Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Adminstration of'

The purpose and thesis of this dissertation project is to develop a resource manual which will facilitate the effective administration and management of small membership and Ethnic Minority congregations in the United Methodist denomination. The manual is significant in that it is designed specifically to address the need of small membership and Ethnic Minority Local Churches’ congregations. The manual provides the basic steps in the administrative process, and outlines keys for effective mission and ministry. The dissertation is divided into the following sections: an acknowledgement, preface, glossary, introduction, six chapters, a bibliography, and statistical tables. The introduction defines the designs and aims of the project. The rationale for small membership church administration is also included in the introduction. Chapter I, “Theological Foundation of Church Administration,” outlines the foundational understanding of theological and biblically—based church administration. The goals of church administration, ecclesiology, history and practical aspects of small membership church administration are delineated. The fundamental question of why, what, who and how of administration are addressed. Also, a brief look at liberation theology and its relation to the small membership church and Ethnic Minority Local Church is highlighted. The chapter concludes by listing what effective churches do. Chapter II looks at the basic characteristics of the small membership church and Ethnic Minority Local Church. The several ways in which these churches are unique are listed. Analyses of these churches are offered, with descriptions. In Chapter III, ‘~Organization for Administration,” specific guidelines in organizing for the administrative task are spelled out. Chapter IV gives the “Keys” of administration. Three (3) key ways to vital and effective churches are highlighted in this important chapter. Chapter V, a “nuts and bolts” approach is taken, which includes several practical ways to effective church administration. If these ways and suggestions are carefully followed, assurance of accomplishment is apparent. This chapter is important to the day—by—day, week—by—week, month—by—month administration of the church, its program, mission and outreach. Included in this chapter are the important concerns of time management and blocks to administration. Chapter VI “conclusion” describes in summary fashion the appropriateness of administration within small membership churches and Ethnic Minority Churches. A future projection for administration and a challenge to all to become more efficient in administration is offered. The monumental challenge of church administration is presented in the manual. The appendix includes examples of a way to contemporary administration and communication. Charts, graphics and tables have been included to aid the reader in ascertaining the information presented. Included in the overall project is the writer’s theory of ministry. The focus of the dissertation is the equipping of pastors and leaders for the effective execution of their responsibilities and duties, as servants of God.

Background: Because of the vague clinical signs and limitations of thyroid function tests, misdiagnosis of hypothyroidism in dogs is common and leads to inappropriate treatment with levothyroxine. Chronic supplementation can suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis (HPTA) and make it difficult to assess thyroid function following withdrawal of levothyroxine. Objectives: To determine if the HPTA is suppressed following levothyroxine administration in euthyroid dogs and the time required for resolution of any suppression. Animals: Twenty-eight healthy euthyroid dogs Methods: A prospective randomized study administering levothyroxine to euthyroid dogs with levothyroxine, for either 8 weeks (group 1) or 16 weeks (group 2). Serum concentrations of total thyroxine (T4), free thyroxine (fT4) by equilibrium dialysis, thyrotropin (TSH), and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) were measured every 4 weeks during supplementation and for 16 weeks after levothyroxine was discontinued. Results: Mean serum T4 and fT4 were significantly higher and TSH was lower in all dogs during levothyroxine administration compared to baseline. Mean serum concentrations of T4 and fT4 in both groups and TSH in group 1, beginning 1 week after levothyroxine was discontinued, were significantly different compared to values during levothyroxine administration but not compared to baseline values. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Suppression of the HPTA occurred during levothyroxine supplementation and mean serum T4, fT4 and TSH concentrations were not significantly different compared to baseline 1 week after discontinuation in both groups. Assessing thyroid function tests 1 week after cessation of levothyroxine will likely provide an accurate assessment of thyroid function in euthyroid dogs.
Master of Science

This report is a description of a three-month internship from January 20, 1992 through April 20, 1992 with the New Orleans Opera Association where the intern was the assistant to the Director of Development/Marketing/Public Relations. The New Orleans Opera celebrates 50 years of financial and artistic success in the 1992/93 season and serves as an example to other arts organizations not only in New Orleans but throughout the United States. Over this fifty-year life, however, the organization has not adjusted its managerial practices sufficiently to compensate for the change throughout the business and arts-related industries; consequently, the Association operates with outdated thoughts and customs. Within the scheme of operations, however, is a very successful fundraising organization buttressed by the support of extremely loyal patrons and sold-out houses. The intern will give an overview of the organization and explain her duties and responsibilities with short and long-term effects on the Association.

Titel: Fonders förvaltningsavgifter vs avkastning – Lönar det sig att betala lite mer eller är det bara dumdristigt?

Seminariedatum: 2008-06-04

Ämne/kurs: Magisteruppsats/ D-nivå

Författare: Anna Asplund och Malin Elfving

Handledare: Stig Westerdahl

Nyckelord: Fonder, Förvaltningsavgifter, TKA, Avkastning

Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka om det föreligger ett samband mellan fonders förvaltningsavgifter och dess avkastning samt om avkastningen och förvaltningsavgifterna skiljer sig mellan olika fondtyper.

Metod: Studien bygger på en deduktiv forskningsansats eftersom vi utgår från befintliga begrepp och teorier. Då vi ville undersöka en stor population har vi använt oss av en kvantitativ forskningsstrategi. Studien grundar sig på åren 2004-2007. För att bestämma ett samband mellan de två variablerna förvaltningsavgift och avkastning har vi använt oss av regressionsanalyser. För att undersöka om avkastningen och förvaltningsavgifterna skiljer sig åt mellan de olika fondtyperna har vi använt oss av medelvärdesanalyser.

Empiri: Vi har hämtat data gällande förvaltningsavgifter och avkastning på de fonder som ingår i urvalet från Morningstar som är en oberoende utgivare av fondinformation.

Slutsatser: Studiens resultat visar att ett samband mellan fondernas avkastning och dess förvaltningsavgift (TKA) endast kan fastställas år 2005, då ett negativt samband föreligger. Detta år visar indikationer på att det finns skillnader i resultaten och att det inte beror på slumpen. De resterande åren kan resultaten dels bero på slumpen samt har de en dålig förklaringsgrad vilket innebär att resultaten i studien ej kan skildra verkligheten. Räntefonderna är den fondtyp som har den lägsta genomsnittliga avkastningen under den undersökta perioden, aktiefonderna har den högsta. Räntefonderna har även den lägsta genomsnittliga TKA medan den fondtyp som i denna studie har den högsta genomsnittliga TKA är fond-i-fonder.

Title: Mutual funds; administration fees vs. proceeds – Is it profitable to pay a bit more or is it just foolish?

Seminar date: 2008-06-04

Course: Master Thesis/D-level

Authors: Anna Asplund and Malin Elfving

Advisor: Stig Westerdahl

Keywords: Mutual funds, Administration fees, TKA, Proceed

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate if there is a connection between the administration fees of mutual funds and their proceeds. The study aims to examine different kinds of funds which invests in different kinds of markets and if there are differences between these funds.

Methodology: The study is founded on a deductive research effort since we take our starting-point in existing terminology and theories. Since we wanted to examine a large population we used a quantitative research strategy. In order to determine a connection between the two variables; administration fee and proceed we have used regression-analysis.

Empirical foundation: We have collected data concerning administration fees and proceed on the funds in the selection from Morningstar, which is an independent publisher of mutual fund information

Conclusion: It is only for the year of 2005 the study shows a possible negative connection between the administration fees of mutual funds and their proceeds. For the unit trusts a possible connection cannot be established for any of the examined years.

