Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Adenocarcinoma mamário'
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Guido, Bruna Cândido. "Avaliação da atividade antitumoral dos derivados da 3,4-dihidropirimidinona (DHPMs) sobre células do adenocarcinoma mamário humano." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2014. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/16909.
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O câncer é uma doença caracterizada pelo crescimento celular desordenado e por alterações na fisiologia das células. É considerado uma das principais causas de morte em todo o mundo representando uma ameaça de saúde global com consequências econômicas consideráveis. O câncer de mama é o segundo tipo de câncer mais comum no mundo e o mais comum entre as mulheres também sendo o tipo que mais gera óbitos neste gênero. Este fato gera uma grande demanda por novos tratamentos e novas metodologias para enfrentamento da doença que permitam não só uma melhora na qualidade, mas também, um aumento do tempo de vida dos pacientes portadores desse tipo de câncer. Neste cenário, os derivados da dihidropirimidinona (DHPMs) foram identificados como potenciais agentes antitumorais uma vez que eles se ligam de forma específica e reversível à cinesina Eg5 tendo como consequência a disrupção do fuso mitótico e a prevenção da progressão do ciclo celular durante a mitose apresentando notável atividade antitumoral contra diversas linhagens tumorais. Por meio de um screening, in vitro, nós identificamos 5 DHPMs com potente atividade antitumoral contras as linhagens MCF-7 e MDA-MB-231. Dados de dinâmica Molecular e ensaios de inibição in vitro da cinesina Eg5 mostraram que alguns compostos são realmente potentes inibidores desta proteína motora, causando uma importante diminuição em suas funções dependentes da motilidade. Os DPHMs interferem com a correta formação do fuso mitótico durante a divisão celular prejudicando a conclusão do ciclo celular nas células tumorais de mama e mostraram ser seletivos para células tumorais. Além disso, alguns destes compostos possuem uma interessante propriedade de modulação do fenótipo CD44+/CD44-, levando a uma diminuição na população de células-tronco tumorais (CTT) nas células MDA-MB-231, um efeito importante já que as CTTs são resistentes à muitas terapias antitumorais convencionais e desempenham um papel central na iniciação e manutenção do tumor. Estas observações corroboram com os resultados de que as células tratadas com os DHPMs têm capacidade proliferativa e angiogênica prejudicadas e são finalmente conduzidas à morte por apoptose, um dos mais almejados objetivos no desenvolvimento de fármacos. Juntos, estes resultados fornecem a compreensão de como os derivados de DHPM podem eliminar as células tumorais de mama e ainda abrem um horizonte para estudos adicionais destas arquiteturas moleculares como promissores compostos para uso no tratamento do câncer de mama.
Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and severe alterations in cells physiology. It is considered a major cause of death throughout the world representing a threat to global health with considerable economic consequences. The breast cancer is the second most common cancer worldwide and the most common among women also being the type that generates more deaths in this gender. In addressing the need of treatments for this life-threatening illness allowing not only an improvement in quality, but also an increase in the patient’s life expectancy with this cancer, we study 3,4-dihydropryrimidinone derivatives (DHPMs), a class of inhibitor molecules of motor spindle protein Eg5 that shows pronounced antitumor activity against several cancer cell lines. Using an in vitro screening, we identified five DHPMs with potent antitumor effects on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Molecular dynamics and in vitro Eg5 inhibition assays by DHPMs show that some compounds are really effective inhibitors of this motor protein causing an important decreasing in its major mobility-depended functions. DHPM activity interferes with the proper mitotic spindle formation during cell division impairing the correct conclusion of cell cycle of the breast cancer cells and showed to be selective for tumor cells. Moreover, they modulate the CD44+/CD24- phenotype leading to a decrease in the cancer stem cell (CSC) population in MDA-MB-231 cells, an important effect since CSCs are resistant to many conventional cancer therapies and play a pivotal role on initiation and maintenance of a tumor. This observation corroborates with the results that DHPM treated cells showed impaired able of proliferation and angiogenesis and are finally conducted to death by apoptosis, one of the most pursued goal in drug development. Together, our results provide insights into how DHPMs derivatives can eliminate breast tumor cells and also open a possible window for further studies of theses molecular architectures as promising compounds to cancer treatment.
Ferreira, Danyelle Assis. "Nanopartículas magnéticas recobertas com ferritina : toxicidade, biodistribuição e papel no tratamento de adenocarcinoma mamário de EHRLICH." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2018. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/32225.
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Fundação de Apoio a Pesquisa do Distrito Federal (FAPDF) e Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq).
O câncer é definido como um conjunto de doenças caracterizadas por desordens celulares decorrentes de múltiplas alterações genéticas que acarretam desequilíbrio na proliferação e morte celular. O câncer de mama é a causa mais comum de morte por câncer entre as mulheres, representando cerca de 25% do total de neoplasias no mundo. Em geral, as terapias convencionais apresentam pouca seletividade para o tecido tumoral, o que diminui sua eficácia e aumenta os efeitos adversos. Em acordo com a necessidade de novas terapias que superem essas limitações, a nanobiotecnologia vem fornecendo novas formas de diagnóstico e de terapia, entre as quais as que usam nanopartículas magnéticas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um tratamento para o câncer de mama utilizando a magnetohipertermia mediada por uma nova amostra de nanopartículas magnéticas à base de magnetita recobertas com ferritina (NPM-HFn). Testes de toxicidade de NPM-HFn em camundongos Swiss. Testes cometa e do micronúcleo mostraram ausência de citotoxicidade e de genotoxicidade. Análises hematológicas e bioquímicas não apresentaram alterações severas, enquanto a avaliação histopatológica não evidenciou alterações relevantes nos órgãos. Avaliação da biodistribuição da NPM-HFn por ICP-OES e coloração de Perls de tecidos mostraram tendência das NPM a se acumularem principalmente no fígado e baço, às vezes no pulmão e, quando pertinente, no tumor. Testes preliminares da eficácia por meio da análise ex vivo do tumor mostraram que os grupos tratados com a administração endovenosa e intratumoral da NPM-HFn seguida pela exposição ao campo magnético alternado foram eficazes na redução de 89% e 88% do tumor, respectivamente. Entretanto, enquanto o tratamento intratumoral facilitou a ocorrência de metástase, o tratamento endovenoso evitou sua ocorrência. Portanto, com este trabalho, foi possível desenvolver um método bastante eficaz para o tratamento do tumor de mama, utilizando a magnetohipertermia mediada por amostra biocompatível de nanopartículas magnéticas à base de magnetita recobertas com ferritina.
