Academic literature on the topic 'Adjective simile'
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Journal articles on the topic "Adjective simile"
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Masini, Francesca, and M. Silvia Micheli. "The morphological expression of approximation: the emerging simil- construction in Italian." Word Structure 13, no. 3 (2020): 371–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/word.2020.0176.
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This paper contributes to the study of evaluative morphology by investigating an emerging morphological construction in Italian within the framework of Construction Morphology. The schema in question, which contains the string simil- (related to the adjective simile ‘similar’) plus a nominal or adjectival base, is analyzed as a newly-created construction that conveys a number of closely-related senses (i.e., fakeness, imitation, resemblance, vagueness, and kin-categorization) revolving around the functional domain of approximation, which has received much less attention than other domains within evaluative morphology. Beside discussing the formal, semantic and usage properties of simil- expressions on the basis of corpus data, we propose a constructional network that accounts for their behavior. Finally, we discuss the nature of simil- as an affixoid and explore its relationship with other competing (morphological and, more marginally, analytic) strategies in Italian.
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Oleniak, Mariana. "Old English Simile of Equality: The Highest Degree of Similarity." Research in Language 16, no. 4 (2018): 471–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rela-2018-0023.
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This paper aims to provide an account of Old English similes of equality marked by the superlative degree of the adjective gelic. It deals with the structure and semantics of similes marked by the (ge)/(on)licost component, which, unlike in Modern English, being subjected to gradation, can show the highest degree of similarity between referents. The article presents the criteria for structural classification of the simile in question describing two major structural types, that employ nouns in the dative or nominative case, as well as its semantic interpretation from macro and micro levels of perspective. The paper examines every simile with the (ge)/(on)licost component found in Old English manuscripts belonging to various textual genres.
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Méndez Dosuna, Julián V. ""El significado del adjetivo ἔναυλος en Sófocles, Filoctetes 158 y en Eurípides, Fenicias 1573"". Fortunatae. Revista Canaria de Filología, Cultura y Humanidades Clásicas, № 32 (2020): 449–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.25145/j.fortunat.2020.32.29.
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The adjective ἔναυλος, -ον is a hypostatic compound based on the phrase ἐν αὐλῇ. InSophocles’ Philoctetes, it refers to the interior of the cavern where the protagonist lives (αὐλή ‘dwelling’).In Euripides’ Phoenician Women, Eteocles and Polinices are compared in a simile to two lions fighting. The adjective ἐναύλους has been previously interpreted as meaning ‘being in a den cave’ or, alternatively, ‘quarrelling over a den / cave’. A different meaning is here proposed: the lions fight pent up (αὐλή ‘pen, fold’) in the space between the two armies
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Lehmann, Claudia. "About as boring as flossing sharks: Cognitive accounts of irony and the family of approximate comparison constructions in American English." Cognitive Linguistics 32, no. 1 (2021): 133–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cog-2020-0018.
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Abstract This paper reports a case study on a family of American English constructions that will be called the family of approximate comparison constructions. This family has three members, all of which follow the syntactic pattern about as X as Y with X being an adjective, but which allow three related functions: literal comparison, simile and irony. Two cognitive frameworks concern themselves with irony, the cognitive modelling approach and viewpoint approach, and the paper will show that, while the ironic approximate comparison construction calls central assumptions of the cognitive modelling approach to question, the viewpoint account can be refined to handle these cases. In doing so, it furthers our understanding of the cognitive underpinning of irony. The paper provides a corpus-based analysis on the Y slot as well as collostructional analyses on the adjectival X slot in the family of approximate comparison constructions. The results thereof suggest that the ironic approximate comparison construction, in comparison to its literal counterpart, prefers adjectives that convey positively connotated, nuanced attitudes and is formally less variable in the Y slot. The preference for particular adjectives lends further support to the assumption that hearers understand the construction as ironic or literal before speakers complete their utterance. Given that, it is argued that the ironic approximate comparison construction communicates an inherent viewpoint.
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Moon, Rosamund. "Conventionalized as -similes in English." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 13, no. 1 (2008): 3–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.13.1.03moo.
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This paper reports on a corpus-based investigation of conventionalized English similes which follow the pattern (as) ADJECTIVE as NOUN GROUP. It begins by describing their formal and semantic characteristics, and then discusses issues of variation, approaches to handling variation, and procedures for establishing the simile lexicon. It reports on the frequencies observed in the Bank of English for as-similes, including their distribution in British English, and compares these to frequencies observed in other corpora. Finally, it speculates on how conventionalized as-similes survive in the lexicon, in spite of their apparent infrequency in (corpus) text; sets out a characterization of as-similes; and suggests some implications for phraseological studies in general.
