Relevant bibliographies by topics / Additive variance

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Academic literature on the topic 'Additive variance'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Additive variance"

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Mahdavi, M., G. R. Dashab, M. Vafaye Valeh, M. Rokouei, and M. Sargolzaei. "Genomic evaluation and variance component estimation of additive and dominance effects using single nucleotide polymorphism markers in heterogeneous stock mice." Czech Journal of Animal Science 63, No. 12 (December 4, 2018): 492–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/83/2017-cjas.

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Exploration of genetic variance has mostly been limited to additive effects estimated using pedigree data and non-additive effects have been ignored. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) marker models in the mixed and orthogonal framework including both additive and non-additive effects for estimating variances and genomic prediction in four diabetes-related traits in heterogeneous stock mice. Models have performed differently in detecting SNPs affecting traits. Dominance variances explained over 14.7 and 3.8% of genetic and phenotype variance in a Genomic prediction and variance component estimation method (GVCBLUP) framework. Reliabilities of additive Genomic best linear unbiased prediction model (GBLUP) in different traits ranged from 44.8 to 66.6%, for GVCBLUPs framework including both additive and dominance effects (MAD), and 46.1 to 69% for the model including additive effect (MA). Dominance GBLUP reliabilities ranged from 6 to 26.4% for MAD and from 22.5 to 50.5% in the model including dominance (MD). MA and MD had higher reliability for additive and dominance GBLUPs compared to MAD. Reliabilities of GBLUPs in MAD and MA for all traits were not significant except for growth slope (P < 0.01). In orthogonal framework models, epistasis variances accounted for a greater proportion (87.3, 89.1, 95.5, and 77.2%) of genetic variation for end weight, growth slope, body mass index, and body length, respectively. Heritability in a broad sense was estimated at 1.12, 1.67, 3.64, and 2.0%, in which non-additive heritability had a significant contribution. Genetic variances explained by dominance using GVCBLUPs were 16.8, 29.4, 14.6, and 14.9% for the traits. Generally, the non-additive models had a lower value of deviance information criterion (DIC) and performed better in estimating the variance component. Comparing the estimated variance by orthogonal framework models confirmed the results previously estimated by GVCBLUPs, with the difference that the estimates were shrinking. Following significant SNPs affecting diabetes-related traits by post-genome-wide studies could reveal unknown aspects and contribute to genetic control of the disease.
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Fakhfakh, Raouf. "Variance function of boolean additive convolution." Statistics & Probability Letters 163 (August 2020): 108777. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spl.2020.108777.

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Fang, Yixin, Heng Lian, Hua Liang, and David Ruppert. "Variance function additive partial linear models." Electronic Journal of Statistics 9, no. 2 (2015): 2793–827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/15-ejs1080.

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Taft, Heather R., and Derek A. Roff. "Do bottlenecks increase additive genetic variance?" Conservation Genetics 13, no. 2 (November 12, 2011): 333–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-011-0285-y.

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Nagy, I., J. Farkas, I. Curik, G. Gorjanc, P. Gyovai, and Zs Szendrő. "Estimation of additive and dominance variance for litter size components in rabbits." Czech Journal of Animal Science 59, No. 4 (April 15, 2014): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/7342-cjas.

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Additive, dominance, and permanent environmental variance components were estimated for the number of kits born alive, number of kits born dead, and total number of kits born of a synthetic rabbit line (called Pannon Ka). The data file consisted of 11 582 kindling records of 2620 does collected between the years 1996–2013. The total number of animals in the pedigree files was 4012. The examined traits were evaluated using single-trait and two-trait (number of kits born alive-dead) animal models containing all or part of the following effects: additive genetic effects, permanent environmental effects, dominance effects. Heritability estimates calculated using the basic single-trait and two-trait models were 0.094 ± 0.018 and 0.090 ± 0.016 for number of kits born alive, 0.037 ± 0.010 and 0.041 ± 0.012 for number of kits born dead, and 0.117 ± 0.018 for total number of kits born, respectively. The relative significance of permanent environmental effects was 0.069 ± 0.014 and 0.069 ± 0.012 for number of kits born alive, 0.025 ± 0.011 and 0.023 ± 0.010 for number of kits born dead, and 0.060 ± 0.013 for total number of kits born, respectively. Using the extended single-trait and two-trait models, the ratios of the dominance components compared to the phenotypic variances were 0.048 ± 0.008 and 0.046 ± 0.007 for number of kits born alive, 0.068 ± 0.006 and 0.065 ± 0.006 for number of kits born dead, and 0.005 ± 0.0073 for total number of kits born, respectively. Genetic correlation coefficients between number of kits born alive and number of kits born dead were 0.401 ± 0.171 and 0.521 ± 0.182, respectively. Spearman’s rank correlations between the breeding values of the different single-trait models were close to unity in all traits (0.992–0.990). Much lower breeding value stability was found for two-trait models (0.384–0.898), especially for number of kits born dead. Results showed that the dominance components for number of kits born alive and number of kits born dead were not zero and affected the ranking of the animals (based on the breeding values).  
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Berguson, W. E., B. G. McMahon, and D. E. Riemenschneider. "Additive and Non-Additive Genetic Variances for Tree Growth in Several Hybrid Poplar Populations and Implications Regarding Breeding Strategy." Silvae Genetica 66, no. 1 (December 28, 2017): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sg-2017-0005.