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O estudo sobre o conhecimento em Administração da Educação no Brasil, nas produções do Programa de Pós-graduação da UNESP em Marília, apresenta de início, um histórico do desenvolvimento da Pós-graduação e em seguida relata como surgiu a UNESP em Marília. Descreve também as metodologias usadas pelos pesquisadores com uma pequena síntese dos conteúdos de cada dissertação e tese, dando a perceber que de um modelo administrativo centralizador e autoritário, a administração escolar tentou passar para modelos descentralizadores desejando tornar a Escola mais participativa. Neste sentido o estudo apresenta a evolução da maneira de administrar com mais liderança, maior participação da comunidade educativa. Apareceram os planejamentos nas escolas, seguindo períodos de destaques, em etapas de planos escolares, planejamento tecnicista, enfrentamento do tecnicismo, restabelecimento do planejamento e enfim o planejamento para o sucesso. Encontramos muitos temas relevantes que foram abordados em quase todas as dissertações e teses, como a autonomia, a democratização, a formação dos diretores, a liderança, a gestão participativa, a qualidade total da educação e do ensino, e por fim as políticas na mudança da Escola. Finalizando, o estudo apresenta os autores mais influentes e mais citados nos trabalhos, chegando à conclusão que no Brasil houve um grande crescimento da educação, porém no campo administrativo a alternância dos modelos autoritário-centralizador e autoritário-descentralizador impediu a criação de modelos administrativos próprios para nortear a administração escolar. O modelo que se apresenta na administração escolar é um misto de iniciativas pessoais que não passam de releituras de interpretações de teorias administrativas moldados em conceitos tayrolistas, fayolianos e mesmo fordistas, pois a administração da educação se apoiou muito na administração empresarial.
The studies concerning the knowledge in Administration of Educatin in Brazil, by means of production of the Post-graduation Program at UNESP/Marília, primarily presents a description of the evolution of Post-graduation and in addition to thet, it reports how UNESP emerged in Marília. It also describes the methologies used by researchers with a small synthesis of the issues of each dissertation and thesis, leading to the understanding of a concentrated and authoritarian model of administration. School administration has tried to overcome decentralized model in order to turn school into more participative environments. As such, the studies show the evolution of the way of admistrating with more leadership. And better participation of the educative community. School plannings have showed up, following periods of prominences, in stages of school plans, technician plannings, facing technicism, re-estabilishing the planning and thus planning towards success. Several important themes have been found in schools, which were presented in almost every dissertation and thesis, with autonomy, democratization, formation of directors, leadership, participative management, total quality in education and teaching methods, and finally, policies in the changes of the school. To come to an end, the studies present the most influent authors and the most quoted ones in works of such area, coming to the conclusion that, in brazil, there has been a great growth in education, however in the administrative field, the changing of authoritarian-centralized and authoritarian - decentralized methods have blocked creation of administrative models of their own to guide scholl adminstration. The model that is shown in schoool adminstration is a mixture of personal dealings that are nothing but re-readings and interpretations of aministrtive theories, framed by Tayolist... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).

NinetechGruppen AB is an IT service providing company with about 30 employees, primarily based in Karlstad, Sweden. The company began to have problems with their DNS administration because the number of administrated domains had grown too large. A single employee was responsible for all the administration, and text editors were used for modifying the DNS configuration files directly on the name servers. This was an error prone process which also easily led to inconsistencies between the documentation and the real world.

NinetechGruppen AB decided to solve the administrative problems by incorporating a DNS administration system, either by using an existing product or by developing a new sys-tem internally. This thesis describes the process of simplifying the DNS administration procedures of NinetechGruppen AB.

Initially, an investigation was conducted where existing DNS administration tools were sought for, and evaluated against the requirements the company had on the new system.

The system was going to have a web administration interface, which was to be developed in ASP.NET 2.0 with C# as programming language. The administration interface had to run on Windows, use SQL Server 2005 as backend database server, and base access control on Active Directory. Further, the system had to be able of integrating customer handling with the domain administration, and any changes to the system information had to follow the Informa-tion Technology Infrastructure Library change management process.

The name servers were running the popular name server software BIND and ran on two different Linux distributions – Red Hat Linux 9 and SUSE Linux 10.0.

The investigation concluded that no existing system satisfied the requirements; hence a new system was to be developed, streamlined for the use at NinetechGruppen AB. A requirement specification and a functional description was created and used as the basis for the development. The finalized system satisfies all necessary requirements to some extent, and most of them are fully satisfied.

Orientador: Lourdes Marcelino Machado
Banca: Paschoal Quaglio
Banca: Hugues D'Ans
Resumo: O estudo sobre o conhecimento em Administração da Educação no Brasil, nas produções do Programa de Pós-graduação da UNESP em Marília, apresenta de início, um histórico do desenvolvimento da Pós-graduação e em seguida relata como surgiu a UNESP em Marília. Descreve também as metodologias usadas pelos pesquisadores com uma pequena síntese dos conteúdos de cada dissertação e tese, dando a perceber que de um modelo administrativo centralizador e autoritário, a administração escolar tentou passar para modelos descentralizadores desejando tornar a Escola mais participativa. Neste sentido o estudo apresenta a evolução da maneira de administrar com mais liderança, maior participação da comunidade educativa. Apareceram os planejamentos nas escolas, seguindo períodos de destaques, em etapas de planos escolares, planejamento tecnicista, enfrentamento do tecnicismo, restabelecimento do planejamento e enfim o planejamento para o sucesso. Encontramos muitos temas relevantes que foram abordados em quase todas as dissertações e teses, como a autonomia, a democratização, a formação dos diretores, a liderança, a gestão participativa, a qualidade total da educação e do ensino, e por fim as políticas na mudança da Escola. Finalizando, o estudo apresenta os autores mais influentes e mais citados nos trabalhos, chegando à conclusão que no Brasil houve um grande crescimento da educação, porém no campo administrativo a alternância dos modelos autoritário-centralizador e autoritário-descentralizador impediu a criação de modelos administrativos próprios para nortear a administração escolar. O modelo que se apresenta na administração escolar é um misto de iniciativas pessoais que não passam de releituras de interpretações de teorias administrativas moldados em conceitos tayrolistas, fayolianos e mesmo fordistas, pois a administração da educação se apoiou muito na administração empresarial.
Abstract: The studies concerning the knowledge in Administration of Educatin in Brazil, by means of production of the Post-graduation Program at UNESP/Marília, primarily presents a description of the evolution of Post-graduation and in addition to thet, it reports how UNESP emerged in Marília. It also describes the methologies used by researchers with a small synthesis of the issues of each dissertation and thesis, leading to the understanding of a concentrated and authoritarian model of administration. School administration has tried to overcome decentralized model in order to turn school into more participative environments. As such, the studies show the evolution of the way of admistrating with more leadership. And better participation of the educative community. School plannings have showed up, following periods of prominences, in stages of school plans, technician plannings, facing technicism, re-estabilishing the planning and thus planning towards success. Several important themes have been found in schools, which were presented in almost every dissertation and thesis, with autonomy, democratization, formation of directors, leadership, participative management, total quality in education and teaching methods, and finally, policies in the changes of the school. To come to an end, the studies present the most influent authors and the most quoted ones in works of such area, coming to the conclusion that, in brazil, there has been a great growth in education, however in the administrative field, the changing of authoritarian-centralized and authoritarian - decentralized methods have blocked creation of administrative models of their own to guide scholl adminstration. The model that is shown in schoool adminstration is a mixture of personal dealings that are nothing but re-readings and interpretations of aministrtive theories, framed by Tayolist... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Mestre

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This work aims to demonstrate the possibilities of applying the principle of the social function to administration legal transaction, with its specificities. Justified the need of his scientific study by the fact that, despite it is a constitutional principle implicit, doctrine not gave adequate treatment and ample in the administration legal transaction. The methodology used was to demonstrate and to identify its origin to establish their effects on other areas and their differences with other legal institutions, conceptualize it and at the end, pointing their possible applications in various administrative activities. Was approached with the view that law was executed the exposed in the beginning. This was related to institutes or overlapping as objective good faith, trust in the protection of legitimate public interest and particularly by the Administrator. In preparing this essay, pointed to possible functions to the principle of social function in the legal and administrative business: integrative, interpretive and inhibitory
Almeja-se neste trabalho demonstrar possibilidades de aplicação do princípio da função social aos negócios jurídico-administrativos, com suas especificidades. Justifica-se a necessidade científica de seu estudo pelo fato de que, a despeito de se tratar de um princípio constitucional implícito, não recebeu da doutrina tratamento adequado e amplo na seara dos negócios jurídicos da Administração. A metodologia utilizada foi a de demonstrar e identificar sua origem, estabelecer seus efeitos em outros planos e suas diferenças com outros institutos jurídicos, conceituá-lo e, ao final, apontar suas possíveis aplicações nas diversas atividades administrativas. Foi abordada a visão de Direito com que se executou o exposto no início. Tratou-se de institutos correlatos ou sobrepostos como a boa-fé objetiva, a confiança legítima na tutela do interesse público pelo Administrador e particular. Com elaboração desta dissertação, apontou-se possíveis funções ao princípio da função social nos negócios jurídico-administrativos: integrativa, interpretativa e inibidora

