Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Administration coloniale'
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Salmon, Élodie. "L'Académie des Sciences coloniales. Une histoire de la « République lointaine » au XXème siècle." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL056.
Full textThis thesis proposes to study a “ certain vision“ of France through the History of the Académie des Sciences coloniales (ASC) now called the Académie des Sciences d’Outre-mer, since its formation in 1922 until the 1970’s. Contributing to the analysis of the “colonial sciences” and its connections with the centre of power, the research about this society of experts is a gateway towards several fields regarding the colonial thought and its developments.Generalist, multidisciplinary and created by some of very important personalities from the ancient “parti colonial”, the ASC is representative of the French colonial circles of the interwar period. The study of its composition allows us to outline a real “colonial class”, part of the French ruling class, fiercely sovereignist and promoting the “empire notion”. The thought which embodies these “coloniaux” combines closely the universalism of the French Republic messianism and the particularist relativism proper to the domination of “the Other”. Those two postulates are theoretically opposite. For a long time, the historiography has presented the fact that the colonisation by the French republic is contradictory to its original premise. The expression “République lointaine” (“Distant Republic”) which is both a geographic reality and a conceptual approach is forged to refute this false paradox. This work leads to an analysis of this thought evolution.The resilience and the adaptation of this Academy, which outlasts its fundamental purpose, becoming its “memorial repository”, deserve at least a specific attention. Through this research subject, we observe terminological, thematic and reticular conversions of the entire “colonial class”. Decolonization of words, introduction of the integrating themes of cooperation and francophonie, dilution of the former “colonial class” and its opening to the international networks, are indeed crucial to understand this transition
Etter, Anne-Julie. "Les antiquités de l'Inde : monuments, collections et administration coloniale (1750-1835)." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070063.
Full textThis dissertation explores the relationship between the study of the past and the rise and functioning of colonial administration in India. Description and preservation of material remains of Indian civilization developed as the East India Company (EIC) became a political power in India, ruling a growing number of territories. Proliferation of works on antiquities, encouraged by the creation of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, foundation of museums at London and Calcutta, promotion of care and repair of selected buildings all attest to that process. Civil and military employees of the EIC who undertake antiquarian researches and collect objects (statues, inscriptions, coins, etc. ) lie at the heart of that movement. This study also details the role of Indian assistants, informants and scholars, as well as that of the EIC as an institution. Through an analysis of the contribution of those various actors, it throws light upon methods and concepts underlying investigation or Indian antiquities, partly inspired by that of European antiquities. It also examines the ends of exploration and preservation of monuments, which deal with both scholar and political spheres. This dissertation thus lies at the junction of colonial history, history of orientalism and that of antiquarianism
Seck, Papa Ibrahima. "L'ecole coloniale francaise en afrique noire (1817 - 1960) : le cas du senegal. essai de sociologie politique et historique de la strategie." Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA070004.
Full textThe present study constitutes of an essay on the political and historical sociology of strategy. Its field is the french colonial academic politics in black africa. Our intention is to take into consideration the strategy as it is intrinsically and as it appears during all the period of official existence of colonial educational system (1817 to 1960), to model it, to present it, analyse it and, finally, to disengage the considerations of principal in epistemological matters of the strategy. Three capital principles constitute the basis of this strategy : the administrative centralism, the assimilation and the utilitarism. The first two conform to the tradition of the french national construction, the third corresponds to the developement of capitalism at the xix th and xx th centuries. These principles present three fondamental caracteristics : the permanence of the objective, the adaptability to diverse conjunctures and the progressiveness of the action. Thus in the light of this strategy, the academic system for a period of 140 years has been set up (1817 to 1957, that is from the year of the creation of the first school at saintlouis to that of the creation of the university of dakar). From the coloniser's interests, this strategy has been efficient and has marked a notable measure of success. It has been coherent, excluded precipitation and avoided short term vision. Finally, it provides a capacity to counter the legitimate reactions of africans
Sellès, Lefranc Michèle. "De l’altérité coloniale à l’anthropologie de soi : terrains de savoirs en Kabylie." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0532.
Full textThe ability of the natives to maintain control of their cultural references and parctices in a colonial situation was characterized in Kabylia by resistance to assimilation in the culture of the colonizer. This is illustrated by the chain of precursors in the construction of cultural identity which emerged even before the independence of Algeria. Tracing its genealogy requires studying the different contexts, methods and actors in the development of cross-disciplinary knowledge: from the travellers of the 18th century, the interpreters and officers from the Bureaux arabes, the marginal scholars from the University of Algiers, the primary school teachers and administrators, to the ethnographers of the colonial period and the first French-speaking Kabyle writers. The “Kabyle myth”, in the words of Ch. -R. Ageron and widespread in the scientific community, does not ultimately explain the representation of native otherness found in monographs of the colonial archives which contradicts the supposed assimilation of a region to the French administrative organization. The Kbyle woman was also an issue in the contradictory dbates within the Kabyle elite. The analysis of the various modes of reappropriating knowledge, from the Orientalist period with the inception of the University of Algiers, dedicated to language and ethnography, to the native literature after world war II, sheds light, byond the colonial and postcolonial violence, on the singularity of the manufacturing of an invention of self which exceeds the ideal native transmission of a regionalist culture
Thiam, Samba. "Les indigènes paysans entre maisons de commerce et administration coloniale : pratiques et institutions de crédit au Sénégal (1840-1940)." Montpellier 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON10009.
Full textThiam, Samba. "Les indigènes paysans entre maisons de commerce et administration coloniale : pratiques et institutions de crédit au Sénégal, 1840-1940 /." Aix-en-Provence : Presses universitaires d'Aix-Marseille-PUAM, Faculté de droit et de science politique, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41154096n.