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CHUA, DEBORAH. "Comparative alternation in y-adjectives: insights from self-paced reading." Language and Cognition 11, no. 3 (2019): 373–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2019.22.
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abstractY-adjectives are English adjectives that end in an orthographic <y> and a /i/ sound, for example lazy. Deriving its hypotheses from previous corpus findings and construction-based principles to language study, the experiment here reported validates the benefit a comparative alternation account of y-adjectives will accrue from a consideration of more and -er constructions across disyllabic adjectives that are not y-ones (called the HANDSOME adjectives). Reading times related to the comparative constructions of morphologically complex and simple y-adjectives were collected before and after native speaker exposure to one of three treatments – a dialogue comprising multiple HANDSOME more constructions, a dialogue comprising multiple HANDSOME-er constructions, or a control condition. Processing of y-adjective more constructions was found eased with exposure to HANDSOME more constructions. This exposure moreover overrode an anticipated processing ease for simple y-adjective -er constructions, while an exposure to HANDSOME -er constructions overrode an anticipated processing ease for complex y-adjective more constructions. The findings support the value of a constructional approach to understanding y-adjective comparatives.
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Nam, Jeesun. "Sur Une Construction N0N1-Ita en Coreen." Lingvisticæ Investigationes. International Journal of Linguistics and Language Resources 14, no. 2 (1990): 301–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.14.2.05nam.
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The purpose of this study is to describe a class of sentences containing a noun in -ita, which are equivalent to an adjectival predicate. This set of sentences is of the form N0 W N1-ita (where -ita can be translated as one of the uses of être in French). Indeed, for this type of sentence: Léa-nín motín il-e (yôlsông + pulman)-ita Léa-Top everything-Pc (passion + discontent)-ita (Léa is (passionate about + discontented with) everything) we observe that N1-ita answers to the question ôtôha-(how), and not to nuku(who)/muôs(what). Further, N1-ita allows for an indication of intensity or comparison, but N1 can take no modifiers. This kind of predicate, with a human subject (noted Nsp-ita), shares some fundamental properties with an adjectival predicate. From this point of view, it is different from other types of N -ita predicates, such as: Max-nîn (haksäng + honsu-sangthä)-ita Max-Top (student + coma-state)-ita (Max is (a student + in a coma)) i congi-nîn (semo-k'ol + pola-säk)-ita this paper-Top (triangle-form + violet-color)-ita This paper is of (triangular form + violet color)) The fact that Nsp-ita (like SC-cok-ita) resembles the derived adjectives N1-hata or N1-sîlôpta puts into question the current definition of -ita: if -ita, in Nsp-ita, is analyzed as a particle attached to a noun, we would have no adjective in -ita, but only nouns. Under the hypothesis of a support term (here, the adjective supporting the predicative noun), we whould have only the adjective (ita). Finally, if we analyze this kind of -ita as an adjectival suffix, the data Nsp-ita and SC-côk-ita would all make up the entire corpus of adjectives. We underline the fact that this problem is not a simple question of terminology when one is trying to set up a corpus of adjectives for constructing a lexicon-grammar, even though the present study is limited to the classification and description of the nouns that make up the predicate Nsp-ita.
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Sharasulova, Shirin. "The Subject Of A Qualitative Device In The Sentence Acts As A Secondary Predicate Object In Uzbek Language." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 03, no. 05 (2021): 475–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/volume03issue05-84.
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Adjectives are one of the three characteristic forms of a verb, and this form imposes a second set of functions and properties on its verb function and properties. This situation requires special attention and special research on quality. An adjective can express itself in the text because it has its own subject, object, etc., that is, it can form its own syntactic device - predicate. He himself remains the predicate of this predicate. It is part of another simple sentence with the adjective and the predicate of this content. That is why we have chosen to dwell on the syntactic function and semantic side of the adjective, which is the adjective of the part of the adjectives in the Uzbek language. Accordingly, this paper examines the arrival and semantic-syntactic properties of the owner of a qualitative device as an object of secondary predication.
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Hikmah, Nurul, and Supeno Supeno. "SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE VERB AND ADJECTIVES IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT." INFERENCE: Journal of English Language Teaching 3, no. 1 (2021): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/inference.v3i1.6006.
