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Journal articles on the topic 'Adion'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Caanen, Mirte R., Esther A. Kuijper, Peter G. Hompes, Mark M. Kushnir, Alan L. Rockwood, Wayne A. Meikle, Roy Homburg, and Cornelis B. Lambalk. "Mass spectrometry methods measured androgen and estrogen concentrations during pregnancy and in newborns of mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome." European Journal of Endocrinology 174, no. 1 (January 2016): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-15-0699.

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ObjectiveLittle is known about the aetiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Some suggest that elevated maternal androgens during gestation play a causative role. This implies placental passage of androgens during pregnancy. The aim of this study is to compare androgen and estrogen concentrations in maternal serum during pregnancy and in umbilical cord blood, between mothers with PCOS and their offspring compared to controls.DesignProspective case–control study.MethodsMaternal blood samples were collected around 20 weeks of gestation and at delivery. Umbilical cord blood was also taken at delivery. Androgens (testosterone (T), androstenedione (ADION), dehydroepiandrostenedione (DHEA)) and estrogens (estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), estriol (E3)) were measured using the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods.ResultsAt 20 weeks of gestation: T (P=0.019) and ADION (P=0.034) were higher in the PCOS mothers (pregnant with a girl), whereas DHEA, E1, E2, and E3were not different. Maternal concentration at birth: T (P=0.004) and ADION (P=0.009) were also higher in the subgroup of PCOS mothers that were pregnant with a girl compared to the girl pregnancy controls. DHEA, E1, E2and E3were not different. In umbilical cord blood, no differences were found for T, ADION, DHEA, E2, E3, and AMH between the PCOS mothers and the controls respectively. E1was lower in girls from PCOS mothers (P=0.007).ConclusionsDespite elevated maternal androgen concentrations during pregnancy in PCOS mothers, offspring showed no signs of elevated androgen concentrations in cord blood at birth using the latest highly specific LC-MS/MS methods.

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2

Iancu, Stefania D., Andrei Stefancu, Vlad Moisoiu, Loredana F. Leopold, and Nicolae Leopold. "The role of Ag+, Ca2+, Pb2+ and Al3+ adions in the SERS turn-on effect of anionic analytes." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 10 (November 27, 2019): 2338–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.10.224.

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In our recent studies we highlighted the role of adsorbed ions (adions) in turning on the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect in a specific mode for anionic and cationic analytes. In this work, we emphasize the role of Ag+, Ca2+, Pb2+ and Al3+ adions in the specific adsorption of anionic analytes such as the citrate capping agent and three organic acids. Our results suggest an adion-specific adsorption mechanism: the adsorption of anionic analytes is facilitated by positively charged adions such as Ag+, Ca2+, Pb2+ or Al3+, which provide adsorption sites specific for the anionic analytes. The turn-on of the SERS effect is explained in the context of the chemical mechanism of SERS. The adions form SERS-active sites on the silver surface enabling a charge transfer between the adsorbate and the silver surface. High-intensity SERS spectra of uric acid, salicylic acid and fumaric acid could be recorded at a concentration of 50 µM only after activation of the colloidal silver nanoparticles by Ca2+, Pb2+ or Al3+ (50 µM). The chemisorption of the three anionic species to the silver surface occurs competitively and is enhanced with the anions of higher affinities to the silver surface as indicated by the SERS spectra of corresponding mixed solutions.

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3

TARANKO, EWA, and RYSZARD TARANKO. "THEORY OF CHEMISORPTION ON METAL SURFACES AT FINITE SUBMONOLAYER COVERAGES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 08, no. 14 (June 30, 1994): 1893–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979294000786.

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A chemisorption theory of hydrogen-like atoms on metal surfaces at submonolayer coverages, based on the generalized Anderson-Newns Hamiltonian and Green’s Function formalism, is presented. A very general Hamiltonian with the terms proportional to three and four adion number operators was derived. The utility of this Hamiltonian in the context of the lattice gas model of the chemisorbed layer with non-additive lateral interactions is discussed. The coverage-dependence of the electronic structure of chemisorbed adlayer is investigated. It is shown, that the adatom ionization level’s self-energy is evidently coverage dependent as opposite to this one corresponding to the affinity level.

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4

Pashov, Anastas, Blanche Bellon, Srini V. Kaveri, and Michel D. Kazatchkine. "A shift in encephalitogenic T cell cytokine pattern is associated with suppression of EAE by intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg)." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 3, no. 2 (April 1997): 153–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135245859700300218.

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Pooled human polyspecific IgG preparations for intravenous use (IVIg) have been used in a number of antibody mediated autoimmune diseases and recently in some T cell mediated disorders including multiple sclerosis, birdshot retinopathy and rheumatoid arthritis. Furthermore, IVIg has been proven beneficial in the corresponding animal models, i.e. experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis and adjuvant arthritis respectively. The exact mechanisms for IVIg adion in T cell mediated disorders are still poorly understood. There is evidence that IVIg treatment in vitro and in vivo decreases or changes the kinetics of the secretion by normal PBMC of a number of cytokines and anti-proliferative effect of IVIg on T cells in vitro and in vivo has also been reported. It remains unclear though to what extent the IVIg effects in T cell mediated autoimmunity are related only to non-specifc T cell suppression and whether it also reshapes the autoimmune T cell cytokine profile. In this study we demonstrate that IVIg protects against EAE and that this beneficial effed is associated with a decreased proli feration of T cells specific for the immunizing antigen. Moreover, we show that these antigen-specific cells produce low amount of Th /-type cytokines and transfer an attenuated EAE

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5

Epple, Juan Armando, and José Angel Cuevas. "Adios muchedumbres." Chasqui 19, no. 1 (1990): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/29740240.

