR). Method: Density Functional Theory (DFT) has been used to study the adsorption of mercury halide on unburned carbon surface. Result: The results show that along with the increasing amount of additive CaBr2, there is an increasing trend of the ratio of Hg2+ in flue gas. Conclusion: CaBr2 addition contributes to oxidize Hg 0 to Hg2+ and increase the mercury concentration through SCR. DFT results indicate that the adsorption of HgBr and HgBr2 on unburned carbon surface is chemisorption, and Br-C bond is stronger than Hg-C bond, both these bonds are covalent interaction.

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13

Zeng, Tongzhou, Kyung Tae Kim, Charles J. Werth, Lynn E. Katz, and Kishore K. Mohanty. "Surfactant Adsorption on Shale Samples: Experiments and an Additive Model." Energy & Fuels 34, no. 5 (April 5, 2020): 5436–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b04016.

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14

Lechuga-Ballesteros, David, and Nair Rodriguez-Hornedo. "THE EFFECT OF ADDITIVE ADSORPTION ON CRYSTAL GROWTH AND MORPHOLOGY." Particulate Science and Technology 10, no. 1 (January 1, 1992): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02726359208906597.

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15

Aponte, Yira, Djamal Djaouadi, and Hugo de Lasa. "Selective adsorption of thiophene using a HIPZD additive in FCC." Fuel 128 (July 2014): 71–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.02.027.

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16

Marina, Biljana, Snezana Brezovska, Donco Burevski, and Biljana Panova. "Porous and adsorption properties of hydrated cement paste." Chemical Industry 58, no. 1 (2004): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0401006m.

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Adsorption isotherms of benzene on hydrated cement pastes prepared by cement ground with and without the addition of grinding aids, triethanol amine (TEA) and ethylene glycol (EG) were investigated. The adsorption isotherms were interpreted by means of the Dubinin-Astakhov (DA) and Dubinin-Radushkevich-Stoeckli (DRS) equations. The microporous structure of cement gel (C-S-H) in the cement pastes, and changes in the Gibbs free energy of adsorption were determined. The mechanical properties of the cement pastes were also measured. It was evident that pastes with additives had different parameters of the DRS and DA equations: the volume and dimensions of the gel pores, the distribution of the dimensions, the characteristic energy of adsorption, and the change in the Gibbs free energy of adsorption. The mechanical properties were also different. The dispersity of the additive-containing ground cements had a favorable effect on the hydration processes. When applying TEA, it was also necessary to analyze its influence on the chemical behavior of hydration in the starting period.

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17

Tao, Zhihua, Guanting Liu, Yuanxun Li, and Hua Su. "Electrochemical and analytical study of electroplating additive in copper plating solution for microvia filling." Circuit World 45, no. 3 (August 5, 2019): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cw-07-2018-0052.

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Purpose The adsorption and acceleration behavior of 3-mercaptopropyl sulfonate (MPS) were investigated by electrochemical tests for microvia filling by copper electroplating. Design/methodology/approach The synergistic effects of one suppressor of propylene oxide ethylene oxide propylene oxide named PEP and MPS as the accelerator during copper electroplating were also investigated by electrochemical methods such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy cyclic voltammetric stripping (CVS) and Galvanostatic measurements (GMs). Findings The research results suggest that the adsorption of MPS onto the Cu-RDE metal surface was a spontaneous process and the adsorbing of MPS on cathode was proposed to physical-chemistry adsorption in the plating formula. There was no potential difference (i.e. ?? = 0) of GMs until MPS was injected into the plating solution suggest that copper deposition is not diffusion-controlled in the presence of PEP–Cl–JGB. Originality/value A new composition of plating bath was found to be effective to perform bottom-up copper filling of microvias in the fabrication of PCB in electronic industries. The adsorption of MPS into the Cu-RDE metal surface was a spontaneous process and the adsorbing of MPS on cathode was studied by EIS and the results proposed to physical-chemistry adsorption in the plating formula. An optimal plating solution composed of CuSO4, H2SO4, chloride ions, PEP, MPS and JGB was obtained, and the microvia could be fully filled using the plating formula.

