Academic literature on the topic 'ADN mitocondrial'
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Journal articles on the topic "ADN mitocondrial"
Montoya Villaroya, Julio, Ana Playán, Abelardo Solano, María José Alcaine Villarroya, Manuel J. López Pérez, and Acisclo Pérez Martos. "Enfermedades del ADN mitocondrial." Revista de Neurología 31, no. 04 (2000): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.33588/rn.3104.2000236.
Full textQuintero Ferrer, José Miguel, Tatiana Carolina Pardo Govea, and Lisbeth Beatriz Borjas Fuentes. "Frecuencia de heteroplasmia en las regiones hipervariables HVI y HVII del ADN Mitocondrial en una muestra de la población de Maracaibo, Venezuela." Revista de Ciencias Forenses de Honduras 5, no. 2 (December 5, 2019): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5377/rcfh.v5i2.8885.
Full textBenavente Talavera, Susel A., Lizeth Y. Cabanillas Burgos, and Ángel F. Vera Portilla. "SÍNDOME DE NARP EN PACIENTE PEDIÁTRICO: REPORTE DE UN CASO." Revista Médica Basadrina 12, no. 2 (May 9, 2019): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.33326/26176068.2018.2.640.
Full textSolano, Abelardo, Ana Playán, Manuel J. López-Pérez, and Julio Montoya. "Enfermedades genéticas del ADN mitocondrial humano." Salud Pública de México 43, no. 2 (April 2001): 151–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-36342001000200010.
Full textAmat Olazabal, Hernan. "Evolucion humana y el ADN mitocondrial (II)." Investigaciones Sociales 12, no. 21 (June 11, 2014): 103–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/is.v12i21.7192.
Full textRábano, J. A., Ana Playán, F. Guirado, Julio Montoya Villaroya, Antonio Baldellou Vázquez, and Javier López Pisón. "Leucodistrofia de presentación aguda por citopatía mitocondrial y deleciones múltiples del ADN mitocondrial." Revista de Neurología 27, no. 160 (1998): 1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.33588/rn.27160.98121.
Full textPalacio-Petri, Silvia, Olga Lucía Morales-Múnera, and Blair Ortiz-Giraldo. "Neumopatía crónica secundaria al trastorno de la deglución en un paciente con miopatía mitocondrial." Iatreia 32, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.iatreia.26.
Full textGonzález-Fortes, Gloria, Aurora Grandal-d'Anglade, Juan Ramón Vidal Romaní, and Michael Hofreiter. "Análisis genético del individuo de Chan do Lindeiro: caracterización de su mitogenoma y situación de la muestra en el contexto paleogenético europeo." Cadernos do Laboratorio Xeolóxico de Laxe. Revista de Xeoloxía Galega e do Hercínico Peninsular 39 (March 1, 2017): 111–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17979/cadlaxe.2017.39.0.3558.
Full textArmenta, Jessica K., Jason D. Weckstein, and Daniel F. Lane. "Geographic Variation in Mitochondrial DNA Sequences of an Amazonian Nonpasserine: The Black-Spotted Barbet Complex." Condor 107, no. 3 (August 1, 2005): 527–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/condor/107.3.527.
Full textLópez-Rubio, Andrés, Juan David Suaza, Charles Porter, Sandra Uribe, Gabriel Bedoya, and Iván Darío Vélez. "Phylogenetic signal at the Cytb-SertRNA-IG1-ND1 mitochondrial region in Anopheles (Kerteszia) neivai Howard, Dyar & Knab, 1913." Biomédica 37 (March 29, 2017): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v37i0.3452.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "ADN mitocondrial"
Umbria, Vivancos Miriam. "ADN mitocondrial i risc cardiovascular." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667225.