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<p class="Normal1">This objectives study are 1) to analyze and to know whether or not there are errors of simple present verb in students writing descriptive text; 2) to analyze and to know if there are errors of adjectives in students writing descriptive text; 3) to know the cause of errors simple present tense verb and adjectives in students writing descriptive text. The tenth-grade students at Islamic Centre high school and Nusantara 1 high school in Tangerang in the academic year 2019/2020 are the participants in this current research. The research is a case study and used a descriptive approach. The instrument of this study is the writing test. There were 30 writing had been analyzed. The results show the error of simple present verbs for errors omission (65,26%), addition (5,26%), selection (28,42%), misordering (1,05%). And errors in using adjective percentage: omission (13,95%), addition (0%), selection (76,34%), misordering (9,30%). The reasons for errors in simple present tense and adjectives in writing descriptive text made by students are interlingual and intralingual errors.</p>
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Nam, Jeesun. "Lexique-Grammaire des Adjectifs Symétriques." Lingvisticæ Investigationes. International Journal of Linguistics and Language Resources 21, no. 2 (1997): 263–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.21.2.02nam.
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In this paper, we examine the adjectives that seem to require two arguments in symmetric relation. To syntactically define these elements, we observed whether an adjective can appear in the following transformational relation or not: N0 N1-wa Adj = N1 N0-wa Adj. Those that allow this relation are classified in the class AWS and named Symmetric Adjectives. They constitute a semantically and syntactically homogeneous class. Two types of problematical structutures were considered: one is the construction containing a complement in -ei, replaceable by a symmetric complement in -wa; the other is the construction with complement in -wa which is not a symmetric one. Besides, we came across one more complicated structure concerning symmetric construction, that is, N0 N1-wa N2-i Adj. However, it cannot be considered as the basic structure for symmetric adjectives, since N2-i is either a restructured element or a symmetric noun: in the first case, this structure is a derived one; in the second case, it is this noun that requires a symmetric complement Nj-wa, and not the adjective. Therefore, this structure cannot characterize symmetric adjectives. In this way, we obtained 120 adjectives for the class AWS among 5300 Korean simple adjectives. The result of our study is represented in the form of a matrix in the Appendix. More detailed studies on symmetric verbs and nouns are also required as well as more advanced analyses about semantic and logic constraints in the distribution of arguments.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Adjective simile"
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Lindmark, Carolina. "Hungrig som en gnu och snäll som en karamell : En korpusstudie över nutida liknelser i svenska bloggtexter." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Avdelningen för allmän språkvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-118017.
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Studien kartlägger vanliga adjektivliknelser i svenska bloggtexter ur två aspekter, vilka adjektiv och substantiv som förekommer tillsammans i konstruktionen ADJEKTIV som en/ett SUBSTANTIV samt deras grad av konventionalisering. Tidigare forskning visar att liknelser är svårdefinierade, vilket tas upp i bakgrunden. Materialet är hämtat från fem korpusar med svensk bloggtext. Resultaten visar att de vanligaste adjektivliknelserna föredrar att knyta an till ett eller några substantiv. Däremot finns det visst utrymme för produktivitet. Studien är en preliminär kartläggning över hur pass konventionaliserade liknelserna är. Möjliga källor för uppkomst av liknelserna diskuteras i diskussionen. Resultaten belyser även att det finns en ytterligare dimension i definitionen av liknelser utöver kontinuumet mellan bokstavlighet och figurativitet, nämligen en distinktion mellan exaktare måttangivelse och figurativitet.
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Stortz-Hebmann, Fabienne. "Etude de l'antéposition et de la postposition des adjectifs ancien, simple, pur et sacré, et leur emploi dans la Recherche du temps perdu." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100023.