Cancer is defined as a set of diseases characterized by cellular disorders due to genetic multiplicity that lead to an imbalance in cell proliferation and death. Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death among women and represents about 25% of the total number of neoplasms worldwide. Conventional therapies are not completely selective for tumor tissue, which decreases its efficacy and increases adverse effects. New therapies that overcome these limitations are demanded. Accordingly, nanobiotechnology has been providing new diagnosis and therapy platforms, including those using magnetic nanoparticles. The aim of this work was to develop a treatment for breast cancer using magnetohyperthermia mediated by a new sample of magnetic nanoparticles based on ferritin-coated magnetite (NPM-HFn). Toxicity tests using NPM-HFn were performed in Swiss mice. Comet and micronuclei assays showed absence of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity; Hematological and biochemical evaluation did not present severe alterations while the histopathological evaluation indicated no significant changes. Biodistribution studies of NPM-HFn accessed through ICP-OES and Perls staining of tissues showed a tendency to NPMs accumulation in the liver and spleen, sometimes in the lung and in the tumor. To evaluate the efficacy of the treatments preliminary histopathological evaluations of the tumor showed that the group treated with intravenous and intratumoral administration of NPM-HFn followed by exposure to the alternating magnetic field were effective in reducing 89% and 88% of the tumor, respectively. However, while the intratumoral treatment facilitated the occurrence of metastasis, the intravenous treatment prevented its occurrence. Therefore, with this work, it was possible to develop a quite efficacious method for the treatment of breast cancer, using magnetohyperthermia mediated by a biocompatible magnetic sample composed by nanoparticles based on ferritin-coated magnetite.
Brumana, Giselle Xavier Reis. "Efeitos do inibidor de proteases Black-Eyed Pea Trypsin Chymotrypsin Inhibitor (BTCI) na viabilidade e proliferação de células MDA-MB-231 de adenocarcinoma mamário." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/2015.03.D.19715.
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O adenocarcinoma mamário, assim como outras manifestações do câncer, é o fenótipo patológico desencadeado por processos multifatoriais e desenvolvimento multiprocessual, decorrente de alterações do controle de proliferação e crescimento celular. Nesse estudo os efeitos do inibidor de proteases black-eyed pea trypsin chymotrypsin inhibitor (BTCI) foram avaliados na viabilidade e proliferação de células de adenocarcinoma mamário (MDA-MB-231), in vitro, visando caracterizar o BTCI como potencial agente anticarcionogênico nesse tipo de câncer, ensaios de viabilidade celular, avaliações de morte celular e ciclo celular por citometria de fluxo, bem como o estudo da geração de espécies moleculares reativas de oxigênio (EROS). A partir da determinação da Concentração Inibitória (IC50) de BTCI (267,4 µM em 24 horas) a interferência deste inibidor sobre o ciclo celular da linhagem em questão foi avaliada e um aumento do número de células na fase G2 foi observado, assim como a presença de DNA fragmentado. A via de morte das células de adenocarcinoma mamário tratadas com BTCI foi estudada e constatou-se que a média das células que sofreu morte por apoptose foi de 89,4%, valor significativo, sendo p<0,001. Ademais, o processo de oxidação celular via Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio (EROS) foi intensificado em 24h de incubação. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o BTCI causa efeitos citostático e citotóxico nas células analisadas, sendo a principal via de morte celular a apoptose, processo que pode estar associado à oxidação celular através de radicais livres de oxigênio.
The mammary adenocarcinoma as well as other manifestations of cancer, is the pathological phenotype triggered by multifactorial processes and multiprocessual development, due to proliferation and cell growth control changes. In this study the effects of the black-eyed pea trypsin chymotrypsin protease inhibitor (BTCI) were evaluated in breast adenocarcinoma cell (MDA-MB-231) proliferation and feasibility in vitro, in order to characterize the BTCI as a potential anticarcinogenic agent for this type of cancer cell. Thus viability assays, assessments of cell cycle and cell death by flow cytometry, as well as study of the generation of reactive oxygen molecular species (ROS) were performed. Upon determining the inhibitory concentration (IC50) of BTCI (267.4 uM in 24 hours) the interference of the inhibitor on cell cycle was evaluated and an increased number of cells in the G2 phase was observed, as well as presence of fragmented DNA. The death pathway of mammary adenocarcinoma cells treated with BTCI was studied and it was found that the average of the cells that entered death process by apoptosis was 89.4%, significant value p<0.001. Furthermore, cell oxidation process via Oxigen Reactive Species (ROS) was intensified after 24 hours of incubation. The results indicate that BTCI has cytostatic and cytotoxic effects on the analyzed cells. The main pathway of cell death was apoptosis, a process that may be associated with cellular oxidation by oxygen free radicals.
Silva, Renata Carvalho. "Fototoxicidade de nanoemulsão de extrato de crajiru (Arrabidaea chica) em linhagem de células de adenocarcinoma mamário murino (4T1)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2013. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/15126.
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A terapia fotodinâmica (TFD) é uma terapia alternativa a cura de diversas doenças, entre elas o câncer. Um novo conjunto de fármacos fotossensibilizantes (FS) de origem natural oriunda de extratos e óleos vegetais tem sido testado na terapia contra o câncer. Porém, a maioria desses fármacos FS apresentam alguns entraves para uso clínico e nesse contexto, as nanoemulsões poliméricas, sistemas cineticamente estáveis, apresentam diversas potencialidades como sistemas carreadores de fármacos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar e avaliar as possíveis propriedades fotoquímicas e fotofísicas do extrato clorofórmico de partes aéreas de crajiru (Arrabidaea chica) livre (ECr) e incorporado em nanoemulsão polimérica (NanoECr) e testar os efeitos da nanoemulsão na TFD contra células de adenocarcinoma mamário murino (4T1) in vitro. Por análises no espectrofotômetro, tanto o ECr quanto a NanoECr apresentaram absorbância em comprimento de onda de 670 nm e fluorescência em 690 nm e apresentaram produção de espécies reativas de oxigênio pelo teste de decaimento da absorbância do benzofurano, características fundamentais para serem considerados fármacos úteis em TFD. Pela técnica de espalhamento dinâmico da luz, a NanoECr apresentou diâmetro hidrodinâmico médio de 370,5 ± 264,31 nm, PdI de 0,133 ± 0,01 e carga de superfície de – 36,1 ± 0,15 mV, características que predizem que a formulação é estável. Nas microscopias eletrônicas de transmissão (MET) e varredura (MEV), as NanoECr apresentaram morfologia esférica e superfície rugosa com diâmetros médios de 374 ± 117 nm (MET) e 367 ± 69 nm (MEV antes da metalização) e 488 ± 70 nm (após metalização), sendo a MEV sem metalização o protocolo adequado para caracterização morfométrica dessas nanoestruturas. Após incubação da linhagem celular 4T1 com a NanoECr em várias concentrações na ausência de irradiação, foi determinada, por MTT, a concentração não tóxica (54 µg/mL) e em seguida, por espectrofotômetro e microscopia confocal o tempo máximo de interação da NanoECr com a linhagem 4T1 (15 minutos). Associando 54 µg/mL de NanoECr, por 15 min com irradiação com laser de comprimento de onda de 670 nm, morte celular ocorreu quando as células foram 2 2irradiadas com doses de energia variando entre 8,57 J/cm a 85,7 J/cm, e apenas na 2dose de energia de 85,7 J/cm (maior dose de energia utilizada no experimento) ocorreu 100% de morte celular. Na avaliação do tipo de morte celular, as células 2irradiadas em doses de energia de 25,7 J/cm apresentaram morte por apoptose, visualizada em microscopia confocal pela intensa marcação em laranja de corpos apoptóticos (laranja de acridina) e pela visualização de blebs e danos a mitocôndrias e 2retículo endoplasmático observados em MET. Já na dose de 85,7 J/cm, a necrose foi o tipo de celular ocorrido, observado pela intensa marcação do citoplasma das células em vermelho (brometo de etídeo) em microscopia confocal e por danos a membrana plasmática com extravasamento de conteúdo celular e presença de vacúolos no interior das células observadas em MET. Concluiu-se que o extrato clorofórmico de partes aéreas do crajiru incorporado em nanoemulsões poliméricas de PVM/MA é uma potencial formulação fotossensibilizante para uso em TFD. Além disso, as características desta preparação oferecem a perspectiva de que esta possa ser utilizada como um fotossensibilizante de 3ª geração na TFD. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an alternative therapy to cure a lot of diseases, including cancer. A new set of photosensitizing (PS) drugs arising from natural plants, as vegetable oils and extracts have been tested in cancer therapy. However, most of these PS drugs present some difficulties for clinical use and in this context, polymeric nanoemulsions, kinetically stable systems, have several potential as drug carrier systems. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate possible photochemical and photophysical properties of the chloroform extract of aerial parts of crajiru (Arrabidaea chica) free (ECR ) and incorporated in polymeric nanoemulsion (NanoECr) and test the effects of this nanoemulsion in PDT against murine mammary adenocarcinoma cells ( 4T1 ) in vitro. By spectrophotometer analysis in both the ECr and NanoECr showed absorbance at a wavelength of 670 nm and fluorescence at 690 nm and production of reactive oxygen species by the decay of the absorbance of the test benzofuran, key features to be considered useful drugs in PDT. At the technique of dynamic light scattering, the NanoECr had an average hydrodynamic diameter of 370.5 ± 264.31 nm , PdI of 0.133 ± 0.01 and surface charge of - 36.1 ± 0.15 mV , characteristics that predict the formulation is stable. At transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the NanoECr showed spherical morphology and a rough surface with an average diameter of 374 ± 117 nm (TEM), 367 ± 69 nm (SEM before etallization) and 488 ± 70 nm (SEM after metallization). The SEM without metallization was the most suitable protocol for morphometric characterization of these nanostructures. After incubation of 4T1 cell line with various NanoECr concentrations in the absence of irradiation, non-toxic concentration (54 µg/mL) was determined by MTT and then by confocal microscopy and spectrophotometer the maximum time of interaction between NanoECr and 4T1 line (15 minutes) was also determined. Associating 54 µg/mL of NanoECr for 15 min and irradiating the cells with a laser of 670 nm wavelength, cell death occurred when 2 2the cells were irradiated with energy ranging from 8.57 J/cm to 85.7 J/cm and only on 2the energy dose of 85.7 J/cm (higher dose of energy used in the experiment) occurred 100 % of cell death. Evaluating the type of cell death, cells irradiated at a energy dose 2of 25.7 J/cm had death by apoptosis, visualized by intense cytoplasmic stainning of the apoptotic bodies with acridine orange in confocal microscopy and a visualization of blebs and mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum damage observed in TEM. At a 2,energy dose of 85.7 J/cm necrosis was the type of cellular occurred noted by intense staining of cells cytoplasm in red (ethidium bromide) in confocal microscopy and cell membrane damage with leakage of cellular contents and presence of vacuoles inside the cells observed in TEM. We can conclude that the chloroform extract of the aerial parts of crajiru incorporated in polymeric nanoemulsions is a potential photosensitizer formulation for use in PDT. Furthermore, the characteristics of this formulation offer the prospect that it can be used as a 3rd generation photosensitizer in PDT.
Miranda, Juliana Xavier de. "Efeitos do tratamento com selênio no crescimento e marcas epigenéticas de células de adenocarcinoma mamário humano MCF-7." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9132/tde-11032013-090654/.
Full textBreast cancer is a global public health problem and the most frequent cause of cancer death among women. The identification of agents able to modulate epigenetic marks, such as global DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications, comprises promising alternative for establishing control strategies on mammary carcinogenesis. Among the nutrients, the essential trace element selenium (Se) can be highlighted as a dietary agent with potential anti-breast cancer and could act by modulating epigenetic processes. However its mechanisms of action are poorly understood. This study aimed, therefore, to identify the effects of selenium treatment on growth and epigenetic marks of MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma cells. MCF-7 cells, positive for estrogen receptor, were treated with methylseleninic acid (MSA) or sodium selenite (ST) for different times and in different concentrations. Evaluated parameters included: cell proliferation (crystal violet assay) and cell viability (trypan blue exclusion assay); plasma membrane integrity (flow cytometry); levels of DNA fragmentation (flow cytometry), apoptosis (flow cytometry - double labeling with Annexin V - propidium iodide); distribution of cell cycle phases (flow cytometry); acetylated (H3K9ac) and trimethylated (H3K9me3) lysine 9 levels on histone H3; acetylated (H4K16ac) lysine 16 level on histone H4 (Western blot); global DNA methylation (HPLC-DAD); tumor suppressor gene expression (RASSF1a; qPCR) and promoter methylation (RASSF1a, RARβ; MS-PCR); DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) expression (Western blot). Compared to untreated cells (controls), both MSA and ST inhibited (p< 0.05) MCF-7 cell proliferation and viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Treatments with MSA favored cell death by apoptosis, that was associated with increased (p< 0.05) DNA fragmentation level, reduced plasma membrane rupture associated with high (p< 0.05) phosphatidylserine exposure. On the other hand, ST increased (p< 0.05) DNA fragmentation, enhanced (p< 0.05) propidium iodide positivity associated to necrosis induction (p< 0,05). Both chemical forms of Se induced nduced cell cycle arrest, increasing (p< 0.05) the proportion of cells in G2/M phase and reducing (p< 0.05) the proportion of those in G0/G1 and S phases. Among the epigenetic mechanisms investigated, 1.6µM and 2µM of MSA reduced acetylation of H3K9ac (72h, p< 0.05) and increased the H4K16ac (96h, p< 0.05). The treatment for 96h with 2µM of MSA reduced (p< 0.05) the H3K9me3 methylation. Neither MSA nor ST altered (p> 0.05) global DNA methylation, while both compounds reduced (p< 0.05) DNMT1 protein expression, after 96h with 2µM of MSA (p< 0.001; 88%) and after 120h with 10µm of ST (p< 0.001; 94%). ST, but not MSA, increased (p< 0.05; 45%) RASSF1a gene expression. In control and Se-treated cells promoter regions of RASSF1a and RARβ were predominantly methylated. These results provide evidence that the anti-breast cancer actions of selenium compounds depend on its chemical form. Additionally, modulation of epigenetic processes seems to represent a relevant feature of MSA inhibitory effects in breast cancer cells.
Andrade, Fábia de Oliveira. "Efeitos da associação entre vitamina A e ácido butírico em células de adenocarcinoma mamário humano da linhagem MCF-7." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9132/tde-15072011-103734/.
