Academic literature on the topic 'Administration for Children'

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Journal articles on the topic "Administration for Children"

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Fisher, Dennis M., Maurice s. Zwass, George G. Neuman, Lawrence G. Kushins, and Salvatore Ferrante. "Chloral Hydrate Administration to Children." Anesthesia & Analgesia 76, no. 3 (March 1993): 668???669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/00000539-199303000-00050.

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Neuman, George G., Lawrence G. Kushins, and Salvatore Ferrante. "Chloral Hydrate Administration to Children." Anesthesia & Analgesia 76, no. 3 (March 1993): 669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/00000539-199303000-00051.

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Bauwens, Jorgen, Luis-Henri Saenz, Annina Reusser, Nino Künzli, and Jan Bonhoeffer. "Safety of Co-Administration Versus Separate Administration of the Same Vaccines in Children: A Systematic Literature Review." Vaccines 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8010012.

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The growing number of available vaccines that can be potentially co-administered makes the assessment of the safety of vaccine co-administration increasingly relevant but complex. We aimed to synthesize the available scientific evidence on the safety of vaccine co-administrations in children by performing a systematic literature review of studies assessing the safety of vaccine co-administrations in children between 1999 and 2019, in line with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Fifty studies compared co-administered vaccines versus the same vaccines administered separately. The most frequently studied vaccines included quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate (MenACWY) vaccine, diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (DTaP) or tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccines, diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis adsorbed, hepatitis B, inactivated poliovirus and Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate (DTaP-HepB-IPV/Hib) vaccine, measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, and pneumococcal conjugate 7-valent (PCV7) or 13-valent (PCV13) vaccines. Of this, 16% (n = 8) of the studies reported significantly more adverse events following immunization (AEFI) while in 10% (n = 5) significantly fewer adverse events were found in the co-administration groups. Statistically significant differences between co-administration and separate administration were found for 16 adverse events, for 11 different vaccine co-administrations. In general, studies briefly described safety and one-third of studies lacked any statistical assessment of AEFI. Overall, the evidence on the safety of vaccine co-administrations compared to separate vaccine administrations is inconclusive and there is a paucity of large post-licensure studies addressing this issue.
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ÇAVUŞOĞLU, Hicran. "Medication Administration Errors in Children: Review." Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing 7, no. 2 (2015): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5336/nurses.2014-40231.

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Elbeshlawi, Ismail, and Mohamed S. AbdelBaki. "Safety of Gadolinium Administration in Children." Pediatric Neurology 86 (September 2018): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2018.07.010.

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Horvath, Karoly, Beth Loveridge-Lenza, B. Randall Brenn, J. Fernando del Rosario, Zarela Molle-Rios, and Zhaoping He. "Safety of Secretin Administration in Children." Pancreas 45, no. 9 (October 2016): 1336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mpa.0000000000000653.

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Lundeberg, S., O. Beck, G. L. Olsson, and L. O. Boreus. "Rectal administration of morphine in children." Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 40, no. 4 (April 1996): 445–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-6576.1996.tb04467.x.

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Campling, Jo. "Social Administration Digest." Journal of Social Policy 14, no. 2 (April 1985): 215–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279400014525.

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A report from the Child Poverty Action Group (CPAG) showed that £900 million a year of social benefits are unclaimed. Supplementary benefit accounts for most of this. Three out of ten people entitled to claim are not getting the benefit which is their due. The lowest take-up rates are among working families with children. Only half of those entitled to Family Income Supplement are receiving it. The take-up of rent rebates by families with dependent children is 58 per cent and of rate rebates 45 per cent.
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Rogers, Ada G. "Changing the route of administration in children." Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 1, no. 1 (1986): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0885-3924(86)80026-4.

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Villegas-Sánchez, Félix, Juan D. Charles-Torres, Diana Moyao-Garcı́a, Alejandro A. Nava-Ocampo, and Elvia Y. Velázquez-Armenta. "Rocuronium Administration in Children During Isoflurane Anesthesia." Archives of Medical Research 30, no. 4 (July 1999): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0188-0128(99)00029-9.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Administration for Children"

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Bergman, Ellen Feldman. "Homebound instruction policy in public school districts in New York : implications for educational administration /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1995. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/11789979.