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Apres avoir distingué la spécificité des positions antéposée et postposée, nous nous proposons d'étudier leurs influence s sur les adjectifs ancien, simple, pur et sacre. Pour le syntagme "adj x" nous montrons que les variations sémantiques proviennent de la prise en compte d’autre que x, caractéristique de l'antéposition. Ancien révèle avoir deux ancrages spatio-temporels, l'un correspondant à la construction de x, l'autre a son actualisation. L'adjectif simple renvoie à une non-singularisation et autre que x intervient sur les rapports d'altérité entre le plan subjectif et le plan temporel en antéposition. Pur présente un domaine centré principalement sur l'exclusion de autre que x. Sacre maintient l'ambiguïté du latin sacer, et est lié à l'énonciateur. Dans la deuxième partie nous étudions l'emploi de ces syntagmes dans la Recherche du temps perdu de Proust. Ancien met en évidence les différentes voix narratives ainsi que l'ambiguïté du présent. Simple caractérise par sa forte représentativité en antéposition, ou se retrouve la dissociation entre le plan subjectif et le plan temporel, va s'articuler principalement à la pluralité des personnages, aux désenchantements, ou encore au mensonge et à la jalousie. Pur de par la création d'un domaine hors altérite apparait principalement dans le discours sur l'art dans le Temps retrouvé. Une dernière voix narrative se fait alors entendre, celle de l'auteur. Nous remarquons que sacre faiblement représenté dans le texte propose un traitement subjectif de la postposition<br>In the first part we study the positions of the epithets, and then the influences of the adjectives ancien, simple, pur et sacré. We show that the semantic variation "adjective x", come from x", the linguistic complementary. Ancien has two temporal anchorages, the first one corresponding at the construction of x, and the second at his actualization. The adjective simple is a no-singularisation and intervene on the relation of alteration between the subjective level and the temporal level. Pur presents a centred domain on the exclusion of x'. Sacré, like the Latin sacer, depends of the subject of the enonciation. In the second part, we study the use of these syntagms in la Recherche du temps perdu of Proust. Ancien ascertains the different narrative voices and the ambiguity of the present. The important representativity of simple in anteposition, where we can see this alteration between the subjective level and the temporal level, has to do mostly with the plurality of the characters, the disenchantment, the lies, and the envy. Pur witch constructs a domain without alteration is seen mostly in the discourse on the art in Le temps retrouvé, where a new voice can be hear d, the voice of the author. Sacré presents a subjective domain in postposition
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Parviainen, Jennie. "Zombie Gods Seep Goo : A Study on the Translation of Imagery." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-44455.
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Abstract Imagery can be one of the difficulties a translator faces. It can be difficult to transfer the same image in a metaphor, simile, metaphorical adjective or a cultural reference to the target text. The aim of this study is to look at what translation strategies can be used for the translation of said imagery. The method is a quantitative analysis of the source text’s imagery types and a qualitative analysis of the translation strategies used. Since the language pair come from the same language family and have a lot of similarities in terms of culture, literal translations, equivalences and, in some cases, adaptions were suspected to be more frequent. The results show that for metaphors, similes and metaphorical adjectives literal translations were the most frequent ones, followed by equivalents carrying the same connotations, for metaphors and adjectives. Adaption, which is perhaps not really translation at all, was frequently used for the cultural references due to the target oriented approach. Omission and neutral explanations were used where the loss of information did not affect the presumed understanding of the target text reader. Transference, transposition and calque were used to some extent but not as frequent as suspected. In conclusion, when two languages are as similar as Swedish and English, a translator can go far by using literal translation or, where applicable, equivalents.
Books on the topic "Adjective simile"
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Tarumoto, Ann. Complete Japanese Adjective Guide: A Simple Approach to Japanese Grammar. Tuttle Publishing, 2001.
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Miller, D. Gary. The Oxford Gothic Grammar. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198813590.001.0001.
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This reference grammar of Gothic includes much history along with a description of Gothic grammar. Apart from runic inscriptions, Gothic is the earliest attested language of the Germanic family in Indo-European. Specifically, it is East Germanic. Most of the extant Gothic corpus is a 4th-century translation of the Bible, traditionally ascribed to Wulfila. This translation is historically important because it antedates Jerome’s Latin Vulgate. Gothic inflectional categories include nouns, adjectives, and verbs. Nouns are inflected for three genders, two numbers, and four cases. Adjectives also have weak and strong forms, as do verbs. Verbs are inflected for three persons and numbers, indicative and nonindicative mood (here called optative), past and nonpast tense, and voice. The mediopassive survives as a synthetic passive and syntactically in innovated periphrastic formations. Middle and anticausative functions were taken over by simple reflexive structures. Nonfinite are the infinitive, the imperative, and two participles. Gothic was a null subject language. Aspect was effected primarily by prefixes, relativization by relative pronouns built on demonstratives plus a complementizer. Complementizers were the norm with subordinated verbs in the indicative or optative. Switch to the optative was triggered by irrealis (the unreal), matrix verbs that do not permit a full range of subordinate tenses (e.g. hopes, wishes), potentiality, and alternate worlds. Many of these are also relevant to matrix clauses (independent optatives). Essentials of linearization include prepositional phrases, default postposed genitives and possessive adjectives, and preposed demonstratives. Verb-object order predominates, but there is considerable variation. Verb-auxiliary order is native Gothic.
