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Jacobsen, Susanne, and Jenny Servin. "Strokepatienters ADL-träning." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26984.
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Stroke är en av vårt lands vanligaste folksjukdom och sjukdomen drabbar denenskilde personen i olika grad. Sjukdomen kan innebära livslångt handikapp förden som drabbas. ADL-träning som utförs hjälper patienten att få tillbaka en delav den förmåga som förlorats genom sjukdomen och därigenom få livskvalitet.Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur inneliggande strokepatienters ADLträningsåg ut. Frågeställningarna var: Vad var planerat i varje patients ADLträning,vilken ADL-träning fick respektive patient och vilken personal var behjälplig.Studien utgjordes av observationer under en och en halv vecka på envårdavdelning i södra Sverige. Resultatet visar att strokepatienternas mål klaradesatt uppfyllas med hjälp av kontinuerlig rehabilitering.Stroke is one of our country’s most common disease and it strikes the individualin different ways. A lifelong disability/handicap might be a result of the disease.Activities of daily living help the patient to regain some of the strength that givesback quality of life. The aim with this study was to investigate how stroke-patientsin hospital gained ADL. Research questions were: What ADL was planned foreach patient, which ADL-training was given to each patient and what health carepersonnel helped them. This study was made as an observation and was performedduring one and a half week at a nursing ward in southern Sweden. Theresults indicate that the stroke patients´ goals were fulfilled with help of rehabilitation.
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Öfverdahl, Ewelyn. "Kartläggning av ADL-taxonomin : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Avdelningen för arbetsterapi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-182520.
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ADL-taxonomin är ett etablerat instrument inom arbetsterapi för att beskriva och utvärdera förmågan att klara aktiviteter i dagligt liv. Instrumentet används både kliniskt verksamhet och i forskning. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att kartlägga hur ADL-taxonomin har beskrivits och använts i forskningsartiklar de senaste 10 åren. Sökningar utfördes i CINAHL och PubMed vilket genererade 41 artiklar. Efter urval och kvalitetsgranskning återstod 13 av artiklarna. Resultatet visade att ADL-taxonomin i dessa studier har använts för att kartlägga ADL, utvärdera interventioner och utforska samband/relationer till annat än ADL, samt att förändringar i ADL-taxonomin genomförts i 11 av studierna, i form av tillägg av aktiviteter och numeriska skalor. En standardiserad numerisk skala och möjligheten till tillägg av aktiviteter bör undersökas i framtida studier för att fastställa validiteten och reliabilitet i studier och klinisk verksamhet. Det finns behov av fortsatt utveckling och forskning av ADL-taxonomin för att vidareutveckla instrument inom både den arbetsterapeutiska kliniska verksamheten och forskning.
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Törnquist, Kristina. "Att fastställa och mäta förmåga till dagliga livets aktiviteter (ADL) : en kritisk granskning av ADL-instrument och arbetsterapipraxis /." Göteborg : Institutionen för socialt arbete, Göteborgs universitet, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41300735q.
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Akademisk avhandling--Göteborg, 1995.Bibliogr. p. 192-212. Résumé en anglais sous le titre : "Verifying and measuring the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) : a critical examination of ADL instruments and the practice of occupational therapy" La publ. porte par erreur l'ISSN 1100-5394.
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Waldau, Viktor, and Max Elfvik. "Äldre patienters upplevelser av ADL inom slutenvården." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-224634.
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Bakgrund Förlust av förmågan att utföra självständig ADL är ett vanligt problem hos äldre i slutenvården. Detta leder till lidande och förlängda vårdtider. För att kunna utveckla omvårdnaden och för att motverka detta behövs ökad insikt om patienternas upplevelser vid minskad ADL-förmåga. Syfte Att beskriva äldre patienter med försämrad ADL-förmågas upplevelser av sin vård gällande utförande av ADL inom slutenvården. Metod Kvalitativ intervjustudie med åtta äldre patienter inneliggande på ett svenskt universitetssjukhus. Resultat Studiedeltagarna upplevde överlag att vården och personalen fungerade bra och att detta förbättrade deras upplevelse av att ha minskat i ADL-förmåga. Studiedeltagarna tyckte det var jobbigt att vara beroende av andra och få hjälp med personlig hygien. Vårdavdelningarnas rutiner och upplevelsen av att personalen var stressad gjorde att studiedeltagarna inte ville vara till besvär och ställa krav. Slutsats Resultaten visar att det finns ett behov av att utveckla ett mer personcentrerat förhållningsätt där riskpatienter identifieras och får möjlighet att vara delaktiga i arbetet för att stärka förmågan till självständigt utförande av ADL.Background Loss of the ability to independently perform tasks of basic ADL is a common problem in the care of institutionalized elderly. Loss of ADL function is a source of suffering and prolonged institutionalization. It is necessary to effectively counter the risks and develop the care a deeper insight of the experiences from patients with losses in their ADL function. Purpose To describe experiences of performing of ADL in hospital as described by institutionalized elderly with a loss of ADL function. Methods Qualitative interviews with eight elderly patients institutionalized at a Swedish university hospital. Results The participants had in general a positive opinion of the care they received and they felt that it improved the feeling of having lost some ADL function. They felt troubled about being dependent of someone else and getting help with private hygiene on the basis of its personal nature. The routines and the experience of stressed staff made the participants reluctant to make demands or ask for help. Conclusion The results of the study showed that there is a need to develop a person centered approach where patients at risk are identified and given opportunity to participate in the work to strengthen their ability to perform ADL independently.
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Edwards, David A. "ADL-Specific Versus Standard Aquatic Exercise in Older Persons." Scholarly Repository, 2011. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/588.
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With aging there is a decrease in a person’s ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) which may be most effectively addressed using training patterns that are biomechanically similar to ADL. Since aquatic exercise offers the opportunity to provide resistance with a high level of safety, the pool may afford the ideal environment for ADL-specific training in an aging population. Purpose: The purpose of this investigation was to compare a traditional aquatic exercise program (TRAD) to an aquatic program tailored to target ADL (ADLspec). Methods: Eighteen independently living individuals (68.7 + 7.5 years) were randomly assigned to a TRAD or ADLspec aquatic exercise group. The exercise groups attended 1 hr exercise sessions, 2 times per week for 8 weeks. ADL ability was assessed using the short version of the Continuous-Scale Physical Functional Performance Test (PFP-10); while strength and power were assessed using the 30s arm curl and 30 sec. chair stand tests. Results: Mixed design ANOVAs revealed a significant group x time interaction for floor sweep time with the ADLspec group outperforming the TRAD and control (CON) groups (p = .043). Additionally, the ADLspec group improved the pan weight and scarf time components of the PFP-10 (p < .020), while the TRAD group improved pan time and laundry time (p < .046). Both training groups showed similar improvements for jacket time, grocery weight, and 6-min walk, (p < .046). The ADLspec and TRAD groups also made similar improvements in upper and lower body strength, as well as lower body power across time, (p < .043). A student’s t-test revealed the TRAD group spent more time exercising during the hour session than the ADLspec group (p < .05). Conclusion: The results indicate that performing an ADLspec aquatic exercise program can increase performance of ADL that require more complex sequential movements; however, ADL more dependent on fitness may be better addressed using a TRAD intervention. These results can be helpful when designing a periodized aquatic training program to increase independence in older persons.
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Ahl, Gullan. "Reliabilitets- och validitetstestning av ADL-instrument RAINBOW - ett teamdokument." Thesis, Högskolan i Örebro, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-54256.
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Ett nytt instrument utvecklades från Katz´ ADL-index, vilket visat sig vara ett allt för grovt instrument, för att kartlägga patientens aktivitetsförmåga och självständighetsutveckling. Bedömningsinstrumentet innehåller patientdata samt kategori-index och kom att kallas RAINBOW på grund av att instrumentet är i fyrfärgstryck. En kontroll av det nykonstruerade team-instrumentet utfördes i syfte att mäta dess tillförlitlighet. Mellanbedömar reliabilitet mellan oberoende bedömare har prövats. Validiteten har analyserats på 4 patienter ur materialet och jämförts med Katz´ ADl-index. Studien, som bestod av parvisa oberoende bedömningar, utfördes av sjuksköterskor, sjukgymnaster och arbetsterapeuter. 40 patienter deltog i studien. Delaktivitetsbedömningarna uppgick till 950 och innehöll 36 avvikelser. Resultaten visade på 96 % samstämmighet i bedömningarna. Den kvalitativa analysen visade, i jämförelse med Katz´ ADL-index, att RAINBOW kategori-index gav utförligare information om patientens självständighetsnivå samt hjälpbehov. I denna studie bedömdes endast strokepatienter, men då begreppen som ingår i instrumentet kan anses allmängiltiga, torde det även kunna användas på andra diagnosgrupper. En gemensam rehabiliteringsterminologi gav teamarbetet en ökad kvalitet gällande bedömning, planering samt utvärdering av den enskilde patientens aktivitetsförmåga.Uppsatsarbete omfattande 10 poäng, C-nivå, inom ramen för arbetsterapeutprogrammet 120 p., Högskolan i Örebro, Institutionen för vårdvetenskap och omsorg. Författarens namn i uppsatsen är Gull-Britt Johansson.
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Stecksén, Anna. "Stroke thrombolysis on equal terms? : implementation and ADL outcome." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Medicin, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-139953.
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Stroke thrombolysis is a method for restoring cerebral blood flow after ischemic stroke, with high priority in the Swedish national guidelines. implementation of stroke thrombolysis in Swedish routine stroke care has shown marked differences between demographic groups, hospital types, and regions. The general aim of this thesis were to examine the implementation of ischemic stroke thrombolysis in Swedish routine stroke care with an equity perspective; to gain more insight into the factors that influence implementation, how the treatment has reached patient groups, and differences in long-term outcomes between women and men. Analysis of data from research interviews with clinicians working within stroke care displayed that the facilitators of and barriers to the implementation of stroke thrombolysis could broadly be categorized into those related to individuals, to social interactions and context, and to organizational and resource issues. Key facilitating factors expressed in interviews were work pride and motivation, good leadership, involvement of all staff members in the implementation process, and quality assurance. Major barriers concerned lack of competence and experience, outdated attitudes regarding stroke management, counterproductive power structures, lack of continuity, and insufficient human resources. National quality register data displayed that stroke thrombolysis treatment expanded to reach more patients with mild deficits. Groups with higher education were more likely to receive treatment, compared to groups with lower educational level. These education group differences have, however, decreased over time in relative terms, but not in absolute terms. Further, there were considerable between-hospitals differences in treatment rates for patients with milder deficits, associated with hospital’s overall stroke thrombolysis rates. Moreover, larger non-university hospitals displayed treatment rate differences between educational groups that were not attributable to patient characteristics. Among thrombolysis-treated women and men, that was independent in ADL before their stroke and survived the first year post-stroke, women experienced higher probability to be dependent in ADL at both 3 and 12 months post-stroke, compared to men. This difference remained significant despite comprehensive adjustments for individual characteristics, symptom severity, and acute effects from stroke thrombolysis. This thesis displays that clinicians face barriers and facilitators at several levels, suggesting implementation interventions could be targeted towards both the individual-, the social interactions and context-, and also the organisation and available resources level. Assurance of clinicians’ individual competence, peer support, and clinical leadership seem to be important areas to intervene. Stroke thrombolysis rates have expanded over time, and an increase in stroke thrombolysis delivery to patients with mild stroke symptoms has contributed to this increase. However, it seems considerable differences between hospitals inhibit equity of care delivery. Further, socioeconomically disadvantaged groups receive less often stroke thrombolysis. Type of hospital seems to play a role, yet the reasons for this difference are not fully understood. This thesis also display that stroke thrombolysis-treated women that survive 1 year after stroke, appears to face higher risk for dependency in ADL, compared to men.Incorrect ISBN in print version 978-91-760-711-1. Correct ISBN should be 978-91-7601-711-1.
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Andersson, Emelie, and Fredholm Max Olofsson. "Upplevelser av ADL efter stroke med motorisk funktionsnedsättning : Ett patientperspektiv." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen för Vårdvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-17601.