The study addressed three basic problems. First, the effectiveness of incumbent special education administrators in Virginia had not been assessed. Second, the qualifications of incumbent special education administrators in Virginia had not been determined. Third, requirements for special education administrators in Virginia had not been developed, despite the recommendation of Berquist, et al., (1987) following their evaluation study of special education programming across the state. The study was designed to assess effectiveness by gathering perceptions of the quality of the knowledge and skills demonstrated by special education administrators. The study was designed to gather information on special education administrator's status in regard to two standard qualifications for positions in educational agencies, i.e., endorsement(s) held and amount of position-specific coursework taken. The study was designed to generate recommendations regarding requirements for special education administrators based upon the results of an analysis of effectiveness (demonstrated knowledge or demonstrated skill) by qualifications (endorsement and coursework [in administration and supervision of special education]).
Ed. D.

The purpose of this project was to develop an E-government plan to achieve the Ministry of Interior of Thailand's objective to better serve its citizens in the next 5 years by utilizing and taking advantage of the use of information technology and communication networks.

Ce travail adopte le cadre de l’ingénierie cognitive en vue de la conception et de l’évaluation d’outils cognitifs dans le domaine de l’administration d’entreprises artisanales. Ce cadre relève d’une approche dite écologique des systèmes de travail. L’objectif général de ce travail est double. D’une part, il s’agit de montrer la pertinence de cette approche écologique eu égard au domaine étudié et d’autre part, de proposer une interface utilisateur pour un système d’aide à la gestion administrative sur support numérique mobile. Plus précisément, nous proposons une modélisation du domaine de travail en considérant certaines de ses caractéristiques les plus complexes à modéliser : la récursivité et la dimension éthique. Ensuite, nous testons une méthode récente pour valider et vérifier cette modélisation (Task Machine Turing Analysis, TMTA). Nous proposons également une nouvelle méthode de validation et vérification d’un domaine de travail, dite méthode des « points de vue ». À partir d’un modèle du domaine de travail de la gestion administrative dans les entreprises artisanales, nous expérimentons plusieurs maquettes d’interfaces pour un système d’aide. Cette expérimentation nous permet de mesurer le degré d’application des principes dirigeant la conception d’interface écologique. Enfin, nous proposons et testons une maquette finale de systèmes à destination des artisans
This work adopts the cognitive engineering framework for the design and evaluation of cognitive tools interfaces in the administrative handicraft field. This framework relies on an ecological approach of work systems. The objectives of this work were twofold. First, it consisted in showing the heuristic value of the ecological approach. Second, we aimed at proposing a user interface for a mobile digital cognitive tool assisting administrative tasks. More precisely, we proposed to consolidate the work domain analysis framework by considering some of the more complex characteristics to model, that is to say recursion and the ethical dimension. Afterwards, we tested a recent method named “Turing Machine Task Analysis” to validate and verify the work domain model. We also proposed a new verification and validation method for work domain model, named “viewpoints method”. Based on a modeling of the administrative handicraft domain, we tested several user interface mockups for a cognitive tool. This experiment permitted us to measure the degree of application of the Ecological Interface Design principles. Finally, we proposed and tested a final mockup for craftsmen

x, 90 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.
As a key figure in Imperial Russia's Great Reforms from 1861 to 1874, Count Dmitrii Alekseevich Miliutin has received a good deal of attention by historians and scholars; however, his recently published memoirs have yet to be used extensively as the foundation for any study. Having them readily at one's fingertips would be a boon by itself, but to examine them using a different methodology could potentially provide a totally unique perspective. The methodology in question was based on the assumption that war influenced societies and society affected how war was conducted. By reexamining Imperial Russia's military administrative and social reforms with the newly published memoirs and afore-mentioned methodology, Miliutin's logic in formulating the reforms became apparent, as did his intended results, which included a challenge to the privileged status of Russia's ensconced power elites.
Committee in Charge: Dr. Alan Kimball, Chair; Dr. Julie Hessler; Dr. Alex Dracobly

Notre étude traite "le contrôle de la fonction publique internationale par le tribunal administratif de la Ligue des Etats arabes". Cette étude est basée essentiellement sur l'analyse du statut et du réglement intérieur du tribunal administratif de la Ligue des Etats arabes, du statut de personnel et du réglement général d'application du statut personnel de la Ligue arabe, et de la jurisprudence du tribunal administratif de la L. E. A. La thèse se divise en chapitre préliminaire et deux parties. Le chapi͏̈tre préliminaire est consacré à l'organisation du tribunal administratif de la L. E. A. . La premieère partie traite les procédures devant le tribunal administratif de la ligue. Dans la deuxième partie, on étudie l'activité juridictionnelle du tribunal administratif de la ligue des Etats arabes.

Se ha diseñado dos herramientas de facilitación del cambio para apoyar el proceso de implementación de una nueva plataforma tecnológica para la gestión integrada de los procesos de Recursos Humanos en una Corporación de servicios que opera en el Perú El criterio de diseño es una enfoque derecha-izquierda, que contempla primero las necesidades, y luego define los productos para atenderlas, así como los procesos y recursos necesarios para conseguir que operen Ello permite mantener la perspectiva en el cliente, las personas involucradas en el cambio, y no caer en el error de condicionar la solución conceptual a las restricciones de procesos y recursos, que deben ser solucionadas

The study of leadership in education, business, industry, government, and other organizations has evolved over time. Early studies focused on leadership traits and behavior. Currently, researchers and theorists have concentrated on the interaction of leadership styles and situations. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the predominant leadership style of a group of senior administrators of public universities in Texas.