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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1995.
Includes tables. Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Jeannette Fleischner. Dissertation Committee: Thurston Atkins. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 117-125).
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Hanko, Johanne. "Access to education for handicapped children in Thailand." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61101.

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Thailand is one of the South East Asian countries undergoing major economical and social changes. On the verge of becoming industrialized, it has a literacy rate of 91% which is well above international standards. Yet, handicapped people have very limited educational opportunities. Less than 4% of handicapped children in Thailand have access to education.
The purpose of this study is to determine specific needs of special education by comparing findings from agencies visited such as schools, foundations, government and non government organizations, with government policies.
The educational system is studied and special education policies described. A look at implemented laws shows that the government recognizes its responsibility towards the handicapped; it is also pointed out that the major causes for handicaps are generally due to avoidable situations. Finally, special government projects are highlighted and suggestions are submitted for future developments.
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Rollefson, Mark. "Why parents choose to open enroll children into a rural school district." Thesis, Edgewood College, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3705735.

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The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine considerations that a sample of parents identified as influential when deciding to open enroll their children into a specific Wisconsin school district. Under Wisconsin Act 27, parents have the right to choose their children's public school through so-called open enrollment. This act also provides for state funding of public schools based in part on student enrollment. If a public school district's student enrollment increases, state funding increases. In recent years the district in this study experienced significant net loss in student enrollment and funding. As a result, programming, salaries, curriculum, facilities, and more were adversely affected. A survey was administered to a convenience sample of 64 families out of a target population of 117. Results indicated school culture and relationships were reportedly primary influences on parents' decisions to open enroll into the study district. Additionally, quality of academics was reported as an influential consideration. Stakeholders may incorporate these considerations when planning marketing and public relations strategies. Findings from this study may provide stakeholders with ways to attract and maintain students in the study district, and may also assist policymakers.

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Yee, Andrea M. "Unfiltered Administration of the YMRS and CDRS-R in a Clinical Sample of Children." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1340296257.

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Lam, Shuk-wah Grace. "An examination of the care and protection order in Hong Kong." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1990. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12840488.

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Fili, Linda Phinx. "The effectiveness in the administration of the national school nutrition programme in King Williams Town in the Eastern Cape." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020965.

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Health and education are two important aspects of human capital and form the basis of an individual’s economic productivity in any country. In South Africa, hunger and malnutrition continue to hamper the health, quality of life and survival of school going children such that some children drop- out of school due to these socio-economic problems (Tomlinson,2007:2). The introduction of previous School Feeding Schemes to address the question of hunger and poverty within schools was mostly left in the 1980’s and 1990’s to charitable and Non-Governmental Organizations such as Operation Hunger and ITHUBA (Swartz, 2009:38). According to Perlman (1993:14) South Africa’s track record of child deaths was more than double that of any other country of similar income levels worldwide, due to the apartheid government deserting its responsibility of feeding the nation. The White Paper for the Transformation of Health System (1997: 125) had also stated that improving nutrition within the rural schools is an imperative and a sound economic investment which is politically rewarding. Nelson Mandela (1996:8) once said “Our children are our nation’s future. Prospects for development are seriously undermined by the kind of large scale deprivation of children that South Africa has experienced. On the other hand investing in their health, nutrition and education not only improves our children’s quality of life – the gains reverberate into the future generations. ” From April 1994, through the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) the Government of National Unity under the leadership of Dr. Nelson Mandela identified the area of school feeding as a policy prime concern in redressing the imbalances and inequities of the past governments. Another initiative to redress the inequities of the past, was through the programme of Poverty Reduction which manifested itself in lack of income, lack of education and skills, lack of access to services and amenities and lack of ownership of land and housing (Public Service Commission, 2007.
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Chrisinger, Laura. "Policies and practices associated with medication administration in Ohio public elementary schools." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/180.