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Stroke är den vanligast förekommande sjukdomen i Sverige med cirka 30 000 insjuknanden per år. Ur ett svenskt och internationellt perspektiv är stroke den största orsaken till en icke medfödd funktionsnedsättning hos vuxna individer. Motorisk funktionsnedsättning efter stroke påverkar patienters förmåga att utföra aktiviteter i dagliga livet (ADL). Det inverkar på patienters upplevelse av livet och livskvalité. En begränsning av kroppskontroll medför även en förändrad relation till kroppen. År 2012 var cirka 20 procent av patienter beroende av stöd i ADL, tre månader efter insjuknandet i stroke. Studiens syfte är att beskriva upplevelser av påverkan på ADL hos strokepatienter med nedsatt motorisk funktion. Studien är en litteraturöversikt och bygger på kvalitetsgranskade kvalitativa primärkällor. Databaserna Cinahl och PubMed har använts för att identifiera vetenskapliga artiklar publicerade tidigast år 2000. Det resulterade i att nio kvalitativa artiklar med västerländskt ursprung inkluderades till studien. Fem teman framträdde ur artiklarna vilka utgör grunden för resultatet: upplevelse av att plötsligt drabbas av stroke, upplevelse av att vara isolerad, upplevelse av att vara beroende, upplevelse av otrygghet och upplevelse av förändrad identitet. Tidigare forskning bekräftar studiens resultat och beskriver insjuknandet i stroke via upplevelser av utsatthet och av att inte vara samma person. Forskningen lyfter även vikten att vara i ett betydelsefullt sammanhang. De negativa upplevelserna som patienter beskriver kan tänkas begränsas genom insatser från samhället och ett värdigt bemötande från sjuksköterskor med patienters livsvärld i fokus.Program: Sjuksköterskeutbildning
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Stone, James Jason. "Laboratory studies using sodium-bearing waste simulant - ADL 26-94." Thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12302008-063858/.
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Davidsson, Karin, and Inga Lundberg. "Instrumentell ADL-förmåga hos äldre kvinnor som har drabbats av höftfraktur." Thesis, Örebro University, School of Health and Medical Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-11235.
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Ding, Eric J. (Eric Jaw-Torng). "Using ADL for regression test development in a distributed object environment." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/41381.
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Shakely, Yar, and Disa Williamsson. "Psykometrisk utvärdering av instrument för ADL-förmåga hos patienter med psykossjukdomar." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-148286.
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Syftet var att utvärdera instrumentet Min Förmåga genom att undersöka 1) interbedömarreliabilitet och 2) konvergent validitet. Min Förmåga utarbetades för att möjliggöra enklare bedömningar av Aktiviteter i Dagligt Liv (ADL) på inneliggande patienter i psykiatrin. Delarna i instrumentet som undersöktes innehåller fasta svarsalternativ och motiveringar i fritext. Deltagarna var 36 patienter med psykossjukdomar. Varje patient bedömdes först av två olika skötare med Min Förmåga och därefter med de liknande instrumenten Functional Independence Measure (FIM) och Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). De fasta svarsalternativen analyserades med Cohens kappa för interbedömarreliabilitet och överensstämmelsen av motiveringarna analyserades kvalitativt. För konvergent validitet undersöktes korrelationen mellan Min Förmåga och FIM och GAF med Spearmans r. Resultatet visade hög interbedömarreliabilitet och hög konvergent validitet för de fasta svarsalternativen, samt hög grad av överensstämmelse mellan motiveringarna i fritext. En möjlig orsak till den höga interbedömarreliabiliteten kan vara att det endast fanns två fasta svarsalternativ, vilket tidigare forskning har visat kan leda till en överskattning av interbedömarreliabiliteten. Att FIM och GAF liknade Min Förmåga och administrerades under samma tidsperiod kan vara en orsak till den höga konvergenta validiteten. Då detta var en preliminär undersökning och antalet deltagare var bristfälligt bör fler utvärderingar av Min Förmåga göras i framtiden.
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Frisk, Lisa, and Marléne Risarv. "Den uppgiftsspecifika träningens påverkan på ADL-förmågan efter stroke : En litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för hälsa, lärande och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-84882.
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Aim: The aim with this literature review was to describe how task-specific training effects the ADL-capacity for people affected by stroke within occupational therapy intervention. Method: The data collection was conducted in two databases in medicine and health with a focus on occupational therapy and rehabilitation. The literature search was carried out in the databases CINAHL with full text and Pubmed. The inclusion criteria and quality review resulted in twelve quantitative studies. The studies were analyzed through the three steps regarding study analysis described in Friberg (2017). The analysis ended in five categories which report the result. Results: The results are reported in the categories; The definition and the nature of task-specific training, The context of the intervention and the choice of task or activity, Task-specific training in combination with another measure, The result of the task-specific training's impact on functional ability, The result of the task-specific training's impact on performance capacity. The results showed that task-specific training was defined, performed and combined in different ways in the studies. The task-specific training improved the function of the upper extremity and increased mobility and coordination. The task-specific training improved the participants performance capacity where the occupational performance and self-perceived performance capacity improved. Conclusion: The results showed that task-specific training had a positive impact on ADL-capacity since functional and performance capacity had improved for people affected by stroke. The authors believe that more research is needed on how task-specific training should be carried out as there is currently no constant description of the method. More studies should be conducted where participants exersice in activities.
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Lundberg, Mia. "Bedömning av ADL-förmåga hos äldre personer med höftfraktur : -En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Avdelningen för arbetsterapi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-157117.
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Höftfraktur är en vanligt förekommande diagnos som medför allvarliga hälsorisker och risk för nedsatt förmåga till aktiviteter i dagliga livet (ADL) för äldre personer. ADL är väsentlig vid arbetsterapi, men det saknas nationella rekommendationer för val av bedömningsinstrument. En litteraturstudie genomfördes för att kartlägga vilka bedömningsinstrument som användes inom aktuell forskning vid bedömning av ADL-förmåga hos patienter över 65 år med höftfraktur. Följande frågeställningar undersöktes: Vilka bedömningsinstrument används och vad kännetecknar dessa instrument? Hur motiverades valet av bedömningsinstrument för äldre personer med höftfraktur? Vilka erfarenheter framkommer vid användningen/tillämpningen av dessa instrument? Vilka psykometriska egenskaper refererades till? Sökningen utfördes i två steg, först en sökning i databaserna Pubmed och Cinahl samt manuellt via referenslistor och i nästa steg söktes information om de inkluderade bedömningsinstrumentens psykometriska egenskaper. Åtta bedömningsinstrument inkluderades och kategoriserades till tre olika grupper; Två av grupperna bedömde grad av oberoende/beroende vid utförande av P- eller I-ADL och den tredje gruppen bidrog till målformulering och ökad delaktighet vid ADL. Resultatet visade att instrumenten var standardiserade och visade god till hög reliabilitet. I de fall validiteten nämndes var den god men orsaken till val av bedömningsinstrument och erfarenhet av dessa redovisades sällan. I studiens diskussion konstateras att syftet med bedömning av ADL-förmåga bör styra valet av bedömningsinstrument och genom att välja flera instrument kan arbetsterapeuten få en bredare och tydligare bild av patientens förmåga. Utifrån studiens resultat föreslås att arbetsterapeuten väljer ett bedömningsinstrument för att bedöma grad av beroende och sedan kompletterar med ytterligare ett instrument som bidrar till målformulering och ökad delaktighet vid ADL.
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Niklasson, Joakim. "En enkätstudie om ADL-bedömningens betydelse för patientens uppfattningar om sin utförandekapacitet." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för rehabilitering, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-37397.
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Abstrakt Bakgrund: Befolkningen i Sverige blir äldre vilket medför komplicerade åkommor, återinläggningar och ökat tryck på hälso- och sjukvården. Bristande uppfattningar om utförandekapacitet hos patienten bidrar till återinläggning. Genom att bedöma aktiviteter i dagliga livet (ADL) kan arbetsterapeuten kartlägga bristande aktivitetsområden hos individen. Syfte: Att undersöka patienters uppfattningar om sin utförandekapacitet och huruvida dessa påverkas av en ADL-bedömning eller ej. Metod: Prospektiv tvärsnittsstudie genom enkätundersökning. Ett instrument för att samla in uppskattad utförandekapacitet skapades, för att svara på syftet. 32 personer deltog i studien. Data från instrumentet sammanställdes samt analyserades i SPSS genom paried samples T-test. Resultat: Patienternas uppfattningar om sin utförandekapacitet samstämde vid första skattning till 21% med ADL-bedömningen. Patienternas skattning efter ADL-bedömning samstämde till 71%, en ökning på 238% med en trestjärnig signifikansnivå, p=0,0000 genom paried samples T-test. Slutsats: ADL-bedömning är grundläggande för att säkerställa att patienternas uppfattningar om sin utförandekapacitet samstämmer med hur aktuellt vårdtillfälle påverkat det tidigare aktivitetsutförandet. ADL-bedömning är en viktig del av vårdkedjan och arbetsterapeuten har ett unikt sätt att utreda patientens behov.Abstract Background: The population in Sweden is getting older, which results in complicated conditions, re-admissions and increased pressure on healthcare services. Patients’ deficient perceptions of their performance capacity contributes to re-admission. By estimating activities in daily life (ADL), the occupational therapist map areas of activity in which the patient performs insufficient. Purpose: To investigate patients’ perceptions of their performance capacity and whether these are affected by an ADL assessment or not. Method: Prospective cross-sectional study through a questionnaire. An instrument for gathering estimated performance capacity was created. 32 people participated in the study. Data from the instrument was compiled and analyzed in SPSS by paried samples T-test. Results: Patients' perceptions of their performance capacity matched at first estimation to 21% with the ADL-assessment. Patients' estimation after ADL assessment conformed to 71%, an increase of 238% on a three-star significance level, p = 0.0000 by paried samples T-test. Conclusion: ADL assessment is essential to ensure that the patients’ perceptions of their performance capacity are consistent with how the current hospitalization affect their performance. ADL assessment is an important part of the care chain, and the occupational therapist has a unique way to investigate patient needs.
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Silva, Áurea Valéria Pereira da. "Persistência de dados clínicos baseada nas definições ADL de arquétipos do OpenEHR." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6726.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Introduction: OpenEHR is a standardization of Health Information Systems (HIS) that is mainly concerned with the exchange of Electronic Health Records (EHR). One of the major obstacles to the adoption of openEHR is the lack of database persistence specifications. Objective: The aim of this work is the mapping of storage structures from the Archetype Definition Language (ADL) specifications which describe clinical knowledge structure. Method: This research initially makes a systematic mapping about persistence structures that are derived directly from ADL specifications, i.e. without dependences from the Reference Model (RM) of openEHR. A new persistence strategy is proposed and compared with ones found in the literature. Results: Assumptions, criteria and rules were used to present the proposed approach. Its evaluation considered quantitative aspects of persistence structures. Conclusion: The evaluation revealed some advantages of proposed approach, such as: reductions of reference attributes (referential integrity) and redundancy in clinical database; production of unidentified clinical records in relation to the patient; creation of a single base table for each archetype, regardless of its use in the form of slots; scalability of database schema (stable number of database tables), even in the occurrence of recursion through slots.
Introdução: OpenEHR é uma padronização dos Sistemas de Informação em Saúde (SIS) que se preocupa principalmente com a troca de Registros de Saúde Eletrônicos (RES). Um dos maiores obstáculos à adoção do openEHR é a carência de especificações de persistência de banco de dados. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é o mapeamento de estruturas de armazenamento a partir das especificações Archetype Definition Language (ADL) que descrevem a estrutura do conhecimento clínico. Métodos: Esta pesquisa inicialmente faz um mapeamento sistemático sobre estruturas de persistência que são derivadas diretamente de especificações ADL, isto é, sem dependências do Modelo de Referência (RM) de openEHR. Uma nova estratégia de persistência é proposta e comparada com as encontradas na literatura. Resultados: Foram utilizados pressupostos, critérios e regras para apresentar a abordagem proposta. Uma avaliação considerou aspectos quantitativos das estruturas de persistência, em comparação com o que foi encontrado na literatura. Conclusões: A avaliação revelou algumas vantagens da abordagem proposta, tais como: reduções de atributos de referência (integridade referencial) e redundância em banco de dados clínicos; produção de registros clínicos não identificados em relação ao paciente; criação de uma tabela de base única para cada arquétipo, independentemente da sua utilização sob a forma de slots; escalabilidade do esquema de banco de dados (número estável de tabelas de banco de dados), mesmo na ocorrência de recursão através de slots.
