Academic literature on the topic 'Additive; feding; fish production'

The diet balancing includes various approaches, including a way to expand the culinary products range from minced fish raw materials. To a certain extent, the indispensability and specific value of fish and other aquatic organisms, especially in children’s diets, lies in their therapeutic, prophylactic and dietary orientation, which is caused, first of all, by the balance of their chemical composition (complete protein complexes). Today, fish farms of our country grow carp, crucian, grass carp, white and spotted silver carp, garfish, pike perch, European, African and canal catfish and other types of freshwater fish. Many farms obtain modern workshops for the manufacture of semi-finished fish products: fish fillet, minced meat and other products after shock freezing in vacuum packaging. Considering the protein complexes lack in food and excessive consumption of animal lipids, scientists design recipes of frozen fish-growing composition with functional properties based on fish and vegetable raw materials. This product (for example, in the form of minced meat) becomes in demand at present due to the nutritional value, taste, physiological influence and low cost. All of the above leads to the advisability of obtaining minced fish with the addition of functional powder ingredients, for example, the “Lactulose Premium” prebiotic powder mixture, which includes a valuable component that is not present in fish raw materials, which makes fish products a functional ground minced meat product while maintaining consumer properties of this type of product. Thus, the technologies development for the production of functional minced fish semi-finished product with prebiotic properties and fish culinary dishes based on them is a relevant and promising direction of the food industry development.

This research aimed is to determine the effect of Secang extract addition and sardinella fish oil as feed additive on eggs performance and production of quail. The 98 quails and 10 weeks divided into 4 groups with unequal replication using the completely randomized design. The treatment which are P0 (based ration), P1 (based ration + 0,2% secang extract + 4% sardinella fish oil), P2 (based ration + 0,4% secang extract + 4% sardinella fish oil), P3 (based ration + 0,6% secang extract + 4% sardinella fish oil). The parameters observed were length storage time of egg, egg cholesterol rate, feed consumption, egg weight, hen day production, egg mass, feed conversion and mortality. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan’s analysis. The results showed that Secang extract addition and sardinella fish oil were increase egg cholesterol (P<0.05) and not significantly (P>0.05) on length storage time of egg and production of quail.

This research aimed is to determine the effect of Secang extract addition and sardinella fish oil as feed additive on eggs performance and production of quail. The 98 quails and 10 weeks divided into 4 groups with unequal replication using the completely randomized design. The treatment which are P0 (based ration), P1 (based ration + 0,2% secang extract + 4% sardinella fish oil), P2 (based ration + 0,4% secang extract + 4% sardinella fish oil), P3 (based ration + 0,6% secang extract + 4% sardinella fish oil). The parameters observed were length storage time of egg, egg cholesterol rate. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan ’s analysis. The results showed that Secang extract addition and sardinella fish oil were increase egg cholesterol (P<0.05) and not significantly (P>0.05) on length storage time of egg and production of quail. Keywords: Caesalpinia sappan L., egg cholesterol, Sardinella fish oil.

This research aimed is to determine the effect of Secang extract addition and sardinella fish oil as feed additive on eggs performance and production of quail. The 98 quails and 10 weeks divided into 4 groups with unequal replication using the completely randomized design. The treatment which are P0 (based ration), P1 (based ration + 0,2% secang extract + 4% sardinella fish oil), P2 (based ration + 0,4% secang extract + 4% sardinella fish oil), P3 (based ration + 0,6% secang extract + 4% sardinella fish oil). The parameters observed were length storage time of egg, egg cholesterol rate. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Duncan’s analysis. The results showed that Secang extract addition and sardinella fish oil were increase egg cholesterol (P<0.05) and not significantly (P>0.05) on length storage time of egg and production of quail. Keywords: Caesalpinia sappan L., egg cholesterol, Sardinella fish oil.

Background Fish byproducts are commonly recognized as low-value resources. In order to increase the value, fish byproducts need to be converted into new products with high functionality such as fish protein hydrolysate (FPH). In this study, FPH manufactured from parrotfish (Chlorurus sordidus) heads using different pH, time and sample ratio was investigated. Methods Hydrolysis reactions were conducted under different pHs (5, 7, and 9) and over different durations (12 and 24 h). Control treatment (without pH adjustment (pH 6.4)) and 0 h hydrolsisis duration were applied. Hydrolysates were characterized with respect to proximate composition, amino acid profile, and molecular weight distribution. The antioxidant activity of the hydrolysate was also observed. Results The pH and duration of hydrolysis significantly affected (p < 0.05) the characteristics of FPH. The highest yield of hydrolysate (49.04 ± 0.90%), with a degree of hydrolysis of 30.65 ± 1.82%, was obtained at pH 9 after 24 h incubation. In addition, the FPH had high antioxidant activity (58.20 ± 0.55%), with a high level of essential amino acids. Results suggested that FPH produced using endogenous enzymes represents a promising additive for food and industrial applications.

