Journal articles: 'Adhesive tensile'

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Karpiesiuk, Jacek, and Tadeusz Chyzy. "The effects of various parameters on the strengths of adhesives layer in a lightweight floor system." Open Engineering 10, no. 1 (June 10, 2020): 443–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2020-0057.

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AbstractThe article presents the results of shear and tensile strength of deformable cement adhesives, reinforced by fiberglass mesh with a different weight in a lightweight floor system without screeds. The substrate under adhesive was EPS and XPS thermal insulation. Tests were carried out in dry, wet conditions as well as during freezing and thawing. On their basis, it can be concluded that the larger contact surface of the EPS thermal insulation with the deformable adhesive C2S1 increases the adhesive’s tensile strength. This surface is not important using C2S2 adhesives or when the substrate is made from rough insulation XPS. It was generally found that the higher weight of the fibreglass mesh in deformable cement adhesives has a more favorable effect on their shear strength. Water absorption does not significantly affect the adhesion of terracotta, and in some configurations of components in this system increases it. The adhesive with the symbol C2S2 compared to C2S1 has a higher tensile and shear strength using the same materials. Frost conditions do not allow for long-term use of this type of floor construction in snow and ice protection systems. This experimental research shows that an economical solution with optimal strength consists of XPS insulation, 205 g/m2 mesh, C2S1 adhesive.

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Yokoyama, T. "Experimental determination of impact tensile properties of adhesive butt joints with the split Hopkinson bar." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 38, no. 3 (April 1, 2003): 233–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/030932403765310563.

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The tensile strength and energy absorption of adhesive butt joints at high rates of loading are determined with a tensile split Hopkinson bar using a cylindrical specimen. A commercially available single-component cyanoacrylate adhesive (instantaneous adhesive) and two different adherend materials are used in the adhesion tests. The impact tensile strength of the cyanoacrylate adhesive butt joints is determined from the applied tensile stress history at failure initiation. The impact absorbed energy is obtained by numerical integration of dynamic tensile load-adhesive deformation data. Comparative tension tests at low and intermediate rates of loading are performed on an Instron testing machine. An axisymmetric finite element analysis is carried out to investigate the stress distributions in the adhesive layer of the cyanoacrylate adhesive butt joints. The effects of loading rate, adherend material and adhesive layer thickness on the tensile strength and energy absorption of the cyanoacrylate adhesive butt joints are examined in detail. It is shown that the joint tensile strength increases significantly with increasing loading rate and is greatly affected by both the adhesive layer thickness and the adherend materials. The limitations of the technique are discussed.

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Oliveira, Simone Gomes Dias de, Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez, Carine Tais Welter Meereis, Josiane Kuhn Rutz, Ricardo Alfredo Carrillo-Cotto, Cesar Henrique Zanchi, Rafael Guerra Lund, and Evandro Piva. "A new method for evaluating the retentive efficacy of different denture adhesives." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 17 (December 11, 2018): e181357. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v17i0.8654218.

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Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate a new method for measuring the retention values of different denture adhesives. Methods: The adhesive strength values of three different commercial denture adhesives (Corega powder, Corega adhesive tape and Ultra Corega cream) were evaluated using three different moisturizing agents (distilled water, artificial saliva and natural saliva). The adhesive test was performed on a universal testing machine, after applying the adhesive products to acrylic resin specimens, under two different test conditions (wetting or dipping). Tensile bond strength values in MPa were obtained for each denture adhesive presentation and test condition. Viscosity of the denture adhesives mixed with the different moisturizing agents was determined using a rotary rheometer. Maximum viscosity values were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test. Tensile bond strength data was analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and the Tukey’s test. Pooled data of each denture adhesive presentations for all test conditions was also carried out. Correlation between viscosity and pooled tensile strength values was analyzed through linear regression analysis. A significance level of α=0.05 was set for all analyses. Results: Results showed that statistically higher adhesion strength was obtained with tape and cream adhesives when using natural saliva as moisturizing agents (p<0.05). The adhesive strength values obtained with the dipping method were similar to those obtained with the conventional wetting method. The denture retention strength was influenced by both the denture adhesive type and moisturizing agent used. Conclusion: The dipping method showed to be a reliable test capable to simulate the oral conditions and should be better explored in further studies.

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Clerc, Gaspard, Thomas Lüthi, Peter Niemz, and Jan Willem G. Van de Kuilen. "Reaction kinetics investigation in relation to the influence of humidity on fatigue behavior of wood lap joints." Holzforschung 74, no. 9 (September 25, 2020): 865–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf-2019-0136.

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AbstractIt is generally assumed that the properties of wood against fatigue are good, but little is known about the properties of adhesively bonded wood, which represents today most of the wood-based products. Lap-shear samples glued with three common wood adhesives [two ductile one-component polyurethane (1C-PUR) systems and one brittle phenol resorcinol formaldehyde (PRF) adhesive] were tested under cyclical loads at three different climates [20°C, 35% − 50% − 85% relative humidity (RH)]. For the analysis of data, an empirical model based on reaction kinetics was developed. In addition, a probabilistic model was used to estimate the endurance limit and the expected run-out lifetime. Both models were combined to accurately model fatigue at high and low relative stress intensity. It was shown that ductile 1C-PUR adhesives perform better than the brittle adhesive system under dry climates (35%–50% RH). However, for higher RH, the brittle PRF adhesive showed better performance, most probably due to a better wood-adhesive adhesion in wet climate. An average endurance limit for tensile shear stresses between 20% and 48% of the mean tensile shear strength (TSS) was estimated for the tested adhesives. It was shown that the model parameters could be linked to fundamental physical constants through the reaction kinetics approach; however, further research is needed to correlate these parameters to specimen-specific quantities.

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Grundmann, Neele, Hauke Brüning, Konstantinos Tserpes, Tim Strohbach, and Bernd Mayer. "Influence of Embedding Fiber Optical Sensors in CFRP Film Adhesive Joints on Bond Strength." Sensors 20, no. 6 (March 17, 2020): 1665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20061665.

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The increasing utilization of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) in the aeronautical industry calls for a structural health monitoring (SHM) system for adhesively bonded CFRP joints. Optical glass fiber with inscribed fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) is a promising technology for a SHM system. This paper investigates the intrusive effect of embedding optical glass fibers carrying FBGs on adhesive bond strength and adhesive layer thickness and quality. Embedding the optical glass fibers directly in the adhesive bond has the advantage of directly monitoring the targeted structure but poses the risk of significantly reducing the bond strength. Optical glass fibers with different cladding diameters (50, 80, 125 µm) and coating types (polyimide, with a thickness of 3−8 µm, and acrylate, with a thickness of ~35 µm) are embedded in structural and repair film adhesives here. Without embedded optical glass fibers, the film adhesives have an adhesive layer thickness of ~90 µm (structural) and ~100 µm (repair) after curing. The intrusive effect of the fiber embedding on the adhesive bond strength is investigated here with quasi static and fatigue single lap joint (SLJ) tensile shear tests. Also, the influence of hydrothermal aging procedures on the quasi static tensile shear strength is investigated. It is found that optical glass fibers with a total diameter (glass fiber cladding + coating) of ~145 µm significantly reduce the quasi static tensile shear strength and increase the adhesive layer thickness and number of air inclusions (or pores) in the structural film adhesive joints. In the repair adhesive joints, no significant reduction of quasi static tensile shear strength is caused by the embedding of any of the tested fiber types and diameters. However, an increase in the adhesive layer thickness is detected. In both adhesive films, no effect on the quasi-static tensile shear strength is detected when embedding optical glass fibers with total diameters <100 µm. The applied aging regime only affects the repair film adhesive joints, and the structural film adhesive joints show no significant reduction. A polyimide-coated 80 µm optical glass fiber is selected for fatigue SLJ tensile shear tests in combination with the more sensitive structural film adhesive. No significant differences between the S-N curves and tensile shear fatigue strength of the reference samples without embedded optical fibers and the samples carrying the polyimide-coated 80 µm optical glass fibers are detected. Thus, it is concluded that the influences of embedding optical glass fibers with total diameters <100 µm on the fatigue limit of the tested film adhesive joints is negligible.