Full textOnana, Janvier. "Professionnalisation politique et constitution d'un champ politique : l'émergence d'un champ politique professionnalisé au Cameroun sous administration coloniale française (1946-1956)." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100013.
Full textThabouillot, Gérard. "Un projet politique et administratif pour l’arrière-pays de la Guyane française : le territoire de l’Inini (1930-1969)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040105.
Full textIn 1930, France established the Autonomous Territory of Inini, an administrative division governing French Guiana's hinterland. Once Guiana had become an overseas department, the formula was renewed from 1951 in the shape of a district with special status, remaining so officially until 1961 and in effect until 1969. Discussing this politico-administrative system - largely based on what had been worked out for French colonies in Africa – gives a key to understanding the ultimate stage of the French state's expansion process in a social and cultural Amazonian context. That effort at social integration was the work of civil servants in the field who, from 1936 on, conducted a sustained policy of contact by establishing administrative posts in the interior of the territory and at its borders. These low-ranking colonial officers and gendarmes implemented an administrative approach to the handling of various communities – deportees from Southeast Asia held in special jails, border tribes or gold-diggers – across areas under the political influence of neighbouring states. The Inini file is an encouragement not to limit the history of French Guiana to that of an old colony turned into an overseas department (D.O.M.) in 1946. It makes it possible to go beyond analyses which are linked to assimilation policies. It also tends to moderate the anthropological view of an artificial and hasty integration of forest tribes. Lastly, it paves the way for a comparative analysis of Guyanese back countries
A França criou, em 1930, o Território autónomo do Inini, colónia de administração directa dahinterlândia da Guiana francesa. Após a départementalisação da Guiana, este dispositivocontinuou em 1951 sob a forma de distrito à estatuto específico (particular), juridicamente até1961 e de facto até 1969. A descrição deste sistema politicoadministrativo, fortementeinspirado de estas concebidas para as colónias da África, permite analisar a ultima etapa doprocesso de expansão do Estado francês num espaço social e cultural amazónico. Estaintegração foi a obra dos funcionários de terreno que levaram, a partir de 1936, uma políticacontínua de contato no âmbito de uma implantação dinâmica de postos administrativos emdireção do interior e das fronteiras. Este pessoal subalterno, funcionários coloniais egendarmes, implementou uma técnica administrativa de abordagem e gestão das populações -déportados indochineses dos Estabelecimentos Penitenciários Especiais, tribos de fronteira egarimpeiros - num espaço aberto às políticas dos Estados vizinhos. A história do Inini incita anão limitar a história da Guiana francesa à essa de uma velha colónia que tornou-se, em 1946,em Departamento de Ultramar (D.O.M.). Permite ultrapassar esta análise que diz respeito aodiscurso político assimilacionista. Ela nuança também a interpretação pela antropologia deuma integração de populações silvícolas artificialmente e apressadamente conduzida. Porúltimo, abre o caminho à uma análise comparativa do interior (da hinterlândia) das Guianes
In 1930 werd door Frankrijk het zelfstandige gebied Inini gecreëerd, het onder directkoloniaal bestuur vallende achterland van Frans Guyana. Nadat Guyana een overzeesdepartement was geworden, bleef deze bestuursvorm bestaan tot in 1951 in de vorm van eenarrondissement met speciaal statuut, in rechte tot 1961 et feitelijk tot 1969. De beschrijvingvan deze bestuursvorm die sterk werd beïnvloed door het voor de Afrikaanse koloniënontwikkelde systeem, maakt het mogelijk het laatste stadium van het expansieproces van deFranse overheid te analyseren in het sociale en culturele gebied van de Amazone. Deze socialeintegratie was het werk van ambtenaren die ter plaatse, vanaf 1936, een aanhoudend contactbeleid uitvoerden bij de oprichting van administratieve posten in het binnenland van hetgebied en aan de grenzen. Dit ondergeschikte personeel, ambtenaren en politie, voerden eenbestuursbeleid uit van benadering en behandeling van de bevolking - indo-chinesegedeporteerden bewaard in speciale strafkampen, aan de grenzen levende stammen engoudzoekers – in een gebied dat open stond voor politieke invloed van de buurtstaten. Degeschiedenis van het Inini gebied nodigt uit de geschiedenis van Frans Guyana niet tebeperken tot die van een oude kolonie die in 1946 een overzees gebiedsdeel (D.O.M.) isgeworden. Zij nuanceert tevens de antropologische interpretatie van een te kunstmatige en tesnel uitgevoerde integratie van de woudbevolking. En ten laatste opent zij de weg naar eenvergelijkende analyse van de achterlanden van Guyana
Dubreuil, Serge. "Jules Silvestre, un soldat en Indochine, 1862-1913 ou La diffusion de l'idée coloniale." Toulouse 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU20032.
Full textJules Silvestre was born in 1841 in Rochefort, a western coastal naval town of the French royal navy. After joining the marines as an infantry man, he made a career for himself in Indochina where he served as an administrator of local affairs. From 1862 to 1883, he went on serving in Cochin-China. Then he was appointed to be the head of civilian and political affairs in Tonkin. Though he wasn't much attracted by colonial life at the very beginning of his career, he became more and more involved in the issues of colonization which he discovered by virtue of his various and numerous offices in the state service. His written works attest to the involvement in his duties. Back to France in 1886, he has then in charge of the local society of geography of Rochefort, the avowed object of this society being the circulation of the colonial ideology in Lower-Charente department. In Paris, he was offered a chair by the Political sciences college, of Annamese customory and statute law. He held this charge until 1913. Going into j. Silvestre's case shows how the French had to meet with difficulties before he could settle new administration structures. Moreover, from the study of this case we may understand how J. Silvestre came on a long way in his ideas of colonization. Initially unconcerned, he later became fascinated by the importance of the mission and acted as an eager propagandist of the colonial idea. For 24 years he lived and worked in those far-off countries, then for 27 years he taught in France; J. Silvestre devoted his whole life to his mission in Indochina, part of the French colonial empire
Essono-Edzang, Aristide. "Étude d'une société : les auxiliaires "indigènes" de l'autorité coloniale en Afrique Équatoriale Française (A.E.F.)." Bordeaux 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR30017.