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Abstract Populus species (P. deltoides, P. maximowiczii, P. nigra) and their inter-specific hybrids were tested for growth rate over a five year period at four test locations in Minnesota, USA, to estimate genetic variance components. The breeding scheme incorporated recurrent selection of full-sib families of pure species parents, production of F1 inter-specific hybrids from selected families, and selection of clones within the F1s. Improvement of yield through time using this scheme is predicated on the assumption that additive effects comprise a significant portion of the total genetic variance. The estimates of additive and non-additive variances reported are not traditional point estimates, because a fully balanced mating design was impossible due to parental incompatibilities which result in incomplete breeding matrices. Instead, bounded estimates, not previously used in tree genetics research, are derived from linear combinations of formulae of genetic expectations observed among-family, among-clone, and environmental variances. Our results suggest that combined family and mass selection would lead to increases in growth rate of 27 % and 47 % per generation in P. deltoides and P. nigra, respectively. Broad sense-based clonal selection within the F1 could yield selection responses in excess of 90 % of the mean of such populations. Among-family variance comprised about 1/3 of total genetic variance while within-family variance was always about 2/3 of total genetic variance, regardless of pedigree. The results indicate that recurrent intraspecific selective breeding followed by interspecific hybridization and non-recurrent selection based on broad sense genetic variation would constitute an effective yield improvement strategy.
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WHITLOCK, MICHAEL C. "Neutral additive genetic variance in a metapopulation." Genetical Research 74, no. 3 (December 1999): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672399004127.

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For neutral, additive quantitative characters, the amount of additive genetic variance within and among populations is predictable from Wright's FST, the effective population size and the mutational variance. The structure of quantitative genetic variance in a subdivided metapopulation can be predicted from results from coalescent theory, thereby allowing single-locus results to predict quantitative genetic processes. The expected total amount of additive genetic variance in a metapopulation of diploid individual is given by 2Neσ2m (1 + FST), where FST is Wright's among-population fixation index, Ne is the eigenvalue effective size of the metapopulation, and σ2m is the mutational variance. The expected additive genetic variance within populations is given by 2Neσ2e(1 − FST), and the variance among demes is given by 4FSTNeσ2m. These results are general with respect to the types of population structure involved. Furthermore, the dimensionless measure of the quantitative genetic variance among populations, QST, is shown to be generally equal to FST for the neutral additive model. Thus, for all population structures, a value of QST greater than FST for neutral loci is evidence for spatially divergent evolution by natural selection.
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LIN, C. Y., and A. J. LEE. "ESTIMATION OF ADDITIVE AND NONADDITIVE GENETIC VARIANCES IN NONINBRED POPULATIONS UNDER SIRE OR FULLSIB MODEL." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 69, no. 1 (March 1, 1989): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas89-009.

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The separation of additive and nonadditive genetic variances has been a problem for animal breeding researchers because conventional methods of statistical analyses (least squares or ANOVA type) were not able to accomplish this task. Henderson presented computing algorithms for restricted maximum likelihood (REML) estimation of additive and nonadditive genetic variances from an animal model for noninbred populations. Unfortunately, application of this algorithm in practice requires extensive computing. This study extends Henderson's methodology to estimate additive genetic variance independently of nonadditive genetic variances under halfsib (sire), fullsib nested and fullsib cross-classified models. A numerical example illustrates the REML estimation of additive [Formula: see text] and additive by additive [Formula: see text] genetic variances using a sire model. Key words: Genetic variance, additive, nonadditive, dairy
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Liu, Li, Yayu Wang, Di Zhang, Zhuoxin Chen, Xiaoshu Chen, Zhijian Su, and Xionglei He. "The Origin of Additive Genetic Variance Driven by Positive Selection." Molecular Biology and Evolution 37, no. 8 (April 3, 2020): 2300–2308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa085.

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Abstract Fisher’s fundamental theorem of natural selection predicts no additive variance of fitness in a natural population. Consistently, studies in a variety of wild populations show virtually no narrow-sense heritability (h2) for traits important to fitness. However, counterexamples are occasionally reported, calling for a deeper understanding on the evolution of additive variance. In this study, we propose adaptive divergence followed by population admixture as a source of the additive genetic variance of evolutionarily important traits. We experimentally tested the hypothesis by examining a panel of ∼1,000 yeast segregants produced by a hybrid of two yeast strains that experienced adaptive divergence. We measured >400 yeast cell morphological traits and found a strong positive correlation between h2 and evolutionary importance. Because adaptive divergence followed by population admixture could happen constantly, particularly in species with wide geographic distribution and strong migratory capacity (e.g., humans), the finding reconciles the observation of abundant additive variances in evolutionarily important traits with Fisher’s fundamental theorem of natural selection. Importantly, the revealed role of positive selection in promoting rather than depleting additive variance suggests a simple explanation for why additive genetic variance can be dominant in a population despite the ubiquitous between-gene epistasis observed in functional assays.
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Wu, Jixiang, Johnie N. Jenkins, Jack C. McCarty, and Dongfeng Wu. "Variance Component Estimation Using the Additive, Dominance, and Additive × Additive Model When Genotypes Vary across Environments." Crop Science 46, no. 1 (January 2006): 174–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2005.04-0025.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Additive variance"

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Allahyani, Seham. "Contributions to filtering under randomly delayed observations and additive-multiplicative noise." Thesis, Brunel University, 2017. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/16297.

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This thesis deals with the estimation of unobserved variables or states from a time series of noisy observations. Approximate minimum variance filters for a class of discrete time systems with both additive and multiplicative noise, where the measurement might be delayed randomly by one or more sample times, are investigated. The delayed observations are modelled by up to N sample times by using N Bernoulli random variables with values of 0 or 1. We seek to minimize variance over a class of filters which are linear in the current measurement (although potentially nonlinear in past measurements) and present a closed-form solution. An interpretation of the multiplicative noise in both transition and measurement equations in terms of filtering under additive noise and stochastic perturbations in the parameters of the state space system is also provided. This filtering algorithm extends to the case when the system has continuous time state dynamics and discrete time state measurements. The Euler scheme is used to transform the process into a discrete time state space system in which the state dynamics have a smaller sampling time than the measurement sampling time. The number of sample times by which the observation is delayed is considered to be uncertain and a fraction of the measurement sample time. The same problem is considered for nonlinear state space models of discrete time systems, where the measurement might be delayed randomly by one sample time. The linearisation error is modelled as an additional source of noise which is multiplicative in nature. The algorithms developed are demonstrated throughout with simulated examples.
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McCurry, Elizabeth Mae. "Studying the effects of a 'captive breeding program' on additive genetic variance using Drosophila melanogaster relocation to a novel environment /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.

