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Sterley, Magdalena. "Characterisation of green-glued wood adhesive bonds." Doctoral thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik, TEK, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-18606.
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The gluing of unseasoned wood, called green gluing, is a relatively new sawmill process, implying a radically changed order of material flow in the production of value-added wood-based products. It facilitates the enhancement of raw material recovery and value yield by integrating defect elimination and gluing already before kiln drying. The present study evaluates green glued adhesive bonds in flatwise glued beams and finger joints. The main part of this work deals with green gluing using a moisture curing polyurethane adhesive (PUR). Standardised test methods and specially designed, small scale, specimens were used for the determination of the strength, fracture energy and the ductility of both dry- and green glued bonds in tension and in shear. Using the small scale specimens it was possible to capture the complete stress versus deformation curves, including also their unloading part. An optical system for deformation measurement was used for the analysis of bond behaviour. The influence of moisture content during curing and temperature after curing on the adhesive chemical composition and on the mechanical properties was investigated. Furthermore, the moisture transport through the adhesive bond during curing was tested. Finally, microscopy studies were performed for analysis of bond morphology and fracture. The results show that two significant factors influence the shear strength of green glued bonds: wood density and adhesive spread rate. Bonds which fulfil the requirements according to EN 386 could be obtained within a wide range of process parameters. The small specimen tests showed that green glued PUR bonds can reach the same strength and fracture energy, both in shear and in tension, as dry glued bonds with the same adhesive amount. The local material properties of the bonds could be determined, thanks to the failure in the tests taking place within the adhesive bond itself and not in the wood. Following process factors were shown to cause lower bond strength: a) a low adhesive spread rate, b) high pressure and c) short pressing time in combination with low wood density and high moisture content. Moreover, the heat treatment of the cured PUR adhesive during drying influenced the chemical composition of the adhesive, providing for higher strength, stiffness and Tg of the adhesive, caused by an increased amount of highly ordered bidentate urea.
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Andersson, Viktor, and Andreas Larsson. "Project ABSS : Adhesive bonding of stainless steels." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-13707.
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This report aims to increase the scientific knowledge about long-term prospects for the adhesive and adhesive joints for bonding of stainless steels. The effects of water, temperature and chemicals on the adhesive and adhesive joints are investigated. Stainless steel plates are pretreated with a primer and isopropanol, there after joined together with single lap modeling. The strength of the joint is tested with a tensile test and additionally a watertightness test is performed to determine if the joints are watertight. For this project three versions of stainless steels is used and two different technologies of two- part adhesives, silicone and silane-modified polymer and one technology of tape, a double coated acrylic foam tape are tested. The result shows that all the adhesives fails cohesively and that tape fails partly adhesively. Result shows that all tests are affected by water, temperature and chemicals on different levels but tape is affected the most with a minimum of 40% loss in shear strength. Watertightness test shows that aged tape joints are not watertight. The polymer shows no signs of decreasing in shear strength and is watertight, but does become more viscous by aging. The report shows that a possible combination of adhesive and pretreatment that can withstand the effects of water, temperature and chemicals is found. The polymer presents a possibility to bond stainless steel with a simple pretreatment. Tape didn’t pass the test in a suitable way but presents opportunities if a sufficient pretreatment can be found.
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Johansson, Anton. "Influence of the adhesive on the mechanical properties in laminated multi-layer paperboard : Evaluation of two common dispersion adhesives, their failure modes, internal strength and influence on bending and tensile properties." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-33662.
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The objectives of the thesis were to investigate the adhesives influence on the mechanical properties in laminated multi-layer paperboard. The study also strived to find a method to investigate the interface strength of the adhesive layer. This was investigated by constructing handsheets of laminated paperboard by gluing a bulky, CTMP center ply, Chromofoil, of two different grammages, 290 g/m2 and 360 g/m2, together with two outer plies of ordinary copy paper, Multi- Copy 80 g/m2. The sheets were glued with two types of dispersion adhesives, a starch based adhesive and a polyvinyl acetate based adhesive. Twelve types of test specimens were constructed and tested in a series of mechanical tests, which involved a tensile test, a two-point bending test and a Scott Bond test. The method called “digital image correlation” was used trying to investigate the interface strength of the adhesive layer. The study also involved an evaluation of the possibility to predict the bending stiffness of laminated multi-layer paperboard by using calculations according to classic laminate theory. The results show that it is fully possible to use these calculated values as a prediction, with low risk of overestimating the bending stiffness of the paperboard and without involving the adhesive layer in the calculation. The method provided high absolute values in bending and tensile properties, which increased with increasing amount of glue applied. This came at the cost of grammage, which lead to low index values. The overall conclusion is that the effect from the adhesives is somewhat negative, since the mechanical properties would have been improved if the adhesive had been replaced with more fiber. The major source of errors during the experiments was the roughness of the manufacturing method. This lead to an uncertainty about whether the right amount of adhesive had been applied to the test specimens. Due to this the validity of the results could be questioned. Digital image correlation proved to be a rather sensitive method that requires a high accuracy setup and execution for it to be applicable in this type of study. The failure mode of the glue seam correlated well to the amount of glue applied. A lower amount of adhesive applied increases the likeliness of failure of the glue seam.
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Jacques, Paula [UNESP]. "Resistência adesiva de um sistema auto-condicionante e um convencional simplificado, aplicados à dentina tratada com diferentes condicionadores." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95517.
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jacques_p_me_arafo.pdf: 6578711 bytes, checksum: 7ce3c1075cc06b0164a5b42ddcb9c7d0 (MD5)A resistência adesiva de um sistema auto-condicionante e um convencional simplificado, Clearfil SE Bond e Single Bond, respectivamente, quando aplicados à dentina superficial tratada com diferentes agentes condicionadores, foi avaliada por meio de ensaios mecânicos de microtração. Superfícies planas de dentina, obtidas removendo-se a superfície oclusal de 30 terceiros molares humanos foram polidas com lixa de granulação 600 antes da aplicação de diferentes agentes condicionadores, SE Primer, ácido fosfórico ou EDTA. O primer acidificado SE Primer foi aplicado sobre a superfície por 20 segundos, seguido de suave secagem com jatos de ar. O ácido fosfórico a 37% foi aplicado por 15 segundos, seguido de lavagem e remoção do excesso de água com papel absorvente e a solução de EDTA 0,5M pH7,2 foi aplicada por 30 segundos, também seguida de lavagem e secagem. Com exceção das superfícies que receberam a aplicação do primer acidificado, as demais foram mantidas úmidas para a posterior aplicação dos sistemas adesivos avaliados. Sobre a superfície coberta pelo sistema adesivo foi construída uma coroa em resina composta Z250 e os dentes foram mantidos em água a 37% por 24h. Após 500 ciclos térmicos em temperaturas de 5o e 55oC, cortes paralelos no sentido mesio-distal e cortes perpendiculares aos primeiros, no sentido vestibulo-lingual, permitiram a obtenção de amostras com área de secção transversal quadrangular de 1,0mm2 em número mínimo de 10 para cada dente. Cada amostra foi colada a um dispositivo especialmente desenvolvido, e este foi acoplado à uma máquina universal de testes operada à velocidade de 0,5mm/min. O lado correspondente à dentina de aproximadamente 50% das superfícies fraturadas após o ensaio mecânico foi analizado em MEV. Os resultados mostraram que o maior valor médio de resistência adesiva foi observado para a associação SE Primer... .
Microtensile bond strength of a self-etching primer and a conventional one-bottle system, Clearfi SE Bond and Single Bond, respectively, bonded to superficial dentin treated with different conditioners was investigated. Flat dentin surfaces obtained by removing the occlusal enamel with a diamond saw were ground with 600-grit SiCs under wet conditions to create the smear layer before the conditioners application. Three different dentin conditioning was performed, SE Primer, phosphoric acid and EDTA. The SE Primer was applied on dentin for 20 seconds followed by slight air-drying. Phosphoric acid (37%) was applied for 15 seconds followed by rinsing. EDTA 0.5M pH7.2 was applied for 30 seconds, also followed by water rinsing. Except for the surfaces that received the SE Primer conditioner, the surfaces were left moist by blot-drying the excess water. The adhesive systems were applied and a 5mm high composite resin (Z250) was built up covering the whole surface. After 24h of storage in water at 37oC the teeth were thermocycled for 500 cycles at preset temperatures of 5o and 55oC. The teeth were sectioned with a diamond saw, perpendicular to the adhesive interface to produce beams with 1.0mm2 of adhesive area. These specimens were then attached to a testing apparatus and a tensile load was applied by a universal machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5mm/min. After the micro-tensile bond test, the dentin side of 50% of the fractured surfaces was examined under a scanning electron microscope. The highest tensile bond strength mean was found for the association of SE Primer and Single Bond, 58.51MPa, followed by the association Clearfil SE Bond and EDTA, 47.81MPa. The remaining associations showed mean tensile bond strength statistically similar, except for the association Single Bond and EDTA, which showed the lowest... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
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Bas, Gamze S. "Predictive Modeling For Rate Dependent Toughened-Adhesive Behavior During Impact." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1499078572477787.
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LEE, Tung-Ying. "THE EFECT OF IMPURITIES IN WATER FROM LAKE ERIE ON THE ADHESIVE STRENGTH OF ICE TO WIND TURBINE MATERIALS." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1310744454.
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Erhardt, Maria Carolina Guilherme. "Influencia do grau de mineralização do substrato dentinario na resistencia a microtração de tres sistemas adesivos." [s.n.], 2003. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289750.
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Orientador: Luiz Andre Freire PimentaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo in vitro foi determinar a influência de superfícies dentinárias desmineralizadas, normais e hipermineralizadas na resistência adesiva (RA) dos sistemas adesivos Clearfil Liner Bond 2V / Kuraray Co. (CLB), Single Bond /3M (SB) e OptiBond Solo P/us / Kerr (OSP). Noventa incisivos bovinos foram selecionados, tendo suas superfícies vestibulares desgastadas com lixas de carbeto de silício em granulação decrescente. Os dentes foram aleatoriamente separados em três grupos, sendo submetidos a diferentes padrões de ciclagem de pH: G1 - dentina desmineralizada (DD)i G2 - dentina hipermineralizada (DH) e G3 - dentina normal (DN). Cada grupo, com seus respectivos padrões de superfície, foi novamente dividido por aleatorização em três subgrupos, para que recebessem a aplicação de um dos três sistemas adesivos, de acordo com a recomendação dos fabricantes. Blocos de compósito Filtek Z250 / 3M com altura de 5 mm foram incrementalmente confeccionados, e após 24 h de armazenagem em água destilada a 37 °C, os dentes foram preparados para serem submetidos ao teste de microtração. Dispostos em cortadeira metalográfica de precisão, os dentes foram seriadamente seccionados em fatias de 1,0 mm de espessura paralelamente ao longo eixo dental. Em seguida, dispositivos hour glass foram manualmente confeccionados com o auxílio de pontas diamantadas de granulação fina em alta rotação, com área adesiva final de 0,8 mm2. Os espécimes foram afixados individualmente em um dispositivo de microtração (MT Jig), acoplada em máquina de ensaio universal / EMIC, com velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Após o teste, as duas porções fraturadas foram avaliadas em microscópio óptico (40x). Os valores de RA foram submetidos aos testes de análise de variância (ANOVA 2 fatores) e Tukey, com nível de significância de 5%. Os valores médios, expressos em MPa, foram: DN;SB= 31,05; DN/OSP= 24,49; DH;SB= 23,97; DH/CLB= 19,32; DN/CLB= 19,00; DH/OSP= 17,84; DD/CLB= 15,81; DD;SB= 13,62i DD/OSP= 5,22. Houve interação estatística entre os sistemas adesivos e os tipos de dentina avaliados. Em DN, os sistemas adesivos SB e OSP foram significativamente mais efetivos que o adesivo CLB. Em DD, os adesivos SB e CLB apresentaram os maiores valores de RA. Em DH, todos os sistemas adesivos se comportaram de maneira semelhante. Não foi possível observar um benefício claro advindo da utilização de um único sistema adesivo em todos os níveis de mineralização dentinária
Abstract: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of dentin mineralization level: demineralized, normal or hypermineralized, on microtensile bond strength of the adhesive systems Clearfil Liner Bond 2V / Kuraray Co. (CLB), Single Bond / 3M (SB) and OptiBond Solo Plus / Kerr (OSP). 90 freshly extracted incisive bovine teeth were selected, thoroughly cleaned and mechanically polished with wet silicon carbide papers. Teeth were randomly assigned into three groups, which were submitted to different pH-cycling models: Group I - demineralized dentin (DD); Group II - hypermineralized dentin (HD) and Group III normal dentin (ND). Each group, with its specific mineralization pattern, was randomly reassigned into three subgroups, in order to receive one of each adhesive application, according to manufacturers' instructions. Resin "crowns" with 5 mm high were incrementally constructed with Filtek Z250 /3M composite resin, and after 24 h of storage in distilled water at 37°C, teeth were prepared to micro-tensile testing. Samples were serially sectioned on a precision cutter in 1 mm slices, parallel to the dental long axis; and with diamond points, the hour glass devices were trimmed resulting in a cross-sectional area of 0.8 mm2. Each specimen was indMdual1y tested on a microtensile device (MT Jig) attached to a universal testing machine / EMIC with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. After testing, each specimen was visually evaluated. The bond strengths were statistically evaluated with two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05). The mean values obtained, recorded in MPa, were: ND;SB= 31.05; ND/OSP= 24.49; HD;SB= 23.97; HD/CLB= 19.32; ND/CLB= 19.00; HD/OSP= 17.84; DD/CLB= 15.81; DD;SB= 13.62; DD/OSP= 5.22. The statistical analysis showed a significant (p<0.05) interaction between the adhesive systems and the dentin substrates evaluated. SB and OSP presented the higher tensile bond strength values on ND. In terms of tensile bond strengths to DD, the highest mean values originated from SB and CLB. Regarding the HD, no differences were found among the adhesive systems evaluated. It could not be observed a real benefit from a unique adhesive system in all dentin mineralization levels
Mestrado
Dentística
Mestre em Clínica Odontológica
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Jacques, Paula. "Resistência adesiva de um sistema auto-condicionante e um convencional simplificado, aplicados à dentina tratada com diferentes condicionadores /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95517.
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Orientador: Josimeri HeblingBanca: Ricardo Marins de Carvalho
Banca: Elisa Maria Aparecida Giro
Resumo: A resistência adesiva de um sistema auto-condicionante e um convencional simplificado, Clearfil SE Bond e Single Bond, respectivamente, quando aplicados à dentina superficial tratada com diferentes agentes condicionadores, foi avaliada por meio de ensaios mecânicos de microtração. Superfícies planas de dentina, obtidas removendo-se a superfície oclusal de 30 terceiros molares humanos foram polidas com lixa de granulação 600 antes da aplicação de diferentes agentes condicionadores, SE Primer, ácido fosfórico ou EDTA. O primer acidificado SE Primer foi aplicado sobre a superfície por 20 segundos, seguido de suave secagem com jatos de ar. O ácido fosfórico a 37% foi aplicado por 15 segundos, seguido de lavagem e remoção do excesso de água com papel absorvente e a solução de EDTA 0,5M pH7,2 foi aplicada por 30 segundos, também seguida de lavagem e secagem. Com exceção das superfícies que receberam a aplicação do primer acidificado, as demais foram mantidas úmidas para a posterior aplicação dos sistemas adesivos avaliados. Sobre a superfície coberta pelo sistema adesivo foi construída uma coroa em resina composta Z250 e os dentes foram mantidos em água a 37% por 24h. Após 500 ciclos térmicos em temperaturas de 5o e 55oC, cortes paralelos no sentido mesio-distal e cortes perpendiculares aos primeiros, no sentido vestibulo-lingual, permitiram a obtenção de amostras com área de secção transversal quadrangular de 1,0mm2 em número mínimo de 10 para cada dente. Cada amostra foi colada a um dispositivo especialmente desenvolvido, e este foi acoplado à uma máquina universal de testes operada à velocidade de 0,5mm/min. O lado correspondente à dentina de aproximadamente 50% das superfícies fraturadas após o ensaio mecânico foi analizado em MEV. Os resultados mostraram que o maior valor médio de resistência adesiva foi observado para a associação SE Primer... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo).