Full textEvery colonial administration used natives assistants to help it govern the colonial territories. The french colonial territories in central africa, known as french equatorial africa (a. E. F. ) as from 1910, did not escape from this rule. In fact, from the arrival of the french in the region in the middle of the nineteenth century until the four territories which made up the a. E. F. Federation (gabon, congo, central africa and tchad) became independent in 1960, many indigenous "allies" were integrated in the french colonial administration. This group of assistants was composed of differents kinds of individuals (traditional chiefs, interpreters, nurses, domestic servants, military men, militiamen, secretaries, ect. . . ). Although this group of people occupied the lowest positions in the colonial administration, they formed a distinct social category in the colonial society. To the extent that they became almost like a pressure group which the colonial authority had to take into account. After the second world war, this group of individuals benefited from the decolonization movements from which they emerged as the new local elites. In fact, it was the political-administrative assistants which later took over the direction of the four new countries of the former a. E. F. At time of independence in 1960
Garavaglia, Gian Luciano. "De l'idéologie à la réalité coloniale : l'élaboration d'une structure juridique au Tonkin colonial entre rhétoriques, représentations, régimes politiques et influences réciproques (1886-1931)." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC045.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the development and implementation of a legal structure in colonial Tonkin in order to clarify the specifics of the colonial political system and understand the terms of the diversity of the French colonial domination in a process of confrontation between theoretical metropolitan mechanisms and colonial principle reality. This research focuses on Tonkin because it occupies a special place in French politics in Vietnam, an area in which France relies on centralized precolonial political structures to design its colonial political model. The singular Tonkin protectorate embodies the quintessence of French colonial pragmatism. This specific political system leads to the superposition of two dissimilar legal models to form a heterogeneous legal framework of unprecedented complexity, which we will try to understand by analyzing thL: conceptuel creation, implementation and operation. Our research focuses on a period of Tonkin history that runs from the beginning of the French colonization in 1886, to a complete subjugation of local political organizations, to the colonial Indochinese "State" in the early 1930s. The period encompasses the entire spectrum of colonial political structures before the effervescence of anti-colonial and modernist movements disturb that political organization
Camel-Ventos, Florence. "L' administration coloniale et les touaregs en A. O. F. : de la répression des révoltes à la disparition des rezzous (1914-1934)." Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10041.
Full textPalmieri, Tommaso. "Étude comparative de l’administration militaire de l’Italie et de la France au Fezzan libyen. : Un cas de modèle colonial en continuité (1930-1951)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3020/document.
Full textDesert Libya’s region of Fezzan presents an interesting case of a consecutive colonial military administration. A fascist italian period of ten years is followed by a french shortest-term direct administration of eight years. The research highlights the emergence to bridge an historical gap. In the framework of a comparative study, the main goal of the thesis is to investigate the development of the administrative changeover from fascist Italy to France in the region, illustrating the establishment of the double administration managed by soldiers of the two colonial powers, its impact toward the social regional structures and its elements of continuity and change. The period we take into consideration extends from 1930 to 1951, between the full realization of the italian colonization of Libya, through the so-called fascist “pacification”, and the transition process of the Independent Libyan State. This leads to explore a final understanding hypothesis, concerning the repercussion of this military continuum administration on the independence process of Libya
Il presente studio analizza lo sviluppo strutturale di una breve presenza coloniale, temporalmente consecutiva. Nel quadro di una ricerca di storia comparata, l’obiettivo è quello di descrivere il processo di instaurazione, esecuzione e governance di una duplice amministrazione coloniale europea: quella dell’Italia fascista e della Francia nel Fezzan libico. Si tratta anzitutto di precisare in che modo le zone desertiche del Sud libico divengono, progressivamente, un oggetto di contesa strategica tra le potenze imperiali, tali da rendere necessaria l’urgenza del ricorso ad una gestione amministrativa a carattere esclusivamente militare. Il nucleo centrale dell’elaborato indaga sulla maniera in cui dette strutture amministrative sono state concepite e messe in pratica da parte dei rispettivi militari impegnati sul posto, e il loro effettivo impatto sul tessuto sociale regionale. Nelle conclusioni, si evocano gli elementi di continuità e discontinuità tra le due esperienze; inoltre, tenuto conto del periodo storico preso in considerazione, compreso tra la piena realizzazione del colonialismo italiano in Libia e l’avvio del processo di transizione che porta il Paese nord africano verso l’indipendenza, si analizzano le conseguenze della gestione amministrativa in termini di costruzione identitaria dello Stato postcoloniale
Mabon, Armelle. "L'action sociale coloniale en afrique occidentale francaise du front populaire a la loi-cadre (1936-1956) mythes et realites." Montpellier 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON30059.
Full textHuillery, Elise. "Histoire coloniale : développement et inégalités dans l'ancienne Afrique occidentale française." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0111.