Full textBreast cancer is the leading cause of deaths among women diagnosed with neoplasia worldwide. Nutrients such as vitamin A (VA) and butyric acid (BA) may modulate carcinogenesis through epigenetic mechanisms, such as histone acetylation and DNA methylation. The combination of DNA demethylating agents and histone deacetylase inhibitors represent a promising strategy for cancer control, including breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of administration of vitamin A and butyric acid, isolated or combined, on MCF-7 human breast adenocarcinoma cell line. For this, the following parameters were evaluated in MCF-7 cells treated for different periods with VA (10 µM) and/or BA (1 mM): cell growth, histone acetylation status, global DNA methylation pattern, RARβ and CRBP-I gene expression, RARβ promoter methylation status, and cellular concentration of retinoids. Compared to controls, represented by untreated MCF-7 cells, treatment with VA and BA combined, but not isolated, significantly (p<0.05) inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells after 120hs. In this case, 10%, 34% and 46% growth inhibitions were observed after treatment with VA, BA and VA+BA, respectively. Compared to controls, BA and its association with VA, but not VA isolated, increased (p<0.05) acetylation level of H3K9, but not of H4K16, after 96hs; no differences were observed between treatments with BA and VA+BA. VA and BA, isolated or combined, did not alter (p>0.05) global DNA methylation pattern and CRBP-I gene expression, compared to controls. BA and its association with VA, but not VA isolated, increased RARβ gene expression after 120hs, compared to controls; no differences were observed between treatments with BA and VA+BA. MCF-7 cells, treated or not with VA and BA, isolated or combined, presented RARβ promoter predominantly methylated and undetectable levels of retinyl palmitate. Compared to controls, only treatment with VA isolated increased (p<0.05) cellular retinol concentration after 120hs. Based on these data, association between VA and BA resulted in additive inhibitory effect on MCF-7 cell growth. Acetylation of H3K9, but not of H4K16, seems to represent a BA epigenetic target. Increased expression of tumor suppressor gene RARβ seems to be involved in BA inhibitory action on MCF-7 cell growth. Neither CRBP-I gene nor global DNA methylation seem to be involved in VA and/or BA inhibitory actions on MCF-7 cell growth. Lack of retinol esterification in MCF-7 cells treated or not with VA and BA, isolated or combined, could be related to reduced CRBP-I gene expression.
Marques, Lilian Areal. "Avaliação dos efeitos do monastrol em linhagens celulares humanas de adenocarcinoma de mama (MCF-7) e epitélio mamário (HB4a)." Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Instituto Agronômico do Paraná, EMBRAPA. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, 2015. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000204148.
Full textBreast cancer is the cancer that affects more women around the world and that is the highest mortality rates in this group. Most current anticancer drugs do not exhibit selectivity, and therefore affect both the tumor cells and healthy ones. Thus, the search for new anticancer drugs is of great interest. The monastrol is a synthetic molecule that acts as an allosteric inhibitor of the mitotic kinesin Eg5. Studies show that this kinesin is overexpressed in tumor cells when compared to normal cells. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the antiproliferative effect of monastrol in human tumor cell breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and non-tumor breast epithelium (HB4a). MCF-7 and HB4a cells were exposed to monastrol in concentrations of 5, 25, 50, 75 and 100 µM for the cytotoxicity assay (MTT assay) and cell proliferation (Real-Time Cell Analyzer); and at concentrations of 25 and 50 µM for the other tests. In flow cytometry are assessed dynamics of the cell cycle (propidium iodide) and induction of apoptosis (Annexin V), as well as for morphological analysis obtaining mitotic and apoptotic index by staining with Hoechst 33342. The mRNA levels of cell cycle gene (P53, EG5, CCNA2, CCNB1, CCND1, CCNE1, CDC25A, CDC25C, CDKN1A, CDKN1B and CDKN1C), the damage indicator (GADD45A) and apoptosis (BAX, BAK, BCL2 and BCLXL) were verified by RT-qPCR. In the cytotoxicity assay, monastrol reduced viability only in MCF-7 tumor, compared to the control, from the concentration of 50 uM. In real-time cell analyzer was also a decrease in the proliferation of MCF-7 cells, while the HB4a curve showed no change in growth kinetics. Monastrol does not induce cell death by apoptosis in any of the cell lines. In the analysis of the cell cycle, monastrol (50 µM) increased the population of MCF-7 cells in G1 and G2 / M with a concomitant decrease in S, whereas the cell line HB4a an increase of the G2 / M population and decrease of the G1. Both cells showed increases in mitotic index levels. The gene expression analysis showed that monastrol increased 5 fold the levels of mRNA CDKN1A gene in MCF-7 cells and reduced the mRNA levels CDKN1C in lineage HB4a by 2-fold. These results suggest that monastrol has higher cytotoxicity on MCF-7 tumor cells compared to non-tumor cells HB4a., making it possible anticancer chemotherapy.
Moretto, Fernanda Cristina Fontes [UNESP]. "Ação extra-nuclear do hormônio triiodotironina (T3) na expressão gênica de HIF-1α e TGFα em linhagem celular de adenocarcinoma mamário." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/131858.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Na literatura é demonstrado que altos níveis de expressão de HIF-1α no CM humano estão relacionados à carcinogênese mamária e modificações moleculares decorrentes do processo de vascularização tumoral. Em trabalhos prévios do nosso grupo, demonstramos que a expressão de TGFα encontra-se aumentada nos tratamentos com T3, no entanto essa expressão não ocorre em modelos celulares que não apresentem o receptor de estrógeno ou quando as células são concomitantemente tratadas com antiestrogênio Tamoxifen. O objetivo do presente estudo é determinar a ação do hormônio T3 via extra-nuclear para a expressão dos genes HIF-1α e TGFα em linhagem celular de adenocarcinoma de mama MCF-7. A linhagem celular foi submetida ao tratamento com 10-8M de T3 nos tempos de 10', 30', 1h e 4h, na presença ou ausência dos inibidores Fulvestrant - inibidor de ER, Actinomicina D - inibidor da expressão gênica, Ciclohexamida - inibidor da síntese protéica, e LY294002 - inibidor da via PI3K. O mRNA de HIF-1α e TGFα foi analisado pela técnica de RT-PCR. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizado ANOVA complementado com teste de Tukey e adotado significância mínima de 5%. O presente trabalho confirma que a expressão gênica de HIF-1α e TGFα estão aumentadas na presença T3 nas células MCF-7 e em todos os tempos estudados. Ocorreu uma diminuição na expressão gênica de HIF-1α quando T3 está associado ao inibidor da transcrição gênica, no entanto para o gene TGFα a expressão gênica foi diminuída no tempo de 10', porém, o contrário foi observado a partir de 30' onde não houve diferença estatística com a inibição da transcrição gênica. Além disso, podemos sugerir que a ação de T3 sobre a expressão desses genes ocorre de forma indireta. A ativação da via PI3K pelo T3 é necessária para a modulação desses genes na linhagem estudada
In the literature it has been demonstrated that high levels of expression of HIF-1α in human BC are related to mammary carcinogenesis and molecular changes resulting from the tumor vascularization process. In previous work from our group, we showed that the TGFα expression is increased upon treatments with T3, but this increase does not occur in cellular models devoid of the estrogen receptor or when the cells are concomitantly treated with the antiestrogen compound Tamoxifen. The objective of this study is to determine the extranuclear action of T3 hormone on HIF-1α and TGFα expression in MCF7 breast adenocarcinoma cell line. The cells were subjected to treatment with 10-8M T3 for 10', 30', 1h and 4h in the presence or absence of inhibitors Fulvestrant- ER inhibitor-, Actinomycin D - gene expression inhibitor -, cyclohexamide - protein synthesis inhibitor-, and LY294002 - PI3K inhibitor. The HIF-1α and TGFα mRNA expressions were analyzed by RT-PCR. For data analysis we used ANOVA complemented with Tukey test and adopted minimum 5% significance. The present study confirms that the gene expressions of HIF-1α and TGFα are increased in the presence of T3 in MCF-7 cells at all times studied. T3 represses HIF-1α at all time points assessed after inhibition of transcription, though for TGFα this effect was observed only at 10', after what no significant difference in its expression was detected, with inhibition of transcription. Furthermore, we suggest that the action of T3 on the expression of these genes occurs indirectly and occurs through activation of PI3K pathway, in the cell line studied
Moretto, Fernanda Cristina Fontes. "Ação extra-nuclear do hormônio triiodotironina (T3) na expressão gênica de HIF-1α e TGFα em linhagem celular de adenocarcinoma mamário /." Botucatu, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/131858.
