Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Adultes – Santé mentale – Québec (Province)'
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Charles, Noémie. ""Travailler, c'est trop dur"? : la santé mentale et le rétablissement, quand le travail s'en mêle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/21172.
Full textFrève, Laverdière Philippe. "Pratiques d'intervention postcarcérales et intégration sociale des contrevenants adultes ayant un trouble mental : point de vue des intervenants communautaires du Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28907/28907.pdf.
Full textPelletier-Simard, Laurence. "Perceptions du soutien social reçu chez les jeunes ayant reçu un diagnostic de schizophrènie en processus de rétablissement." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28459/28459.pdf.
Full textMorin, Marie-Hélène. "S'adapter lors du premier épisode psychotique d'un jeune adulte : perspectives nouvelles pour l'intervention familiale et les pratiques collaboratives dans le domaine social en santé mentale." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25735.
Full textIt has now been well-documented that mental disorders, like psychotic disorders, carry significant impacts for the family of the person afflicted. During a first-episode psychosis (FEP), the parents are the ones who are specifically sought to play a supportive role for their young adult and to contribute to the early interventions that promote rehabilitation and recovery. Early intervention programs based on schizophrenia treatment good practices also include family interventions. Despite the tendency to offer family interventions, we know little about the factors that can predict the parent’s ability to cope with their supportive role in this particular context. For the present research, a coping model was tested with a sample of 58 parents and in-laws who received services from a clinic specializing in the treatment of psychotic disorders in the early stages. The initial stance guiding the selection of variables claimed that coping in a context of FEP provides an opportunity for development, and even personal growth. The results obtained from the statistical analyses provide a systematic approach to understanding coping while considering the interinfluence of personal factors (certain characteristics of the parents), along with environmental factors (characteristics linked to the intervention). The final coping model invites parents to identify intervention targets that can help develop empowerment without compromising their ability to function socially. Participating in active coping strategies, such as committing to a family intervention and developing a collaborative relationship with social workers, represents a new avenue for the parental coping phenomenon. Focusing on early interventions, promoting active participation in rewarding social roles for parents and for those living with psychotic disorders, and encouraging the use of the many services offered in partnership are all part of the recommendations that have been issued in light of the results obtained under this thesis.
Deslauriers, Jean-Simon. "Action en santé mentale au travail et syndicalisme québécois : l'expérience de représentants syndicaux." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27171.
Full textIn some of Quebec’s unionized sectors, important initiatives have been deployed in order to prevent mental health problems in the workplace. For over three decades, visionary union representatives have built working peer assistance structures, won important legal struggles and have developed innovative approaches aiming to correct or improve work organization. As the neoliberal ideology and its related work organization principles contribute to intensify work, leading to a weakening of the workers psyche, and as the balance of power favors employers more and more, it seems like an opportune time to survey the experience of those visionary union representatives in order to get a better understanding of union actions regarding mental health in the workplace and its structuring process. This thesis studies Quebec’s union initiatives concerning mental health in the workplace and aiming to prevent and correct problems like psychological distress, burnout, harassment, depression, violence, work related suicide, etc. In order to achieve this objective, a mixed theoretical approach is used. On the one hand, a large philosophical perspective is adopted. Authors Thomas Hobbes, Adam Smith, Karl Marx and Hannah Arendt are referred to in order to forge a better understanding of human interactions and action. By extracting their respective views of the world, of action and of social link, an analytic model is built, which could tie the life experience of union representatives to these different views, therefore achieving a better understanding of the ideological basis on which they built up their action and how it had influenced their individual and collective history. On the other hand, the social experience theory (Dubet, 2009; 1994) is selected as a way to analyze more precisely the work of union representatives. This theory identifies three logics of action, all complementary and in tension with one another, with which all social actors must deal with: integration, strategy and subjectivation. The coexistence of these three logics means that the actor’s experience of the living world is not a simple reproduction mechanism, applying social determination learned from their predecessors. Actors are also subjects of their own experiences and capable of distancing themselves from their own socialization in order to understand their act; they take place in the world in a critic dialectic. This theory sheds a light on what eases or restrains individual and collective action in regard to mental health in the workplace and describes how union representatives mobilize themselves in order to respond to the many needs of their members. This qualitative research uses a life trajectory methodology (Rhéaume 2008; Bertaux 2006). Twenty union representatives describe the suffering work experiences (Dejours, 2008) lived by workers and present initiatives they deployed in order to help them. The situations described by the participants show how some work organization elements are linked to domination experiences (Martuccelli, 2004) and have impacts on mental health in the workplace: the collateral damage of productivism and hyperflexibility, occupational injuries, occupational diseases and horror situations in the workplace, pernicious workplace social dynamics and abusive uses of the judicial system. The study also demonstrates the extent to which union initiatives contribute to solve these problems and the key factors in that regard: interdependence, empowerment, social justice and struggle for dignity. Four categories have been forged to describe those initiatives: social link care with peer assistance, legal defense, collective agreement clauses and actions targeting the work organization. Finally, the thesis presents three union representative profiles: militance which tries to build an us in the workplace, professionalization which tries to have its utility and competence recognized, and the peer assistants which aims to develop an action centered on the self. Their meeting shows the development of a union praxis which promotes and protects dignity of work and workers.
