Journal articles: 'ADL'

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Buska, Douglas E., and Mark L. Wilkins. "ADL." ACM SIGPLAN OOPS Messenger 2, no. 1 (January 1991): 8–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/122438.122439.

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Guimarães, Iuli Caetano da Silva Brandão, Thiago Henrique da Silva, Cristina Cirino Picchi, and Romualdo Shigueo Fukushima. "Assessing the Repeatability and Reliability of NIRS to Predict Nutritional Values and to Evaluate Two Lignin Methods in Urochloa spp. Grasses." Grasses 2, no. 2 (June 5, 2023): 112–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/grasses2020010.

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Reliable forage analysis is crucial for proper ration formulation of ruminant herds. Through its fast, inexpensive, and non-destructive procedures, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has become a valuable method for forage evaluating. Notwithstanding, NIRS needs calibration before routine analysis. In addition, to evaluate the best method for lignin quantification in Urochloa spp. grasses is crucial under a digestibility perspective in grass-fed ruminant production. The aims of this study were to use 149 samples from different Urochloa species to develop NIRS calibration curves (partial least squares regressions) for acid detergent lignin (ADL), acetyl bromide lignin (ABL), as well as for ash, cell wall (CW), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD), and in vitro NDF digestibility (IVNDFD). Moreover, the aim of this study was to correlate the in vitro digestibility with lignin quantification methods: ADL and ABL. Near-infrared spectroscopy showed potential for the quantification of Urochloa spp. properties, such as lignin contents (ADL and ABL) and ash, CW, NDF, ADF, IVDMD, and IVNDFD. However, calibrations performed using NIRS to measure ADF, ADL, IVDMD, and IVNDFD need to be thought about with caution before their utilization as a routine analysis for determining the potential for nutrient measurement and digestibility of Urochloa spp. grasses. In addition, the ABL method used for lignin quantification was better correlated with IVDMD and IVNDFD than the ADL method.

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Oquendo, Flavio. "π-ADL." ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes 29, no. 3 (May 2004): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/986710.986728.

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Blom, Hans, De-Jiu Chen, Henrik Kaijser, Henrik Lönn, Yiannis Papadopoulos, Mark-Oliver Reiser, Ramin Tavakoli Kolagari, and Sara Tucci. "EAST-ADL." International Journal of System Dynamics Applications 5, no. 3 (July 2016): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsda.2016070101.

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EAST-ADL is an Architecture Description Language (ADL) initially defined in several European-funded research projects and aligned with AUTOSAR and ISO26262. It provides a comprehensive approach for defining automotive electronic systems through an information model that captures engineering information in a standardized form. Aspects covered include vehicle features, requirements, analysis functions, software and hardware components and communication. The representation of the system's implementation is not defined in EAST-ADL itself but by AUTOSAR. However, traceability is supported from EAST-ADL's lower abstraction levels to the implementation level elements in AUTOSAR. In this article the authors describe EAST-ADL in detail, show how it relates to AUTOSAR as well as other significant automotive standards and present recent research work on using and advancing EAST-ADL, the functional safety standard ISO 26262, heterogeneous multi / many core architectures, security and for multi-objective optimization.

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Drummond, Avril, and Lynn Legg. "ADL Works!" British Journal of Occupational Therapy 71, no. 3 (March 2008): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802260807100301.

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UEDA, SATOSHI. "Recondisering activity of daily living.From possible - ADL and doing - ADL to should-be-ADL." Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 30, no. 8 (1993): 539–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2490/jjrm1963.30.539.

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Neumann, Sabine. "Beten als ADL." physiopraxis 3, no. 03 (March 2005): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1307844.

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Eine Patientin mit Kopftuch am Gehbarren oder auf dem Laufband: Das ist für die meisten Physiotherapeuten ein seltsamer Anblick. Warum Physiotherapie mit muslimischen Patienten häufig ganz anders abläuft als mit Patienten aus westlichen Kulturen, und warum Muslime Krankheit anders empfinden als diese, berichtet physiopraxis-Autorin Sabine Neumann.

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&NA;, &NA;. "1996 ADL Catalog." Home Healthcare Nurse: The Journal for the Home Care and Hospice Professional 14, no. 6 (June 1996): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004045-199606000-00016.

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Малютина, К. А. "Матрица ADL-LC." Тенденции развития науки и образования 96, no. 4 (2023): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/trnio-04-2023-198.

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Модель ADL/LC разработана Артуром Д., известной консалтинговой компанией в области менеджмента. Небольшое развитие. Аббревиатура ADL - это Артур Д., консалтинговая организация. Из-за сокращения названия модель была разработана в этой организации. Аббревиатура LC - это сокращение от жизненного цикла.

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Ando, Bruno, Salvatore Baglio, Cristian Orazio Lombardo, and Vincenzo Marletta. "An Event Polarized Paradigm for ADL Detection in AAL Context." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 64, no. 7 (July 2015): 1814–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tim.2014.2385144.

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Lourenço, Arnaldo Duarte. "Suporte (holder) ADL para cirurgia profética valvar cardíaca: the ADL Holder." Revista Brasileira de Cirurgia Cardiovascular 8, no. 1 (March 1993): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-76381993000100007.

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KILPIÖ, MATTI. "BEOWULF 1763 adl odde ecg: A CORRUPTION OF adl odde ecet ?" Notes and Queries 48, no. 2 (June 1, 2001): 97—b—98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nq/48-2-97b.

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KILPIȔ, MATTI. "BEOWULF 1763 adl odde ecg: A CORRUPTION OF adl odde ecet?" Notes and Queries 48, no. 2 (2001): 97—b—98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nq/48.2.97-b.

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Acharya, M., A. J. Ashworth, D. M. Burner, J. M. Burke, D. H. Pote, and J. P. Muir. "Browse potential of bristly locust, smooth sumac, and sericea lespedeza for small ruminants." Agroforestry Systems 94, no. 3 (December 27, 2019): 1087–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10457-019-00479-0.