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6

&NA;. "ADCON-L." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 890 (February 2002): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200208900-00016.

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7

Stewart, David R. "Editor's Adios." Theological Librarianship 9, no. 1 (April 15, 2016): iii. http://dx.doi.org/10.31046/tl.v9i1.416.

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8

Lema-Flórez, Eduardo. "Adios pionero." Revista Colombiana de Anestesiología 44, no. 2 (April 2016): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rca.2016.02.007.

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9

Morris, Hollman. "Adios, Uribe." NACLA Report on the Americas 44, no. 1 (January 2011): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10714839.2011.11722166.

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10

Hill, John R. "Adios, amigos." Diseases of the Colon & Rectum 30, no. 4 (April 1987): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02556160.

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11

David Bottoms. "Adios, Horses." Hopkins Review 3, no. 1 (2009): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/thr.0.0148.

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12

Downey, Gerry. "¡Adios Córdoba!" NIR news 14, no. 3 (June 2003): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/nirn.712.

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13

Malhi, Gin S. "Adios Acta …" Acta Neuropsychiatrica 23, no. 2 (April 2011): 55–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5215.2011.00536.x.

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14

Erskine, M. S., M. Hippensteil, and E. Kornberg. "Metabolism of dihydrotestosterone to 3α-androstanediol in brain and plasma: effect on behavioural activity in female rats." Journal of Endocrinology 134, no. 2 (August 1992): 183–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1340183.

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ABSTRACT Six experiments were carried out to determine whether dihydrotestosterone (5α-androstan-17β-ol-3-one; DHT) acts to inhibit oestradiol (OE2)-induced lordosis behaviour after its metabolic conversion to 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol (3α-androstanediol, 3α-Adiol). In experiments 1 and 2, ovariectomized rats were treated with several doses of DHT or 3α-Adiol, injected with OE2 and progesterone, and tested for lordosis responsiveness. Significant inhibition of lordosis occurred after a dose of 3α-Adiol which was approximately threefold less than the effective DHT dose. In experiments 3 and 4, plasma concentrations of DHT and 3α-Adiol were measured after the injection of these steroids to ovariectomized rats at doses shown to be both sufficient or insufficient to inhibit lordosis. Behaviourally effective dosages of DHT and 3α-Adiol produced circulating concentrations of 3α-Adiol greater than those produced by behaviourally ineffective doses of DHT or 3α-Adiol. At 30 min after injection of DHT (experiment 3), 78·8% of plasma androgens were in the form of 3α-Adiol, while after injection of 3α-Adiol, only 7·4% were DHT. When plasma DHT and 3α-Adiol were measured at 3, 6, 9 and 12 h after steroid injection (experiment 4), plasma levels of 3α-Adiol produced by the behaviourally subthreshold dose of DHT were significantly lower than levels produced by behaviourally sufficient dosages of DHT or 3α-Adiol. In experiments 5 and 6, concentrations of DHT and 3α-Adiol were measured in five brain regions 1 and 6 h after injection of behaviourally sufficient doses of these steroids to ovariectomized females. At 1 h after injection, similar levels of DHT and 3α-Adiol were measured in DHT- and 3α-Adiol-injected females, and DHT concentrations in the preoptic area were significantly higher in both groups than in any other brain area. At 6 h, animals injected with DHT had significantly higher levels of DHT in all brain areas combined than did 3α-Adiol-or vehicle-injected animals. Brain concentrations of 3α-Adiol were not different between groups injected with DHT, 3α-Adiol or vehicle at this time. In brain, 34·6% of DHT had been converted to 3α-Adiol after 1 h and 53·0% of 3α-Adiol had been converted to DHT. These results suggest that the inhibitory action of DHT on lordosis may be a consequence of its conversion to 3α-Adiol, and that this conversion may account for the higher behavioural potency of the latter steroid. Journal of Endocrinology (1992) 134, 183–195

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15

O, Jaime E. Rodriguez. "Adios amada maestra." Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 10, no. 1 (January 1994): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/msem.1994.10.1.03a00010.

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16

Savage, William W. "The Transom: Adios." Journal of Scholarly Publishing 47, no. 2 (January 2016): 222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jsp.47.2.222.

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17

Goldsmith, Maurice L. "Adios, Lash Larue." Sewanee Review 120, no. 3 (2012): 475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sew.2012.0065.

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18

Atabekyan, V. S., L. D. Beklemishev, V. M. Buchstaber, S. S. Goncharov, V. S. Guba, Yu L. Ershov, V. V. Kozlov, et al. "Sergei Ivanovich Adian." Russian Mathematical Surveys 76, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/rm9989.

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19

Lea, C. K., and A. M. Flanagan. "Physiological plasma levels of androgens reduce bone loss in the ovariectomized rat." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 274, no. 2 (February 1, 1998): E328—E335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1998.274.2.e328.

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The effect of androstenedione (ADIONE) slow-release pellets on cancellous bone volume (BV/TV) at the tibial metaphysis was investigated in ovariectomized (OVX) rats at various times from 21 to 180 days. Plasma levels of ADIONE and testosterone (T) in OVX rats were significantly reduced at 21 days and were restored close to levels in the sham rats with the 1.5-mg ADIONE pellet. OVX animals with and without ADIONE pellets resulted in close to a 50% reduction in BV/TV by day 21. By day 180, OVX rats had only ∼5% BV/TV, whereas that in ADIONE-treated OVX rats was significantly greater at ∼12%. The reduced BV/TV was associated with increased bone resorption and formation. In a separate 90-day experiment, we found that the antiandrogen, Casodex, abrogated the ADIONE-induced skeletal-protective effect in OVX rats, whereas the antiaromatase, Arimidex, had no effect. This provides evidence that ADIONE protects against the development of osteopenia in the estrogen-deficient rat and mediates its effect through androgens and not estrogens.