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Imanaka, Makato, Yusuke Fukuchi, Waichiro Kishimoto, Kozo Okita, Hideaki Nakayama, and Hiroyoshi Nagai. "Fatigue Life Estimation of Adhesively Bonded Lap Joints." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 110, no. 4 (October 1, 1988): 350–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3226061.

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This paper describes a method of estimating the fatigue life of adhesively bonded lap joints on the basis of the stress analysis in adhesive layer with finite element method. First, cyclic tensile fatigue tests were conducted for adhesively bonded lap joints with different lap length and adhesive layer thickness. The results were evaluated from the viewpoint of the maximum values of both tensile and shear stress obtained numerically, instead of the apparent stress. Then these standardized fatigue strength were compared with those of adhesively bonded butt joints of a thin wall tube under cyclic tensile and fully reversed torsional load conditions. The results indicate that fatigue strength of lap joints evaluated from the maximum tensile stress of the adhesive layer agrees well with the fatigue strength of adhesively bonded butt joints of thin wall tube under cyclic tensile load condition. It is confirmed that fatigue strength of lap joints can be estimated adequately based on the fatigue strength of the butt joint of thin wall tube and the numerical results for the stress state of adhesive layer.

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Sheng, Li. "Influence of Nano Materials on the Properties of Epoxy Resin Structural Adhesives." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 1227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.1227.

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Nano SiO2 is employed in this research to modify the epoxy resin structural adhesives, and the law how different volumes of nano material influence the tensile and adhesive properties is studied. The experimental results indicate that incorporation of Nano SiO2 improves the tensile and adhesive properties of structural adhesives, yet if its volume fraction exceeds 5%, the modified result is undeniable. Moreover, high-temperature processing of structural adhesives will achieve better properties.

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Sun, Lei, and Wenjun Yi. "Analysis of the Influence of Shrinkage Tensile Stress in Potting Material on the Anti-Overload Performance of the Circuit Board." Sensors 21, no. 7 (March 26, 2021): 2316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21072316.

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In this article, the influence of shrinkage tensile stress in potting materials on the anti-overload performance of a circuit board was studied. Firstly, the phenomenon of shrinkage tensile stress in common potting materials was analyzed, and it was found that the commonly used potting adhesives displayed large shrinkage characteristics. Secondly, a small experiment was set up to verify that the shrinkage tensile stress of potting adhesives would lead to printed circuit board (PCB) deformation, and the shrinkage stress was contrary to the acceleration direction of overload. Thirdly, the influence of potting adhesives on the overload resistance of the PCB was analyzed. However, the shrinkage tensile stress in the potting adhesive weakened the anti-overload ability of the circuit board. When there was a small amount of expansion stress in the potting adhesive, the overload resistance of the circuit board could be partially increased. From the analysis, it is indicated that a material with a certain expansion property, elasticity, and dense structure should be selected as the potting adhesive. This article provides a reference for improving the overload resistance of electronic devices.

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Maćkowiak, Paweł, Dominika Płaczek, and Agnieszka Sołtysiak. "Mechanical properties of Methacrylic Plexus MA300 adhesive material determined in tensile test and butt joints of aluminum thick plates." MATEC Web of Conferences 290 (2019): 01007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929001007.

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Adhesive joints are an alternative method of joining elements. New adhesives achieve cohesion and adhesion strength comparable with plastics used for structural components and coatings. Bonding is faster, simpler and cheaper. For this reason, adhesive joints are increasingly replacing other types of connections. Tests show that the material properties in the cast adhesive specimens differ from the ones determined in the joint. Adhesive producers most often describe the strength of the overlap joint tested in accordance with ASTM D1002. Strength, modulus of elasticity and elongation to break tested in accordance with ASTM D638 are reported less frequently. The article presents a method for determining the mechanical properties of the adhesive in a butt joint and differences in the determined values in relation to the cast specimens on the example of methacrylic adhesive Plexus MA300. The tests were carried out for joining aluminium rod with a square cross-section of 15 mm x 15 mm and adhesive layer thickness of approximately 1 mm. The fractures of cast specimens and butt joints were analyzed.

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Jung, J. W., and J. Carlos Santamarina. "Hydrate adhesive and tensile strengths." Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems 12, no. 8 (August 2011): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2010gc003495.

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Izzawati, Basirom, M. Afendi, S. Nurhashima, A. Nor, A. R. Abdullah, R. Daud, and M. S. Abdul Majid. "Strength of Adhesive T-Joint in Granulator Fluidization Bed at Elevated Temperature." Materials Science Forum 819 (June 2015): 443–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.819.443.

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This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on mechanical characterization of adhesive T-joint in granulator fluidization bed at elevated temperature. This research aims to explore the suitability of adhesive bonding between stainless steel plate and perforated plate to replace plug weld in granulator fluidization bed. For this purpose, T-joint and bulk specimens were prepared for tensile loading tests, at different temperature. Measurement of the temperature-dependent of the tensile strength was conducted using thermostatic chamber attached to a universal testing machine for a range from room temperature to 100°C. The strength of adhesive T-joint decreases for temperatures over than 35°C. This is because at high temperature, the failure is determined by the changes of mechanical properties of adhesive. The results have shown that the strength of adhesive T-joint was affected by both temperature and bondline thickness. The objective of the present study was to examine a series of adhesively-bonded T-joints in tension at elevated temperatures between room temperature and 100°C having various bond thicknesses.

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Xie, Jian Jun, Kai Huang, Qing Xin Yao, and Chu Ding. "Preparation and Properties of the Underwater Curing Epoxy Adhesives*." Advanced Materials Research 580 (October 2012): 564–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.580.564.

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The epoxy adhesive is prepared according to the optimal formula of the orthogonal experiment, and its curing properties, the dynamic mechanic parameters, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR) and the thermogravimetric analysis(TGA) are measured. And its shear adhesive strength is about 22.0MPa, its tensile strength is about 12.50MPa and its charpy impact strength is 9.41kJ/m2. The result of TGA and dynamic mechanic analysis(DMA) test have shown that the thermal stability of the epoxy adhesive is good before 335°C and its weight retention ratio is more than 90% and Tg≈50°C. By exploring the experiments, the tensile adhesive strength of the dumbbell sample in the concrete for the underwater curing epoxy adhesives is more than 2.26~2.98MPa. Epoxy resins have many excellent properties of mechanics and adhesion. By suitable modification of the epoxy resins, they have widely been applied for the leakage proofing in the underground and the submarine tunnel; the repairing and reinforcing of the dikes, dams and bridges; the repairing of the mechanical, electrical and chemical equipments[1]. Since1960’s, the underwater curing epoxy adhesives are developed and a great many works are done[2-10], for example, α-cyanoacrylate adhesive, the organosilicone adhesive, the urethane adhesive. But the open literatures abroad are few[11]. Zhang et al[12] investigated systematically the viscosity, reavtivity, mechanic and adhesive properties of the underwater curing epoxy adhesives for different curing agent systems, However, these studies concentrate on the laboratory results on the sheet steel piece, and the experimental testes on the damp and underwater concrete samples have not been seen up to now. This paper tried to explore the experiments on the damp and underwater concrete samples and obtained some good results based on the laboratory development on the sheet steel pieces.