Abstract: Microtensile bond strength of a self-etching primer and a conventional one-bottle system, Clearfi SE Bond and Single Bond, respectively, bonded to superficial dentin treated with different conditioners was investigated. Flat dentin surfaces obtained by removing the occlusal enamel with a diamond saw were ground with 600-grit SiCs under wet conditions to create the smear layer before the conditioners application. Three different dentin conditioning was performed, SE Primer, phosphoric acid and EDTA. The SE Primer was applied on dentin for 20 seconds followed by slight air-drying. Phosphoric acid (37%) was applied for 15 seconds followed by rinsing. EDTA 0.5M pH7.2 was applied for 30 seconds, also followed by water rinsing. Except for the surfaces that received the SE Primer conditioner, the surfaces were left moist by blot-drying the excess water. The adhesive systems were applied and a 5mm high composite resin (Z250) was built up covering the whole surface. After 24h of storage in water at 37oC the teeth were thermocycled for 500 cycles at preset temperatures of 5o and 55oC. The teeth were sectioned with a diamond saw, perpendicular to the adhesive interface to produce beams with 1.0mm2 of adhesive area. These specimens were then attached to a testing apparatus and a tensile load was applied by a universal machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5mm/min. After the micro-tensile bond test, the dentin side of 50% of the fractured surfaces was examined under a scanning electron microscope. The highest tensile bond strength mean was found for the association of SE Primer and Single Bond, 58.51MPa, followed by the association Clearfil SE Bond and EDTA, 47.81MPa. The remaining associations showed mean tensile bond strength statistically similar, except for the association Single Bond and EDTA, which showed the lowest... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Mestre
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Ribeiro, Josà Carlos Viana. "Influence of temporary cements on the bond strength of indirect restorations to dentin employing two resinous adhesive systems." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=684.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorThe aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of residual temporary cements on the microtensile bond strength of indirect composite resin build-ups employing two types of adhesive systems. Thirty non-carious human third molars were selected and the occlusal enamel was removed to produce flat dentin surfaces. The surfaces were coated with provisional restorations fixed with either eugenol-containing temporary cement (Temp Bond), or non-eugenol temporary cement (Freegenol). After one week, the provisional restorations and residual cement were removed with a dental probe and one specimen of each group was selected for evaluation by atomic force microscopy to investigate the presence of remnants of temporary cements. For the control groups, no provisional restorations were made. The dentin surfaces were cleaned with pumice and treated either with a total-etch (TE) adhesive system (Adper Single Bond 2) or with a self-etch (SE) adhesive system (Adper Prompt). Composite resin build-ups (Filtek Z250) were fixed to the bonded dentin surfaces using resin luting cement (RelyX ARC). The bonded specimens were then cross-sectioned producing sticks of 0.9 mm2 of adhesive area. Microtensile bond strength testing was perfomed in a universal test machine at a rate of 0.5 mm/min until fracture occurred. Optical microscopic images and scanning electron micrographs of fractured surfaces were obtained and recorded for fractographic analysis. Bond strength values were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-Student tests to detect significant differences between groups. The results showed a significant reduction on microtensile bond strength values when Temp Bond cement was employed in comparison with the control groups either for TE (p = 0.0331) or SE (p = 0.0267) adhesive systems. Total-etch groups showed significantly higher bond strength values than self-etch groups (p < 0.0001). Optical and scanning electron microscopic analysis revealed a majority of mixed fractures (67%). Adhesive failure at dentin-adhesive interface was significantly higher for SE groups than for TE groups (p = 0.0001). Atomic force microscopic images showed that residues of both temporary cements remained on dentin surfaces even after mechanical cleansing and treatment with acids. Bond strengths of total-etch and self-etch adhesive systems were significantly lowered only when eugenol-containing temporary cement was used prior to bonding and cementation procedures.
O presente estudo experimental in vitro se propÃÂs a investigar a influÃÂncia de resÃÂduos de cimentos provisÃÂrios sobre a resistÃÂncia de uniÃÂo de restauraÃÂÃÂes indiretas de resina composta ÃÂ dentina, empregando-se dois sistemas adesivos resinosos, por meio de ensaio mecÃÂnico de microtraÃÂÃÂo. SuperfÃÂcies planas de dentina foram obtidas a partir da remoÃÂÃÂo do esmalte oclusal de 30 (trinta) dentes terceiros molares humanos sem lesÃÂes de cÃÂrie, extraÃÂdos por indicaÃÂÃÂo cirÃÂrgica ou ortodÃÂntica. Os espÃÂcimes foram distribuÃÂdos em 6 (seis) grupos, de acordo com o tipo de cimento provisÃÂrio e o tipo de sistema adesivo empregado. Discos de resina acrÃÂlica foram fixados ÃÂ superfÃÂcie dentinÃÂria dos espÃÂcimes empregando-se o cimento provisÃÂrio com eugenol Temp Bond ou o cimento sem eugenol Freegenol. ApÃÂs 7 (sete) dias em ÃÂgua destilada a 37ÃÂC, as restauraÃÂÃÂes provisÃÂrias e os resÃÂduos de cimento foram removidos com instrumento manual. Nos grupos-controle, nÃÂo foram empregadas restauraÃÂÃÂes provisÃÂrias. As superfÃÂcies dentinÃÂrias foram limpas com pasta de pedra-pomes e ÃÂgua e tratadas de acordo com o sistema adesivo empregado: condicionamento com ÃÂcido fosfÃÂrico a 37% e aplicaÃÂÃÂo do sistema adesivo Adper Single Bond 2 (SB2) ou aplicaÃÂÃÂo do sistema adesivo autocondicionante Adper Prompt (AP). Em seguida, blocos de resina composta (Filtek Z 250) foram fixados ao substrato dentinÃÂrio utilizando-se um cimento resinoso (RelyX ARC). AtravÃÂs de cortes seriados, foram obtidos corpos-de-prova em forma de palitos com ÃÂrea de interface adesiva de aproximadamente 0,9 mm2 que foram submetidos ao ensaio de microtraÃÂÃÂo em mÃÂquina universal de testes com velocidade de 0,5mm/min atÃÂ a ruptura. A resistÃÂncia adesiva foi expressa pela tensÃÂo de ruptura dos corpos-de-prova. Os modos de fratura das interfaces adesivas foram analisados por microscopia ÃÂptica digital e microscopia eletrÃÂnica de varredura. A presenÃÂa de resÃÂduos dos cimentos provisÃÂrios foi investigada por microscopia de forÃÂa atÃÂmica. Os resultados de resistÃÂncia adesiva foram submetidos ÃÂ anÃÂlise de variÃÂncia (ANOVA) de dois critÃÂrios e teste t-Student para detectar diferenÃÂas significativas entre os grupos. Observou-se uma reduÃÂÃÂo estatisticamente significativa da resistÃÂncia adesiva quando o cimento Temp Bond foi empregado em relaÃÂÃÂo aos grupos-controle, tanto com o sistema adesivo SB2 (p = 0,0331) quanto com o sistema AP (p = 0,0267). Os grupos em que o sistema SB2 foi utilizado apresentaram valores de resistÃÂncia adesiva estatisticamente superiores aos grupos com o sistema AP (p< 0,0001), independentemente do emprego ou nÃÂo de cimentos provisÃÂrios. A anÃÂlise dos modos de fratura mostrou uma maior ocorrÃÂncia de fraturas mistas (67%), sendo que nos grupos com o sistema de condicionamento ÃÂcido total a ocorrÃÂncia de fraturas adesivas na interface dentina-adesivo foi estatisticamente menor que nos grupos com o sistema autocondicionante (p = 0,0001). Com base nesses resultados, concluiu-se que resÃÂduos microscÃÂpicos dos dois cimentos provisÃÂrios permaneceram sobre a superfÃÂcie dentinÃÂria mesmo apÃÂs limpeza mecÃÂnica e tratamento com ÃÂcidos. PorÃÂm, apenas o cimento provisÃÂrio contendo eugenol reduziu significativamente a resistÃÂncia de uniÃÂo ÃÂ dentina das restauraÃÂÃÂes indiretas de resina, independentemente do sistema adesivo empregado.
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Araújo, Cíntia Tereza Pimenta de 1968. "Use of fluorescence in the performance evaluation of adhesive systems = Uso da fluorescência na avaliação do comportamento de sistemas adesivos." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289658.
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Orientador: Luis Alexandre Maffei Sartinni PaulilloTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: A microscopia confocal de varredura a laser (MCVL) é um recurso de visualização microscópica que permite a análise de materiais ou estruturas com requisitos mínimos de preparação de amostras de modo não destrutivo. Assim, os objetivos deste estudo foram: avaliar a influência da incorporação do corante fluorescente Rodamina B (R) nas propriedades mecânicas resistência coesiva (RC), módulo de elasticidade (ME) e resistência à flexão (RF) de 2 sistemas adesivos, o autocondicionante Clearfil SE Bond e o convencional Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (estudo 1); validar o método modificado de microtração (?TBS), em que micro-amostras de secção transversal de 0,09 mm2 foram testadas e verificar a influência da R na resistência à união a dentina e integridade interfacial através de microscopia confocal (estudo 2). Para avaliar a influência do corante, 0,16 mg/ml de R foram incorporados aos adesivos constituindo assim dois grupos para cada adesivo: grupos dos adesivos corados e não corados totalizando 4 grupos experimentais. Para a análise da RC, E e RF, os corpos de prova foram confeccionados a partir de uma matriz de silicone por adição. Sobre a matriz, foram dispensados 10 ?L de adesivo variando de acordo com cada grupo de adesivos corados e não corados. RC (n= 10), E e RF (n= 5) foram avaliadas em máquina de ensaio universal a 0,5 mm/min, até a ruptura da amostra. Para visualização em microscopia confocal e análise da resistência à união os adesivos foram aplicados à superfície plana da dentina oclusal de 32 pré-molares humanos. Após a realização dos procedimentos adesivos, realizaram-se as restaurações (blocos de 16 mm2) com Charisma Opal (Kulzer - cor A3). Em seguida, para a realização do teste modificado de microtração, micro-amostras em forma de palito (secção transversal 0,09 mm2) foram confeccionadas. Previamente ao ensaio mecânico, foi realizada através de MVCL a análise micromorfológica das microamostras dos grupos de adesivos corados. Posteriormente a resistência à união foi mensurada através do ensaio modificado de microtração a velocidade de 0,5 mm/min em máquina de ensaio universal. Os dados de todos os testes avaliados foram submetidos à análise de variância dois fatores. Os resultados mostraram que o comportamento dos sistemas adesivos investigados não se modificou, independente da presença do corante, pois não foram observadas diferenças significativas nas propriedades mecânicas estudadas: resistência à união, resistência coesiva, resistência flexural, módulo de elasticidade, bem como a integridade interfacial. A preparação de micro-amostras não comprometeu os resultados do ensaio de resistência adesiva. De acordo com os resultados obtidos e análise dos parâmetros: coeficiente de variação, porcentagem de padrão de fratura e incidência de falhas prematuras, concluiu-se que o teste modificado de microtração foi considerado um método confiável para a avaliação da resistência à união de sistemas adesivos. A técnica de visualização microscópica confocal produziu informações detalhadas da interface adesiva e pode ser bem indicada para a avaliação da efetividade de união de sistemas adesivos. Desta forma, é possível associar ambas as metodologias obtendo-se uma avaliação mais realista e confiável dos materiais restauradores
Abstract: The confocal laser scanning microscopic (CLSM) is a tool of visualization that allows microscopic analysis of materials or structures labeled with fluorescent dyes with minimal requirements of specimen's preparation nondestructively. The aims of this study were: to evaluate the influence of incorporation of fluorescent dye Rhodamine B (R) in the properties mechanical: cohesive strength (CS), elastic modulus (E) and flexural strength (FS) of the selfetching Clearfil SE Bond and etch-and-rinse Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (Study 1); validating the modified microtensile method using micro-specimens cross section of 0.09 mm2 (?TBS) and evaluate the influence of R in bond strength in dentin and interfacial integrity by confocal microscopy (study 2). To evaluate the influence of the dye, 0.16 mg/ml of R were incorporated into adhesives thus forming two groups for each adhesive: groups of labeled adhesives and no-labeled totaling 4 experimental groups. For the analysis of CS, E and FS the specimens were made from a silicone matrix. About the matrix were 10 ?L dispensed adhesive varying according to each group of adhesives stained or not. CS (n = 10), E and FS (n = 5) were evaluated in a universal testing machine at 0.5 mm/min until failure of the specimen. For visualization in confocal microscopy and bond strength analysis (n = 8), the adhesives were applied to the occlusal dentine surface 32 of human premolars. After procedures adhesives, composite crowns approximately (16 mm2) were built up with Charisma Opal (Kulzer - color A3). Then for testing modified microtensile, micro-specimens beam-shaped were prepared. Prior to mechanical testing micromorphological analysis of micro-sticks of the groups of labeled adhesives was performed using CLSM. Subsequently bond strength was measured using the modified microtensile test in a universal testing machine speed of 0.5 mm/min. The results showed that the behavior of the adhesive systems investigated did not change regardless of the presence of the dye, as there were no significant differences in mechanical properties studied: bond strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, as well as interfacial integrity. The preparation of micro-specimens did not affect the results of the bond strength test. According to the analysis results and parameters: coefficient of variation percentage of fracture pattern and incidence of early failures, it is concluded that the modified microtensile test was considered a reliable method for evaluating the bond strength of adhesive systems. The confocal microscopic visualization technique yielded detailed information of the adhesive interface and can be well suited for evaluating the effectiveness of adhesive systems. Thus, it is possible to associate both methods give a more realistic and reliable adhesive restoration on the presence of fluorescent dye
Doutorado
Dentística
Doutora em Clínica Odontológica
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Eddouhbani, Jamal. "Etude théorique et expérimentale du comportement mécanique des assemblages métalliques collés." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ECAP0050.
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Etude des conditions optimales de polymérisation. Influence de la température sur la résistance à la traction et sur la compression uniaxiale. Utilisation de l'extensomètre ALTHOF pour caractériser l'adhésif en cisaillement. Observation des phénomènes de cisaillement sous microscope électronique à balayage
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Wilhelmsson, Sebastian, and Joel Ågren. "Evaluation of the mechanical properties of structural adhesives cured under different environmental conditions." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-25567.
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Today, structural adhesives are found extensively in load-bearing engineering applications, as their use can be advantageous compared to other fastening methods. However, the characteristics of adhesives are far more complex, making it challenging to predict their behavior in different service conditions. In addition, environmental factors like temperature and water can affect the performance of an adhesive bond both physically and chemically. This work was initiated by MuoviTech AB and aims to evaluate the performance of structural methyl methacrylate adhesives cured in different environmental conditions. The study began with a literature review to find relevant research and literature about structural adhesives, their material characteristics, and the effects of temperature and water on the performance of adhesive bonds. A market survey was conducted to find products suitable for the experiment, and Araldite 2050, Araldite 2051, Permabond TA4200, 3M DP8810NS, LoctiteHY 4070, and Acralock SA 10-05 were selected together with MuoviTech AB. The laboratory work began with sample preparation in terms of abrasion and cleaning of the surface. The adhesives were applied to the samples, and single-lap joints were prepared and cured in room temperature and normal humidity, as well at 5 °C and underwater, for 24 hours. Single-lap shear tests were performed according to American standard ASTM D3163. Lastly, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was utilized for the thermal analysis of the samples cured at 5 °C and underwater. The results showed that neither of the adhesives performed in the range specified in the manufacturers’ technical data sheets (TDS). Lower failure strength and elongation was observed for the samples cured at 5 °C and underwater, compared to the samples cured in the optimal condition. However, Loctite HY 4070 showed an increase in failure strength. The DSC analysis revealed various degrees of post-curing. Further investigation with prolonged curing time and more environmental conditions are recommended. New tests for Loctite HY 4070 is also recommended to confirm the results.Idag finns strukturella lim i stor utsträckning i bärande tekniska applikationer, eftersom deras användning kan vara fördelaktig jämfört med andra fästmetoder. Limmens egenskaper är dock mycket mer komplexa, vilket gör det svårt att förutsäga deras beteende under olika serviceförhållanden. Dessutom kan miljöfaktorer som temperatur och vatten påverka en limbindnings prestanda både fysiskt och kemiskt. Detta arbete initierades av MuoviTech AB och syftar till att utvärdera prestanda för strukturella metylmetakrylatlim härdade under olika miljöförhållanden. Studien inleddes med en litteraturöversikt för att hitta relevant forskning och litteratur om strukturella lim, deras materialegenskaper och effekterna av temperatur och vatten på limförbandens prestanda. En marknadsundersökning genomfördes för att hitta produkter som var lämpliga för experimentet, och Araldite 2050, Araldite 2051, Permabond TA4200, 3MDP8810NS, Loctite HY 4070 och Acralock SA 10-05 valdes tillsammans med MuoviTech AB. Arbetet i laboratoriet inleddes med provförberedelse genom slipning och rengöring av provens yta. Lim applicerades på proverna och förband med enkla överlapp (single-lap) bereddes och härdades i rumstemperatur och normal fuktighet, liksom vid 5 ° C och under vatten, under 24 timmar. Skjuvtester utfördes enligt den amerikanska standarden ASTM D3163. Slutligen användes differentiell svepkalorimetri (DSC) för termisk analys av proverna som härdades vid 5 ° C och under vatten. Resultaten visade att inget av limmen presterade i enlighet med det som beskrevs i tillverkarnas tekniska datablad (TDS). Däremot så observerades en lägre brottstyrka och töjning för proverna som härdades vid 5 ° C och under vatten, jämfört med de prover som härdades i det optimala tillståndet. Loctite HY 4070 visade emellertid en ökning av brottstyrka. DSC-analysen gav indikation på att olika grader av efterhärdning. Ytterligare undersökningar med längre härdningstid och med flera miljöförhållanden rekommenderas. Nya tester för Loctite HY 4070 rekommenderas också för att bekräfta resultaten.