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18

Ianiceli, Juliana Alexandre, Aline Maria Dourado Rodrigues, João Farias Sousa Junior, Rafael Gomes Abreu Bacelar, and Maria Christina Sanches Muratori. "Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain associated to a fish culture additive: antifungal activity and AFB1 adsorption potential." Acta Veterinaria Brasilica 15, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21708/avb.2021.15.1.9585.

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae is widely applied as a probiotic in aquaculture activities, due to its ability to decontaminate the mycotoxin Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). From this point, the present study aimed to evaluate the antifungal and anti-aflatoxigenic activities of inactivated Saccharomyces cerevisiae mixed with a commercial product (CP) of animal feed to assess its influence on the Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus fungi growth on the AFB1 production. Besides, AFB1 adsorption potential of S. cerevisiae and the commercial product was also investigated. Different concentrations of the commercial product alone and in the presence of inactivated yeast were analyzed by Aspergillus growth inhibition test, aflatoxin production by Aspergillus species, and AFB1 adsorption capacity. AFB1 detection and quantification were carried out by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. The inactivated yeast and commercial product combination were effective in reducing A. flavus and A. parasiticus growth. A. flavusproduced less AFB1 after the inactivated yeast treatment, whereas A. parasiticus produced significantly less AFB1under a combination of inactivated yeast and 50% CP. Regarding AFB1 adsorption, 100% CP displayed the highest adsorption capacity at 10 ng mL-1 AFB1. At 25 ng mL-1 AFB1, only the treatment comprising inactivated yeast associated with 50% CP led to AFB1 adsorption, albeit at low levels. It was concluded that the association between the commercial additive and inactivated S. cerevisiae was effective in reducing the growth of fungi and there was AFB1 adsorption activity.

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19

Baia, Luana, de Raddi, Carlos Pereira, de Carvalho, and de Gaya. "Adsorption as alternative process in the preliminary production of automotive additive." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 26, no. 3 (2020): 215–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq190419038b.

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Nitrogenous contaminants in the diesel fraction are converted to NOx compounds in an automotive combustion chamber. Afterwards, they are reduced to nitrogen by catalytic reduction/oxidation reactions in presence of ammonia derived from a 32.5 wt.% urea solution. This process is named selective catalytic reduction (SCR). In Brazil, the urea solution for SCR is ARLA 32 and must comply with the limit content of 0.3 wt.% of biuret. However, the commercial Brazilian urea solution has an average biuret content of 0.5 wt.%. Thus, it is necessary to adjust the biuret content in urea solution to be used as ARLA 32, and adsorption is a low energy option. The objective of this study was to evaluate commercial adsorbents for removing biuret from solution of commercial urea to adjust it to the specification of ARLA 32. Two activated coals and one ion exchange resin were tested in adsorption assays, with best performances of both coals.

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20

Yang, Hui, Meng Zhao, Ji Gang Yang, Xin Chai, and Yue Xu. "Experimental Study on the Modification of Granular Activated Carbon by Potassium Permanganate to Adsorb Cu²⁺ in the Water." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 2453–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.2453.

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This document studies test methods on modification of activated carbon by potassium permanganate to adsorb Cu2+. Ensure all factors’ effects on Cu2+ removal. Use potassium permanganate solution to modify activated carbon, investigate main factors’ effects on Cu2+ removal and analyze mechanism by changing potassium permanganate solution concentration, adsorption time, activated carbon’s additive amount and temperature. The results show that modification of activated carbon by 0.03mol/L potassium permanganate solution (0.03K-GAC) can adsorb Cu2+ best. 0.03K-GAC’s removal rate on Cu2+ is 98% when the initial concentration of Cu2+ is 50mg/L, the additive amount of 0.03K-GAC is 2.0g, the pH value is 5.5, the temperature is 25°C and the adsorption time is 4h. Modification of activated carbon by potassium permanganate has good adsorbability on Cu2+. Potassium permanganate solution concentration, adsorption time and additive amount can influence the adsorption of Cu2+ by activated carbon. However, temperature’s influence on the effect of adsorption is non-significant.

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21

Sun, Shu-Hong, Shu-Qin Zheng, Zhi-Feng Wang, Yan-Hui Zhang, and Jian-Tai Ma. "Sulphur reduction additive prepared from caustic-modified kaolin." Clay Minerals 40, no. 3 (September 2005): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0009855054030174.