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Fathanah, Umi, and Sofyana Sofyana. "Pembuatan Papan Partikel (Particle Board) dari Tandan Kosong Sawit dengan Perekat Kulit Akasia dan Gambir." Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan 9, no. 3 (June 1, 2013): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.23955/rkl.v9i3.783.

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The need of wood as one of raw materials in furniture industry keeps increasing. One of efforts to reduce wood consumption is to develop research by creating composite design from material that contains sellulose to be particle board. Particle board is one of material alternatives that can be wood substitute. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of natural-adhesive-mixture composition (acacia bark and gambier) with oil-palm-empty bunch toward mechanical property of particle board. Characterization of particle board was carried out by undertaking mechanical property testing (tensile strength and compressive strength) under wet and dry conditions. Composition variations of adhesive and oil-palm-empty bunch were 30:70; 40:60; 50:50; 60:40; 70:30. Making process of particle board is carried out by mixing oil-palm-empty bunch and adhesive with addition of 2% para-formaldehyde and water as much of 10%. Furthermore, the mixture is compressed by using Hot Press at temperature of 150oC and pressure of 10 kg/cm2 for 15 minutes. The research result indicates that the higher the adhesive composition (either adhesives of acacia bark or gambier), particle board resulted is better. In dry condition, values of the tensile strength of particle boards that have acacia bark adhesive and gambier adhesive have range of 84.2 - 104 Kgf/cm2 and 83.4 - 81.5 kg/cm2, respectively. Whereas, values of compressive strength of particle boards that have adhesives of acacia bark and gambier are in the range of 6.8 - 10.5 kg/cm2 and 6.3 - 9.3 kg/cm2, respectively. The values of tensile strength and compressive strength are obtained on compositions of adhesive: oil-palm-empty bunch ≥ 40:60, and they have fulfilled satandard of SNI 03-2105-1996. The values of tensile strength and compressive strength of particle board in wet condition, either adhesives of acacia bark or gambier, have not fulfilled standard of SNI 03-2105-1996.Keywords: empty-bunch-oil palm, acacia bark, gambier, particle board, tensile strength

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Valášek, Petr, and Miroslav Müller. "Possibilities of Adhesives Filling With Micro-particle Fillers – Lap-shear Tensile Strength." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 64, no. 1 (2016): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201664010195.

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An adhesive bonding can be ranged among technologies of materials bonding which are used in all industrial branches. It plays its important role also in an area of the construction of agricultural machines, e.g. tractors, harvestors etc. Utility properties of adhesives can be extended by using various types of fillers. These fillers increase some mechanical characteristics of adhesives and not last they can decrease resultant price. The paper focuses on a possibility to fill the adhesives showing increased lap-shear tensile strength. These adhesives are used e.g. for adhesive bonding of coach bodies in an automotive industry so that is why it is possible to apply them also in the agricultural area. Laboratory experiments describe the lap-shear tensile strength of rigid adherents which were bonded with adhesives with a variable concentration of micro-particle filler – a glass powder. T-test used for a comparison of the shear strength of the bonds created with the adhesives with 5 vol.% of the glass powder did not evidence a statistically significant difference comparing with the unfilled adhesives. This priece of knowledge opens a possible way of a material usage of the glass powder in the area of the adhesive bonding.

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Xu, Xiaoyun, Wenfeng Hu, Qinfei Ke, Honggang Liu, Juan Li, and Yi Zhao. "Bio-adhesives from unfolded soy protein reinforced by nano-chitosan for sustainable textile industry." Textile Research Journal 90, no. 9-10 (November 7, 2019): 1094–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517519886560.

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Biodegradable adhesives from nano-chitosan-reinforced unfolded soy protein have been fabricated to potentially reduce environmental pollution and drive a sustainable textile industry. The weak adhesion strength and poor water stability of soy protein films limit their use in the textile industry. In this work, the influence of sodium-dodecyl-sulfonate on unfolding of soy protein, and the reinforcement effects of nano-chitosan on the tensile properties of unfolded soy protein adhesives were investigated. The results demonstrate that the bio-adhesives developed had 157% and 85% increments on tensile strength and water stability compared with unmodified soy protein. Also, dry and wet strength of the pulp/viscose wet-laid nonwovens were increased 43% and over 100% after adhesion, indicating that modified soy protein shows promise for use as a textile bio-adhesive for sustainable industry.

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Hotta, Genj, Yoshifumi Ohbuchi, and Hidetoshi Sakamoto. "Study on Nondestructive Inspection Method of Single-Lap Adhesive Joints to Eliminate the Influence of Inspector's Behavioral Characteristics." Key Engineering Materials 774 (August 2018): 283–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.774.283.

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In this study, we conducted a tensile shear test according to JIS K 6850 for a simple superposed adhesive joint, and as a result, it was found that the expected adhesive strength can be obtained only when cohesive failure occurs. The surface enlarged length was measured from a micrograph that observes the surface texture of the boundary between the adhesive and the adherents, and it was found that cohesive failure occurred when the length was longer than a certain length. Surface enlarged length is a new way of thinking. It measures the length of the ridgeline of the unevenness in the microscopic photograph of the surface roughness. By doing so, we can quantitatively determine the effective adhesive length. Effective adhesion length is the length of adhesion of the adhesive as viewed microscopically. We can know the adhesive effect by examining the effective adhesive length. Therefore, we found the relationship between the surface enlarged length (= effective adhesion length) of the bonding interface of the simple superposed adhesive joint and the adhesive strength. Then, it was verified whether adhesion strength could be predicted by setting the standard surface enlarged length as a threshold. As a result, we developed a nondestructive inspection method that can estimate the failure mode after the tensile test.

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G. KADAM, PRAVIN, and SHASHANK T. MHASKE. "Effect of Nylon-6 Concentration on the Properties of Hot Melt Adhesive Synthesized using Dimer Acid and Ethylenediamine." Material Science Research India 9, no. 2 (December 25, 2012): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/msri/090206.

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Hot melt adhesive synthesized using polymerized fatty acid (PFA) (composition: ~1% trilinoleic acid, ~97% dilinoleic acid and ~2% linoleic acid) and ethylenediamine was blended with nylon-6, in-situ during the synthesis process to improve its performance properties. Nylon-6 was added in concentrations as 5, 10, 15 and 20 phr in the hot melt adhesive. The prepared blends were characterized for thermal (melting temperature, crystallization temperature, enthalpy of melting and enthalpy of crystallization), mechanical (tensile strength, tensile modulus, stiffness, percentage elongation at break and hardness), adhesion (lap shear strength and T-peel strength) and rheological properties. It was found that the viscosity, tensile strength, tensile modulus, stiffness, hardness, melting temperature, enthalpy of melting, crystallization temperature and enthalpy of crystallization increased with increase in concentration of nylon-6 in the hot melt adhesive. But lap shear strength and T-peel strength increased up to 10 phr concentration of nylon-6 above which both started decreasing. Percentage elongation at break decreased with increase in concentration of nylon-6 in the hot melt adhesive. Hot melt adhesive molecules must have oriented themselves about nylon-6, increasing its crystallinity, and thus the strength of the adhesive.