Full textCoorientador: Maria Teresa De Sibio
Banca: Patrícia Pinto Saraiva
Banca: Maria Isabel Chiamolera
Resumo: Na literatura é demonstrado que altos níveis de expressão de HIF-1α no CM humano estão relacionados à carcinogênese mamária e modificações moleculares decorrentes do processo de vascularização tumoral. Em trabalhos prévios do nosso grupo, demonstramos que a expressão de TGFα encontra-se aumentada nos tratamentos com T3, no entanto essa expressão não ocorre em modelos celulares que não apresentem o receptor de estrógeno ou quando as células são concomitantemente tratadas com antiestrogênio Tamoxifen. O objetivo do presente estudo é determinar a ação do hormônio T3 via extra-nuclear para a expressão dos genes HIF-1α e TGFα em linhagem celular de adenocarcinoma de mama MCF-7. A linhagem celular foi submetida ao tratamento com 10-8M de T3 nos tempos de 10', 30', 1h e 4h, na presença ou ausência dos inibidores Fulvestrant - inibidor de ER, Actinomicina D - inibidor da expressão gênica, Ciclohexamida - inibidor da síntese protéica, e LY294002 - inibidor da via PI3K. O mRNA de HIF-1α e TGFα foi analisado pela técnica de RT-PCR. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizado ANOVA complementado com teste de Tukey e adotado significância mínima de 5%. O presente trabalho confirma que a expressão gênica de HIF-1α e TGFα estão aumentadas na presença T3 nas células MCF-7 e em todos os tempos estudados. Ocorreu uma diminuição na expressão gênica de HIF-1α quando T3 está associado ao inibidor da transcrição gênica, no entanto para o gene TGFα a expressão gênica foi diminuída no tempo de 10', porém, o contrário foi observado a partir de 30' onde não houve diferença estatística com a inibição da transcrição gênica. Além disso, podemos sugerir que a ação de T3 sobre a expressão desses genes ocorre de forma indireta. A ativação da via PI3K pelo T3 é necessária para a modulação desses genes na linhagem estudada
Abstract: In the literature it has been demonstrated that high levels of expression of HIF-1α in human BC are related to mammary carcinogenesis and molecular changes resulting from the tumor vascularization process. In previous work from our group, we showed that the TGFα expression is increased upon treatments with T3, but this increase does not occur in cellular models devoid of the estrogen receptor or when the cells are concomitantly treated with the antiestrogen compound Tamoxifen. The objective of this study is to determine the extranuclear action of T3 hormone on HIF-1α and TGFα expression in MCF7 breast adenocarcinoma cell line. The cells were subjected to treatment with 10-8M T3 for 10', 30', 1h and 4h in the presence or absence of inhibitors Fulvestrant- ER inhibitor-, Actinomycin D - gene expression inhibitor -, cyclohexamide - protein synthesis inhibitor-, and LY294002 - PI3K inhibitor. The HIF-1α and TGFα mRNA expressions were analyzed by RT-PCR. For data analysis we used ANOVA complemented with Tukey test and adopted minimum 5% significance. The present study confirms that the gene expressions of HIF-1α and TGFα are increased in the presence of T3 in MCF-7 cells at all times studied. T3 represses HIF-1α at all time points assessed after inhibition of transcription, though for TGFα this effect was observed only at 10', after what no significant difference in its expression was detected, with inhibition of transcription. Furthermore, we suggest that the action of T3 on the expression of these genes occurs indirectly and occurs through activation of PI3K pathway, in the cell line studied
Mestre
Sousa, Cesar Romero Soares. "Nanopartículas magnéticas recobertas com citrato e nanocápsulas contendo selol no tratamento do adenocarcinoma mamário de ehrlich ortotópico em camundongo swiss." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/2015.12.T.19631.