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Nečasová, Barbora. "Adheze lepených spojů fasádních obkladů z materiálů na bázi dřeva." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401594.
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The presented dissertation thesis is focused on investigating the adhesive properties of façade cladding made of wood and wood-based materials in combination with flexible adhesion/assembly systems. The systems allow the implementation of effective construction joints and provide a solution with uniform stress distribution which allows the transfer of heavy loads, while simultaneously reducing the weight of the entire structure, which is also often connected with substantial cost reductions. Despite all that, little attention has been paid to this area so far. It is not a solution which is properly embodied in technical standards or in designers´, architects´ and contractors´ awarenesses. The aim of this dissertation is to characterise adhesive properties of selected façade cladding representatives made of wood and wood-based materials for the purposes of bonded joint application in a ventilated façade system. To define adhesion of façade joints, numerical and experimental methods are used, taking also various limit conditions into account. The main conclusion of the dissertation is the characterisation of basic parameters which influence adhesion, effectiveness and quality of façade glued joints. The secondary conclusion is the compilation of a simple methodical procedure for testing and implementing façade glued joints. The dissertation also makes a contribution by extending the current state of knowledge of façade adhesive joints.
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Ramires-Romito, Ana Cláudia Durante. ""Resistência de união, ao ensaio de microtração, de selante e sistemas adesivos aplicados em superfícies oclusais de molares decíduos"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23140/tde-06062005-153047/.
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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resistência de união, ao ensaio de microtração, de selante (Clinpro, 3M) e sistemas adesivos (OptiBond FL, Kerr; OptiBond Solo, Kerr; OptiBond Solo Self-Etch Adhesive System (SE), Kerr) aplicados em superfícies oclusais de molares decíduos (n=32). Os produtos avaliados foram testados após serem aplicados de acordo com as recomendações dos fabricantes e após contaminação da superfície oclusal com saliva. Após armazenagem em água por 24h a 37ºC, cada dente foi secionado no plano mésio-distal e perpendicularmente à interface de união para obtenção de corpos-de-prova em forma de palito com seção transversal retangular e área aproximada de 0,6 mm 2 . Cada corpo-de-prova foi submetido ao teste de tração em máquina de ensaio universal a uma velocidade de 0,5 mm/min e os fragmentos armazenados para análise posterior do padrão de fratura em microscopia eletrônica de varredura. As fraturas foram classificadas em: adesiva mista, tipo 1 (fratura tanto de material restaurador, isto é associação de adesivo/resina composta, como do esmalte e o substrato predominante foi esmalte); adesiva mista, tipo 2 (fratura tanto de material restaurador como do esmalte e o substrato predominante foi o material restaurador); adesiva mista, tipo 3 (fratura tanto de material restaurador como do esmalte e houve distribuição homogênea de ambos); mista tipo 4 (fratura apenas de material restaurador, isto é, adesivo associado à resina composta) e; coesiva tipo 5 (fratura coesiva exclusivamente de um do substratos sendo esmalte ou resina composta). A análise estatística dos dados obtidos, relativos à resistência de união, usou como unidade experimental o dente. Os palitos perdidos em cada grupo foram incluídos no cálculo de resistência de cada dente. A contaminação salivar não influe nciou a perda de palitos. Não houve associação entre o padrão de fratura e os valores de resistência de união. As fraturas foram predominantemente mistas, não foi observada fratura coesiva exclusivamente de esmalte ou resina composta. Para os sistemas adesivos testados, nenhuma diferença significante foi observada entre os grupos com contaminação salivar ou não. OptiBond FL (34,5 ± 2,2 MPa) e Clinpro (45,1 ± 3,2 MPa) apresentaram valores de resistência de união similares e significativamente maiores do que o OptiBond Solo Plus (19,1 ± 2,3 MPa) e OptiBond Solo SE (9,8 ± 2,3 MPa) que foram equivalentes entre eles (p > 0,05).The aim of this study was to evaluate the micro-tensile bond strength (mTBS) of a conventional sealant (Clinpro, 3M) and adhesive systems (OptiBond FL, Kerr; OptiBond Solo, Kerr; OptiBond Solo Self-Etch Adhesive System (SE), Kerr) on occlusal surface of primary molars (n=32). Sealant and adhesives were tested under manufacturers specifications and after contamination of the bonding site with saliva. After storage in distilled water at 37 º C for 24 h, the specimens were longitudinally sectioned perpendicular to the adhesive interface. Stick shape samples with cross-sectional areas of about 0.6 mm 2 were obtained and subjected to a tensile force in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The bond failure modes were evaluated at scanning electron microscope and classified as following: mixed, type 1 (with cohesive failure of the neighboring substrates, wherein enamel was predominant); mixed, type 2 (with cohesive failure of the neighboring substrates, wherein adhesive/resin composite was predominant); mixed, type 3 (with cohesive failure of the neighboring substrates, wherein enamel and adhesive/resin composite was equally distributed); mixed, type 4 (with cohesive failure of the neighboring substrates, where there was only adhesive and resin composite, with none enamel fracture); cohesive, type 5 (failure exclusive within enamel or resin composite). The mean value of bond strength was calculated for each of the four teeth used per group, meaning that the experimental unit was the tooth. These were averaged to express the mean bond strength for every material at each group. The specimens lost due to pre-testing failure were included in the calculus of the mTBS of each tooth. Moisture did not influence sticks loss. There was not any association between failure mode and values of mTBS. The majority of fractures were mixed, none cohesive failure of enamel or composite resin was observed. For the tested adhesive systems no significant difference was observed between the groups under either saliva contamination or not. OptiBond FL (34.5 ± 2.2 MPa) and Clinpro (45.1 ± 3.2 MPa) showed similar values of mTBS and significantly higher than OptiBond Solo Plus (19.1 ± 2.3 MPa) and OptiBond Solo SE (9.8 ± 2.3 MPa) that were equivalent to each other (p>0.05).
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Amaral, Roberto César do. "ANÁLISE IN VITRO E IN VIVO DE DIFERENTES FORMAS DE APLICAÇÃO DE SISTEMAS ADESIVOS AUTOCONDICIONANTES." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2008. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1744.
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Previous issue date: 2008-03-25Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different modes of application (active vs. inactive) of one step self-etch adhesives under in vitro conditions (resindentin bond strength [BS] and nanoleakage under Scaning Electron Microscopy [SEM]) and in vivo conditions (in non carious class V restorations) in the immediate [IM] and 6 month period [6M]. For the in vitro test, 32 human third molars (20 for BS and 12 for SEM) had their occlusal dentin exposed by wet abrasion with 600-grit SiC paper. The following adhesives Adper Prompt [AP] and Xeno II [XE] were applied under inactive [I] or following vigorous application mode [V] in two coats, which were then ligh-cured for the recommended time. Composite “crowns” were incrementally constructed and the after storage (37C/24 h) the specimens were sectioned in both “x” and “y” direction to obtain bonded sticks (0.8 mm2) to be tested in tension (0.5 mm/min). Half of the specimens were tested I or after 6M of water storage. A threeway ANOVA and Tukey test was used to statistically evaluate the data (0,05). For the clinical study, 120 restorations were placed in non carious cervical lesions in 30 patients, in a way that all four experimental conditions were placed in the same patient. The restorations were evaluated according the modified USPHS. The differences for each adhesive at baseline and 6 months were analysed Fisher’s (0,05) and the performance of each mode of application for each adhesive at each period of evaluation was evaluated by Mc Nemar’s test ( 0,05). In the immediate time, an increase in the BS and lower nanoleakage was observed when both adhesive were applied under A mode. However, after 6 months, the BS were reduced ad a higher nanoleakage occurred for both adhesives regardless the mode of application. Under the in vitro part of the study, 29 patients attended the 6 month recall. Only one AP restoration debonded after 6 months in the inactive mode. Based on the results of the present investigation one can conclude that: 1) although the vigorous application improves the immediate performance of the adhesive systems tested, no improvement was observed after 6 months of water storage. 2) After the short-term evaluation of 6 months no significant difference was observed in none of the USPHS items for the experimental conditions.
O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar, in vitro (resistência de união [RU] por microtração e análise ultramorfológica pela impregnação de nitrato de prata em microscopia eletrônica de varredura [INP]) e in vivo (avaliação clínica), o efeito da forma de aplicação (inativa vs. ativa) de adesivos autocondicionantes de passo único na dentina nos tempos imediato (baseline) e 6 meses. Para o teste in vitro, trinta e dois terceiros molares humanos (20 para o teste de RU e 12 para MEV) tiveram a dentina exposta com lixas carbeto de silício de granulação 180 e 600 para obter uma smear layer padronizada. Os adesivos (Adper Prompt [AP], e Xeno III [XE]) foram aplicados sobre a superfície dentinária em duas camadas de forma inativa ou sob vigorosa agitação por todo substrato (forma ativa). Após serem restaurados, os dentes foram seccionados em eixos “x” e “y” para obtenção dos corpos-de-prova (cps) com média de (0,8 mm2) e testados sob tração (0,5 mm/min). Metades dos cps obtidos foram testados imediatamente e a outra metade armazenada em água para ser testada após seis meses. Os dados de RU foram submetidos a uma análise de variância de 3 fatores e teste de Tukey (α = 0,05). Para avaliar a efetividade clínica dos sistemas adesivos, 120 lesões cervicais não cariosas foram restauradas em trinta pacientes (n=4), sendo distribuídas aleatoriamente de acordo com cada condição experimental (AP inativa = 30; AP ativa = 30; XE inativa = 30 e XE ativa = 30). As restaurações foram avaliadas de acordo com os critérios USPHS modificado. As diferenças nos índices das duas formas de aplicação testada para cada adesivo após cada tempo (baseline e 6 meses) foram submetidos ao teste exato de Fisher′s (0,05) e a performance dos modos de aplicação para cada adesivo no momento e após 6 meses foi avaliado pelo teste de Mc Nemar′s ( 0,05). Na análise in vitro, os fatores técnica e tempo foram significantes (p < 0,05). No tempo imediato houve um aumento da RU e menor INP para os dois adesivos testados quando foram aplicados de forma ativa, entretanto após 6 meses, houve uma diminuição da RU e aumento da INP para os dois adesivos independentemente da técnica de aplicação. No estudo in vivo, 29 pacientes foram avaliados no período de 6 meses. A única diferença registrada foi à queda de uma restauração para o AP inativa, sendo classificado como critério C (Charlie). Conclui-se que: a RU e uma menor INP pode ser conseguida no período imediato quando os adesivos são aplicados sob vigorosa aplicação, entretanto após 6 meses a técnica de aplicação não se mostrou eficaz e na avaliação clínica nenhuma diferença foi observada no tempo de 6 meses.
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Lima, Giana da Silveira. "A influência da água na composição de primers autocondicionantes experimentais." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2007. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2227.
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Previous issue date: 2007-12-21To investigate the influence of different water concentrations in self-etching primers solvents on microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of an experimental adhesive system. Five experimental self-etching primers with 0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 water concentration (wt %) in solvent, were synthesized. Clearfil SE Bond (CSEB) was used as commercial adhesive. Sixty bovine incisive were randomize separated in six groups (n=20). Vestibular enamel was removed to expose the superficial coronal dentin, this surface was polished wet to create a standardized smear layer. After rinsing, water was removed, leaving the surface visibly dried. The dentin surfaces were etched with primer and air-dried, after coating adhesive resin was applied and photo-activated, following the composite resin restoration was accomplished. After storage for 24 hours, the specimens were sectioned with a refrigerated diamond saw at low-speed. Microtensile bond strength were measured and data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA/Tukey s test (α=0.05). Analysis of variance showed that primer composition was a significant factor for bond strength. There was not difference on bond strength of the primers with water concentration: 40% (53.9 ± 12.7 MPa), 20% (51.1 ± 11.5 MPa) and 10% (47.5 ± 11.4 MPa) and CSEB (52.44 ± 13.27 MPa). The group with 5% (38.6 ± 12.9 MPa) and 0% (31.5 ± 7.5 MPa), present similar bond strength amongst themselves but statistically smaller that the other groups. The water concentration, present in the primer solvent, exercise significant influence on the bond strength of this experimental self-etching adhesive system
Este estudo avaliou a influência de diferentes concentrações de água no solvente de um primer autocondicionante de um sistema adesivo dentinário experimental. Foram formulados cinco primers experimentais com diferentes concentrações, 0; 5; 10; 20; 40%, de água em massa e Clearfil SE Bond (CSEB) foi utilizado como referência comercial. Foram utilizados 60 incisivos bovinos, distribuídos aleatoriamente entre 6 grupos (n= 20). Na face vestibular dos dentes foi realizado desgaste com lixas até a exposição de dentina com lixa d água 600. O primer foi aplicado sobre a dentina previamente seca com papel absorvente, sendo aplicado jato de ar e em seguida o adesivo foi aplicado e foto-ativado com aparelho fotopolimerizador LED SDI Radii®. A restauração foi confeccionada utilizando 2 incrementos, fotoativados de acordo com as recomendações do fabricante. Após armazenagem por 24 horas em água destilada à 37°C, os dentes foram seccionados em cortadeira de precisão e a resistência de união mensurada, através de ensaio de microtração em uma máquina de ensaios mecânicos. Análise de Variância segundo um critério e teste complementar de Tukey foram utilizados na análise estatística (α=5%). Não houve diferença na resistência de união de P40 (53,9 ±12,7 MPa) P20 (51,1 ±11,5 MPa) e P10 (47,5 ±11,4 MPa) e CB (52,44 ±13,27 MPa). Os grupos P5 (38,6 ±12,9 MPa) e P0 (31.5 ±7.5 MPa) não apresentaram diferença estatística entre si, mas seus valores de adesão dentinária foram menores que os demais grupos (p<0,05). A resistência de união dentinária do sistema adesivo experimental testado sofre influência da concentração de água presente no solvente do primer autocondicionante
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Gómez, Ninoshka Uceda. "Degradação de interfaces adesivas formadas após desmineralização e desproteinização da dentina." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23134/tde-11042008-105741/.