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Wieczorek, Michał. "The effect of fly ash and granulated blast furnace slag on slip and tensile adhesion strength of tile adhesives mortars." MATEC Web of Conferences 322 (2020): 01017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032201017.

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In the formulations of adhesive mortars for tiles almost exclusively CEM I Portland cements are used. Practically no CEM II - CEM V cements with additives are used, although they are often produced with strength classes 32.5 R and some even 42.5R. Relationship between strengths of tile adhesives in which cement was partially replaced with fly ash and granulated blast furnace slag was studied. A fly ash was used in three different replacement levels from 5% to 25% by weight of either cement. The tensile adhesion were determined at 28 and 90 days after various conditioning conditions of the samples. The influence on the flexibility of mortars was also assessed. In small substitution levels, fly ash replacement increased the tensile adhesion strength. The results indicate that the optimal amount of fly ash and granulated blast furnace slag additive replacing a given amount of cement allows to obtain adhesive mortars for tiles with high functional parameters.

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Baş, Gamze S., and Erol Sancaktar. "Mechanical Behavior of Toughened Epoxy Structural Adhesives for Impact Applications." ChemEngineering 4, no. 2 (June 8, 2020): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering4020038.

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The focus of our study is to identify physical properties of different impact-resistant/toughened structural adhesives and identify/develop an elastic-viscoelastic-plastic model as a function of loading rate by using Ludwik-type equations to be able to predict adhesive behavior at higher loading rates and to make cars more crashworthy. For this purpose, we first characterized eight different commercial toughened epoxy structural adhesives to provide detailed information about their constituents using X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer (EDS). Most (but not all) of the model adhesives contained organic tougheners in the form of carboxyl terminated butadiene acrylonitrile (CTBN) copolymer, as well as polyurethane adducts. The main crystalline inorganic phases were found as calcite (CaCO3), wollastonite (CaSiO3) or calcium silicate (CaSiO3), talc (Mg3Si4O10 (OH)2), zeolite which is an alumina silicate based mineral and has many different elements in its composition (M2/nO·Al2O3·xSiO2·yH2O, M can be Mg, Na, Ca, K, Li). The total amount of inorganic fillers was found to be different in each adhesive. Material behavior of the model adhesives were determined via tensile tests and Single Lap Joint (SLJ) tests in shear. Split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) was also used to measure the strain and stress values at higher strain rates in the order of 102 s−1, which is generally encountered in impact related loading situations. Toughness values in the range ~0.5 to ~1.35 MJ/m3 were observed with the model adhesives tested in tensile mode within the ~3 × 10−3 to 0.18 m/m/s strain rate range. The softening behavior of the elastic moduli at higher strain rates observed during tensile testing was also observed with SHPB testing. It is remarkable that, overall, the modulus magnitudes seem to be similar between the tensile test and SHPB specimens within this softening range of the initial bilinear elastic behavior observed. When the results from bulk (tensile) and bonded (shear) specimens were compared, it was clearly seen that the toughness responses of the adhesives to (tensile/shear) strain rates in the bulk and bonded forms, respectively, were different, with the bonded shear toughness values in the ~25 to ~120 MJ/m3 range within ~1.25 to ~25 mm/mm/s shear strain range. The model adhesive which included just inorganic fillers had the lowest tensile toughness at the lowest tensile strain rate, but the highest slope in its tensile toughness regression line, exhibited the second highest bonded shear toughness. When tested at the extension rates of 25 mm/min and 100 mm/min in bonded lap shear, the same adhesive exhibited limited interfacial failure areas, however the dominant failure mode was cohesive failure. When the extension rate increased further, transition to interfacial (adhesive) failure was observed revealing that interfacial failures do not necessarily diminish adhesive bond toughness. Our observations point to the fact that cohesive deformation/failure processes indicating interfacial separations, inter-particle interactions as well as polymer matrix deformation in high deformation loading scenario as in bonded shear loadings may provide the highest toughness. Apparently, a large inorganic filler weight fraction is not necessary to obtain high shear toughness in bonded form since the highest bonded shear toughness was obtained with the adhesive which had the least amount of inorganic fillers among the model adhesives with 14.72 wt %.

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Yang, Yin Huan. "Experimental Study of Effect of Adhesives on Strength of Composites Adhesive Joints." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 2608–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.2608.

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Tension tests on T700/EXOPY unidirectional laminates and 3-D and six-directional braided composites single-lap adhesive joints with different adhesive types under uniaxial tensile loading are performed in the presented paper. Failure modes, strengths and load-displacement curves of two kinds of different adhesive joints are compared and analyzed. According to the experimental results, it is found that the strength of the joints of the smaller adhesive shear strength is less, in contrast, the strength of the joints of the bigger adhesive shear strength is greater, Failure shear strength average is grown 27% relatively. And the starting position of the crack is appeared at the overlap ends, and the whole joint is failed with propagation of the crack.

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Shao, Yong Zheng, Nguyen T. Phong, Kazuya Okubo, Toru Fujii, Ou Shibata, and Yukiko Fujita. "Study on the Effect of Matrix Properties on the Mechanical Performance of Carbon Fabric Composites." Advanced Materials Research 646 (January 2013): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.646.38.

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Carbon fiber (CF) reinforced compositesusing different types of vinylester (VE)resin includingconventional VE resinhave been prepared. The mechanical performance were characterized by different tests, such as tensile, mode-I interlaminarfracture toughness, tension-tension fatigue and scanning electron microscope (SEM).The experimental results showed that the tensile strength of CF/VE composites changed at a wide range from 22.3% to 37.8% in comparison with the CF/conventional VE composite due to resin type, where the strain at failure was varying. The tensile strength increased with an increase of adhesive strength between carbon fiber and VE resin characterized by the microdroplet test. Namely, a good correlation between the tensile strength of composites and the adhesive strength was found. On the other hand, almost an inverse correlation was found between the tensile strength of composites and the interlaminar fracture toughness of composites obtained by DCB (double cantilever beams) tests. There was no apparent correlation found between the strain at failure for pure resins and the tensile strength of composites.Thefatigue life of CF/VE compositesincreased as well as the tensile strength with an increase of the adhesive strength between carbon fiber and the resin. The samples sometime survived 1000 times longer than that of CF/conventional VE compositewhen the maximum cycle stress was 70% of the tensile strength of the strongest composite.

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Charitidis, Panagiotis J. "The Effect of Nanoparticles in Single Lap Joints Studied by Numerical Analyses." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 5, no. 10 (October 30, 2020): 1288–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2020.5.10.2194.

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The present study concerns with the finite element investigation of balanced aluminium single lap joints subjected to tensile loading. Epoxy adhesives were used for bonding having different nanoparticles rate in the epoxy resin (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and to 2 wt. %, respectively). Two-dimensional (2D) finite element analysis has been employed to determine the peeling stress, von Mises stress, and the shear strain distribution across the midplane of the joints. The results mainly prove that the nanoparticles rate in the adhesive material directly affects the joint tensile strength. Nanocomposite adhesives present a higher failure load than that of neat adhesives. Furthermore, nanocomposite adhesive with 0.5 wt. % of nanoparticles generated strengths (shear and peeling strengths) more than neat adhesives, after which decreased by further addition of the nanoparticles.