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AbstractThe performance of a fluidized cracking catalyst additive prepared from caustic-modified kaolin microspheres for gasoline S reduction was investigated using N2 adsorption, infrared acid-site characterization, X-ray diffraction and small-scale fluid bed reactor tests. The additive exhibited improved coke selectivity and yield distribution, and the S content of cracked gasoline was reduced significantly. The results indicated that a reactive mesoporous structure was formed in the modified kaolin.

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22

Pinto, O. A., A. J. Ramirez-Pastor, and F. Nieto. "Phase diagrams for the adsorption of monomers with non-additive interactions." Surface Science 651 (September 2016): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2016.03.023.

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23

Sanchez-Varretti, F. O., F. M. Bulnes, and A. J. Ramirez-Pastor. "Cluster-exact approximation applied to adsorption with non-additive lateral interactions." Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 518 (March 2019): 145–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2018.11.067.

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24

Brankovic, Stanko R., Natasa Vasiljevic, Timothy J. Klemmer, and Earl C. Johns. "Influence of Additive Adsorption on Properties of Pulse Deposited CoFeNi Alloys." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 152, no. 4 (2005): C196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.1864352.

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25

Hu, Zhen Qi, Xiu Hong Yang, and Ying Chun Zhang. "Clay Minerals as a Feasible Additive to Stabilize Cadmium in Contaminated Soils." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 1906–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.1906.

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The adsorption behavior of clay minerals in cadmium contaminated soils has been studied in order to remedy soils contaminated with this metal in this work. The results show that Langmuir model best describes the adsorption of Cd2+, and the maximum sorption values of 8.45 mg/g for bentonite, 5.69mg/g for sepiolite and 10.57mg/g for attapulgite are obtained at pH 5-6. In addition, the effect of clay minerals amendment on a highly cadmium contaminated soil has been studied by means of pot experiments. The results indicate that the metal concentrations in shoot and root of plant decreased with addition of clay minerals to soil (1%), and the highest decrease value of metal concentrations is obtained in the soils added by attapulgite amendment.

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26

Zhang, Lei, Fengxi Yu, Lihong Chen, and Jingfa Li. "Adsorption of molecular additive onto lead halide perovskite surfaces: A computational study on Lewis base thiophene additive passivation." Applied Surface Science 443 (June 2018): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.02.251.

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27

Sztekler, Karol, Wojciech Kalawa, Łukasz Mika, Agata Mlonka-Medrala, Marcin Sowa, and Wojciech Nowak. "Effect of Additives on the Sorption Kinetics of a Silica Gel Bed in Adsorption Chiller." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 19, 2021): 1083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041083.

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The article presents experimental results of the metal-based and carbon nanotube additives influence on sorption kinetics of a silica-gel-based adsorption bed in an adsorption chiller. The purpose of the doping is to improve the efficiency of sorption processes within the bed by use of metallic and non-metallic additives characterized by higher thermal diffusivity than basic adsorption material. The higher the thermal conductivity of the bed, the faster the sorption processes take place, which directly translates into greater efficiency of the refrigerator. In this study, sorption kinetics of pure silica gel sorbent doped with a given amount of aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) powders and carbon nanotubes (CNT) were analyzed. The tests were performed on DVS Dynamic Gravimetric Vapor Sorption System apparatus used for dynamic vapor sorption measurements. A decrease in the amount of adsorbed water was observed with an increase in the mass share of the additives in the performed studies. Experimental results show that, CNTs seems to be the most promising additive as the sorption process time was reduced with the smallest decrease in water uptake. Any significant reduction of adsorption time was noted in case of the Al addition. Whereas, in case of Cu doping, delamination of the mixture was observed.

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Jiang, Jiaqiao, Kefeng Wang, Qingqing Liu, and Jin Zhai. "Optimizing CdS intermediate layer of CdS/CdSe quantum dot-sensitized solar cells to increase light harvesting ability and improve charge separation efficiency." RSC Advances 6, no. 101 (2016): 99564–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra15937k.

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A modified Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) technique with the addition of a triethanolamine (TEA) additive into a cationic precursor solution was utilized to optimize the CdS intermediate layer to enhance the performance.