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AbstractTemperate grass and legume yield and quality are markedly reduced during hot, dry summer months in the southern USA; therefore, browse species could add feed options for small ruminants during this season. Our objective was to compare total biomass yield and forage nutritive value of two browse species, leguminous bristly locust (Robinia hispida) and smooth sumac (Rhus glabra), as well as a leguminous shrub known as sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneate), during summer months (June, July, August and September). Plants were sampled monthly during growing-seasons in 2012 and 2013 to determine biomass yield (foliar, shoot, and total above ground) and foliar nutritive value [crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and condensed tannins (CT)]. There was a species × harvest time interaction for foliar biomass yield (P = 0.0125). This interaction was likely due to low yield in June for bristly locust compared with sericea lespedeza and smooth sumac, but in all other months (July, August, and September) yields were similar for each species. Bristly locust had the highest CP (16.9%), followed by sericea lespedeza (14.8%), and smooth sumac (12.3%). Acid detergent fiber and ADL were similar between bristly locust (ADF 38.5%; ADL 24.1%) and sericea lespedeza (ADF 38.4%; ADL 23.1%), but was lower for smooth sumac (ADF 22.1%, ADL 6.3%; P < 0.05). Condensed tannins, an anti-nutritive yet anti-parasitic phenolic compounds, were highest in smooth sumac, intermediate in bristly locust, and lowest in sericea lespedeza. Plant foliar percentage (ratio of foliar to shoot mass), was highest in smooth sumac (55.1%), followed by sericea lespedeza (47.7%), and bristly locust (42.6%). Overall, smooth sumac had the highest foliar biomass and lowest ADF and ADL; however, this species had the lowest CP and highest CT. Consequently, average foliar biomass yield of all three browse species in our study far exceeded forage yield from dominant forage species [tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus) and bermudagrass (Cyanodon dactylon)] in this region and may provide high-yielding, low input, anti-parasitic fodder for small ruminants during this period in the Southeastern U.S.

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Steel, John R. "PFA implies ADL(ℝ)." Journal of Symbolic Logic 70, no. 4 (December 2005): 1255–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2178/jsl/1129642125.

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In this paper we shall proveTheorem 0.1. Suppose there is a singular strong limit cardinal κ such that □κ fails; then AD holds in L(R).See [10] for a discussion of the background to this problem. We suspect that more work will produce a proof of the theorem with its hypothesis that κ is a strong limit weakened to ∀α < κ (αω < κ), and significantly more work will enable one to drop the hypothesis that K is a strong limit entirely. At present, we do not see how to carry out even the less ambitious project.Todorcevic [23] has shown that if the Proper Forcing Axiom (PFA) holds, then □κ fails for all uncountable cardinals κ. Thus we get immediately:It has been known since the early 90's that PFA implies PD, that PFA plus the existence of a strongly inaccessible cardinal implies ADL(ℝ) and that PFA plus a measurable yields an inner model of ADℝ containing all reals and ordinals. As we do here, these arguments made use of Tororcevic's work, so that logical strength is ultimately coming from a failure of covering for some appropriate core models.In late 2000, A. S. Zoble and the author showed that (certain consequences of) Todorcevic's Strong Reflection Principle (SRP) imply ADL(ℝ). (See [22].) Since Martin's Maximum implies SRP, this gave the first derivation of ADL(ℝ) from an “unaugmented” forcing axiom.

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Vardeberg, Kjersti, Mette Kolsrud, and Toril Laberg. "Sunnaas Index of ADL." World Federation of Occupational Therapists Bulletin 24, no. 1 (January 1991): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14473828.1991.11785249.

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Spencer, Carol, Michael Clark, and Dennis S. Smith. "A Modification of the Northwick Park ADL Index (The Australian ADL Index)." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 49, no. 11 (November 1986): 350–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802268604901103.

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A modification of the Northwick Park ADL Index is being used by the Daw House Rehabilitation Unit, Repatriation General Hospital, South Australia. The modifications include some changes to make the test more suitable for Australian conditions, more specific task components, and observation of actual performance of the tasks rather than of simulation. It is applied to all stroke patients admitted to the unit, under test conditions. Scores are entered into a computer program and may be printed as a histogram. The results are available to clinical staff for treatment planning and evaluation, and to research staff as a research instrument. Data are being collected to evaluate the use of the ADL Index to predict the outcome of rehabilitation.

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Blank, R. "Erhebung von Alltagsfertigkeiten - Reliabilität eines Screeningfragebogens (Münchner ADL-Fragebogen - M-ADL©)." Klinische Pädiatrie 219, no. 1 (January 2007): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-872494.

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Fleischmann, R., D. Alvarez, A. Bock, C. Cronenberger, I. Vranic, W. Zhang, and R. Alten. "AB0289 EFFICACY, SAFETY AND IMMUNOGENICITY IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS COMPARING PF-06410293 (ADL-PF), AN ADALIMUMAB (ADL) BIOSIMILAR, AND REFERENCE ADL: RESULTS FROM WEEK 26–52 OF A DOUBLE-BLIND, RANDOMISED PHASE 3 STUDY INCLUDING PATIENTS WHO SWITCHED FROM ADL-PF TO REFERENCE ADL AT WEEK 26." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1443.1–1444. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.279.