This study aimed to compare the perception of the technical-administrative civil servants of UFSM and UFMA regarding people management agency-community model, and the binding types of commitment and organizational entrenchment. The research sample was 242 technical-administrative civil servants of UFSM and 139 of UFMA, with who was applied a questionnaire drawn from the assessment model of commitment and organizational entrenchment, proposed by Bastos et al. (2008), and people management agency-community model, proposed by Rousseau and Arthur (1999). Descriptive analyses were performed to investigate the accuracy of data entry, size and sample description, as well as variable distribution. Were identified high affective commitment to both institutions, high instrumental to UFMA and medium to UFSM, medium normative to UFMA and high to UFSM. The entrenchment has submitted an adjustment to the social position high to UFMA and medium to UFSM; medium alternative limitations to both institutions, and high impersonal bureaucratic arrangements to UFMA and medium to UFSM. Were identified high community models and medium agency models to both institutions. Were encountered, related to socio-demographic data, affective commitment, entrenchment and high community notion and medium agency notion between civil servants with over 46 years of both institutions; positive correlations when related the commitment dimensions, and entrenchment bases; positive correlations between people management community model and instrumental commitment in UFMA and affective in UFSM. Referring to agency model, the relationship, in UFMA, was negative, and, in UFSM, presented positive normative commitment correlations, entrenchment social position adjustment and alternative limitations. Regarding to entrenchment, the community model presented all correlation positive weak, in UFMA, and total relationship absence in UFSM. The agency model presented a negative correlation with entrenchment social position adjustment, in UFMA; in UFSM, presented positive relationship with the alternative limitations, social position adjustment and relationship absence with impersonal bureaucrats arrangement. The results show that the predominant civil servants bases is affective, followed by instrumental, once that the civil servants realize the existence of community practices in organizational people management actions. As a contribution, this study leave, in addition to comparative study, an extensive of published studies in the country and abroad and contributes to understanding the importance of adopting new people management models that consider the alignment between the individual and collective.
Este trabalho teve por objetivo comparar a percepção dos servidores técnico-administrativos da UFSM e da UFMA quanto ao modelo de gestão de pessoas agency-community e sua relação com os vínculos de comprometimento e entrincheiramento organizacional. A amostra da pesquisa foi de 242 servidores técnico-administrativos da UFSM e 139 da UFMA, aos quais foi aplicado um questionário elaborado a partir dos modelos de avaliação de comprometimento e entrincheiramento organizacionais, proposto por Bastos et al. (2008), e de gestão de pessoas agency-community, elaborado por Rousseau e Arthur (1999). Realizaram-se análises descritivas para investigar a exatidão da entrada dos dados, o tamanho e a descrição da amostra, bem como a distribuição das variáveis. Identificaram-se comprometimentos afetivo alto para as duas instituições, instrumental alto para a UFMA e médio para a UFSM, normativo médio para aquela e baixo para esta. O entrincheiramento apresentou um ajustamento à posição social alto para a UFMA e médio para a UFSM; limitação de alternativas médias para as duas instituições, e arranjos burocráticos impessoais alto para a UFMA e médio para a UFSM. Identificaram-se modelos community alto e agency médio para as duas instituições. Foram encontrados, com relação aos dados sócio-demográficos, comprometimento afetivo, entrincheiramento e noção community alto e noção agency média nas duas instituições entre os servidores acima dos 46 anos; correlações positivas quando relacionadas as dimensões do comprometimento, e as bases do entrincheiramento; correlações positivas entre o modelo de gestão de pessoas community com o comprometimento instrumental na UFMA e afetivo na UFSM. Referente ao modelo agency, o relacionamento, na UFMA, foi negativo, e, na UFSM, apresentou correlações positivas comprometimento normativo, entrincheiramento ajustamento à posição social e limitação de alternativas. Quanto ao entrincheiramento, o modelo community apresentou todas as correlações positivas fracas, na UFMA, e ausência total de relacionamento na UFSM. O modelo agency apresentou uma correlação negativa com o entrincheiramento ajustamentos à posição social na UFMA; já na UFSM, apresentou relações positivas com a limitação de alternativas, ajustamento à posição social e ausência de relacionamento com os arranjos burocráticos impessoais. Os resultados mostram que a base predominante dos colaboradores é a afetiva, seguida da instrumental, uma vez que os funcionários percebem a existência de práticas community nas ações de gestão da organização. Como contribuição, este trabalho deixa, além do comparativo, uma ampla revisão de trabalhos publicados no país e no exterior e contribui para a compreensão da importância da adoção de novos modelos de gestão de pessoas que considerem o alinhamento entre o individual e o coletivo.

Le droit privé érige le contrat en loi des parties. Cette règle connaît des exceptions en droit administratif: branche du droit dans laquelle la puissance publique dispose d’un pouvoir de modification et de résiliation unilatérales. Cependant, si l’administration dispose de pouvoirs étendues dans l’exercice de son pouvoirs de modification et de résiliation unilatérales des contrats administratifs pour des motifs tenant à l’intérêt général, aucune définition minutieuse de la notion d’intérêt général n’a encore été consacrée. Cette imprécision conduit, dans certains cas, à l’exercice quasi arbitraire par l’administration de ses pouvoirs et au déséquilibre du contrat. Cette situation a entraîné divers préjudices pour les bénéficiaires de projet en raison de la suspension de la mise en œuvre de plusieurs contrats importants pour une longue période et, en conséquence, a accru le nombre des litiges
The rule in private law is that the contract is considered to be the absolute law between the contracting parties, and therefore it cannot be modified or terminated without their consent. That is not the case in the field of administrative law as long as this law permits the administration to use its authority in unilateral amendment and termination of the contract. The problem can be stated here that the administration white practicing its authority in unilateral , modification or termination the contract might abuse its right of such practice under the justification of undefined concept of public interest. The ambiguous and loos of the concept of public interest led to the illegitimate and misuse of the administration of its authority in unilateral amendment and termination of administrative contract which results in disturbance of the balance between the interests of the administration on one hand and the other contracting party on the other

Catholic schools in the United States have experienced daunting challenges since Vatican II (1962-1965) with a 45% decrease in number attributed to decisions made by Church leaders. Traditionally led by religious, the National Catholic Education Association (2010) reported 97% of Catholic schools are now staffed by lay people. This research details the importance of Catholic schools to the evangelizing mission of the Church, defines the role of laity, and acknowledges a lack of programs that support lay Catholic principals. Past studies provide a snapshot of trends, list expected competencies, and compare their positions to public school counterparts. The literature review indicates little attention has focused on lived experiences of lay Catholic principals. This study presents the stories of six female Catholic principals in an effort to provide a greater understanding of the responsibilities associated with their roles. Using narrative case study design, this research reveals aspects of their lives, careers, and families as it pertains to their experiences as Catholic principals. Six major themes emerged from the analysis of data: (1) the unwavering link between the Catholic Church and school; (2) the call for leadership that deepens the faith of their constituencies; (3) the importance of building community as a dimension of the principal’s role as faith leader; (4) the requisite for principals to model faith in action; (5) the need for spiritual and professional development to support principals as faith leaders; and, (6) the negotiation of tensions in their personal and professional lives. Results provide a richer understanding of the complexity associated with lay leadership and informs the reader of areas in need of further research to assure the future of Catholic education in the United States. Specifically, findings suggest Church leadership structure programs that adequately prepare lay Catholic principals for their roles, perform studies focused on the multifaceted roles associated with Catholic school leadership, and create opportunities for spiritual and professional development for those who currently serve in these positions. The study confirms priests as the link between the Catholic Church and school, and suggests their preparation, as well as desire to oversee a Catholic school, as critical.

碩士
國立中興大學
國際政治研究所
103
The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a platform for multilateral economic and trade cooperation led by the United States. It draws a great deal of attentions from the Asia-Pacific countries and international communities. TPP is the only agreement that intends to unite the Pan Pacific countries. Thus, the Obama administration has employed economic strategies to take control over the negotiations on TPP and encouraged the APEC members to take part in TPP. As a whole, TPP is bound to impact the future development of the Asia-Pacific region and its strategic environment. This thesis starts with addressing the background and development of TPP. It then explores the U.S. intentions and actions to participate in TPP through the examination of the U.S. Asia-Pacific policy, economic requirements, and geo-economic conditions. This study will conclude by evaluating the TPP''s impacts and the challenges that the United States encounters.

碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
航運管理學系
95
Our government’s present challenge in an ever-changing society is to improve efficiency, be more competitive internationally and provide better services to the people. The tendency is for government to inevitably bring reforms. We expect the government to utilize its limited resources to satisfy the people’s aspiration in an effective way. There must be a way to judge whether the government’s management has achieved its objectives. The aim of this research is to use the Data Envelope Analysis (DEA) to appraise the National Tax Administration institution before and after the different merge plans and select the best merge plan. It also investigates every branch office in the National Tax Administration institution and compares their relative efficiencies and suggests ways to improve to the less performing branches. My research looks at only one of the National Tax Administration institution of the Ministry of Finance. It will compare the different merge plans for a limited number of units. My sample analyses 23 units and the data from those units in the year 2005 and the information gathered from the manager of one of those units. I selected three inputs and three outputs for my research and I tested all 23 units with every merge plan to look at their efficiencies. I used different models of the DEA including the CCR and BCC models. The CCR model helps to get the technical efficiency. The BCC models gave us the pure technical efficiency which I used to work out the scale efficiency, the return to scale and sorting of each unit and other comparisons. Finally it sets improvement goals for the less performing units using the slack variable analysis. The results show that the plan four in the CCR model and the plan three is the best in theBCC model. Those two plans were then used to assess the efficiency change before and after reform. These results can be of benefit to the government officiers to improve their unit and it can also be of use to the National Tax Administration as a reference. Key word: DEA, merging plans, evaluating operation performance, productive efficiency, technical efficiency.