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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2004.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains 24 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank. Includes bibliographical references (p. 20-21). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
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Tuliao, Narcisa Ann C. "The Identification Of Culturally-Different Gifted And Talented Children (California)." Scholarly Commons, 1986. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3484.

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Purpose. The major purpose of the study was to describe the procedures for identifying culturally-different gifted and talented children. Other goals were to: (a) identify how the Gifted and Talented Education (GATE) programs are administered; (b) investigate the enrollment of GATE programs from the general and different cultures; (c) determine the similarities and differences of perceptions of GATE programs among administrators and teachers; and (d) contrast identification procedures and administration of the programs in the seven GATE districts that had the highest number of culturally-different gifted and talented students and the seven GATE districts that had the lowest number of such children. Procedures. Ten California counties with school districts offering GATE programs were selected as samples for the study. Two questionnaires were developed, the first sent to 124 administrators and teachers and the second to 14 districts that had the highest or lowest number of culturally-different gifted and talented students. Findings. Teacher recommendations were the key criteria during the identification process. Psychological services were contributors to the identification process. A school site study team was utilized and was the most unique feature of the districts that had the highest number of GATE culturally-different students. Tests and instruments most utilized were nationally-published which included Stanford-Binet and the Comprehensive Test of Basic Skills (CTBS). The elements of giftedness that were tested most often were intelligence and high achievement. The program approaches most often offered were acceleration, special day classes and cluster grouping. The percentage of White students in the GATE programs was higher than their percentage in the overall district enrollment. Conclusion. The identification processes of culturally-different gifted and talented students appear inadequate; thus they are underrepresented in GATE programs. Recommendations. Research is needed as to the means of increasing the participation of culturally-different gifted and talented students in GATE programs. The recommended areas for study include: increasing the use of elements of giftedness such as creativity, leadership, and visual and/or performing arts; raising funds or identifying the best use of limited funding; improving identification tests; identifying approaches to meet the needs of GATE culturally-different students; clarifying GATE teacher attitudes and promoting effective staff-development; and examining learning styles and cognitive strengths of students from different cultures.
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Lewis, Sharon. "Juvenile diversion: keeping children out of prison." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003197.

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This thesis covers the topic of juvenile diversion with respect to keeping juveniles from progressing further into the justice system as well as keeping them out of prison. It deals with a number of areas. The first is diversion before an offence has been committed - prevention. Here a number of recommendations are made with respect to education of the child and the community in order to make prevention a priority when new diversion programmes are considered and introduced. The second area is that of diversion after the offence has taken place. This deals with diversion by the police at the moment of apprehension and recommends the introduction of cautions as a diversionary measure. The third aspect that is considered is diversion after the juvenile has been arrested and/or charged. The establishment of Reception and Assessment Centres and the setting up of Family Group Conferences are especially highlighted. The detention of the child until his/her trial is also investigated and it is concluded that this is an unnecessary measure except in extreme circumstances. The progression of the child's case to court is the fifth area considered. Here, recommendations are made as to the necessity for the proper training of court personnel and the need for the introduction of court imposed diversionary programmes before sentencing. With respect to diversion after the child has been found guilty, a number of suggestions are made as to the introduction of new sentencing options and new or improved institutions. Finally, recent reforms are discussed. The conclusion reached is that juveniles should not be imprisoned except in the most extreme cases, and that diversion programmes should be instituted as soon as possible as the basis of SouthAfrica's juvenile justice system. It is deemed essential that diversion begins with prevention and continues until sentencing is completed, and that all children are diverted unless this is not possible.
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Motlogelwa, Kealeboga Kelly. "An exploration of social policy responses for orphans and vulnerable children in Botswana." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12081.