Full textIn recent years, several studies have focused on understanding the role of nuclear and, to a lesser extent, mitochondrial genetic determinants, in cardiovascular diseases to prevent clinical events. Although most studies have tried to predict cardiovascular risk using a genetic risk scores based on nuclear variants, so far no risk score was developed using the mitochondrial genome. The main goals of this thesis are summarized in the following three points: 1) to analyse the state of mortality and hospital morbidity from the most relevant cardiovascular diseases in Spain; 2) to determine the possible association of control region variants of the mitochondrial genome with the susceptibility to develop a myocardial infarction and stroke; and 3) to assess whether the incorporation of mitochondrial variants in a genetic risk score, based in nuclear SNPs, improves the ability to discriminate and predict cardiovascular risk. The methods as well as the presentation of the results and the discussion were organized in 4 chapters aimed to answer the defined objectives. In chapter 1, a descriptive epidemiological study that responds to the need to update the mortality and morbidity data of the main subtypes of cardiovascular disease, by age and sex, in all the Spanish autonomous communities over the last 15 years has been carried out. The results obtained show that cardiovascular diseases continue to be one of the main causes of mortality and morbidity in Spain. However, there is also a decrease in standardized mortality rates by age. Bearing this in mind, mitochondrial DNA has been considered for analysis in individuals residing in in the Spanish autonomous community of Castile and Leon who come from cross-sectional, observational and descriptive study. For this reason, in chapter 2 of this thesis the link between mitochondrial haplogroups and two cardiovascular diseases, myocardial infarction and stroke, and the classic cardiovascular risk factors, was investigated. The data obtained showed suggestive evidence that haplogroup H can act as a genetic risk factor for myocardial infarction. Additionally, in relation to classic risk factors, the results also suggested a beneficial role of haplogroup J against hypertension. In chapter 3, for the same Castile and Leon population, the role of fixed and heteroplasmy mutations of the mitochondrial DNA control region, which act as independent risk factors from haplogroups, was analysed. In this case, significant differences were also observed, reporting that the variants m.16.145G> A and m.16.311T> C could act as possible risk factors in the development of stroke, while variants m.72T>C, m.73A>G and m.16.356T>C could act as possible beneficial genetic factors for myocardial infarction. Taking into account the results obtained, a final analysis (chapter 4) was carried out in order to evaluate the magnitude of the mitochondrial genetic information in improving the ability to discriminate cardiovascular diseases. A risk score was created based on the additive model that adds the susceptibility alleles from the 11 nuclear SNPs and the 5 mitochondrial positions described above. The addition of mitochondrial variants improves, in this population, the ability to discriminate cardiovascular diseases beyond the set of classic risk factors and nuclear SNPs. In summary, the results presented in this thesis show the influence of mitochondrial variants on cardiovascular diseases. This is the first work to evaluate the use of a risk score that incorporates the mitochondrial genome and that significantly improves the ability to discriminate cardiovascular events.
Cuadros, Arasa Marc. "Efecto de las mutaciones en el ADN mitocondrial sobre la expresión de genes implicados en la función mitocondrial." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/113563.
Full textThis work aims to provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms that cause cell involvement in mitochondrial disorders caused by mutations m.14487T>C, m.8993T>G, m.3243A>G and m.8344A>G in mitochondrial DNA. To achieve our goal, as a study model lines cybrids were obtained to study the different mutations, which were grown in culture conditions that allowed the defect state in the OXPHOS system (oxidative phosphorylation system) maintaining the viability, even in those mutations that affect tRNA. In these culture conditions were studied parameters were allowed assess mitochondrial function as the lactate concentration, succinate, ATP, ADP, AMP, adenosine and mitochondrial membrane potential, demonstrating the great defect in the OXPHOS system caused by mutations tRNA affecting not be so apparent in those subunits mutations affecting OXPHOS system. Furthermore gene expression studies allowed us to identify made possible activation of apoptotic and autophagic processes as potential molecular mechanisms responsible for mitochondrial disorders caused by mutations m.3243A>G and m.8344A>G. So as not show the induction of mitochondrial biogenesis in any of the four mutations studied, even those mutations that affect tRNA in a greater depletion of ATP content. All information derived from studies of gene expression, not only showed a differential transcriptional response mutations that affect tRNA and subunits but also showed a specific nuclear response to each of the mitochondrial DNA mutations studied. Noting the complexity of the pathophysiology of mitochondrial diseases. We in this study we manifest this complexity while trying to clarify the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the mutations studied, in some cases, such as mutations in tRNA (thanks to the culture conditions used) have proposed possible mechanisms (which should be ratified) that may explain the cellular degeneration caused by these and other mutations, such as mutations affecting subunits have identified aspects to consider in the pathophysiology of these mutations.