Full textThis PhD dissertation uses first-hand historical data on colonial French West Africa. First, I focus on the costs and benefits of colonial experience for France and its former colonies. I review the existing literature and show that evidence on whether colonialism was a costly or beneficiary experience for France is not clear yet. Then I provide an answer on the direct cost of French West Africa for French public expenses: this cost turns out to be very small -on average 0. 1 % of all public expenses. Few public investments were made during colonial times and almost all of them were financed by local population itself. Using econometrics, the thesis then seeks to provide evidence on the long term impact of colonial experience on current performances. I show that early colonial public investments m education, health and public works had large and persistent effects on current outcomes, and that a major channel for the long term effect of early investments is a strong persistence of investments: regions that got more of a specific type of investment at the early colonial times continued to get more of this particular type of investment. Finally, I give evidence that Europeans tended to settle in more prosperous pre-colonial areas and that the European settlement had a strong positive impact on current outcomes. I argue that the African hostility towards colonial power to colonisation provides a random variation in European settlement. Despite, the absence of a "reversal of fortune" within former French West Africa, some of the most prosperous pre-colonial areas lost their advantage because of their hostility: other areas caught up and became the new leaders in the region
Johnston, A. J. B. "L'ordre à Louisbourg : mesures de contrôle dans une société coloniale française, 1713-1758." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28477.
Full textMarquet, Julie. "Droit, coutumes et justice coloniale : les affaires de caste dans les établissements français de l'Inde, 1816-1870." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC078.
Full textIn the course of the 19th century, the government of the French settlements of India promises to respect the habits and customs of the Indian people. It also commits to judge the inhabitants of these settlements according to these customs and habits. It consequently creates a legal category to designate the customary conflicts judged by the colonial justice: the “caste affairs”. This study of caste affairs contributes to the recent developments in imperial and colonial history on the formation of the law. It resonates with the current works that question the idea of colonial law being imposed in a top-down fashion following a rational logic and that show that, on the contrary, colonial law results from arrangements with precolonial legal forms and local possibilities. The thesis specifically studies the process that shapes the legal system regarding castes. The legal system, understood as all the legal rules, the institutions in charge of enforcing them, and the use of these institutions, is analysed in its relationship with social demands. Furthermore, this localised analysis of the colonial situation, shed new lights on the Indian society of the south of the sub-continent. It contributes to the debates on the constitution of castes as a social unit and administrative category in the colonial period. The legal system is analysed from different perspectives. First, the focus is put on the colonial frameworks governing the caste affairs and on the ways in which the sovereignty of the colonial government is articulated. Second, the study gives attention to the different actors involved in the resolution of these conflicts, which participates to the shaping of these frameworks. To finish with, the study focuses on the forms and stakes of disputes in order to understand the role of the litigants in the production of social and legal norms
Aberdam, Marie. "Élites cambodgiennes en situation coloniale : essai d'histoire sociale des réseaux de pouvoir dans l'administration cambodgienne sous le protectorat français (1860-1953)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01H026.
Full textProposing a portray of the Cambodian high society during the French Protectorat, this PhD describes how the mantrī - Cambodian mandarins - manipulated their social organization in the colonial context. Through colonial archives, Cambodian sources and oral history, this essay demonstrates how the high society used their networks of parents within the royal then within the colonial administration. Those networks, composed of large group of allies and associates, were dedicated to the control of social and political powers. The conflicts between those networks - to gain control over the administration - rhythmed the dynastic history of Cambodia all along the 19th and 20th centuries. Their actors took a part in the establishment of the colonial order. Confronted to the penalization of their practices - assimilated to nepotism and corruption by the Colonial State - those networks of power then instrumentalized the needs of the colonial administration to their issues of perpetuation. Their members became colonial administrators and then limited the capacity of the colonial institutions to interfere on their social structures. A prosopographie of one hundred and twenty mantrī of the royal administration became civil servants of the Colonial State describes how their networks spread within the Indochinese services. A collective biography of one of these networks - a family, its allies and associates - analyses the kinship model of the Cambodian elite, its perpetuation and its evolutions depending of their relations with the royal family and the Colonial State until the independence
Benoist, Joseph-Roger de. "Les relations entre l'administration coloniale et les missions catholiques au Soudan français et en Haute-Volta de 1885 à 1945." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA070012.
Full textLe, Joubioux Hervé. "L'administration coloniale française : les gouverneurs de la Réunion et de Madagascar de 1939 à 1947." La Réunion, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LARE0021.
Full textOn the eve of the Second World War, France ruled over a wide colonial Empire managed, for the major part, by the minister of the colonies. In september 1939, France declared war to Germany and all its possessions were mobilized and especially those of such territories as La Reunion and Madagascar. Upon signing the armistice, and after somewhat hesitating, the governors of these two islands in the south-west of the Indian ocean, eventually made up their mind as to keep supporting Marechal Petain. All the represive laws eancted by the Vichy regime were henceforth implemented, despite a blockade that caused much suffered among the whole of the population. In May and September 1942, the British troops landed on Madagascar. Once the armistice was signed, in November of that very year, La Reunion joined the ranks of the France Libre, several days later. All was then set up to take part to the war effort on the Allies' side. However, the day to day life remained very hard in the two islands. The numerous elections taking place from 1945 onwards, gave rise to the arrival of new political personalities whose claims were much more different. In 1946, The Reunion island became an oversea department, but one election ended up in a tradegy. Madagascar, on the other han, was gradually becoming independant and headed to a clash which broke out during the upheaval of March 1947
Lacoste, Marie-Pierre. "Les intendants de la vice-royauté de la Nouvelle-Espagne (1764-1821) : origines, carrières et intégration coloniale : essai prosopographique." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20018.