Tremblay, Éric. "L'impact de la décroissance organisationnelle sur la motivation et la santé mentale des fonctionnaires." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0005/MQ44976.pdf.
Full textAubin, Karine. "La continuité des soins et les politiques publiques de santé mentale au Québec : 1962-2007." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25967.
Full textRodrigue, Guillaume. "L'intégration communautaire dans les ressources d'hébergement non institutionnelles en santé mentale de la région de Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29601.
Full textHundreds of people with a severe mental health disorder live in intermediate and family-type resources in the Quebec region. The main purpose of these structures is to integrate vulnerable people into the community. The aim of this research is to determine the impact of intermediate and family-type resources owners’ as well as their employees’ interventions on the community integration of their residents. This study uses Segal and Aviram’s (1978) community integration model as a conceptual framework. Their model proposes to divide the community integration into two concepts: internal and external integration. Internal integration refers to the evolution of residents in the housing environment, whereas external integration concerns the engagement of residents outside the residence. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with residents, owners, and employees of intermediate and family-type resources in the Quebec region. The sample was comprised of 12 actors involved in the field of mental health housing resources including five residents, four owners, and three employees. The data collected were analyzed using a thematic content analysis. The main interventions carried out by owners and employees to ensure the residents’ community integration are grouped into six categories: the establishment of rules, group activities, management of the consumption of goods and services, the formation of a residents’ committee, support for family relationships, and the sustainment of activities independently carried out by residents. It was shown that owners’ and employees’ interventions focus on two objectives: developing residents’ autonomy and ensuring their protection. Owners’ and employees’ authority status is used as one of the main tools to intervene with their customers. Results from this research confirm, but also contradict, previous findings regarding the tension between residents’ need for protection and autonomy, owners’ and employees’ authority status, and the impact of these individuals on the community integration of residents. Keywords: intermediate resource, family-type resource, community integration, mental health, mental illness, resident, autonomy, protection, authority.
Laflamme, Anne-Marie. "La protection de la santé mentale au travail : le nécessaire passage d'un régime fondé sur la réparation des atteintes vers un régime de gestion préventive des risques psychosociaux." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25099/25099.pdf_1.
Full textViviers, Simon. "Étude de la santé psychologique des ophtalmologistes québécois." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23801/23801.pdf.
Full textBrie, Marie-Hélène. "Faire reconnaître sa spécificité : le défi du XXIe siècle : l'expertise communautaire en santé mentale dans la région de Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24570/24570.pdf.
Full textCloutier, Kathleen. "Étude des perceptions des adultes québécois et des diététistes des aliments et de leur place dans une saine alimentation." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29430/29430.pdf.
Full textTrân, Joliette Minh Lan. "Analyse organisationnelle de l'accessibilité aux services de santé mentale pour la population anglophone dans la région de Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/17983.
Full textLavallée, Josiane. "La perception des proches-aidants en santé mentale de l'adéquation entre les services reçus d'un établissement psychiatrique et leurs besoins de services." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26692/26692.pdf.
Full textDouesnard, Jacinthe. "La santé psychologique des pompiers : portrait de situation et éclairage de la psychodynamique du travail." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/26769/26769.pdf.
Full textGagnon, Dominique. "Santé sexuelle et prévention : étude exploratoire des croyances liées à l'adoption et au maintien de comportements sexuels sécuritaires chez des adultes âgés de 18 à 29 ans du Nunavik." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27752/27752.pdf.