碩士
國立高雄師範大學
工業科技教育學系
95
Elementary School Teachers’Satisfication Evaluation of School Adminstration System in Kaohsiung With Information System Success Model ABSTRACT This study invesgated the usage and satifsication of School Adminstration System for elementary school teachers in kaohsiung. The rationale of this study was based on the successful evaluation model for information system developed by DeLone & McLean. The researcher adopted four indicators of the model as the foundation of the evaluation criteria. These indicators were system quality, information quality, system use, and user satisfaction. The findings and conclusions were summarized as follows: 1. There were significant differences in user satisfaction in school size.The total number of classes under 29 school teachers have more user satisfication then total number of classes over 50. 2. There was significant difference in learning satisfaction between user computer attitude that elite group is higher then novice group , average group higher than novice group, elite group higher than novice group. 3. System quality and information quality influence user satisfication and were highly positive correlated. 4. System use and user satisfication were middle positive correlated. 5. Indicators influences system satisfication most is system quality.Information quality is the second. 6. Indicators influences system use most is system quality.Information quality is the second,too.

碩士
中興大學
國際政治研究所
95
Abstract After Second World War ended, U.S. under the first premise of opposing the communism, has had the new target and the definition regarding threat of the security. These target and definition of the new threat also urges U.S. and Soviet, China to develop the triangle relations. But the big triangle relations also can affect the small triangle relations among U.S. and China, Taiwan. To 60''s times, because the economical pressure of U.S. and the conflict between the Soviet and China, U.S. try to be in contact with China. Not only this has affected the big triangle relations among U.S. and Soviet, China, also changed the small triangle relations among U.S. and China, Taiwan. During 1970 times, U.S. and China have signed three joint communiques. And U.S. starts to have new relations with China. This also caused the Taiwan problem in the relations among U.S. and China to have been different role.

碩士
國立中興大學
獸醫學系暨研究所
99
Topical ophthalmic anesthetics have been used for many years to prevent pain and discomfort during ophthalmic tests and procedures, but never for therapeutic purposes. Recently, data have been obtained which suggest that topical application of opioids may also provide localized analgesia with no delay in corneal wound healing. 1% nalbuphine solution prepared by adding powder nalbuphine to aqueous solution with an appropriate pH level has been used topically for evaluating the analgesic effect in dogs and horses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diluted and alkalized commercial nalbuphine injection on signs of postoperative pain and corneal sensitivity in dogs undergoing phacoemulsification. Twelve eyes from eleven dogs undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery at veterinary medical teaching hospital, National Chung Hsing University were included in this study. The subjects were divided into two groups: saline group (n = 6) and nalbuphine group (n = 6). 0.1 ml saline or nalbuphine solution was instilled in randomly selected eye. Baseline values of all assessments were measured in surgical eyes before and after phacoemulsification. Postoperatively, corneal touch threshold (CTT), the extent of blepharospasm, corneal edema, conjunctival hyperemia and flare, frequency of eyelid blink and pupil diameter for each eye were recorded before and at 15, 30 and 60 minutes following nalbuphine or saline administration. The significant differences in CTT were noted between values before and after nalbuphine treatment on day 1 to 2 after surgery. There was no significant difference in scores for blepharospasm between two groups before treatment on day 1 (p = 0.1), whereas a significant difference was noted on day 2, postoperatively (p = 0.001). The significant differences in eye blink frequency between two groups were noted before and after treatment on day 2. According to the results, a significant reduction in blepharospasm and eye blink frequency was observed in the nalbuphine group on postoperative day 2. The present results of the study indicate that prepared 0.8% nalbuphine solution can decrease the corneal sensitivity at 15, 30 and 60 minutes after topical administration and it may has little effect on ocular pain relief after phacoemulsification.