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Azpiroz, Rivero Hilda Susana. "Analyse de la variabilité génétique d'Helianthus annuus à partir de la culture d'embryons." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112136.

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Ce travail fait état de deux applications concrètes de la culture d'embryons immatures à l'amélioration du tournesol, l'objectif sous-jacent étant d'évaluer la variabilité génétique du matériel sur lequel ont été appliquées ces techniques. 1-L'une permet de créer des contraintes hydriques durant la culture "in vitro" au stade juvénile (embryon ou plantule), afin de sélectionner le matériel plus résistant au déficit hydrique. 2-L'autre se réfère à la culture "in vitro" des embryons immatures dans la fixation de lignées pures par la méthode de filiation monograine (SSD), afin d'accélérer la sélection. Pour la première approche, un hybride interspécifique entre H. Annuus et H. Anomalus a été fabriqué, dans le but d'obtenir du matériel possédant une base génétique élargie. Ceci pour faciliter la sélection "in vitro" des génotypes plus résistants au déficit hydrique. Nous avons constaté qu'au fur et à mesure que la concentration du mannitol augmente, le développement des embryons et des plantules diminue. Le potentiel hydrique foliaire aussi tend à diminuer avec l'augmentation de la concentration en mannitol. Les plantes adultes provenant de descendances sélectionnées par mannitol au stade "jeunes plantules", sont plus proches du phénotype H. Anomalus que celles qui proviennent des descendances témoins ou sélectionnées sur mannitol au stade "embryons". Le test sécheresse sur descendances F5 montre que le matériel qui a subi une sélection sur mannitol "in vitro", présente des réponses différentes par rapport au témoin vis-à-vis du stress. La méthode de sélection précoce sur "mannitol in vitro'' pourrait permettre, de façon relativement simple de sélectionner des plantes présentant certaines caractéristiques foliaires plus adaptées à supporter les conditions de sécheresse au champ. La deuxième approche nous a permis d'obtenir des semences F5 en 375 jours à partir du croisement diallèle initial de 7 parents. Les effets de la culture "in vitro" se traduisent par une série de modifications morphovégétatives et physiologiques sur les plantes qui ont été limitées par réduction de la durée du séjour "in vitro". L'évaluation de la variabilité génétique des lignées pures (F6) issues de la culture d'embryons immatures a été réalisée dans un délai de 890 jours. Les résultats montrent un élargissement de la variabilité au niveau des lignées issues du croisement diallèle par rapport aux parents. En outre le dispositif a permis de tester la présence d'épistasie (homozygote x homozygote) chez les lignées F6. L'analyse factorielle discriminante de l'aptitude à la combinaison, qui reflète une divergence génétique, a permis de détecter le rapport de parenté entre les géniteurs. D'autre part, entre les descendances F3 et F5, des corrélations phénotypiques significatives ont été mises en évidence pour 6 des caractères étudiés. Par contre une assez forte variation de ces deux types de corrélations a été constatée sur 3 familles entre les lignées F6 et la valeur hybride en F4
This work uses 2 concrete applications of the culture of young embryos for the Sunflower improvement, the principal aim being to evaluate the genetic variability of the material on which the technique was applied. 1-One application makes possible the induction of drought stress during "in vitro" culture to the young stage (embryos or plantlets) in order to select materials resistant to drought. 2-The other application is concerned with the "in vitro" culture of immature embryos in the production of imbred lines by single seeds descend method (SSd) in order to accelerate this selection. For the first approach an interspecific hybrid between H. Annuus and H. Anomalus was made in order to get some material possessing a larger genetic basis. This was to make possible the selection "in vitro" of genotypes that are more resistant to drought stress. We observed that, as the concentration of mannitol increased, the development of the embryos and the plantlets decreased, the leaf water potential also tended to decrease with the enhancement of mannitol concentration. The adult plants coming from progenies selected by mannitol at the young plantlet stage present nearer H. Anomalus phenotype, compared with controls or with mannitol selected embryons. The drought test on F5 progenies shows that the material which followed a mannitol "in vitro" culture reveals different reponses from the control or the drought stress. The early selection method involving "mannitol" application "in vitro" would make possible in a relatively simple way to select plants with specific foliage characteristics that would be advantageous adaptated to drought stress. With the second approach we obtained F5 seeds in 375 days from the initial diallel cross of 7 parents. The "in vitro" culture effects were expressed in a serie of morphovegetative and physiological modification in the plant which were limited by the reduction of the duration of the "in vitro" stage. The evaluation of the genetic variability of the imbreed lines (F6) issuing from the culture of young embryos was possible in a period of 890 days. The results show a growth in the variability of the lines got from the diallel crossing as compared to that of the parents. In addition the desing allowed estimations of the epistasis (homozygous * homozygous) in lines F6. The factor discriminant analysis of the combining abilities, which are the indicators of genetic divergence, gave us the relationships of the progeny. Furthermore, between the descendants F3 and F5 significative and positive phenotypic correlations were found evident for 6 of the characters studied. On the ether hand, a rather strong variation of the 2 types of correlations was recorded between 3 families of the lines F6 and their hybrids F4
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Araujo, Paulo Alencar de. "Detecção da epistasia para produção de grãos e caracteres agronômicos em soja." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11137/tde-05022007-163336/.