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20

Zang, Tianzhu, Mary-Ellen Taplin, Daniel Tamae, Wanling Xie, Clementina Mesaros, Zhenwei Zhang, Glenn Bubley, et al. "Testicular vs adrenal sources of hydroxy-androgens in prostate cancer." Endocrine-Related Cancer 24, no. 8 (August 2017): 393–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erc-17-0107.

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Neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (NADT) is one strategy for the treatment of early-stage prostate cancer; however, the long-term outcomes of NADT with radical prostatectomy including biochemical failure-free survival are not promising. One proposed mechanism is incomplete androgen ablation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficiency of serum hydroxy-androgen suppression in patients with localized high-risk prostate cancer under NADT (leuprolide acetate plus abiraterone acetate and prednisone) and interrogate the primary sources of circulating hydroxy-androgens using our recently described stable isotope dilution liquid chromatography mass spectrometric method. For the first time, three androgen diols including 5-androstene-3β,17β-diol (5-adiol), 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol (3α-adiol), 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol (3β-adiol), the glucuronide or sulfate conjugate of 5-adiol and 3α-adiol were measured and observed to be dramatically reduced after NADT. By comparing patients that took leuprolide acetate alone vs leuprolide acetate plus abiraterone acetate and prednisone, we were able to distinguish the primary sources of these androgens and their conjugates as being of either testicular or adrenal in origin. We find that testosterone, 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), 3α-adiol and 3β-adiol were predominately of testicular origin. By contrast, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), epi-androsterone (epi-AST) and their conjugates, 5-adiol sulfate and glucuronide were predominately of adrenal origin. Our findings also show that NADT failed to completely suppress DHEA-sulfate levels and that two unappreciated sources of intratumoral androgens that were not suppressed by leuprolide acetate alone were 5-adiol-sulfate and epi-AST-sulfate of adrenal origin.

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21

GOLASH, A., A. KAY, J. G. WARNER, F. PECK, J. S. WATSON, and V. C. LEES. "Efficacy of Adcon-T/N After Primary Flexor Tendon Repair in Zone II: A Controlled Clinical Trial." Journal of Hand Surgery 28, no. 2 (April 2003): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-7681(02)00249-8.

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A prospective double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted to assess the use of ADCON-T/N after flexor tendon repair in Zone II. Forty-five patients with 82 flexor tendon repairs in 50 digits completed the study. ADCON-T/N was injected into the tendon sheath after tenorrhaphy in the experimental group while the control group was not treated with ADCON-T/N. ADCON-T/N had no statistically significant effect on total active motion at 3, 6 and 12 months but the time taken to achieve the final range of motion was significantly shorter in treated patients. ADCON-treated patients had a higher rupture rate but this was not significant.

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22

Hernandez-Reguant, Ariana. "Adio Kerida." Journal of Latin American Anthropology 9, no. 2 (September 2004): 495–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jlat.2004.9.2.495.

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23

Yan, Pianpian, Zhezhe Liu, Shiqiao Liu, Liyun Yao, Yan Liu, Yongning Wu, and Zhiyong Gong. "Natural Occurrence of Deoxynivalenol and Its Acetylated Derivatives in Chinese Maize and Wheat Collected in 2017." Toxins 12, no. 3 (March 22, 2020): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12030200.

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Deoxynivalenol (DON), along with 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (3-ADON) and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15-ADON), occur in grains and cereal products and is often hazardous to humans and livestock. In this study, 579 wheat samples and 606 maize samples intended for consumption were collected from China in 2017 and analyzed to determine the co-occurrence of type-B trichothecenes (DON, 3-ADON, and 15-ADON). All the wheat samples tested positive for DON, while 99.83% of the maize samples were DON-positive with mean DON concentrations of 165.87 and 175.30 μg/kg, respectively. Per the Chinese standard limits for DON, 3.63% of wheat and 2.97% of the maize samples were above the maximum limit of 1000 μg/kg. The DON derivatives (3-ADON and 15-ADON) were less frequently found and were present at lower levels than DON in wheat. 3-ADON and 15-ADON had incidences of 13.53% and 76.40%, respectively, in maize. By analyzing the distribution ratio of DON and its derivatives in wheat and maize, DON (95.51%) was the predominant toxin detected in wheat samples, followed by 3.97% for the combination of DON + 3-ADON, while DON + 3-ADON + 15-ADON and DON + 15-ADON were only found in 0.17% and 0.35% of wheat samples, respectively. Additionally, a large amount of the maize samples were contaminated with DON + 15-ADON (64.19%) and DON (22.11%). The samples with a combination of DON + 3-ADON and DON + 3-ADON + 15-ADON accounted for 1.32% and 12.21%, respectively. Only one maize sample did not contain all three mycotoxins. Our study shows the necessity of raising awareness of the co-occurrence of mycotoxin contamination in grains from China to protect consumers from the risk of exposure to DON and its derivatives.

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24

Obradovic, Ana, Slavica Stankovic, Vesna Krnjaja, Ana Nikolic, Dragana Ignjatovic-Micic, Jelena Stepanovic, and Bojan Duduk. "Trichothecene chemotype diversity of Fusarium graminearum isolated from wheat, maize and barley in Serbia." Genetika 49, no. 1 (2017): 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1701355o.