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Alosco, Michael L. "Executive Function and Instrumental ADL Performance in Older Adults with Heart Failure." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1364204867.
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Renman, Amanda. "Mobilt system för aktivitetsbedömning." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-72676.
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Vid bedömning av allmän daglig livsföring (ADL) försöker man analysera hur en människa med fysisk och/eller psykisk funktionsnedsättning kan utföra olika aktiviteter i det dagliga livet, såsom personlig hygien, matlagning och städning. Arbetsterapeuter utför den subjektiva bedömningen med hjälp av standardiserade checklistor. I vissa fall ger inte det en tillräckligt nyanserad bild av en persons förmåga och det finns behov av bättre ett system som kan användas vid ADL-bedömningar av personer med olika typer av funktionsnedsättning. Målet med detta projekt har varit att ta fram ett mobilt system för aktivitetsbedömning anpassat för hemmiljö. Systemet är uppdelat i två delsystem. Delsystem 1 består av en mobiltelefonapplikation anpassad för Android som tillsammans med en rörelsesensor registrerar aktiviteten hos en person. Delsystem 2 är en PC-mjukvara för Windows som dels lagrar insamlat data i en databas dels visar mätresultaten i form av grafer. Systemet har testats och utvärderats i hemmiljö vid några olika typer av enklare aktiviteter.The assessment of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) seeks to analyze how well a person with physical and/or mental disabilities can perform various tasks in the daily life, such as personal hygiene, cooking and cleaning. Occupational therapists perform the subjective assessment using standardized checklists. These do not provide a sufficiently detailed picture of a person’s ability, so there is a need for an improved system that can be used for ADL assessment of people with different types of disabilities. The aim of this project has been to develop a mobile system for ADL assessment adapted for a home environment. The system is divided into two subsystems. Subsystem 1 consists of a mobile phone application for Android which, together with a motion sensor, records a person’s activity. Subsystem 2 is a Windows application that stores collected data in a database and displays the measurement results in the form of a graph. The system has been tested and evaluated in a home environment with some different types of simple activities.
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Arguelles, Michael A. "Using IT-21 tools to provide Asynchronous Distributed Learning (ADL) to the fleet." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA379253.
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Thesis (M.S. in Information System Technology)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2000.Thesis advisors: Porter, Gary ; Jones, Carl. "June 2000." Includes bibliographical references (p. 68). Also Available online.
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Jiang, Chen. "MB-FICA: An ADL framework for multi-bit fault injection and coverage analysis." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123312.
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Safety-critical systems (SCS) may experience soft errors due to upsets caused by externalevents such as cosmic rays, packaging radiation and thermal neutrons. Traditional errormodeling techniques often only address single bit corruptions and analysis based on populartechniques such as architectural vulnerability factor (AVF) treat each bit as independent.However recent studies have shown a dramatic increase in multi-bit upset (MBU) wherethe failure of a single bit is highly correlated with its neighboring bits. This phenomenon isdue to shrinking transistors and resulting increases in transistor density, making a particlestrike capable of corrupting multiple bits at a time. To assist designers with MBU mitigation in microprocessor register les (RF), we havedeveloped a novel framework (available at http://bhm.ece.mcgill.ca/~mb-fica) to simulate and analyze the eect of MBU and the eectiveness of fault tolerance techniques.Unlike the prior work, our approach performs fault injection in microarchitecture includingmitigation technologies and simulates the consequent behavior of the system running various benchmarks. In this framework, we consider (a) the eect of SRAM layout on MBUpatterns, (b) the data-dependent nature of transient upsets, and (c) runs benchmarks tocompletion to accurately evaluate fault coverage under dierent mitigation techniques. Fault injection is computationally expensive, especially in the context of MBU; consequently, we propose a suite of fault injection acceleration techniques that reduce theexecution time of individual trials by only simulating mitigation techniques when faults arepresent, and stopping simulation entirely when all errors have been detected or corrected.When evaluating parity, SECDED, and 2-bit 2D ECC, our results demonstrate a speedupin the fault injection performance of 14x on average, and up to nearly 60x in one case.Les systemes de securite critiques (SCS) peuvent rencontrer des erreurs doux en raison deperturbations causees par des evenements exterieurs tels que les rayons cosmiques, rayonnement de l'emballage et de neutrons thermiques. Les techniques traditionnelles demodelisation d'erreur souvent ne traitent que des corruptions et d'analyse uniques bitsbases sur des techniques populaires tels que le facteur de vulnerabilite architecturale (AVF)traiter chaque bit comme independant. Toutefois, des etudes rcentes ont montre une augmentation spectaculaire renversement multi-bits (MBU) ou la defaillance d'un seul bit estfortement correlee avec ses bits voisins. Ce phenomene est dû a la diminution des transistors et l'augmentation de la densite des transistors resultant, faisant une gresve de laparticule capable de corrompre plusieurs bits a la fois. Pour aider les concepteurs a MBU attenuation dans les chiers du registre du microprocesseur, nous avons developpe une structure original (disponible sur le site http://bhm.ece.mcgill.ca/~mb-fica) pour simuler et analyser l'eet de MBU et l'ecacite des techniques de tolerance aux pannes. Contrairement au travail avant, notre approche eectuel'injection de fautes dans la microarchitecture qui est integre avec les technologies fauted'attenuation et presente le comportement decoule du systeme executant divers criteres.Dans ce cadre , nous considerons (a) l'eet de la SRAM mise sur les modeles MBU ,(b) la nature des donnees dependant de troubles transitoires , et (c) execute des reperespour l'achevement d'evaluer avec precision la couverture de faute en vertu de dierentestechniques d'attenuation . Injection d'erreur est co^uteuse en ressources informatiques, en particulier dans le contexte de la MBU, par consequent, nous proposons une gamme de techniques d'accelerationde l'injection de fautes qui reduisent le temps d'execution des essais individuels que desimuler des techniques d'attenuation en cas de defauts sont presents, et l'arrêt de la simulation tout quand tout erreurs ont ete detectees ou corrigees. Lors de l'evaluation parite,SECDED, et 2 bits 2D ECC, nos resultats montrent une acceleration de la performance del'injection de fautes de 14x en moyenne, et jusqu'a pres de 60x dans un cas.
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Herbegue, Hajer. "Approche ADL pour la modélisation d'architecture basée sur les contraintes (calcul de WCET)." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2448/.
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La modélisation des systèmes temps-réel nécessite la connaissance de la borne supérieure des temps d'exécution possibles des tâches temps-réel, appelée temps d'exécution pire-cas ou WCET-Worst Case Execution Time. Le calcul du WCET par analyse statique est basée sur l'analyse du flot de contrôle du programme. Les chemins d'exécution du programme sont composés de séquences d'instructions, qu'on appelle les blocs de base, et des contrôles. Une étape de l'analyse statique, appelée analyse du pipeline, permet d'étudier l'impact de la micro-architecture sur le temps d'exécution des instructions du bloc de base. Le travail de cette thèse s'intéresse à l'analyse du pipeline pour le calcul du WCET. Cette étape du flotot de calcul du WCET prend en compte les caractéristiques du jeu d'instructions et les caractéristiques matérielles du processeur. On a alors besoin de spécifications haut-niveau de l'architecture logicielle et matérielle des processeurs. Nous considérons les langages de description d'architecture (Architecture Description Languages-ADL) pour la description du processeur. Les ADLs, comme Sim-nML, HARMLESS, LISA, sont utilisés pour la génération d'outils ciblés (simulateurs, assembleurs), la vérification, etc. Parmi les outils, OTAWA est un environnement pour l'analyse de temps, qui implémente différentes méthodes de calcul du temps d'exécution pire-cas. Actuellement, OTAWA utilise le langage Sim-nML pour la spécification du jeu d'instructions (le niveau ISA) de l'architecture. Ce travail de thèse est une contribution à OTAWA par une approche ADL pour l'analyse du pipeline. Le but étant d'améliorer l'expressivité en terme de description des processeurs, nous proposons une extension du langage de description Sim-nML, comme première contribution. Cette extension permet de supporter, en plus de la description du jeu d'instructions, la description matérielle de processeurs complexes. Elle permet aussi de séparer l'étape de description d'architecture de l'étape d'analyse et de calcul du temps. Cette extension permet une description déclarative des ressources disponibles et de leurs caractéristiques et aussi de superposer le modèle d'utilisation de ressources des instructions à la description initiale des instructions, qu'on appellera modèle d'exécution. La deuxième contribution de cette thèse consiste à mettre en place une nouvelle méthode pour le calcul du temps d'exécution d'un bloc de base. Nous proposons une méthode nouvelle pour le calcul du temps de bloc de base, basée sur la programmation par contraintes (Constraint Satisfaction Problem-CSP). Nous avons inscrit cette méthode dans une approche automatisée, basée sur la spécification ADL du processeur et sur une séquence d'instructions à analyser (le bloc de base). Nous utilisons des langages de spécification de contraintes et des outils de résolutions. Le principe est d'exprimer les propriétés structurelles et temporelles de l'architecture et des instructions avec des contraintesThe analysis of the worst-case execution time (WCET) is necessary in the design of critical real-time systems. To get sound and precise times, the WCET analysis of these systems must be performed on binary code and based on static analysis. Each execution path of the analyzed program is split into code snippets, called basic blocs. A pipeline analysis consists in modeling the execution of basic blocks on the pipeline and evaluating the impact of the hardware features on the corresponding execution costs. This thesis focuses on the pipeline analysis for WCET computation. The pipeline analysis considers the instruction set architecture and the hardware features of the processor. Then, a high level specification of the software and hardware architecture is needed. We consider Architecture Description Languages (ADL) for processors description. The ADLs, like Sim-nML, HARMLESS, LISA, are used for the generation of retargetable tools, such as simulators, assemblers, in verification, etc. OTAWA is a framework dedicated to the WCET computation that is able to integrate different kind of methods of computation. The instruction set architecture (the ISA level) is expressed in the Sim-nML language. Our work consists in extending the OTAWA framework with an ADL-based approach for pipeline analysis. The aim of our work has been to enhance the expressivity of OTAWA with regard to the processor description language. In order to do so, we first extend the Sim-nML language, to support both the instruction set description and the hardware description. The extended Sim-nML supports the description of hardware components features and superpose the resource usage model of the instructions, that we call execution model, to the initial description. This document also presents a new method to compute a basic bloc execution time. The proposed method is based on constraint programming (Constraint Satisfaction Problem-CSP). We integrated this method in an automated approach, based on the Sim-nML specification of the target processor and based on the instruction sequence to analyse (the basic bloc). We use constraints to express the structural and the temporal properties of the architecture and the instructions, which resolution provides the time cost of basic blocs of a program. Our method uses well known constraint specification languages and resolution tools. The experimentations provide more accurate times. During this thesis, we have been concerned with the formalization of the architecture specification and the results validation. We propose a logic based description of the static and dynamic properties of the architecture and of the basic bloc instructions, presented as a set of high-level constraints. The goal is to provide a reusable library in which the architectuser can find a set of reusable quantitative properties, that assist him in the formalization of the architecture specification. A validation and animation tool was developed based on timed automata. We validate time results provided by the constraints solvers. We generate animated views that assist the architect to validate general dynamic properties and replay the instructions execution
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Schultz, Max Ruben de Oliveira. "Geração automática de ferramentas de inspeção de código para processadores especificados em ADL." Florianópolis, SC, 2007. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/89982.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação.Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-23T04:52:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 238675.pdf: 860340 bytes, checksum: 00c1c8aa0d78472158850eb25bcedfd5 (MD5)
Um sistema embarcado pode ter todos os seus componentes eletrônicos implementados em um único circuito integrado, dando origem ao assim chamado System-on-a-Chip (SoC). Um SoC é composto de uma ou mais CPUs e por componentes não programáveis, tais como memória(s), barramento(s) e periférico(s). A CPU escolhida pode ser um processador dedicado, denominado Application-Specific Instruction-Set Processor (ASIP). O projeto de SoCs requer ferramentas para a inspeção de código, a fim de se explorar a corretude do software embarcado a ser executado em cada CPU. Isto pode ser feito através da geração automática de ferramentas a partir de um modelo formal de CPU, cujas características podem ser descritas através do uso de Linguagens de Descrição de Arquiteturas (Architecture Description Language - ADLs). Como o redirecionamento manual das ferramentas para cada CPU explorada seria inviável devido à pressão do time-to-market, o redirecionamento automático é mandatório. Esta dissertação contribui com a expansão do módulo de geração de ferramentas de manipulação de código binário associado à ADL ArchC, através da geração automática de desmontadores e depuradores de código. As ferramentas de desmontagem e depuração de código foram validadas por meio de comparação com ferramentas nativas congêneres para modelos de arquiteturas RISC e CISC (i8051, MIPS, SPARC e PowerPC). Para fins de experimentação, foram usados os benchmarks MiBench e Dalton, evidenciando a corretude e a robustez das ferramentas. Além disso, mostra-se a integração do gerador de desmontadores no âmbito de um tradutor binário, proposto como resultado de trabalho cooperativo (também reportado em outras duas dissertações correlatas).