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Jin, Yunhe, Guangbi Li, Jinli Zhang, Yanfeng Pu, and Wei Li. "Effects of potassium additive on the activity of Ru catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination." RSC Advances 5, no. 47 (2015): 37774–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra03466c.

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K additive can improve the catalytic activity of Ru-based catalysts through promoting the formation of more active RuO₂ species and enhancing the reactant adsorption and product desorption.

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Pinto, O. A., P. M. Pasinetti, A. J. Ramirez-Pastor, and F. D. Nieto. "The adsorption of a mixture of particles with non-additive interactions: a Monte Carlo study." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 5 (2015): 3050–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp04428b.

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31

Wang, Yuan, Yike Meng, Chuanyue Wang, and Bao Wang. "Ammonium Release and Adsorption Characters of Polyurethane–Biochar Crosslinked Material as an Additive Filler in Stormwater Treatment." Polymers 13, no. 10 (May 13, 2021): 1557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13101557.

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The additive fillers in bioretention facilities play a leading role in stormwater treatment to purify polluted runoff. At present, many traditional materials could not meet the requirements at the same time, including low ammonium leaching quantities, high water storage volume and strong ammonium adsorption. This study investigated a polymer material, polyurethane–biochar crosslinked material (PCB), to evaluate the feasibility of using it as an additive filler in stormwater treatment compared with its raw material hardwood biochar (HB), and two traditional fillers. Successive leaching and ammonium isothermal adsorption experiments were conducted in deionized water and artificial stormwater. PCB leached 4.98–5.31 μmol/g NH4-N, less than the leaching quantities of compost, the traditional filler. After polyurethane modification, ammonium adsorption of PCB was improved: at a typical ammonium concentration of 2 mg/L in stormwater, PCB could adsorb 43.6 mg/kg ammonium versus 34.6 mg/kg for HB. With the addition of PCB in sand column, the ammonium adsorption improved from 31.34 to 84.72%. To improve the performance of bioretention facilities, PCB is recommended to be added into filter layers in stormwater treatment, taking advantage of its high cation exchange capacity and spongy internal structure to minimize overland flooding and enhance removal of ammonium from stormwater.

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Su, Ji Xin, Ming Bo Zhang, Li Yuan Ma, Shen Ping Zhang, and Fei Fei Dong. "Controlling the Wall Thickness and Pore Size of SBA-15 by Using PPG and PEG as Additives." Advanced Materials Research 152-153 (October 2010): 1514–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.152-153.1514.

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Ordered mesoporous silica SBA-15 with controlled pore size and wall thickness was synthesized using polypropylene glycol (PPG) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as different additives. The final samples were characterized by low-angle X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption-desorption and transmission electron microscopy. The SBA-15 used PPG or PEG as additive all could maintain the two-dimensional hexagonal structure. The addition of PPG could expand the pore size and decrease the wall thickness and the addition of PEG could reduce the pore size and increase the wall thickness of SBA-15.

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33

Pinto, O. A., A. J. Ramirez-Pastor, and F. Nieto. "Adsorption thermodynamics of a lattice–gas model with non-additive lateral interactions." Surface Science 602, no. 10 (May 2008): 1763–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2008.03.006.

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34

Matsumoto, H., H. Tani, and T. Nakakawaji. "Adsorption properties of lubricant and additive for high durability of magnetic disks." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 37, no. 4 (July 2001): 3059–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.947063.

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35

Özacar, Mahmut. "Phosphate adsorption characteristics of alunite to be used as a cement additive." Cement and Concrete Research 33, no. 10 (October 2003): 1583–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0008-8846(03)00113-3.

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Matsumoto, H., H. Tani, and T. Nakakawaji. "Adsorption properties of lubricant and additive for high durability of magnetic disks." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 36, no. 5 (2000): 2680–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/20.908557.

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37

ONO, Haruna, Ryo TSUBOI, and Shinya SASAKI. "1102 Measurements of Adsorption Behavior of Lubricant Additive by Quartz Crystal Microbalance." Proceedings of the Machine Design and Tribology Division meeting in JSME 2010.10 (2010): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemdt.2010.10.13.

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38

Pinto, O. A., P. M. Pasinetti, and A. J. Ramirez-Pastor. "Quasi-chemical approach for adsorption of mixtures with non-additive lateral interactions." Applied Surface Science 392 (January 2017): 1088–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.09.146.