Verge, Estefanía Begoña. "ADN mitocondrial, herencia materna y características clínicas asociadas a las enfermedades mitocondriales en la esquizofrenia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/458373.
Full textLa etiología de la esquizofrenia es aún desconocida pero hay evidencias de que el ADN mitocondrial (ADNmt), que se hereda exclusivamente a través de la madre, está implicado en el desarrollo de esta enfermedad. La presente tesis doctoral se realizó basándose en esta hipótesis. En el primer trabajo se recogieron todas las evidencias de herencia materna, disfunción mitocondrial y alteraciones del ADNmt asociadas a la esquizofrenia y se identificó la presencia de sintomatología psicótica en pacientes con un trastorno mitocondrial causado por una mutación en el ADNmt. El segundo trabajo analizó el riesgo de presentar esquizofrenia y otras enfermedades psiquiátricas en familiares, considerando si compartían o no el ADNmt con el paciente. Los familiares que compartían el ADNmt con un paciente tenían más riesgo de presentar esquizofrenia y, además, las mujeres tenían más riesgo de presentar depresión, trastornos de ansiedad y características clínicas asociadas a trastornos mitocondriales. El tercer estudio comparó las características clínicas frecuentemente presentes en las enfermedades mitocondriales entre un grupo de pacientes con esquizofrenia y un grupo control. Se observó que la fatiga crónica y las crisis epilépticas eran significativamente más frecuentes en el grupo de pacientes. Las conclusiones de esta tesis doctoral son las siguientes: 1) Existen evidencias de disfunción mitocondrial y de herencia materna en la esquizofrenia, y la sintomatología psicótica puede presentarse en pacientes con un trastorno mitocondrial causado por una mutación en el ADNmt; 2) Los familiares que comparten el ADNmt con un paciente de esquizofrenia tienen más riesgo de presentar la enfermedad, y en mujeres, compartir el ADNmt con un paciente de esquizofrenia confiere riesgo para desarrollar otras enfermedades psiquiátricas como la depresión y los trastornos de ansiedad; y 3) Características clínicas asociadas a las enfermedades mitocondriales son más frecuentes en los pacientes con esquizofrenia que en la población control.
The etiology of schizophrenia is unknown but there is evidence that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is inherited exclusively from the mother, is involved in the development of this disease. This thesis was conceived based on this assumption. In the first study all evidence of maternal inheritance, mitochondrial dysfunction and mtDNA alterations associated with schizophrenia were collected, and the presence of psychotic symptoms in patients with mitochondrial dysfunction caused by mutations in mtDNA were identified. The second study analyzed the risk of schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders in relatives, considering if they shared or did not share mtDNA with the patient. Family members who shared mtDNA with a patient had a higher risk of developing schizophrenia and, moreover, women were more likely to develop depression, anxiety disorders and clinical features associated with mitochondrial disorders. The third study compared the clinical features often present in mitochondrial diseases between schizophrenia patients and control subjects. It was observed that chronic fatigue and seizures were significantly more frequent in the group of patients. The conclusions of this thesis are: 1) There is evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction and maternal inheritance in schizophrenia and psychotic symptoms can occur in patients with a mitochondrial disorder caused by a mtDNA mutation; 2) Family members who share mtDNA with a schizophrenic patient have higher risk of developing the disease than those who do not share mtDNA and, in women, to share mtDNA with a schizophrenic patient confers risk for other psychiatric illnesses such as depression and anxiety disorders; and 3) Clinical features associated with mitochondrial disorders are more common in patients with schizophrenia than in the control population.
Mesa, Marrero Carmen Margarita. "Función vestibular en la mutación A1555G del ADN mitocondrial." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/378346.