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Botoaca, Oana, Edwin Sever Bechir, Raluca Monica Comaneanu, Stefania Coman, Mihail Tarcolea, and Laurentiu Dragus. "Preliminary Study on the Tensile Strength of Some Adhesive Materials Used to Luting Brackets." Revista de Chimie 70, no. 1 (February 15, 2019): 84–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.1.6856.

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In our study we compared in vitro the tensile strength of 4 types of adhesive systems used for brackets, two using bonding and two self-etching. The detachment test were made by the Instron� 8801 universal mechanical testing machine, from the Mechanical Testing Laboratory of the Materials Resistance Department, the Faculty of Engineering and Management of Technological Systems, the Polytechnic University of Bucharest. From the experimental results we find that the used adhesives offer good shear resistance. Vertise Flow adhesive used for sample 2, which has the highest shear stress at break (tmax ~ 25 MPa), is clearly highlighted. Vertise Flow is follow by the Orthocem adhesive used for sample 1 with tmax ~ 14 MPa, then the Neobond adhesive used in sample 4 with tmax ~ 13 MPa, and the weakest of the adhesives is Grandio Flow used for sample 3 (tmax ~ 12 MPa). We believe it is necessary to carry out further studies on larger batches of samples to obtain results that can be validated by statistical analysis.

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Noda, Nao-Aki, Hisanori Tottori, Geng Gao, Rei Takaki, Yoshikazu Sano, and Akira Kai. "Development of multi-layered sewer pipe plug — 3rd report: Tensile strength of protective sheet bonded by adhesive." International Journal of Modern Physics B 35, no. 14n16 (May 14, 2021): 2140017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979221400178.

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Since the sewer system in Japan is becoming obsolete, it is, therefore necessary to reinforce or repair without stopping sewer functions by applying a suitable water stopping method. In this study, a multi-layered sewer pipe plug consisting of a protective sheet and inner and outer rubber balls is focused since it can be installed and removed at the construction site in a short time conveniently. Four types of adhesively bonded structures are investigated experimentally by changing bonding processes and adhesives. It is found that the main and base adhesive joint is the most suitable since the pressurized adhesive strength [Formula: see text] MPa is 30% of the standard tensile strength of the protective sheet [Formula: see text] MPa.

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Zhao, Hai Long, Zong Zhan Gao, Zhu Feng Yue, and Zhi Feng Jiang. "Effect of Adhesive Layer’s Voids on Stress Distribution of Adhesively Bonded Joints." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 986–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.986.

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The stress distribution of adhesively-bonded single lap joints under tensile shear loading is analyzed using 2-dimensional elastic-plastic finite element method (FEM). Special attentions have been put on the influence of void in adhesive on the stress distribution of adhesively-bonded joints. The results show that the stress concentration of the void is less than that of the end part of the joints when adhesive layer’s deformation was in the range of elastic. Moreover, the influence of the void on the stress distribution becomes less when the void moving from the end-part to the middle. The stress concentration becomes larger and the stress distribution of adhesive’s mid-thickness region becomes flatter when adhesive layer has biggish plastic deformation. Finite element results show an agreement with the theoretical results.

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Andreopoulos, A. G., and P. A. Tarantili. "Treated Aramid Fibres as Reinforcement for Epoxies." Advanced Composites Letters 3, no. 3 (May 1994): 096369359400300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369359400300303.

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Aramid fibres are chemically treated with methacryloyl chloride in order to improve their adhesion to epoxy resins. Original and modified fibres were characterised by FTIR spectroscopy, optical microscopy and tensile tests. The wettability of fibres was assessed by contact angle measurements. Also, composite specimens were prepared using epoxy resin as a matrix and their tensile characteristics were determined. The microscopic examination of the fracture surfaces of composite specimens tested in tension, shows improvement in adhesive bonding between the chloride treated fibres and the epoxy matrix.

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Devries, K. L., K. C. Gramoll, and G. P. Andersen. "Analysis of adhesive tensile test methods." Polymer Engineering and Science 26, no. 13 (July 1986): 962–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760261308.

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28

Nayif, Maan M. "Ultimate tensile strength of total and self-etch adhesives: Effect of light irradiation distance." Journal of Oral Research S, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17126/joralres.2019.091.

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Objective: To evaluate the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of total and self- etch adhesives irradiated at different distances. Materials and Methods: Sixty cylindrical specimens of 0.78mm diameter and 10 mm length were prepared of two types of adhesive systems total etch Excite DSC (EX – Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) and one-step self-etch Clearfil S3 Bond (S3, Kuraray Medical Inc., Tokyo, Japan). Specimens of each adhesive were divided into three groups according to the light irradiation distance (0, 2, 4mm) (n=10). Each specimen was attached to universal testing machine (Digital Force Gauge, IMADA CO., LTD, Japan) and loaded at cross head speed of 1mm/min until failure. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Independent Student t-test at p< 0.05. Results: Mean UTS for total etch (24.63, 18.19, 17.26 Mpa) and for self-etch (12.68, 8.53, 7.58Mpa) at (0, 2, 4mm) distances. Specimens irradiated directly show significantly the highest UTS while those irradiated at 4mm show the lowest values (p<0.05). Excite DSC total etch adhesive have higher UTS than Clearfil S3 self-etch adhesive regardless of irradiation distance (p<0.05).Conclusions: The UTS of the evaluated adhesives was light irradiation distance and adhesive system dependant.

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Banea, Mariana D., Lucas F. m. Da Silva, Ricardo Carbas, and Silvio De Barros. "Effect of Temperature and Moisture on the Tensile Properties of a TEPs-Modified Adhesive." Materiale Plastice 55, no. 4 (December 30, 2018): 478–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.18.4.5057.

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The main factors that affect the strength of adhesive joints are the exposure to moist environments and high and/or low temperatures. The objective of this paper is to measure the water diffusion in adhesives modified with thermally expandable particles (TEPs) and assess the joint strength of water saturated modified adhesives. Bulk specimens were used to measure the diffusion coefficient of water in a TEPs-modified adhesive. The tensile data as a function of TEPs content, moisture uptake and temperature was measured. It was found that the presence of moisture and the temperature affect the mechanical properties of TEPs-modified adhesive. Further, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis was performed in order to examine the fracture surfaces of the tensile specimens tested as a function of temperature and water uptake. SEM analysis showed that the absorbed moisture and temperature change the fracture mechanisms and the morphology of the specimens.

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Pang, Yan Rong, Ran Liu, Ya Juan Li, Bo Han Lu, Xin Kang Xing, and Wei Zhou. "Acoustic Emission on Adhesively Bonded Single-Lap Joints of Composite Laminate during Tensile Test." Advanced Materials Research 912-914 (April 2014): 441–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.912-914.441.