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Background:PF-06410293 (ADL-PF) is an adalimumab biosimilar approved for the treatment of several inflammatory and autoimmune indications.1The efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of ADL-PF and reference adalimumab sourced from the European Union (ADL-EU) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been demonstrated to be similar in a randomised controlled trial up to 26 weeks (wks; treatment period 1 [TP1]).2Objectives:To evaluate the efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of ADL-PF and ADL-EU in patients with moderate to severe RA on longer-term treatment, and following a treatment switch from ADL-EU to ADL-PF in a subset of patients.Methods:This multinational, randomised, double-blind, parallel-group study compared ADL-PF and ADL-EU in essentially biologic-naïve patients with active RA despite methotrexate (MTX) (NCT02480153). In TP1, patients were randomised (1:1) to ADL-PF or ADL-EU (40 mg subcutaneous injection every 2 wks) for 26 wks while continuing MTX (10–25 mg/wk). The primary endpoint was achievement of American College of Rheumatology response (ACR20) at Wk 12. At Wk 26, the start of treatment period 2 (TP2), patients receiving ADL-EU were blindly re-randomised (1:1) to remain on ADL-EU or switch to ADL-PF for 26 wks while patients receiving ADL-PF continued treatment in a blinded manner. Secondary efficacy endpoints at Wks 26, 30, 36, 44 and 52 (ACR20/50/70, European League Against Rheumatism [EULAR] response, Disease Activity Score [DAS] 28-4[CRP] <2.6 and ACR/EULAR defined remission), safety events and percentage of patients with anti-drug antibodies (ADA) were assessed.Results:In TP1, 597 patients were randomised to ADL-PF (n=297) or ADL-EU (n=300). At Wk 26, 552 patients were re-randomised for TP2 (continued ADL-PF, n=283; continued ADL-EU, n=135; switched from ADL-EU to ADL-PF, n=134). Patients who demonstrated at least minimal efficacy continued in TP2. Observed ACR20 rates were comparable between treatment groups at all visits during TP2 (Figure). Other measures of deep response (ACR70, EULAR good response, DAS28-4(CRP) <2.6 and ACR/EULAR defined remission) showed maintained efficacy during TP2 in all treatment groups. Incidences of treatment-emergent adverse events were comparable between treatment groups (Table). Overall, incidences of ADA through Wk 52 were comparable between treatment groups (47.3%, 54.1% and 45.9% for patients who continued ADL-PF, continued ADL-EU or switched from ADL-EU to ADL-PF, respectively). In patients who switched from ADL-EU to ADL-PF compared with patients who continued ADL-EU, the increase in ADA incidence over TP2 was 0.8% (from 45.1% to 45.9%) versus 6.7% (from 47.4% to 54.1%), respectively.Conclusion:TP2 results demonstrated comparable efficacy, safety and immunogenicity between ADL-PF and ADL-EU was maintained up to Wk 56 and was unaffected by a blinded switch from ADL-EU to ADL-PF at Wk 26.References:[1]Pfizer Inc, 2019.http://labeling.pfizer.com/ShowLabeling.aspx?id=12780[2]Fleischmann RM et al,Arthritis Res Ther2018;20:178.Table.All-causality TEAEs: Treatment Period 2 (Safety population)Continued ADL-PF(n=283)Continued ADL-EU(n=135)Switched from ADL-EU to ADL-PF(n=133)Number of AEs243112100Patients with events, n (%) AEs123 (43.5)60 (44.4)51 (38.3) Serious AEs4 (1.4)6 (4.4)3 (2.3) ≥ Grade 3 AEs7 (2.5)7 (5.2)4 (3.0)TEAEs leading to treatment discontinuation6 (2.1)8 (5.9)2 (1.5)Deaths000ADL-EU, adalimumab sourced from the European Union; ADL-PF, adalimumab biosimilar PF-06410293; AE, adverse event; TEAE, treatment-emergent AE.Acknowledgments:Medical writing support, provided by Jacqui Oliver of Engage Scientific Solutions. The study was funded by Pfizer.Disclosure of Interests:Roy Fleischmann Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Akros, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Boehringer, IngelhCentrexion, Eli Lilly, EMD Serono, Genentech, Gilead, Janssen, Merck, Nektar, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Roche, Samsung, Sandoz, Sanofi Genzyme, Selecta, Taiho, UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, ACEA, Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Gilead, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi Genzyme, UCB, Daniel Alvarez Shareholder of: Pfizer, Employee of: Pfizer, Amy Bock Shareholder of: Pfizer, Employee of: Pfizer, Carol Cronenberger Shareholder of: Pfizer, Employee of: Pfizer, Ivana Vranic Shareholder of: Pfizer, Employee of: Pfizer, Wuyan Zhang Shareholder of: Pfizer, Employee of: Pfizer, Rieke Alten Grant/research support from: Pfizer, Galapagos, Galapagos NV, Gilead, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Novartis, Consultant of: Pfizer, Speakers bureau: Pfizer

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Den Broeder, N., E. Ulijn, M. Wientjes, N. Van Herwaarden, I. Meek, L. Tweehuysen, A. Van der Maas, B. Van den Bemt, and A. Den Broeder. "AB0186 NO PREDICTIVE VALUE OF ADALIMUMAB SERUM LEVELS AND ANTI-ADALIMUMAB ANTIBODIES AT TIME OF ADALIMUMAB FAILURE FOR PREDICTION OF RESPONSE TO THE NEXT BDMARD." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1392.1–1393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1386.