Full textSchmouth, Marie-Eve. "Les attentes et le rôle performé par les soignés et les soignants dans la relation de soions avec des personnes présentant un problème de santé mentale grave et de toxicomanie." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18538.
Full textSt-Pierre, Frédéric. "La formation initiale des gestionnaires favorise-t-elle la santé mentale et physique des travailleurs?" Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24276/24276.pdf.
Full textLachance, Gaston. "Expérience spirituelle et expérience de rétablissement en santé mentale : étude descriptive en vue d'une thérapeuthique spirituelle." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23532.
Full textTurcotte, Karl. "L'expérience des intervenants dans l'accompagnement vers le rétablissement des personnes vivant dans les milieux de soins de longue durée en psychiatrie." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26783.
Full textThe aim of this qualitative study is to explore the experience of supporting persons with severe mental disorder their recovery in long-term psychiatric unit of the Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine in-patient mental health providers and they answered to the Recovery attitude questionnaire (RAQ-7). Thematic analysis was used to describe the experience, completed with by analysis of RAQ-7 scores. Results: Three interconnected components of the experience are identified: hope, involvement and relationship with the person. Positive attitude toward recovery, vision of recovery as a personal journey and working with providers who believe in recovery positively influence the experience. In parallel, being confronted to in-patient with significant symptoms, a culture of intervention geared towards their stabilization and having past experiences of failure in interventions negatively influence the experience. Conclusions and implications: The experience of supporting persons with severe mental illnesses is influenced by various individual and environmental factors (organisational environment). Knowledge of these factors can promote a successful implementation of favorable modes of intervention in the recovery of users in residential and long-term psychiatric care environments. Keywords: recovery-focused mental health services, recovery, serious mental illness, in-patient mental health providers, long-term psychiatric unit.
Laprise, Réjeanne. "Les attentes en matière de consultation des aidants de personnes âgées dépressives dans une perspective communautaire." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ54015.pdf.
Full textBouchard, Julie. "Les facteurs psychosociaux qui interviennent dans la survenue de passage à l'acte violent chez les personnes présentant des troubles concomitants de santé mentale grave de toxicomanie : point de vue des personnes présentant ces problématiques." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/19798.
Full textLeclerc, Annabelle. "Le travail social en troisième ligne psychiatrique : la perception des travailleurs sociaux." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27882.
Full textThis qualitative study aims to extend the knowledge about social work in third line (i.e., hospital-based and specialized) psychiatric services. The outlook of social workers is central in our study as we asked these professionals about the meaning of their duties at work. Interviews were conducted with mental health social workers from the Mental Health Institute of Quebec City. From April to June 2015, 10 social workers were interviewed. They answered a semi-structured questionnaire divided in two sections: (1) social work practice in third line psychiatry; and (2) a practice narrative centered on an actual clinical example. Thematic content analysis based on a codification table with predetermined and emerging categories was conducted. Results and discussion: The central theme of our analysis pertains to the notion of linking, which is viewed as central to social work practices: ties created, preserved, or re-established by social workers, and involving users, families, other practitioners, and other various partners. Social workers enact various roles in third line psychiatric settings. Significantly, the way their role is understood in interdisciplinary teams influences the continuity of the collaboration itself, as well as the achievement of the goals established with clients. The case-centered practice narratives underline that clinical management in third line psychiatric settings need interventions from different collaborators and demand the use of new intervention approaches. Constructive and effective collaborations along with the addition of families in complex interventions provide great support in the realization of the users’ intervention plan or discharge plan. For social workers, the diverse forms of clinical supports, training accessibility and work flexibility facilitate their tasks. Keywords: social work, hospital practice, mental health, psychiatry.
Therriault, Katia. "Le partenariat entre les organismes communautaires et les établissements publics dans le cadre des réseaux de services intégrés en santé mentale : l'expérience des tables territoriales, telle que vécue par les représentants des organismes communautaires." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24350/24350.pdf.
Full textLampron, Amélie. "La schizophrénie au sein d'un Québec multiculturel : le cas des immigrants Haïtiens de Montréal." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29367/29367.pdf.
Full textLambert-Slythe, Anne-Frédérique. "Évaluation de l'efficacité des interventions organisationnelles mises en oeuvre dans le cadre de la norme "Entreprises en santé" : Impacts sur la conciliation travail-vie personnelle et l'état de santé globale des travailleurs du Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27942.