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Ilcin, Sümeyya [Verfasser], Josef [Gutachter] Kessler, and Manfred [Gutachter] Döpfner. "Entwicklung und psychometrische Evaluation eines kultursensiblen ADL-Fragebogens zum Demenz-Screening bei Migranten türkischer Herkunft (Cologne Culture ADL) unter Differenzierung von Selbst- und Angehörigenauskunft / Sümeyya Ilcin ; Gutachter: Josef Kessler, Manfred Döpfner." Köln : Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Medizin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1203567561/34.
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Andersdotter, Hanna. "Important building blocks of an Architectural Description Language." Thesis, University of Skövde, Department of Computer Science, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-636.
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Software Architectures is an area that started to develop in the beginning of the 1990's. Through Software Architectures, software engineering developers have new improved opportunities for reusing, understanding, communication, analysis etc. To describe Software Architectures, Architecture Description Languages (ADLs) were proposed in the middle of the 1990's. There is not yet any common well-accepted definition of what an ADL really is. There are two tracks however; the first consider that an ADL's primary role is to provide formal syntax and a lower level of semantics; the second approach means that communication and understanding is the most important part for an ADL to play.
Because of the lack of a common definition, numerous ADLs have been developed, each with their own strengths and weaknesses and all reflecting their developers' view on what an ADL is. The problem with these ADLs is that they work in a standalone fashion and can not use the facilities of the other ADLs. ACME has been developed to solve this problem. ACME is an Architecture Description Interchange Language, which means that it can serve as a bridge between different ADLs, i.e. that one ADL can use the features of another ADL.
There are some software engineering researchers that consider ACME not to be an ADL, since ACME is the least common denominator of the present ADLs and is according to the researchers therefore not an ADL in itself. Therefore, in this report we will first compare ACME with other ADLs, and then present what features ACME needs to add to its environment to become an ADL.
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Uthamaputhiran, Vineetha. "The MoCA and ADL Items Separate Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Parkinson's Disease." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5656.
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The aim of this study is to establish a brief screening tool to classify PD patients as PD with normal cognition (PD-N), PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and PD patients with dementia (PD-D). There has been emerging evidence that the MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) shows potential for the brief assessment of cognition to differentiate among PD patients. One possible solution to further improve the discrimination among PD-D, PD-MCI and PD-N groups is to examine Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) measures in conjunction with the MoCA. A convenience sample of 162 patients suffering from PD and 53 volunteer control subjects were examined in a movement disorders center. Extensive neuropsychological testing was done to classify the PD patients into PD-N, PD-MCI or PD-D. The 24 patients were diagnosed as PD-D based on the Movement Disorders Society Task Force criteria. For PD-MCI, two criteria were used: 1.5SD:2 in one-domain (1.5 SD below the norms on two measures in at least one of four cognitive domains) and 1.5SD:1 in two-domains (1.5 SD below normative data in at least one measure but in two domains) which made a diagnosis of 34 and 39 PD-MCI patients respectively. The remaining patients were classified as PD-N. For both the MCI criteria, the results suggest that 1) for discriminating PD-MCI from PD-N, the MoCA is a sufficiently suitable screening measure that is not improved by adding ADL measures, 2) for distinguishing PD-D from PD-MCI, the MoCA and the full ADL-IS questionnaire can be administered to a patient suffering from PD. When time is limited and depending on the possibility of answering the questions regarding the ADL-IS items, the MoCA along with the Muddled and Complex Medication ADL-IS items should be administered. When no scores are obtained for Muddled, then MoCA along with Complex Medication ADL-IS item is sufficient to discriminate PD-D from PD-MCI. However, if no scores are obtained for Complex Medication item, then an average of four ADL-IS items should be taken along with the MoCA. This attractive brief screening tool helps in detection of cognitive impairment in the elderly.
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LEITE, Jéssica Costa. "Glittre ADL-Test na avaliação da capacidade funcional de indivíduos adultos com insuficiência cardíaca." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18732.
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Jessica Costa Leite Dissertação biblioteca.pdf: 2482817 bytes, checksum: 715e09130c0c870e02c729e7f66aa39e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-08T14:50:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Jessica Costa Leite Dissertação biblioteca.pdf: 2482817 bytes, checksum: 715e09130c0c870e02c729e7f66aa39e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-27
CAPES
A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é uma síndrome cardiovascular com impacto na saúde pública, leva a redução da capacidade funcional, limitando a execução de atividades de vida diária e de exercícios físicos. Considerada de grande importância, a capacidade funcional pode ser avaliada por uma variedade de instrumentos, tais como questionários e testes de campo, sendo o Teste de exercício cardiopulmonar considerado o padrão ouro. O Glittre ADL-Test, é um teste funcional submáximo que busca representar as atividades do cotidiano, uma vez que envolve um conjunto de tarefas comuns na vida diária. Esta dissertação está estruturada sob a forma de dois artigos originais. O primeiro artigo teve como objetivo avaliar e estabelecer um valor de diagnóstico para o Glittre ADL-Test em indivíduos adultos com Insuficiência Cardíaca, quando comparado ao padrão ouro. Foi realizado análise de acurácia do tempo de realização do Glittre ADL-Test em comparação com o VO2pico dado pelo TECP, utilizando o ponto de corte para o VO2pico de 16 ml/Kg/min a partir da classificação de Weber. O melhor ponto de corte encontrado foi de 258 segundos, com sensibilidade de 88,89% (IC 95%, 65,29-98,62) e especificidade de 70% (IC 95%, 45,72-88,11), com área sob a curva de 0,80 (IC 95% 0,66-0,94 e p 0,001). A prevalência encontrada no estudo para baixa capacidade funcional (VO2pico < 16 ml/Kg/min-1) foi de 47,3%, e para um TTotal maior que 258 segundos encontramos VPP de 72,73% (IC 95%, 49,78-89,2) e VPN de 87,50% (IC 95%, 61,65-98,4). A RV positiva para o ponto de corte de 258 segundos foi de 2,96 (IC 95% 1,49-5,90), e a RV negativa foi de 0,16 (IC 95% 0,04-0,60), resultando em um pós-teste positivo de 73% e negativo de 12%. O segundo artigo teve como objetivo investigar se o tempo necessário para realização do Glittre ADL-Test varia de acordo com a classificação de Weber para o VO2 pico, e sua correlação com a força muscular respiratória, função pulmonar e mobilidade diafragmática. O tempo médio de realização do Glittre ADLTest foi de 286,5 segundos, houve diferença significativa entre as classes A (254,1 segundos) e C (324 segundos) de Weber (p<0,05). O Glittre ADL-Test mostrou correlações significativas com a PImáx (r=-0,445 – p<0,01), com a PEmáx (r=-0,531 – p<0,01) e com a mobilidade diafragmática (r=-0,361 – p<0,05). Vinte e oito pacientes realizaram um segundo teste, na análise de reprodutibilidade, o ICC encontrado foi de 0,76 (IC 95% 0,17-0,91) e p<0,01. Conclusão: Os valores de sensibilidade, especificidade, VPP e VPN, mostraram que o Glittre ADL-Test é acurado na avaliação da capacidade funcional de pacientes com IC. É útil e pode ser usado na prática clínica, pois também se mostrou capaz de refletir a performance funcional destes indivíduos e apresentou correlação com a força muscular respiratória e mobilidade diafragmática.
Heart failure (HF) is a cardiovascular syndrome with enormous impact on public health, leading to reduced functional capacity in terms of both physical limitations to activities of daily living as well as the implementation of physical exercises. Considered of great importance, functional capacity can be assessed by a variety of instruments such as questionnaires and field tests, and cardiopulmonary exercise test considered the gold standard. The Glittre ADL-Test is a submaximal functional test that seeks to represent the daily activities, since it involves a set of common tasks in everyday life. This paper is structured in the form of two original articles. The first article was to evaluate and establish a diagnostic value for the Glittre ADL-Test in adults with heart failure when compared to the gold standard was carried out accuracy analysis of the Glittre ADLTest performance time compared to the data peak VO2 CPX by using the cutoff point for the peak VO2 of 16 ml/kg/min from the Weber classification. The best cutoff point was of 258 second, with a sensitivity of 88.89% (95% CI 65.29 to 98.62) and a specificity of 70% (95% CI 45.72 to 88.11) with an area under the curve of 0.80 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.94 and p 0.001). The prevalence found in the study to low functional capacity (peak VO2 <16 ml / kg / min) was 47.3%, and for TTotal greater than 258 seconds found PPV of 72.73% (95% CI, 49, 78 to 89.2) and VPN 87.50% (95% CI, 61.65 to 98.4). The positive LR to the cutoff point of 258 seconds, it was 2.96 (95% CI 1.49 to 5.90) and the negative LR was 0.16 (95% CI 0.04 to 0.60) resulting in a positive post-test of 73% and negative 12%. The second study aimed to investigate whether the time required to perform the Glittre ADL-Test varies according to Weber's rating for the peak VO2, and its correlation with respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function and diaphragmatic mobility. The mean duration of the Glittre ADL-Test was 286.5 seconds there was a significant difference between the classes (254.1 seconds) and C (324 seconds) Weber (p <0.05). The Glittre ADL-Test showed significant correlations with MIP (r=-0.445 - p <0.01), with the MEP (r = -0.531 - p <0.01) and diaphragmatic mobility (r=-0.361 - p <0.05). Twenty-eight patients underwent a second test, the reproducibility of analysis, the ICC found was 0.76 (95% CI 0.17 to 0.91) and p <0.01. Conclusion: The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV, showed that the Glittre ADLTest is accurate in assessing the functional capacity of patients with HF. It is useful and can be used in clinical practice, he was also able to reflect the functional performance of these individuals and correlated with respiratory muscle strength and diaphragmatic mobility.
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Ahl, Gullan. "Språkets betydelse för kvalitetssäkring i vård och rehabiliteringsinsatser : en validitetsstudie av terminologin i ADL-verktyget Rainbow." Thesis, Jönköping University, HHJ, Institutet för gerontologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-35960.