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Background:After adalimumab treatment failure, TNFi and non-TNFi bDMARDs are equally viable as subsequent treatment in RA. However, preliminary data suggest that anti-drug antibodies (ADA) and adalimumab serum levels (ADL) predict response to a subsequent TNFi [1].Objectives:To assess the association of presence of ADA and/or low ADL with response to a subsequent TNFi bDMARD or non-TNFi bDMARD.Methods:A retrospective cohort study to assess the predictive value of ADA and ADL for response to a subsequent TNFi or non-TNFi bDMARD in RA patients.All RA patients who received adalimumab (standard dose, ≥ 3 months) and subsequently switched to another TNFi or a non-TNFi (rituximab, tocilizumab, abatacept) in the Sint Maartenskliniek or Radboud University Medical Centre between January 2012 and January 2018 were considered for inclusion in the current study. Further inclusion criteria were the availability of (random timed) serum samples between ≥8 weeks after start, and ≤2 weeks (for ADL) or ≤12 weeks (for ADA) after discontinuation of adalimumab, and clinical outcome measurements (DAS28-CRP/BSE) between 3-6 months after treatment switch. Serum samples were derived from a period of biobanking at every visit of RA patients and an observational cohort study including consecutive bDMARD starters.The primary outcome of this study was the association between ADL or ADA and EULAR good response (DAS28-CRP/ESR based) to the subsequent bDMARD. When DAS28-based response was unreliable due to glucocorticoid use, or low baseline DAS28 (if switching due to adverse effects), judgement of the rheumatologist was used.A drug-tolerant competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Sanquin, the Netherlands) was used to quantify ADA, and thereafter, ADL was determined via an ELISA. Reference values were ≥5 µg/ml for ADL and <12 AU/ml for ADA [2,3]. Treatment was blinded for ADL and ADA levels.Prediction of response were assessed using the area under the receiver-operator characteristic (AUROC) and sensitivity/specificity. Sub-analyses were performed for primary and secondary non-responders. Correlations between ADL and ADA presence and clinical variables were also cross-sectionally explored.Results:137 patients were included, 47 of whom switched to a second TNFi and 90 to a non-TNFi. Sensitivity and specificity of the proposed ADA and ADL reference values were low (table 1). The AUROC did not differ appreciably or significantly from 0.5. Results were similar for both primary and secondary non-responders to adalimumab.Table 1.predictive values of ADA and ADL for response to a subsequent bDMARD in TNFi and non-TNFi switchers.sensitivity (%)specificity (%)AUCCITNFi switchersADA presence (>12AU/mL)18750.460.32-0.59low ADL (<5mg/L)32690.500.29-0.71non-TNFi switchersADA presence (>12AU/mL)33700.520.42-0.63low ADL (<5mg/L)50520.500.34-0.65Higher ADL (Spearman’s ρ = -0.68, p = 0.00) but not ADA (ρ = 0.23, p = 0.28) presence was associated with a lower DAS28 at the time of switching to a subsequent bDMARD, but not with follow-up DAS28 after starting the subsequent bDMARD (ρ = -0.29, p = 0.17, and ρ = 0.10, p = 0.65, respectively). In addition, higher ADL were associated with lower baseline CRP (ρ = – 0.67, p = 0.00) and ESR (ρ = – 0.546, p = 0.006) and higher ADA correlated with higher baseline ESR (ρ = 0.49, p = 0.01).Conclusion:No predictive value for response to a second TNFi or non-TNFi was found for either ADA or random timed ADL. Limitations of this study are the retrospective design and random timed serum sampling. An ongoing randomized blinded test-treatment trial will provide more definitive answers [4].References:[1]Van Herwaarden et al.Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol.2017;13:843–57.[2]Pouw et al.Ann Rheum Dis.2015 Mar;74(3):513-8.[3]Bartelds et al.Ann Rheum Dis.2007 Jul;66(7):921-6.[4]ADDORA-SWITCH study,www.trialregister.nl,no NL 8210Disclosure of Interests:Nathan den Broeder: None declared, Evy Ulijn: None declared, Maike Wientjes: None declared, Noortje van Herwaarden: None declared, Inger Meek: None declared, Lieke Tweehuysen: None declared, Aatke van der Maas: None declared, Bart van den Bemt Grant/research support from: UCB, Pfizer and Abbvie, Consultant of: Delivered consultancy work for UCB, Novartis and Pfizer, Speakers bureau: Pfizer, AbbVie, UCB, Biogen and Sandoz., Alfons den Broeder: None declared

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Möller, Jürgen, J. Arananant, K. Boonnayanont, J. Danier, M. Egert, K. Fütö, H. Horst, et al. "Gravimetric Determination of Acid Detergent Fiber and Lignin in Feed: Interlaboratory Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 92, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 74–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/92.1.74.

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Abstract On the basis of AOAC Official Method 973.18, a collaborative study was performed to determine fractions of acid detergent fiber (ADF) and lignin (ADL) in animal feed. The study used 6 animal feed and forage samples as blind duplicates and involved 22 participants from 7 countries. The samples analyzed covered a range from 3.5 to 70 ADF and from <1 to 20 ADL. Repeatability standard deviations ranged from 0.27 to 0.95 for ADF and from 0.08 to 0.59 for ADL. The reproducibility standard deviations ranged from 0.56 to 2.44 for ADF and from 0.52 to 2.09 for ADL. Analyzed samples comprised clover and grass silages, soy meal, cattle feed, wheat, and sawdust. The studied method has been published as the EN ISO 13906:2008 standard.

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Wæhrens, Eva Ejlersen, and Anne G. Fisher. "Developing linear ADL ability measures based on the ADL Taxonomy: A Rasch analysis." Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy 16, no. 3 (January 2009): 159–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11038120802483080.

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Fleischmann, Roy M., Daniel F. Alvarez, Amy E. Bock, Carol Cronenberger, Ivana Vranic, Wuyan Zhang, and Rieke Alten. "Randomised study of PF-06410293, an adalimumab (ADL) biosimilar, compared with reference ADL for the treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis: results from weeks 26–52, including a treatment switch from reference ADL to PF-06410293." RMD Open 7, no. 2 (April 2021): e001578. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rmdopen-2021-001578.

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ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy, safety, immunogenicity and pharmacokinetics of biosimilar adalimumab (ADL) PF-06410293 (ADL-PF; adalimumab-afzb) versus EU-sourced reference ADL (ADL-EU) in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on longer-term treatment and after being switched from ADL-EU to ADL-PF.MethodsIn this multinational, double-blind study, patients with active RA were initially randomised to ADL-PF or ADL-EU for 26 weeks (treatment period (TP) 1). At the start of TP2 (weeks 26–52), patients in the ADL-EU arm were blindly re-randomised 1:1 to remain on ADL-EU (ADL-EU/ADL-EU; n=135) or switched to ADL-PF (ADL-EU/ADL-PF; n=134); patients receiving ADL-PF continued blinded treatment (ADL-PF/ADL-PF; n=283).ResultsThe American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement (ACR20) response rates were comparable between treatment groups at all visits during TP2. At week 52, ACR20 response rates were 82.7% (ADL-PF/ADL-PF), 79.3% (ADL-EU/ADL-EU) and 84.3% (ADL-EU/ADL-PF). Other measures of deep response (ACR50/70, ACR/EULAR-defined remission, EULAR good response, and Disease Activity Score in 28 Joints Based on High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein <2.6) and Health Assessment Questionnaire−Disability Index were maintained over TP2 and comparable between groups. Treatment-emergent adverse events were reported in 43.5% (ADL-PF/ADL-PF), 44.4% (ADL-EU/ADL-EU) and 38.3% (ADL-EU/ADL-PF) of patients; there were no clinically meaningful differences in the safety profiles between groups. The percentage of patients who were antidrug antibody positive was comparable overall among ADL-PF/ADL-PF (47.3%), ADL-EU/ADL-EU (54.1%) and ADL-EU/ADL-PF (45.9%).ConclusionsThe similar efficacy, safety, immunogenicity and pharmacokinetics of ADL-PF and ADL-EU, maintained up to week 52, were unaffected by blinded treatment switch from ADL-EU to ADL-PF at week 26.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02480153; EudraCT number: 2014-000352-29.