Full textIntroduced in the viceroyalty of New Spain in 1764, the intendant system has gradually spread to all the territories of this geographical area. My current doctoral research is about the intendants of the viceroyalty of New Spain, whether they’ve been appointed in full ownership or provisionally. We conducted a prosopographical study of these men for all the territories of the viceroyalty (the kingdom of New Spain, the captaincy of Guatemala, the Louisiana, the islands of Cuba and Puerto Rico, the Philippine archipelago). The study of the geographical, professional and social origins allows us to determinate the profile of these agents sent to the Indies of Castile. The analysis of recruitment revealed so the importance of relational capital in the access of charges. Secondly, a significant part of our work has been dedicated to the concept of career, at the professional life. Was there a career within the institution of intendancy or was this charge, a simple step in a career at the service of the monarchy’s administration? These are the two questions that have served as the connecting thread for this part. We also wanted to show that the office of intendant was not only reserved for the Peninsulars, contrary to what we have long believed. The Creoles were present at the head of the institution. Our last part of my thesis finally reveals the integration of some of these men into the colonial society. 1821 didn’t put an end to the presence of Spaniards in America. The process of creolization has indeed been a historical reality
Introducido en el virreinato de la Nueva España en 1764, el sistema de la intendencia se extendió gradualmente a todos los territorios de esta área geográfica. El tema de mi investigación doctoral trata de los intendentes del virreinato de la Nueva España durante la segundad mitad del siglo XVIII y a principios del siglo XIX hasta la independencia, ya sean nombrados en plena propiedad o como interinos. Se realizó un estudio prosopográfico de estos hombres para todos los territorios del virreinato (el reino de la Nueva España, la capitanía general de Guatemala, la Luisiana, las islas de Cuba y de Puerto Rico, el archipiélago de Filipinas). El estudio de los orígenes geográficos, profesionales y sociales nos permitió determinar el perfil de estos agentes enviados a las Indias de Castilla. El análisis del reclutamiento ha revelado así la importancia del capital relacional para el acceso a los cargos. En un segundo tiempo, nuestro trabajo se consagró al concepto de “carrera” y a las trayectorias profesionales. ¿Se hacía carrera dentro de la institución de la intendencia o más bien constituía este cargo una etapa de la carrera al servicio de la administración de la monarquía? Estas son las dos preguntas que han servido de hilo conductor para esta parte. También hemos querido mostrar que la intendencia no sólo estaba reservada a los Peninsulares a diferencia de lo que hemos creído durante mucho tiempo. Los Criollos estuvieron bien presentes a la cabeza de la institución. La última parte de mi tesis sugiere por fin la integración de algunos hombres en la sociedad colonial. 1821 no puso fin a la presencia española en América. El proceso de criollización fue efectivamente una realidad histórica
Ramognino, Pierre. "Pierre Boisson, un proconsul de l'Empire français : le gouverneur général Pierre Boisson et le pouvoir colonial français en Afrique de l'Ouest de l'Exposition coloniale de 1931 à la fin de la Deuxième guerre mondiale." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002IEPP0028.
Full textPierchon, Jean-Baptiste. "Le Gouverneur Général Martial Merlin." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON10060.
Full textMartial Merlin was the Governor General of the AEF (French equatorial Africa) from 1909 to 1917, of the AOF (French western Africa) from 1919 to 1923 and of Indochina from 1923 to 1925. He is the only colonial administrator to have served as Governor General of all three organizations of the French colonies. The AEF, AOF and Indochina, each grouping together many colonies, were created at the end of the nineteenth century, in order to impose a coherence to the direction of the colonies, which up until then had been administered separately. A study of the colonial theory expressed in the works of Merlin provides an insight into the institution of the Government General. Merlin affirmed that the administration of the colonies should be organized on a clear basis. He assigned specific attributes to each organ of the Government General, and emphasized that the essential role was to be played by the Governor General, whose duty it was to define a unified policy for the political and economic direction of the various territories. Seeking a firm basis for this administration, Merlin implemented a policy of indirect government, controlling the native population by using their customary chiefs as intermediaries. As an agent of economic coordination, the Governor General was to turn to good account his group of colonies ; Merlin defined a policy of development which included initiatives to insure the means by which to implement that policy (he introduced, for example, a set of labor regulations). As an agent of political direction, the Governor General was to convince the natives of the advantages of the "French peace" ; Merlin defined and implemented a policy of “contact”, in order to gain the support of the natives to the French cause, while at the same time practicing a "defensive" policy, made necessary by the eruption of movements hostile to the French presence
Ainouche, Azzedine. "L'administration française et l'organisation officielle du culte musulman en Algérie coloniale, 1830-1907 : contribution à une étude des rapports Islam et politique en Algérie." Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX32035.
Full textIn the spite of the solemn promise made by bourmont at the algiers surrender in july 1830 to respect the property and the religion of the algerian moslems, the french colonial welfare in algeria soon turned to be brutal when dealing with the religions matters of islam (structures and property). Thus, it did not conform to its neutrality as far as religion is concerned. Owing to the fact that the foreign rules ignored the religions structures inherited from the algiers regency, altogether with their unsteady colonial government, the results of revolutionary changes that upset france herself, the french colonial policy in algeria appears to be hesitating. However, it is characterised by an overwhelming tendancy to seize the property called (habus) and the rule over islam in algeria. Very much attached to a religion that ignores any notion of separation from politics moslem people to demonstrate in various ways their hostility to the exactions commited against their cult which passed from relative autonomy (regency period) to absolute subordination to a government that did not share their cread. Yet, the moslems will put up with these conditions, till the disestablishment of the churches act (1907) was pursued by an enactment issued for the purpose of the colony. This measure met with considerable disapproval on behalf of the moslem elites (both religious and political) who endeavoured to entertain relationships in statu-quo with the colonial authorities
Tumba, Tutu-de-Muko. "L'expérience administrative coloniale au Congo belge et au Congo français : essai sur le mimétisme administratif." Paris 9, 1986. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1986PA090027.