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Diversity of trichothecene chemotypes of Fusarium graminearum isolated from kernels of wheat, barley and maize grown under various agro-ecological conditions on 13 locations was analysed. Sixteen strains were tested for the effective capability to produce 15-ADON, 3-ADON and NIV, by using the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) system. Fourteen out of sixteen analyzed strains produced 15-ADON, while remaining two were of the 3-ADON chemotype. Multiplex PCR reaction with two sets of specific primers for TRI3 and TRI12 genes was applied to identify trichothecene chemotypes (3-ADON, 15-ADON and NIV). The expected sizes of amplified fragments for TRI3 gene primer set are 840 bp (NIV), 610 bp (15-ADON) and 243 bp (3-ADON). The amplified fragments for TRI12 gene primer set should be 840 bp (NIV), 670 bp (15-ADON) and 410 bp (3-ADON). All F. graminearum isolates were of the 15-ADON chemotype, i.e. their bands were 610 bp and 670 bp size for TRI3 and TRI12 genes, respectively. The results indicate that genotypic characterisation does not correspond to determined chemotypes and this is a reason why the analyses for the risk of mycotoxins contamination should not be based only on trichotecene genotype determination. Due to high temperature differences in cereal growing regions in Serbia, the presence of other chemotypes could be expected. In order to determine whether besides 15-ADON there are other F. graminearum chemotypes on wheat, barley and maize kernels, further studies should include a large number of isolates from different agro-ecological conditions.

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25

Wang, Lan, Zheng Yan, Haiyan Zhou, Yingying Fan, Cheng Wang, Jingbo Zhang, Yucai Liao, and Aibo Wu. "Validation of LC-MS/MS Coupled with a Chiral Column for the Determination of 3- or 15-Acetyl Deoxynivalenol Mycotoxins from Fusarium graminearum in Wheat." Toxins 13, no. 9 (September 16, 2021): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13090659.

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The major causal agents Fusarium graminearum (F. graminearum) and Fusarium asiaticum could produce multiple mycotoxins in infected wheat, which threatens the health of humans and animals. Specifically, deoxynivalenol (DON) and its derivatives 3- and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON and 15-ADON) are commonly detected mycotoxins in cereal grains. However, the good chromatographic separation of 3-ADON and 15-ADON remains challenging. Here, an LC-MS/MS method for the chemotype determination of Fusarium strains was developed and validated. 3- and 15-ADON could be separated chromatographically in this study with sufficiently low limits of detection (LODs; 4 μg/kg) and limits of quantification (LOQs; 8 μg/kg). The satisfying intraday and interday reproducibility (both %RSDr and %RSDR were <20%) of this method indicated good stability. The recoveries of all analytes were in the range of 80–120%. In addition, three F. graminearum complex (FGC) strains, i.e., PH-1 (chemotype 15-ADON), F-1 (chemotype 3-ADON) and 5035 (chemotype 15-ADON), were selected to verify the accuracy of the method in differentiating phenotypes. The validation results showed that this LC-MS/MS method based on sample pretreatment is effective and suitable for the chromatographic separation of 3-ADON and 15-ADON in wheat.

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26

Wilson, Jean D., Richard J. Auchus, Michael W. Leihy, Oleg L. Guryev, Ronald W. Estabrook, Susan M. Osborn, Geoffrey Shaw, and Marilyn B. Renfree. "5α-Androstane-3α,17β-Diol Is Formed in Tammar Wallaby Pouch Young Testes by a Pathway Involving 5α-Pregnane-3α,17α-Diol-20-One as a Key Intermediate." Endocrinology 144, no. 2 (February 1, 2003): 575–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2002-220721.

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The synthetic pathway by which 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol (5α-adiol) is formed in the testes of tammar wallaby pouch young was investigated by incubating testes from d 20–40 males with various radioactive precursors and analyzing the metabolites by thin-layer chromatography and HPLC. [3H]Progesterone was converted to 17-hydroxyprogesterone, which was converted to 5α-adiol by two pathways: One involves the formation of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone as intermediates, and the other involves formation of 5α-pregnane-3α,17α-diol-20-one (5α-pdiol) and androsterone as intermediates. Formation of 5α-adiol from both [3H]testosterone and [3H]progesterone was blocked by the 5α-reductase inhibitor 4MA. The addition of nonradioactive 5α-pdiol blocked the conversion of [3H]progesterone to 5α-adiol, and [3H]5α-pdiol was efficiently converted to androsterone and 5α-adiol. We conclude that expression of steroid 5α-reductase in the developing wallaby testes allows formation of 5α-reduced androgens by a pathway that does not involve testosterone as an intermediate.

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27

Richter, Hans-Peter, Erich Kast, Rainer Tomczak, Werner Besenfelder, and Wilhelm Gaus. "Results of applying ADCON-L gel after lumbar discectomy: the German ADCON-L study." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 95, no. 2 (October 2001): 179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/spi.2001.95.2.0179.