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O conhecimento da base genética dos caracteres é muito importante para orientar os melhoristas quanto às estratégias a serem utilizadas visando uma maior eficiência dos programas de seleção. Para os caracteres quantitativos, o estudo da base genética dos mesmos é geralmente feito através de estimativas de componentes de variância. A maioria dos delineamentos genéticos disponíveis permite estimar a variância genética aditiva e a variância genética dominante. Poucos delineamentos permitem detectar a ocorrência de epistasia e, consequentemente o componente epistático da variância genética. O objetivo deste trabalho foi detectar a ocorrência da epistasia em soja utilizando o Delineamento Trialélico Modificado (\"Modified triple test cross). O material genético utilizado compreendeu uma amostra de 30 linhas puras derivadas do cruzamento entre os genitores PI-123439 e PI-239235. As 30 linhas puras foram cruzadas com dois testadores contrastantes para a produção de grãos, denominados L1 e L2, gerando, portanto, 60 cruzamentos. Os cruzamentos foram autofecundados, a fim de multiplicar as sementes para a realização dos experimentos, obtendo-se, portanto, a geração F2 dos 60 cruzamentos. No ano agrícola de 2003/2004 os tratamentos foram avaliados em um experimento em blocos ao acaso com 15 repetições, contendo 90 tratamentos, isto é, os 60 cruzamentos, e as 30 linhagens. No ano agrícola de 2004/2005 foi feita uma nova avaliação experimental, de maneira semelhante ao ano anterior, utilizando como tratamentos os \"bulks\" de cada tratamento da geração anterior (geração F3). Em todos os casos as parcelas experimentais foram constituídas de uma linha de dois metros, com espaçamento entre linhas de 0,50 metros, contendo 35 plantas no estande ideal. Foram avaliados os seguintes caracteres: produção de grãos (PG), altura da planta no florescimento (AF), altura da planta na maturação (AM), dias para o florescimento (DF) e dias para a maturação (DM). Os dados experimentais foram submetidos às análises de variância e em seguida a uma análise genética, segundo o Delineamento Trialélico Modificado, que foi adaptado para as gerações F2 e F3. Os resultados indicaram a ocorrência de epistasia para PG, DF e DM, mas não para AF. Quanto ao caráter AM, não foi possível tirar conclusões, sendo necessário mais estudos. Estes resultados indicam que as estimativas de variâncias genéticas aditivas e dominantes para caracteres como PG, DF e DM em soja podem ser viesadas, quando não se considera a epistasia no modelo.
The understanding of the nature of genetic traits is very important in guiding plant breeders in designing strategies aiming to increase efficiency of selection programmes. The study of the genetic basis of quantitative traits is generally done through estimates of variance. The majority of genetic tests currently available permit the estimate of both additive and dominant genetic variance. Few tests detect the occurrence of epistasis and consequently the epistatic component of genetic variance. The objective of this work was to detect the occurrence of epistatis in soybean by using the \"Modified triple test cross\". The genetic material utilized consisted of a sample of 30 pure lines derived from a cross between the genitors PI-123439 and PI239235. The 30 pure lines were crossed with two contrasting test individuals to produce seed, which was denominated L1 and L2, generated from a total of 60 crosses. The progeny were self-crossed to multiply the seeds in order to carry out the experiments, producing an F2 generation of the 60 crosses. In the agricultural year 2003-2004 the measurements were carried out in an experiment of random plots with 15 repetitions, totalling 90 sets. In the agricultural year 2004-2005 further experiments were carried out, and measurements were taken using plants from the bulked F3 seed. In all cases the experimental plots consisted of a line of two metres, with a space between lines of 0.5 metres, totalling an average of 35 plants. The following traits were evaluated: grain yield, inflorescence height, plant height at maturation, age at flowering and maturation. The experimental data was subjected to analyses of genetic variance, followed by genetic analysis and the \"Modified triple test cross\" that was adapted for the F2 and F3 generations. The results indicate the occurrence of epistasis for grain yield, age at flowering and maturation, but not for plant height at flowering. It was not possible to determine if the trait for plant height at maturation showed epistasis, further experiments need to be carried out. These results suggest that the estimates of genetic additive and dominant variance for the grain yield, age at flowering and maturation traits in soybean may be incorrect when epistasis is not considered in the model.
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Eatwell, Karen Anne. "Remediation of instability in Best Linear Unbiased Prediction." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40245.

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In most breeding programmes breeders use phenotypic data obtained in breeding trials to rank the performance of the parents or progeny on pre-selected performance criteria. Through this ranking the best candidates are identified and selected for breeding or production purposes. Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP), is an efficient selection method to use, combining information into a single index. Unbalanced or messy data is frequently found in tree breeding trial data. Trial individuals are related and a degree of correlation is expected between individuals over sites, which can lead to collinearity in the data which may lead to instability in certain selection models. A high degree of collinearity may cause problems and adversely affect the prediction of the breeding values in a BLUP selection index. Simulation studies have highlighted that instability is a concern and needs to be investigated in experimental data. The occurrence of instability, relating to collinearity, in BLUP of tree breeding data and possible methods to deal with it were investigated in this study. Case study data from 39 forestry breeding trials (three generations) of Eucalyptus grandis and 20 trials of Pinus patula (two generations) were used. A series of BLUP predictions (rankings) using three selection traits and 10 economic weighting sets were made. Backward and forward prediction models with three different matrix inversion techniques (singular value decomposition, Gaussian elimination - partial and full pivoting) and an adapted ridge regression technique were used in calculating BLUP indices. A Delphi and Clipper version of the same BLUP programme which run with different computational numerical precision were used and compared. Predicted breeding values (forward prediction) were determined in the F1 and F2 E. grandis trials and F1 P. patula trials and realised breeding performance (backward prediction) was determined in the F2 and F3 E. grandis trials and F2 P. patula trials. The accuracy (correlation between the predicted breeding values and realised breeding performance) was estimated in order to assess the efficiency of the predictions and evaluate the different matrix inversion methods. The magnitude of the accuracy (correlations) was found to mostly be of acceptable magnitude when compared to the heritability of the compound weighted trait in the F1F2 E. grandis scenarios. Realised genetic gains were also calculated for each method used. Instability was observed in both E. grandis and P. patula breeding data in the study, and this may cause a significant loss in realised genetic gains. Instability can be identified by examining the matrix calculated from the product of the phenotypic covariance matrix with its inverse, for deviations from the expected identity pattern. Results of this study indicate that it may not always be optimal to use a higher numerical precision programme when there is collinearity in the data and instability in the matrix calculations. In some cases, where there is a large amount of collinearity, the use of a higher precision programme for BLUP calculations can significantly increase or decrease the accuracy of the rankings. The different matrix inversion techniques particularly SVD and adapted ridge regression did not perform much better than the full pivoting technique. The study found that it is beneficial to use the full pivoting Gaussian elimination matrix inversion technique in preference to the partial pivoting Gaussian elimination matrix inversion technique for both high and lower numerical precision programmes.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Genetics
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Faustino, Rita M?rcia Estigarribia Borges. "Predi??o de par?metros gen?ticos e incremento da qualidade em frutos de prog?nies de aboboreira (Cucurbita moschata Duch.)." Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 2017. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/616.