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Alfisyah, Finni, Mareselina Marselina, Hasanah Hasanah, and Muhammad Jusman Rau. "Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Tingkat Kemandirian Activity Daily Living (ADL) pada Pasien Pasca Stroke di UPT. RSUD Undata Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah." Preventif : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 12, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/preventif.v12i2.347.

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Stroke menyebabkan kelumpuhan hemiplegia/hemiparesis yang diakibatkan oleh kerusakan jaringan otak pada bagian berlawanan anggota tubuh. Kelumpuhan tersebut menyebabkan kecacatan pada pasien sehingga sulit untuk melakukan aktivitas dan menjadi bergantung kepada orang lain. Stroke merupakan penyebab kematian kedua dan penyebab utama kecacatan di dunia. Data Riskesdas Tahun 2018 untuk Wilayah Sulawesi Tengah mengenai prevalensi PTM menunjukkan stroke berada pada urutan ke dua dengan persentasi 10,9%. Activity Daily Living (ADL) adalah proses rehabilitasi dengan membiasakan pasien beraktivitas secara mandiri meliputi penggunaan toilet, makan, berpakaian/berdandan dan berpindah tempat, dengan merapkan ADL membantu pasien agar cepat pulih dari ketergantungannya. Kemandirian ADL dapat terhambat jika dukungan yang diterima kurang, adanya depresi dan keparahan stroke yang diderita. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kemandirian ADL pada pasien pasca stroke di UPT. RSUD Undata Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Besar sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 70 orang yang diambil melalui teknik purposive sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji Spearman rank dengan hasil analisis variabel tingkat depresi terhadap kemandirian ADL yaitu ρ-value 0,000, hasil analisis variabel dukungan keluarga terhadap kemandirian ADL yaitu ρ-value 0,047, dan hasil analisis variabel jenis stroke terhadap kemandirian ADL yaitu ρ-value 0,524. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu ada hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat depresi dan dukungan keluarga terhadap kemandirian ADL pada pasien pasca stroke di UPT. RSUD Undata Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah, dan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis stroke yang diderita terhadap kemandirian ADL pada pasien pasca stroke di UPT. RSUD Undata Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah.

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Fitch, John, Rachel Williams, Dennis Myers, and Michael Devin. "COMPARISON OF SENSOR BASED CONTINUOUS ADL ASSESSMENTS TO CARE-GIVER ADCS-ADL SURVEY RESULTS." Innovation in Aging 7, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2023): 872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.2808.

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Abstract This paper presents analysis results between the Birkeland Current (BC) Sovrin IoT in-home sensing system and monthly ADCS-ADL survey data for Care Recipient/Caregiver (CR/CG) pairs (N=117) as part of a Phase II NIA SBIR study (R44AG065118) conducted from 2021 to 2023. The analysis provides correlation analysis between overall BC ADL Scores and ADCS-ADL scores as well as comparisons to IADL/BADL scores. The CR population was screened to represent mild to mid-level cognitive decline and was continuously monitored in home and assisted living environments for up to 18 months. The BC system demonstrates significant correlation with the ADCS-ADL score at the level of sensitivity of the ADCS survey and subfactor results. The BC system is able to demonstrate sensitivity to a single point change in the two-factor BADL score as well as a single point change in the two-factor IADL score. Discussion of limitations of comparison to retroactive surveys is described. Novel ADL measurement dimensions are discussed for further study.

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Gupta, Ashim, Ajish S. R. Potty, Deepak Ganta, R. Justin Mistovich, Sreeram Penna, Craig Cady, and Anish G. Potty. "Streamlining the KOOS Activities of Daily Living Subscale Using Machine Learning." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 232596712091044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120910447.

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Background: Functional outcome scores provide valuable data, yet they can be burdensome to patients and require significant resources to administer. The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a knee-specific patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) and is validated for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction outcomes. The KOOS requires 42 questions in 5 subscales. We utilized a machine learning (ML) algorithm to determine whether the number of questions and the resultant burden to complete the survey can be lowered in a subset (activities of daily living; ADL) of KOOS, yet still provide identical data. Hypothesis: Fewer questions than the 17 currently provided are actually needed to predict KOOS ADL subscale scores with high accuracy. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Pre- and postoperative patient-reported KOOS ADL scores were obtained from the Surgical Outcome System (SOS) data registry for patients who had ACL reconstruction. Categorical Boosting (CatBoost) ML models were built to analyze each question and its value in predicting the patient’s actual functional outcome (ie, KOOS ADL score). A streamlined set of minimal essential questions were then identified. Results: The SOS registry contained 6185 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction. A total of 2525 patients between the age of 16 and 50 years had completed KOOS ADL scores presurgically and 3 months postoperatively. The data set consisted of 51.84% male patients and 48.16% female patients, with a mean age of 29 years. The CatBoost model predicted KOOS ADL scores with high accuracy when only 6 questions were asked ( R2 = 0.95), similar to when all 17 questions of the subscale were asked ( R2 = 0.99). Conclusion: ML algorithms successfully identified the essential questions in the KOOS ADL questionnaire. Only 35% (6/17) of KOOS ADL questions (descending stairs, ascending stairs, standing, walking on flat surface, putting on socks/stockings, and getting on/off toilet) are needed to predict KOOS ADL scores with high accuracy after ACL reconstruction. ML can be utilized successfully to streamline the burden of patient data collection. This, in turn, can potentially lead to improved patient reporting, increased compliance, and increased utilization of PROMs while still providing quality data.

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Maruyama, Hajime, and Hidetoshi Takahashi. "Assessment of ADL in Children." Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 58, no. 9 (September 18, 2021): 998–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2490/jjrmc.58.998.

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Koyama, Tetsuo, and Kazuhisa Domen. "ADL Assessment of Neurological Disorders." Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 58, no. 9 (September 18, 2021): 980–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2490/jjrmc.58.980.

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Okimoto, Kimie, Kouichi Matsuo, Miho Hayashi, and Yoshihiro Terada. "Oral ADL in the Elderly." Nihon Hotetsu Shika Gakkai Zasshi 41, no. 1 (1997): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2186/jjps.41.117.

