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Academic literature on the topic 'ADF/cofiline'
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Journal articles on the topic "ADF/cofiline"
Estornes, Y., F. Gay, JC Saurin, and J. Abello. "C1 - Régulation du pouvoir invasif des cellules cancéreuses coliques humaines isreco1 par les protéines de liaison à l’actine de la famille cofiline/ADF." Gastroentérologie Clinique et Biologique 30, no. 1 (January 2006): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0399-8320(06)73080-9.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "ADF/cofiline"
Icheva, Tea Aleksandra. "Dynamique de l’actine : influence de l’architecture des réseaux d’actine sur le désassemblage par ADF/Cofiline." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAV054/document.
Full textCells maintain their morphology and produce forces thanks to the cytoskeleton, which is composed of three types of protein polymers, amongst which the actin microfilaments. Actin filaments assemble into diverse architectures, which assembly and disassembly is tightly controlled in space and time. Indeed, the progressive hydrolysis of ATP in the monomers causes the actin filaments to age. Thus, actin needs to be recycled. When assembly and disassembly compensate, different actin architectures are in a dynamic steady state, in which the pool of actin monomers is renewed. Disassembly of actin structures also maintains a large reservoir of polymerization-ready monomers ready to assemble when needed by the cell.The lamellipodium is the locomotory organelle of the cell, and is made of a thin yet very dense sheet of dendritic actin network, with regulatory proteins. A pivotal protein is ADF/Cofilin, which is responsible of the disassembly of old actin filaments by fragmentation and debranching. To date, there have been extensive studies about the microscopic mechanisms, but if one wants to understand cell motility, one must decipher the collective and macroscopic disassembly of the dendritic actin network.By combining motility media reconstituted from purified proteins, and a new surface micro-patterning technique, I was able to reconstitute lamellipodium-like dendritic networks in vitro. During this thesis I explored the parameters that control the macroscopic disassembly of these networks. This work shows that the disassembly of dendritic actin networks depends on their architecture (density) and geometry (size): dense or extended networks are less efficiently disassembled and remain cohesive longer. Simulations show that these effects can be explains by a local depletion of ADF/Cofilin in the volume surrounding the network. Besides, networks of heterogeneous densities acquire directionality. This steering is modulated by selective disassembly of the networks by ADF/Cofilin. In parallel, these studies established a ratio at which networks are at a dynamic steady state.This work goes further than the fundamentally important studies about fragmentation of individual actin filaments, and establishes new parameters that control the disassembly of dendritic actin at the macroscopic scale
Suarez, Cristian. "ADF/cofiline, un facteur essentiel dans le contrôle de la dynamique de l'actine au cours de la motilité cellulaire." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENY033/document.
Full textDuring my thesis, I have studied the pivotal role of ADF/cofilin, a protein that binds to the actin cytoskeleton, specifically decorates ‘old' actin filament parts, decreases by a factor of 5 the local filament rigidity and triggers filament fragmentation at boundaries between decorated and non-decorated filament sections. In my first study (Suarez et al., Current Biology, 2011), I have used evanescent wave microscopy and labeled ADF/cofilin to demonstrate that ADF/cofilin is a marker of the nucleotide state (i.e. ATP, ADP-Pi or ADP) associated with the actin sub-units in actively polymerizing filaments. In addition, because ADF/cofilin accelerates inorganic phosphate (Pi) release, the size of the ATP/ADP-Pi cap is diminished, although it cannot be reduced to zero. Fragmentation events frequency, determined from a thorough analysis of a population of single filaments decorated with labeled ADF/cofilin, is perfectly correlated with the binding density of ADF/cofilin on filaments. However, the maximal severing efficiency is obtained for half ADF/cofilin density. This paradoxical result is confirmed by analysis showing that severing sites are mainly associated with boundaries between decorated and bare actin filament sections. In consequence, in a second paper (McCullough et al., Biophysical Journal, 2011), I have took part in the study of actin filament deformation in relation with severing efficiency. Using different ADF/cofilin (vertebrate and yeast) and actin (vertebrate and yeast), we have shown that filament deformation at the boundary between bare and ADF/cofilin-decorated filament sections (which depends on the ADF/cofilin/actin combination) and severing are highly correlated. During my third study, (Reymann et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 2011), we established that stochastic dynamics, discovered at the molecular level for single filaments (or bundles of them), is also relevant to describe the macroscopic fragmentation of a comet tail consisting of hundreds of thousands filaments. I have shown that ADF/cofilin activity is at the crossroad between macroscopic and microscopic systems, on one hand, and physics and chemistry, on the other hand. The characteristics of microscopic interactions of ADF/cofilin with a single filament are fundamental to understand the macroscopic dynamics of a fragmenting comet. In addition, we have established how the binding of ADF/cofilin (chemistry) controls the mechanical properties of the filament (physics) before fragmentation. ADF/cofilin is essential in the integration of physical and chemical mechanisms at the microscopic level, to ensure consistent behavior at the cell scale
Estornes, Yann. "Propriétés invasives de cellules tumorales coliques humaines : rôle de la famille ADF / cofiline, proteines régulatrices du cytosquelette d'actine." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10132.