Full textObjectives/Hypothesis: To evaluate vestibular function in patients with 1555 A to G mutation in the 12S ribosomal RNA gene Study design: It’s an observational cross-sectional study. Material and Method: Thirty-four patients carrying the mitochondrial A1555G DNA mutation from thirteen unrelated families were enrolled. Clinical histories especially aminoglycosides exposure and the audiological and vestibular symptoms were recorded. Audiological evaluation with pure tone audiograms was performed. Vestibular examinations including caloric testing and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPc) in response to air-conducted sound were used as measures of canalicular and saccular function, respectively. Results: Ten patients had vestibular symptoms. Twenty-two patients presented hearing loss and thirteen subjects had received aminoglycosides. The auditory defect was a bilateral symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss affecting mainly the high tones. The presence of deafness and its severity was significantly correlated with the aminoglycoside exposure. Aminoglycosides increase 5 times the risk of developing profound hearing loss or cofosis. Therefore, twenty-two of the 34 patients showed abnormal caloric responses. The caloric deficiency was bilateral canal paresis in 20 cases and unilateral hipofunction in two cases. Aminoglycoside treatment history, hearing impairment and its severity are not significantly correlated with the abnormal canal response. On the other hand, eleven patients had abnormal VEMPc: nine showed low amplitude (6 cases bilaterally and 3 unilaterally) and six patients had an asymmetric amplitude. None had absence of the VEMPs response or abnormal latencies. Aminoglycoside administration and the degree of hearing loss are not correlated with the pathologic VEMPc, but an abnormal VEMPc response is significantly associated with hearing loss. Global dysfunction, saccular and canalicular, increase 4 times the risk of developing deafness not related to hearing loss degree. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the A1555G mutation can cause vestibular dysfunction involving both the superior and inferior vestibular nerve systems, especially canalicular dysfunction. It looks like aminoglycoside might not be a causal factor for vestibular impairment in patients carrying this mutation. Furthermore, our overall results of pathological vestibular tests suggest that there is a relationship between hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction.
Romero, Condori Pedro Eduardo. "Diversidad y estructura genética de Bostryx scalariformis (Mollusca, Gastropoda) en base a polimorfismos del gen mitocondrial 16S rRNA." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/882.
Full text--- Bostryx scalariformis (Mollusca, Gastropoda) is a land snail species from central Peru. It is endemic to coastal "lomas" ecosystem and inhabits mainly in sand formations. Alive individuals have only been found in Ancon, Pasamayo, Lachay and Cerro de Agua lomas from Lima department. This species has two morphotypes, which in turn are geographically isolated, one morphotype inhabits in Ancon-Pasamayo lomas and the other one in Lachay-Cerro de Agua. Habitat fragmentation and decreasing of population size could have lead to reduction of genetic diversity and to genetic differentiation between its populations. The aim of this research was to evaluate genetic diversity in B. scalariformis comparing it with both its geographical distribution and morphotypes, in order to know about its population genetic structure.
Tesis
Faure, Echeverría Macarena. "Estructura genética mitocondrial en la Región de Antofagasta, Chile." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/168742.
Full textEl ADN mitocondrial como marcador genético uniparental ha sido utilizado con éxito para estudiar el poblamiento, historia y orígenes de distintas poblaciones. Es dentro de este contexto, donde el estudio del poblamiento americano, y en particular el continente suramericano cobran vital importancia debido a una serie de eventos que han marcado una heterogeneidad geográfica, cultural, y una estructuración genética que es diferenciada, destacando zonas como los Andes y el Amazonas. Bajo la premisa anterior, el sector del Norte Grande de Chile dentro del contexto sur andino se convierte en un punto válido de interés de estudio, ya que evidencias arqueológicas, etnohistóricas e históricas lo vinculan fuertemente en el área circumpuneña. Desde un punto de vista genético, las investigaciones en materias moleculares en población chilena han usado el ADN mitocondrial como herramienta de estudio para caracterizar mayoritariamente a las poblaciones del centro y sur del país, a diferencia de las poblaciones del Norte Grande. En base al análisis de la región hipervariable del ADN mitocondrial de muestras de saliva de individuos provenientes de las ciudades de Antofagasta y Calama; se registró la predominancia de haplogrupos amerindios y, en particular, una alta proporción del haplogrupo B2, siendo las localidades aledañas a Calama las que muestran una mayor representación de linajes derivados de B2. La ejecución del presente estudio permitió inferir que las ciudades de la costa de la región de Antofagasta se relacionan genéticamente con otras poblaciones nativas del centro y sur del país, mientras que los pueblos aledaños a Calama son cercanos genéticamente a poblaciones nativas del norte de Chile, Noroeste de Argentina (NOA) y Andes bolivianos
Graterol, Torres Domingo Jesús. "Relación entre los haplogrupos del ADN mitocondrial y la sordera por cisplatino." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/377439.