The scope of the project consisted in research-based development of new complex food additives from lactic acid and its derivatives for enhancing microbiological safety and shelf life extension of healthy food products. The object of research included: trial samples of complex food additives from lactic acids and its derivatives. The samples were obtained chemically using the following basic components: food grade lactic acid with 79.6% base substance mass fraction; acetic acid with 99.8% base substance mass fraction; propionic acid with 99.6% base substance mass fraction; neutralizing agents for synthesis of salts of the acids used, and propylene glycol with 99.8% base substance mass fraction. The optimal balance of the ingredients in the formula of the additive delivers the optimal level of true acidity combined with antimicrobial and antioxidant effect, and enhances organoleptical performance and process parameters of food products. This complex food additive containing lactate and acetate features high counter-regulatory effect on testing cultures of pathogenic organisms of rope spoilage of wheat bread and can be used for production of non-perishable products. The use of complex food additive in the production of dressed fish preserves activates biochemical processes related to fish maturation and delivers improved product quality and extended shelf life.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is widely applied as a probiotic in aquaculture activities, due to its ability to decontaminate the mycotoxin Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). From this point, the present study aimed to evaluate the antifungal and anti-aflatoxigenic activities of inactivated Saccharomyces cerevisiae mixed with a commercial product (CP) of animal feed to assess its influence on the Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus fungi growth on the AFB1 production. Besides, AFB1 adsorption potential of S. cerevisiae and the commercial product was also investigated. Different concentrations of the commercial product alone and in the presence of inactivated yeast were analyzed by Aspergillus growth inhibition test, aflatoxin production by Aspergillus species, and AFB1 adsorption capacity. AFB1 detection and quantification were carried out by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. The inactivated yeast and commercial product combination were effective in reducing A. flavus and A. parasiticus growth. A. flavusproduced less AFB1 after the inactivated yeast treatment, whereas A. parasiticus produced significantly less AFB1under a combination of inactivated yeast and 50% CP. Regarding AFB1 adsorption, 100% CP displayed the highest adsorption capacity at 10 ng mL-1 AFB1. At 25 ng mL-1 AFB1, only the treatment comprising inactivated yeast associated with 50% CP led to AFB1 adsorption, albeit at low levels. It was concluded that the association between the commercial additive and inactivated S. cerevisiae was effective in reducing the growth of fungi and there was AFB1 adsorption activity.

Glutathione (GSH) is an antioxidant that functions to protect cells from oxidative stress. It is used for medical purposes, as an additive in foods and cosmetics industry. The magnitude of these applications results in increased demand for glutathione every year, however, the cost of glutathione is high. The production of glutathione using an alternative source for the medium and the amino acids used in the media might be the solution for managing the high cost of glutathione production in yeast. This study uses an alternative media based on papaya and fish extract to reduce production costs. The fish extract contains glutamate, cysteine and glycine that can be utilised as a source of amino acid. This study suggested that media based on papaya extract could be employed to produce glutathione in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Moreover, administration of 5 mg/mL of fish extract could increase the glutathione production up to 36.36% as compared to a control. The optimum production of glutathione was obtained in a harvest time of 44 h culture. Therefore, further investigation by modifying the medium is warranted to produce glutathione in a cost friendly manner in the S. cerevisiae.

The paper raises problems of production of domestic compound feed for valuable fish species. The following representatives of valuable fish species are reared in the Republic of Belarus: rainbow trout, sterlet sturgeon, sturgeon, European and African catfish. All these types need high-quality and inexpensive compound feeds. Production of such feed is developing in our country. All the feeds for valuable fish species are extruded in the modern world. A range of raw materials has been studied that can be used as part of compound feeds for valuable fish species, such as Belarusian made fish meal, dry hemoglobin, soy concentrate, and whey fat concentrate. It has been determined that Belarusian fishmeal is of high quality and not inferior in balance to the amino acid composition of imported fishmeal made in Mauritania, and in terms of leucine and isoleucine level, over 2 times exceeds the imported one. Amino acid composition of dry hemoglobin was studied. It was determined that this feed additive can be used only for balancing feed for crude protein level and practically does not contain such an important essential amino acid as methionine. Valuable fish species are predators, for this reason compound feed contain high amount of protein (up to 50 %) and fat (up to 30 %) depending on the type and age of the fish. Therefore, soy protein concentrate can be used in terms of protein content and absence of anti-nutritional substances in compound feed, and whey-fat concentrate can be used for balancing the formulation for fat content. At the same time, the need for development of such deep processing industry in our republic is noted.