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Acoustic emission (AE) was used to monitor the tensile test of composites with adhesive specimens. The mechanical response behavior, damage and failure characteristics, and the corresponding AE characteristics of the composites have been investigated. The results show that the load of the join with defect in the adhesive layer is lower than the join with no defect. The higher AE relative energy and the AE amplitude were obtained in the adhesive specimen with defect in the adhesive layer whereas the variation of the AE relative energy is different from the adhesive specimen with on defect. The characteristics such as AE amplitude distribution, relative energy and cumulative hits are connected with the tensile damage and failure of the adhesively bonded single-lap joints of composite laminate. In the actual AE monitoring, these feature parameters should be considered entirely assess the damage and failure of the composites structures.

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Liu, Zhi Lin, Pu Rong Jia, Tao Peng, and Zheng Lan Yao. "Study on Tensile Mechanical Behavior of Composite T-Joints." Advanced Materials Research 1142 (January 2017): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1142.146.

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Based on three kinds of composite T-joints with different connection way for tension test outside the plane, it was obtained contrastively that how the ordinary adhesive, Z-pin reinforcement and stitching reinforcement three different fitting influence tensile strength, damage failure process and failure mode of composite T-joints. The test results showed that compared with ordinary adhesive connection mode, tensile strength of the Z-pin reinforcement and stitching reinforcement T-joints increased by 13.6% and 11.4%, respectively; and the largest deformation increased by 19.2% and 15.1%, respectively. After reaching maximum load condition, the ordinary adhesive T-joints had brittle failures, but Z-pin reinforcement and stitching reinforcement T-joints all showed that the ductile damage behavior, corresponding to the load-displacement curve appeared saw-tooth wave platform. Obviously, the Z-pin reinforcement T-joints had the most significant reinforcement effect on tensile properties of composite laminates T-joints.

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32

Horii, Tsunehito, Hiroyuki Tsujimoto, Susumu Kageyama, Tetsuya Yoshida, Kenichi Kobayashi, Hideki Takamori, Hiroshi Minato, et al. "The usefulness of re-attachability of anti-adhesive cross-linked gelatin film and the required physical and biological properties." Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering 31, no. 6 (December 11, 2020): 351–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/bme-206009.

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BACKGROUND: To overcome the unfavorable issues associated with conventional anti-adhesive HA/CMC film, we developed an anti-adhesive thermally cross-linked gelatin film. OBJECTIVE: We tried to clarify the re-attachability of the film and the required properties concerning the film thickness, stiffness and anti-adhesion effect. METHODS: To determine the optimal thickness, 5 kinds of the thickness of gelatin film and the conventional film were analyzed by the tensile test, shearing test, buckling test and tissue injury test. Finally, using the optimal film thickness, we tried to clarify the anti-adhesion effect of the reattached film. RESULTS: The tensile and shearing test showed gelatin films ≥30 μm thick had greater tensile strength and a smaller number of film fractures, than the conventional film. The buckling and tissue injury test showed gelatin films ≥60 μm thick had higher buckling strength and worse injury scores than the conventional film. The anti-adhesive effect of re-attached gelatin film using optimal thickness (30–40 μm) found the anti-adhesion score was significantly better than that of the control. CONCLUSIONS: Provided it has an optimal thickness, gelatin film can be reattached with enough physical strength not to tear, safety stiffness not to induce tissue injury, and a sufficient anti-adhesion effect.

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Doley, Dhrubajyoti, V. Satheeshkumar, and R. Ganesh Narayanan. "Influence of Wire Reinforcement on the Forming Behaviour of Adhesive Bonded Steel Sheets." Advanced Materials Research 939 (May 2014): 336–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.939.336.

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A method for modifying the properties of adhesives is by the addition of metallic wire strand in fibre form to improve the thermal conductivity for use in electrical applications. Clearly any advantage gained as far as thermal conductivity is concerned should not be counteracted by deficiencies in mechanical properties. In this work, the influence of copper wire reinforcements on the tensile behaviour of adhesive bonded steel sheets will be presented. The adhesive used is a two-part epoxy resin with a mix ratio of 1:1 parts by weight of resin to hardener. Wire strands used are copper wires having a diameter of 0.3 mm. The base materials are made of Stainless Steel. The stress-strain behaviour, and limit strain are evaluated through tensile tests and in-plane plane-strain (IPPS) formability tests. It is found that the ductility and limit strain of adhesive bonded sheets with wire reinforcement are better than that of the case without reinforcement. The ductility and limit strain of wire reinforced adhesive bonded sheets increases till three wires in the case of tensile tests, and four wires in the case of IPPS formability tests, after which it decreases.

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Raffa, Maria Letizia, Raffaella Rizzoni, and Frédéric Lebon. "A Model of Damage for Brittle and Ductile Adhesives in Glued Butt Joints." Technologies 9, no. 1 (March 6, 2021): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/technologies9010019.

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The paper presents a new analytical model for thin structural adhesives in glued tube-to-tube butt joints. The aim of this work is to provide an interface condition that allows for a suitable replacement of the adhesive layer in numerical simulations. The proposed model is a nonlinear and rate-dependent imperfect interface law that is able to accurately describe brittle and ductile stress–strain behaviors of adhesive layers under combined tensile–torsion loads. A first comparison with experimental data that were available in the literature provided promising results in terms of the reproducibility of the stress–strain behavior for pure tensile and torsional loads (the relative errors were less than 6%) and in terms of failure strains for combined tensile–torsion loads (the relative errors were less than 14%). Two main novelties are highlighted: (i) Unlike the classic spring-like interface models, this model accounts for both stress and displacement jumps, so it is suitable for soft and hard adhesive layers; (ii) unlike classic cohesive zone models, which are phenomenological, this model explicitly accounts for material and damage properties of the adhesive layer.

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Kaur, Ramandeep, Manjit Kumar, Shailesh Jain, and Neha Jindal. "Comparative Time-Dependent Evaluation of Dimensional Accuracy of Dies Using Different Tray Adhesives: An In Vitro Study." Dental Journal of Advance Studies 6, no. 02/03 (December 2018): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1677888.

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Abstract Statement of Problem The adhesion of impression material to impression tray is very important. Tray adhesive plays a major role in making accurate impression. Although manufactures recommend the use of particular tray adhesives, comparison of their affective adhesiveness has not been reported. The effect of use of tray adhesives on dimensional accuracy of dies has not been established. Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the dimensional accuracy of dies using different tray adhesives at different time intervals. Materials and Methods First part of study comprised 120 samples in six groups with 20 samples in each group. First group comprised samples with no tray adhesive, and in other five groups, different types of tray adhesives were applied. The dies obtained were evaluated for upper diameter, lower diameter, and occlusogingival height. In the second part, there were a total of 125 samples in five groups with 25 samples in each group. Five different types of tray adhesive were applied for five different time intervals 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 minutes, respectively. The specimens were tested in tensile mode for its debonding force at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min, until separation failure occurred. Results Significant difference was seen for upper and lower diameters when compared with the group without any tray adhesive. The maximum bond strength was found in the group in which tray adhesive was applied for 20 minutes.

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Cheon, Jung-Mi, Seul-Gi Lee, Jae-Hwan Chun, Dong-Jin Lee, Young-Hee Lee, and Han-Do Kim. "Preparation and properties of emulsifier-/NMP-free crosslinkable waterborne polyurethane-acrylic hybrid emulsions for footwear adhesives (II) – effect of dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA)/pentaerylthritol triacrylate (PETA) content." e-Polymers 16, no. 3 (May 1, 2016): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/epoly-2016-0005.