Microneedles are arrays comprised of small needle-like projections, of micronsized dimensions. Microneedles were first conceptualized aiming to enable the transdermal administration of drugs and combining the advantages of subcutaneous injections with the simplicity of transdermal patches. These micron-sized structures disrupt the stratum corneum, creating transitory pores which facilitate drug permeation through skin, in a minimally invasive and painless way. Furthermore, by contacting with the upper dermis, the microneedles enable interstitial fluid absorption for analysis of metabolites. In particular, in the last few decades, the use of biopolymers to fabricate microneedles has gained much interest due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and biomimetic features. Proper consideration needs to be placed onto the sustainable character of these biomaterials and the need to pursue environmentally sustainable practices. Hence, this work aims at studying the preparation, evaluation and application of innovative microneedles systems using biopolymers, namely polysaccharides and proteins, to answer to the need for developing biomaterials of high performance with reduced environmental impact. The first chapter gives a general introduction to the characteristics and properties of microneedles, followed by an overview of biopolymeric microneedles, focusing on their properties and applications. The second chapter of this thesis is focused on the development of microneedles for point-of-care diagnostics, using methacryloyl gelatin (10% (w/v)). These microneedles have high swelling ability, which allows interstitial skin fluid absorption that is afterwards extracted and used for analysis of metabolites. To infer about the diagnostic potential, an agarose in vitro system was employed for urea extraction as a model analyte. Two different concentrations were tested, to mimic a health and (renal) disease state, and it was concluded that >98% analyte was recovered. In this sense, the cytocompatibility of this material coupled with the fluid uptake ability supports the application of methacryloyl gelatin microneedles as a diagnostic tool, offering a promising alternative in this era of point of care diagnostics. Aiming at developing new platforms for drug administration, the third chapter of this thesis describes the preparation and characterization of pullulan microneedles, using 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 e 24% (w/v) of polymer solutions. These presented a regular and uniform geometry and the microneedles prepared with 24% (w/v) pullulan were selected for insulin incorporation and evaluation of the functional properties. The insulin-loaded pullulan microneedles presented a regular morphology and 500 μm in length, mechanically strong to insert human skin ex vivo, creating pores up to 381 μm depth. The conformational stability of insulin into the pullulan system was confirmed through circular dichroism, during one month of storage at 4, 20 and 40 ºC. Therefore, it was possible to highlight the ability of pullulan microneedles to store and deliver this therapeutic agent with no need of cold chain monitoring. In the fourth chapter, the potential of bacterial nanocellulose as a mechanical reinforcement and macromolecular support for the incorporation of bioactive compounds (rutin) was studied using hyaluronic acid (5% (w/v)) microneedles for cosmetics. The antioxidant activity of this phenolic was kept for six months storage of microneedles at room temperature in the dark. Rutin permeation was evaluated using Franz cells and pig skin samples. In addition, the safety of the model system incorporating only bacterial cellulose and hyaluronic acid was evaluated by 13 human volunteers. Redness, erythema and transepidermal water loss in volunteer’s skin were evaluated and no statistical differences were found between the control and the application site, confirming the safety of the system. In a different perspective, the fifth chapter focuses on the preliminary evaluation of gelatin and pectin microneedles for curcumin incorporation, envisioning their potential application in melanoma treatment. The preparation of gelatin-pectin microneedles is described, aiming to evaluate the impact of the polymeric composition on the morphology and mechanical performance. Microneedles prepared with 75% gelatin and 25% pectin were selected for the incorporation of curcumin. Cell viability of three melanoma cell lines was evaluated for different curcumin concentrations, to study the dose-response curve. At this stage, it was defined an IC50 for each cell line and defined the amount of 10 μg curcumin to incorporate into the microneedles systems. Preliminary evaluation highlights the potential for curcumin incorporation into these biopolymeric microneedles and its application as candidates for melanoma treatment. In conclusion, this PhD thesis reported the development of several innovative and functional biopolymeric microneedles systems. The outstanding versatility of biopolymeric microneedles, enabled the development of systems guided for the administration of bioactive compounds, namely insulin, rutin and curcumin. These systems proved to retain the bioactives’ biological activity and the microneedles mechanical stability. The intumescent character of methacryloyl gelatin revealed their potential as a diagnostic tool, which represents a significant step in diagnostics and monitoring of healthcare state, especially for emergent and chronic diseases.
As microagulhas são sistemas constituídos por pequenas projeções em forma de agulhas, com dimensões na ordem dos micrómetros. As microagulhas foram conceptualizadas com o objetivo de administrar fármacos através da via transdérmica e combinar os benefícios das injeções subcutâneas com a simplicidade dos pensos transdérmicos. Estas microestruturas perfuram o estrato córneo e criam microporos transitórios que facilitam o transporte de compostos bioativos através da pele, de forma minimamente invasiva e indolor. Além disso, ao contactar com a região superior da derme, as microagulhas permitem recolher fluido intersticial para análise de diversos metabolitos. Em particular, nas últimas décadas, o estudo destes sistemas está muito direcionado para o desenvolvimento de microagulhas com polímeros naturais devido à sua biocompatibilidade e características biomiméticas. A utilização de biopolímeros assenta também no seu carácter biodegradável e na necessidade de implementar práticas sustentáveis neste domínio. Assim, este trabalho tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento, caracterização e aplicação de sistemas de microagulhas inovadoras fabricadas a partir de biopolímeros, nomeadamente polissacarídeos e proteínas, de forma a responder à necessidade de desenvolver materiais de elevado desempenho e com um impacto ambiental reduzido. O primeiro capítulo apresenta as características e propriedades das microagulhas, seguida pela introdução e descrição das microagulhas biopoliméricas, com foco nas suas propriedades e aplicações. O segundo capítulo desta tese foca-se no desenvolvimento de microagulhas de gelatina metacrilatada (10% (m/v)) para utilização como ferramenta de diagnóstico. Estas microagulhas têm uma elevada capacidade de intumescimento e permitem a absorção de fluido intersticial, que é posteriormente extraído e utilizado para análise de metabolitos. A avaliação do potencial de extração destas microagulhas foi testado com um sistema modelo in vitro de agarose e utilizando a ureia como metabolito modelo. Foram testadas duas concentrações de ureia de forma a mimetizar condições normais e de doença (renal), e foi possível recuperar >98% do analito. A citocompatibilidade deste material, associada à sua capacidade de absorção de fluido suporta a utilização das microagulhas de gelatina metacrilatada como ferramenta de diagnóstico, oferecendo uma alternativa promissora na era de diagnóstico “point of care”. Com o intuito de desenvolver novas plataformas de administração de fármacos, o terceiro capítulo desta tese descreve a preparação e caracterização de microagulhas de pululano, utilizando soluções de 6, 9, 12, 15, 18 e 24% (m/v) de polímero. De uma forma geral, foram produzidas microagulhas de geometria regular e uniforme, tendo sido selecionadas as microagulhas de pululano com 24% (m/v) para a avaliação do potencial funcional deste sistema, através da incorporação de insulina. As microagulhas de pululano contendo insulina apresentam uma morfologia regular com microagulhas de 500 μm de altura e com resistência mecânica para perfurar pele humana ex vivo, atingindo até 381 μm de profundidade. A estabilidade da insulina no patch de microagulhas foi confirmada por dicroísmo circular, ao longo de um mês de armazenamento a 4, 20 e 40 ºC, tendo sido possível evidenciar a capacidade das microagulhas de pululano para armazenar e transportar este agente terapêutico sem recurso a climatização. No quarto capítulo, foi estudado o potencial de membranas de nanocelulose bacteriana como reforço mecânico e suporte macromolecular para a incorporação de compostos bioativos (rutina) em microagulhas fabricadas com ácido hialurónico (5% (m/v)) para aplicação na área da cosmética. A atividade antioxidante deste composto fenólico é mantida durante seis meses de armazenamento das microagulhas à temperatura ambiente e na ausência de luz solar. A permeação da rutina foi avaliada em células de Franz utilizando pele de porco e a segurança do sistema modelo, incorporando apenas ácido hialurónico e celulose bacteriana, foi testada em 13 voluntários humanos. A avaliação da vermelhidão, eritema e perda transepidérmica de água na pele dos voluntários não apresenta diferenças estatisticamente diferentes na região de aplicação e controlo, confirmando a segurança do sistema. Numa perspetiva diferente, o quinto capítulo foca-se num estudo preliminar de preparação e caracterização de microagulhas de gelatina e pectina com incorporação de curcumina para possível aplicação no tratamento do melanoma. A produção de microagulhas com gelatina e pectina iniciou-se com a avaliação do impacto de diferentes composições poliméricas na morfologia e nas propriedades mecânicas das microagulhas, tendo-se selecionado as microagulhas produzidas com 75% gelatina e 25% pectina para incorporar curcumina. A viabilidade celular de três linhas celulares de melanoma foi estudada para diferentes concentrações de curcumina, de forma a obter uma curva de dose-reposta. Nesta fase definiu-se o IC50 para as diferentes linhas celulares e a quantidade de curcumina (10 μg) a incorporar nos sistemas de microagulhas. Os resultados preliminares evidenciam o potencial da incorporação de curcumina em microagulhas biopoliméricas e a sua aplicabilidade como candidatas no tratamento de melanoma. Em conclusão, com este trabalho de doutoramento foram reportados sistemas de microagulhas biopoliméricos inovadores e funcionais. A elevada versatilidade das microagulhas constituídas por biopolímeros permitiu desenvolver sistemas direcionados para administração de compostos bioativos, nomeadamente insulina, rutina e curcumina. Estes sistemas demonstraram reter a atividade biológica dos compostos bioativos e a estabilidade mecânica das microagulhas. O carácter intumescente da gelatina metacrilatada revelou o seu potencial como ferramenta para extração de fluido intersticial, o que representa um avanço significativo no diagnóstico e monitorização do estado de saúde, especialmente para doenças emergentes e crónicas.
Programa Doutoral em Química Sustentável

碩士
高雄醫學院
醫學研究所
78
Madkour & Moussa於1989報告使用分光光度計 (spectrophotometer)，可定量檢出全 脂乳中攙雜的全脂還原乳。但至今其機轉仍然混沌不明。在本研究裡，吾人檢驗各種 全脂乳(whole fat mild)，尋出其作用機轉，乃在於牛乳是否均質化。因為牛乳經均 質化處理後，脂肪球顆粒會變小，使混濁度改變，而改變了分光光度計的透光度。這 種方法用來檢出生乳 (或未均質之鮮乳) 中攙雜還原乳，簡單而有效，值得推薦。但 是，在台灣大部份的市乳都是均質乳，所以Modhkour氏所報告的方法並不能適用於此 。 吾人引用混濁度的公式 來解釋本方法的機轉。 利用分光光度計，以波長1100nm至200nm 掃描生乳，未均質鮮乳, 均質鮮乳，並記錄 其透光度 (T％)與波長(λ)的關係圖。結果，生乳、均質鮮乳之透光度(T％) 之掃描 圖相似，且與前人報告相符。均質乳之透光度 (T％)圖形，則與未均質乳不同。 以這種方法運用在檢出市售鮮乳是否攙有還原乳，相當困難。那是因為各種市乳均質 條件不一，以及所添加的還原乳之乳粉均質程度不一，要依此來定出“標準鮮乳”的 透光度(T％) ，並不容易，其實用性尚待斟酌。但是用來檢出生乳或未均質鮮乳是否 攙有還原乳，相當敏感而且操作容易，尤人是鮮乳工廠應用於檢出酪農所交出之鮮乳 是否攙雜全脂還原乳，前後連等待反應時間，只須35分鐘，檢出量又可達2.5 的攙入 量，其可行性當高，頗值得推薦。

碩士
國立政治大學
學校行政碩士在職專班
104
The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between the servant leadership of school principals and the well-being of administrative staffs in junior high school, and further proposes the suggestions based on the study results. The study provides references for other education administration authorities, junior high school’s principals, junior high school’s administrative staffs and relevant future researchers. In this study, faculties of junior high schools in Taipei City and New Taipei City were picked as the study subjects and the questionnaire survey technique was adopted. The researcher sampled from the questionnaire about “relationship between the servant leadership of principals and the well-being of administrative staffs in junior high school”, and randomly selected 40 junior high schools and 489 teachers as the study sample. 453 valid questionnaires were received; the overall questionnaire feedback rate was 93%. The following conclusions were obtained by analyzing and using the statistical methods including descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, product-moment correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression. 1. The present situation of principals’ servant leadership is above the average. Among all the aspects, “professional community” ranks at the top, while “persuasion” ranks at the bottom. 2. Teachers under the influences of different background variables, including "gender", "marital status", "position", "principal’s gender", "principal’s age", "principal’s education", "school’s size" and "school’s district" perceive principals’ servant leadership significantly different. On the other hand, teachers under the influences of different background variables, including different "age", "education", "years of service", "seniority of administration staff", "service offices" and " seniority of principal" show no significant difference. 3. The present well-being situation of the teachers and the administrative staffs is above the average. Among all the aspects, “life satisfaction” ranks at the top, while “positive performance” ranks at the bottom. 4. Teachers under the influences of different background variables, including "age", "years of service", "seniority of administration staff ", " position ", "principal’s gender" and "school’s district" perceive principals’ servant leadership significantly different. On the other hand, teachers under the influences of different background variables, including "gender", "education", "marital status", "service offices", "principal’s age", "principal’s education", "principal’s seniority" and "school’s size" show no significant difference. 5. There has positive correlation between the servant leadership of the principals and the well-being of the school’s administration team. 6. With the two aspects of "conceptualization" and "empathy", “service leadership of the principal" has predictive power toward the "well-being of the teacher and the adminstration team".