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This study explores whether social policy responses for orphans and vulnerable children(OVC) in Botswana address the needs of this category of children. The objectives of social policies and legislation (such as the Constitution, the Children's Act of 2009, the National Guidelines on the Care of OVC of 2008, and the Botswana National Plan of Action for OVC of 2010-2016) in relation to social protection are analysed, and the availability, accessibility and adequacy of the HIV and AIDS social protection measures for OVC, namely prevention of mother-to-child transmission, antiretroviral therapy, and community home-based care and orphan food baskets, are described. The study argues that these social policy responses for OVC are inadequate and do not comprehensively meet the needs of OVC. There is an inadequate legal and policy framework, fragmentation of social protection provisions, inadequate minimum eligibility criteria, shortage of human resources, insufficient funding, lack of awareness, and the presence of stigma and discrimination. These present barriers to the availability, accessibility and adequacy of social protection provision to OVC.
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Books on the topic "Administration for Children"

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Click, Phyllis. Administration of schools for young children. 3rd ed. Albany, N.Y: Delmar Publishers, 1989.

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Administration of schools for young children. 4th ed. Albany, N.Y: Delmar Publishers, 1995.

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Click, Phyllis. Administration of schools for young children. 3rd ed. Albany, N.Y: Delmar Publishers, 1990.

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Click, Phyllis. Administration of programs for young children. 8th ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Cengage Learning, 2011.

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Click, Phyllis. Administration of programs for young children. 6th ed. Clifton Park, NY: Thomson/Delmar Learning, 2004.

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Administration of schools for young children. 5th ed. Albany, NY: Delmar, 2000.

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Shoemaker, Cynthia. Administration and management of programs for young children. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Merrill, 1995.

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Juvenile justice: Redeeming our children. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage, 2005.

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Norman, Tutt, ed. Children in custody. Aldershot, Hants, England: Avebury, 1987.

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1943-, Nelson Alan E., ed. Child care administration: Planning quality programs for young children. Tinley Park, Ill: Goodheart-Willcox, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Administration for Children"

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McClatchey, Irene Searles, and Jane S. Wimmer. "Nonprofit Organization and Administration." In Bereavement Camps for Children and Adolescents, 79–96. New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315213811-5.

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Donnison, David, Valerie Chapman, Michael Meacher, Angela Sears, and Kenneth Urwin. "Crisis in a Canadian Service for Children." In Social Policy and Administration Revisited, 168–92. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003196006-8.

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Peña, Alberto, and Andrea Bischoff. "Operations for the Administration of Antegrade Enemas." In Surgical Treatment of Colorectal Problems in Children, 333–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14989-9_21.

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Baker, Bruce D., Preston C. Green, and Matthew J. Ramsey. "Financing Education for Children with Special Needs." In Handbook of Leadership and Administration for Special Education, 116–33. Second edition. | New York : Routledge, 2018. | “First edition published by Routledge 2012”–T.p. verso.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315226378-8.

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Blowey, D. L. "Principles of drug administration in children receiving renal replacement therapy." In Pediatric Dialysis, 545–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1031-3_33.

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Etzioni, Amitai. "Robotic Care of Children, the Elderly, and the Sick (with Oren Etzioni)." In Library of Public Policy and Public Administration, 265–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69623-2_17.

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Blowey, Douglas L., and J. Steven Leeder. "Drug Administration and Pharmacogenomics in Children Receiving Acute or Chronic Renal Replacement Therapy." In Pediatric Dialysis, 609–27. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0721-8_31.

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Blowey, Bridget L., J. Steven Leeder, and Douglas L. Blowey. "Drug Administration and Pharmacogenomics in Children Receiving Acute or Chronic Renal Replacement Therapy." In Pediatric Dialysis, 683–707. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66861-7_36.

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Hayashi, M., S. Okubo, and K. Sakai. "Effect of PSK Administration Followed by Initial Prednisolone Therapy in the Steroid Responsive Idiopathic Nephrotic Children." In New Therapeutic Strategies in Nephrology, 31–33. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3884-4_6.

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Plötz, J. "Influence of Isoflurane, Enflurane and Halothane on Serum Myoglobin Concentration After Succinylcholine Administration — A Comparison in Children." In Isoflurane, 298–303. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71230-2_46.