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Publishing, SafOne. Easy and Simple Coloring Large Print Kids Book: Easy Coloring Book with Illustrations of Adjectives for Kids to Boost Their Vocabulary. Independently Published, 2020.
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Onuf, Nicholas Greenwood. Transitional Figures: J. L. Austin, Jay Forrester, Donna Haraway. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190879808.003.0012.
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Taking the so-called language turn in the 1970s, writers in literature and the arts indiscriminately deployed the adjectives “postmodern” and “postmodernist” to describe what comes next. Linking cognition and rule demands a turn specifically to speech and its function in making social experience intelligible. Speaking is doing; speakers seek to affect listeners, who respond by doing something themselves. Systematizing this simple claim of Austin’s offers a table of speech acts, rules, and rule—a classical response to modernist thinking, and not a transition. Instead the explosion of machine-processed information seems to have changed everything in daily life, perhaps to the extent that modernity that has entered “the information age,” in which a virtuous spiral of technological development will save capitalism. Yet Forrester’s systems dynamics points to technology out of control and growth beyond sustainable limits, while Haraway’s fantasy of cyborgs in control take the virtuous spiral for granted.
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Pinkster, Harm. The Oxford Latin Syntax. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199230563.001.0001.
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Volume II of the Oxford Latin Syntax deals with the syntax and pragmatics of complex sentences in Latin and other topics that transcend the simple clause (which is the content of Volume I). The volume starts with a chapter on subordination in general, followed by chapters on subordinate clauses that function as argument or as satellite in their sentence. Separate chapters are devoted to subordinate clauses governed by nouns and adjectives and to relative clauses. In addition there are chapters on coordination, comparison, secondary predicates, information structure of clauses and sentences including the use of emphatic particles, word order, and various discourse phenomena such as sentence connection. As in Volume I, the description of the Latin material is based upon texts from roughly 200 BC to AD 450. The Latin texts that are discussed are provided with an English translation. Supplements contain further examples to illustrate the main text. The grammatical framework used is mainly that of Functional Grammar but the description is accessible for readers without a modern linguistic background.
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Glanville, Peter John. Reflexive marking. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198792734.003.0004.
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Chapter 4 examines the semantics of Arabic reflexive verbs formed in pattern VII, which produces anticausative verbs, and pattern VIII, associated with the middle voice. It argues that these patterns result from the conversion of full reflexive pronouns into reflexive affixes, and considers the difference between them in the framework of an agency continuum. It then offers an analysis of reflexive verbs that do not participate in a verb alternation. The chapter argues that once a reflexive verb pattern comes about due to affixation, it becomes a morpheme paired with a reflexive semantic structure, and is then no longer restricted to producing verbs that alternate with an unmarked base verb. The chapter shows that verbs marked with this morpheme may be derived from a variety of base nouns and adjectives, or may not be derived at all, but simply marked because they construe a reflexive action.
Book chapters on the topic "Adjective simile"
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Parizoska, Jelena, and Ivana Filipović Petrović. "Variation of Adjectival Slots in kao (‘as’) Similes in Croatian: A Cognitive Linguistic Account." In Computational and Corpus-Based Phraseology. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69805-2_25.
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Efimova, Valeriya S. "On the Role of Old Church Slavonic Suffixation in the Calquing of Greek Compounds." In Slavic and Balkan linguistics. Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2658-3372.2020.1.06.
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The section discusses the translation settings of St. Cyril applicable to the transfer of Greek compounds and derivatives from compounds in the Old Church Slavonic language. The author reveals that initial St. Cyril's setting of translation of the two-root Greek words by simple (single-root) words further evolves towards the transfer by compounds. At the same time, another St. Cyril's setting retained: the use of the productive suffixes in the procedure of calquing of the two-root Greek counterparts. This setting indicated that the newly formed word was associated with adjectives or substantives. The suffixation by productive suffixes distinguished Old Church Slavonic compounding from compounding in Slavic folk speech of the time and was used more widely than in Greek compounding. The author suggests that in the absence of the article as such in the Slavic grammatical system, St. Cyril introduced the suffixation into the procedure for the formation of compounds to distinguish between adjective compounds and substantive compounds nominating objects (most often persons).