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Object. Failed-back syndrome is still an unsolved problem. Use of ADCON-L gel, already commercially available, has been proven to reduce postoperative scarring in animal experiments. The authors of two controlled clinical studies have also shown positive results when applying the gel. They did not, however, establish patient-oriented endpoints. The authors report a study of ADCON-L in which they focus on patient-oriented endpoints. Methods. Patients with lumbar disc herniation were randomized to an ADCON-L—treated or control group. Therapeutic success was evaluated using the validated Hannover Questionnaire on Activities of Daily Living (FFbH) 6 months after surgery. The study took place between November 14, 1996, and April 20, 1998, in eight neurosurgical centers in Germany. A total of 398 patients was recruited; 41 patients dropped out during follow up. The mean functional FFbH score (100 points = all activities are possible without problem; 0 points = no activity is possible) was 78.5 points in the ADCON-L—treated group compared with 80 points in the control group. Furthermore, in terms of secondary outcome variables, the ADCON-L group did not have an advantage over the control group. Only the mean magnetic resonance imaging score showed a slight advantage of ADCON-L over the control group. Conclusions. The authors found no positive effect of treatment with ADCON-L gel in patients in whom one-level lumbar microdiscectomy was performed. Because of its rather large sample size and its homogeneity, the study had sufficient power to detect even small differences between the two groups.

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28

Barnard, Donna. "A Dose of Adios." Pedagogy 4, no. 3 (October 1, 2004): 485–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15314200-4-3-485.

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29

Hoffman, Gary, and Glynis Hoffman. "Adios, Strunk and White." College Composition and Communication 50, no. 2 (December 1998): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/358529.

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30

Kimmel, James, Arturo Longoria, Jerry Bryan Lincecum, Edward Hake Phillips, Peggy A. Redshaw, and Gideon Lincecum. "Adios to the Brushlands." Western Historical Quarterly 29, no. 3 (1998): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/970610.

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31

Cummings, Darren. "New Addon for Riber." III-Vs Review 17, no. 4 (May 2004): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0961-1290(04)00450-8.

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32

Robertson, J. T., J. L. Petrie, R. C. A. Frederickson, N. de Tribolet, and R. Hardy. "ADCON®-L Symposium." European Spine Journal 5, no. 1 (September 1996): S26—S28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00298570.

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33

He, Yuyun, Xiaoyao Yin, Jingjing Dong, Qing Yang, Yongning Wu, and Zhiyong Gong. "Transcriptome Analysis of Caco-2 Cells upon the Exposure of Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol and Its Acetylated Derivatives." Toxins 13, no. 2 (February 22, 2021): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13020167.

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Deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON) and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON) are type B trichothecenes; one of the major pollutants in food and feed products. Although the toxicity of DON has been well documented, information on the toxicity of its acetylated derivative remains incomplete. To acquire more detailed insight into 3-ADON and 15-ADON, Caco-2 cells under 0.5 µM DON, 3-ADON and 15-ADON treatment for 24 h were subjected to RNA-seq analysis. In the present study, 2656, 3132 and 2425 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected, respectively, and were enriched utilizing the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and the Gene Ontology (GO) database. The upregulation of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM), WEE1 homolog 2 (WEE2) and downregulation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), minichromosome maintenance (MCMs), cyclin dependent kinase (CDKs), and E2Fs indicate that the three toxins induced DNA damage, inhibition of DNA replication and cell cycle arrest in Caco-2 cells. Additionally, the upregulation of sestrin (SENEs) and NEIL1 implied that the reason for DNA damage may be attributable to oxidative stress. Our study provides insight into the toxic mechanism of 3-ADON and 15-ADON.

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Spolti, Pierri, Emerson M. Del Ponte, Jaime A. Cummings, Yanhong Dong, and Gary C. Bergstrom. "Fitness Attributes of Fusarium graminearum Isolates from Wheat in New York Possessing a 3-ADON or 15-ADON Trichothecene Genotype." Phytopathology® 104, no. 5 (May 2014): 513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-07-13-0206-r.

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In all, 50 isolates of Fusarium graminearum from wheat spikes in New York, including 25 isolates each of the 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15-ADON) and 3-ADON genotype, were tested to determine whether 3-ADON isolates are more fit for saprophytic survival and pathogenicity on wheat spikes than are 15-ADON isolates. The isolates were characterized and compared for 14 different attributes of saprophytic fitness and pathogenic fitness on a susceptible wheat variety. Isolates of the two genotypes could not be differentiated for most of these traits. Three principle components—ascospore production on corn stalks, total trichothecene amount in wheat kernels, and incidence of diseased spikelets up from the point of inoculation—accounted for 29.4, 18.9, and 10.8% of the variation among the isolates, respectively. A bootstrapping procedure grouped the isolates into two distinct groups, with 27 and 23 isolates each, with isolates from both genotypes represented in similar proportions (15-ADON/3-ADON, n = 14/13 and 11/12). Within the contemporary population of F. graminearum causing wheat head blight in New York, isolates with a 3-ADON genotype did not possess any detectable advantage over isolates with a 15-ADON genotype in saprophytic fitness or in pathogenic fitness on a susceptible wheat cultivar.

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Moss, A. R., J. A. Metcalf, and D. I. Givens. "Value of ADIN as a measure of unavailable nitrogen in treated rapeseed meal." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2000 (2000): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175275620000048x.

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Acid detergent insoluble nitrogen (ADIN) is used in the UK Metabolisable Protein system (AFRC, 1992) to estimate the amount of indigestible nitrogen (N) in a feedstuff. A novel process has been developed which is intended to increase the proportion of undegradable protein in rapeseed meal. In situ work on this treated rapeseed product (TRSM) has shown a reduced rate of rumen degradation compared with the untreated product (UTRSM). However when these data were used in combination with ADIN content to calculate digestible undegraded protein (DUP), there was a minimal increase in DUP due to the high content of ADIN in the TRSM. There have been other cases where products have high ADIN content (e.g. distillery by-products; Webster, 1992) but when whole tract determinations of indigestible N were made, this was considerably lower than estimated from ADIN content. This raises some concerns about the use of ADIN to estimate indigestible protein for by- and treated- products. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the ADIN content of the untreated and treated rapeseed products was representative of the indigestible N.