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O câncer de mama continua a ser a causa mais comum de morte por câncer entre as mulheres em todo o mundo, independentemente do surgimento e evolução de novas abordagens terapêuticas. Assim, para entender os mecanismos fundamentais por trás da malignidade e também contribuir para a descoberta de métodos melhorados para a prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento, os modelos de câncer em animais continuam a ser essenciais. Este trabalho teve como foco avaliar alguns destes parâmetros do câncer de mama e foi desenvolvido em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa, o objetivo foi estabelecer um modelo ortotópico ideal de câncer de mama em camundongos Swiss, com caracterização anatômica e por microtomografia computadorizada (MCT), investigação histopatológica de acometimentos de micrometástases, mapeamento linfático e expressão de interleucinas (IL). Como resultado, foi possível observar tumor detectável 24 horas após inoculação de células frescas de tumor de Ehrlich (TE) e, após 7 dias de inoculação, invasão mamária, linfática, muscular e vascular dérmica, além de micrometástases em tecido adiposo mamário, linfonodo sentinela (LNS) e linfonodos contralaterais. Níveis de citocinas pro-inflamatórias Th1 (IL-1β e IL-17) foram significativamente mais elevados do que níveis de citocina anti-inflamatória Th2 (IL-4) após a inoculação de células tumorais frescas em camundongos Swiss. Diferentemente, células tumorais congeladas induziram o desenvolvimento do tumor apenas 14 dias após a inoculação, apresentando também expressão de interleucinas distintas. Na segunda etapa do trabalho, o objetivo foi usar esse modelo ortotópico desenvolvido para testar uma nova abordagem terapêutica, usando duas terapias combinadas, magnetohipertermia (MHT) e quimioterapia antioxidante, ambas baseadas em materiais nanoestruturados. Para tal, 1 × 106 células tumorais frescas de Ehrlich (100 µL) foram inoculadas na quinta glândula mamária direita. Após 24 horas e com o tumor já implantado (200 mm2), procedeu-se com os seguintes tratamentos por via intratumoral: (1) inoculação de 110 µL de nanopartículas magnéticas recobertas com citrato (NPcit) na concentração de 18 × 1018 partículas/mL, seguida por MHT, realizada em equipamento operando a 1 MHz e 40 Oe de amplitude de campo; (2) inoculação de 100 µL de nanocápsulas de PLGA (ácido poli láctico-co-glicólico) contendo 10 mg/mL de Selol 5%, Nanocápsula de Selol (NPsel); e (3) terapia combinada com MHT e NPsel. O controle negativo (CN), animais saudáveis, recebeu 100 µL de solução salina via intraperitoneal (Ip), o controle positivo recebeu Paclitaxel (16 mg/Kg) em uma única injeção intraperitoneal (50 µL) 24 horas após a inoculação do tumor, e o controle tumor não recebeu nenhum tratamento. Para avaliar a eficácia dos tratamentos em conter o crescimento tumoral, foram avaliados volume e peso tumorais, além de avaliações histopatológicas da mama inoculada, mama contralateral, LNS e linfonodo contralateral (LNCL). Para avaliar a possível toxicidade dos tratamentos, utilizou-se, além da avaliação clínica dos animais e índice de sobrevida, análises hematológicas, bioquímicas, histopatológicas de órgãos, de ciclo celular e de fragmentação de DNA (ácido desoxirribonucleico). Os tratamentos com NPsel e MHT+NPsel foram eficazes em normalizar as alterações do eritrograma promovidas pelo tumor. Isto provavelmente foi decorrente não só da ação antioxidante do Selol, mas também de sua ação antitumorigênica; esta última, particularmente quando associada ao tratamento com magnetohipertermia. Apesar de os tratamentos com MHT ou NPsel terem reduzido significativamente a percentagem de fragmentação do DNA em relação aos controles negativo e tumor, enquanto para o tratamento combinado MHT+NPsel tal redução foi apenas em relação ao controle negativo, este último tratamento foi mais eficiente em reduzir o volume tumoral. Por meio dos resultados bioquímicos identificou-se ausência de toxicidade dos tratamentos para os órgãos avaliados, corroborando os resultados histopatológicos. Concluindo, o presente estudo evidenciou que o transplante ortotópico forneceu um microambiente crítico para interações celulares envolvidas no desenvolvimento do câncer e metástase subsequente, e proporcionou suporte anatômico para a compreensão do processo de disseminação linfática de células cancerosas. Também demonstrou que, após a terapia proposta, 100% dos animais ficaram livres de metástase na rede linfonodal e órgãos. Tendo em vista que o Selol possui uma importante atividade antitumoral, este composto conjugado a nanopartículas (NPsel), principalmente quando associado à magnetohipertermia (MHT+NPsel), torna-se uma potencial forma de tratamento para o câncer.
Breast cancer remains the most common cause of cancer deaths among women worldwide, regardless of the emergence and evolution of new therapeutic approaches. Thus, to understand the fundamental mechanisms behind malignancy and also contribute to the discovery of improved methods for prevention, diagnosis and treatment, animal cancer models remain essential. This work focused on breast cancer and was developed in two stages. In the first stage, the objective was to establish an ideal orthotopic model of breast cancer in Swiss mice, with anatomic characterization and computed microtomography (CMT), histopathological research for involvement of micrometástases, lymphatic mapping and interleukin expression. In terms of results, a detectable tumor was observed 24 hours after inoculation of fresh cells of Ehrlich tumor and, after 7 days of incubation, breast, lymphatic, muscular and vascular dermal invasion was seen, as well as micrometastasis in breast adipose tissue, sentinel lymph node (SLN) and contralateral lymph nodes. Levels of pro-inflammatory Th1 cytokines (IL-IL1β and 17) were significantly higher than levels of anti-inflammatory Th2 cytokine (IL-4) after inoculation of fresh tumor cells. In contrast, frozen tumor cells induced tumor development only 14 days after the inoculation, while presenting expression of distinct interleukins. In the second stage of this work, the goal was to use this orthotopic model to test a new therapeutic approach, using two combination therapies, magnetohyperthermia (MHT) and antioxidant chemotherapy, both based on nanostructured materials. For this, 1.6 × 106 fresh Ehrlich tumor cells (100 µL) were inoculated in the right fifth mammary gland. After 24 hours and with tumor already implanted, the treatments proceeded via intratumoral: (1) inoculation of 110 µL of magnetic nanoparticles coated with citrate (NPcit) at a concentration of 18 × 1018 partículas/mL, followed by MHT, carrie out in equipment operating at 1 MHz and 40 Oe field amplitude; (2) inoculation of 100 µL nanocapsules PLGA containing 10 mg / ml Selol 5% (NPsel); 3) combination therapy with MHT+NPsel. Negative control (healthy animals) received 100 µL saline intraperitoneally; the positive control received Paclitaxel (16 mg / kg) in a single intraperitoneal injection (50 µL) 24 hours after the tumor inoculation; and tumor control received no treatment. To evaluate the efficacy of the treatments in containing tumor growth, the tumor weight and volume were assessed, and histopathological evaluations were made of the inoculated breast cancer, contralateral breast, SLN and contralateral lymph node. To evaluate the possible toxicity of treatments, in addition to the clinical evaluation of the animals and survival rate, a hematological, biochemical and histological analysis was performed for organs, cell cycle and DNA fragmentation. Treatments with NPsel and MHT+NPsel were effective in normalizing the erythrogram changes introduced by the tumor. This was probably due not only to the antioxidant action of Selol, but also its antitumorigenic action, particularly when associated with magnetohyperthermia. Treatments with MHT and NPsel significantly reduced the percentage of DNA fragmentation compared to negative and tumor controls, while for the combined MHT+NPsel treatment the reduction was only noticeable when compared to the negative control. However, the latter treatment was more effective in reducing tumor volume. Biochemical results suggested absence of toxicity of the treatments for the evaluated organs, confirming the histopathological findings. In conclusion, this study showed that orthotopic transplantation provided a critical microenvironment for cellular interactions involved in cancer development and subsequent metastasis, and provided anatomic support for the understanding of the process of lymphatic dissemination of cancer cells. It also demonstrated that after the proposed therapy, 100% of the animals were free of metastasis in lymph node and organ network. Considering that Selol has a significant antitumor activity, this compound conjugated to nanoparticles (NPsel), especially when associated with magnetohyperthermia (MHT+NPsel), has become a potential form of treatment for cancer.
SARTO, Luís Eduardo. "Síntese e caracterização de complexos de paládio (ll) com iminas: aspectos e estruturais e atividade citotóxica em adenocarcinoma mamário humano." Universidade Federal de Alfenas, 2014. https://bdtd.unifal-mg.edu.br:8443/handle/tede/382.