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AbstractStable emulsions (solid content: 38%) of emulsifier-/N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP)-free crosslinkable waterborne polyurethane-acrylic hybrids with a fixed acrylic monomer content (20 wt.%) and different molar ratios (mole%) of dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA)/crosslinkable pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA)(17/23, 22/17, 27/11, 32/5) were successfully prepared. This study examined the effect of mole% of DMPA/PETA on the stability and viscosity of hybrid emulsions, the tensile properties/dynamic mechanical thermal properties of hybrid film samples and the adhesive strengths of formulated adhesives for footwear at both dry and wet states. The tensile strength/modulus, storage modulus and Tgs increased with increasing PETA content. The adhesive strength at dry state increased with increasing DMPA content up to 27 mole%, and then decreased a little. However, the adhesive strength at wet state decreased with increasing DMPA content. The optimum DMPA/PETA contents were found to be 27/11 mole% to achieve high performance adhesive properties.

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Takiguchi, M., S. Izumi, and F. Yoshida. "Rate-dependent shear deformation of ductile acrylic adhesive and its constitutive modelling." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 218, no. 6 (June 2004): 623–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440604774202268.

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Recently, new types of structural adhesive with high ductility, as well as high strength, have been developed and put on the market. Such high ductile adhesives usually have strong rate sensitivity in their flow stress. In order to investigate the rate-dependent deformation behaviour of an acrylic adhesive, tensile lap shear tests were performed at various crosshead speeds at room temperature. Stress relaxation tests were also performed. In the tensile lap shear tests, it was found that the shear flow stress of the adhesive resin increased remarkably with increasing shearing speed. In the stress relaxation tests, the stress decreased rapidly at the early stage, and it gradually approached an asymptotic stress value. In order to describe such rate-dependent deformation characteristics of adhesive resin, a viscoplastic constitutive model is presented in this paper. The shear stress-strain responses, as well as stress relaxation behaviour, predicted by the present model agree well with the corresponding experimental results.

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Yoshida, Tetsuya, Takayuki Oishi, Michihiro Takiguchi, and Fusahito Yoshida. "Viscoplastic Behavior of Acrylic Adhesive in Butt-Joint at Various Temperatures under Complex Loading : Experimentation and Modelling." Key Engineering Materials 340-341 (June 2007): 1485–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.340-341.1485.

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The effects of temperature and strain rate on flow stress of a highly ductile acrylic adhesive were investigated by performing tensile lap shear experiments on an adhesively bonded single-lap joint, as well as torsion experiments on a tubular butt-joint at temperatures ranging from 10 to 40oC at various shear strain rates. The flow stress decreases considerably with decreasing strain rate and with temperature rise. The stress-strain responses under multi-axial stress conditions were also examined by performing combined tension-torsion experiments on the butt-joint. A constitutive model of temperature-dependent elasto-viscoplasticity that describes multi-axial stress-strain behavior of the adhesive is presented.

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SHIMURA, Jyo, and Kenichi HIRASHIMA. "Impact tensile strengths for adhesive scarf joints." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2002.15 (2002): 635–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2002.15.635.

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Sengupta, P. K., A. K. Sinha, S. Samajpati, and S. C. Bag. "Tensile Behavior of Adhesive Bonded Jute Nonwovens." Textile Research Journal 62, no. 8 (August 1992): 457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051759206200804.

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Higher bond rigidity between fiber/binder/fiber complexes in jute nonwovens may be derived from a binder of higher tenacity and higher initial modulus. Hot calendering can remarkably improve tenacity. Deterioration of the mechanical properties in nonwovens of higher web weight is associated with delamination.

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Zhang, Hao, Xiao Chun Li, Ming Zhu, Liang Hong, and Gao Li Chu. "Improvements of the Tensile Strength of Phenolic Resin Adhesive by Surface-Modified Nanocrystalline Cellulose." Advanced Materials Research 1073-1076 (December 2014): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1073-1076.43.

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In this study, the tensile strength of phenolic resin adhesive was reinforced by the use of surface-modified nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). The original NCC was modified by 3-methacryloxy-propyltrimethoxysilane (MPS) to improve the wetting property with the phenolic resin adhesive. The phenolic resin adhesive with surface-modified NCC was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). Tensile strength of the modified phenolic resin adhesive was tested according to Chinese National Standard GB/T 2567-2008. The results showed that the wetting property between NCC modified by MPS and phenolic resin adhesive was increased by 21.7% and the tensile strength of phenolic resin adhesive with modified NCC was enhanced from 6.25 MPa to 15.97 MPa.

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Wei, Kai, Yiwei Chen, Maojun Li, and Xujing Yang. "Strength and Failure Mechanism of Composite-Steel Adhesive Bond Single Lap Joints." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5810180.

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Carbon fiber-reinforced plastics- (CFRP-) steel single lap joints with regard to tensile loading with two levels of adhesives and four levels of overlap lengths were experimentally analyzed and numerically simulated. Both joint strength and failure mechanism were found to be highly dependent on adhesive type and overlap length. Joints with 7779 structural adhesive were more ductile and produced about 2-3 kN higher failure load than MA830 structural adhesive. Failure load with the two adhesives increased about 147 N and 176 N, respectively, with increasing 1 mm of the overlap length. Cohesion failure was observed in both types of adhesive joints. As the overlap length increased, interface failure appeared solely on the edge of the overlap in 7779 adhesive joints. Finite element analysis (FEA) results revealed that peel and shear stress distributions were nonuniform, which were less severe as overlap length increased. Severe stress concentration was observed on the overlap edge, and shear failure of the adhesive was the main reason for the adhesive failure.

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Asngad, Aminah, Santhyami Santhyami, Ardiyana Rahma Pertiwi, and Carissa Rahmitasari. "The utilization of sugarcane bagasse, cassava peels and corn husks in handmade paper production." JPBIO (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi) 6, no. 1 (April 29, 2021): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31932/jpbio.v6i1.800.

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High demands for trees as the raw material of paper can disrupt the stability of the environment. It is necessary to find alternatives from other materials which are more environmentally friendly. This study aims to determine the quality of paper made from combining sugarcane bagasse with cassava peels or with corn husks using PVAc or tapioca starch adhesives. A completely randomized 2 x 2 factorial design with five times replication was used. The parameters tested were the tensile and tear resistance of the paper using a micrometer and a universal testing machine. A sensory analysis from panelists was also conducted. The combination of J1P1 produced a paper with the highest tensile strength (11.30 MPa) and the highest tear strength (1.82 MPa). The combination of J2P2 produced a paper with the lowest tensile strength (10.35 MPa) and the lowest tear strength (1.62 MPa). Variance analysis showed that the type of adhesive used showed a significant result on both tensile and tear resistance but material choices and interaction between materials and adhesive choices was not significantly different from the result on both tensile and tear resistance. Sensory testing shows that the combination of J1P1 was preferred the most. It can be concluded that the combination of J1P1 appeared to be the best combination.Keywords: Handmade paper, sugarcane bagasse, cassava peels, corn husk, PVAc tapioca starch, adhesive

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TAKIGUCHI, MICHIHIRO, TETSUYA YOSHIDA, and FUSAHITO YOSHIDA. "EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND FORMING SPEED ON PLASTIC BENDING OF ADHESIVELY BONDED SHEET METALS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 22, no. 31n32 (December 30, 2008): 6253–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021797920805187x.