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Titel: Språkets betydelse för kvalitetssäkring i vård och rehabiliteringsinsatser en validitetsstudie av terminologin i ADL-verktyget Rainbow Sammanfattning INLEDNING Vårdplaneringar kräver ett entydigt och nyanserat språk för att identifiera patienternas förmåga och insatsbehov gällande aktiviteter i det dagliga livet (ADL). Studiens utgångspunkt är KASAM, människans behov av sammanhang, begriplighet, hanterbarhet och meningsfullhet i sitt dagliga liv. SYFTE Att belysa och validera ADL-terminologin inom sjukvård och rehabilitering. METOD Uppsatsen är en kvalitativ och kvantitativ studie med en deduktiv ansats. ADL-verktyget Rainbow användes som mall. Materialet har insamlats genom enkäter och fokusgruppsintervjuer. Biståndshandläggare och arbetsterapeuter har intervjuats. Studien beskriver även hur en grupp seniorer, utan relation till eller erfarenhet av vård eller vårdplanering, tolkade terminologin och synonymerna. Intervjuerna behandlade följande teman: ADL-terminologi, synonymer, uppfattningar samt kategorisering utifrån en hierarkisk ordning. RESULTAT Nuvarande terminologi och tillvägagångssätt kan innebära att patienterna och deras anhöriga upplever otrygghet angående teamets planerade insatser. Studiens resultat visar att sjukvårdens team och patienter kan dela och använda ett gemensamt språk. SLUTSATS Språket är nyckeln till att förstå sammanhang. KASAM som ledstjärna i språket skapar en värdegrund för vad som har överenskommits och kvalitetssäkrar patienternas vård- och rehabiliteringsinsatser. Nyckelord: ADL-terminologi, validering, team, språk, uppfattningar, deduktiv ansats.Title: The importance of language for the quality in care and rehabilitation actions a validity testing of the terminology in ADL tool Rainbow Summary INTRODUCTION Healthcare planning require an unambiguous and varied language to identify patient´s ability and effort needs regarding activities of daily living (ADL). The study's starting point is KASAM, the human need for coherence, comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness in their daily lives. AIM To highlight and validate ADL terminology of medical care and rehabilitation. METHODOLOGY The thesis is a combined, descriptive study with a deductive approach. ADL Rainbow tool was used as a template. The material was collected through questionnaires and focus group interviews. Care managers and occupational therapists were interviewed. The study also describes how a group of seniors, without relation to or experience of care or care planning, interpreted the terminology and synonyms. The interviews covered the following themes: ADL terminology, synonyms, views and categorization based on a hierarchical order. RESULTS Current terminology and approach could mean that the patients and their relatives could feel insecure regarding the team's planned interventions. The study results show that the medical team and patients can share and use a common language. CONCLUSION Language is the key to understanding the context. KASAM as a guiding-star in language, creates a value base for what has been agreed and ensures quality assures patient´s care and rehabilitation efforts. Keywords: ADL terminology, validation, team, language, perceptions, deductive approach.
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Helsing, Johan. "Att prognostisera ungdomsarbetslösheten : En jämförelse av prognosförmågan mellan en ADL-modell och en ARIMA-modell." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Örebro Universitet, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-37801.
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Çollaku, Vasja, and Paolo Shestani. "A Formal Analysis Framework For EAST-ADL Architectural Models Extended With Behavioral Specifications In Simulink." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-42794.
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Model-Driven Development is a development approach which is being used frequently in the automotive context in order to design models. EAST-ADL is an architectural language which models systems according to their architectural features, whereas Simulink is a tool environment which models systems according to their behavior. In this thesis work, we propose a set of transformation rules that take into consideration the EAST-ADL architectural model details and the behavioral specifications in Simulink, and generate a formal model, which can be verified UPPAAL model checker. Moreover, we implement these proposed transformation rules in a tool that automates them. The transformation rules proposed in this thesis work would be implemented for every EAST-ADL file with Simulink behavior specifications, generated by the MetaEdit+ tool. Properties like timing constraints, triggering and hierarchy in both EAST-ADL and Simulink have been considered by the transformation rules. Finally, the Brake-by-Wire case study is used to validate the tool and assess the mapping of the elements.
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Trense, Amanda, and Pia Kryg. "ADL-bedömning och intygsskrivning för assistansersättning inom barn- och ungdomshabiliteringen – en enkätstudie utifrån arbetsterapeutens perspektiv." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Arbetsterapi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-151206.
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Det blir allt svårare för personer med funktionsnedsättning att beviljas statlig assistansersättning.Arbetsterapeuten är en del av processen vid ansökan av rätten till assistansersättning, och utför ADL-bedömningar till grund för ADL-intyg. Syftet med studien var att kartlägga arbetsterapeuters arbete med ADL-bedömning och tillhörande intygsskrivning för assistansersättning, inom barn- och ungdomshabiliteringen. Kvantitativ metod användes och data samlades in via en webb-enkät samt analyserades i SPSS. Enkäten besvarades av 40 arbetsterapeuter. Alla arbetsterapeuter i studien använde ADL-taxonomin vid bedömning, och det vanligaste sättet att utföra bedömningen var via observation i barnets hemmiljö. Majoriteten av arbetsterapeuterna i studien upplever sig kunna möta det krav som ställs på dem som intygsutfärdare, men mer tid och rutiner efterfrågas till uppdraget.I resultatet syns genomgående att uppdraget kring ADL-bedömningar och tillhörande intygsskrivning utförs olika över landet och beroende av arbetsterapeut. Det finns behov av vidare forskning inom området och studier av kvalitativ karaktär skulle passa, för att gå djupare in på uppdragets komplexitet.
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Källbom, Andreas, and Michelle Lundin. "Åtgärder som främjar den äldre ortopedpatienten till bibehållen personlig ADL under vårdtiden : En allmän litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-44212.
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Bakgrund: Höftfraktur hos äldre är en vanlig anledning till inläggning på ortopediska avdelningar. Att som äldre patient vårdas på sjukhus är associerat med negativa hälsoeffekter då det påverkar förmågan att utföra aktiviteter i dagliga livet (ADL), ADL är grundläggande för att en patient ska kunna klara sig hemma utan stöd från vården. Under vårdtiden behöver denna förmåga bedömas i syfte att skapa rätt omvårdnadsåtgärder för att bibehålla patientens ADL, samt sträva efter att dessa aktiviteter utförs självständigt. Syfte: Identifiera vilka åtgärder som kan främja äldre patienter till bibehållen ADL efter genomgången höftoperation. Metod: En allmän litteraturstudie användes för att besvara syftet. Resultat: Resultatet presenteras i fyra teman: “Tidig mobilisering”, “Personcentrerad rehabilitering”, “Stöd för att optimera näringsintaget” samt “Användandet av mätinstrument”. För att beskriva ADL användes flera mätskalor som gav information om patientens utgångspunkt och effekten av rehabilitering. Patienter som mobiliserades tidigt efter operationen hade en minskad risk för komplikationer och därmed hade patienten större möjlighet att återhämta sin personliga ADL-förmåga. Välutbildad vårdpersonal gav personcentrerad och tydlig information, vilket gjorde att rehabiliteringsplanen följdes. Ytterligare information om patientens näringsintag behövde införskaffas för att kunna optimera rehabiliteringen, då patienterna led av otillräcklig näringstillförsel. Konklusion: För att hjälpa patienten till bibehållen ADL under vårdtiden behövs kontinuerlig personcentrerad information från vårdpersonalen, när personal är välutbildad finns det bättre möjlighet för patientinvolvering. Detta kan uppmuntra till att omvårdnadsåtgärderna utförs och följs av patienten. Näringsintaget behöver identifieras och observeras för att patienten ska få i sig tillräckligt med näring och få ut det mesta av rehabiliteringen.Background: Hip fracture among elderly is a common reason for patient admission to orthopedic wards. Being treated in a hospital as an elderly patient is associated with adverse health effects, as it affects their ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL). ADL is fundamental for patients to manage at home without support from caregivers. During hospitalization this ability needs to be assessed in order to create the right nursing measures to maintain the patients ADL, as well as strive for these activities to be performed independently. Aim: Identify which measures can promote elderly patients to maintain ADL after undergoing hip surgery. Method: A general literature study was used to answer the purpose. Results: The results are comprised of four themes: "Early mobilization", "Person-centered rehabilitation", "Support for optimizing nutrient intake” and “The usage of measuring instruments”. To examine ADL, several measurement scales were used that provided information about the patient's starting point and the effect of rehabilitation. Patients who were mobilized early after surgery had a reduced risk of complications and thus the patient had a greater opportunity to regain their personal ADL ability. Well-trained staff provided person-centered care and clear information, which meant that the rehabilitation plan is followed. Additional information about the patient's nutritional intake needed to be obtained in order to optimize rehabilitation, as the patients suffered from insufficient nutritional supply. Conclusion: To help the patient to maintain ADL during the care period, continuous person-centered information from the care staff is needed, when the staff is well trained, there is a better opportunity for patient involvement. This can encourage the nursing measures to be performed and followed by the patient. Nutritional intake needs to be identified and observed in order for the patient to get enough nutrition and get the most out of the rehabilitation.
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Ben, Elmostafa Okacha. "Les modes d'action et d'organisation des mouvements islamistes au Maroc (l'exemple d'Al Adl Wal Ihsan)." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0118.
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La thèse s'attache à montrer que le phénomène islamiste n'est pas récent, car l'existence des mouvements religieux à visées politiques, est un fait historique depuis l'avénement de l'islam. Ce qui est, en revanche, récent, ce sont leur modes d'action et d'organisation qui ont évolué avec le temps et l'espace. Leur souci majeur est désormais de participer au pouvoir. Si le PJD ne réclame que des réformes ne touchant pas à la nature de la monarchie, Al Adl Wal Ihsan, par contre, conteste l'institution de commandeur des croyants et revendique la création de l'Etat islamique comme étape à l'instauration du deuxième califat selon le modèle prophétique. La Jama'a proteste contre la modernité occidentale et souhaite construire leur propre subjectivité à travers l'islam qui constitue l'alternative à tous les maux de la société et de l'état. La thèse comporte trois parties : la première est consacrée à la typologie de l'islamisme au Maroc et les facteurs expliquant son émergence. La seconde porte sur les structures d'organisation d'Al Adl Wal Ihsan. La troisième partie traite des modes d'action de la Jama'aThis research try to show that phenomenon islamic is not recent, because different political and religious movements existed with coming of islam. What is new is their forms of action and organisation that evolved with the time and space. Indeed, the majority of islamic movements evolvy towards the integration in the political system : they want to be like party. I want to show also that the islamic phenomenon is complex, because it consist of many dimensions : existential, spiritual and religious. My text include three part : the first part talk about typology of moroccan islamic. The second part is concerning their form of organisation, their structure. In the last part, my research take an interest in the different type of action
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Müller, Hannah [Verfasser]. "Endoskopische Lungenvolumenreduktion (ELVR) von Patienten mit Lungenemphysem : Erfassung von Veränderungen in Alltagsaktivitäten (ADL) / Hannah Müller." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1203716303/34.
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Lilja, Margareta. "Elderly disabled persons in the home setting : aspects of activities in daily life /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4244-7/.
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Lind, Emelie. "Fysisk aktivitet kan öka förmåga till att utföra ADL-aktiviteter hos personer med demenssjukdom : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Hälsa och rehabilitering, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-64615.
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Bakgrund Demenssjukdomar är ett samlingsnamn för progriderande sjukdomar sompåverkar hjärnan och vanligen ger symptom som minnessvikt, afasi, apraxi samt gång- och balanssvårigheter. Fysiska i kombination med kognitiva symptom leder till nedsatt förmåga att planera och genomföra vardagliga aktiviteter (ADL). SyfteStudiens syfte var att sammanställa vetenskaplig litteratur vad gäller hur fysisk aktivitet kan påverka ADL-förmåga hos personer med demenssjukdom. Metod och MaterialStudien var en litteraturstudie där vetenskapliga artiklar söktes i PubMed, CINAHL, AMED, PEDro samt The Cochrane Library. Elva artiklar valdes ut, granskades och kvalitetsbedömdes med PEDro Scale. Resultat De elva artiklarna fick mellan två och åtta poäng av tio på PEDro Scale.Studierna hade olika typer av fysisk aktivitet som interventioner. Denna litteratursammanställning visar att regelbunden fysisk aktivitet och/eller fysioterapi så som styrketräning, promenader, qigong eller liknande ger förbättring eller en bibehållen förmåga att genomföra ADL-aktiviteter samt förbättrade fysiska och kognitiva funktioner hos personer med en demenssjukdom. DiskussionStudierna skiljde sig åt i studielängd, antal pass och typ av träning vilket försvårar jämförelser och kunna dra slutsatser. I flera studier uteblev förbättring men visade en bibehållen förmåga att utföra ADL-aktiviteter jämfört med en snabbare försämring i kontrollgrupper. Överlag kan försiktiga slutsatser dras om att träning är positivt i flera bemärkelser och att teamet spelar en viktig roll i rehabilitering för personer med demens. KonklussionRegelbunden fysisk aktivitet kan ha effekt på förmågan att utföra ADLaktiviteter hos personer med demenssjukdom men fler studier behövs för att utreda vilken typ av aktivitet, dos och intensitet som har bäst effekt.