Full textImpact of the Quebec Healthy Enterprise Standard on work-life balance and self-rated health among employees Background and Objectives: Work-life balance (WLB) refers to the harmonization of one’s professional and personal roles. In Quebec, 40 to 47% of workers report work-life conflict; a state researchers suggest may be associated with various mental and physical health problems. An increasing number of companies are implementing measures to promote WLB, but their effects on workers’ health are not well known. Implemented in 2008, the Quebec Healthy Enterprise Standard (HES) targets four intervention areas, including WLB. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of HES implementation on workers’ WLB and their self-rated health (SRH). Methods: This was an intervention study with a before-after design. All active employees of ten Quebec companies were solicited to complete a questionnaire before (n=2849) and 24 to 38 months after (n=2560) HES implementation. Results: The overall results show a deterioration of WLB and SRH. Of the two companies that implemented specific interventions to promote WLB, only one implemented recognized interventions (flexible schedule and telecommute). In this company, a slight improvement in WLB as well as an increase in the prevalence of negative SRH was observed. The second company conducted information sessions on WLB and deterioration in WLB was observed. Conclusions: This is the first study to assess the association between implemented measures and WLB or SRH over such a long period of time and in such a large sample. The results of this study illustrate the need to and the importance of implementing concrete and recognized interventions in order to improve workers’ WLB and SRH.
St-Pierre, Amélie. "Immigrer et devenir parent : l'expérience d'intégration sociale vécue par de nouvelles mères immigrantes de la ville de Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29927.
Full textFor the past ten years, Québec City has faced a significant increase in the number of newcomers. Among these people, many young adults settle in the Capitale-Nationale region with the objective of working and starting a family there. We observe that many young immigrant women will have their first child within the first two years of arrival in Quebec. While they are in the process of adapting to the new country, they will also have to deal with a new role, being a mother. This exploratory study looks at how their entry into maternity influences their social integration in a recent post-migration context. It is through a qualitative approach that eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with immigrant women living in the Quebec City area. It appears that for the women we met, the choice to immigrate is above all part of the family trajectory. The results of the study suggest that language barriers, precarious socio-economic status and psychological difficulties are considered by women as the main barriers to their social integration. Despite some challenges, the data indicates that many of them will have experienced the arrival of the child as an opportunity to strengthen their social integration and take root in their new country. For others, this double transition will be experienced more painfully by involving psychological difficulties acting as barriers to integration.
Bagilishya, Olivier. "Détresse psychologique dans l'enseignement primaire, secondaire et collégial au Québec." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24739/24739.pdf.
Full textLamy, Leandre. "Évaluation des effets d'un programme de mentorat par les pairs sur la pratique d'activité physique et la condition physique de jeunes adultes au collégial." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68629.
Full textThe actual portrait of the health behaviours of young adults reveals alarming data about the physical activity level (Colley, Garriguet, Janssen, Craig, Clarke & Tremblay, 2011). To help them adopt increase their physical activity level, it seems appropriate to set up interventions that mobilize the action of their peers (Canadian Institute for Research on Fitness and Lifestyle, 2014; 2015). They seem to give them special importance when the time comes to adopt healthy lifestyle habits (DuBois & Karcher, 2014). Therefore, peer mentoring seems a promising avenue. Although the characteristics of this type of intervention have been documented in the literature, few studies have evaluated its effects in mentees (Sallis, Calfas, Nichols, Sarkin, Johnson, Caparosa, Thomson & Alcaraz, 1999; Boyle, Mattern, Lassister & Ritzler, 2011) and even fewer have done so with mentors (Lubans, Morgan, Aguiar & Callister, 2011). From this perspective, the present study had two objectives: 1) to evaluate the effects of a peer mentoring program in college settings on the practice of physical activity, physical condition, eating behaviours, consumption of fruits and vegetables. and the sense of personal effectiveness of mentees and mentors; 2) explore the moderating role of gender and participants' initial level of physical activity on the effects of the program. These objectives were investigated using a study with a quasi-experimental design using 104 young adults (mentors n = 38, non-mentors n = 33, mentees n = 21 and non-mentees n = 12). Questionnaires as well as physical tests made it possible to measure the main variables. The covariance analyzes show that at the end of the intervention, mentees adopted fewer behaviours aimed at gaining weight than non-mentees, while mentors adopted fewer behaviours aimed at losing weight than non-mentors. In addition, moderation analyzes reveal effects in men regardless of their initial level of physical activity but not in women. In fact, 1) mentee men exhibit better estimated maximal volume of oxygen consumption (VO₂ max) than non-mentee men, 2) male mentors show a lower body mass index (BMI) than non-mentor men and 3) male mentors report more behaviours aimed at gaining weight than non-mentor men. However, although our results suggest these effects, it seems essential to us to interpret them with caution due to some methodological limitations, in particular the small sampling. We often see them as tendencies to take in count for future research. However, our results suggest that we must consider sex of participants when time comes to orient, implement, and operationalize mentoring programs, particularly for the mentors.