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O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resistência de união de 2 sistemas adesivos convencionais de dois passos (Single Bond-SB, 3MESPE e One Step-OS, Bisco) aplicados à dentina desmineralizada [SH] e desmineralizada e desproteinizada com NaOCl a 10% [CH], tanto no tempo imediato [IM] como após 12 meses de imersão em água [12M]. Realizou-se também a observação da morfologia das interfaces de união entre os sistemas adesivos e a superfície de dentina em Microscópio Eletrônico de Varredura (MEV) para cada grupo experimental. O esmalte oclusal de 20 molares permanentes hígidos foi removido para expor as superfícies planas de dentina, que foram condicionadas com H3PO4 a 37%, lavadas e secas (grupos SH). Para os grupos CH após o condicionamento ácido foi aplicado hipoclorito de sódio a 10% durante 60 s, seguido de lavagem por 15 s. Os sistemas adesivos foram aplicados de acordo com as recomendações dos fabricantes. Coroas de resina composta (Z-250, 3MESPE) foram construídas de forma incremental (600 mW/cm² por 40 s). Após armazenagem em água por 24h a 37°C, os espécimes foram secionados para obter corpos-de-prova na forma de palitos (0,8mm²), que foram testados sob tração (0,5 mm/min) no tempo imediato [IM] ou após 12 meses de armazenamento em água. Dois dentes de cada grupo foram observados em MEV nos dois períodos de tempo. Os dados de resistência de união foram submetidos à uma análise de variância de três fatores e teste de Tukey para contraste das médias (p = 0,05). As interações duplas e triplas não foram estatisticamente significantes (p> 0,05), assim como o fator principal Tratamento de superfície (p = 0,05). Somente os fatores principais Adesivo e Tempo de armazenagem foram significantes (p = 0,04 e p = 0,03, respectivamente). O adesivo SB (43,3 ± 9,1 MPa) apresentou altos valores de resistência de união quando comparado com o OS (33,3 ± 11,6 MPa). A resistência de união do grupo IM (42,5 ± 8,7) foi estatisticamente superior à grupo 12M (33,3 ± 11,8).The aim of this study was to evaluate the early and 12-month bond strengths of two adhesive systems (Single Bond-SB, 3MESPE and One Step-OS, Bisco) applied to demineralized dentin (WH) and demineralized/NaOCl-treated dentin (H). The adhesive interfaces were also micromorphologically evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Twenty flat dentin surfaces were exposed. They were etched, rinsed and slightly dried. For the H groups, a solution of 10% NaOCl was applied for 60s, rinsed (15 s) and slightly dried. The adhesives were applied according to the manufacturer\'s instructions and composite resin crowns were incrementally constructed. After 24 h (water-37°C), the sample was sectioned in order to obtain resin-dentin sticks (0.8 mm²). The specimens were tested in tension (0.5 mm/min) immediately (IM) or after 12 months of water storage (12M). Two teeth from each experimental group were restored as described previously and evaluated under SEM, under the two storage periods. The data (MPa) were subjected to three-way ANOVA and Tukey\'s test (? = 0.05). No significant effects for the triple and double interactions (p > 0.05) as well as for the main factor Surface treatment were observed (p > 0.05). Only the main factors Adhesive and Storage time were statistically significant (p = 0.004 and p = 0.003, respectively). The adhesive SB (42.3 ± 9.1) showed higher bond strengths than OS (33.6 ± 11.6). The mean bond strength for IM-group (42.5 ± 8.7) was statistically superior to 12M (33.3 ± 11.8). The use of 10% sodium hypochlorite, after acid etching, did not improve the immediate and the long term resin-dentin bond strengths for acetone and water/alcohol based adhesive systems.
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Halabrín, Marek. "Spojování 3D FDM tištěných dílů z ABS." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444279.
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The thesis focuses on comparisons of usability of distinct types of glues to attach specimens. The specimens were glued using 4 types of glue: BISON Power Adhesive, BISON Epoxy Universal, PATTEX Repair Epoxy 5 min and a mixture of acetone with diluted ABS plastic as the last. The specimens underwent tensile and impact tests. For the tensile test, the specimens were made in 3 variants: blunt frontal joint, bevelled joint and gradually folded joint. For the impact test, the specimens were made in the form of a rod with a V-shaped notch. All variants of the joints consisted of 5 specimens with 3 unglued specimens for reference. The testing was conducted on the ZD 10/90 tensile strength machine and a Charpy impact test machine from the WPM company. The thesis contains technical-economic evaluation of the results of the tests with comparisons of the individual glues and forms.
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Ortlepp, Regine, Anett Brückner, and Enrico Lorenz. "Verbundversagensmechanismen im Verankerungsbereich von textilbewehrten Feinbetonverstärkungsschichten." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1244049139702-05245.
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Experimentelle Untersuchungen an Plattenbalken zeigen, dass Querkraftverstärkungen auch außerhalb der Biegedruckzone verankert werden können. Entscheidend dabei ist, dass alle in der Verbundfuge von Altbeton und Verstärkung auftretenden Beanspruchungen durch die Haftzug- und Scherfestigkeit des Alt- und Feinbetons übertragen werden können. Ein Verbundversagen führt durch das Ablösen der Verstärkungsschicht zu deren Ausfall. Der Beitrag befasst sich mit den Beanspruchungen und Versagensmechanismen des Verankerungsbereiches, die anhand von Versuchsergebnissen dargestellt werden. Als Versagenskriterium für die Verankerung sind zwei flächige Versagensarten – der Altbetonuntergrund und die Ebene der textilen Bewehrung – zu berücksichtigen. Als weiteres Versagenskriterium der Verankerung ist der innere Verbund zwischen den Multifilamentgarnen und der sie umgebenden Feinbetonmatrix zu betrachten. Für die Bemessung des Verankerungsbereiches einer Verstärkung wird der jeweils ungünstigste Wert dieser drei Versagensarten maßgebend.
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Lodovici, Edmea. ""Influência do volume de adesivo e das ciclagens térmica e mecânica na resistência de união resina-dentina"." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23140/tde-27092005-170914/.
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Interfaces adesivas flexíveis, com maior capacidade de dissipação de tensões poderiam prevenir falhas provenientes das tensões geradas durante a contração de polimerização, variações térmicas e esforços mastigatórios. Isso poderia ser obtido através do aumento da espessura da camada de adesivo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar a resistência de união (RU) à dentina de dois sistemas adesivos (SA) aplicados com diferentes volumes de adesivo (uma ou duas camadas) e submetidos ou não às ciclagens térmica e mecânica (CTM). A superfície dentinária de 40 terceiros molares hígidos foi exposta com uma lixa de granulação 600. Dois sistemas adesivos foram testados: Scotchbond Multiuso (SBMU) e Clearfil SE Bond (CSEB). Seus respectivos adesivos foram aplicados através de uma micropipeta (8 ou 16µl) em uma área delimitada de 52 mm 2 e blocos de resina composta (Z250) foram construídos incrementalmente. Metade da amostra foi armazenada em água destilada por 24 h e submetida às ciclagens térmica (1.000; 5-55ºC) e mecânica (500.000 ciclos / 12 kgf). A outra metade foi apenas armazenada em água destilada por 72 h. Após isso, os dentes foram seccionados, longitudinalmente, em cortes perpendiculares entre si, a fim de se obterem corpos-de-prova em formato de paralelogramo com aproximadamente 0,8mm 2 de secção transversal. Os palitos foram submetidos ao teste de microtração a 1,0 mm/min e o modo de fratura analisado. A RU foi expressa como um índice que incluiu os valores de RU dos diferentes padrões de fratura, além dos palitos prematuramente fraturados (P). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância de 3 fatores. O teste de qui-quadrado foi utilizado (p<0,05) para verificar diferenças na freqüência de P. Dois fatores foram significantes: SA e CTM. SBMU e grupos não-ciclados apresentaram maior RU do que CSEB e grupos ciclados respectivamente. Uma maior freqüência de P foi observada para os grupos ciclados. Uma camada adicional de adesivo não influenciou na RU de interfaces feitas com SBMU ou CSEB, enquanto a CTM levou à redução da RU das interfaces.Dentin bonding interfaces with increased capacity of stress dissipation are able to prevent failures due to polymerization contraction, thermal and mechanical stresses. This would be obtained by increasing adhesive layer thickness. The purpose of this study was to compare the resin-dentin microtensile bond strengths (BS) of two adhesive systems (AS) applied with different volumes of adhesive resin (one and two coats) submitted or not to thermal and mechanical loading (TML). A flat superficial dentin surface was exposed on 40 third molars with a 600-grit SiC paper. Two systems were tested: Scotchbond Multipurpose (SBMP) and Clearfil SE Bond (CSEB). After primer application, the adhesive layer was applied by a micropipette (8 or 16µl) to a delimited area (52mm 2 ) and resin blocks (Z250) were built incrementally. Half of the sample was stored in distilled water for 24h and then submitted to thermal (1,000; 5-55ºC) and mechanical cycles (500,000; 12kgf). The other half was stored in distilled water (72h). Teeth were then sectioned to obtain sticks (0.8 mm 2 ) to be tested under tensile mode (1.0mm/min). The fracture mode was analyzed at 400X. BS was expressed as an index that included the BS values of different fracture patterns and the prematurely debonded specimens (D). The data was analyzed by three-way ANOVA. The χ 2 test was used (p<0.05) to compare the frequency of D specimens. The main factors AS and TML were significant. SBMP and non-cycled groups showed higher BS to dentin. A higher frequency of D was observed for the cycled groups. The application of an adhesive layer in two coats for a three-step etch&rinse and a two-step self-etch systems, to act as an intermediate flexible layer, was not able to minimize the damage caused by thermal and mechanical load in a low C-factor cavity.
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Vermelho, Paulo Moreira 1967. "Sistemas adesivos universais = resistência de união ao esmalte e dentina, padrão de fratura e análise ultramorfológica = Universal adhesive systems: bond strength to enamel and dentin, failure pattern and ultramorphology analysis." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/287800.
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Orientador: Marcelo GianniniTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Os objetivos deste estudo foram analisar as características ultramorfológicas da interface de união dente-resina, a resistência de união ao esmalte e dentina pelo método da microtração e os padrões de fratura dos espécimes testados. Dois adesivos "universais ou multi-molde" (Scotchbond Universal, 3M ESPE e All-Bond Universal, Bisco) foram testados nos modos autocondicionantes e com condicionamento prévio e comparados aos métodos tradicionais de união ao esmalte e dentina (grupos controles) utilizando os adesivos Optibond FL (Kerr) e Clearfil SE Bond (Kuraray Noritake). Esmalte e dentina de terceiros molares humanos foram utilizados nos procedimentos adesivos, os quais foram realizados com as instruções dos fabricantes. Após a aplicação dos adesivos, um bloco de compósito foi construído em incrementos. Os dentes foram seccionados longitudinalmente para obtenção de espécimes em formato de "palitos" para o ensaio de resistência de união por microtração (n=8) e as análises em microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET) (n=2). Os espécimes foram testados após 24 horas ou um ano de armazenamento em saliva artificial. Para a MET, solução traçadora de nitrato de prata foi utilizada para mostrar espaços nanométricos e evidências de degradação na área de união. As superfícies fraturadas dos espécimes foram observadas em microscopia eletrônica de varredura e os dados de resistência de união analisadas pela ANOVA três-fatores, teste de Tukey e Dunnett (5%). O condicionamento prévio do esmalte aumentou a resistência de união dos adesivos universais, mas essa reduziu após o armazenamento por um ano. Os adesivos universais mostraram menor resistência de união em esmalte que o grupo controle quando utilizados no modo autocondicionante no tempo de 24 horas. Nenhuma diferença significativa foi encontrada na resistência de união em dentina nos dois tempos de avaliação quando comparados aos adesivos universais e os controle. O armazenamento por um ano reduziu a resistência de união em dentina apenas para um adesivo universal usando no modo autocondicionante. A análise fractográfica em esmalte mostrou predomínio de fraturas mistas e coesivas na camada de adesivo. Em dentina, o predomínio foram fraturas mistas, adesivas e coesivas em compósito. A observação da ultramorfologia em MET mostrou a formação de hibridização e zonas de interação entre todos os adesivos em esmalte e dentina nos dois modos de aplicação. Sinais de nanoinfiltração foram identificados na área de união dentina-resina para os adesivos Scotchbond Universal e Clearfil SE Bond após armazenamento por um ano. Os resultados sugerem que armazenamento por um ano pode reduzir a resistência de união quando os adesivos universais foram aplicados em esmalte condicionado, mas em dentina condicionada não houve redução da resistência de união, exceto para o adesivo Scotchbond Universal. No esmalte a resistência de união do grupo controle foi maior que a dos adesivos universais no modo autocondicionante. Após o armazenamento por um ano, a resistência de união dos adesivos universais em esmalte tratado com ácido fosfórico não diferiu do grupo controle. Em dentina, não foi encontrada diferença significativa entre adesivos universais e os grupos controles, independente do modo de condicionamento
Abstract: The aims of this study were to analyze the ultramorphological characteristics of tooth¿resin interfaces, the microtensile bond strength of multimode adhesive systems bonded to enamel and dentin, and the failure pattern of tested specimens. Two multimode adhesives (Scotchbond Universal, 3M ESPE; All-Bond Universal, Bisco) were tested in both self-etch and etch-and-rinse modes and compared to control groups using traditional bonding techniques (Optibond FL, Kerr; Clearfil SE Bond, Kuraray Noritake) in enamel and dentin. Enamel and dentin from third human molars were used for bonding and adhesives used according to the manufacturer¿ instructions. A composite resin block was incrementally applied to bonded surfaces, and teeth were sectioned transversely to the tooth-composite interface to obtain specimens for microtensile bond strength (n=8) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis (n=2). Specimens were tested after storage for either 24 hours or 1 year in artificial saliva. For TEM, a silver tracer solution was used to reveal nanometer-sized spaces and evidence of degradation within resin¿dentin interfaces. Fractured surfaces of tested specimens were analyzed under scanning electron microscopy. Bond strength data were analyzed by three-way ANOVA and by Tukey¿s and Dunnett¿s tests (?=5%). The acid-etching mode increased the enamel bond strength of multimode adhesives; however, bond strength decreased after storage for 1 year. Multimode adhesives showed lower enamel bond strength than the control group adhesive when used in self-etch mode for 24 hours. No significant differences in dentin bond strength were noted between multimode and control adhesives in either evaluation period. Storage for 1 year only reduced the dentin bond strength for a multimode adhesive used in self-etch mode. Mixed and cohesive-within-adhesive-layer failures were predominant in enamel. In dentin most fractures were mixed, adhesive along the dentin or enamel, and cohesive within the composite layer. TEM analysis identified hybridization and interaction zones in dentin and enamel for all adhesives and application modes. Silver impregnation was detected on dentin¿resin interfaces after storage of specimens for 1 year only with the Scotchbond Universal and Clearfil SE Bond samples. Results suggested that storage for 1 year can reduce bond strength when multimode adhesives are applied on an etched surface, but the dentin bond strength was not affected when using the etch-and-rinse mode (except for the Scotchbond Universal sample). The enamel bond strengths of the control group adhesives were higher than those obtained for multimode adhesives in the self-etch mode. After storage for 1 year, the bond strengths of multimode adhesives in etched enamel did not differ from those of the control group adhesive. In dentin, no significant difference was noted between the multimode and control group adhesives, regardless of etching mode
Doutorado
Dentística
Doutor em Clínica Odontológica
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Antury, José David Ruan. "Análise "in vitro" da resistência adesiva de sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes com o substrato dentinário após a desproteinização dentinária." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2005. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/1769.
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Previous issue date: 2005-11-18The purpose of this study was to evaluate “in vitro” the bond strength of the self etch adhesive systems One Coat SE Bond, Self Etch Bond, and XENO®III with the dentin substrate, by means of the microtensile bond strength test, after dentin deproteinization. The conventional adhesive system Adper Single Bond™/3M™-ESPE™ was used as group control. Thirty five human integral third molars were chosen. Theirs occlusal surfaces were cut 3mm±1mm. The dentin surfaces polished with silicon carbide sandpaper of granulation 600 during 1min, in a Politriz. Each group (n=5) received its respective adhesive systems, GI: controle (hybrid layer); GII, GIV and GVI: self etch adhesive systems (reaction-integration); GIII, GV and GVII: self etch adhesive systems (deproteinization). The teeth were restored with resin composite Filtek Z-250 3M™/ESPE™. 24 hours after, the teeth were sectioned using a diamond saw mounted in a Labcut 1010 machine, to get perpendicular sections to the bonding interface with a cross-sectional area to the approximately 0,7 mm2. Were selected 3 specimens per group. Which were prepared and analyzed through the scanning electronic microscope of camp emission and the “confocal laser scanning microscope”, the remaining specimens were submitted to microtensile bond strength in an universal testing machine, at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. the mode of fracture was observed using a optic microscope. For each one of the self etching adhesive systems a viscosity test was accomplished. The values of bond strength were submitted to statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The results had shown that the self etch adhesive system XENO®III, after the deproteinization with NaOCl 5,2% (43,60±11,44 MPa) presented the higher values of bond strength. The lowest values were observed in the self etch adhesive system One Coat SE Bond with and without deproteinization (27,50±8,75 MPa) and (27,07±7,27 MPa) respectively. The Self Etch Bond with NaOCl 5,2% demonstrated higher values of bond strength. The microscopy analyses allowed to observed the differences between the adhesive interfaces gotten (hybrid layer, reaction-integration, deproteinization). By this study was possible demonstrated that the dentin deproteinization through the application of NaOCl 5,2%, not influenced on the bond strength of the self etch adhesive systems One Coat SE Bond and XENO®III. In the self etch adhesive system Self Etch Bond with NaOCl the bond strength increased significantly.