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This paper deals with the temperature and rate-dependent elasto-viscoplasticity behaviour of a highly ductile acrylic adhesive and its effect on plastic bending of adhesively bonded sheet metals. Tensile lap shear tests of aluminium single-lap joints were performed at various temperature of 10-40°C at several tensile speeds. Based on the experimental results, a new constitutive model of temperature and rate-dependent elasto-viscoplasticity of the adhesive is presented. From V-bending experiments and the corresponding numerical simulation, it was found that the gull-wing bend is suppressed by high-speed forming at a lower temperature.

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da Costa, JA, A. Akhavan-Safar, EAS Marques, RJC Carbas, and LFM da Silva. "Effects of cyclic ageing on the tensile properties and diffusion coefficients of an epoxy-based adhesive." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 235, no. 6 (February 15, 2021): 1451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420721994871.

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In real practice, adhesively bonded structures are usually exposed to cyclic environmental conditions. However, cyclic ageing processes are relatively unexplored. The aim of this study is to consider the effect of cyclic ageing on the rate of water uptake and the drying process in an epoxy-based adhesive. Fick’s law was considered to estimate the water diffusion coefficients for the ageing and the drying steps at different cycles. Different cyclic ageing times have been considered in the ageing procedure. Dogbone shape specimens were also manufactured and subjected to cyclic aging to investigate the tensile properties of the tested adhesive as a function of aging cycles. The gravimetric results showed that the rate of water uptake and drying is mainly a function of the level of water uptake of the first ageing cycle. Tensile test results showed that the maximum water content increases with each subsequent ageing cycle. It was also found that the Young’s modulus and the tensile strength of the adhesive decreased significantly after the initial ageing cycle, but all subsequent ageing cycles have considerably less influence on the mechanical properties of the adhesive.

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Pérez-Mondragón, Alma Antonia, Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez, Jesús García-Serrano, Nayely Trejo-Carbajal, A. Lobo-Guerrero, and Ana M. Herrera-González. "Adhesive Resins with High Shelf-Life Stability Based on Tetra Unsaturated Monomers with Tertiary Amines Moieties." Polymers 13, no. 12 (June 11, 2021): 1944. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13121944.

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This work reports the use of two monomers with two tertiary amines and four methacrylic (TTME) or acrylic (TTAC) terminal groups as co-initiators in the formulation of experimental resin adhesive systems. Both monomers were characterized by FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopies. The control adhesive was formulated with BisGMA, TEGDMA, HEMA, and the binary system CQ-EDAB as a photo-initiator system. For the experimental adhesives, the EDAB was completely replaced for the TTME or the TTAC monomers. The adhesives formulated with TTME or TTAC monomers achieved double bond conversion values close to 75%. Regarding the polymerization rate, materials formulated with TTME or TTAC achieved lower values than the material formulated with EDAB, giving them high shelf-life stability. The degree of conversion after shelf simulation was only reduced for the EDAB material. Ultimate tensile strength, translucency parameter, and micro-tensile bond strength to dentin were similar for control and experimental adhesive resins. Due to their characteristics, TTME and TTAC monomers are potentially useful in the formulation of photopolymerizable resins for dental use with high shelf-life stability.

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Wei, Andrew, Radu Reit, and Walter Voit. "Investigating thiol-epoxy composites for semiconductor die attach adhesives." MRS Proceedings 1718 (2015): 27–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2015.539.

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ABSTRACTIn this study, thiol-epoxy polymer composites are explored as candidates for high-temperature die attach applications. We present a polymer composite processing technique for die attach adhesives with low cure-stress. Lap shear samples of both a polymer adhesive and current industry adhesives were subjected to tensile testing and die shear strength was compared. At 260 °C, the candidate polymer adhesive exhibited a die shear strength of 0.500 MPa in comparison with 1.35 MPa and 0.258 MPa for two control adhesives. While samples showed less variation in properties in die shear strength between room temperature and 260 °C, the absolute die shear strength values were inferior to commercial adhesives at both room and elevated temperatures. We hypothesize that low cure stress networks, such as the thiol-epoxies presented, provide a compelling choice to engineer new die attach adhesives, but realize that further network refining is needed including the addition of adhesion promoters and other additives, a task better suited to industrial research with a focus in properties optimization.

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Mohd Jasri, Muhammad Azrie Husainy, Mohd Afendi, N. Z. Nik, B. Izzawati, S. Nurhashima, A. Nor, S. Yahud, and N. A. M. Amin. "Tensile Shear Strength of Wood Adhesive from Recycled Polystyrene." Applied Mechanics and Materials 554 (June 2014): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.554.3.

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This paper discloses a method to recycle polystyrene (PS) waste by adding ethanol based hydrocarbons solvent to produce a novel adhesive for wood joining application. In the experiments, tensile shear strength of wood lap joint having various overlap lengths was conducted. It was found that this new adhesive has significant shear strength as compared to commercial wood adhesive. This relatively low cost adhesive has potential to be used for wood joining application especially in marine structures.

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Clauß, Sebastian, Joseph Gabriel, Alexander Karbach, Mathias Matner, and Peter Niemz. "Influence of the adhesive formulation on the mechanical properties and bonding performance of polyurethane prepolymers." Holzforschung 65, no. 6 (October 1, 2011): 835–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2011.095.

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Abstract Only small amounts of additives are needed to formulate one-component polyurethane (1C PUR) adhesives for various applications. The current study illuminates the effects of the formulation on the mechanical properties of pure adhesives, on the one hand, and their performance in bonded wood joints on the other. Tensile shear tests on bonded wood joints, tensile tests on adhesive films, and nanoindentation measurements in the interphase region of the bond were performed. Analyses by means of infrared, atomic force, and electron microscopy provided the explanatory basis for the results obtained. Additionally to laboratory made 1C PUR, unmodified commercial 1C PUR, melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF), and phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde (PRF) were tested for comparison. The results obtained confirm that the mechanical properties of 1C PUR adhesives are significantly affected by their prepolymer composition. The adhesive formulation by means of additives, on the other hand, does not affect the mechanical properties but is to a large extent responsible for the bonding performance.

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Borges, Gilberto Antonio, Ana Maria Spohr, Wildomar José de Oliveira, Lourenço Correr-Sobrinho, Américo Bortolazzo Correr, and Luis Henrique Borges. "Effect of refrigeration on bond strength of self-etching adhesive systems." Brazilian Dental Journal 17, no. 3 (2006): 186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402006000300002.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the tensile bond strength to dentin of three self-etching adhesive systems at refrigerated and room temperatures. Seventy-eight bovine incisors were embedded in self-cured acrylic resin, abraded on a water-cooled lathe and polished with 400- and 600-grit sandpapers to obtain standard dentin surfaces. The specimens were randomly assigned to 6 groups (n=13). Clearfil SE Bond, AdheSE and One-Up Bond F adhesive systems at refrigerated (4ºC) and room temperatures (23ºC) were applied to dentin according to the manufacturers' instructions. A truncated composite resin (Herculite XRV) cone was bonded to dentin surface. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37ºC for 24 h and submitted to tensile bond strength testing at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Means in MPa were analyzed statistically by Student's t-test at 5% significance level. No statistically significant differences (p>0.05) were found between the adhesive systems applied at refrigerated and room temperatures. In conclusion, no adverse effects on tensile bond strength were observed when self-etching adhesive systems were used after being taken directly from the refrigerated storage.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Adhesive tensile'

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