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"Simple descriptive sentences; Noun-adjective phrases; Some other types of adjective." In Colloquial Arabic of the Gulf. Routledge, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203133514-4.
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Fraser, P. M. "Associative Adjectives and Verbs." In Greek Ethnic Terminology. British Academy, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197264287.003.0010.
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This chapter focuses on the second aspect of associative nomenclature, that of adjectives terminating in -ειος. This termination, though rarely used as a simple ethnic form when no ambiguity existed between homonymous cities, has a perfectly valid role as an ethnic when need arose for a differentiation in such cases. The chapter examines its usage in general before turning to consideration of it as a termination of the names used for coins issued by independent rulers and states.
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Teslitska, H. I. "FORMAL-SYNTACTIC STRUCTURE OF SIMPLE SENTENCES WITH SEMI-PREDICATIVE ADJECTIVE COMPONENTS." In PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCE AND EDUCATION: TRANSFORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT VECTORS. Izdevnieciba “Baltija Publishing”, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-083-4-31.
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van Schaaik, Gerjan. "Sentential complements." In The Oxford Turkish Grammar. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198851509.003.0035.
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Not only transitive verbs can take a sentential complement. The lexical category of adjectives contains a limited number of items that can take a sentential complement. Also certain nouns, such as kinship terms, make sense only with some other notion in the background, and there are two ways in which this is expressed: by a genitive-possessive construction or by a nominal compound with a sentential complement. The third section shows that adjectives, nouns, and adverbs expressing an epistemic modality take their sentential complements in a similar way. An alternative is found in existential constructions with an infinitival complement in the dative. This pattern is common to predicates expressing a deontic modality as well. Postpositional sentential complements are treated in the final sections.
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Zheltov, Alexander Yu. "About some typological characteristics of Number in Niger-Congo languages." In DIGEST OF WORLD POLITICS. ANNUAL REVIEW. VOLUME 10. St. Petersburg State University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/26868318.10.
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The category of Number is often considered as rather simple comparing to such categories as case or nominal classification. However, a serious analysis of the morphosyntactic characteristics of the category shows that Number is an interesting and diverse category. The Niger-Congo languages demonstrate a great variety in the morphosyntactic characteristics of Number. At the first glance, the number in many languages refers to two types: a uniform marking of the number only in the plural (Mande — similar to English), the distinction of the singular by gender / class (Bantu — similar to Russian). However, the number in Mande and Bantu is fundamentally different from the number in English and Russian and refers to another typological category. Two more typological varieties in expression of number are demonstrated in the article: a special plural form for the names of people and pets (nyong, Adamawa), a kind of “split” under the influence of animacy hierarchy, and marking of number only in adjectives in attributive and predicative constructions without marking a number on a noun (Maya).
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Bloch-Trojnar, Maria. "The Role of Borrowing in the Derivation of Passive Potential Adjectives in Polish." In The Interaction of Borrowing and Word Formation, edited by Pius ten Hacken, Renáta Panocová, Pius ten Hacken, et al. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474448208.003.0007.
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The chapter deals with the role of the [±native] marking in the formation of deverbal adjectives terminating in the suffix -alny in Polish and attributes the rise in the productivity of the suffix in the past fifty years to the linguistic influence of English. It is argued that the influx and subsequent adaptation of English verbs coupled with the speakers’ awareness that -able and -alny discharge similar roles in their respective systems of word formation has a role to play in raising the productivity of the suffix. A frequency analysis supported by diachronic information conducted on the National Corpus of the Polish Language reveals that the rule produces twice as many hapax legomena in the foreign subdomain. However, the formation of -alny derivatives on borrowed or adapted stems seems to have given a new impulse to the formation of passive potential adjectives based on native bases. This is due to the fact that, counter to what previous analyses concluded, the rule is operative on transitive eventive verbs forming aspectual pairs irrespective of whether they are [±native].
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van Schaaik, Gerjan. "Spatial orientations." In The Oxford Turkish Grammar. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198851509.003.0010.