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Conference papers on the topic "Administration for Children"

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Eliawati, Titim. "Resource Acquisition in Providing Free Education for Street Children." In 6th International Conference on Educational, Management, Administration and Leadership. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icemal-16.2016.19.

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M. Arafik, Muh. "The Implementation of Children Literature Instruction in Elementary School." In 2nd International Conference on Educational Management and Administration (CoEMA 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/coema-17.2017.48.

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Khadiguia Ontok-Balah, Malt, Khadiguia, and Jessica Jessica C. Garcia. "Television Viewing Habits and Bullying of Intermediate Grade School Children." In 2nd International Conference on Educational Management and Administration (CoEMA 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/coema-17.2017.12.

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Emanuel, H. M., D. J. Martinez, E. Avritscher, M. C. Vasquez, T. S. Harris, J. Eapen, F. Boricha, et al. "Clinical Outcomes of In-home Palivizumab Administration Program in Children with Medical Complexity." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a7186.

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Haris, Ikhfan, Siti Roskina Mas, and Fory A. Naway. "A Scalable Management Model for Developing Reading Habits in Children through qProactive Readingq and qEarly-Literacy-Awarenessq Approach." In 6th International Conference on Educational, Management, Administration and Leadership. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icemal-16.2016.66.

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Isrowiyah and Munir. "The Influence of Transformational Leadership on the Quality of Early Children Education Institutions." In 4th International Conference on Research of Educational Administration and Management (ICREAM 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210212.047.

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Takatori, Fumihiko, Masayuki Inoue, Shinji Yamamori, Seiki Abe, Matthew R. Maltese, Vinay M. Nadkarni, and Katsuyuki Miyasaka. "Finite Element Modeling of a Mainstream Capnometer System for Non-Intubated Pediatric Patients Requiring Oxygen Administration." In ASME 2013 Conference on Frontiers in Medical Devices: Applications of Computer Modeling and Simulation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fmd2013-16061.

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Capnometry is the standard of care to measure the amount of carbon dioxide in the proximal airway, detect apnea, tracheal tube dislodgement, and effectiveness of ventilation during invasive mechanical ventilation in critically ill infants, children and adults [1]. Capnometry is not yet standard practice for non-invasively supported or ventilated patients, due to dead space ventilation, inspiratory gas washout, gas entrainment, and potential for rebreathing of gas. Potential capnometry use in non-intubated patients could identify impending respiratory failure, obstructed airways, and improve the safety and effectiveness of non-invasive support for infants and children [2].
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Saputri, Nurul Aini Suria, Tri Nugraha Susilawati, and Vitri Widyaningsih. "Relative Efficacy of Probiotics Compared with Standard Therapy for Diarrhea Treatment in Children Under Five Years of Age: A Meta-Analysis Evidence from Developing Countries." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.95.

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ABSTRACT Background: Probiotics have been widely studied in a variety of gastrointestinal diseases. There is high-quality evidence that probiotics are effective for acute infectious diarrhea. This study aimed to examine the relative efficacy of probiotics compared with standard therapy for diarrhea treatment in children under five using meta-analysis. Subjects and Method: A meta-analysis was carried out using systematic PRISMA guidelines. The review process begins with searching for articles published between 2009 and 2019 from PubMed, Clinical Key, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases. This study obtained four articles that meet the criteria of the randomized controlled trial (RCT), the study subjects were toddlers and conducted in developing countries. A sample of 995 children was divided into two groups, 518 children received probiotics (intervention) and 477 children received standard therapy (control). The data were analyzed by Review Manager (RevMan) software 5.3 to assess Standardized Mean Difference (SMD). Results: Probiotics administration reduced duration of acute diarrhea in children under five than standard therapy, with pooled estimate= 0.30 (SMD= -0.30; 95% CI= – 0.56 to -0.03). Conclusion: Probiotics administration combined with standard therapy is effective to reduce the duration of acute diarrhea in children under five in developing countries. Keywords: acute diarrhea, probiotic, children under five Correspondence:Nurul Aini Suria Saputri. Midwifery Department, School of Health Polytechnics, Tanjungpinang/ Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Arief Rahman Hakim No.1, Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands. Email: ainisuriasaputri@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285743401971. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.95
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Viveronika, Aldona, and Martha Christianti. "The Differences of Early Reading Ability in Children that Often and Rarely Listen to Stories." In 2nd Yogyakarta International Conference on Educational Management/Administration and Pedagogy (YICEMAP 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201221.003.