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Sebastião, Marta de Jesus Sampaio. "O contributo das ADL para o desenvolvimento regional e local: o caso do Distrito de Évora." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/14240.
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As assimetrias entre regiões e os seus diferentes níveis de desenvolvimento fazem com que existam alguns territórios designados por territórios de baixa densidade. Estes territórios apresentam-se como pouco desenvolvidos, com um fraco tecido industrial uma grande dificuldade em fixar população. No sentido de reativar e desenvolver estes territórios, dando resposta às necessidades destes e das comunidades locais, surgem as Associações de Desenvolvimento Local. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar, na perspetiva dos seus responsáveis, o contributo das ADL do Distrito de Évora para o desenvolvimento regional e local deste território e os fatores críticos da sua sustentabilidade, uma vez que estamos perante um período de transição para um novo quadro de programação comunitária, sendo este marcado por um contexto de incerteza e instabilidade. Foi utilizada uma metodologia de estudo de casos, desenvolvendo-se mediante uma análise detalhada dos seus elementos, e na relação que se estabelece entre eles e o seu contexto. A sua escolha é justificada por estas apresentarem maior dinamismo no Distrito de Évora. As ADL que participaram no presente estudo foram: o Monte-Desenvolvimento Alentejo Central, A.C.E; a ADMC - Associação de Desenvolvimento Montes Claros; a Trilho - Associação para o Desenvolvimento Rural; a Vendas Novas - Porta do Alentejo – Associação de Desenvolvimento; e a Suão - Associação para o Desenvolvimento Comunitário de S. Miguel de Machede. Foi possível concluir sobre o seu contributo para o Desenvolvimento Regional e Local; Abstract:
The contribution of LDA for regional and local development. The case of the Évora district
The asymmetries between regions and their different levels of development mean that there are some territories designated low density territories. These territories present themselves as being low developed, with a small industrial area and a big difficulty about fixating population. In the sense of reactivating e develop these territories, giving answer to their needs and the local communities, it were created the Local Development Associations. The current study has the objective of analyzing, in the perspective of their responsible, the contribute of LDA of Évora district for the regional and local development and the critical factors of its sustainability, once we are before a period of transition for a new communitarian program, being this marked by one context of uncertainty and instability. It was used a methodology of study of cases, developed according a detailed analyze of their elements, and on the relation that is created between them and their context. Their choice is justified because this one’s present a bigger dynamism in Évora district. The LDA that participated in the present study were: Monte-Desenvovimento Alentejano Central, A.C.E; the ADCM – Associação de Desenvolvimento Montes Claros; the Triho – Associação para o Desenvolvimento Rural; the Venda Novas – Porta do Alentejo – Associação de Desenvolvimento; and Suão – Associação para o Desenvolvimento Comunitário de S. Miguel de Machede. It was possible to conclude about their contribute for the Regional and Local Development.
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Åberg, Anna Cristina. "General motor function assessment and perceptions of life satisfaction during and after geriatric rehabilitation /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3788.
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Wirth, Julika [Verfasser], and Vera von [Akademischer Betreuer] Dossow. "Geriatrisches Assessment bei urologischen Tumorpatienten : der Stellenwert des ADL und IADL / Julika Wirth ; Betreuer: Vera von Dossow." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1174142642/34.
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Amadu, Mohammed Hafiz. "The Qur'ānic concept of 'adl as a significant resource to the Qur'anic concepts of Salām and Ṣulḥ." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=226797.
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Among positions hitherto held is the idea that religion when it comes to the matter of conflict, has been destructive contributor. However, in recent times, attention has been granted to the role of religion and religious peoples in conflict resolution and the process of making peace. As such, this research argues that, the Qur'ānic concept of 'adl ('justice') is a significant resource to the Qur'ānic concepts of salām ('peace') and ṣulḥ ('reconciliation'). Analysing Qur'ānic resources on 'adl, salām and ṣulḥ such as Q.2:30; 49:13; 16:89, 90 reveals a Qur'ānic conceptual interconnectedness between the Qur'ānic concepts of tawḥīd ('submission to the will of Allah'), hidāyah ('guidance'), salām, 'adl and ṣulḥ. This revelation is significant towards the commitment of Muslims to 'adl as the command to be just articulated in Q.16:90 is interpreted to mean lā ilāha illā 'llāh ('there is no god but Allah'), which also stands for tawḥīd, and tawḥīd, in turn, is said to lead to peace and reconciliation as expressed by salām and ṣulḥ. The above Qur'ānic conceptual interrelationships are revealed as a result of the Qur'ānic comparative methodology involving five Arabic exegetical works that the researcher has employed, to promote a better Qur'ānic understanding. The choice of this methodology was in response to the call for a better way of elucidating the text of the Qur'ān. The application of the above methodology is however limited to this research alone. The research reveals that even though Muslims may be committed to Qur'ānic commandments due to their divine origin, it remains to be seen how these doctrinal issues are put into practice. The research has contributed to the body of knowledge by discussing the significant role of religion, and religious text in organising a just society in general and, in particular, in promoting 'adl, salām and ṣulḥ in society.
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Fernandes, Aline Andrioni. "Avaliação do Glittre ADL test como instrumento de classificação da capacidade funcional em indivíduos com doenças cardiovasculares." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUBD-9WEH4J.
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The assessment of functional capacity of individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) can be performed by maximal tests, submaximal, scales or questionnaires. However, such tests assess activity of lower limbs, hindering a global assessment of the patient. The Glittre ADL test may represent an objective and comprehensive way of evaluating patients with CVD, based on the model of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). The test reproduces daily activities, involving upper and lower limbs, such as sitting and rising from a chair, walk up and down stairs and carrying heavy loads. The aim of this study was to determine whether the Glittre ADL test is able to differentiate functional classes when evaluating patients with CVD. Glittre ADL test, Shuttle Walking Test (SWT), Human Activity Profile (HAP) and Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) were applied in 42 volunteers. For statistic analysis, data from the SWT, HAP and DASI were divided into tertiles. The time required to complete the Glittre ADL test was compared among tertiles of SWT, DASI and HAP by analysis of variance (ANOVA one way), post-hoc Least Significant Difference (LSD). For statistic significance was considered an alpha of 5%. SPSS version 15.0 was used. Average age was 62.21 ± 12.07 and body mass index was 26.88 ± 3.68 kg / m2. Tertiles of SWT were divided into the following groups: individuals who walked less than 303.33 meters (m), between 303.33 and 440 m and above or equal to 440 m. For HAP, individuals who scored less than 64 fit in the first tertile, between 64 and 70 in the second tertile and equal to or above 70 in the third one. For DASI, individuals who obtained less than 32, between 32 and 40 and above or equal to 40. There was a significant difference in time to accomplish the Glittre ADL test between tertiles of SWT (p=0.0001). Tertile 1 was different from the second (p=0.004) and third (p=0.0001). For DASI, there was difference between groups (p=0.008). Tertile 1 was different from 2 (p=0.02) and 3 (p=0.003). For HAP, there was difference between groups (p=0.002). The difference was found between tertile 3 and tertiles 1 (p=0.001) and 2 (p=0.018). This study demonstrated that, for this sample, Glittre ADL test is able to differentiate functional classes of individuals with CVD, especially for the most functionally affected ones.A avaliação da capacidade funcional de indivíduos com doenças cardiovasculares (DCV) pode ser realizada por testes máximos, submáximos, escalas ou questionários. No entanto, esses testes enfocam, frequentemente, a atividade relacionada a membros inferiores, dificultando uma avaliação mais global do paciente. O Glittre ADL test pode representar uma forma objetiva e global de avaliação de pacientes com DCV, baseado no modelo da Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF). O teste reproduz atividades cotidianas, que envolvem membros superiores e inferiores, como sentar e levantar de uma cadeira, subir e descer degraus e carregar peso. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar se o Glittre ADL test é capaz de diferenciar classes funcionais na avaliação de indivíduos com DCV. Foram avaliados 42 indivíduos por meio dos testes Glittre ADL test, Shuttle Walking test (SWT), Perfil de Atividade Humana (PAH) e Duke Activity Status Index (DASI). Para análise estatística, os dados do SWT, PAH e DASI foram divididos em tercis. O tempo de execução do Glittre ADL test foi comparado com as diferentes faixas dos tercis do SWT, PAH e DASI pela análise de variância (ANOVA one way) com post-hoc Least Significant Difference (LSD). Para significância estatística foi considerado um alfa de 5%. Foi utilizado o programa SPSS, versão 15.0. A média de idade foi 62,21 ± 12,07 anos e do índice de massa corporal 26,88 ± 3,68 kg/m2. Os tercis do SWT foram divididos nas seguintes faixas: indivíduos que caminharam menos que 303,33 metros(m), entre 303,33 e 440m e acima ou igual a 440m. Para o PAH, os indivíduos que pontuaram menos que 64 se enquadraram no primeiro tercil, entre 64 e 70 no segundo e igual ou acima de 70, no terceiro. Para o DASI, indivíduos que obtiveram menos que 32, entre 32 e 40 e acima ou igual a 40. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa no tempo de execução do Glittre ADL test entre os tercis do SWT (p=0,0001). O tercil 1 foi diferente do 2 (p=0,004) e 3 (p=0,0001). Para o DASI, houve diferença entre os grupos (p=0,008). O tercil 1 foi diferente do 2 (p=0,02) e 3 (p=0,003). Para o PAH, houve diferença entre os grupos (p=0,002). O tercil 3 foi diferente do 1 (p=0,001) e 2 (p=0,018). Na amostra estudada, foi demonstrado que o Glittre ADL test é capaz de diferenciar classes funcionais de indivíduos com DCV, especialmente em relação aos indivíduos mais acometidos funcionalmente.
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Qayyum, Zawar. "Concrétisation des architectures logicielles à l'aide d'un langage formel : vers les langages dédiés au développement formel fondés sur π-ADL." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne Sud, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00519193.
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L'architecture logicielle est devenue un thème scientifique majeur de l'informatique. En effet, l'architecture logicielle fournit l'abstraction qui permet de développer rigoureusement et de faire évoluer des systèmes logiciels complexes au vu des besoins tant fonctionnels que non fonctionnels. Afin de modéliser les architectures logicielles, un nouveau type de langage est apparu : les langages de description d'architectures (ADL, Architecture Description Language). Divers ADL ont été proposés dans la littérature, mais ces ADL sont restreints à la modélisation d'architectures abstraites, indépendantes des plateformes d'implémentation. Lors de l'implémentation, l'architecture n'est plus représentée. Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le domaine des ADL et porte sur la définition et la mise en œuvre d'un langage pour la concrétisation, c'est-à-dire l'implémentation explicite, d'architectures logicielles. Elle adresse le problème de la construction d'un tel langage et son système d'exécution. Pour cela elle aborde le problème d'un point de vue nouveau : la construction d'un langage centré sur l'architecture logicielle. Assis sur des bases formelles, notamment sur le π-calcul et π-ADL, ces travaux ont donné lieu à un langage formel pour décrire et garantir l'intégrité architecturale d'un système au niveau de sa spécification, de son implémentation et de ses évolutions ultérieures. La machine virtuelle et le compilateur associé sont enfouis dans la plateforme .NET.
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Serapião, Paulo Roberto Barbosa. "Investigação da aplicabilidade da mineração de texto como apoio ao desenvolvimento de modelos de arquétipos para exames de radiologia e diagnóstico por imagem." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17138/tde-06012016-150417/.