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Whereas the dative and ablative case markers are primarily used in combination with verbs denoting movement to and from some object, the locative signifies that all movement is absent. This natural relation justifies a simultaneous discussion of these case forms in deictic pronouns. These markers play a crucial role in expressions based on the genitive-possessive construction applied to nouns denoting a space. Such constructions fulfil the same job as prepositional phrases in other languages. Interestingly, these space nouns are used as pure adjectives as well, and in the final sections two other peculiarities are illustrated. Besides a fully fledged genitive-possessive construction, for metaphorical usage there is a construct without the genitive, the possessive part of which has much in common with a postposition. Secondly, adverbial phrases based on nouns denoting some location have come into existence in a similar way.
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Armond, Kate. "Conclusion." In Modernism and the Theatre of the Baroque. Edinburgh University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474419628.003.0008.
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To examine these particular writers and their work is to see baroque modernism as an aesthetic of human embodiment. That body may fracture, stand transfixed, move with exceptional grace and beauty, or spill over into other bodies, but it remains inextricably bound to the world of matter. In this bias, baroque modernism challenges the ability of the spoken and written word to capture and convey truth and sets itself apart from many examples of early and high modernist innovation. The manifestos of Vorticism, Futurism and Die Brucke had matched bold aims with bold print, as they privileged the printed word, making it a key part of experiment and expression. Marinetti’s visual disruptions of typography and syntax led him to favour nouns at the expense of verbs and adjectives, and he believed that he could convey meaning simply through the scale of his typography and its position on the page.
Conference papers on the topic "Adjective simile"
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"ADJSCALES: DIFFERENTIATING BETWEEN SIMILAR ADJECTIVES FOR LANGUAGE LEARNERS." In International Conference on Computer Supported Education. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0001972602280234.
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Starkey, Elizabeth M., Christopher A. Gosnell, and Scarlett R. Miller. "Implementing Creativity Evaluation Tools Into the Concept Selection Process in Engineering Education." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-47396.
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In design research, creativity assessment methods have been studied to obtain quantitative measurements of design novelty and feasibility for use in the concept selection process. However, little research exists that studies the application and implementation of these tools by engineering students on grade-dependent class projects. In this study, teams of undergraduate engineering design students evaluated their own early product sketches using informal team discussions, a creativity scale and our Tool for Assessing Semantic Creativity (TASC) adjective selection method. The resulting evaluations were compared and contrasted with evaluations obtained from the widely adopted Shah Vargas-Hernandez and Smith (SVS) method and expert ratings. These findings demonstrate that our TASC adjective selection method of evaluating design creativity is tapping into similar constructs of creativity as informal team discussions and expert evaluations. They also indicate that the SVS method does not appear to be evaluating creativity as perceived by engineering design students or experts. The results of this study can be used to understand how students make decisions during the concept selection process and how tools can be developed or implemented in the classroom setting to aid in this process.
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Xia, Yihui. "A Contrastive Analysis of Japanese and Chinese ‘Laughter’ Onomatopoeia and Mimetic Words." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2020. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2020.9-3.
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In the Japanese language, onomatopoeic words occupy an indispensable part of the lexicon. In particular, mimetic words used for laughing are the most iconic words. Some scholars point out that the alternation of phoneme type or manners of articulation are the expression of emotional overtones (Tamori 2002). For instance, the simple vowel /a/ conveys ‘cheerful, nice and pleasant laughs,’ while the constriction vowel /o/ signifies ‘more feminine and graceful.’ However, only a few studies focus on the symbolism of Chinese sounds in mimetic expressions. Therefore, further exploring the sound symbolism of Chinese mimetic words becomes essential. The principal purposes of this thesis are: 1) To explore the sound symbolism of onomatopoeia for laughing, which may help identify the differences between vowels; 2) to examine the relationship between the characteristics of onomatopoeia and the elements of culture in regard to the morphological and grammatical aspects of Japanese and Chinese. The sentences were collected from the corpus for Sino-Japanese translation. Consequently, it was found that 401 Japanese texts consisted of 155 onomatopoeias and 246 mimetic words; 281 Chinese texts consisted of 251 onomatopoeias and 30 mimetic words. Established from the collected corpus data, the sound and meaning of the words containing /a/ and /ei / in Chinese onomatopoeia and mimetic words were alike to those of the Japanese /a/ and /e/. Notably, Japanese texts containing the vowel /u/ are incredibly similar to Chinese texts that contain the vowel /i/. Although most Japanese onomatopoeia and mimetic expressions function as adverbs, this trend is not maintained in Chinese translations, and the use of verbs and adjectives is more frequent.