Full textCoquet, Marine. "La ville et le bagne : histoire d'une commune pénitentiaire en terre coloniale, Saint-Laurent du Maroni, Guyane, 1857-1949." Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0013.
Full textThe construction of the township of Saint-Laurent du Maroni began in 1857 under the auspices of the Penitentiary Administration. It was destined to become a centre for penal colonisation and for the realisation of the utopie counterpart to the 1854 law on the transportation of persons sentenced to forced labour : the regeneration of convicts through labour and their transformation into colonists. The village of Saint-Laurent gradually took shape and acquiring, in 1880, the unprecedented municipal statute of "Penal Commune". Its fate was thus directly tied to that of the Penitentiary Administration ; Saint-Laurent du Maroni was henceforth known for being the penal township in French Guiana - up until the abrogation of this unique status in 1949. Long overshadowed by the prison camps, a history of the township - a history "beyond the walls" - has been made possible by the récent discovery of Saint-Laurent du Maroni's municipal archives. A new path has thus emerged for the study of French Guiana's history in both its penal and colonial dimensions. From 1880 the discovery of gold-bearing deposits in the upper reaches of the river would attract migrant populations from the Caribbean region in particular leading to the establishment of a free society on the penitentiary's territory. Henceforth penal policy was to be adjusted te colonial policy allowing private enterprise to develop on the Maroni. At the crossroads of colonial history and penal history the work that follows is devoted to the unique colonial situation that developed around Maroni where the relation ; between the coloniser and the colonised were modelled on the relations maintained between the free and penal worlds history the work that follows is devoted to the unique colonial situation that developed around Maroni where the relation between the coloniser and the colonised were modelled on the relations maintained between the free and penal worlds
Burton, David Raymond. "Sir Godfrey Lagden : colonial administrator." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001848.
Full textMourou, Max-Williams. "Les moyens d'action du ministère des Colonies de 1894 à 1914." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010657.
Full textCapdepuy, Arlette. "Félix Eboué, 1884-1944 : mythe et réalités coloniales." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR30051/document.
Full textDescendant of slaves, Felix Eboue was born in the middle of the lower middle class of Cayenne (Guiana) in 1884. He finished high school in Bordeaux and his graduate studies in Paris: he graduated from the “Ecole coloniale” in 1908. At his request, he was assigned in Oubangui-Chari (AEF colony). It remains in the bush twenty two years before becoming Chief (1931). He was appointed to various positions: Secretary General of Martinique (1932-1934), Secretary General of the French Sudan (1934-1936), governor of Guadeloupe (1936-1938), governor of Chad (1938-1940). In the summer of 1940, he chose the side of the Resistance with de Gaulle. The rallying Chad gives the leader of Free France, a French territory in Africa, a strategic importance. In November 1940, de Gaulle appointed Governor General of the AEF in Brazzaville and Companion of the Liberation. Until February 1944, thanks to his mastery of the colonial administration, he manages people and resources of the AEF for the benefit of Free France and the Allies. Exhausted and ill, he died in Cairo in May 1944. The memory State seizes his memory to make an icon rapidly enters the Pantheon in May 1949. But Felix Eboue is not limited to the myth: it is an iconic character of the Third Republic, he is a man rooted in his time by his membership in networks of power and ideas. Its specificity is to be hoped reform the colonial system and have believed it was possible to fight against the prejudice of color against racism on behalf of the values of the Republic. If he was a pioneer, this is the sport that was for him an ideal tool for the integration and development of the individual
Dourma, Marwanga. "La protection pénale de l'enfant au prisme de l'administration coloniale depuis la rencontre des droits occidentaux et des droits traditionnels en Afrique occidentale, spécialement au Togo : de 1922 à nos jours." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA4011.