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Smith, Carole. "Sensory Stimulation and ADL Performance:." Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics 6, no. 1 (June 28, 1988): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j148v06n01_05.

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Smith, Carole. "Sensory Stimulation and ADL Performance:." Physical & Occupational Therapy In Geriatrics 6, no. 1 (January 1988): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j148v06n01_05.

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Dutil, Elisabeth, Andree Forget, Marie Vanier, and Celine Gaudreault. "Development of the ADL Profile." Occupational Therapy In Health Care 7, no. 1 (January 1990): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j003v07n01_03.

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Dutil, Elisabeth, Andree Forget, Marie Vanier, and Celine Gaudreault. "Development of the ADL Profile." Occupational Therapy In Health Care 7, no. 1 (December 21, 1990): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j003v07n01_03.

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. "896 Adl-Assistentie Bij Fokuswonen." Zorg en Financiering 4, no. 6 (June 2005): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03091014.

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Bours, Gerrie. "(I)ADL behouden bij ouderen." TVZ 126, no. 6 (December 2016): 34–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41184-016-0140-1.

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Zwakhalen, Sandra, Michel Bleijlevens, Judith Meijers, Mirre den Ouden, and Jan Hamers. "Met Daily NURSE ADL stimuleren." TVZ - Verpleegkunde in praktijk en wetenschap 129, no. 5 (October 2019): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41184-019-0101-6.

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Jakobsson, Ulf. "The ADL-staircase: further validation." International Journal of Rehabilitation Research 31, no. 1 (March 2008): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mrr.0b013e3282f45166.

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Rick Mullin. "Wacker will buy ADL BioPharma." C&EN Global Enterprise 101, no. 16 (May 22, 2023): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-10116-buscon14.

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Leila Luvena Ambalistiarini Roeslan ADL and Andrey Sujatmoko. "Leila Luvena Ambalistiarini Roeslan ADL." Reformasi Hukum Trisakti 5, no. 4 (November 9, 2023): 1076–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/refor.v5i4.18553.

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Hak asasi manusia dapat diartikan sebagai hak yang melekat pada pribadi suatu manusia yang bersifat fundamental dan kodratif yang harus dijunjung, dihormati, dan dilindungi setiap individu salah satunya Anak Buah Kapal. ABK sebagai bagian dari rakyat Indonesia, memiliki hak untuk mendapatkan perlindungan dan keselamatan dalam bekerja, terutama jika ABK tersebut bekerja di kapal ikan asing. Permasalahan dalam skripsi ini adalah apakah tindakan kekerasan terhadap ABK WNI di Kapal Long Xing 629 merupakan praktik perbudakan yang masuk kedalam kategori perdagangan orang menurut Protokol Palermo Tahun 2000, kemudian bagaimana penyelesaian kasus tindakan kekerasan terhadap ABK menurut Protokol Palermo Tahun 2000. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian skripsi ini adalah yuridis normatif yang bersifat deskriptif analitis, bersumber pada data sekunder yang dianalisis secara kualitatif, dan ditarik kesimpulan dengan metode deduktif. Kesimpulan yang ditarik adalah tindakan kekerasan terhadap ABK merupakan praktik perbudakan modern yang masuk ke dalam tindak pidana perdagangan orang menurut Protokol Palermo 2000, karena telah memenuhi 3 unsur perdagangan orang dalam Pasal 3 yang meliputi unsur proses, unsur cara dan unsur tujuan.

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Lehfeld, H., and H. Erzigkeit. "Beeinträchtigungen der Alltags-aktivitäten (ADL) und der kognitiven Leistungsfähigkeit in unterschiedlichen Demenzstadien - Ein Vergleich von ADL-Fremdbeurteilungen, ADL-Selbsteinschätzungen und einem psychometrischen Leistungstest -." Fortschritte der Neurologie · Psychiatrie 68, no. 6 (June 2000): 262–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2000-11537.

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Prosper, Harrison B., Sezen Sekmen, Gokhan Unel, and Arpon Paul. "Recent advances in ADL, CutLang and adl2tnm." EPJ Web of Conferences 251 (2021): 03062. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202125103062.

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This paper presents an overview and features of an Analysis Description Language (ADL) designed for HEP data analysis. ADL is a domainspecific, declarative language that describes the physics content of an analysis in a standard and unambiguous way, independent of any computing frameworks. It also describes infrastructures that render ADL executable, namely CutLang, a direct runtime interpreter (originally also a language), and adl2tnm, a transpiler converting ADL into C++ code. In ADL, analyses are described in humanreadable plain text files, clearly separating object, variable and event selection definitions in blocks, with a syntax that includes mathematical and logical operations, comparison and optimisation operators, reducers, four-vector algebra and commonly used functions. Recent studies demonstrate that adapting the ADL approach has numerous benefits for the experimental and phenomenological HEP communities. These include facilitating the abstraction, design, optimization, visualization, validation, combination, reproduction, interpretation and overall communication of the analysis contents and long term preservation of the analyses beyond the lifetimes of experiments. Here we also discuss some of the current ADL applications in physics studies and future prospects based on static analysis and differentiable programming.

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Jepisa, Tomi, and Radian Ilmaskal. "Analisis Hubungan Pengetahuan Petugas Panti Tentang Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Activity Daily Living pada Lanjut Usia." JIK- JURNAL ILMU KESEHATAN 3, no. 2 (October 24, 2019): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.33757/jik.v3i2.229.