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Submitted by Jadson Francisco de Jesus SILVA (jadson@uefs.br) on 2018-02-22T21:50:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PREDI??O DE PAR?METROS GEN?TICOS E INCREMENTO DA QUALIDADE DEFINITIVO.pdf: 1627949 bytes, checksum: 31c34b863f924737f87f81fa9f625403 (MD5)
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The study aimed to estimate genetic parameters and genetic variability, as well as to determine the correlations among fruit variables associated with production and pulp quality attributes in pumpkin progenies. In 2013, the parameters and prediction of progeny gains allowed the ranking of the best individuals in 10 progenies from self pollination. In 2015 the divergence was determined, selecting genotypes for qualitative and quantitative characteristics, and studying the correlations among fruit variables associated with production and pulp quality attributes in 11 evaluated genotypes. In 2013, the REML/BLUP analysis allowed the ranking considering all variables evaluated indicating the individuals 10/1/1, 10/2/12 and 6/1/3 as more promising, being the first two of ?piriform? format, and the third of "moranga" format. In 2015, it was found great variability in the progenies evaluated and similarity among progenies C. moschata 1, C. moschata 3, C. moschata 4 and C. moschata 8. The promising progenies for fruit mass and ?-carotene were C. Moschata 4 and C. moschata 7 for advances aiming to increase of production and the nutritional characteristics of the fruit. Estimates of carotenoid contents generated by the Hue angle are only valid for contrasting genotypes due to the grouping of genotypes with carotenoid content four times higher than ?Jacarezinho? cultivar. The variables explained 98% of the variation in the basic variable in the path analysis and four variables can be used for direct selection aiming to increase of fruit mass.
O estudo objetivou obter estimativas de par?metros gen?ticos e de variabilidade gen?tica, bem como determinar as correla??es entre vari?veis do fruto associadas ? produ??o e atributos de qualidade da polpa em prog?nies de ab?bora. Em 2013, os par?metros e a predi??o de ganhos gen?ticos permitiram o ranqueamento dos melhores indiv?duos em 10 prog?nies provenientes de autofecunda??es. Em 2015 determinou-se a diverg?ncia, sendo feita a sele??o de gen?tipos para caracteres qualitativos e quantitativos, al?m de estudar as correla??es entre vari?veis do fruto associadas ? produ??o e atributos de qualidade da polpa em 11 gen?tipos avaliados. Em 2013, a an?lise via REML/BLUP possibilitou o ranqueamento considerando todas as vari?veis avaliadas indicando os indiv?duos 10/1/1, 10/2/12 e 6/1/3 como mais promissores, sendo os dois primeiros de formato ?piriforme? e o terceiro de formato ?moranga?. Em 2015, constatou-se grande variabilidade nas prog?nies avaliadas e similaridade entre as prog?nies C. moschata 1, C. moschata 3, C. moschata 4 e C. moschata 8. As prog?nies promissoras para massa do fruto e ?-caroteno foram C. moschata 4 e C. moschata 7 para avan?os visando aumento da produ??o e das caracter?sticas nutricionais do fruto. As estimativas dos teores de carotenoides geradas pelo ?ngulo Hue somente s?o v?lidas para gen?tipos contrastantes devido ao agrupamento de gen?tipos com teores de carotenoides quatro vezes maiores em rela??o a cultivar Jacarezinho. As vari?veis explicaram 98% da varia??o ocorrida na vari?vel b?sica na an?lise de trilha e quatro vari?veis podem ser utilizadas para a sele??o direta visando aumento da massa do fruto.
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Van, Melis Juliano 1981. "Estruturação da comunidade de trepadeiras em uma floresta estacional semidecídua." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314963.