Full text• Introduction Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapeutic as used in many different types of neoplasms. However cause significant adverse effects in patients who receive it, such as: nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity and ototoxicity. Approximately 20 to 40% of patients receiving the drug developed ototoxicity which usually manifests as bilateral, symmetrical, irreversible and high frequency hearing loss. Risk factor useful for predicting the risk of ototoxicity remain to be determined. However, toxicity of cisplatin shows significant interindividual variability and exists a personal predisposition to such toxic effects probably genetic mechanisms in recent years are being investigated. The genetic predisposition induced by cisplatin may be related to mutations or polymorphisms in mitochondrial enzymes important in hearing loss oxidizing purification In the case of aminoglycosides, have shown that ototoxicity is linked to the A1555G mutation, which has been suggested is expressed with varying phenotypic severity according haplogrupo mtDNA. Is unknown if this relationship occurs in the case of chemotherapy with cisplatin. Therefore, further research to provide evidence on the issue could allow if so identify the susceptible population and offer less harmful therapeutic alternatives this group. • Objectives The main aim of our study was to determine whether the type of mitochondrial DNA haplogroup associated with hearing loss in cancer patients treated with cisplatin in the oncology service at Vall d'Hebron Hospital during the period of time between January 2009 and January 2015. As secondary objectives we plan to establish the relationship between the clinical history, factors associated with hearing loss and toxic habits present in the sample and hearing loss after exposure to cisplatin. • Design This is a descriptive, observational cohort study. In all patient a pure-tone audiometry was performed before treatment initiation and at the end of the 3rd dose of it. Data collected on medical history, presence of risk factors for hearing loss and toxic habits. Finally type haplogroup of each patient was determined. • Results In our sample, 40% of patients developed hearing loss after administration of cisplatin which was bilateral, symmetrical and high frequencies. The distribution of haplogroups was in some different groups that presented in the literature, with a discreet overexpression of the V and K haplogroups and a low frequency of haplogroups J and T. Could not determine the relationship between haplogroups and loss hearing. As for the other variables studied, only age was presented as a determining factor, so that the elderly are more susceptible to hearing loss induced by cisplatin than young adults regardless of preexisting hearing loss. • Conclusion. We were unable to establish a partnership between the ototoxicity caused by cisplatin and mitochondrial DNA haplogroups. Ototoxicity caused by cisplatin is manifested as bilateral, symmetrical and predominantly high frequency hearing loss. Age is a predisposing factor for cisplatin ototoxicity. Older patients are more likely to develop hearing loss after treatment with cisplatin. We were unable to establish a relationship between medical history, toxic habits or other risk factors for hearing loss present in the sample and cisplatin ototoxicity.
Fernández, Millán Pablo. "Estudio estructural de proteínas implicadas en el metabolismo del genoma mitocondrial: Helicasa y Factor de Transcripción A Mitocondrial, TFAM." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/273565.