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Dondi, Donatella, Margherita Piccolella, Andrea Biserni, Sara Della Torre, Balaji Ramachandran, Alessia Locatelli, Paola Rusmini, et al. "Estrogen receptor β and the progression of prostate cancer: role of 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol." Endocrine-Related Cancer 17, no. 3 (September 2010): 731–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/erc-10-0032.

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Prostate cancer (PC) develops in response to an abnormal activation of androgen receptor induced by circulating androgens and, in its initial stages, is pharmacologically controlled by androgen blockade. However, androgen ablation therapy often allows androgen-independent PC development, generally characterized by increased invasiveness. We previously reported that 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol (3β-Adiol) inhibits the migration of PC cell lines via the estrogen receptor β (ERβ) activation. Here, by combining in vitro assays and in vivo imaging approaches, we analyzed the effects of 3β-Adiol on PC proliferation, migration, invasiveness, and metastasis in cultured cells and in xenografts using luciferase-labeled PC3 (PC3-Luc) cells. We found that 3β-Adiol not only inhibits PC3-Luc cell migratory properties, but also induces a broader anti-tumor phenotype by decreasing the proliferation rate, increasing cell adhesion, and reducing invasive capabilities in vitro. All these 3β-Adiol activities are mediated by ERβ and cannot be reproduced by the physiological estrogen, 17β-estradiol, suggesting the existence of different pathways activated by the two ERβ ligands in PC3-Luc cells. In vivo, continuous administration of 3β-Adiol reduces growth of established tumors and counteracts metastasis formation when PC3-Luc cells are engrafted s.c. in nude mice or are orthotopically injected into the prostate. Since 3β-Adiol has no androgenic activity, and cannot be converted to androgenic compounds, the effects here described entail a novel potential application of this agent against human PC.

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Mulford, Karen E., and Dr James Linduska. "NEW PEST CONTROL STRATEGIES AND EFFECTS ON POLLINATION OF CUCUMBERS." HortScience 31, no. 5 (September 1996): 744b—744. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.5.744b.

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Cucumbers are susceptible to the bacterial wilt organism that overwinters in the gut of Diabroticite (cucumber) beetles. This disease is transmitted in feces via open feeding wounds and plugs xylem vessels of water conductive tissues. Insecticides can be applied to control Diabroticite beetles. Adios, a semiochemical bait impregnated with cucurbitacin is combined with the insecticide carbaryl, which can be applied after plant emergence to control Diabroticite beetles. However, the method of application for giving the maximum control was unknown. This study evaluates the rate of application, number of applications, methods of application using pressure and airblast sprays, and compares two Adios formulations. Also studied were the effects of Adios on bee fertilization and the quality of the fruit, since carbaryl is toxic to bees and thus affects pollination. Adios was also compared to a foliar insecticide, Asana XL.

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SAPIR, M. V. "ON THE WORD PROBLEM IN PERIODIC GROUP VARIETIES." International Journal of Algebra and Computation 01, no. 01 (March 1991): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218196791000067.

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It is shown that there is a finitely based periodic group variety with unsolvable word problem. This uses the solution by Novikov and Adian of the Burnside problem and solves a subsequent problem raised by Adian and Makanin.

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Mulford, Karen E., and James J. Linduska. "New Pest Control Strategies and Effects on Pollination of Cucumbers." HortScience 31, no. 4 (August 1996): 700f—701. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.700f.

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Cucumbers are susceptible to the bacterial wilt organism that overwinters in the gut of cucumber beetles. This disease is transmitted in feces via open feeding wounds and plugs xylem vessels of water conductive tissues. Insecticides can be applied to control cucumber beetles. Adios, a semiochemical bait impregnated with cucurbitacin is combined with the insecticide carbaryl, which can be applied after plant emergence to control cucumber beetles. However, the method of application for giving the maximum control is unknown; thus, this was the purpose of this project. This study evaluates the rate of application, number of applications, methods of application using pressure and airblast sprays, and compares two Adios formulations. Also studied were the effects of Adios on bee fertilization and the quality of the fruit, since carbaryl is toxic to bees, and therefore can affect pollination. Adios was also compared to a foliar insecticide, Asana.

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40

PALATINSKY, E. A., K. H. MAIER, D. K. TOUHALISKY, J. L. MOCK, M. T. HINGSON, and G. T. COKER. "Adcon®-T/N Reduces in Vivo Perineural Adhesions in a Rat Sciatic Nerve Reoperation Model." Journal of Hand Surgery 22, no. 3 (June 1997): 331–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-7681(97)80397-x.

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Excessive perineural scarring may affect the result of peripheral nerve surgery. The ability of a novel implant material (ADCON-T/N) to prevent this complication was tested in 38 rats. Four weeks after a bilateral sciatic nerve external neurolysis, a secondary bilateral lysis of the adhesions was performed; ADCON-T/N was locally implanted at one side, while the contralateral side was left untreated. Four or 8 weeks later, perineural adhesions were dissected in 24 animals and graded blindly. Significantly fewer perineural adhesions were found in ADCON-T/N treated nerves compared with controls at both 4 and 8 weeks. Residual implant material or adverse effects were not observed at either time. Histological examination of the neurolysis sites in another 14 animals confirmed these findings at both time intervals. This study shows that ADCON-T/N is effective in inhibiting perineural adhesions, is resorbed within 4 weeks and is well tolerated.