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Orientador: Fernando Roberto Martins
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Apesar da importância que as trepadeiras apresentam em florestas tropicais, estudos sobre a montagem da comunidade de lianas (trepadeiras lenhosas e sublenhosas) que investiguem desde a contribuição dos fatores abióticos e bióticos até fatores intrínsecos (coexistência entre indivíduos) são escassos. O objetivo geral desta tese é pesquisar a estruturação da comunidade das espécies de lianas em uma Floresta Estacional Semidecídua (FES), investigando (1) a importância relativa dos fatores ambientais e espaciais para diferentes espécies de lianas, (2) a estruturação filogenética da comunidade de trepadeiras em diferentes ambientes, e (3) os efeitos diretos ou mediados das árvores e arbustos para o número de espécies e indivíduos de trepadeiras. Mostramos que (1) grande parte da variação na composição de espécies de lianas em uma FES é devido a fatores não investigados (fatores estocásticos) e o espaço (autocorrelação espacial). Portanto, concluímos que os maiores determinantes na variação da composição de espécies de lianas em uma FES é a aleatoriedade (sendo reflexo da variação estocástica das populações) e a limitação por dispersão (demonstrada pela alta autocorrelação espacial). No segundo capítulo (2), encontramos que uma maioria discreta das parcelas apresentou maior aproximação filogenética do que o esperado ao acaso na comunidade de trepadeiras amostrada. Houve pouca influência de variáveis relacionadas à dinâmica florestal na variação da aproximação filogenética, sendo que áreas com árvores mais altas e maior proporção de árvores do presente apresentavam maior aproximação filogenética que outras áreas. Concluímos que em áreas de dossel mais baixo e menor proporção de árvores do presente (clareiras) não apresentam menor sinal filogenético, pois todas as espécies de lianas apresentariam potencial de existirem nestas áreas, enquanto que nas áreas de floresta madura haveria a existência de filtros ambientais para a existência de poucos ramos filogenéticos. Por último (3), encontramos que os atributos da comunidade de árvores e arbustos são fatores importantes na variação dos atributos da comunidade de lianas, sendo parte dele decorrente do distúrbio no dossel. Mas o distúrbio no dossel como fator direto é mais importante na variação da abundância e número de espécies de lianas em uma Floresta Estacional Semidecídua
Abstract: Despite the fact that climbing plants present in tropical forests, studies which investigate the contribution of abiotic and biotic factors or intrinsic factors (coexistence between individuals) on community assembly of lianas (woody and sub-woody climbers) are scarce. The overall objective of this thesis is to research the community structure of liana species in a Seasonal Semideciduous Forest (SSF), investigating (1) the relative importance of environmental and spatial factors on community assembly of lianas, (2) the phylogenetic structure of climbing plants community along the forest development (treefall gaps to old-growth forest), and (3) the direct or indirect effects of trees and shrubs for the number of species and individuals of climbing plants. We show that (1) much of the variation in species composition of lianas in a SSF is due to stochastic factors and space. Therefore, we conclude that the major determinants of variation in lianas' species composition in a TSF are stochastic variance of populations, shown by the unexplained factors, and dispersion limitation, shown by spatial autocorrelation. In the second chapter (2), we found that a slight majority of the sample plots showed cluster phylogenetic structure in the climbing plants community. There was a slight influence of variables related to forest dynamics in the variation of the phylogenetic structure, and areas with tall trees and higher proportion of present trees had higher values of clustering in phylogenetic structure than other areas. We conclude that in areas of lower canopy and smaller proportion of present trees (treefall gaps) showed few phylogenetic branches, since all species of climbing plants would be existing in these areas, while areas of old-growth forest would demonstrate environmental filters for the climbing plants. Finally, we also found (3) that the community of trees and shrubs' attributes (abundance and species richness) are important factors in the variation of attributes liana community (species richness and abundance), being part of it due to the canopy disturbance. But canopy disturbance was the more important direct factor in variance of abundance and species richness of lianas in a Seasonal Semideciduous Forest
Doutorado
Doutor em Biologia Vegetal
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Olsson, Katarina. "Population differentiation in Lythrum salicaria along a latitudinal gradient." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-364.

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Pante, Maria Josefa Rull. "Inbreeding effects and estimation of additive and non-additive genetic variances for growth of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ35809.pdf.

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Marra, Giampiero. "Some problems in model specification and inference for generalized additive models." Thesis, University of Bath, 2010. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527788.

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Regression models describingthe dependence between a univariate response and a set of covariates play a fundamental role in statistics. In the last two decades, a tremendous effort has been made in developing flexible regression techniques such as generalized additive models(GAMs) with the aim of modelling the expected value of a response variable as a sum of smooth unspecified functions of predictors. Many nonparametric regression methodologies exist includinglocal-weighted regressionand smoothing splines. Here the focus is on penalized regression spline methods which can be viewed as a generalization of smoothing splines with a more flexible choice of bases and penalties. This thesis addresses three issues. First, the problem of model misspecification is treated by extending the instrumental variable approach to the GAM context. Second, we study the theoretical and empirical properties of the confidence intervals for the smooth component functions of a GAM. Third, we consider the problem of variable selection within this flexible class of models. All results are supported by theoretical arguments and extensive simulation experiments which shed light on the practical performance of the methods discussed in this thesis.
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Books on the topic "Additive variance"

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Dryja, Maksymilian. An additive variant of the Schwarz alternating method for the case of many subregions. New York: Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, 1987.

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Dryja, Maksymilian. An additive variant of the Schwarz alternating method for the case of many subregions. New York: Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, 1987.

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Tani, Irene. Le Rime di Bernardo Cappello. Venice: Edizioni Ca' Foscari, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-257-4.

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Bernardo Cappello (Venezia 1498 ca.-Roma 1560), member of one of the oldest patrician families of Venice, played an active role in the politics of the Venetian Republic, until his exile in 1540. After that, he became a collaborator and a protégé of cardinal Alessandro Farnese, who is one of the most significant figures of the century. Then he took refuge in Rome, where over the years he held varied appointments. Since his youth and in parallel with his political career, Cappello constantly devoted himself to humanistic studies and to rhymes production: pupil of Pietro Bembo, interlocutor of Giovanni Della Casa and close friend to Bernardo Tasso, the author is among the greatest exponents of the sixteenth-century Petrarchism. For the first time the critical edition of Rime by Bernardo Cappello is here given, namely the book of 353 compositions that the author elaborated on the pattern of Bembo’s directives, over a large period of time. In his book of poetry (canzoniere), through lyrical pieces, the author creates his own existential and biographical path. Regarding the evolution of the architecture of Cappello’s collection, four witnesses survived, in which we distinguish different phases: the first one is genetic and manuscript (Roma, Biblioteca Casanatense, 277), with addition of corrections that generally are close to the textual variants of the princeps; the second is the print of 1560 for the press of the Guerra brothers; finally, a further evolutionary stage is represented by two postillated prints. To these witnesses a rich miscellaneous tradition is added, which, for a large number of rhymes, restores the elaborative complexity through multiple genetic forms. Poems ousted from the ancient print, but part of the canzoniere in other phases of composition, are included in this critical edition.
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Alladi, Krishnaswami, Frank Garvan, and Ae Ja Yee. Ramanujan 125: International conference to commemorate the 125th anniversary of Ramanujan's birth, Ramanujan 125, November 5--7, 2012, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 2014.