Full textAbstract:
A presente tese de Doutorado trata de investigar a aplicação da mineração de texto, para a construção de uma terminologia que atenda aos preceitos estipulados pela normalização, nacional e internacional, referente à constituição de um Registro Eletrônico em Saúde (RES). As normas internacionais estudadas pelo presente trabalho foram as seguintes: ISO 13606-1 e ISO TS 17117. O padrão internacional ISO 13606-1 especifica os modelos de referência para a construção de arquétipos que são a estrutura-base do RES. A especificação técnica ISO 17117 estipula a formatação de terminologias controladas para o âmbito da informática em saúde. Localmente, o trabalho analisou o relatório técnico ABNT/ISO TR 20514 que dá a definição, o escopo e o contexto para o RES e o relatório técnico ABNT/ISO TR 12309 que visa a garantir o desenvolvimento de terminologias padronizadas para a área da saúde. Vários trabalhos científicos demonstram que, para a construção do RES baseado em arquétipos, pesquisadores utilizam terminologias de mercado como o SNOMED CT e SNOMED RT. No caso do Brasil, não existe uma terminologia oficialmente desenvolvida regionalmente ou traduzida para o português do Brasil que suporte a criação de modelos de referência. Essa situação dificulta a implantação das normas nacional e internacional de padronização, citadas anteriormente. Nesse ambiente, a tese aqui apresentada construiu uma ontologia no domínio da especialidade de Radiologia e Diagnóstico por Imagem, tendo como base a aplicação de métodos de mineração de texto para compor uma terminologia eficiente e eficaz que atendesse às lacunas demonstradas. A aplicação de método de mineração de texto foi realizada em uma amostra de 2.566.358 de sujeitos-laudos, consistindo em sujeitos-laudos dos exames de Ressonância Magnética, Raios-X, Tomografia Computadorizada e Ultrassonografia de regiões anatômicas humanas. Com base nessa extração, foi construída uma ontologia contendo 5.859 termos-indivíduos, 20.994 axiomas e 15.084 axiomas lógicos. Essa ontologia foi desenvolvida utilizando o software Prótége em linguagem OWL. A partir da formalização da ontologia (terminologia), foram construídos Archetype Definition Language (ADL), para o componente INSTRUCTION para exame de imagem, e ADL para o componente COMPOSITION de Tomografia Computadorizada de Coluna Cervical, Ressonância Magnética de Cervical e Torácica e Ressonância Magnética de Carótida. O trabalho mostrou a aplicabilidade da mineração de texto para a geração de uma terminologia que desse suporte à criação de ADL, conforme preconizado na normativa da área de informática em saúde.This Doctoral Thesis aim to investigate the application of text mining for the construction of a terminology that meets the procedures laid down for standardization, national and international, regarding the establishment of an Electronic Health Record (RES). International standards studied in this work were ISO 13606-1 and ISO TS 17117. The ISO 13606-1 international standard specifies the reference models for the construction of archetypes, which is the basis of the RES structure. The technical specification ISO 17117 provides the formatting of controlled terminology for the scope of health informatics. Locally, the paper analyzed the technical ABNT / ISO TR 20514 report, which gives the definition, scope and context for the RES and technical ABNT / ISO TR 12309 report aimed at ensuring the development of standardized terminology for the health sector. Several scientific studies have shown that for the construction of RES based on archetypes, researchers use market terminology such as SNOMED CT and SNOMED RT. In Brazil, there is no terminology officially developed regionally or translated into Portuguese-Brazilian who support the creation of reference models. This situation impedes the deployment of national and international standards of standardization mentioned above. In this environment, the thesis presented here built an ontology in the field of specialty of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging based on the application of text mining methods to make efficient and effective terminology that meets the demonstrated shortcomings. The application of text mining method was performed on a sample of 2,566,358 of subject-report, consisting of subject-reports of examinations MRI, X-ray, CT and ultrasound of human anatomical regions. Based on this extraction was built an ontology containing 5,859 individuals terms, axioms 20,994 and 15,084 logical axioms. This ontology was developed using Protégé OWL language software. From the formalization of the ontology (terminology) were built Archetype Definition Language (ADL) for INSTRUCTION component for imaging examination, and ADL for COMPOSITION component of CT cervical spine, MRI Cervical and Thoracic and MRI Carotid. The study showed the applicability of text mining to generate terminology that supported the creation of ADL as recommended by rules in the IT sector in health.
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Lindholm, Lena. "Att leva med glaukom, the silent thief of sight." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för omvårdnad, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-23001.
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Bakgrund: Glaukom är en sjukdom i synnerven som orsakar skador i synfältet. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa faktorer som påverkar livet hos vuxna personer med glaukom. Metod: Detta arbete utfördes som en litteraturöversikt innehållande 11 vetenskapliga artiklar, varav 2 kvalitativa och 9 kvantitativa. I analysen identifierades meningsbärande enheter som resulterade i 3 rubriker och 8 underrubriker. Resultat: Glaukom medförde svåra känslor, rädsla för blindhet och depression såväl vid diagnos som under sjukdomen. Glaukomdrabbade hade svårare att utföra dagliga synkrävande aktiviteter och problemen ökade med sjukdomens allvarlighetsgrad. De försökte anpassa sig till sjukdomen och acceptera förändringar känslomässigt. Personerna upplevde bristande förståelse från såväl omgivning som sjukvårdspersonal. Diskussion: Livet för personer som lever med glaukom påverkades på olika sätt, bland annat negativa känslor vid diagnos, depression och svårigheter att utföra synkrävande dagliga aktiviteter. Förståelsen för personer med synnedsättning kunde vara bristfällig, både från omgivning och sjukvårdspersonal. Slutsats: Forskningen var huvudsakligen inriktad på personernas praktiska förmåga och knapphändig vad gällde personernas egen uppfattning om hur det är att leva med glaukom. Ytterligare forskning för att öka förståelsen för hur det är att leva med glaukom är viktigt för att kunna förbättra omvårdnaden, stödet och bemötandet av personer som lever med glaukom.
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Johansson, Elisabeth, and Mia Henning. "Livet efter ett hjärtstopp." Thesis, Sophiahemmet Högskola, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:shh:diva-965.
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SAMMANFATTNING I Sverige drabbas ca 10 000 personer av hjärtstopp utanför sjukhus varje år. Överlevnaden är låg, men på senare år har åtskilliga insatser gjorts för att förbättra dessa siffror. Bland annat har man börjat utbilda brandmän, säkerhetsvakter och taxichaufförer i hjärt-lungräddning med defibrillator och numer är hypotermibehandling en vedertagen metod för att skydda den ischemiskt skadade hjärnan. Trots detta kan dessa patienter drabbas av funktionsnedsättning på grund av den syrebrist i hjärnan som ändå uppstår till följd av hjärtstoppet. Det är viktigt att ha kunskap om hur dessa patienter mår och klarar av sin vardag sedan de lämnat sjukhuset, för att kunna ge det stöd de behöver för att kunna återgå till ett så normalt liv som möjligt. Syftet var att beskriva livssituationen hos patienter som drabbats av hjärtstopp med fokus på livskvalitet, kognitiva funktioner och ADL. Forskningsöversikt valdes som metod för att få en samlad bild över aktuellt kunskapsläge inom detta problemområde. Artikelsökning genomfördes i databaserna PubMed och CINAHL och sökorden var: cardiac-heart-arrest, heart arrest, cardiac arrest, cognitive disorders, cognitive dysfunction, quality of life, daily life och activities of daily living. Resultatet visade att de flesta patienter fick någon form av kognitiv funktionsnedsättning, framför allt minnesnedsättning och sämre förmåga att planera samt att lösa problem. Många patienter klarade sig självständigt vad gällde personlig ADL, men flera var beroende av andras hjälp då det kom till instrumentell ADL. Livskvaliteten skiljde sig i stort sett inte från normalbefolkningen, men vissa studier pekade på ett lägre deltagande i det sociala livet och andra uppgav minskad vitalitet och brist på energi. Slutsatsen var att patienter som drabbats av hjärtstopp får en påverkan på den kognitiva förmågan vilket får effekter i det dagliga livet. Med viss distans till hjärtstoppet upplever de flesta trots detta god livskvalitet som inte skiljer sig nämnvärt från övriga befolkningen. Det är viktigt att informera patienten och dennes anhöriga hur deras dagliga liv kan påverkas efter hjärtstoppet för att ge bättre förutsättningar inför hemgång och återgång till en vardag. Nyckelord: Hjärtstopp, livskvalitet, kognitiv funktion, ADL
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Motaouakal, Abdelouahad. "Al-Adl wal-Ihsan : an explanation of its rise and its strategy for social and political reform in Morocco." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/14880.
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This study examines the rise of al-Adl wal-Ihsan in the early 1980s, its development, its attitude towards a number of Islamic and contemporary issues, and its strategy to take root in society and press for social and political reform in Morocco. The aim is to provide an account that reflects as far as possible what is perceived to be the true nature of al-Adl wal-Ihsan and, more importantly, to identify the factors behind its rapid growth and its ability to become the largest organized Islamic force in the country despite operating under an authoritarian regime and in an environment already populated by several Islamic groups. Drawing on the dialogic model of interpretation which entails, among things, presenting the Islamists’ ideas, experiences and arguments using their own terms and categories, this study has used a wide range of primary and secondary sources and benefited from interviews with a variety of people, including the movement’s founding leader, Sheikh Yassine, before he passed away on 13th December 2012, in order to achieve a better understanding of al-Adl wal-Ihsan. The major findings that come from this research demonstrate that al-Adl wal-Ihsan is a mere response, among others, based on Islamic sources and ijtihad, to legitimate demands of social, political and moral order. Hence, to exclude the moral and spiritual dimension from the analysis would not help to generate plausible explanations of the rise and nature of al-Adl wal-Ihsan or any other Islamic group for that matter. As for al-Adl’s rapid expansion, it has been found to be closely related to five basic factors: a charismatic leadership, an adequate organizational structure, a coherent theoretical framework, an appealing reform strategy and special emphasis on tarbiya [education]. Thus what becomes of al-Adl wal-Ihsan in the future seems to depend on its ability to maintain, if not to improve on what is deemed to be the source of its strength, which is a big challenge.
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Paes, Thaís Rebeca. "Londrina ADL protocol (LAP) : reprodutibilidade, validade e valores de referência em adultos fisicamente independentes com 50 anos ou mais." Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, 2016. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000206287.