碩士
義守大學
管理科學研究所
90
Being faced with the global competition and the increasing demand of the people, the Government published "Reorganizing Government" policy, in January 1998 which was expected to apply customer orientation to create a flexible, energetic and efficient administration and to meet the goal of promoting the nation''s competition. Recently, the Government plans to reform the Executive Yuan and the new organization will function on the 20, May 2004. Under the trend, the paper used the customer orientation concept to discuss the strategy which will be applied to improve the service quality and efficiency in the reengineering process. In order to find out if the people understand the meaning of organizing and how the level of supporting is, questionnaire is used to collect the opinions of the people living in the South of Taiwan and Taitung and Pen Hu and according to the questionnaire, we got the attitude of the people to the service quality and satisfactory. The conclusions described as follows： 1.The questioned people have a high expectation to the administration reengineering and the customer orientation''s service. 2.Most of them thought the administrative service has been improved; however, the service quality still need enhancing. 3.To really apply customer orientation concept, the Government should focus on convenience, benefit and service quality to the people. 4.The Government and civil servants should use the ten quality factors of P, Z, B to check theirs attitude and behavior in order to improve the service quality. 5.The Government should release the resources which are not used wisely to the public and use the civil capital to let the nation sources be used properly and efficiently. If possible, let the civil invest directly and manage the inefficient departments. 6.The Government and the ruling party should examine the needs and exceptions of people, and find out the satisfactory to the policy executed; then adjust the policy in time to keep the royalty of the people.

碩士
大葉大學
管理學院碩士在職專班
102
A Study of the Relationship among Work Values,Job Stress,and Organizational Commitment of the Alternative Service Draftees：A Case Study of Alternative Services of Public Administration Student：Wei-Janq Yang Advisor：Wei-shing Chen Da-Yeh University Abstract The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among work values, job stress, and organizational commitment of the Alternative Service Draftees. Questionnaires were administered to a convenience sample of 167 from Substitute Training Department of the Interior Conscription. Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way MANOVA, one-way ANOVA, Fisher's least significant difference method ,Pearson's product-moment correlation, and multiple regression analysis were utilized. The conclusions of major were as follows : 1.Alternative Service Draftees perceived their work values, job stress, and organizational commitment as middle. 2.The effect of background variables on Alternative Service Draftees' work values, job stress, and organizational commitment were significant. 3.All correlations among the work values subscales and organizational commitment subscales of Alternative Service Draftees were significant. 4.The correlations among Alternative Service Draftees' job stress and organizational commitment were negative. 5.The Alternative Service Draftees' work values could significantly predict their organizational commitment. 6.Based on the results of this study, suggestions are offered. Keywords: Alternative Service ,Work Values, Job Stress, Organizational Commitment.

碩士
國立東華大學
鄉土文化學系
99
Through the employment of questionnaire method, the purpose of the research was to perceive the present situation, the distinguishabilities, the connections and the influential factors of Cognition and Attitude of the Residents in Yilan City to the Historical Space Reused. The questioners were residents over 15 who reside in Yilan Administration. The sample contained 510 people and in effect 434 samples. The data collected and surveyed with questionnaires applied in this research were obtained and analyzed via SPSS Software TEST, One-way ANOVA, Canonical Correlation Analysis and Stepwise Regression Analysis. Ultimately, the above resources and the suggestions to be brought up as below are expected to be applied as to have a good effect on the historical space reused. The conclusions through discussion are as below： 1.The ratio of the correct answers to the questions of Cognition of the Residents in Yilan City to the Historical Space Reused Scale is up to 52.9%. In each question of the Attitude of the Historical Space Reused Scale, the uppermost is up to 5 points while the minimum is down to 1 point, the average is 3.71 points. 2.Education, occupation, a monthly salary and knowledge of historical space show obvious differences in Cognition of the Historical Space Reused. 3.Age and knowledge of historical space also show obvious differences in the attitude of the historical space reused. 4.In the entirety of cognition and attitude of the historical space reused, the residents in Yilan City reveal no positive correlation. 5.In the main factors that effect the Cognition of the Residents in Yilan City of the Historical Space Reused,” maintenance and participation” show the most important. Otherwise, the effect is less ; in the meanwhile, so the knowledge of historical space is important too. Besides, “the historical hall attendant and interior display guidance” especially play an important role on promoting the residents’ positive and optimistic attitudes. 6.Through Canonical Correlation Analysis and Stepwise Analysis, the monthly salary, residing period of time and information of the historical space are the main factors that effect the Cognition and Attitude of the Residents in Yilan City of the Historical Space Reused. Based on the above-mentioned findings, suggestions addressed as to promote the Yilan City of the Historical Space Reused are as below: 1.To forward the historical space reused integrally and continually. 2.To fortify related website and offering services of the historical space reused. 3.To build an approachable historical space. 4.To reserve the sense of history and culture of historical space.

abstract: National and state education reforms are centered on developing higher academic expectations and standards to ensure students transitions into postsecondary options, college and career ready. What does this national emphasis signify for urban school districts that are educating a significant proportion of first-generation students and that struggle to produce students ready for the rigor of postsecondary education without remediation? Framed within Karl Weick's (1976) theoretical framework of loose coupling organizational theory, this qualitative study examined the implementation of the pseudonymous ABC High School District college readiness education reform initiative through the lens of district-wide system actors, which included district leadership, school-level implementers and the students as the intended beneficiaries. ABC High School District is the largest non-unified urban school district in a large metropolitan area in the Southwestern United States. I focused specifically on two implementation sites: Blue Sky and Desert Flower High Schools. The system actors expounded on their knowledge and understanding of how they perceived the implementation of the initiative, their interpretations of the district's new policy and initiative, and how this initiative guided their practices based on their respective roles. The findings included the four major themes of (a) building capacity of the actors, (b) communication, (c) policy and politics, and (d) academic rigor and high expectations. Two additional findings specific to counselors and students were also revealed. The counselor-specific experiences revealed the changes in their roles that have created confusion among school staff and their growing responsibilities that may impede the progress of the district initiative. The student-descriptions suggest their knowledge about college and career planning, challenges, and their academic preparedness to successfully transition to a postsecondary institution.
Dissertation/Thesis
Ed.D. Educational Administration and Supervision 2012