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Tilapia farming grows significantly throughout the national territory, mainly due to the market acceptance of tilapia fillet and the productive characteristics of this species. Although the productive chain of tilapia has shown great development in the last years, some obstacles are still persistent, like the high mortality rates and slow growth after allocation of the fingerlings or juveniles in the net tanks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the zootechnical characteristics of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings submitted to supplementation with crude green propolis. The animals were purchased at the commercial property Aquaminas, located in the city of São João da Mata, MG. Propolis was extracted from colonies of Apis mellifera bees, settled in an apiary in the Municipality of Cabo Verde, in the South of Minas Gerais, belonging to the Apiário Sol-Exportadora de Apiculas Company. A completely randomized design was used, with three treatments and three replications, with subdivision of plots. The experiment consisted of two phases. In the first phase, 1800 animals were used, masculinized, with an average weight of 1.5 ± 0.5g, distributed in six boxes of 500 liters, with aeration and constant water flow. In the second phase the plots were subdivided into 12 subplots and taken to net tanks. These tanks were randomly distributed in a conventional masonry tank (20 x 5 x 1 m) under ambient growing conditions. The water temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen were measured daily. Every two days the amount of total ammonia and nitrite were analyzed. The diets were elaborated with increased commercial diets with three levels of propolis concentrations (0, 1 and 2%). The rations used in the diet of the first phase were slurried and pelleted (1.8 mm), with 56% and 42% crude protein, respectively. In the next phase, to prepare the diet, pelleted ration with granulometry of 3 millimeters and 42% crude protein was used. Fish were fed four times daily in amounts of 10% of live weight. At the end of the experiment the following performance parameters were evaluated: standard length, total length, final weight, weight gain, apparent feed conversion and biomass. Fish consuming the feed supplemented with 1 and 2% crude green propolis showed higher growth. In view of the obtained data we conclude that the crude green propolis had efficacy as a growth promoter for Nile tilapia fingerlings.
A tilapicultura cresce de forma expressiva em todo o território nacional, devido principalmente à aceitação do mercado ao filé de tilápia e às características produtivas desta espécie. Embora a cadeia produtiva da tilápia tenha mostrado grande desenvolvimento nos últimos anos, alguns entraves ainda são persistentes, como as altas taxas de mortalidade e o crescimento lento após a alocação dos alevinos ou juvenis nos tanques-redes. Portanto, é necessário pesquisa que avalie alternativa para melhorar esses índices. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar as características zootécnicas de alevinos de tilápia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) submetidos à suplementação com própolis bruta verde. Os animais foram adquiridos da propriedade comercial Aquaminas, situada na cidade de São João da Mata, MG. A própolis foi extraída de colônias de abelhas Apis mellifera, instaladas em um apiário no Município de Cabo Verde, no Sul de Minas Gerais pertencente à Empresa Apiário Sol-Exportadora de Produtos Apícolas. Foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos e três repetições, com subdivisão de parcelas. O experimento contitui-se de duas fases. Na primeira fase, foram utilizados 1800 animais, masculinizados, com peso médio de 1,5 ± 0,5g, distribuídos em seis caixas de 500 litros, com aeração e fluxo de água constante. Na segunda fase, as parcelas foram subdividas em 12 subparcelas e levadas para tanques-rede. Esses tanques foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em um tanque convencional de alvenaria (20 x 5 x 1 m) em condições ambientais de cultivo. A temperatura da água, o pH e oxigênio dissolvido foram aferidos diariamente. A cada dois dia foi analisada a quantidade de amônia total e de nitrito. As dietas foram elaboradas com rações comerciais incrementadas com três níveis de concentrações de própolis (0; 1 e 2%). As rações utilizadas na dieta da primeira fase foram na forma farelada e peletizada (1,8 mm), com 56% e 42% de proteína bruta, respectivamente. Na fase seguinte, para compor a dieta, utilizou-se ração peletizada com granulometria de 3 milímetros e com 42% de proteína bruta. Os peixes foram alimentados quatro vezes por dia em quantidades de 10% do peso vivo. Ao fim do experimento, avaliaram-se os seguintes parâmetros de desempenho: comprimento padrão; comprimento total; peso final; ganho de peso; conversão alimentar aparente e biomassa. Peixes que consumiram a ração suplementada com 1 e 2% de própolis bruta verde mostraram maior crescimento (p<0,05). Diante dos dados obtidos, conclui-se que a própolis bruta verde teve eficácia como promotora de crescimento para alevinos de tilápia do Nilo.

<em>Abstract</em>.—We surveyed production managers of state natural resource agencies with striped bass <em>Morone saxatilis </em>and white bass <em>M. chrysops </em>× striped bass hybrid stocking programs to identify information needs and opportunities for shared innovations. Among 18 states responding, 17 reported ongoing fish transportation and stocking activities involving striped bass or striped bass hybrids. Oxygen diffusion was the most commonly reported treatment of fingerlings during transport, and the majority of respondents reported using agitators or aerators in hauling units. Sodium chloride was the most common additive used to condition hauling unit water, and five states also reported use of calcium chloride. Water quality monitoring procedures were less consistent among respondents, especially for receiving waters at stocking sites; only water temperature measurement was reported by all respondents. Although the majority of responding agencies reported monitoring fingerling survival during hauls, postrelease monitoring of fingerling survival was uncommon, in spite of the potential impact of release site water quality conditions on fingerling survival. Survey responses generally reflected improvements in consistency, with established guidelines since earlier surveys, but revealed an ongoing focus on prerelease condition of fingerlings as the primary measure of success of striped bass and striped bass hybrid stocking programs. We recommend that postrelease fingerling survival should be more widely monitored and used to determine success of stocking programs.