Full textThe black African child lives in an environment where tradition and modernity exist side by side and occasionally clash. This co-existence, and occasional conflict can be seen at the level of daily life and also in the justice system. It is therefore a co-existence on both a sociological and judicial level. The phenomenon has its origins with the colonization of Africa. 19th century colonialism introduced onto the continent several new elements which radically altered the life of Africans. It introduced European law to peoples who had before only been governed by traditional laws arising from their customs. This new European law, today known as “modern law”, had always aimed at priority over traditional laws. The process of “European legalization” in the life of African societies through the single view of colonial priorities provoked a conflict in values which poses a problem for the African himself, but also for the child whose penal protection invites some questions. Through the specific example of Togo which experienced two different foreign justice systems, with first German and then French, colonization, the present study analyses the question of the legal protection of the child in black Africa. Starting with pre-colonial Africa, this analysis covers three successive periods before envisaging the near future. It is first a question therefore of analyzing the legal protection of the child in his traditional environment. The beginning of colonization is then examined in order to understand its administrative organization, for this organization not only altered the traditional protective environment of the child but also organized the penal law designed to protect the black African child. The answers proposed by contemporary protection policies need also to be analyzed. Finally the study, on the basis of the evidence that millions of African children still see their most basic elementary rights trampled on, examines the value of international judicial responses to the question of penal protection of the child, both at a regional level and that of the United Nations. This analysis therefore, covers three essential periods. The first is the pre-colonial period, characterized by the exclusive nature of laws originating from traditional customs, a period during which the child, considered as the essential element in society, is the concern of each member of the community. This central position of the child results from its status which is close to that of ancestors and deity. For this reason nobody can harm a child without offending both deity and the ancestors of the community and therefore provoking their anger towards the community of the culprit. In consequence, by watching over the security of the child the community watches over its own security as well as its economic prosperity as the child represents the economic capacity of the community. The second period, the colonial period, is characterized by the calling into question of the traditional legal protection of the child. Colonization, by virtue of its principles and administrative system imposed itself as the sole way of analyzing all sociological and judicial issues in Africa, despite the counter values that Africans blame it for introducing into their societies. Not only did the methods of introducing this organization provoke resistance, its refusal to take into account the traditional principles regulating African societies transformed the introduction into a problem instead of a solution towards helping African societies to “evolve”. In consequence, the judicial system proposed by colonization to protect the child never achieved the support of the great majority of African populations. The contemporary period, that is to say the post-colonial period, has little improved the real judicial situation of the African child. The stubbornness of African governments in drafting legislation as a continuation of colonial laws has rendered the penal law system ineffective. The intervention of regional and international law, through the Convention for the Rights of the Child and its additional protocols, along with The African Charter for the Rights and Well-being of the Child remain without any real effect. Those laws which don’t manage to create a universal law with “multiple facets” thereby integrating the specificities of Africa, seem condemned to have a minimal impact because they neither conquer the spirit nor the hearts of Africans who remain attached to their traditions, on both on a practical and a judicial level. Togo, fortunately, unlike, other countries in black Africa, seems to have realized that it is necessary to reconcile laws and people. It has been involved, for several years, in the construction of a more dynamic penal system for the protection on the child. This reconciliation of law with the people is being undertaken with information campaigns and the involvement of civil society through NGOs and associations. However, the still timid results must be pointed out on the basis that this process will only achieve its full effect by integrating in a considerable way the specific realities of Africa
Abou, Sall Ibrahima. "Mauritanie du Sud : conquêtes et administration coloniales françaises, 1890-1945 /." Paris : Karthala, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41058598h.
Full textBibliogr. p. 779-793. Notes bibliogr. Glossaire. Index.
Frémeaux, Jacques. "L'administration militaire francaise en afrique blanche et noire (1830-1930)." Montpellier 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON30033.
Full textThis work tries to explain why and in what circumstances the french army was in charge to administrate large parts of african territories (called precisely military territories), during the colonial expansion of the xixth century and in the beginning of the xx the xxth century. The book is divided in three parts : 1st) the story of the military territories : "bureaux arabes" of north africa ; western sudan, tchad and mauritania. 2nd) study of the officer corps : specialization, recruiting, daily life. Their position towards the whole army and the colons. Their attitude towards the native and particularly muslim religion. 3rd) the native troops called "suppletifs", created and commanded by the french officers. Their political and military action. French military doctors working for expansion
Ralaikoa, Albert. "Fiscalité, administration et pression coloniales dans le Sud-Betsileo, 1895-1918 /." Antananarivo : Université de Madagascar, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb355381760.
Full textCohen, Cynthia. "Educational administration in Namibia : the colonial and immediate post-independence periods." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316756.
Full textMutiua, Chapane. "Ajami Literacy, class, and Portuguese pre-colonial administration in Northern Mozambique." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13183.
Full textThis thesis, based on archival and fieldwork research, provides an historical analysis of the northern Mozambique ajami manuscripts held in the Mozambique Historical Archives (AHM). The main focus is on the role played by ajami literacy in the creation of a local Muslim intellectual class that played a significant role in the establishment of a Portuguese pre-colonial administration in northern Mozambique. The history of Islam in northern Mozambique is viewed as a constant struggle against the Portuguese establishment in the region. Through an examination of ajami correspondence held in the AHM and focusing on two of the main northern Mozambique Swahili centres of the nineteenth century (Quissanga and Sancul), this thesis offers a more nuanced interpretation of the relations between the Portuguese and the Swahili Muslim rulers of the region. On the one hand, it views Quissanga-Ibo Island relations based on systematic and relatively loyal collaboration expressed in more than two hundred letters found in the collection of AHM. On the other hand, it presents Sancul-Mozambique Island relations based on ambiguous collaboration and constant betrayals, expressed in forty letters of the collection. The AHM ajami manuscripts collection numbers a total of 665 letters which were first revealed in the context of the pilot study of northern Mozambique Arabic Manuscripts, held in the Mozambique Historical Archives, under the leadership of Professors Liazzat Bonate and Joel Tembe. The pilot study ended with the selection, translation and transliteration of sixty letters from this collection. For the present study I have read, summarized and translated the whole collection (excluding the 60 letters mentioned above). However, only 266 letters which are more relevant for the analysis and argument of my thesis, I have listed in the appendix of this dissertation; and nine of them I have closely examined and cited as the main sources for the construction of local history and as documentary witness of the historical facts I discuss. The use of ajami literacy in northern Mozambique is analysed in the context of global and regional phenomena. In this sense, it is viewed as a result of a longue duré process which integrated the region into the western Indian Ocean’s cultural, political and economic dynamics. It is argued that the spread of ajami literacy in the region was framed in the context of regional Islamic education and an intellectual network. Both were also part of the process of expansion of Islam in East Africa. xiQuissanga (in Cabo Delgado) and Sancul (in Nampula) represent the two main regional settlements from which most of the manuscripts originated. The ruling elites of both regions represent suitable examples of the integration of northern Mozambique into the Swahili political, economic and intellectual networks. They also offer examples of two different dynamics of the process of integration of northern Mozambique rulers into the Portuguese pre-colonial administration. Through an analysis of the spread of Islamic education and the use of Arabic script in the above-mentioned region, this thesis sought to establish the connection of coastal societies in northern Mozambique to the Swahili world (most specifically to Comoros Islands, Zanzibar and western Madagascar). It was through this connection that the Muslim intellectual class was created in northern Mozambique and played an important intermediary role in the process of the establishment of the Portuguese administration in the second half of the nineteenth century. Through their correspondence and reports, this local intellectual elite produced a body of manuscripts in Kiswahili and other local languages (in the Arabic script), which are now an important source for the history of the region.