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39

Zhang, Juntao, and Raj M. Manglik. "Additive Adsorption and Interfacial Characteristics of Nucleate Pool Boiling in Aqueous Surfactant Solutions." Journal of Heat Transfer 127, no. 7 (January 10, 2005): 684–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1924626.

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Interfacial phenomena and ebullient dynamics in saturated nucleate pool boiling of aqueous solutions of three surfactants that have different molecular weight and ionic nature are experimentally investigated. The additive molecular mobility at interfaces manifests in a dynamic surface tension behavior (surfactant adsorption–desorption at the liquid–vapor interface), and varying surface wetting (contact angle) with concentration (surfactant physisorption at the solid–liquid interface). This tends to change, enhance, and control the boiling behavior significantly, and an optimum heat transfer enhancement is obtained in solutions at or near the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the surfactant. Furthermore, wettability (contact angle) is observed to be a function of the molecular makeup of the reagent, and shows distinct regions of change along the adsorption isotherm that are associated with the aggregation mode of adsorbed ions at the solid–water interface. This distinguishably alters the ebullience from not only that in pure water, but also between pre- and post-CMC solutions. Increased wetting tends to suppress nucleation and bubble growth, thereby weakening the boiling process.

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40

Huo, Ting, Zhenbin Chen, Jiapeng Long, Lei Kang, Duolong Di, and Xueyan Du. "Preparation of LX1180-SO3− and the comparative study on the adsorption behaviour of LX1180 and LX1180-SO3−." Pigment & Resin Technology 45, no. 1 (January 4, 2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-08-2014-0059.

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Purpose – This work focused on the sulphonation modification research of highly crosslinking non-polarity macroporous adsorption resin (MAR) LX1180; the adsorption behaviour of LX1180 and its chloromethylation- and sulphonation-modified products (LX1180-Cl and LX1180-SO3−); and the inﬂuence of the structure parameters matching degree of MAR and ﬂavonoids on the adsorption feature and adsorption kinetics. Design/methodology/approach – LX1180-SO3− was obtained by the processes of chloromethylation first and then sulphonation. LX1180-Cl and LX1180-SO3− were prepared through the principle of substitution reaction from LX1180 and LX1180-Cl, respectively. First, Monochloromethyl ether (ME), pre-treated ZnCl2, NaCl and iron powder were added into the swollen LX1180 to obtain the chloromethylated LX1180. Thereafter, NaCl, NaOH and SAA were added into the swollen LX1180-Cl to obtain the sulphonation modification LX1180. The conditions were investigated and optimised; the structures of LX1180-Cl and LX1180-SO3− were characterised by Fourier transform infrared chromatography (FTIR) and a specific surface area instrument. Finally, the adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm were used to evaluate the adsorption capacity of LX1180-Cl and LX1180-SO3− for flavonoids, and the adsorptions and desorptions of LX1180-SO3− with different sulphonation degree on different flavonoids were investigated systemically. Findings – Results showed that LX1180-Cl and LX1180-SO3− had been prepared successfully, and that after the sulphonation, the adsorption capacity tended to increase with the increase of adsorption time, and the equilibrium adsorption capacity of LX1180-SO3− was also higher than that of LX1180. Research limitations/implications – The research only investigated the adsorption and desorption properties for only one kind of functional group, and other functional groups should also be studied in future work. Practical implications – This contribution can provide a further base for the research of separation and purification of natural products with the aim to improve food additive removal or isolation and purification of flavonoids used for healthcare applications. Originality/value – The adsorptions and desorptions of LX1180-SO3− with different sulphonation degree on different flavonoids were investigated. The relationship between sulphonation degree and the adsorption and desorption capacities of flavonoids were also explored, and the results showed that with the increase of sulphonation degree, the adsorption of LX1180-SO3− to rutin and cyanidin was maximum, while the desorption ratio was minimum at the same sulphonation degree; this phenomenon could be ascribed to the variation in the polarity matching degree.

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Sandhya, K. S., D. Pukazhselvan, Duncan Paul Fagg, and Nobuaki Koga. "Interaction of magnesium hydride clusters with Nb doped MgO additive studied by density functional calculations." RSC Advances 6, no. 66 (2016): 61200–61206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra11281a.