Full textThis work presents the synthesis, structural characterization and verification of anticarcinogenic activity of five new mononuclear complexes of palladium(II) from the ligand N,N’-Bis[4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene]-ethane-1,2-diamine (p-diben). The ligand is reacted with one-pot synthesized Li2[PdCl4] to give compound [PdCl2(p-diben)]. The chlorides of this compound were substituted regiospecifically by pseudohalides and halides, by reaction with NaN3, KNCO, KBr e and KI forming the compounds [Pd(N3)2(p-diben)], [Pd(NCO)2(p-diben)], [PdBr2(p-diben)] and [PdI2(p-diben)], respectively. All compounds were characterized by infrared vibrational and UV-Vis electronic spectroscopies, elemental analysis, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance, thermal analysis and, only to compound [Pd(N3)2(p-diben)], single crystal X-ray diffraction. The results indicate the formation of the N,N-chelated products, where palladium(II) binds by imines nitrogen. Furthermore, coordination causes a decrease in the double bond character of C=N, facilitating rotation to minimize the steric hindrance. This effect is referred to as imine E/Z isomerization. All the complexes and ligand p-diben were tested for DNA interaction and modification of cell morphology of human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells. It was found that the free ligand did not show significant effect on the mentioned cells and showed results for the DNA interaction comparable to the negative control. The synthesized complexes showed cytotoxic potential across the MCF-7 cells. Compounds [PdCl2(p-diben)] and [Pd(NCO)2(p-diben)] showed qualitative cytotoxicity greater than that of cisplatin. For DNA interaction, the compound [Pd(NCO)2(p-diben)] stood out, indicating that a possible action mechanism of this compound is direct DNA binding.
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais - FAPEMIG
Vilela, Lízia Colares [UNESP]. "Atividade das ciclooxigenases e síntese de prostaglandina E2 em linhagens de adenocarcinoma mamário humano e em células do tumor ascítico de Ehrlich." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104588.
Full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Not available.
Vilela, Lízia Colares. "Atividade das ciclooxigenases e síntese de prostaglandina E2 em linhagens de adenocarcinoma mamário humano e em células do tumor ascítico de Ehrlich /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104588.
Full textBanca: Dulce H. Constantino
Banca: Roberto M. Fernandez
Banca: Lúcia H. Faccioli
Banca: Angela M. V. C. Soares
Resumo: Não disponível.
Abstract: Not available.
Doutor
Marinello, Poliana Camila. "Participação do estresse oxidativo no mecanismo de ação da metformina na citotoxicidade e nos processos de indução experimental de resistência à quimioterapia com doxorrubicina em células de adenocarcinoma mamário humano." Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Experimental, 2015. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000202233.
Full textBreast cancer is the second type of the most frequent neoplasia among women worldwide. Metformin is a safe and effective anti-hyperglycemic drug widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In the last years, its use has been associated with a lower cancer incidence and, for these reasons, their effects on breast cancer cells proliferation and in the sensitization of these cells to treatment have been investigated. Current research demonstrated that metformin reduces proliferation of breast cancer cells and sensitize multidrug resistance cells. However, the metformin mechanisms of action has not yet been fully elucidated, and its interference with the process of chemoresistance induction has never been described. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the involvement of oxidative stress (OS) in the mechanism of metformin cytotoxicity in human mammary adenocarcinoma cells positive for hormone receptors and triple negative, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, respectively, and investigate the metformin effects in the process of experimental doxorubicin resistance induction. For the analysis of the participation of OS in the mechanisms of drug cytotoxicity, it was evaluated the cell death pattern, the presence of oxidative DNA lesions, oxidative stress parameters and the drug effect on some important signaling proteins involved in the control of cell growth and proliferation, such as ERK1/2, AKT, TGF - β1 and p53. Four different concentrations of metformin were used: two clinically relevant, corresponding to plasmatic concentrations found in patients after diabetes treatment (6 e 30 μM), and two experimental (1000 and 5000 μM). For the investigation of metformin participation in the process of chemoresistance induction, the cells were exposed to increasing concentrations of the chemotherapic and metformin was associated at different times, simultaneously and through a pretreatment. It was evaluated the cellular oxidative status during the process of chemoresistance induction, the nitric oxide (NO) levels and the drug effects on pathways that could be related to chemoresistance, such as p53, NF-kB, Nrf2 and TGF-β1. Based on the first results (in sensitive cells), we chose a non-cytotoxic metformin concentration (6 μM) to be studied in the model of doxorubicin resistance induction. The results demonstrated that metformin is cytotoxic to tumor cells from clinically relevant concentrations (30 μM) and that this effect occurs by the simultaneous induction of oxidative stress, DNA damage and increase in cytoplasmic TGF-β1. In addition, at higher concentrations, the drug induces apoptosis (1000 and 5000 μM), reduces the ERK1 / 2 and Akt (5000 μM), and increases nuclear p53 (1000 and 5000 μM). In the process of chemoresistance induction, metformin pretreatment prevented the doxorubicin resistance in both cell lines, as well as sensitize MCF-7 cells to chemotherapy. This prevention occurred by the generation of oxidative stress, reduction in the NO levels, increases in nuclear p53 and cytoplasmic TGF-β1, and reduction of nuclear Nrf2. These findings helps to understand the metformin mechanism of action on MCF-7 and in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and suggests that metformin treatment could exert a beneficial role in the prevention of doxorubicin chemoresistance, highlighting the potential clinical utility of metformin as adjuvant during breast cancer treatment.
Semprebon, Simone Cristine. "Avaliação dos mecanismos antiproliferativos da goniotalamina em linhagens mamárias de adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) e de epitélio não tumoral (HB4A)." Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Instituto Agronômico do Paraná, EMBRAPA. Centro de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, 2015. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000203515.
Full textThe (R)-goniotalamina (R-GNT) is a lactone styryl found in plants of the genre Goniothalamus sp., which has antiproliferative property against several tumor cell lines. The (S)-goniothalamin (S-GNT) is the synthetic enantiomer of R-GNT and their biological properties are poorly understood. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antiproliferative mechanisms of R-GNT and S-GNT for MCF-7 breast cancer cells and epithelial mammary HB4a cells. The potential of goniothalamin to inhibit cell proliferation was assessed by MTT cytotoxicity assay and by the cell growth kinetics analysis (xCELLigence, Real Time Cell Analyzer). The antiproliferative mechanism was investigated by the analysis of the potential of these molecules to induce DNA damage (comet assay), to cause changes in cell cycle dynamics (propidium iodide, flow cytometry) and to induce apoptosis (Annexin V and 7-amino -actinomicina D, flow cytometry). In addition, in order to understand the molecular mechanisms of action of R-GNT, was performed the analysis of relative expression of cell cycle regulatory genes (cyclins, CDKs and CKIs), apoptosis (CASP8 and CASP9) and of responsive gene to genotoxic stress GADD45a. Exposure of both cell lines to concentrations of 1-100 µM of R and S-GNT led to a dose and time-dependent reduction in cell viability and inhibition of cell growth. The natural enantiomer R-GNT was more effective for both cell lines than the S-GNT and caused genotoxicity, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. The cell cycle inhibition caused by R-GNT was mediated by upregulation of CIP/KIP cyclin-kinase inhibitors and GADD45a and by downregulation of cyclins and CDKs. The S-GNT, in turn, was able to cause G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and genotoxicity in MCF-7 cells and apoptosis induction only in HB4a cells. Therefore, the antiproliferative activity of the GNT is related to its potential to induce cell cycle arrest, genotoxicity and apoptosis in mammary cells.