Mourre, Martin. "De Thiaroye on aperçoit l’île de Gorée : histoire, anthropologie et mémoire d’un massacre colonial au Sénégal." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0099.
Full textBy connecting history and anthropology, this thesis analyses the representations of the Thiaroye massacre, a repression of the tirailleurs sénégalais, Western African conscripts of the French army, in the Thiaroye camp on the outskirts of Dakar that took place on December 1st, 1944. First, it aims at documenting the event that, sixty years after, remains a controversial issue among the historians. Secondly, this thesis aims at analysing both the past and current use of this tragedy in different periods of time-scales. As a consequence, it helps to read the path of the post-colonial senegalese nation through the use of historical referents. This work dealing with the history of Thiaroye massacre is based on more than sixty interviews, the analysis of the works of art representing the event, different kind of archives (colonial sources and press journals published since 1945 until today), and the ethnographic investigation (for instance among the college students). The representation of the December 1st 1944 is currently one of the paradigms of the colonial memory in Senegal. By trying to describe the use of the past during more than sixty years, it is possible to consider the links between the dominant memory – official as well as unofficial – or the specific forms of remembrance and the role of this past in the some identity dynamics
Lagarde, Louis. "Peuplement, dynamiques internes et relations externes dans un ensemble géographique cohérent de Mélanésie insulaire : l'exemple de l'Ile des Pins en Nouvelle-Calédonie." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010715.
Full textMillerat, Bernard. "Les officiers administrateurs au Maghreb : Maroc, Algérie, 1912-1962." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011VERS008S.
Full textWe seek to understand the essential features characterizing the role and duties of officers established in Morocco in 1912 as administrators named “Officiers des Affaires Indigènes”, and in Algeria from 1955 until the independence as “Officiers des Affaires Algériennes” (or officers of the “Sections Administratives Spécialisées”, S. A. S. ). These officers of the French army act in two completely different legal contexts : the first ones within the sovereign territory of the Sharifian Empire, the latter ones within a French territory governed by the laws of the Republic. From these two cases, we compare the respective roles of these officers, and determine how they differ. We argue that they share the desire and goal to resume contact (lost or non-existent until then) with Muslim populations which are concerned with peace, abandoned to poverty for too long, having nothing but trust to give back. This gathered the officers of the Indigenous Affairs and of the Algerian Affairs into the same crucible
Fairweather-Tall, Andrew. "From colonial administration to colonial state : the transition of government, education, and labour in Nyasaland, c.1930-1950." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270617.
Full textPrior, Christopher. "Constructing imperial mindsets : race and development in Britain's interwar African colonial administration." Thesis, Durham University, 2007. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3660/.
Full textBunton, Martin P. "The role of private property in the British administration of Palestine, 1917-1936." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244156.
Full textThomas, C. "Colonial government propaganda and public relations and the administration in Nigeria, 1939-51." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377259.
Full textIgarashi, Motomichi. "Genealogical analysis of the dispositive of humanitarianism/trusteeship : from colonial administration to peacebuilding." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2013. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/46590/.
Full textGombarino, Rutashigwa Faustin-Noël. "L' implantation missionnaire au Congo-RDC : de l' assistance à l'autonomie financière. Une approche socio-historique." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01H035/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses the missionary presence in the Democratic Republic of Congo under the Belgian rule towards the end of the Sixth Century. We seek to understand bow this Church came to be financially dependent by looking at the different causes or exogenous and endogenous as well as the roots of this phenomenon within the context of the colonial policy. From the beginning, it has received State subsidies and enjoyed other significant advantages including large tracts of land. Ever since the native hierarchy has taken over, i.e. as from the decolonization, this Church has been unable to support itself and has been obliged constantly seek external aid from western financial bodies in order to meet its needs. But in the light of the current western sociocultural context (decline of religious practices, financial crises worldwide ... ) such a financial extraversion is no longer comforting. Ali things considered, long accustomed as it was to be assisted, this Congolese Church now needs to develop a new course of action through which it will be able to find other means of self-support for its survival. The objective of this work is to show that there is potential at band, namely the mobilization and the rational management of the human and economic resources available, the cost-effectiveness of the production facilities inherited from the missionaries, but resting on a favourable national sociopolitical and economic environment and a change in the attitude of the parties involved
Oduwobi, Tunde. "Ijebu under colonial rule, 1892-1960 an administrative and political analysis /." Lagos : First Academic Publishers, 2004. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/57964881.html.
Full textHakim, Md Abdul Carleton University Dissertation Political Science. "The colonial legacy in the administrative system of a post-colonial state; the case of Bangladesh, 1971-1985." Ottawa, 1987.
Find full textBeaumont, Andrew D. M. "'Ambitious men of modest means' : colonial administration under the Earl of Halifax, 1748-1761." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496189.
Full textWrangham, Elizabeth Mary. "The Gold Coast and the First World War : the colonial economy and Clifford's administration." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325586.
Full textMeriwether, Jeffrey Lee. "Procrastination or pragmatism? : British defence policy, War Office administration, and the South African War, 1898-1903." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341163.
Full textMalik, Nasor. "Extension of Kiswahili during the German colonial administration in continental Tanzania (former Tanganyika), 1885-1917." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-95596.
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