Delisle, Stéphanie. "Étude des pratiques organisationnelles au sein de protocoles ou programmes de retour au travail à la suite d'une absence pour des problèmes en santé psychologique." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27371/27371.pdf.
Full textDjossa, Adoun Medetongnon Alfred Serge. "Les technologies de l'information et de la télécommunication (TIC) pour la promotion de la santé sexuelle et reproductive (SSR) au sein des jeunes des Premières Nations du Québec : faisabilité et pistes d'intervention." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26815.
Full textThe distribution of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV / AIDS prevalence in Canada presents large inequalities between different socio-cultural groups. Aboriginal people are, among the population, which pay the heaviest price. The First Nations of Quebec and Labrador Health and Social Services Commission (FNQLHSSC) has identified sexually transmitted infections, including HIV/AIDS, as a priority health issue. The Aboriginal Strategy on HIV / AIDS estimates that to be effective, interventions to prevent HIV / AIDS must target various groups, among which Aboriginal youth is a particular target. In this sense, the familiarity of the younger generation with technology positions especially the use of information and communications technology (ICT) as a highly promising avenue for HIV / AIDS prevention among adolescents and young adults. We conducted a knowledge synthesis in this innovative field following the methodology suggested by the Cochrane Collaboration to highlight the effectiveness and the adoption factors of interventions using ICT for the prevention of STIs/HIV/AIDS and for the promotion of sexual and reproductive health among adolescents and young adults. The results of this systematic review were used to develop and conduct, in partnership with the FNQLHSSC, a research project aiming at studying the feasibility of interventions using information and communication technologies (ICT) to promote sexual health among adolescents and young adults of Quebec First Nations (FN) communities. As a complement to this feasibility evaluation, a study was conducted in order to formulate exhaustive recommendations for the development of evidence-based interventions that also take into account the characteristics of the target population. This study aimed to identify the factors underlying condom use among 13-18 year olds from FN communities of Quebec. We discussed in this thesis the results of those studies, as well as various issues of our research partnership with the FN stakeholders who participated in our project. The practical implications of our results, in terms of research and intervention, are to be discussed with our main partner, the FNQLHSSC, in order to maximize benefits for the populations of PN.
Plamondon, Myriam. "Exposition aux risques psychosociaux et détresse psychologique des travailleurs québécois selon la taille d'entreprise." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30356/30356.pdf.
Full textWorkplaces impact significantly on employees’ psychological health. Even if small and medium sized enterprises (SME) contribute largely as employers in Quebec, mental health and psychosocial work environment issues remain misunderstood. Using a representative sample of Quebec’ working population of 4608 workers, this study aims to compare the psychosocial work environment and psychological health in Quebec organizations based on their size. Furthermore, three managers working full time in SMEs were interviewed. Results suggest that even though psychological distress does not vary with organization’s size, individuals working for very small enterprises are less likely to be exposed to effort-reward imbalance and to job strain than those from small, medium and large organizations. Also, the relationship between psychosocial risks and psychological distress differs according size. Practitioners and intervention researchers should take into account of these differences and adapt organizational interventions depending on the organization’s size and its particular needs. Keywords: small and medium sized enterprises, psychological health at work, psychosocial risks, psychosocial work environment, psychological distress, organizational size, efforts-rewards imbalance, job strain.
Dallaire, Louis-François. "Concomitance de violence conjugale et de troubles mentaux : Les points de vue des professionnels intervenant auprès de conjoints aux comportements violents." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28697/28697.pdf.
Full textBlouin, Camille. "Santé mentale des camionneurs québécois ayant vécu un accident de la route impliquant une tentative de suicide devant leur camion." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69495.