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Szalay, László, Tomoharu Shimizu, Takao Suzuki, Ya-Ching Hsieh, Mashkoor A. Choudhry, Martin G. Schwacha, Kirby I. Bland, and Irshad H. Chaudry. "Androstenediol administration after trauma-hemorrhage attenuates inflammatory response, reduces organ damage, and improves survival following sepsis." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 291, no. 2 (August 2006): G260—G266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00390.2005.

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Although androstenediol (adiol or 5-androstene-3β,17β-diol), a metabolite of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), has protective effects following trauma-hemorrhage (T-H), it remains unknown whether administration of adiol has any salutary effects on the inflammatory response and outcome following a combined insult of T-H and sepsis. Male rats underwent T-H shock [mean arterial pressure (MAP) 40 mmHg for 90 min] followed by resuscitation. Adiol (1 mg/kg body wt) or vehicle was administered at the end of resuscitation. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) at 20 h after T-H or sham operation. Five hours after CLP, plasma and tissue samples were analyzed for cytokines (IL-6 and IL-10), MPO, neutrophil chemotactic factor (CINC-3), and liver injury (alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase). In another group of rats, the gangrenous cecum was removed at 10 h after CLP, the cavity was irrigated with warm saline and closed in layers, and mortality was recorded over 10 days. T-H followed by CLP produced a significant elevation in plasma IL-6 and IL-10 levels, enhanced neutrophil cell activation, and resulted in liver injury. Adiol administration prevented the increase in cytokine production, neutrophil cell activation, and attenuated liver injury. Moreover, rats subjected to the combined insult, receiving vehicle or adiol, had a 50% and 6% mortality, respectively. Since adiol administration suppresses proinflammatory cytokines, reduces liver damage, and decreases mortality after the combined insult of T-H and sepsis, this agent appears to be a novel adjunct to fluid resuscitation for decreasing T-H-induced septic complications and mortality.

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42

Miller, J. David, and Barbara A. Blackwell. "Biosynthesis of 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol and other metabolites by Fusarium culmorum HLX 1503 in a stirred jar fermentor." Canadian Journal of Botany 64, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b86-001.

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The formation of 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (ADON) and other secondary metabolites of Fusarium culmorum in a stirred jar fermentor is described in relation to changes in concentrations of sugars, N, P, and O2, and in pH in the medium as well as changes in cellular parameters. The addition of sodium [1-13C]acetate to the fermentation demonstrated that the conditions used resulted in the biosynthesis of ADON instead of other primary and secondary metabolites such as culmorin, dihydroxycalonectrin, and sambucinol for all but the early stages of the fermentation. Enrichment studies also revealed that dihydroxycalonectrin was not an important intermediate of ADON. Biosynthesis of ADON was apparently induced by nitrogen limitation. At the end of the fermentation, ca. 710 mg L−1 ADON was obtained.

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43

Gargin, Vitaliy, Iryna Muryzina, Nikolay Shcherbina, Alina Nechyporenko, Victoria Baryshevska, Olga Vorobyova, and Victoriia Alekseeva. "Relationship between bone density of paranasal sinuses and adrenal steroids pattern in women during menopausal transition." Anthropological Review 83, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 407–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/anre-2020-0031.

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Abstract The course of menopause transition (MT) is associated with peculiarities of alterations occurring in a woman’s body, in particular, in the structure of bone tissue. Considering that bones of the paranasal sinuses (BPNSs) play a natural defense role against the spread of dental infection, their structure is important in dentistry. However, no information was found pertaining to changes of BPNSs during MT – a time when dental maladies increase in many women. The aim of our study was to collate density of BPNSs with status of adrenal steroids in women during MT, since the pattern of their changes determines the course of MT. Cross-sectional associations were examined between bone density of PNSs assessed by Spiral Computed Tomography and Serum content of testosterone (T), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index (FAI), insulin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), Adione, and Adiol in 113 women of perimenopausal age (age range from 45 to 55 years) who had already experienced premenopausal menstrual decline (amenorrhea less than 2 years). Strong positive (r = 0.73) correlation between minimal bone density of maxillary sinus in women with level of DHEAS was detected. It is important to note, that the correlation between minimal density of the lower wall of frontal sinus is a weak positive (0.3). Therefore, it can be suggested that bone tissue of the maxillary sinus is more sensitive to changes in DHEAS. The study showed that the level of male steroids, in particular DHEAS, affected the state of bone tissue in participants older than 50 years of age.

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Södersten, P., P. Eneroth, and T. Hansson. "Oestradiol synergizes with 5α-dihydrotestosterone or 3α- but not 3β-androstanediol in inducing sexual behaviour in castrated rats." Journal of Endocrinology 119, no. 3 (December 1988): 461–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1190461.

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ABSTRACT Castrated male rats were treated with constant-release implants filled with testosterone, oestradiol-17β, 17β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-3-one (5α-dihydrotestosterone; DHT), 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol (3α-Adiol) or 5α-androstane-3β,17β-diol (3β-Adiol). Only testosterone activated the sexual behaviour of the rats. If combined with oestradiol, DHT or 3α-Adiol induced the behaviour, but 3β-Adiol failed to have this effect. Oestradiol inhibited the in-vitro formation of [14C]Adiols from [14C]DHT by combined preoptic and hypothalamic tissue, but only when given in high doses. No effect on the formation of [14C]Adiols from [14C]DHT was found in rats treated in vivo with DHT or with the combination of DHT and oestradiol which effectively stimulated sexual behaviour. These results do not support the suggestion that oestradiol may synergize with androgens to induce sexual behaviour in castrated rats by inhibiting androgen metabolism. J. Endocr. (1988) 119,461–465

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Meng, Yan, Jianjun Hao, Derrick Mayfield, Laixin Luo, Gary P. Munkvold, and Jianqiang Li. "Roles of Genotype-Determined Mycotoxins in Maize Seedling Blight Caused by Fusarium graminearum." Plant Disease 101, no. 7 (July 2017): 1103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-01-17-0119-re.