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar “in vitro” a resistência adesiva dos sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes One Coat SE Bond, Self Etch Bond, e o XENO®III com o substrato dentinário, por meio do teste de microtração, após a desproteinização dentinária. O sistema adesivo convencional Adper Single Bond™/3M™-ESPE™ foi utilizado como grupo controle. Foram selecionados 35 terceiros molares humanos íntegros. As superfícies oclusais foram cortadas 3mm±1mm. As superfícies de dentina polidas com lixas de carbureto de silício de granulação 600 por 1 min., numa Politriz. Cada grupo (n=5) recebeu os respectivos sistemas adesivos GI: controle (camada híbrida); GII, GIV e GVI: sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes (reação-integração); GIII, GV e GVII: sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes (desproteinização). Os dentes foram restaurados com resina composta Filtek Z-250 3M™/ESPE™. 24 horas após, os dentes foram seccionados usando um disco de diamante montado numa máquina LABCUT 1010, e obter seções perpendiculares da interface adesiva, com uma área de seção transversal de aproximadamente 0,7 mm2 . Foram selecionados 3 espécimes por grupo, os quais foram preparados e analisados em microscópio eletrônico de varredura de emissão de campo e “confocal laser scanning microscope”, os espécimes restantes foram submetidos ao teste de microtração, numa máquina de ensaios universal, a uma velocidade de 1 mm/min. Os modos de fratura foram visualizados utilizando um microscópio óptico. Para cada um dos sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes foi realizado um teste de viscosidade. Os valores de resistência foram submetidos ao teste estatístico de Kruskal-Wallis. Os resultados mostraram que o sistema adesivo autocondicionantes XENO®III após a desproteinização com NaOCl 5,2% (43,60±11,44 MPa), apresentou os maiores valores de resistência adesiva. Os menores valores foram observados no sistema adesivo autocondicionante One Coat SE Bond com e sem desproteinização (27,50±8,75 MPa) e (27,07±7,27 MPa) respectivamente. O Self Etch Bond com NaOCl 5,2%, apresentou maiores valores de resistência adesiva. A análise de microscopia permitiu observar as diferenças entre as interfaces adesivas obtidas (camada híbrida, reação-integração, e desproteinização). Para este estudo foi possível demonstrar que, a desproteinização dentinária por meio da aplicação de NaOCl 5,2% por 40 seg., não influenciou na resistência adesiva, dos adesivos autocondicionantes One Coat SE Bond e do XENO®III. No adesivo autocondicionante Self Etch Bond com NaOCl, a resistência adesiva aumentou significativamente. Palavras-Chave: Sistemas Adesivos; Hipoclorito de sódio; Resistência Adesiva à Tração.
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Madruga, Francine Cardozo. "Influência da composição do primer sobre a resistência de união à microtração em sistema adesivo autocondicionante experimental." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2006. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2253.
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Previous issue date: 2006-12-21The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different functional monomer concentrations/HEMA in self-etching primers solvents on microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of an experimental adhesive system. Seventy bonive incisors were allocated in seven groups (n=20). Six experimental self-etching primers were synthesized with different concentratios of acidic monomer (MPF); 0, 15, 30, 50, 70 and 100 (wt %)(Groups EMa0, EMa15, EMa30, EMa50, EMa70, EMa100 respectively). Adhesive system Clearfil SE Bond (CSEB, Kuraray) was used as control. Coating adhesive resin AP-50 was prepared Seventy bovine incisors were randomized and allocate in seven groups. Vestibular enamel was grounded to expose the superficial coronal dentin, witch that was polished wet to create a standardized smear layer with 600 grit silicon paper. After rinsing, water was removed with a piece of absorbent paper, leaving the surface visibly dried. The prepared dentin surfaces were etched with primer and air-dried, after coating adhesive resin was applied and light activated with LED SDI Radii® (1400mW/cm2). The composite resin was inserted in two increments and were ligth activated for 20 s each. After storage for 24 hours, the specimens were sectioned with a refrigerated diamond saw at low-speed. To investigate immediate microtensile bond strength (μTBS) statistical analysis were performed (one-way ANOVA plus Tukey s post-hoc test, α=0.05). Fractographic analysis were performed using optical microscopy to describe failure patterns. The group EMa50 showed statistically higher (p<0.05) microtensile bond strength (55.1MPa) than others experimental groups but was similar with control (50.7MPa). Due total premature failure groups EMa0 and EMa100 were exclude form statistics. Groups EMa15, EMa30 and EMa70 were similar but different that control. Was possible conclude that concentration of acidic monomer/HEMA affects microtensile bond strength of self-etching adhesive systems. Primer composition of 50%MPF-20%HEMA- 30% water showed satisfactory microtensile bond strength as a self-etching adhesive system.
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência de diferentes composições variando as concentrações de monômero ácido/HEMA em primer autocondicionante de sistema adesivo dentinário experimental. Foram utilizados 70 incisivos bovinos, distribuídos aleatoriamente entre 7 grupos (n=20). Foram formulados seis primers experimentais com concentrações de 0; 15; 30; 50; 70%; e 100% de monômero ácido (MPF) em massa (Grupos EMa0, EMa15, EMa30, EMa50, EMa70, EMa100 respectivamente). O sistema adesivo Clearfil SE Bond (CSEB, Kuraray) foi utilizado como controle. Na face vestibular dos dentes foi realizado desgaste até a exposição de dentina com lixa d água granulação até 600. O primer foi aplicado vigorosamente sobre a dentina previamente seca com papel absorvente, sendo aplicado jato de ar e em seguida o adesivo foi aplicado e foto-ativado com aparelho fotopolimerizador LED SDI Radii® (1400mW/cm2). A restauração foi confeccionada utilizando 2 incrementos de 2 mm de compósito,fotoativados de acordo com as recomendações do fabricante. Após armazenagem por 24 horas em água destilada a 37°C, os dentes foram seccionados em cortadeira de precisão e a resistência de união (MPa) mensurada através do ensaio de microtração em uma máquina de ensaios mecânicos. As amostras fraturadas do ensaio de microtração foram avaliadas por microscopia óptica e classificadas quanto ao modo de fratura. Análise de Variância segundo um critério e teste complementar de Tukey foram utilizados para detectar diferenças entre médias (α=5%). O grupo EMa50 apresentou o maior valor (p<0,05) de resistência de união à microtração em dentina (55,1MPa) entre os primers experimentais, sendo esse valor semelhante ao encontrado no controle comercial (50,7MPa). Os grupos EMa0 e EMa100 demostraram-se inviáveis por apresentarem totalidade de falhas prematuras e foram excluídos da estatística, os grupos EMa15, EMa30e EMa70 foram semelhantes e estatisticamente inferiores ao controle. Baseado na metodologia do presente estudo foi possível concluir que variações de concentração de monômero ácido/HEMA na composição de sistemas adesivos autocondicionantes afetam os valores de resistência de união à dentina sendo que a composição 50%MPF-20%HEMA-30%Água demonstrou valores iniciais satisfatórios de resistência de união para o desenvolvimento de um sistema adesivo experimental autocondicionante.
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Godel, Jeffrey Harold. "Diametral Tensile Strength, Microhardness, Surface Modulus, and Surface Morphology of Novel,Antibacterial Orthodontic Adhesives." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/410293.
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Oral BiologyM.S.
Objective: Prior to the advent of bonded orthodontic appliances each tooth was fitted with a band made from stainless steel. Traditionally they were cemented to the tooth with a zinc phosphate cement. This acted more as a luting agent then adding to the actual adherence of the band to the tooth. In addition, often times the cement would wash out and upon the band removal white spot lesions and or carious lesions were present. The development of glass monomer cements had a traumatic improvement over both the adhesion to the tooth and a diminishing of white spot lesions in part due to the release of fluoride. Since the advent of the acid-etch technique and the bonding of orthodontic brackets directly to the enamel various bonding adhesives were developed. The first and most popular bonding resins were chemical curing bonding systems. The general class of self-adhesive and/or self-etching orthodontic adhesives are of several types, including resin-modified cements, such as resin-modified glass ionomer cements, that exhibit self-adhesive properties to enamel, as well as self-etching primers that combine the conditioning and priming agents into one acidic, polymerizable composition for application to the tooth surface, and do not require separate etching and rinsing steps. Not only do resin modified glass ionomers have the benefit of chemically bonding to a clean and un-etched enamel surface, but these self-adhesive cements also release significant and continuous levels of fluoride ion. Recently investigators have explored adding antimicrobial agents in addition to fluoride in orthodontic adhesives. One such approach has been the addition of ZnO powder, a known compound with anti-microbial properties, to an orthodontic resin modified glass ionomer adhesive. It should also be noted that zinc ions and compounds have been shown to positively influence enamel remineralization and enhance apatite formation. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of the addition of an antimicrobial agent, zinc oxide powder, on selected mechanical properties of a resin modified glass ionomer orthodontic adhesive. Methods: A resin modified glass ionomer (Fuji Ortho LC), in its two-component, powder/liquid format were utilized in this study. Control specimens, according to manufacturer's directions for use, were prepared for both diametral tensile and microhardness testing with be prepared. Using the powder component provided in the marketed product; powder blends containing both 10 and 20 percent Zinc Oxide (by weight) will be added to the RMGI powder, and thoroughly mixed and blended to create a uniform powder blend. The mechanical testing will be performed on 8-10 disc specimens, approximately 6.2 mm diameter by 3.1 mm in height, using a standardized mixing and molds for each material. The specimens will be tested using the Instron 5569 testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.75 mm/minute for DTS until failure occurs. Data was recorded in Newton’s (N) force. The microhardness testing was performed on 12 disc specimens, approximately 6.2 mm diameter by 3.1 mm in height, using a standardized mixing and molds for each material. A CSM microindentation testing device was used to measure theVickers microhardness. The surface morphological evaluation of the specimens both control and experimental will be examined at 50 X magnification for comparison of surface characteristics and morphology. One-way ANOVA for comparison of time- and material-specific mean Vickers microhardness values and post hoc pair-wise comparisons was employed to assess statistically significant differences in the mean values (p<0.05). Results: The diametral tensile strength test of all specimens including the modified control and experimental showed incremental decreases in the DTS as compared to the control mixed as per the manufacturer’s specifications. The Vickers values illustrated minimal variation of Vickers microhardness for the control and experimental group. The surface morphological evaluation illustrated various differences between the control, modified control and the Zinc Oxide formulations. Conclusions: Alterations in the liquid powder ration of the orthodontic resin modified glass ionomer adhesive resulted in a reduction of the DTS. The addition of both 10% and 20% zinc oxide powder also resulted in a significant reduction of the DTS as compared to the manufacturers mix proportions of liquid and powder. The Vickers microhardness did not illustrate a significant alteration in any of the specimens. The addition of both 10% and 20% zinc oxide powder to the mixture reduced the modulus and stiffness as compared to both of the control groups. Lastly, the morphology of the experimental samples with the zinc oxide showed a more irregular surface at the fracture site.
Temple University--Theses
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Karlsson, Patrik. "Determination of viscoelastic properties of adhesives." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för byggteknik (BY), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-35521.
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A research project at Linnaeus University focuses on optimizing theadhesives joints between wood and glass, with the aim of obtain stiffcomponents that can act as a load and stabilizing elements and still betransparent. But there is, however, still a lack of knowledge regarding theadhesive materials which need to be further investigated. This thesis focused on testing six different adhesives in relaxation and todetermine the viscosity (η) and modulus of elastic (MOE, E). Viscosity andMOE are then used in combination in a standard linear solid model (SLS)describing the viscoelasticity mathematically. Figures and tables are used topresent the results and the evaluation. The so determined parameters can beused in e.g. finite element models for the design of load bearing timber glasscomposites.
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MELLO, ANDREA M. D. de. "Avaliacao da resistencia a tracao de um sistema adesivo self - etching em dentina irradiada com ER: YAG laser." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2000. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10855.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado Profissionalizante em Lasers em Odontologia)
IPEN/D-MPLO
Intituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN-SP; Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo
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Mohan, Preethi. "Bond strength evaluation of two resin cements with two adhesives and analysis of mode of failure." Connect to resource online, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/2079.
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Thesis (M.S.D.)--Indiana University School of Dentistry, 2009.Title from PDF t. p. (viewed Feb. 9, 2009) Advisor(s): Jeffrey A. Platt, Chair of the Research Committee, Tien-Min Gabriel Chu, Michael A. Cochran, Bruce A. Matis, Burak Taskonak, B. Keith Moore. Curriculum vitae. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-76).
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Yang, Xing. "Organic Fillers in Phenol-Formaldehyde Wood Adhesives." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64999.
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Veneer-based structural wood composites are typically manufactured using phenol-formaldehyde resols (PF) that are formulated with wheat flour extender and organic filler. Considering that this technology is several decades old, it is surprising to learn that many aspects of the formulation have not been the subject of detailed analysis and scientific publication. The effort described here is part of a university/industry research cooperation with a focus on how the organic fillers impact the properties of the formulated adhesives and adhesive bond performance. The fillers studied in this work are derived from walnut shell (Juglans regia), alder bark (Alnus rubra), and corn cob (furfural production) residue.
Alder bark and walnut shell exhibited chemical compositions that are typical for lignocellulosic materials, whereas corn cob residue was distinctly different owing to the high pressure steam digestion used in its preparation. Also, all fillers had low surface energies with dominant dispersive effects. Surface energy of corn cob residue was a little higher than alder bark and walnut shell, which were very similar.
All fillers reduced PF surface tension with effects greatest in alder bark and walnut shell. Surface tension reductions roughly correlated to the chemical compositions of the fillers, and probably resulted from the release of surface active compounds extracted from the fillers in the alkaline PF medium.
It was shown that viscoelastic network structures formed within the adhesive formulations as a function of shear history, filler type, and filler particle size. Relative to alder bark and walnut shell, the unique behavior of corn cob residue was discussed with respect to chemical composition.
Alder bark and walnut shell exhibited similar effects with a decrease of adhesive activation energy. However, corn cob reside caused much higher adhesive activation energy.
Alder bark exhibited significant particle size effects on fracture energy and bondline thickness, but no clear size effects on penetration. Regarding corn cob residue and walnut shell, particle size effects on fracture energy were statistically significant, but magnitude of the difference was rather small. Classified corn cob residue fillers all resulted in a similar bondline thickness (statistically no difference) that was different walnut shell.Ph. D.
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Calixto, Abraham Lincoln [UNESP]. "Análise in vitro da resistência adesiva de resinas compostas em cavidades de classe II, através do teste de microtração. Efeito de diferentes técnicas restauradoras." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101402.
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calixto_al_dr_arafo.pdf: 933718 bytes, checksum: 50e18e9960ea9272e8e8efc853a8ef95 (MD5)O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar in vitro a resistência adesiva, em cavidades de classe II, restauradas com resinas compostas, através do teste de microtração . Foram realizadas cavidades padronizadas, de classe II, tipo slot, nas superfícies mesial e distal de 24 dentes terceiros molares humanos e hígidos. Os dentes foram aleatoriamente divididos em 6 grupos com 16 espécimes cada. O procedimento restaurador foi realizado através de técnica de incrementos múltiplos com as resinas compostas P60 (compactável) e Z250 (multiuso), sob efeito de diferentes técnicas restauradoras, a saber: Grupo PT1- adesivo + P60 ; Grupo PT2- adesivo + P60 + ponta fotocondensadora transparente; Grupo PT3- adesivo + flow + P60; Grupo ZT1- adesivo + Z250; Grupo ZT2- adesivo + Z250 + ponta fotocondensadora transparente; Grupo ZT3- adesivo + flow + Z250. O sistema adesivo utilizado foi o Single Bond (3M ESPE). Após as restaurações, os dentes foram armazenados em água destilada em estufa a 37°C, durante 24 horas. A seguir, os dentes foram termociclados por 500 ciclos (5°-55°) e então, seccionados paralelamente ao longo eixo com disco diamantado, no sentido vestíbulo - lingual e mesio - distal, obtendo-se amostras em forma de palitos, com área de secção transversal de 0,50mmøl0,1mmø . Antes do teste de tração, os palitos tiveram suas áreas de união medidas e anotadas, e então, foram fixados pelas suas extremidades ao dispositivo de microtração com um adesivo instantâneo e a seguir, submetidos ao ensaio de tração em máquina de testes universal (MTS) operada a velocidade de 0,5mm/min. Após a fratura, os valores de resistência adesiva foram calculados e expressos em MPa. O modo da fratura no lado de dentina foi classificada individualmente, com lupa estereoscópica com aumento de 40X. Os dados foram submetidos a análise estatística e demonstrou...