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Introdução: É de suma importância avaliar as atividades de vida diária (AVDs) em adultos mais velhos, porém não há na literatura protocolos que avaliam as AVDs de forma objetiva e que seja padronizado. Objetivo: Verificar a reprodutibilidade de um novo protocolo, o Londrina ADL Protocol (LAP), e investigar a sua validade em indivíduos fisicamente independentes com 50 anos ou mais. Além disso, estabelecer uma equação para predizer valores de referência para o LAP nesta população. Métodos: Noventa e três indivíduos fisicamente independentes com 50 anos ou mais tiveram sua capacidade de realizar AVDs avaliada pelo tempo despendido para realizar o LAP (protocolo composto por 5 atividades que mimetizam AVDs as quais envolvem membros superiores e inferiores realizadas em forma de circuito). O protocolo foi realizado duas vezes, a fim de se verificar a sua reprodutibilidade. O teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6min), que avalia a capacidade funcional de exercício, foi utilizado como critério para a validação do LAP. Um modelo de regressão linear foi construído, incluindo-se variáveis demográficas e antropométricas (gênero, idade, peso e altura) que se correlacionaram com o LAP, a fim de se estabelecer uma equação para predição de valores de referência do protocolo. Outras avaliações foram: função pulmonar (espirometria), número de passos (pedômetro), capacidade funcional e física (30-second chair stand test, 6-minute pegboard and ring test, timed up and go, one leg balance test), independência na vida diária e estado mental (questionários). Resultados: Em geral, o LAP foi reprodutível (CCI=0,91). A diferença entre o primeiro e o segundo LAP foi de 5,3%. O LAP foi válido para avaliar as AVDs nos indivíduos estudados, apresentando correlação moderada com o TC6min (r=-0,46). O tempo gasto para realizar o LAP se correlacionou com idade (r=0,45), mas não com peso (r=-0,17) e altura (r=-0,17). Um modelo de regressão linear múltipla incluindo gênero e idade mostrou que idade foi o único determinante do LAP, explicando 21% de sua variabilidade (P<0,0001). A equação de referência estabelecida foi: LAPpred(seg)=135,618+(3,102*idade [anos]). Conclusão: O LAP mostrou-se reprodutível e válido para avaliar AVDs em indivíduos fisicamente independentes com 50 anos ou mais. Uma equação de referência para o LAP foi estabelecida, incluindo como variável independente apenas a idade (r2=0,21), permitindo uma melhor interpretação dos resultados quando o protocolo for utilizado na prática profissional.Background: It is important to assess activities of daily living (ADL) in older adults, and there is no availability of an objective and standardized protocol to assess this outcome. Aims: To verify the reproducibility of a new protocol, the Londrina ADL Protocol (LAP), and to investigate its validity in physically independent adults aged 50 and older; to establish an equation to predict reference values of the LAP for this population. Methods: Ninety three physically independent adults aged 50 and older had their capacity to perform ADL evaluated by registering the time spent to conclude the LAP (a protocol composed by five different activities that simulate ADL which involve upper and lower limbs carried out on a circuit). The protocol was performed twice, in order to verify its reproducibility. The six-minute walk test (6MWT), that assesses functional exercise capacity, was used as a validation criterion. A model of multiple linear regression was applied, including anthropometric and demographic variables (gender, age, weight, heigh) that correlated with the LAP, to establish an equation to predict the reference values of the protocol. Other assessments: pulmonary function (spirometry), number of spets (pedometer), functional physical capacity (30-second chair stand test, 6-minute pegboard and ring test, timed up and go, and one-leg balance test), independence in daily life and mental status. Results: In general, the LAP was reproducible (ICC: 0.91). The difference between the first and second LAP was 5.3%. The LAP was valid to assess ADL in the studied subjects, presenting a moderate correlation with the 6MWT (r=-0.46). The time spent to perform the LAP correlated with age (r=0.45), but neither with weight (r=-0.17) nor with height (r=-0.17). A model of stepwise multiple regression including gender and age showed that age was the only determinant factor to the LAP, explaining 21% (P<0.0001) of its variability. The derived reference equation was: LAPpred(sec)=135.618+(3.102*age [years]). Conclusion: In general, the LAP was reproducible and valid in physically independent adults aged 50 and older. A reference equation for the LAP was established, including as independent variable only age (r2=0.21), allowing a better interpretation of the results when the protocol will be used in the clinical practice.
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Silva, Diego Rodrigues da. "Respostas fisiológicas à realização do Londrina ADL protocol em pacientes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica comparados a indivíduos controle." Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Universidade Norte do Paraná, 2017. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000215265.
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INTRODUÇÃO: Para evitar sintomas característicos como dispneia e fadiga, indivíduos com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) deixam de realizar atividades físicas. Isso gera o desenvolvimento de um ciclo vicioso de inatividade, descondicionamento e dispneia, que afeta negativamente até mesmo as ocupações simples como as atividades de vida diária (AVDs). Uma avaliação ampla, acurada e aprofundada das atividades cotidianas destes indivíduos pode fornecer informações importantes sobre sua condição. OBJETIVOS: Analisar as respostas cardiovasculares, ventilatórias e metabólicas de pacientes com DPOC durante a realização do Londrina ADL Protocol (LAP) e compará-las às respostas de indivíduos controle pareados por idade e gênero (voluntários saudáveis como controle); e determinar qual atividade do LAP demanda maior gasto energético nos pacientes com DPOC. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal no qual 24 indivíduos com DPOC (13H/11M; 67±6 anos) e 20 no grupo controle (10H/10M; 66±7 anos) foram avaliados quanto à função pulmonar, capacidade funcional de exercício e performance no LAP. Adicionalmente, monitores de atividade física verificaram gasto energético e intensidade de movimento durante o LAP. RESULTADOS: O grupo DPOC, em relação ao grupo controle, levou mais tempo (410±65 vs 292±43s; P<0,0001), apresentou maior gasto energético (24[18-29]cal vs 18[13-19]cal; P=0,0007), apresentou menor intensidade de movimento ativo (0,1408±0.0409G vs 0,1706±0,0443G; P=0,02) e maior grau de dificuldade no LAP(3[0-5] vs 0[0-0]; P=0,002). O gasto energético nas atividades foi: 8[5-9]cal (organizar objetos na mesa); 12[8-14]cal (caminhar com sacolas); 8[7-9]cal (organizar prateleira); 7[5-8]cal (estender roupas no varal) e 11[8-12]cal (caminhar) (ANOVA P<0,001). CONCLUSÃO: Indivíduos com DPOC, em relação ao grupo controle, levam mais tempo para completar o LAP, além de o realizarem sob maior demanda metabólica, com mais sintomas e maior grau de dificuldade A atividade de maior consumo energético foi caminhar segurando sacolas.BACKGROUND: In order to avoid symptoms as dyspnea and fatigue, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are hindered in the performance of physical activities. This leads to a vicious cycle of inactivity, deconditioning and dyspnea, which negatively affects even simple tasks such as activities of daily living (ADLs). A comprehensive, accurate and in-depth ADLs assessment may provide useful information about the subject's condition. OBJECTIVES: Analyze the cardiovascular, ventilator, and metabolic responses of patients with (COPD) during the accomplishment of the Londrina ADL Protocol (LAP) and compare them to the responses of the controls paired for age and gender (healthy elderly being the control); determining which LAP activity demands higher energy expenditure in patients with COPD. METHODS: A transversal study in which 24 individuals with COPD (13M/11F; 67±6 years) and 20 in the control group (10M/10F; 66±7 years) were evaluated regarding pulmonary function, functional capacity for exercise, and LAP performance. Additionally, physical activity monitors checked energy expenditure and intensity of movement during the LAP. RESULTS: The COPD group, compared to the control group, took more time to finish the protocol (410±65 vs 292±43s; P<0.0001), presented a higher energy expenditure (24[18-29] cal vs 18[13-19]cal; P=0.0007), a lower intensity of active movement (0.1408±0.0409G vs 0.1706±0.0443G; P=0.02), and a larger degree of difficulty in the LAP(3[0-5] vs 0[0-0]; P=0.002). The energy expenditure in the activities was: 8[5-9]cal (arrange objects in the table); 12[8-14]cal (walk carrying bags); 8[7-9]cal (arrange shelf); 7[5-8]cal (hanging clothes in the clothesline), and 11[8-12]cal (walking) (ANOVA P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Individuals with COPD, compared to the control group, take more time to accomplish the LAP, besides accomplishing it under a higher metabolic demand, with more symptoms, and a higher degree of difficulty. The activity with the highest energy expenditure was to walk carrying bags.
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Persson, Emelie, and Anna Larsson. ""Att inte längre kunna göra vad man vill" : En litteraturstudie om att leva med Reumatoid Artrit." Thesis, Kristianstad University College, School of Health and Society, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-5014.
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Bakgrund: Reumatoid artrit (RA) är en av de stora folksjukdomarna runt om i världen. Personer med RA har betydande svårigheter med aktiviteter i det dagliga livet (ADL). Syfte: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa hur personer med RA upplever att deras ADL påverkas på grund av sjukdomen. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en allmän litteraturstudie och utgick från tio vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat: Analysen av de vetenskapliga artiklarna resulterade i fem kategorier vilka var begränsningar i vardagen, förlust av kontroll, ovisshet inför framtiden, otillräcklighet inför andra samt saknad efter ett tidigare aktivt liv. RA hade en stor negativ inverkan på personernas ADL och att inte kunna utföra denna på egen hand påverkade deras känslor och sociala liv. Slutsats: Sjuksköterskor bör ha kunskap om RA samt de begränsningar och upplevelser som sjukdomen medför för att kunna ge den hjälp och det stöd som personerna med RA är i behov av.
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Asplund, Ewa, and Jessica Sjöström. "Att leva med kroniskt obstruktiv lungsjukdom : Individens perspektiv-en litteratursöversikt." Thesis, Mid Sweden University, Department of Health Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-264.
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I Sverige beräknas att cirka 400 000-700 000 människor har drabbats av diagnosen
Kroniskt Obstruktiv Lungsjukdom (KOL). År 2020 beräknas KOL orsaka vart tredje
dödsfall i världen. Syftet: Syftet med litteraturstudien var att beskriva vad det innebär
att leva med KOL i det dagliga livet, med fokus på social och fysisk aktivitet. Metod:
Studien baserades på vetenskapliga artiklar, funna i databasen PubMed. Efter
värdering kvarstod fem kvantitativa och sju kvalitativa. Texterna analyserades med
innehållsanalys och resulterade i tre kategorier och åtta underkategorier. Resultat:
Trötthet och andnöd var något som individer med KOL upplevde dagligen. Det
påverkade deras vardag så att de inte orkade med vardagssysslor eller att umgås med
familj och vänner. Detta gjorde att individerna kände sig beroende av andra för att
klara sin vardag men även upplevelse av att vara bunden till hemmet. Diskussion: Det
fanns likheter med andra kroniska sjukdomar vad gäller att trötthet och andnöd
påverkade förmågan till fysisk och social aktivitet. Familj och vänner hade en stor
delaktighet i individernas tillvaro, detta genom att vara närvarande och ge stöd till den
drabbade. Som sjuksköterska är det viktigt att lyssna, både på individen men KOL
men och på dess anhöriga.
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Kankainen, Pia, and Camilla Johansen. "Omvårdnadspersonalens beskrivning av sittandets och vilans betydelse för den äldre rullstolsburne personens möjlighet till aktivitet och delaktighet : -en kvalitativ intervjustudie." Thesis, Örebro University, Department of Health Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-923.
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Sittandet och vila har betydelse för äldre rullstolsburna personers möjlighet att vara delaktiga i de dagliga aktiviteterna. Arbetsterapeutens roll är bl.a. att främja aktivitetsutförandet för rullstolsanvändaren och sittandet är en viktig förutsättning för detta. Arbetsterapeuten på ett särskilt boende har oftast stora arbetsområden, och har inte möjlighet att vara med de boende dagligen. Det är omvårdnadspersonalen som stödjer de boende i vardagen. Omvårdnadspersonalens perspektiv på betydelsen av sittande och vila påverkar den rullstolsburne personens möjlighet att få vara delaktig i utförandet av dagliga aktiviteter.
Studiens syfte var att belysa hur omvårdnadspersonalen, på särskilt boende, beskriver sittandets och vilans betydelse för den äldre rullstolsburne personens möjlighet till aktivitet och delaktighet. En kvalitativ intervjustudie gjordes där urvalet var ändamålsenligt. Nio omvårdnadspersonal intervjuades och en kvalitativ innehållsanalys användes. Resultatet redovisades i fyra huvud- och sju underliggande kategorier. Huvudkategorierna belyste: 1. Omvårdnadspersonalens beskrivning av hur de upplever sittandets problematik, och dess lösningar, 2. Omvårdnadspersonalens roll, samt påverkansfaktorer vid aktivitetsutförande i rullstol, 3. Vilans betydelse under dagen och 4. Den egna kunskapen och synen på arbetsterapeuten som kunskapsförmedlare.
Respondenterna beskrev att de upplevde att en bra sittställning i rullstolen samt möjlighet till vila och sträcka ut kroppen under dagen, var viktiga faktorer för den rullstolsburne personens aktivitetsförmåga och välmående. Detta var något som omvårdnadspersonalen diskuterade och eftersträvade dagligen. Respondenterna upplevde dels att de kunde tillfredsställa vilobehovet, dels att de inte kunde det p.g.a. att tidsbrist och inrutade rutiner ibland hindrade detta. Kunskap om vila och sittande var något som respondenterna upplevde att de hade, trots att få utbildningsmöjligheter erbjöds.