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Kemampuan lansia dalam memenuhui kebutuhan Activity Daily Living yang tinggal di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha diantaranya kebutuhan makan, mandi, berpakaian, toileting, kontinesia dan berpindah tidaklah semudah sewaktu muda kala, oleh karena itu petugas panti sosial harus mempunyai kemampuan dan pengetahuan yang tinggi. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dimana adanya lansia yang ketergantungan dalam kebutuhan mandi dan toileting. Disini peran dan pengetahuan petugas panti sangat dibutuhkan sekali agar terjaga kebersihan lansia, terhindar dari penyakit dan lansia dapat secara mandiri dalam memenuhui kebutuhan ADL nya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengetahuan petugas panti tentang Activity Daily Living (ADL) dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan ADL pada lansia yang tinggal di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Propinsi Sumatera Barat. Jenis penelitian ini analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitian seluruh petugas PSTW dengan sampel 51 orang. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebagian besar petugas panti berpengatahuan baik (60.8%) pemenuhan ADL pada lansia yang tinggal di PSTW sebagian besar kurang (68.6%). Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini ditemukan ada hubungan pengetahuan tentang ADL dengan pemenuhan ADL pada lansia yang tinggal di PSTW Propinsi Sumatera Barat. Kata Kunci: ADL, Petugas panti, Pengetahuan

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Irawati, Evi, Lil Fitri, Triani Adelina, and Elviriadi Elviriadi. "KANDUNGAN FRAKSI SERAT KULIT UBI KAYU (Manihot utilissima) YANG DIFERMENTASI RAGI TAPE (Saccharomyces cerevisae) DENGAN LAMA FERMENTASI YANG BERBEDA." JURNAL PETERNAKAN 14, no. 2 (November 17, 2017): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/jupet.v14i2.3712.

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Kulit ubi kayu adalah limbah pertanian yang cukup besar potensinya sebagai bahan pakan. Penelitian ini bertujun untuk mengetahui pengaruh lama fermentasi terhadap kualitas fraksi serat kulit ubi kayu yang difermentasi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September sampai Oktober 2016 di Laboratorium Nutrisi dan Kimia Fakultas Pertanian dan Peternakan Universitas Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan penelitian yang Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dengan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini adalah lama fermentasi A = 0 hari, B = 3 hari, C = 6 hari dan D = 9 hari. Parameter yang diamati berupa fraksi serat yaitu kandungan NDF, ADF, ADL, hemiselulosa dan selulosa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama fermentasi berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kandungan ADF dan tidak berpengaruh (P>0,05) terhadap kandungan NDF, ADL, hemiselulosa dan selulosa. Disimpulkan bahwa lama fermentasi yang berbeda memberikan pengaruh terhadap kandungan ADF, namun belum berpengaruh terhadap kandungan NDF, ADL, hemiselulosa dan selulosa. Lama fermentasi yang berbeda tidak mampu meningkatkan kandungan hemiselulosa dan selulosa, serta tidak mampu menurunkan kandungan NDF, ADF, dan ADL fermentasi kulit ubi kayu.

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Shanti Dewi, I. Gusti Ayu, Anak Ayu Nyoman Trisna Narta Dewi, I. Dewa Gede Alit Kamayoga, and I. Dewa Ayu Inten Dwi Primayanti. "Activity Daily Living Berhubungan dengan Kualitas Tidur Lansia." Majalah Ilmiah Fisioterapi Indonesia 12, no. 2 (May 25, 2024): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mifi.2024.v12.i02.p03.

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Pendahuluan: Proses penuaan pada lansia mengakibatkan timbulnya masalah kesehatan. Penurunan kemampuan fisik mengakibatkan lanjut usia tidak mandiri saat melaksanakan Activity Daily Living (ADL) sehingga menimbulkan ketergantungan pada orang lain. Lanjut usia yang memiliki permasalahan pada ADL akan sulit tidur, kerap terbangun, dan sulit tertidur kembali. ADL sering dikaitkan dengan kualitas tidur pada orang lanjut usia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan ADL dengan kualitas tidur pada lansia di Desa Guwang Gianyar. Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah analitik observasional menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian ini diselenggarakan pada bulan April-Mei 2022. Subjek diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Jumlah subjek pada penelitian ini sejumlah 59 orang lansia yang berusia 60-80 tahun. Kuesioner yang digunakan untuk mengukur ADL yaitu Barthel Indeks dan kualitas tidur dengan Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil uji Chi Square ditemukan perolehan nilai p sejumlah 0,001 dengan p<0,05, berarti terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara ADL dengan Kualitas Tidur. Didapatkan hasil yang menunjukkan sebagian besar subjek mandiri dalam melakukan ADL yaitu sejumlah 42 orang (71,2%) dan sejumlah 33 orang (55,9%) subjek mempunyai kualitas tidur yang baik. Simpulan: Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara ADL dengan kualitas tidur pada lansia di Desa Guwang Gianyar. Kata Kunci: activity daily living, kualitas tidur, lansia

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Yoga Yatindra, Ida Bagus Gde Tirta, Dyah Pradnyaparamita D, and Komang Ayu Kartika Sari. "HUBUNGAN STATUS NUTRISI DAN PENYAKIT KOMORBID DENGAN ACTIVITY DAILY LIVING PADA ORANG LANJUT USIA DI KOTA DENPASAR." E-Jurnal Medika Udayana 11, no. 9 (September 13, 2022): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mu.2022.v11.i9.p15.

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Meningkatnya angka harapan hidup seiring dengan meningkatnya jumlah penduduk usia lanjut. Orang lanjut usia akan mengalami perubahan komposisi tubuh dan lebih rentan terhadap penyakit sehingga berdampak pada berkurangnya kemampuan dalam melakukan kegiatan secara mandiri. Tingkat kemandirian dari lansia dapat dilihat melalui penghitungan skor Activity Daily Living (ADL). ADL dapat dipengaruhi oleh keadaan tubuh seperti disabilitas karena kehilangan organ tubuh, penyakit kronis, kondisi tubuh, atau kelemahan yang dapat terjadi karena penuaan. Penyakit yang dapat mempengaruhi ADL ini contohnya gagal jantung kongestif, pasca stroke, arthritis, diabetes melitus. Selain penyakit yang telah disebutkan, komposisi tubuh juga memberikan peranan penting dalam perubahan ADL. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan status nutrisi dan penyakit komorbid dengan ADL pada orang lanjut usia di Kota Denpasar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik cross sectional yang dilakukan di empat banjar di Kota Denpasar. Data Responden adalah hasil instrument ADL Barthel dan tinggi badan serta berat badan terhadap 70 responden lansia. Variabel bebas adalah status nutrisi dan penyakit komorbid sedangkan variabel tergantung adalah status ADL. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian tertinggi berjenis kelamin perempuan (78,5%), IMT lebih (37,5%), ADL ringan (77,15%), dan tidak memiliki penyakit komorbid (37,1%). Penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara status nutrisi dengan ADL (P=0,016) sedangkan tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara penyakit komorbid dengan ADL (P=0,353) pada orang lanjut usia di Kota Denpasar. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan perubahan status nutrisi pada lansia dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan lansia tersebut untuk melakukan kegiatannya sehari – hari. Kata Kunci: status nutrisi, penyakit komorbid, activity daily living, lansia

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Senabre-Gallego, J. M., J. Rosas, M. Marco, G. Santos Soler, J. A. Bernal, A. Pons, C. Cano, J. A. García-Gómez, X. Barber, and J. Molina. "FRI0295 ADALIMUMAB LEVELS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH DRUG RETENTION RATES IN AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS PATIENTS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 736–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4989.