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42

Cao, Hong Xia, Ying Tao, Bian Ling Liu, and Qing Zhen Feng. "Experimental Study about Modified Fly Ash of Treating Phosphorus Wastewater." Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (September 2013): 1972–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.1972.

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The research examines the phosphorus removal efficiency of modified fly ash on landscape water and its influencing factors, and also study the actual eutrophication landscape water . Results show that when the solution pH is controlled in the range of 5 ~ 9, agitation speed is 150r. min -1and the additive amount modified fly ash is 1.2 g·L-1, the oscillation adsorption time and adsorption temperature are respectively 60 min and at room temperature, for the raw water whose initial concentration of total phosphorus is 10.0 mg·L-1 , the adsorption rate is 98.4%,which has a good adsorption effect. The test about Real urban landscape water shows total phosphorus is 0.35 mg·L-1 , when the additive quantity of modified fly ash is 200 mg·L-1, the concentration of the water reduce to the level of 0.01 mg·L-1 ,which is up to the first class of landscape water quality standard (GB18921-2002)

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Moon, Ellen M., and Caroline L. Peacock. "Modelling Cu(II) adsorption to ferrihydrite and ferrihydrite–bacteria composites: Deviation from additive adsorption in the composite sorption system." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 104 (March 2013): 148–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2012.11.030.

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Zhang, Wen Qi, and Pin Hua Rao. "Effect of Diatomite Additive on Biomass Respiratory Activity in Activated Sludge." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.264.

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Laboratory and pilot scale experiments indicated that the diatomite additive could improve the stability of activated sludge process and the efficiency of COD removal for coal gasification wastewater treatment. In this paper, the effect of diatomite additive on biomass respiratory activity was studied to investigate the enhancing mechanism. Experimental results showed that diatomite additive could enhance biomass activity obviously when the biomass activity was inhibited by the wastewater with total phenols concentration of 188.9 mg/L -501.2 mg/L. It could be concluded that the mechanism of diatomite enhancing biomass activity were its adsorption of phenols and concentration of DO.

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45

Alghamdi, Ahmad H. "Determination of Allura Red in Some Food Samples by Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 88, no. 5 (September 1, 2005): 1387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/88.5.1387.

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Abstract Square wave (SW) voltammetry was used to explore the adsorption properties of the food additive dye Allura Red on a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE). By using the adsorptive stripping voltammetric approach, we developed a sensitive electroanalytical method for the determination of this azo dye. A well-developed voltammetric peak probably related to the cathodic reduction of the azo moiety was obtained in pH 9 Britton-Robinson (B-R) buffer at 613 mV. Cyclic voltammetric studies indicated that the reduction process was irreversible and primarily controlled by adsorption. The adsorptive voltammetric signal was evaluated with respect to various experimental conditions; the optimized values were supporting electrolyte, B-R buffer; pH 11; accumulation time, 180s; accumulation potential, 0.0V; scan rate, 900 mV/s; pulse amplitude, 75 mV; and SW frequency, 90 Hz. Adsorptive voltammetric peak current showed a linear response for Allura Red in the concentration range of 2.5 × 10−8 to 2.0 × 10−7 mol/L (r = 0.998). The limit of detection was 8.5 × 10−9 mol/L (4.2 ng/mL), the precision in terms of relative standard deviation was 1.3%, and the mean recovery was 102%. Possible interferences by several substances usually present in food products such as food additive azo dyes (E110, E102), gelatin, natural and artificial sweeteners, preservatives, and antioxidants were also evaluated. The proposed electrochemical procedure was successfully applied to the determination of this food dye in commercially available candy and a soft drink. The results were compared by statistical evaluation with those obtained by a reference spectrophotometric method.

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46

Gao, Guo Rui, Yue Fen Yin, Duan Yang Yang, and Dong Fang Yang. "Promoting Behavior of Fungal Degradation Polychlorinated Biphenyl by Maifanite." Advanced Materials Research 662 (February 2013): 515–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.662.515.