The aim of this work was to analyse in vitro of the tensile bond strength in class II cavities, recuperated with composite resins, throught the microtensile bond test. Standardized cavities were prepared, slot type , in the surfaces mesial and distal of 24 humans molars teeth third and health. The restorations procedures were carried out using the technique of multiple increments with P60 and Z250 resin. The teeth were randoly divided in to 6 groups of 16 specimens each, to know: Group PT1- adhesive+P60; Group PT2- adhesive+P60+ transparent photocondenser point; Group PT3-ahesive+flow+P60; Group ZT1-adhesive+Z250; Group ZT2- adhesive+Z250+ transparent photocondenser point; Group ZT3- adhesive+flow+Z250. The adhesive system were utilized Single Bond (3M/ESPE). After the restorations, the teeth were storage in destilled water for 24h at 37°C. After were thermocycled for 500 cycles at preset temperatures of 5° and 55°C, and the teeth were sectioned with a diamond disc, perpendicularly to the adhesive interface in buccal-lingual an mesio-distal directions, being obtained samples in sticks form with cross-sectional areas of 0,5 mmø. Before testing sticks had their measured and logged union areas. The specimens were then attached to a testing apparatus and tensile load was applied by universal machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5mm/min. After the fracture values of the tensile bond strenght were calculated and expressed in MPa. The dentin surfaces surfaces was examined with aid of glass magnifying stereoscopic with 40X, being verifield the way of failures. The results were submitted statistical analysis showed : 1- the largest values of shear bond strenght went to the group PT2, wich associated the resin P60 with the point photocondenser transparent; 2- the groups that you/they the resin flow didn't present... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)
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Sanares, Anna Marie E. "Tensile bond strength of simplified-step and all-in-one adhesives on light- and chemical- activated composite resins." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23300486.
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Raghavan, Bharadwaj Veera. "Stress concentrations due to countersunk holes in adhesively bonded bi-layered aluminum subjected to tensile loading." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/5027.
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The adhesively bonded layered aluminum is used in aircraft structures to avoid knife edge situations when flush head fasteners are used with minimum gage skins. Due to the countersunk hole and adhesive bonding, stress flow becomes more complicated. Extensive knowledge of the different parameters that affect the behavior of the bonded joints with countersunk holes is essential for dependable and effective design. A 3-D finite element model was used to estimate the location and magnitude of stress concentration under remote tension for the aforementioned problem.
The influence of the various parameters on stress concentration was investigated for a counter sunk angle of 100º. Different parameters such as ratio of young‟s modulus of adhesive to aluminum, position of adhesive layer, countersunk sunk depths, ratio of thickness to radius and ratio of width to radius have been addressed in this study.
The stress flow varies significantly when the plates are filled with fasteners of different pre-tension loads. Also the effects of pre-tension loading were compared for the cases of open hole and fastener filled hole without pre-tension for bonded, monolithic and straight shank hole. The results obtained from the finite element analysis for the monolithic cases have been validated against those reported in literature.Thesis (M.S.)--Wichita State University, College of Engineering, Dept. of Aerospace Engineering.
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Alvarez, Gloria Amelia. "Evaluation of the Ability of Adhesives to Substitute Nails in Wooden Block Pallets." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99422.
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The most common fastening technique that is used to connect the components of wooden pallets together are helically or annularly threaded pallet nails. Pallet nails create a strong durable connection and increase manufacturing efficiency for a low cost. However, nails can also cause iron staining, wood splitting, and when exposed can cause product damage or personnel injury. Using adhesives could be a solution to these problems, but only if the adhesives� strength and durability is comparable or higher than nails. The objective of the study was to investigate the tensile and shear strength of pallet connections secured using commercially available wood adhesives and compare their performance to pallet connections secured using common pallet nails.
The lowest pre-compression pressure resulted in the best tension and shear performance for a solvent based construction adhesive (SBCA). The pre-compression pressure did not have any practical effect on the performance of the two-part emulsion polymer isocyanate (EPI) adhesive. Samples made with the solvent based construction adhesive (SBCA) had greater strength and energy at failure than nailed samples. Meanwhile, the samples made with the two-part emulsion polymer isocyanate (EPI) adhesive had equal or greater strength than nailed samples, except for during the tension parallel to the grain tests in which they had equal or lower strength.MS
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Pomacóndor, Hernández César Alberto 1982. "Efeito da clorexidina na resistência de união entre adesivo autocondicionante e dentina." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288154.
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Orientador: Mario Fernando de GoesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Na tentativa de prolongar a durabilidade da união resina-dentina, a clorexidina aparece como uma alternativa para preservar a integridade do componente colágeno não envolvido pela camada híbrida. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da clorexidina na interação entre o adesivo autocondicionante de dois frascos Adper SE Plus (3M ESPE) e a dentina nas variáveis: a) resistência de união (RU) após 1 dia, 3 meses e 6 meses de armazenamento em água, e b) padrão de fratura. Foram obtidos oito terceiros molares humanos recém extraídos e livres de cárie. O esmalte oclusal e a raiz foram removidos para obter um bloco de dentina de 4mm de espessura com uma superfície plana em dentina média. Cada bloco foi cortado longitudinalmente em duas metades resultando em oito hemiblocos para cada um dos Grupos Controle (C) e Experimental (CHX). Para o Grupo Controle, o Adper SE Plus foi aplicado seguindo as instruções do fabricante: 1 - aplicação do Líquido A, 2 - aplicação ativa do Líquido B por 20s, 3 - leve jato de ar comprimido durante 10s, 4 - aplicação de uma segunda camada de Líquido B, 5 - leve jato de ar comprimido. O adesivo foi fotoativado durante 10s usando a unidade de luz visível Elipar Freelight 2 (3M ESPE) com intensidade de 900 mW/cm2. Para o Grupo Experimental, foi realizado o mesmo procedimento substituindo o Líquido A por uma solução aquosa de digluconato de clorexidina a 2% em peso. Foram construídos blocos de resina composta Filtek Z250 (3M ESPE) sobre a dentina em seis incrementos de 1mm sendo fotoativados durante 20s cada. Depois de 24 horas de armazenamento em água destilada a 37°C, os hemiblocos restaurados foram seccionados perpendiculares à região adesiva nos sentidos mesiodistal e bucolingual e obtidos de 8 a 10 palitos de 0,9mm2 (±0,2mm2), os quais foram divididos aleatoriamente em três grupos de 2 a 4 palitos cada e avaliados após 1 dia, 3 meses e 6 meses de armazenamento em água destilada a 37°C. Para o teste de microtração cada palito foi submetido à tração sob velocidade de 0,5mm/min em uma máquina de ensaios universais. Os valores de RU foram submetidos à Análise de Variância de dois fatores para medidas repetidas (?=0,05), e os padrões de fratura classificados em Microscópio Eletrônico de Varredura. O Grupo Controle apresentou valores de RU estatisticamente não diferentes entre si após 1 dia, 3 meses e 6 meses de armazenamento (46,43±11,46 MPa; 50,02±13,84 MPa; 45,18±17,92 MPa, respectivamente). Os valores de RU do Grupo Experimental também resultaram estatisticamente não diferentes entre si nos mesmos tempos de armazenamento (37,22±10,45 MPa; 47,29±12,67 MPa; 40,22±10,01 MPa, respectivamente). Não houve diferença estatística nos valores de RU entre os Grupos Controle e Experimental. Houve predominância de padrões de fraturas coesiva no adesivo, e mista coesiva no adesivo e na resina composta em ambos os grupos e em todos os tempos de armazenamento. Dentro das condições deste estudo, conclui-se que a RU à dentina do Adper SE Plus não diminuiu com o tempo, e não foi negativamente afetada pela clorexidina a 2%
Abstract: In the search for durability of resin-dentin bond, chlorhexidine appears as an alternative to preserve integrity of collagen component not involved by the hybrid layer. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chlorhexidine in the interaction between two-bottle self-etching adhesive Adper SE Plus (3M ESPE) and dentin, in terms of bond strength (BS) after 1 day, 3 months and 6 months of water storage, and fracture mode analysis. Eight fresh caries-free human third molars were obtained. The occlusal enamel and roots were removed to obtain a 4mm-thick dentin block with a flat surface in middle dentin. Each dentin block was cut longitudinally into halves resulting in eight hemi-blocks for each of the Control (C) and Experimental (CHX) Groups. For the Control Group, Adper SE Plus was applied following the manufacturer's instructions: 1 - application of Liquid A, 2 - active application of Liquid B for 20s, 3 - gentle compressed air stream for 10s, 4 - application of a second layer of Liquid B, 5 - gentle compressed air stream. The adhesive was light cured for 10s using light unit Elipar Freelight 2 (3M ESPE) with a minimum intensity of 900 mW/cm2. For the Experimental Group, it was performed the same procedure replacing the Liquid A with a solution of 2 wt% chlorhexidine digluconate. Resin composite build-ups were constructed with Filtek Z250 resin composite (3M ESPE) in six increments of 1mm and were light cured for 20s each. After 24 hours storage in distilled water at 37°C, restored hemi-blocks were sectioned perpendicular to the adhesive region in mesiodistal and buccolingual directions and were obtained 8 to 10 beams of 0.9mm2 (±0.2mm2), which were randomly divided into three groups of 2 to 4 beams and evaluated after 1 day, 3 months and 6 months of storage in distilled water at 37°C. For the microtensile test, each beam was tested on tensile until failure at a crosshead speed of 0.5mm/min in a universal testing machine. The BS values were subjected to two-way repeated measures ANOVA (?=0.05), and fracture mode classified in Scanning Electron Microscope. The Control Group had BS values not statistically different from each other after 1 day, 3 months and 6 months of storage (46,43±11,46 MPa; 50,02±13,84 MPa; 45,18±17,92 MPa, respectively). The BS in the Experimental Group also resulted not statistically different from each other at the same times of storage (37,22±10,45 MPa; 47,29±12,67 MPa; 40,22±10,01 MPa, respectively). There was no statistical difference in BS values between Control and Experimental Groups. There was a predominance of cohesive failure within adhesive resin, and mixed cohesive failure within adhesive resin and resin composite in both groups at all storage times. Under the conditions of this study, it can be concluded that BS of Adper SE Plus to dentin did not diminish with time, and was not adversely affected by 2% chlorhexidine
Mestrado
Materiais Dentarios
Mestre em Materiais Dentários
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Maenosono, Rafael Massunari. "Resistência de união à dentina de sistemas adesivos irradiados com laser de diodo: estudo in vitro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25148/tde-03092013-152838/.
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A irradiação LASER sobre os sistemas adesivos aplicados em dentina, antes de sua fotoativação, tem sido proposta para aumentar a resistência de união de restaurações adesivas. O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito da irradiação com LASER de Diodo (λ = 970nm) sobre diferentes sistemas adesivos na resistência de união imediata à dentina. Oitenta molares humanos hígidos foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em 8 grupos (n=10) de acordo com o sistema adesivo: MP (Adper™ ScotchBond Multi-Purpose Plus - convencional não simplificado), SB (Adper™ SingleBond 2 - convencional simplificado), CSE (Clearfil™ SE Bond - autocondicionante não simplificado), EO (Adper™ EasyOne - autocondicionante simplificado); e respectivos grupos irradiados com LASER de Diodo (SiroLaser, Sirona Dental). Para avaliar a resistência de união foi realizado teste de microtração, obtendo-se valores em MPa, posteriormente analisados através de ANOVA a 2 critérios, seguido de Tukey para comparações individuais e múltiplos testes t (p<0,05) para comparações entre CONTROLE e LASER do mesmo sistema adesivo. Os valores de resistência de união ± desvio padrão para os grupos sem e com irradiação com LASER foram respectivamente: MP (40,10±10,95 / 35,82±7,17), SB (33,49±6,77 / 43,69±8,15), CSE (43,71±15,71 / 37,95±7,66) e EO (19,67±5,86 / 29,87±6,98). A irradiação com LASER de Diodo provocou um aumento da resistência de união obtida pelos sistemas adesivos SB e EO, mostrando-se uma técnica promissora na obtenção de uma adesão mais efetiva de sistemas adesivos simplificados ao substrato dentinário.LASER irradiation on adhesive systems before it`s activation has been proposed to increase bond strength of composite restorations to dentin. The objective was to evaluate the effect of Diode LASER irradiation (λ = 970nm) on different adhesive systems on immediate bond strength to dentin. Eighty healthy human molars were randomly distributed in 8 groups (n=10) according to the adhesive system: MP (Adper™ ScotchBond Multi-Purpose Plus, non simplified etch and rinse), SB (Adper™ SingleBond 2 simplified etch and rinse), CSE (Clearfil™SE Bond non simplified self-etch), EO (Adper™ EasyOne simplified self-etch); and respective groups irradiated with Diode LASER (SiroLaser, Sirona Dental). Microtensile test was performed obtaining bond strength values in MPa whice were analyzed by two way ANOVA, followed by Tukey for individual comparisons and multiple t test (p<0.05) for evaluation of CONTROL and LASER groups with the same adhesive systems. Bond strength values ± standard deviation for groups without and with LASER irradiation were respectively: MP (40.10±10.95 / 35.82±7.17), SB (33.49±6.77 / 43.69±8.15), CSE (43.71±15.71 / 37.95±7.66) and EO (19.67±5.86 / 29.87±6.98). Irradiation with Diode LASER resulted in an increase of SB and EO bond strength values, being considered a promising technic to obtain an improved adhesion of simplified adhesive systems to dentin substrate.
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Cruz, Adriana Regina. "Efeito da variação dos parâmetros de potência e energia por pulso na resistência de união à dentina de sistema adesivo irradiado com laser de diodo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25148/tde-31032017-212418/.
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O uso do laser previamente à polimerização de sistemas adesivos aplicados sobre a dentina tem sido proposto para melhorar a resistência de união à dentina. O objetivo foi avaliar o efeito da variação da potência (P) e da energia por pulso (Ep) na resistência de união à dentina de um sistema adesivo convencional irradiado com laser previamente à fotoativação. Duzentos terceiros molares foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em 10 grupos (n=20) sendo um grupo sem irradiação (Controle) e nove grupos irradiados com laser de Diodo (970 nm) (SiroLaser - Sirona Dental Systems - Benshein, Alemanha), de acordo com a potência (P) e energia por pulso (Ep) utilizados: 1 - 0,5W/0,05J; 2 - 0,5W/0,08J; 3 - 0,5W/0,1J; 4 - 0,8W/0,05J; 5 - 0,8W/0,08J; 6 - 0,8W/0,1J; 7 - 1W/0,05J; 8 - 1W/0,08J; 9 - 1W/0,1J. Em todos os grupos fez-se o condicionamento com ácido fosfórico, aplicação do sistema adesivo convencional de dois passos AdperTM Single Bond 2 (3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, EUA) e restauração com resina composta Z250 (3M). Para avaliar a resistência de união foi realizado teste de microtração obtendo-se os valores em MPa. Os resultados foram analisados pelo ANOVA a dois critérios, seguido de Dunnett t (p < 0,001) para comparação entre os grupos. Os grupos irradiados foram avaliados pelo ANOVA a um critério, seguido dos testes de comparações múltiplas Bonferroni e Tamhane. Os valores de resistência de união ± desvio padrão de todos os grupos foram, respectivamente: 0 - Controle (34,60±10,76); 1 - (19,62±8,65); 2 - (27,56±9,20); 3 - (30,34±7,92); 4 - (23,31±5,96); 5 - (20,93±7,46); 6 - (24,67±8,59); 7 - (23,61±7,04); 8 - (25,94±6,82) e 9 - (21,48±3,59). O laser de Diodo influencia na resistência de união entre os grupos irradiados e não irradiado. A potência de 0,5W e energia por pulso de 0,1J influenciam positivamente nos valores de resistência de união quando o sistema adesivo é irradiado previamente a sua fotoativação.The use of the laser prior to polymerisation of adhesive systems applied to the dentin has been proposed to improve the bond strength of dentin. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the variation of the output power (P) and pulse energy (Ep) on bond strength to dentin irradiated of conventional adhesive system with laser. Two hundred third molars were randomly distributed in 10 groups (n = 20): a group without laser irradiation (group control) and nine groups irradiated with diode laser (970 nm) (SiroLaser Sirona Dental Systems-Benshein, Germany), according to the output power (P) and pulse energy (Ep): 1 - 0,5W/0,05J; 2 - 0,5W/0,08J; 3 - 0,5W/0,1J; 4 - 0,8W/0,05J; 5 - 0,8W/0,08J; 6 - 0,8W/0,1J; 7 - 1W/0,05J; 8 - 1W/0,08J; 9 - 1W/0,1J. It was used in all groups etching with phosphoric acid, application of conventional adhesive system AdperTM Single Bond 2 (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) and restoration with composite resin Z250 (3M). Microtensile test was performed obtaining bond strength values in MPa. Results were analyzed by two-ways ANOVA test, followed by Dunnett t (p < 0.001) for comparison between groups. The groups laser irradiated were assessed by one-way ANOVA test and subsequent t test with Bonferroni and Tamhane corrections. Bond strength values ± standard deviation for the groups were, respectively: 0 group control (34.60 ± 10.76); 1 - (19.62 ± 8.65); 2 - (27.56 ± 9.20); 3 - (30.34 ± 7.92); 4 - (23.31 ± 5.96); 5 - (20.93 ± 7.46); 6 - (24.67 ± 8.59); 7 - (7.04 ± 23.61); 8 - (25.94 ± 6.82) and 9 - (3.59 ± 21.48). The Diode laser influences on bond strength between irradiated and without irradiated groups. The output power 0.5W and energy per pulse 0.1J influence positively in the bond strength values when the adhesive system is irradiated prior to their light curing.