Full textIn 2019, across the province of Quebec, 35,000 people were injured in road accidents. The effect ofthese accidents on the mental health of survivors are poorly documented statistically. The prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its comorbidity with insomnia, depression and transportation phobia hasbeen noted in some victims. Victims of accidents involving a heavy vehicle are over-represented and, in mostcases, the truck driver is not at fault. In these situations, it is possible that a person may have used the heavyvehicle to take their own life (suicide-by-truck). The impact of suicides-by-truck on mental health is decried bytrucker associations, but the nature and magnitude of these consequences are not well known. The aim of thisstudy is to define a portrait of a sample of Quebec truck drivers’ mental health, who have or have not experienceda road accident, whether involving a suicide attempt or not, to clarify the situation. Eighty-five truck drivers (64.7%male, average age = 42.8 years) completed a battery of validated and homemade questionnaires measuring theseverity of PTSD symptoms, insomnia, depression, daily functioning, and substance use. A significant differencewas observed between those who had not experienced an accident and those who had experienced an accidentthat was not a suicide attempt on the severity of intrusive symptoms related to PTSD (F (2.82) = 4.017, p =0.022). No significant difference was observed between those reporting accidents involving a suicide attemptand those in other groups. The sample of this study did not reveal any specific impact on the mental health oftruck drivers who had experienced road accidents involving a suicide attempt. Therefore, the results obtainedindicate that, for this sample of truck drivers, the context of the accident is not what seems to have the greatestinfluence on mental health. In future research, considering some factors such as the time passed since theaccident or the number of accidents experienced by each truck driver would provide a more accurate picture ofthis population.
Roy, Philippe. "Pratiques masculines : expérience et adaptation au stress vécues par les agriculteurs québécois." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25385.
Full textCette étude examine quelles sont les pratiques masculines d’expérience et d’adaptation au stress chez les agriculteurs. Une attention grandissante est portée aux manières par lesquelles différentes formes de masculinités s’expriment à travers les comportements de santé des hommes. Ces comportements sont interprétés comme des pratiques masculines lorsqu’elles sont utilisées pour illustrer la construction sociale du genre masculin. D’un côté, il est attendu que les hommes montrent peu d’intérêt pour leur santé et évitent de demander de l’aide, conformément à l’idéologie masculine traditionnelle (IMT), qui valorise notamment la force, le stoïcisme, le rejet du féminin, l’indépendance et l’autonomie. D’un autre côté, il est attendu qu’ils agissent en citoyens responsables ou en bons pères en démontrant de l’intérêt pour leur santé, de même qu’une attitude positive et proactive envers les services. Parmi tous les groupes d’hommes, d’importantes préoccupations concernent la santé mentale des agriculteurs, notamment sur le plan de hauts niveaux de stress et de détresse psychologique et de suicide, de même qu’une faible utilisation des services par ceux-ci. De plus, les connaissances demeurent peu développées sur les façons dont les agriculteurs s’adaptent au stress de manière positive. La présente étude focalise sur les contextes et les circonstances pour lesquels les pratiques masculines peuvent soutenir des stratégies d’adaptation positives ou négatives. Des entrevues individuelles d’environ 120 minutes ont été réalisées auprès de 32 agriculteurs québécois et d’un groupe de discussion formé de cinq professionnels de la santé et d’associations agricoles qui interviennent auprès des agriculteurs. Les résultats identifient trois pratiques masculines conformes à l’IMT, soit la faible sensibilité ou le déni des symptômes de stress, la croyance de pouvoir s’en sortir seul et l’ignorance des services. Ces pratiques semblent associées à l’adoption de stratégies négatives comme l’isolement, l’investissement excessif dans le travail et les idéations suicidaires. À l’inverse, les pratiques masculines non conformes à l’IMT comprennent le fait de prendre au sérieux une situation de crise, une expérience positive de demande d’aide dans le passé, l’indépendance par rapport au stéréotype masculin (IMT) et l’influence de modèles identitaires qui ont déjà demandé de l’aide. Ces pratiques semblent faciliter l’adoption de stratégies positives comme l’autogestion et la demande d’aide auprès des amis, de la famille et des services professionnels. La principale recommandation consiste à promouvoir l’acceptabilité des stratégies positives auprès des agriculteurs en alignant celles-ci sur le sens des responsabilités envers la santé et le bien-être des agriculteurs eux-mêmes, de leur famille et de leur entreprise.