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Biotransformation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may be affected by many factors such as biostimulation and bioaugmentation whether beneficial or not. Served as natural healthy medical stone, feed additive and also filters for their adsorption capability in water purification function, was used widely in China. In this paper, PCB 118 was selected as typical polychlorinated biphenyl to study maifanite additive influence on the degradating efficiency of marine fungi for POPs. The results of controlled trials by two penicillium fungus showed thatthe degradation rates of PCB 118 were higher with maifanite as promoting additive than mediums without maifanite. Significant differences were found in further analysis of zeta potential of maifanite in solutions from pH 2 to pH 9 suggesting different adsorption capability of maifanite at different pH levels.

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47

Mehbad, Noura Yahya El. "Effect of Modified Kiln Dust and a Cationic Surfactant on the Removal of Aromatic and Heavy Metal Compounds from Fuels." Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 35, no. 5 (October 17, 2019): 1508–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/350505.

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This paper aims to investigate removal of aromatic and heavy metals compounds from fuels using cement kiln dust, and a cationic surfactant. The effect of a cationic surfactant and the composition of kiln dust on the stability of fuel was studied. The optimum conditions of adsorption were investigated. The stability of fuels was improved after adsorption because of the absorption of heavy metals, which act as catalysts. The concentrations of kiln dust and additives are effective for the absorption of heteroatoms of polar and nonpolar molecules. The addition of different concentrations of the cationic surfactant to kiln dust enhances the removal of polar molecules in fuel. The relation between the efficiency of the cationic surfactant and the enhanced removal of polar molecules was established. This study suggests a new mechanism to remove polar molecules according to the structure of the additive. Several parameters that affect the performance of the removal process were investigated under all optimum conditions. A complete chemical analysis of the fuels before and after treatment was performed, and the stability of the fuel was evaluated at different conditions. The prepared additive could enhance the oil quality and is environmentally safe. The adsorption behaviour of kiln dust was investigated to find a new mechanism of its efficiency. The results confirm the role of the cationic surfactant in the purification of fuels and the effectiveness of kiln dust in improving the stability of fuels, which depend on the concentration of the cationic surfactant and the nature of the kiln dust.

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48

Berthod, Alain, Ines Girard, and Colette Gonnet. "Additive effects on surfactant adsorption and ionic solute retention in micellar liquid chromatography." Analytical Chemistry 58, no. 7 (June 1986): 1362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00298a021.

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49

Dong, Wenming, and Jiamin Wan. "Additive Surface Complexation Modeling of Uranium(VI) Adsorption onto Quartz-Sand Dominated Sediments." Environmental Science & Technology 48, no. 12 (June 2, 2014): 6569–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es501782g.

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50

Hinchliffe, Doug J., Brian D. Condon, Ryan P. Slopek, and Michael Reynolds. "The adsorption of alkyl-dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride onto cotton nonwoven hydroentangled substrates at the solid–liquid interface is minimized by additive chemistries." Textile Research Journal 87, no. 1 (July 22, 2016): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517515622154.

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Quaternary ammonium compounds, commonly referred to as quats, are cationic surfactants widely used as the active biocidal ingredient for disposable disinfecting wipes. The cationic nature of quats results in a strong ionic interaction and adsorption onto wipes materials that have an anionic surface charge, such as cellulosic materials, including cotton. The degree of adsorption of quats onto cotton nonwovens is affected by pretreatment of the substrate, more specifically whether it is a greige or a scoured and bleached fabric. This study examined the effect of varying the chemical and physical properties of solutions on the adsorption of the quat alkyl-dimethyl-benzyl-ammonium chloride (ADBAC) onto greige and scoured and bleached cotton nonwoven fabrics produced by hydroentanglement. At a constant surfactant concentration, the liquor ratio, pH, temperature, and concentrations of various electrolytes in the solution were varied and the amount of ADBAC depleted from solution was determined over time. The results suggested that a more alkaline solution increased the amount of ADBAC adsorbed onto both cotton nonwoven fabrics, while a more acidic solution reduced ADBAC adsorption. Likewise, increasing the temperature and concentration of salts in the solution reduced the adsorption of ADBAC onto the cotton fabrics. The presence of nonionic surfactants or low molecular weight quats also reduced ADBAC adsorption onto cotton fabrics in a concentration-dependent manner. The results of this study will provide guidance for optimized chemical formulations compatible with disposable disinfecting cotton-based wipes, cloths, and other cotton-containing implements intended for use in cleaning and disinfecting applications.

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