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Guzmán, Sierpinski Liz Marie [UNESP]. "Avaliação in vitro da resistência de união em dentina irradiada com o laser de Er:Yag, mediante a aplicação de diferentes sistemas adesivos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89674.
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guzmansierpinski_lm_me_arafo.pdf: 1201858 bytes, checksum: 539d83858e78947f655c7f5c650b9e93 (MD5)O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência que o laser de Er:YAG exerce sobre a resistência de união do material restaurador ao substrato dentinário, associando-se a diferentes sistemas adesivos. Para isto foram avaliados 30 molares humanos livres de cárie divididos em três grupos experimentais, utilizando o laser de Er:YAG com uma energia de 260 mJ/10Hz e três grupos controles, em que foram aplicados os seguintes tratamentos: G1) laser, ácido fosfórico a 37%, Excite/Vivadent; G2) controle, ácido fosfórico a 37%, Excite/Vivadent; G3) laser, sistema adesivo Prompt L-pop/Espe; G4) controle, Prompt L-pop;/Espe; G5) laser, ácido fosfórico a 37%, Single Bond/3M; G6) controle, ácido fosfórico a 37%, Single Bond/3M. Todas as amostras foram restauradas com a resina composta Tetric Ceram/Vivadent, termocicladas em 550 ciclos e cortadas, obtendo-se espécimes de mais ou menos 1mm,2 para serem levados a uma Máquina de Testes Universal onde foi realizado o ensaio de microtração. Os tipos de fraturas ocorridos foram analisados mediante microscopia óptica digital e as fraturas mais representativas foram levadas à microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os resultados mostraram que o sistema laser de Er:YAG apresentou as menores médias de tensão de ruptura, independente do sistema adesivo utilizado. O sistema adesivo Prompt l-pop mostrou resistência adesiva estatisticamente menor em relação aos outros sistemas adesivos estudados. Não houve diferença estatística entre os sistemas adesivos Single Bond e Excite. A maior parte das fraturas encontradas para todos os grupos foram do tipo adesiva.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of the laser Er:YAG to the junction resístance between the tooth surface and the restorative material , using different adhesives . For this study were used 30 human healthy molars, divided in three experimental groups and three control groups. The experimental groups were exposed to a laser of Er:YAG with 260 mJ/10Hz of energy. The six groups were: G1) laser, phosforic acid at 37%, Excite/ Vivadent. G2) control, phosforic acid at 37 % , Excite/ Vivadent. G3) laser, adhesive system Prompt L-pop/ Espe. G4) control, adhesive system Prompt L-pop/ Espe. G5) laser, phosforic acid 37% , Single Bond/ 3M. G6) control, Single Bond/ 3M. All the teeth were restored with the composite Tetric Ceram/ Vivadent. Then thermocycled 550 times and cut in specimens of 1mm2. In these specimens was made a test of micro tensile bond strength in a Universal Test Machine. The fractures were analyzed in a digital optical microscope, and more representative fractures were then analyzed in a electronic microscope. The results revealed that the groups treated with laser Er:YAG presented less tensile bond strengh, independently to the adhesive system used. The adhesive Promp 1-pop presented less tensile bond strengh compared to the other adhesives evaluated. There no was difference between the groups of Single Bond and Excite. The fractures more commun were the adhesive type.
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Ahid, Fernando Jorge Mendes [UNESP]. "Influência do tipo de tratamento superficial na força adesiva do reparo com resina composta em materiais estéticos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101395.
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ahid_fjm_dr_arafo.pdf: 2008823 bytes, checksum: b18425083f7a068d5e614b10728f967b (MD5)Avaliou-se a influência do tipo de tratamento da superfície de materiais estéticos no processo de adesão do reparo com resina composta, por meio do teste de cisalhamento. Foram preparados 360 corpos-de-prova, sendo 120 em cerâmica, 120 em resina composta e 120 em cerômero os quais receberam 06 tipos de tratamentos de superfície a saber, ponta diamantada (GT1C), ponta diamantada e silano (GT1S), jato abrasivo (GT2C), jato abrasivo e silano (GT2S), ácido hidrofluorídrico (GT3C) e ácido hidrofluorídrico e silano (GT3S). O adesivo do Sistema Scotchbond Multipurpose Plus, silano e resina composta Z100 foram aplicados sobre a superfície e os corpos-de-prova armazenados à temperatura de 37oC, por 24 horas, ciclados e novamente armazenados, para em seguida serem cisalhados. A análise estatística dos resultados mostrou que não houve diferença estatística na resistência adesiva dos reparos em resina composta e cerômero, porém, para o material cerâmico, o silano foi eficiente para aumentar a resistência para os tratamentos mecânicos T1 e T2, entretanto, o T3, com ou sem silano, apresentou resistência maior. Os tipos de fraturas foram 100% coesiva do substrato (CS). A microscopia mostrou superfícies com características diferentes para cada material e tratamento superficial. Concluindo os valores de resistência adesiva para a cerâmica sofreram influência do tipo de tratamento e que estes não influenciaram os materiais resinosos.
The influence of the types of the surface treatment in esthetic materials in adhesive process, was evaluaed through shear strength test. The samples were constructed and polished, that received the treatment with diamond bursh (GT1C), and silane application (GT1S), jet of abrasive air (GT2C), and silane application (GT2S), hydrofluoric acid gel (GT3C) and silane application (GT3S). The adhesive of Scotchbond Multiporpose Plus System, the silane and Z100 composite resin were applied on this surface and the whole resin/substract was stored to the temperature of 37o.C, for 24 hours. They were thermocicled, stored again and tested in tension. The static analyses of results showed there is not difference in adhesive resistence of repair between composite resin and ceromero, however in ceramic, the silane increased the resistance in T1 and T2. The T3 group silanated and non silanated was observed increase of resistance. The types of fractures that occurred were 100% cohesive. Scanning electronic microscopy analysis revealed different surfaces in differentes estetic materials and diferents types de surface treatments. The present study showed that adhesive resistence of ceramic repair were affected for the type of surface treatment. However the type of surface tratment didn't affected the adhesive resistence of other materials.
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Wagner, Till Jakob Wenzel. "Elastocapillarity : adhesion and large deformations of thin sheets." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/244939.
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This thesis is concerned with the deformation and adhesion of thin elastic sheets that come into contact with an underlying substrate. The focus of this work is on the interplay between material and geometric properties of a system and how this interplay determines the equilibrium states of sheet and substrate, particularly in the regime of geometrically nonlinear deformations. We first consider the form of an elastic sheet that is partially adhered to a rigid substrate, accounting for deflections with large slope: the Sticky Elastica. Starting from the classical Euler Elastica we provide numerical results for the profiles of such blisters and present asymptotic expressions that go beyond the previously known, linear, approximations. Our theoretical predictions are confirmed by desktop experiments and suggest a new method for the measurement of material properties for systems undergoing large deformations. With the aim to gain better understanding of the initial appearance of blisters we next investigate the deformation of a thin elastic sheet floating on a liquid surface. We show that, after the appearance of initial wrinkles, the sheet delaminates from the liquid over a finite region at a critical compression, forming a delamination blister. We determine the initial blister size and the evolution of blister size with continuing compression before verifying our theoretical results with experiments at a macroscopic scale. We next study theoretically the deposition of thin sheets onto a grooved substrate, in the context of graphene adhesion. We develop a model to understand the equilibrium of the sheet allowing for partial conformation of sheet to substrate. This model gives phys- ical insight into recent observations of ‘snap-through’ from flat to conforming states and emphasises the crucial role of substrate shape in determining the nature of this transition. We finally present a theoretical investigation of stiction in nanoscale electromechanical contact switches. Our model captures the elastic bending of the switch in response to both electrostatic and van der Waals forces and accounts for geometrically nonlinear deflections. We solve the resulting equations numerically to study how a cantilever beam adheres to a fixed bottom electrode: transitions between free, pinned and clamped states are shown to be discontinuous and to exhibit significant hysteresis. The implications for nanoscale switch design are discussed.
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Xu, Shengmin, and Peiwei Tan. "Glued timber connections : Experimental and numerical study of tension behavior under various influencing parameters." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för maskinteknik (MT), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-45371.
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Glued connections are relatively new in structural timber engineering. They are expected to show high connection stiffness as well as a high connection strength compared to mechanical connections e.g. dowel‐type connections.The main aim of this thesis is to characterize the behavior of glued timber connections under pure tension by conducting experiments as well as numerical simulations. Hereby the influence of different parameters is studied such as the geometry (bond-line length and thickness) and the material properties (e.g. adhesives of highly diverse stiffness). Additionally, reference tests on a dowel-type connection are made. The purpose is to see the differences between dowelled and glued connections and to see if there are some advantages in using glued timber connections (the base geometry was chosen acc. to Eurocode 5).Finite element models were created in the software ABAQUS. The models were used to predict the connection stiffness and compare this to the experimental results. In addition, parametric studies were performed on e.g. overlapping lengths. The comparison between experiments and simulations showed good agreement.It was found that glued connections with the adhesives SikaPower-4720 and SikaFast-5215 NT (an epoxy and an acrylate, respectively) had higher stiffness than the dowel connections, whereas connections with the silicone adhesive SikaSil SG-500 had a lower stiffness. A general conclusion drawn from this work is that the glued timber connections simulated in this project should also be suitable for application to complex connections and situations involving other loading situations than pure tension.
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Tian, Yuan TIAN. "How to Measure Work of Adhesion and Surface Tension of Soft Materials." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1523295919890025.
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Baneyx, Gretchen W. "The role of mechanical tension in fibronectin matrix assembly /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8059.
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Cilli, Renato. "Contribuição do glutaraldeído como componente de sistemas adesivos dentinários." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25131/tde-04102007-102024/.
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Neste trabalho foram testadas as seguintes hipóteses nulas: 1) Não há diferença entre os valores de resistência de união entre resina restauradora e dentina quando uma solução aquosa de glutaraldeído é aplicada como primer dentinário antes do emprego do agente adesivo; 2) Não há diferença entre os valores de resistência de união, quando a aplicação do mesmo sistema adesivo se dá em condições de dentina úmida ou seca. Dentes humanos foram selecionados, e tiveram sua porção oclusal desgastada, expondo a parte média da dentina coronária para adesão. Quatro grupos foram formados, variando-se a aplicação ou não do primer de glutaraldeído e a condição de umidade dentinária: úmida ou seca. Após aplicação e fotopolimerização do sistema adesivo experimental, foram confeccionados blocos resina composta de 4mm de altura sobre a superfície oclusal e os dentes foram preparados para o teste de microtração para a avaliação da resistência de união. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância a um critério e teste de Tukey (\'alfa\'\'=0,05). A aplicação do primer de glutaraldeído aumentou significativamente os resultados de resistência de união. Não houve diferença estatística entre o mesmo sistema experimental se aplicado em dentina seca ou úmida. A hipótese 1 não se confirma e aceita-se a hipótese 2.This work tested the following null hypothesis: 1) There is no difference between resin-dentin bond strengths when a glutaraldehyde primer solution is applied onto demineralized dentin during adhesive bonding. 2) There is no difference between resin-dentin bond strengths when the same experimental adhesives systems are applied whether in dry or wet demineralized dentin conditions. Human, extracted upper third molars were selected. The oclusal surfaces were ground flat, and midcoronal dentin was exposed for bonding. Four groups of six teeth were formed. Two groups were designated for dry dentin technique and two for the wet one. After application and photopolymerization of the bonding system, a 4 mm-high resin core build-up was fabricated over the adhesive layer. Specimens were then prepared for microtensile bond test for bond strengths evaluation. The obtained data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test (\'alpha\'=0.05). Glutaraldehyde primer application significantly improved resin-dentin bond strength. No significant difference was observed when the same experimental adhesive system was applied whether in dry or wet dentin conditions. Such results require to reject the first null hypothesis and accept the second one.
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Borges, Boniek Castillo Dutra. "Efeito da aplicação de fosfopeptidio de caseina-fosfato de calcio amorfo (CPP-ACP) associada ao protocolo adesivo na resistencia de união de um selante de fossulas e fissuras." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288860.
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Orientador: Flavio Henrique Baggio AguiarDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar, in vitro, o efeito da aplicação de uma pasta contendo fosfopeptídeo de caseína - fosfato de cálcio amorfo (CPP-ACP) (MI Paste - MI) previamente ao protocolo adesivo na resistência da união de um selante resinoso de fóssulas e fissuras ao esmalte dental humano. Foram utilizados 98 espécimes de esmalte proximal de terceiros molares totalmente erupcionados, divididos em 14 grupos experimentais (n=7): G1/G8- condicionamento ácido (CA) (Scotchbond Etchant), sem a aplicação de sistema adesivo; G2/G9- CA + resina hidrófoba de um sistema adesivo convencional de três passos (Scotchbond Multipurpose Plus); G3/G10- CA + sistema adesivo convencional de dois passos (Single Bond 2); G4/G11 - CA + sistema adesivo autocondicionante de passo único (Clearfil S3 Bond); G5/G12- CA + sistema adesivo autocondicionante de dois passos (Clearfil SE Bond); G6/G13- sistema adesivo autocondicionante de dois passos; G7/G14- adesivo autocondicionante de passo único. MI foi aplicada previamente ao protocolo adesivo apenas nos grupos de G1 a G7. Após selamento das superfícies (FluroShield), foram confeccionados blocos retangulares (palitos) (~0,7mm2 de área seccional) para o ensaio de microtração. O teste foi efetuado imediatamente após confecção das amostras por meio da Máquina de Ensaio Universal, na velocidade de 0,5 mm/min. Após, o padrão de fratura foi analisado por meio de Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV). Os valores de resistência da união foram analisados por meio de ANOVA dois fatores com parcela subdividida. A aplicação da pasta contendo CPP-ACP previamente aos sistemas adesivos convencionais e àqueles autocondicionantes sem condicionamento ácido prévio aumentou os valores de resistência da união. Houve predomínio de fraturas mistas nos grupos que receberam MI Paste, ao passo que, naqueles em que não se aplicou MI Paste a maior prevalência foi de fraturas adesivas. O contato do esmalte com CPP-ACP anteriormente à aplicação dos sistemas adesivos é um método eficaz para aumentar a resistência de união entre esmalte e selantes de fóssulas e fissuras.
Abstract: This study evaluated the effect of applying a casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) containing paste (MI Paste - MI) previously to adhesive procedures on the microtensile bond strength of a pit and fissure sealant to human enamel in vitro. Ninety eight fragments were obtained from proximal surfaces of totally erupted third molars. Specimens were divided into 14 experimental groups (n=7): G1/G8- phosphoric acid conditioning (PA) (Scotchbond Etchant) and no adhesive system; G2/G9- PA + hydrophobic resin of a three step adhesive system (Scotchbond Multipurpose Plus); G3/G10- PA + etch-and-rinse two-step adhesive system (Single Bond2); G4/G11- PA + all-in-one adhesive (Clearfil S3-Bond); G5/G12- PA + two-step self-etching adhesive system (Clearfil SE-Bond); G6/G13- all-in-one adhesive; G7/G14- two-step self-etching adhesive system. MI was applied on the enamel before adhesive strategies only for groups from G1 to G7. After sealing (FluroShield), beams with approximately 0.7 mm2 of sectional area were cut for microtensile test, which was executed trough a universal test machine at a speed of 0.5 mm/min. Fractured specimens were analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy to determine failure modes. Bond strength data was statistically analyzed by two-way ANOVA with subparcels. Groups which MI was applied on the enamel followed by sealant bonding with etching-and-rinse and self-etching adhesives without additional enamel acid etching presented higher means than other which MI was not applied. Higher frequency of cohesive failures was observed for groups with MI, while adhesive fractures were more prevalent in groups without MI. Applying a CPP-ACP containing paste before adhesive systems to the enamel is an effective method to increase bond strength of the sealant tested.