This study investigates the masculine practices associated with stress-related experiences and coping strategies among male farmers. Increasing attention is being paid to the way masculinities are expressed through health behaviours. These behaviours are understood as masculine practices through employing the social constructionist paradigm of gender. On one hand, men are expected to show little or no interest in their health, to avoid help-seeking, in accordance with traditional masculine ideology (TMI), which values strength, stoicism, rejection of femininity, independence and self-reliance. On the other hand, men are expected to act as good citizens, especially during fatherhood, by demonstrating interest in their health and positive, proactive attitudes towards services. In particular, male farmers require special attention as high levels of stress, psychological distress and suicide, combined with a low use of services puts them at risk. Furthermore, knowledge is limited on ways by which male farmers positively cope with stress. This study focusses on contexts and circumstances where masculine practices support positive or negative coping strategies. Individual interviews lasting approximatively 120 minutes have been performed with 32 male farmers in Quebec and one focus group with five professionals working in suicide prevention in rural areas or farming unions. Results identify three masculine practices that conform withTMI, which are low sensitivity or stress symptom denial, rigid self-reliance attitudes and a lacking knowledge of services. These practices encourage coping strategies such as social withdrawal, working excessively and contemplating suicide. On the contrary, masculine practices that resist TMI include taking crisis situations seriously, previous positive help experiences, being independent of TMI and the influence of role models who have sought help. This set of practices supports positive coping strategies such as self-management, and seeking help from family, friends and professional services. The main recommendation is to promote the acceptability of positive strategies’ among male farmers by aligning these strategies with a sense of responsibility for the health and wellbeing of their family, their farm and themselves.
Gilbert-Ouimet, Mahée. "Effets de la double exposition à des contraintes psychosociales au travail et à des responsabilités familiales élevées sur la pression artérielle et la détresse psychologique des femmes : une étude prospective de 5 ans réalisée auprès de cols blancs de la région de Québec." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27560.
Full textGeneral objectives: 1. To realize a systematic review of the adverse effects of psychosocial work factors of both the demand–control (DC) and effort–reward imbalance (ERI) models on blood pressure (BP). 2. To evaluate, over the 5-year follow-up, the effect of the double exposure to the psychosocial work factors of the DC or ERI models and high family responsibilities on BP (mean) and psychological distress (prevalence) among white-collar working women. Methods: 1. To be included in the systematic review, studies had to: i) evaluate at least one psychosocial work factor, ii) evaluate BP or hypertension, iii) comprise ≥100 workers, iv) be written in English or French, and v) be published in a peer reviewed journal. 2. The study population was composed of over 1,000 women from Quebec City. They were assessed three times during a 5-year period (year 1, 3 and 5). At each time, psychosocial work factors, family responsibilities and psychological distress were measured using questionnaires. Ambulatory BP was measured every 15 minutes during a working day. Results: 1. About half of the 74 studies included in the systematic review, reported a significant adverse effect of psychosocial work factors on BP. A more consistent effect was observed among: i) men and ii) studies of higher methodological quality. 2. Compared to unexposed women, women having a double exposure to ERI at work and high family responsibilities had: i) a higher BP level at baseline (diastolic: +2.75 mmHg), after 3-year (systolic: +2.22 mmHg and diastolic: +2.55 mmHg), and after 5-year (systolic: +2.94 mmHg and diastolic: +3.10 mmHg) and ii) a higher prevalence ratio of psychological distress at baseline (2.04 (95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.68-2.49), after 3-year (1.90 (95% CI: 1.52-2.38), and after 5-year follow-up (1.56 (95% CI:1.16-2.10). Women having a double exposure to job strain and high family responsibilities had also a significantly higher prevalence of psychological distress at baseline (1.53 (95% CI: 1.22-1.93) and at the 5-year follow-up (1.43 (95% CI: 1.07-1.91). Conclusion: 1. In this systematic review, a more consistent adverse effect of psychosocial work factors was observed among men than women and in studies of higher methodological quality. 2. This thesis showed an adverse effect of the double exposure to psychosocial work factors and high family responsibilities on women BP and psychological distress. These findings contribute to the current effort of primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and mental health problems, by documenting the psychosocial etiology of elevated BP and psychological distress.
Pepin, Camille. "Surpeuplement des logements en lien avec la détresse psychologique chez les adolescents inuit du Nunavik : un suivi longitudinal." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37233.