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Fusarium graminearum is an important causal agent of maize seedling blight. The species includes several chemotypes that produce various forms of deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV). To understand the effects and roles of F. graminearum mycotoxins on maize seedling blight occurring at Zhang Ye of Gansu, China, 23 isolates of F. graminearum were collected and characterized. A PCR assay showed all 23 isolates belonged to the 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON) genotype. This was also confirmed by production of both DON and 15-ADON in either rice culture medium or maize seedling roots, detected by high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. In maize seedling roots, 15-ADON dominated at 6 days post inoculation (dpi) and DON was the main mycotoxin at 12 dpi. The biomass of F. graminearum doubled from 6 to 12 dpi, and was positively correlated with virulence of the isolates. Both mycotoxins affected maize root vitality, but 15-ADON had a greater effect than DON. ALDH9 and MDH, two dehydrogenase synthesis genes in maize, showed a lower relative expression in 15-ADON treatments than in DON treatments. It indicated that both mycotoxins affected seed germination and root development, with 15-ADON being more destructive. Under scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, root hair formation and development were delayed by DON, but completely inhibited by 15-ADON. 15-ADON caused cell shrinkage, loose cellular structure, and widened intercellular spaces; it also destroyed organelles and caused plasmolysis, and eventually ruptured cell membranes causing cell death. DON did not affect cell morphology and arrangement, but altered the morphology of organelles, forming concentric membranous bodies and a large amount of irregular lipid droplets. Thus, both mycotoxins contributed to symptom expression of maize seedling blight, but 15-ADON was more destructive than DON.

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Yang, Yi, Zhi Li Chen, Ying Li, Xiao Xiao, Qi Dan, Ting Hong Yang, and Zhen Jie Ren. "Numerical Simulation of Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico Based on the GNOME and ADIOS." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 1535–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.1535.

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This paper analyzes the mechanism of the GNOME and ADIOS models. On this basis, GNOME and ADIOS model are applied to the simulation of the oil drift and the weathering process of the early oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico respectively by correctly adding the Gulf of geographical information and environmental information. The simulated oil spill trajectories agree well with remote sensing monitoring results and the simulation results of ADIOS are in line with the oil spill weathering study conclusions. This paper also analyzes the reasons of simulation mistakes and the shortcomings of the model itself so as to figure out the direction for the future study.

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Asam, S., and M. Rychlik. "Synthetic routes to isotopologues of acetylated derivatives of deoxynivalenol to be used in stable isotope dilution assays." World Mycotoxin Journal 5, no. 3 (August 1, 2012): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/wmj2011.1379.

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The isomers 3-O-acetyl- and 15-O-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON and 15-ADON) are intermediates of deoxynivalenol (DON) biosynthesis. Both compounds are present along with DON in contaminated food and feed, but they are not analysed routinely. This review describes synthetic routes to stable isotope labelled 3-ADON and 15-ADON that can be used as internal standards in stable isotope dilution assays. The label was introduced either as [2H3]-acetyl or [13C2]-acetyl group in all protocols. Regioselective acetylation can be obtained by the use of protection groups or stepwise acetylation and hydrolysis. Advantages and disadvantages of both strategies are discussed.

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Leihy, Michael W., Geoffrey Shaw, Marilyn B. Renfree, and Jean D. Wilson. "Administration of 5α-Androstane-3α,17β-Diol to Female Tammar Wallaby Pouch Young Causes Development of a Mature Prostate and Male Urethra." Endocrinology 143, no. 7 (July 1, 2002): 2643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo.143.7.8917.

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Abstract Secretion of 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol (5α-adiol) by the testes of the tammar wallaby is responsible for initiation of prostatic development after d 20 in male pouch young. To ascertain the role of this hormone in the subsequent growth and differentiation of the prostate and in the development of the male phallus, 5α-adiol was administered to tammar female pouch young in two regimens. Administration of the hormone by mouth (8 μg/g body weight·wk) between d 70 and 150 of pouch life caused prostate development equivalent to that in d 150 males and promoted growth and differentiation of the penis, but not masculinization of the urethra. Treatment with a small dose of 5α-adiol enanthate (1 μg/g body weight·wk) from d 20–150 produced similar results. However, administration of larger doses of 5α-adiol enanthate (10 or 100 μg/g body weight·wk) from d 20–150 caused supraphysiological growth of the prostate, development of a male-type urethra, and penile growth. These results indicate that prostatic development and penile growth can be initiated over a wide time period, but that formation of a male urethra requires androgen action before d 70, when male penile differentiation begins. This further strengthens the hypothesis that 5α-adiol is the circulating androgen responsible in this species for virilization during development.

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Heffner, John E., and Lyle C. Unruh. "Tetracycline Pleurodesis Adios, Farewell, Adieu." Chest 101, no. 1 (January 1992): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.101.1.5.

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Nevins, A., and J. L. Garcia. "Adios Triste and Solucion Familias." Gerontologist 35, no. 1 (February 1, 1995): 140–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/35.1.140a.

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