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Multiwijaya, Vience. "Protection of Children as Victims of Terrorism Crimes." In 1st International Conference on Science and Technology in Administration and Management Information, ICSTIAMI 2019, 17-18 July 2019, Jakarta, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.17-7-2019.2303525.

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Reports on the topic "Administration for Children"

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Gidengil, Courtney, Matthew Bidwell Goetz, Margaret Maglione, Sydne J. Newberry, Peggy Chen, Kelsey O’Hollaren, Nabeel Qureshi, et al. Safety of Vaccines Used for Routine Immunization in the United States: An Update. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer244.

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Objective. To conduct a systematic review of the literature on the safety of vaccines recommended for routine immunization in the United States, updating the 2014 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) report on the topic. Data sources. We searched MEDLINE®, Embase®, CINAHL®, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and Scopus through November 9, 2020, building on the prior 2014 report; reviewed existing reviews, trial registries, and supplemental material submitted to AHRQ; and consulted with experts. Review methods. This report addressed three Key Questions (KQs) on the safety of vaccines currently in use in the United States and included in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) recommended immunization schedules for adults (KQ1), children and adolescents (KQ2), and pregnant women (KQ3). The systematic review was supported by a Technical Expert Panel that identified key adverse events of particular concern. Two reviewers independently screened publications; data were extracted by an experienced subject matter expert. Studies of vaccines that used a comparator and reported the presence or absence of adverse events were eligible. We documented observed rates and assessed the relative risks for key adverse events. We assessed the strength of evidence (SoE) across the existing findings from the prior 2014 report and the new evidence from this update. The systematic review is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020180089). Results. A large body of evidence is available to evaluate adverse events following vaccination. Of 56,608 reviewed citations, 189 studies met inclusion criteria for this update, adding to data in the prior 2014 report, for a total of 338 included studies reported in 518 publications. Regarding vaccines recommended for adults (KQ1), we found either no new evidence of increased risk for key adverse events with varied SoE or insufficient evidence in this update, including for newer vaccines such as recombinant influenza vaccine, adjuvanted inactivated influenza vaccine, and recombinant adjuvanted zoster vaccine. The prior 2014 report noted a signal for anaphylaxis for hepatitis B vaccines in adults with yeast allergy and for tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccines. Regarding vaccines recommended for children and adolescents (KQ2), we found either no new evidence of increased risk for key adverse events with varied SoE or insufficient evidence, including for newer vaccines such as 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine and meningococcal B vaccine. The prior 2014 report noted signals for rare adverse events—such as anaphylaxis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and febrile seizures—with some childhood vaccines. Regarding vaccines recommended for pregnant women (KQ3), we found no evidence of increased risk for key adverse events with varied SoE among either pregnant women or their infants following administration of tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccines during pregnancy. Conclusion. Across this large body of research, we found no new evidence of increased risk since the prior 2014 report for key adverse events following administration of vaccines that are routinely recommended. Signals from the prior report remain unchanged for rare adverse events, which include anaphylaxis in adults and children, and febrile seizures and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in children. There is no evidence of increased risk of adverse events for vaccines currently recommended in pregnant women. There remains insufficient evidence to draw conclusions about some rare potential adverse events.
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2

Planting the Seeds of the Poisonous Tree: Establishing a System of Meaning Through ISIS Education. George Washington University, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4079/poe.02.2021.01.

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This paper explores the administration of the Islamic State's department of education and the system of meaning set up by the group under its governance. The research systematically analyzes a collection of education-related “ISIS Files” documents using critical discourse analysis to identify common narratives, values, and themes, particularly those aimed at indoctrinating children.
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