Mestrado
Dentística
Mestre em Clínica Odontológica
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Pezzini, Maristela Maria Galina. "Resistência à microtração de dois cimentos resinosos autocondicionantes em função do tipo de substrato dental e tempo de armazenagem em água." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290062.
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Orientador: Simonides ConsaniTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O objetivo neste estudo foi comparar a resistência de união a microtração de dois cimentos resinosos autocondicionantes (Rely X U100 - 3M ESPE e Multilink - IVOCLAR-VIVADENTE) em função do tipo de substrato dental (dentina oclusal e esmalte vestibular) e tempo de armazenagem em água (24 horas, três e seis meses). Foram utilizados sessenta terceiros molares humanos, não cariados, extraídos e armazenados em solução de formalina a 10% por um período de 14 dias ...Observação: O resumo, na íntegra poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: The objective of this study was to compare the microtensile bond strength of two self-etching resin cements (Rely X U100 - 3M ESPE and Multilink - Ivoclar-Vivadent) according to the dental substrate (dentin and enamel occlusal) and storage time on water (24 hours, 3 and 6 months). We used sixty thirds molars, not decayed, extracted and stored in formalin solution 10% for a period of 14 days ...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic digital thesis or dissertations
Doutorado
Materiais Dentarios
Doutor em Materiais Dentários
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Stark, Logan Riekio. "Adhesion and Durability of Coatings on Polypropylene Exterior Sidings." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2011. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/665.
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Plastics have become a universal material for use in a myriad of commercial and consumer products. One such product, exterior siding, is the focus of this project. Although siding products were originally made from wood, vinyl siding, which offered superior performance, was introduced in the 1950’s. More recently, polypropylene (PP) siding has been introduced; PP provides a stronger product, which allows for deeper patterns and better edge detailing. PP siding, compared to traditional wood siding, doesn’t warp, crack, or degrade as easily with extended exposure to the elements, and is cheaper to maintain. However, even plastic siding must be coated. The requirements of a coating for siding are good adhesion, durability, and a suitable appearance. However, polypropylene, like many plastics, has a low surface energy, making wetting and coating adhesion difficult.
One of the many ways to increase the surface energy of polypropylene, thus increasing wettability and adhesion, is plasma treatment. The primary focus of this project was to study how plasma treatment improved adhesion of a water-reducible coating. This coating represented a product used in commercial siding. The surface tension of the panels was increased from ~30 dynes/cm to 60+ dynes/cm with plasma treatment. This increased the adhesion of the coating to the polypropylene panel from virtually no adhesion to almost perfect adhesion. Adhesion was tested according to ASTM D3359, the crosscut adhesion test. Pull-off adhesion testing (ASTM D4541-09) was also conducted, using a Deflesko PosiTest AT-A automatic adhesion tester. The average force needed to remove a dolly from a plasma treated panel was 233 ± 47 psi (1,605 ± 325 kPa), compared to 92 ± 26 psi (634 ± 179 kPa) for non-treated and corona treated panels.
The sponsor of the project provided Cal Poly with 16 different compositions of polypropylene containing different amounts of UV stabilizers, adhesion promoters, and lubricants. The effect of substrate composition on coating adhesion and performance was measured. Crosscut adhesion testing results revealed all polypropylene compositions improved from virtually no adhesion to perfect adhesion after plasma treatment. Pull-off adhesion testing revealed the adhesion force of all compositions improved from less than 100 psi to greater than 200 psi. One polypropylene composition, Category 16, resulted in unusually high pull-off forces. This composition was investigated using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and FT-IR spectroscopy. XPS was used to examine the surface composition between non-treated and plasma treated PP panels. It was observed that plasma treatment provides a larger amount of oxygen species and nitrogen when compared to untreated panels. The category 16 panels did not reveal any significant surface differences compared to the category 7 panels (which represented the standard production material). FT-IR spectroscopy of the category 16 panels also showed no unusual characteristics.
The secondary focus of this project was to study the durability of coated, plasma treated polypropylene siding. Accelerated weathering testing was conducted on 12 of the 16 different compositions of polypropylene. Changes in gloss and the LAB colorspace of coated, plasma treated polypropylene panels of different compositions, upon exposure to long-term weathering conditions, were monitored via ASTM G53 using a Q-Panel lab product QUV/se weathering tester. After 2400 hours, all PP compositions tested shared negligible changes in color, but the gloss of each category panel showed a steady increase.
An approach to improve durability of siding is to apply a clearcoat over already coated PP panels. This approach was tested in a limited manner by adding a clearcoat to coated, plasma treated polypropylene panels. These panels were then exposed to a variety of common, household cleaning agents using a modified double rub test (ASTM D4752 and ASTM D5402). The samples with a clearcoat showed improved cleaning agent resistance compared to samples without the clearcoat.
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Zeeshan, Muhammad. "Tensile Strength of Bonded Lap-mitered Butt-Joints between Layered CFRP Bands : -In collaboration with RUAG Space AB." Thesis, KTH, Lättkonstruktioner, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-172209.
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Joints in structures always cause strength reduction. The percentage of strength reduction depends upon the selection of several factors such as: type of joint (i.e. adhesive or mechanical), technique of joint (i.e. lap joint, butt joint etc.), geometry of joint, mode of load application etc. Here in this research, the strength of adhesively bonded butt joints with several geometries, later referred as joint angles, is investigated under uniaxial tension loading. Adhesively bonded simple butt joints, where joints are placed perpendicular to the loading direction are in common practice mainly because of ease in manufacturing process. But when the joint is fabricated with an angle respective to the loading direction, the geometry of the joint itself affects the strength of the joint significantly. Without going too deep into other factors that affects the joint strength such as manufacturing techniques, manufacturing defects, material behavior etc. only the geometry of the joint is considered and it is evaluated whether it is worth to change the joint geometry or not. The significant issue in adhesive joint technology is the prediction of joint strength. However, an approach similar to plastic yield criterion later referred as elastic limit offset method (attempted for 0.025% offset) is considered to estimate the linear elastic limit. Since RUAG Space AB (the industry for which this project is performed) is only interested in the linear elastic regime of the stress-strain curve, therefore the elastic limit offset method is considered to be the suitable one. The present work is concerned with the study of adhesively bonded angled butt joint vs. strength behavior. The strength of adhesively bonded butt joints is examined for several butt joint angles under uniaxial tensile loading. The employed butt joint angles are: 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 75°. The main objective of the current investigation is to find the joint angle that has the highest strength or the highest capability of load transfer. In addition to the above, the influence of the joint on the stress field, joint strength and type of failure is also evaluated using DSP (Digital Speckle Photography) technique and simulated using well known finite element tool, ABAQUS. It is observed that specific strength of the joint is greatly influenced with joint angle. The 45° joint showed the highest elasticity and failed like ductile behavior whereas 75° joint showed the lowest elasticity and failure was purely brittle. Moreover, post-failure inspection of fractured surfaces showed cohesive failure (failure within adhesive layers) for 0°, 30°, 45° and 60°whereas 75° showed composite or adherend failure. The simulation is performed for each joint angle. However to validate the model only 45° and 75° joints results are compared with experimental results and plotted in the report. The simulation results of these angles showed good agreement with the experimental ones. Moreover, the stress fields for each joint angle are captured (from ABAQUS), showing that all joints are susceptible to inter-laminar shear. Besides, the relative slip between the top and middle adherends is also calculated, the results show that, the 45° joint has higher tendency of relative slip than others.
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Calixto, Abraham Lincoln. "Análise "in vitro" da resistência adesiva de resinas compostas em cavidades de classe II, através do teste de microtração. Efeito de diferentes técnicas restauradoras /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101402.
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Orientador: Maria Salete Machado CândidoBanca: Osmir Batista de Oliveira Júnior
Banca: José Roberto Cury Saad
Banca: Paulo Sergio Quagliato
Banca: João Carlos Gomes
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar in vitro a resistência adesiva, em cavidades de classe II, restauradas com resinas compostas, através do teste de microtração . Foram realizadas cavidades padronizadas, de classe II, tipo slot, nas superfícies mesial e distal de 24 dentes terceiros molares humanos e hígidos. Os dentes foram aleatoriamente divididos em 6 grupos com 16 espécimes cada. O procedimento restaurador foi realizado através de técnica de incrementos múltiplos com as resinas compostas P60 (compactável) e Z250 (multiuso), sob efeito de diferentes técnicas restauradoras, a saber: Grupo PT1- adesivo + P60 ; Grupo PT2- adesivo + P60 + ponta fotocondensadora transparente; Grupo PT3- adesivo + flow + P60; Grupo ZT1- adesivo + Z250; Grupo ZT2- adesivo + Z250 + ponta fotocondensadora transparente; Grupo ZT3- adesivo + flow + Z250. O sistema adesivo utilizado foi o Single Bond (3M ESPE). Após as restaurações, os dentes foram armazenados em água destilada em estufa a 37°C, durante 24 horas. A seguir, os dentes foram termociclados por 500 ciclos (5°-55°) e então, seccionados paralelamente ao longo eixo com disco diamantado, no sentido vestíbulo - lingual e mesio - distal, obtendo-se amostras em forma de palitos, com área de secção transversal de 0,50mmøl0,1mmø . Antes do teste de tração, os palitos tiveram suas áreas de união medidas e anotadas, e então, foram fixados pelas suas extremidades ao dispositivo de microtração com um adesivo instantâneo e a seguir, submetidos ao ensaio de tração em máquina de testes universal (MTS) operada a velocidade de 0,5mm/min. Após a fratura, os valores de resistência adesiva foram calculados e expressos em MPa. O modo da fratura no lado de dentina foi classificada individualmente, com lupa estereoscópica com aumento de 40X. Os dados foram submetidos a análise estatística e demonstrou... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The aim of this work was to analyse in vitro of the tensile bond strength in class II cavities, recuperated with composite resins, throught the microtensile bond test. Standardized cavities were prepared, slot type , in the surfaces mesial and distal of 24 humans molars teeth third and health. The restorations procedures were carried out using the technique of multiple increments with P60 and Z250 resin. The teeth were randoly divided in to 6 groups of 16 specimens each, to know: Group PT1- adhesive+P60; Group PT2- adhesive+P60+ transparent photocondenser point; Group PT3-ahesive+flow+P60; Group ZT1-adhesive+Z250; Group ZT2- adhesive+Z250+ transparent photocondenser point; Group ZT3- adhesive+flow+Z250. The adhesive system were utilized Single Bond (3M/ESPE). After the restorations, the teeth were storage in destilled water for 24h at 37°C. After were thermocycled for 500 cycles at preset temperatures of 5° and 55°C, and the teeth were sectioned with a diamond disc, perpendicularly to the adhesive interface in buccal-lingual an mesio-distal directions, being obtained samples in sticks form with cross-sectional areas of 0,5 mmø. Before testing sticks had their measured and logged union areas. The specimens were then attached to a testing apparatus and tensile load was applied by universal machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5mm/min. After the fracture values of the tensile bond strenght were calculated and expressed in MPa. The dentin surfaces surfaces was examined with aid of glass magnifying stereoscopic with 40X, being verifield the way of failures. The results were submitted statistical analysis showed : 1- the largest values of shear bond strenght went to the group PT2, wich associated the resin P60 with the point photocondenser transparent; 2- the groups that you/they the resin flow didn't present... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)
Doutor
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Guzmán, Sierpinski Liz Marie. "Avaliação "in vitro" da resistência de união em dentina irradiada com o laser de Er:Yag, mediante a aplicação de diferentes sistemas adesivos /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89674.
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Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência que o laser de Er:YAG exerce sobre a resistência de união do material restaurador ao substrato dentinário, associando-se a diferentes sistemas adesivos. Para isto foram avaliados 30 molares humanos livres de cárie divididos em três grupos experimentais, utilizando o laser de Er:YAG com uma energia de 260 mJ/10Hz e três grupos controles, em que foram aplicados os seguintes tratamentos: G1) laser, ácido fosfórico a 37%, Excite/Vivadent; G2) controle, ácido fosfórico a 37%, Excite/Vivadent; G3) laser, sistema adesivo Prompt L-pop/Espe; G4) controle, Prompt L-pop;/Espe; G5) laser, ácido fosfórico a 37%, Single Bond/3M; G6) controle, ácido fosfórico a 37%, Single Bond/3M. Todas as amostras foram restauradas com a resina composta Tetric Ceram/Vivadent, termocicladas em 550 ciclos e cortadas, obtendo-se espécimes de mais ou menos 1mm,2 para serem levados a uma Máquina de Testes Universal onde foi realizado o ensaio de microtração. Os tipos de fraturas ocorridos foram analisados mediante microscopia óptica digital e as fraturas mais representativas foram levadas à microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os resultados mostraram que o sistema laser de Er:YAG apresentou as menores médias de tensão de ruptura, independente do sistema adesivo utilizado. O sistema adesivo Prompt l-pop mostrou resistência adesiva estatisticamente menor em relação aos outros sistemas adesivos estudados. Não houve diferença estatística entre os sistemas adesivos Single Bond e Excite. A maior parte das fraturas encontradas para todos os grupos foram do tipo adesiva.Abstract: The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of the laser Er:YAG to the junction resístance between the tooth surface and the restorative material , using different adhesives . For this study were used 30 human healthy molars, divided in three experimental groups and three control groups. The experimental groups were exposed to a laser of Er:YAG with 260 mJ/10Hz of energy. The six groups were: G1) laser, phosforic acid at 37%, Excite/ Vivadent. G2) control, phosforic acid at 37 % , Excite/ Vivadent. G3) laser, adhesive system Prompt L-pop/ Espe. G4) control, adhesive system Prompt L-pop/ Espe. G5) laser, phosforic acid 37% , Single Bond/ 3M. G6) control, Single Bond/ 3M. All the teeth were restored with the composite Tetric Ceram/ Vivadent. Then thermocycled 550 times and cut in specimens of 1mm2. In these specimens was made a test of micro tensile bond strength in a Universal Test Machine. The fractures were analyzed in a digital optical microscope, and more representative fractures were then analyzed in a electronic microscope. The results revealed that the groups treated with laser Er:YAG presented less tensile bond strengh, independently to the adhesive system used. The adhesive Promp 1-pop presented less tensile bond strengh compared to the other adhesives evaluated. There no was difference between the groups of Single Bond and Excite. The fractures more commun were the adhesive type.
Orientador: Sizenando de Toledo Porto Neto
Coorientador: Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato
Banca: Osmir Batista de Oliveira Júnior
Banca: Alberto Magno Gonçalves
Mestre
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Baric, Marina. "The effects of accelerated aging on optical components : Application to vehicle camera systems." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-159828.
Full textAbstract:
Companies providing products have many requirements, both from standards and customers, that they need to comply with in order to be able to sell their product. Veoneer AB is a leading automotive machine vision supplier, providing mono, stereo, night vision and driver monitoring systems consisting of both electronic, mechanical and optical components. These systems have to withstand certain environmental tests in order to assure the lifetime of the totalsystems. Since the life time is usually several years accelerated tests are used that correspond to a few weeks ormonths. The tests used at Veoneer are specified for electronic equipment and what Veoneer does not know today is ifthe accelerated environmental tests stated for electronic equipment are relevant for the optical component of the visionsystem. In this master thesis project two different accelerated environmental tests, dry and damp heat, have been chosen inorder to investigate the effect of temperature and relative humidity on the adhesive in the optical component connecting the sensor and lens. The optical components where characterized by measurement of focus position and mechanicalstrength. Different combinations of temperature and relative humidity where chosen in order to compare the effect of different stress levels but also for the purpose of deriving parameters needed for accelerated testing models such as theArrhenius, Eyring, Lawson and Peck model. Amongst the results from this thesis work is the focus shift measurement which follows the same trend as seen in previous research regarding the effect of temperature and relative humidity on adhesives. With an exponentialdistribution being seen in different directions for the respective stresses. Pull tests show a greater degradation withhigher stress levels, where one test case shows the greatest degradation. Calculations regarding activation energy and constants for models match previous research where one model, combining temperature and relative humidity, showssimilar values as found in literature. Calculations also show that standard accelerated life time tests overexpose adhesives due to calculations of test times with lower activation energies.
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Austen, Katharina [Verfasser], and Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Fässler. "Measuring mechanical tension across the focal adhesion protein talin-1 / Katharina Austen. Betreuer: Reinhard Fässler." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1112465499/34.
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