Full textIn this thesis are described two projects with two different DNA binding proteins: TWINKLE and TFAM in complex with DNA (Site-X). Both protein are human proteins and are involved into DNA mitochondrial metabolism, Twinkle is involved in mitochondrial DNA replication and TFAM in the DNA transcription and mitochondrial genome packaging. Crystallographic structure of TFAM/Site-X complex was solved using a molecular replacement method. TFAM is composed by two HMGbox, each one of them bind and bend the DNA Site-X in one point, bending the DNA 90º, and adopting a “U-turn” shape. From a structural point of view, all TFAM/DNA complexes did not show great differences between them. The TFAM/DNA complexes were analyzed by Isothermal Titration calorimetry and showed the same endothermic profile, typical from DNA-binding protein which bend the DNA as a consequence of minor groove interactions, and also similar thermodynamic values. However, TFAM-poly-dA complex showed an exothermic profile. In addition, molecular dynamic technique was used to study the rigidity and simulated the structure of Site-X in an unbounded state. This result showed that TFAM recognize a prebending Site-X DNA, and HMGbox1 bends in a rigid region and HMGbox2 in a flexible region, but both are prebended. This result may suggest this is a general recognition for others DNA sequences. The second project, consisted on the study of a human mitochondrial helicase: Twinkle. The structural data from this protein was obtained with a low resolution techniques: electron microscopy (EM) and Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS). Despite the big difference between these two techniques, both showed similar results. With both techniques was seen that Twinkle is in equilibrium between a hexamer and heptamer in solution. Several 3D structure models were generated for both oligomeric states. In these model the C-terminal domain is responsible of oligomerization in a ring shape, even six or seven units for hexamer and heptamer respectively. The N-terminal domain is divided in two subdomains called ZBD and RPD. These domains are responsible of the Twinkle flexibility, both are connected by a disorded linker, and also the subdomains RDP are connected to the ring domain through other disorded linker. This flexibility was observed by EM and SAXS
Solórzano, Navarro Eduvigis. "De la Mesoamérica Prehispánica a la Colonial: La huella del DNA antiguo." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3682.
Full textSe estudiaron los marcadores del DNA mitocondrial (mtDNA) a partir de restricción enzimática de fragmentos en la región codificante y de la secuenciación de un segmento de la región hipervariable I. Los distintos análisis se realizaron observando un estricto control de los criterios de autenticidad en relación a las condiciones de laboratorio, el uso de controles, la caracterización de los investigadores, diversidad genética, sentido filogenético y total correspondencia entre los marcadores mitocondriales, concordancia que es reconocida como un criterio de autenticidad cuando se analiza el mtDNA proveniente de restos antiguos.
De los ciento dos individuos estudiados, ochenta y siete fueron clasificados entre los cuatro principales haplogrupos descritos para nativos americanos (A, B, C y D) y tres no segregaron para ninguno de estos haplogrupos, ni siquiera para el quinto y menos frecuente linaje americano, el haplogrupo X; a la luz de los datos de que se dispone hasta el momento es probable de que se trate de individuos cuyo linaje maternal pertenezca a alguno de los haplogrupos africanos (L1, L2 y L3), siendo la primera evidencia genética del aporte africano en época colonial. En los doce individuos restantes no se lograron amplificaciones positivas para más de un sitio de restricción, por lo cual fueron excluidos de la investigación.
Los análisis de comparación entre las tres series antiguas permiten deducir una continuidad entre los linajes mitocondriales anteriores al contacto europeo y los linajes de la época colonial, no observándose diferencias significativas entre ellas. Sin embargo, la presencia de secuencias únicas en la serie de contacto permite hipotetizar un colapso poblacional en algunos núcleos indígenas. Los resultados obtenidos tanto a nivel de haplogrupos como de secuencias también han sido comparados con datos de poblaciones actuales y antiguas de América y Asia obtenidos de la literatura; y de esta manera, situar en el contexto poblacional americano las muestras antiguas del Valle Central mexicano.
Los procedimientos de reconstrucción filogenética nos permiten deducir que las series antiguas del Valle Central de México tienen un vínculo por vía matrilineal con el resto de las poblaciones americanas, y especialmente con la población mexicana contemporánea de referencia. Además, está virtualmente ausente el aporte europeo en las muestras analizadas, debido posiblemente, a que el proceso de mestizaje que se produjo durante los siglos XVI y XIX fue de tipo unidireccional, hombre europeo-mujer indígena y el mtDNA sólo nos permite el análisis del aporte genético materno.