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Saff, E. B., Douglas Patten Hardin, Brian Z. Simanek, and D. S. Lubinsky. Modern trends in constructive function theory: Conference in honor of Ed Saff's 70th birthday : constructive functions 2014, May 26-30, 2014, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society, 2016.

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Walsh, Bruce, and Michael Lynch. Short-term Changes in the Variance: 1. Changes in the Additive Variance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0016.

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Selection changes the additive-genetic variance (and hence the response in the mean) by both changing allele frequencies and by generating correlations among alleles at different loci (linkage disequilibrium). Such selection-induced correlations can be generated even between unlinked loci, and (generally) are negative, such that alleles increasing trait values tend to become increasingly negative correlated under direction or stabilizing selection, and positively correlated under disruptive selection. Such changes in the additive-genetic variance from disequilibrium is called the Bulmer effects. For a large number of loci, the amount of change can be predicted from the Bulmer equation, the analog of the breeder's equation, but now for the change in the variance. Upon cessation of selection, any disequilibrium decays away, and the variances revert back to their additive-genic variances (the additive variance in the absence of disequilibrium). Assortative mating also generates such disequilibrium.
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Walsh, Bruce, and Michael Lynch. Short-term Changes in the Variance: 2. Changes in the Environmental Variance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0017.

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While classical quantitative genetics usually assumes that all genotypes have the same environmental variance (the assumption of homoscedasticity), in reality, genotypes can show heteroscedasticity in the environmental variance. When such variation is heritable (i.e., has an additive variance in an outbred population), then the environmental variance can change under selection. This can either be due to an indirect response (such as during directional selection on a trait), or through direct selection to increase the homogeneity of a trait (such as for increased uniformity during harvesting). This chapter reviews the existing data on the heritability of the environmental variance and examines several different genetic models for predicting its response.
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Walsh, Bruce, and Michael Lynch. Changes in Genetic Variation Induced by Drift. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0011.

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In the absence of the input of new variation, drift eventually removes all of the additive-genetic variance in a population. When nonadditive genetic variance is present, some of this variation can be transiently converted into additive variance, resulting in the latter occasionally increasingly (for a time) under inbreeding. This chapter examines the conditions under which such a conversion can occur, which leads to a discussion of the more complex covariances between inbred relatives, requiring the introduction of several new genetic-variance components to be introduced. It also examines the expected equilibrium levels of additive variance under drift-mutation equilibrium.
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A Beginner's Guide to Generalized Additive Mixed Models with R. New York, USA: Highland Statistics Ltd, 2014.

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Walsh, Bruce, and Michael Lynch. Long-term Response: 2. Finite Population Size and Mutation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0026.

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In a finite population, drift is often more important than selection in removing any initial additive variance. This chapter examines the joint impact of selection, drift, and mutation on the long-term response in a quantitative trait. One key result is the remarkable finding of Robertson that the expected long-term response from any initial additive variance is bounded above by the product of twice the effective population size times the initial response. This result implies that the optimal selection intensity for long-term response it to save half of the population in each generation.
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Book chapters on the topic "Additive variance"

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Singh, Vertika, and Kiran Singh. "Additive Genetic Variance." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_5-1.

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Chudnovsky, D. V., G. V. Chudnovsky, and T. Morgan. "Variance of Signals and Their Finite Fourier Transforms." In Additive Number Theory, 53–76. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-68361-4_4.

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Wolf, K., and P. O. Degens. "Variance Estimation in the Additive Tree Model." In Studies in Classification, Data Analysis, and Knowledge Organization, 262–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76307-6_35.

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Rigby, Robert A., and Mikis D. Stasinopoulos. "Robust Fitting of an Additive Model for Variance Heterogeneity." In Compstat, 263–68. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52463-9_30.

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Greif, Chen, Tyrone Rees, and Daniel B. Szyld. "Additive Schwarz with Variable Weights." In Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering, 779–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05789-7_75.

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Febrero-Bande, Manuel, Wenceslao González-Manteiga, and Manuel Oviedo de la Fuente. "Variable selection in Functional Additive Regression Models." In Contributions to Statistics, 113–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55846-2_15.

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Raoelison, Rija Nirina. "Coeval Cold Spray Additive Manufacturing Variances and Innovative Contributions." In Cold-Spray Coatings, 57–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67183-3_3.

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Fano Yela, Delia, Dan Stowell, and Mark Sandler. "Does k Matter? k-NN Hubness Analysis for Kernel Additive Modelling Vocal Separation." In Latent Variable Analysis and Signal Separation, 280–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93764-9_27.

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Garg, Akhil, Jasmine Siu Lee Lam, and M. M. Savalani. "A New Variant of Genetic Programming in Formulation of Laser Energy Consumption Model of 3D Printing Process." In Handbook of Sustainability in Additive Manufacturing, 31–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0549-7_3.

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Atamtürk, Alper, George L. Nemhauser, and Martin W. P. Savelsbergh. "Valid Inequalities for Problems with Additive Variable Upper Bounds." In Integer Programming and Combinatorial Optimization, 60–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48777-8_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Additive variance"

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Allahyani, Seham, and Paresh Date. "A minimum variance filter for continuous discrete systems with additive-multiplicative noise." In 2016 24th European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eusipco.2016.7760665.

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Notley, Scott V., Yunhui Chen, Peter D. Lee, and George Panoutsos. "Variance Stabilised Optimisation of Neural Networks: A Case Study in Additive Manufacturing." In 2021 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn52387.2021.9533311.

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Yang, Zhibo, Chenjian Ran, and Zili Deng. "Robust measurement fusion Kalman predictors for systems with uncertain-variance multiplicative and additive noises." In 2017 29th Chinese Control And Decision Conference (CCDC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccdc.2017.7978132.