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Background:Production of anti-drug antibodies (ADA) could cause low serum anti-TNF levels and low drug retention rates.Objectives:To assess the relationship between serum adalimumab (ADL) levels and drug retention rates in patients with axial SpA.Methods:Single-center prospective study in patients with axial SpA, according to ASAS criteria, being treated with ADL. In the first part of the study, from December 2010 to June 2016, data was collected and serum samples were taken. In a second part of the study, clinical records were reviewed to find out the dates and reasons of treatment discontinuation. Information was collected on age gender, body mass index (BMI), date of diagnosis of SpA, laboratory data, including HLAB27, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP), prior biological treatment for SpA, concomitant conventional synthetic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (csDMARDs). SpA disease activity was assessed by BASDAI, ASDAS and PGA scores. A serum sample was taken from all patients just before the next adalimumab dose. ADL and ADA levels were analysed with ELISA Promonitor®, (Proteomika, Progénica, Griffols) and correlated with SpA activity using BASDAI and ASDAS scores. Cox proportional hazards model was performed in order to assess the relation of variables with drug interruption.Results:Up to January 2016, 51 consecutive patients were included. The mean (range) age was 46,9 (18–68) and 47.1% were women. HLAB27 was positive in 82,4% of patients. Mean disease duration was 122,9 months (2-408) and mean duration of treatment with adalimumab was 17,8 months (1-69). ADL was the first biological agent received in 36 patients (70.6%). Eleven patients (21.6%) were on concomitant treatment with receiving concomitant csDMARDs, mainly methotrexate (MTX) (15.7%) and sulfasalazine (5.9%). The mean (SD) activity scores were BASDAI 4,0 ± 2,3; ASDAS-PCR 2,1 ± 1,1 and ASDAS-VSG 2,1 ± 1,0.ADA prevalence was 27.5%, with none detected in the 21.6% taking csDMARDs (p = 0.021). ADL level was normal (> 3 mg/l) in 36 patients (70.6%), all without ADA. Fifteen patients (29.4%) had subtherapeutic ADL levels (< 3 mg/l), with ADA in 14 (93%).Total ADL treatment time was 241,16 patient/years, and mean ADL treatment time was 4,73 years. Cox model results were resumed in table 1. Multivariate study show that ADL level > 3 mg/L was a protective factor for ADL interruption (HR 0.01 (0.00-0.59, p=0.026), while previous etanercept treatment was a risk factor for ADL interruption 9.54 (1.23-74.08, p=0.031).Table 1.Cox model.ContinueDiscon=tinueUnivariateHRMultivariateHRADL level<3 mg/L13 (86,7%)2 (13,3%)0.05 (0.00-0.65, p=0.022)0.01 (0.00-0.59, p=0.026)≥3 mg/L28 (77,8%)8 (22,2%)Concomitant DMARDYes8 (72,7%)3 (27,3%)0.56 (0.14-2.26, p=0.419)0.28 (0.05-1.65, p=0.159)No33 (82,5%)7 (17,5%)BMINormal13 (86,7%)2 (13,3%)2.56 (0.54-12.23, p=0.239)0.48 (0.02-9.75, p=0.634)Overweight/obese27 (77,1%)8 (22,9%)AgeMean (SD)46,4 (12,2)48,7 (11,6)0.93 (0.24-3.60, p=0.912)0.60 (0.10-3.84, p=0.594)GenderMen19 (70,4%)8 (29,6%)0.43 (0.09-2.03, p=0.283)0.58 (0.03-10.06, p=0.705)Women22 (91,7%)2 (8,3%)InfliximabpreviousYes4 (40,0%)6 (60,0%)3.31 (0.92-11.87, p=0.066)1.37 (0.23-8.24, p=0.731)No37(90,2%)4 (9,8%)EtanerceptpreviousYes2 (22,2%)7 (77,7%)8.17 (2.09-31.90, p=0.003)9.54 (1.23-74.08, p=0.031)No39 (92,9%)3 (7,1%)ADL: adalimumab; BMI: body mass index; DMARD: disease modifying antirheumatic drug; SD: standard deviation.Conclusion:Adalimumab drug levels > 3 mg/L is a protective factor against treatment interruption.Etanercept previous treatment was a risk factor for treatment interruption.Acknowledgments:The study was supported by a grant from “Asociación para la Investigación en Reumatología de la Marina Baixa” (AIRE-MB).Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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Parker, L., and R. J. Thorpe. "RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN UNMET ADL NEEDS AND CONSEQUENCES OF UNMET ADL NEEDS AMONG OLDER MEN." Innovation in Aging 1, suppl_1 (June 30, 2017): 494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igx004.1754.

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Axmon, Anna, Lisa Ekstam, Björn Slaug, Steven M. Schmidt, and Agneta Malmgren Fänge. "Detecting longitudinal changes in activities of daily living (ADL) dependence: Optimizing ADL staircase response choices." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 82, no. 10 (June 12, 2019): 646–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308022619853513.

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Shen, Huei-Wern, Sheila Feld, Ruth E. Dunkle, Tracy Schroepfer, and Amanda Lehning. "The Prevalence of Older Couples With ADL Limitations and Factors Associated With ADL Help Receipt." Journal of Gerontological Social Work 58, no. 2 (December 22, 2014): 171–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01634372.2014.944248.

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Sato, Susumu, Shinichi Demura, Kiyoji Tanaka, Kohsho Kasuga, and Hidetsugu Kobayashi. "ADL ability characteristics of partially dependent older people: Gender and age differences in ADL ability." Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 6, no. 2 (July 2001): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02897952.

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Journal articles on the topic 'ADL'

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