This paper is a contribution to the genetic diversity study in ancient American populations. DNA from Mesoamerican human skeletal remains from three different periods, which cover from the pre-Hispanic Aztec epoch (late post-classical) to the Viceroyalty of New Spain at the colonial period were analyzed, with the purpose to infer, with the information that the maternal lineages can provide us, Mexico's Central Valley population dynamics; and the possible genetic contribution of the Spanish and African contingents that arrived to the Americas, specifically to Mexico, since the last period of the XVIth century.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers have been studied by both specific restriction enzyme analysis in the coding region and by sequencing of the hypervariable region I segment. The analyses were carried out with a strict control of the authenticity criteria, focusing on: laboratory conditions, use of blank controls, mtDNA characterization of laboratory researchers, genetic diversity, phylogenetic sense and total correspondence among mitochondrial markers, which is recognized as an authenticity criterium where mtDNA analysis from ancient remains is concerned.
Of the hundred two individuals studied, eighty-seven were classified among the four major founding mtDNA haplogroups described for American natives (A, B, C, and D), three individuals didn't segregate for any of these haplogroups, not even for the fifth and less frequent American founding lineage, the haplogroup X; and it is probable that their maternal lineage belong to one of the African haplogroups (L1, L2 or L3), being the first genetic evidence of the African contribution in the colonial epoch. Finally, in twelve individuals positive amplifications were achieved in no more than one restriction site, reason by which they were excluded of the investigation.
The analysis comparison among the three ancient series showed that there is continuity between mitochondrial lineages previous to the European contact and colonial lineages, and that there is not a significant difference among them. Nevertheless, the presence of exclusive lineages in contact series allows us to hypothesize a population collapse in some native groups. The results obtained using both methods of the mtDNA analysis have also been compared with ancient and current populations data from America and Asia available in the literature; and in this way, we have been able to place in the American context the Mexico's Central Valley samples.
Phylogenetic reconstruction procedures permit to deduce that Mexico's Central Valley ancient series have a maternal link with the remaining American populations, and especially with the Mexican current population of reference. In addition the European contribution in the samples analyzed is virtually absent possibly owing to that the mestizaje process that was produced during the XVIth and XIXth centuries was of one-directional: European man - Native woman and mtDNA only permits maternal genetic analysis.
Flores, Alvarado Sandra Andrea. "Ancestría y mestizaje de poblaciones chilota y croata en Punta Arenas: Un estudio a través de marcadores uniparentales." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2016. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/151110.
Full textPunta Arenas fue formada a partir de inmigrantes chilenos y europeos, mayormente chilotes y croatas, que llegaron durante los siglos XIX y XX. Las diferencias culturales y su pertenencia a distintas clases socio-económicas sugieren la existencia de barreras que dificultan el flujo génico entre los grupos. La población actual no ha sido caracterizada para marcadores genéticos que permitan corroborar la contribución de los grupos de inmigrantes. Entonces nos preguntamos ¿cuáles son los patrones de mestizaje entre inmigrantes chilotes y croatas de Punta Arenas y cómo influyen en la configuración de la variabilidad genética actual de la ciudad? Se describe el fenómeno del mestizaje entre chilotes y croatas en Punta Arenas considerando las variables genéticas y sociales involucradas a través de la caracterización de una muestra de 135 voluntarios vía marcadores uniparentales (Cromosoma Y y ADN mitocondrial) y de una encuesta. El componente materno corresponde en un 86% a pueblos originarios, predominando los macrohaplogrupos C (35%), D (33%) y B (17%). En los linajes paternos predomina el componente no amerindio (92%), destacándose el haplogrupo R1b (48%) y la baja frecuencia de los preponderantes en Croacia (R1a1= 5%, I2a1= 3%). Se da cuenta de la relación existente entre marcadores genéticos, apellidos y lugar de origen de los individuos, de la existencia de un sesgo por sexo en el mestizaje y de la inexistencia de una asociación entre ancestría y estrato socio-económico. Los resultados no presentan diferencias significativas respecto a otras poblaciones urbanas de Chile, evidenciando una discordancia entre la relevancia dada a la inmigración europea en el relato histórico y su real contribución genética a la población de la ciudad de Punta Arenas, mostrando un predominio de la inmigración desde Chiloé
Conference papers on the topic "ADN mitocondrial"
Zamprogno, Nathália Perini, and Maria Angélica Santos Novaes. "REVISÃO: DOENÇA DE PARKINSON E SUAS ETIOLOGIAS MITOCONDRIAIS." In I Congresso Nacional On-line de Biologia Celular e Estrutural. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/1956.
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