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Ponomarenko, Nikolay N., Vladimir V. Lukin, Sergey K. Abramov, Karen O. Egiazarian, and Jaakko T. Astola. "Blind evaluation of additive noise variance in textured images by nonlinear processing of block DCT coefficients." In Electronic Imaging 2003, edited by Edward R. Dougherty, Jaakko T. Astola, and Karen O. Egiazarian. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.477717.

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Deng, Zili, and Zhibo Yang. "Robust weighted fusion Kalman estimators for systems with uncertain-variance multiplicative and additive noises and missing measurements." In 2017 20th International Conference on Information Fusion (Fusion). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/icif.2017.8009663.

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Kutty, P. P. Rayan, K. Venkatesh, H. R. Nagendra, T. S. Nanjundaswamy, and A. Srinivasa Murthy. "Quality improvement of signals corrupted by additive white noise using Extended Kalman filter with quantile based noise variance estimation." In 2011 3rd International Conference on Electronics Computer Technology (ICECT). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icectech.2011.5941556.

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Wang, Xuemei, and Zili Deng. "Multi-model robust weighted fusion steady-state Kalman estimators for systems with uncertain-variance multiplicative and additive white noises." In 2017 20th International Conference on Information Fusion (Fusion). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/icif.2017.8009661.

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Uss, Mikhail, Benoit Vozel, Kacem Chehdi, V. V. Lukin, and S. K. Abramo. "The minimum number of scanning windows required for effective maximum likelihood estimation of image texture parameters and additive noise variance." In 2010 International Kharkov Symposium on Physics and Engineering of Microwaves, Millimeter and Submillimeter Waves (MSMW). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/msmw.2010.5546161.

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Nunzi, E., P. Carbone, and P. Tavella. "Fault detection in atomic clock frequency standards affected by mean and variance changes and by an additive periodic component: the GLRT approach." In 2008 IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference - I2MTC 2008. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/imtc.2008.4547297.

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Lall, Pradeep, Amrit Abrol, Nakul Kothari, Ben Leever, and Scott Miller. "Process Capability of Aerosol-Jet Additive Processes for Long-Runs up to 10-Hours." In ASME 2019 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2019-6569.

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Abstract Traditionally, the printed circuit assemblies have been fabricated through a combination of imaging and plating based subtractive processes involving use of photo-exposure followed by baths for plating and etching to form the needed circuitry on rigid and flexible laminates. Additive electronics is finding applications for fabrication of IoT sensors. The emergence of a number of additive technologies poses an opportunity for the development of processes for manufacture of flexible substrates using mainstream additive processes, which are now commercially available. Aerosol-Jet printing has shown the capability for printing lines and spaces below 10 μm in width. The Aerosol-Jet system supports a wide variety of materials, including nanoparticle inks and screen-printing pastes, conductive polymers, insulators, adhesives, and even biological matter. The adoption of additive manufacturing for high-volume commercial fabrication requires an understanding of the print consistency, electrical and mechanical properties. Little literature exists that addresses the effect of varying sintering time and temperature on the shear strength and resistivity of the printed lines. In this study, the effect of process parameters on the resultant line-consistency, mechanical and electrical properties has been studied. Print process parameters studied include the sheath rate, mass flow rate, nozzle size, substrate temperature and chiller temperature. Properties include resistance and shear load to failure of the printed electrical line as a function of varying sintering time and varying sintering temperature. Aerosol-Jet machine has been used to print interconnects. Printed samples have been exposed to different sintering times and temperatures. The resistance and shear load to failure of the printed lines has been measured. The underlying physics of the resultant trend was then investigated using elemental analysis and SEM. The effect of line-consistency driftover prolonged runtimes has been measured for up to 10-hours of runtime. Printing process efficiency has been gauged a function of process capability index (Cpk) and process capability ratio (Cp). Printed samples were studied offline using optical Profilometry to analyze the consistency within the line width, line height, line resistance and shear load to study the variance in the electrical and mechanical properties over time.
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Reports on the topic "Additive variance"

1

Dong, Chaohua, and Oliver Linton. Additive nonparametric models with time variable and both stationary and nonstationary regressions. The IFS, December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.cem.2017.5917.

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Badami, Kaswan, Budi Setiadi Daryono, Achmad Amzeri, and Syaiful Khoiri. COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROTIC STUDIES ON HYBRID MELON (Cucumis melo L.) POPULATIONS FOR FRUIT YIELD AND QUALITY TRAITS. SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/amzeri.2020.3.

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In different crop plants, combining ability and heterosis are used as important diagnostic tools for assessing the performance of parental genotypes and their hybrids. This research aimed to evaluate heterotic and combining ability effects in the diallel crosses of melon (Cucumis melo L.) for yield- and quality-related traits. Seven melon (C. melo L.) genotypes were grown and crossed in a complete diallel fashion to produce F1 hybrids. During the 2019 crop season, 49 melon genotypes (7 parents + 42 F1 hybrids) were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Observations were made for seven characters. Analysis of variance revealed significant (P ≤ 0.01) differences among the melon genotypes for harvest age, fruit flesh thickness, fruit total soluble solids, fruit length, and fruit diameter and merely significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) for fruit weight. Combining ability analysis revealed that mean squares due to general combining ability (GCA) were significant for fruit diameter but were nonsignificant for all other traits. However, mean squares due to specific combining ability (SCA) were significant for all traits. The parental genotypes PK-165, PK-464, and PK-669 exhibited the highest and desirable GCA effects for yield and quality traits. Hence, these genotypes could be used to generate high-yielding hybrid/open-pollinated cultivars. GCA:SCA ratios further revealed that the traits of harvest age, fruit flesh thickness, fruit total soluble solids, fruit length, and fruit weight were controlled by dominant gene action, whereas fruit diameter was managed by additive and dominant genes. The majority of the traits were controlled by nonadditive gene action, verifying that the said breeding material could be efficiently used for the production of hybrid cultivars on the basis of heterotic effects.
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