Student affairs personnel are often charged with the task of creating a strong sense of community (SOC) on university campuses. Sport is among one of the many extracurricular activities that historically has been used to meet this need for community among students. Yet, how and when a sense of community is created within a sport context has not been appropriately addressed in literature. Utilizing a symbolic interactionalist theoretical framework, this study employed a grounded theory approach and uncovered the necessary factors for creating a sense of community within two intercollegiate sport settings. First, 21 former university sport club participants were interviewed regarding their experiences. The results revealed that Common Interest, Leadership Opportunities, Amateurism/ Voluntary Activity, and Competition were the most critical components to creating a sense of community. These results along with the results of Warner and Dixon’s (in review; see Appendix F) sense of community study among varsity athletes, which concluded that Administrative Consideration, Leadership Opportunities, Equity in Administrative Decisions, Competition, and Social Spaces were the key factors to foster a sense of community, were then used to guide focus groups. Eight focus groups consisting of 39 current varsity and sport club athletes were then conducted to further examine and explain the differences and similarities that emerged between the two sense of community in sport models. The results propose a broad based sense of community within sport theory that considers the contextual contingencies surrounding an athlete-driven versus a professionally-administered sport model. The results contribute to community building and sport management theory, and provide practical solutions for enhancing the intercollegiate sport experience. The implications and philosophical differences between an athlete-directed sport experiences versus a more formalized and structured sport model are also discussed.
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碩士
國立政治大學
行政管理碩士學程
90
Going over the history of our country, we may easily see that the enduring figures of greatness who impacted the deepest and farthest on China were the country- and people-defenders and great rulers as emperors and military generals. However, in fact, the "staff" in attendance on these men, who proposed good policies and strategies, could never even be ignored. Some among them devoted their lives and souls to their country but some of them engaged in rebellions to usurp thrones and powers, known to be the traitors for thousands of years. This could unveil that a country''s rise or fall or strength or weakness entirely relies on the key factor - Top officials are capable to know people to put right persons in right places so as to realize the ideals, "Everyone does one''s best" and "The able are devoted to country". Scheming over intelligence, morality and philosophy of life are the three major shafts of the wheel of Chinese traditional culture. A successful and efficient government organ (or organization) would be operated and controlled behind by a group comprising smart, strong and powerful elite. Members operating this group are the "staff". Climbing of the staff to the upper-class society participating in important policy-making becomes the focus of the culture of scheming over intelligence in China. It can be said that ever since far-off times, one who thinks not for generations think not for a time; one who thinks not for the whole thinks not for the piecemeal - this is what the "staff" really means. . Today in our country, numerous political parties and chaos are creating to the administrative organs a great impact that they have ever had, causing them inoperative once incidents are met. Although the number of staff is increased rather than decreased, the organs are still unable to cope with the doubly needed business as lacking complete and efficient integration and comprehensive logic of thinking. Particularly, the increasing demands of people for "Time", "Speed" and "Quality" have driven the staff to be more important. It has been said, "Chiefs decide for all". Notwithstanding the chiefs of organs are held fully accountable for successes and failures, a successful chief never fights alone but is entirely supported by a group of intelligent talents and a flock of extraordinary elite. The efforts they offered in the manners of excellent division of works and integral operations lead the chief to accomplishing all tasks invested to him without failure. In respone to enterprise circle''s emphases in enhancement of service quality and satisfaction to customers, the administrative organs are actively working on the program of labor saving through information computerization. Various interfaces have been consecutively completed for domicile register, military service and land administrations through improving and refreshing all software and hardware equipment. Nevertheless, no matter how technology advances, the manipulating staffs that assist the chiefs still play a very important role because any organization (organ) needs loyal and dedicated staffs. Therefore, this research puts its focuses on the fundamental administrative units in the front - the domicile register organs - to explore and analyze the cultivation and operations of domicile administrative staffs. It expects to cause people to understand how the good example of the staff is shaped, whereby the overall strength of the administrative organs can be elevated and a brand new image of the e-generation public service officials can be established. This research begins with the conception of "staff" that was held among the old time societies. Next, it goes into staff''s future evolution. Finally, it explores in depth one of the most important works of the staff - "Schemed Operation" by pointing out the defects in current and the strategies of improvement. It is particularly the case that the government officials as the public servants are not allowed to be careless and perfunctory. They have to continue research and innovation in order to keep themselves growing, constituting a government of high efficiency. The text also reminds that supervision and audit are the most sophisticated tools that have to be well used for integrating the scheme. As such, every fundamental clerk can be trained to be more thoughtful in servicing the public and the service can be fully signified. This research begins with the conception of “staff” that was borne in the ancient societies. Next, it explores in depth one of the most important works of the staff — “Schemed Operation” by pointing out the defects in current stage and the strategies of improvement based on documentation analysis, case study and in-depth interviews. The study not only reviews but also attempts to develop the solutions for the issues with anticipation that the research results will be of help to the promotion of overall domiciliary administration works. The research comes to conclusion as follows: 1. Although the grass-root administrative units implement the projects in accordance with the goal, public demand and expected effects, the efficiency will be enhanced if the goal can be substantiated and concrete to satisfy with the effects of evaluation on improvement. 2. As most of chiefs of domiciliary register organs in Taipei County generally accepted that the staff training is inadequate, it is therefore required to intensify the training. Suggestions for improvement are made in the text. 3. There are indeed arguments between some of chiefs of domiciliary register organs in Taipei County and staff. Wisdom and experiences are required to settle arguments between some of the chiefs of domiciliary register organs and their staff. In this research, seven case studies are collected for references. It is expected that information will be accessible by research fellows for reference, expecting that inference will be carried on another with one example given.

碩士
國立臺北科技大學
技術及職業教育研究所
104
This study was designed to investigate the relationship of role conflict and tendency of resigning administrative position in Taipei junior high school teachers who engaged in part-time administrative positions. To investigate the differences in role conflict and the tendency of resigning administrative in teachers who engaged in part-time administrative positions by using different variables can depend on role conflict to predict the tendency of resigning administrative positions. In this study, the population is from the teachers who engaged in part-time administrative positions, which based on 59 junior high schools in Taipei city. A total of 665 questionnaires were distributed, recovered 570, valid questionnaires 508 copies. The questionnaire data points were analysised by statistical technique including descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test and one-way ANOVA and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The degree of role conflict shows moderate degree; the tendencies of resigned administrative duties belong to moderate degree. 2. Elderness, married, high level of education, the seniorities with executive, as the administrators, and duties as General Director of part-time teachers in administrative position shows a higher degree in role conflict. 3. Elderness, married, high level of education, the seniorities with executive, as the administrators, and duties as General Director of part-time teachers in administrative position strongly inclined to resign administrative positions. 4. In resigning administrative positions, the various facets of role conflict have a positive predictive tendency. Finally, results of this study will provide as recommendations to the education authorities, schools, the teachers with part-time administrative positions. By the empirical data in the study, hope to decrease the tendency of resigning administration positions of the teachers, and to improve administrative efficiency. The study will also give recommendations for the subsequent reseaches related with role conflict and resigning administration positions.

This study examines the situational leadership phenomena for Chief Administrative Officers (CAO) in Canadian local governments. CAO perceptions were solicited to explore how CAO strategic perspectives influence leadership preferences. A better understanding of the CAO leadership role is essential to maximize organizational effectiveness. A 45-item strategic contingency questionnaire was developed to reveal the CAO’s strategic context in terms of organizational/community and current/future dimensions providing an interpretive means to determine the reactive/proactive nature of strategic contexts facing CAOs. The CAO leadership approach was captured through a 48-item leadership competency questionnaire exhibiting a people/task-centred duality. Interviews with CAOs provide further insights to understand survey results. The survey data analyses produced reliable and robust factor structures to reduce instrument items to eight leadership clusters and four strategic contexts. Instrument testing confirms the utility of the study’s core local government functions, leadership style and strategic context matrices to organize and compare quantitative and qualitative data. The CAO observations of what is receiving organizational attention were not consistent with their aspirations of what should be important indicating an administrative bias. This strategic context duality is significant because community or external matters often draw CAOs into the political realm whereas organizational or internal matters enable them to stay in the administrative realm. The CAO interviews indicate reluctance on the part of CAOs to spend as much time as they do in the strategic direction and policy choice spheres. These results suggest a tension between CAO strategic aspirations and the strategic imperatives of local government. The empirical findings demonstrated that CAO strategic perspectives exhibit a patterned relationship to leadership preferences. A Community-oriented strategic context had a stronger association with task-centred leadership while a people-centred leadership approach was preferred for an organizational-oriented strategic context. A dual rating system indicated that prevailing situations cause a control leadership style that was at odds with their preferred flexible leadership competencies. The strategic context differentiates leadership requirements from leadership preferences depicting the nature of situated action dilemmas among CAOs. CAO functions and CAO leadership style impact their leadership approach. The CAO role is shaped by Organizational Size, Structure and Electoral Systems which influence the strategic contingencies they face. The mediating effect of Gender, Age and CAO Experience is shaped by CAO Roles in larger organizations associated with career advancement, rather than by personal demographics. Situational leadership is a conscious process subject to control or flexibility expectations of the CAO for the outcomes of their leadership approach. The relationship is a complex web rather than a hierarchical sequence of influences. Nevertheless, some generalizations can be made to produce a CAO situational leadership role framework to better understand the CAO situational leadership phenomena.