Marchiori, Ana Carolina. "Efeitos do 17-estradiol e da lâmina na regulação da expressão dos genes DDEF2 e PHLDA1 em linhagens de células derivadas de adenocarcinomas de mama MCF-7 e MDA-MB-231." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5155/tde-06052009-165120/.
Full textThe breast cancer is the most common malignant disease and the leading cause of death among women. Its complex etiology involves multiple risk factors, most of them related to the levels of cumulative breast exposure to estrogen. Most of its actions is mediated by binding to its receptor ER and ER that are transcription factors. Another factor that has a tremendous control in cell behavior, regulating the gene transcription and influencing various biological processes, which when altered, is attached to the process of tumorigênese of the breast is the extracellular matrix (ECM). The laminin, one of the main components of the ECM, interacts with the cells through integrins and is related to the malignant phenotype, acting in adhesion, migration, proliferation, differentiation and cell survival. Our group identified several genes diferentialy expressed in breast cancer cells ER + in the presence or absence of a laminin monolayer using the technique DDRT-PCR. Two of the genes identified, DDEF2 and PHLDA1, are associated with adhesion; DDEF2 is involved in the integrins signaling and PHLDA1 is related with apoptosis by loss of adhesion. Our goal was to investigate the effects of 17-estradiol and laminin in regulating the expression of the genes DDEF2 and PHLDA1 in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and later S30 cell lines, using the real time RT-PCR technique. The gene PHLDA1 was induced by E2 via ER in MCF-7 cells and the laminin in S30 cells, and the gene DDEF2 was suppressed by E2 and induced by laminin in S30 cells
Conceição, Carlota José Fernandes da. "Definição do perfil transcricional da sequência de DNA satélite major de Rattus norvegicus num modelo celular tumoral." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/5465.
Full textAs sequências de DNA satélite são sequências repetidas em tandem, presentes em regiões heterocromáticas do genoma como os centrómeros ou os telómeros. Devido à sua localização em regiões de elevada condensação da cromatina, eram tidas como sequências não transcritas, e foram, como tal, consideradas dispensáveis no contexto genómico e celular, sendo adereçadas como “junk” genómico. Contudo, diversas evidências da sua expressão foram recentemente relatadas, tendo-lhes sido atribuídas funcionalidades no contexto celular, algumas das quais associadas com o desenvolvimento e/ou progressão de cancro. A sequência de DNA satélite em foco neste trabalho é a sequência sat I de Rattus norvegicus, e é até ao momento a única sequência deste tipo identificada na referida espécie. Os nossos grandes objetivos foram a avaliação do perfil transcricional, dos mecanismos de regulação e da função da sequência DNA satélite “major” centromérica sat I num modelo celular tumoral de Rattus norvegicus. No presente trabalho, foi feita a análise comparativa da sequência de DNA satélite I de Rattus norvegicus na linha tumoral (CLS-ACI-1) desta espécie e numa linha normal (RNO). Com este trabalho foi conseguida a determinação do perfil transcricional de sat I no modelo em estudo. Verificou-se a ocorrência de expressão da sequência satélite sat I de R. norvegicus em ambos os genomas analisados, embora apresentem níveis diferentes de expressão. A expressão desta sequência parece ser regulada através de alterações epigenéticas, nomeadamente a metilação do DNA. Contudo, este mecanismo epigenético aparenta ser um facilitador, mas não o mecanismo de maior importância na regulação da expressão desta sequência especificamente. Como tal, são de apontar as modificações histónicas também como um possível regulador das mesmas. Os transcritos observados in situ apresentam sinal em “cluster”, com natureza madura e co-localização com a região centromérica. A expressão de sat I não aparenta dependência de ciclo e aponta-se uma possível função na manutenção da heterocromatina. Na análise comparativa do nível de expressão na linha normal e tumoral, foi verificada a diminuição desta em cancro, explicada pelo aumento da percentagem de metilação da sequência de DNA satélite I. A expressão diferencial relatada leva-nos a supor uma possível função de supressor tumoral para sat I (como TERRA, sequência repetitiva telomérica, cuja expressão aparenta estar reduzida em cancro devido a suposta função reguladora negativa da telomerase) e/ou possível dependência do tipo de tecido para a sua transcrição. Pelo ensaio de stresse de “choque térmico”, verifica-se a não dependência do fator HSF 1 para a expressão de sat I, mas sim um mecanismo independente deste fator como a alteração epigenética. Desta forma, este trabalho levou-nos à conclusão que as sequências de DNA satélite apresentam uma regulação altamente controlada e complexa, em que sua compreensão inclui o conhecimento aprofundado e amplo de diversos mecanismos e vias de regulação transcricional.
Satellite DNAs are tandemly repeated sequences that are present in heterochromatic genome regions like the centromeres and telomeres. Resulting from their association with high condensed chromatin regions they were thought as non-transcribed and dispensable sequences in the genomic and cellular context. They were initially called genomic junk, however since that time much evidence has demonstrated their active transcription. To these transcripts were attributed some cellular functionalities, such us the development of cancer. The satellite DNA sequence in focus on this work is the sequence sat I of Rattus norvegicus and it is so far the only sequence of this type identified in this species. Our main goals were to determine the transcriptional profile, regulation mechanism and function of the centromeric major satellite DNA sequence sat I in a cancer cell line model of Rattus norvegicus, having as counterpart the normal genome. In the present work it was made the comparative analysis of the satellite DNA sequence sat I in the normal cell line RNO and tumor cell line CLS-ACI-1 of rat. With this work it was defined the transcriptional profile of sat I in the tumor cell model CLS-ACI-1. We verified the occurrence of expression of sat I in both genomes analyzed, although displaying differences in the expression levels exhibited. The expression of this sequence seems to be regulated by DNA methylation. This epigenetic mechanism appears to be the facilitator, but not the main epigenetic alteration behind the regulation of sat I. Therefore we can hypothesize the histonic modification as one possible regulator of this sequence. The transcripts observed in situ were identified as clusters, mature transcripts, with co-localization with the centromeric region. Sat I expression does not appear to be cycle dependent and we indicate a possible function for this sequence in the maintenance of heterochromatin. On the comparative expression analysis between normal and tumor cell line, it was verified a decrease of transcripts in cancer. This variation is explained by the increase of the methylation status in sat I. The differential expression leads to a possible tumor suppression function for sat I (as TERRA, a telomeric repeat-containing RNA whose expression appears decreased in cancer due to its supposed negative regulation of telomerase) and possible tissue dependent transcription for this satellite sequence. For the heat shock assay, it was verified the non-transcription dependence of HSF1, but a mechanism independent of this factor such as epigenomic mechanisms regulating sat I expression.As such, this work leads us to the conclusion that satellite expression presents a tight and complex regulation. The understanding of satellite DNA expression passes through a profound and ample knowledge of several mechanisms and pathways of transcriptional regulation.