Full textSuarez, atias Cristian. "ADF/cofiline, un facteur essentiel dans le contrôle de la dynamique de l'actine au cours de la motilité cellulaire." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00638733.
Full textRochelle, Tristan. "Signalisation des GTPases de la famille Rho dans les phénotypes migratoires induits par les différentes formes de Bcr-Abl." Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT1401/document.
Full textBcr-Abl chimeric oncogenes (p190bcr-abl and p210bcr-abl) result from the t(9,22) chromosomal translocation that fuse the bcr and the c-abl genes. p210bcr-abl and p190bcr-abl are associated with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) and a subset of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) respectively. The only difference between these two chimeras is the presence of a specific RhoA-GEF domain in the p210bcr-abl oncogene. Bcr-Abl expression in Ba/F3 lymphoblasts induces spontaneous migration of these cells without apparent directionality. Motility triggering of Bcr-Abl-expressing Ba/F3 depends on the RhoGTPase Rac1.RhoA activity is associated with a typical amoeboid movement of Ba/F3p210 cells embedded in Matrigel™ 3D matrix, whereas the Ba/F3p190 cells, devoid of RhoA activity, display a rolling-type motility. In this work we showed that activation of the RhoA effector ROCK1 triggers two parallel pathways which are both necessary for amoeboid movement: 1) the Myosin Light chain (MLC) pathway 2) ADF family proteins (Actin Depolymerizing Factor) pathway, specifically the ADF/destrin isoform. Besides, we showed that Ba/F3p190 cells could assemble invadopodia-like structures. The formation of these structures is driven by the reduction of RhoA activity associated with the absence of the DH/PH domain in p190bcr-abl and correlates with an increase in Cdc42 activity. We finally demonstrated that the RhoA/ROCK pathway is constitutively activated in CD34+ cells isolated from CML patients while not in their normal counterparts. We also demonstrated that this activation is independent of the tyrosine Kinase activity of Bcr-Abl
Roland, Jérémy. "Dynamique et mécanique de la fragmentation de filaments d'actine par l'ADF/cofiline : comparaison entre expériences et modèles." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00566088.
Full textMichelot, Alphée Tristan. "Dynamique des filaments d'actine: de la molécule individuelle à la formation de structures organisées." Phd thesis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00164946.
Full textCette thèse résume dans un premier temps le travail accompli pour comprendre le mécanisme d'action des formines à l'échelle moléculaire. La plupart des formines sont des nucléateurs processifs, c'est-à-dire qu'ils permettent la formation et l'élongation de nouveaux filaments d'actine, tout en restant liées à l'extrémité du filament qui polymérise. Nous avons montré par la technique originale de microscopie à onde évanescente que Arabidopsis Thaliana FORMIN1 représente un nouveau type de formine, qui se déplace sur le côté des filaments d'actine après les avoir formés. Depuis le côté d'un filament préexistant, FORMIN1 est capable de nucléer un autre filament, initiant la formation de câbles de filaments d'actine. Dans un deuxième temps, cette thèse s'intéresse au mécanisme moléculaire mis en jeu par l'ADF/cofiline pour accélérer la dynamique d'assemblage/désassemblage des filaments d'actine, et traite pour la première fois de la dynamique de l'actine en temps réel à l'échelle du filament individuel ou à l'intérieur de structures organisées de filaments d'actine.
Berro, Julien. "Du monomère à la cellule: Modèles de la dynamique de l'actine." Phd thesis, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00221384.
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