Full textAbout half of Nunavik Inuit live in overcrowded households compared to 6% of the general Canadian population. Inuit adolescents are also more at risk of suffering from psychological distress than their Canadian peers. Living in overcrowded households is associated with greater risks of suffering from mental health problems for Canadian adolescents. However, no empirical and longitudinal study has examined the impact of living in an overcrowded household during childhood on psychological distress at adolescence for Inuit. The objective of the present work is to examine the hypothesized relationship between household overcrowding at childhood and psychological distress during adolescence among Nunavik Inuit, as well as the hypothesized relationship between these phenomena when they are both measure at adolescence. It will also examine if this relationship is moderated by sex. Recruited as part of the Nunavik Child Development Study, 220 participants were met when they were 11 years old in average, and then when they were 18 years old in average. Household overcrowding was assessed using the people per room ratio. Psychological distress symptoms were operationalized at adolescence using depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts. The results did not show that childhood household crowding had a longterm effect on psychological distress, nor effect moderation by sex. Despite these results, household crowding could be a risk factor when in interaction with other elements related housing conditions or with poverty, or could be experienced as a difficulty for adolescents on other aspects than depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts.
Lemardelet, Laura. "Dépistage précoce des troubles de comportement à l'école : validation d'un outil d'évaluation ludique pour les enfants d'âge primaire." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67455.
Full textChabot, Shirley. "Comment les superviseurs agissent-ils pour améliorer l'environnement psychosocial des employés? : risques visés, leviers et obstacles rencontrés." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27232.
Full textLamontagne, Sophie. "Pourquoi la reconnaissance au travail contribue à la motivation et au bien-être des travailleurs ?" Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23802/23802.pdf.
Full textPelletier-Bosshard, Emma. "Identification des stratégies utillisées par les gestionnaires pour appuyer les employés qui effectuent un travail émotionnellement exigeant, et ce dans un contexte de contraintes organisationnelles." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26432.
Full textIndividuals who carry out emotionally demanding work have an increased risk of developing work-related psychological problems. In the face of this situation, support from immediate superiors appears to be important. This research aimed to identify the strategies used by immediate superiors to support their staff. Within this qualitative research study that used as its theoretical framework the ergonomic analysis of work, focus groups were conducted with immediate superiors within a Quebec youth centre (Centre jeunesse). These group interviews revealed seven support strategies as well as certain preparatory strategies. The potential influence of organisational, collective and individual factors on the choice of these strategies was also revealed. These findings contribute to the development of knowledge about the strategies used by immediate superiors to support employees and reveal the importance of contextual factors.
Fournier, Brigitte. "L'épuisement scolaire des étudiants en médecine : le rôle de la motivation, de la demande psychologique, du soutien à l'autonomie et de la personnalité." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27739/27739.pdf.
Full textOuellet, Nicole, and Nicole Ouellet. "Dépression et reconstruction identitaire : intégration de l'expérience de la dépression et changements bénéfiques dans la vie professionnelle." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37560.
Full textCe mémoire a pour objectif de mieux comprendre les remaniements identitaires qui s’associent à la dépression et qui mènent à des changements importants et positifs jusque dans la vie scolaire ou professionnelle. Plus précisément, il examine les répercussions proximales de la dépression, les processus identitaires associés, le rôle des professionnels de l’aide ainsi que le sens donné à cet évènement de la dépression au regard de sa biographie. Cette problématique se révèle pertinente dans le domaine des sciences de l’orientation puisque la dépression est une menace importante à l’insertion socioprofessionnelle et que les conseillers d’orientation sont de plus en plus appelés à accompagner des personnes rencontrant ou ayant rencontré ce problème de santé mentale. Pour répondre à l’objectif de ce mémoire, une méthodologie de nature qualitative a été empruntée. Des entretiens approfondis de type récit de vie ont été réalisés auprès de quatre personnes ayant vécu une dépression. Les résultats montrent que cette dernière peut constituer une crise identitaire majeure à partir de laquelle un retour à soi est utilisé comme tremplin pour repenser ses choix et effectuer des changements professionnels qui permettent une vie plus satisfaisante. Les résultats montent également que les professionnels de la relation d’aide peuvent y jouer un rôle primordial notamment dans la compréhension de la crise et le travail du projet, mais d’abord en accueillant et en légitimant la personne en dépression aux prises avec des insécurités identitaires.
Hamelin, Gabriella. "Burnout chez les conseillers d'orientation : modèle prédictif appuyé sur la souffrance identitaire de métier et les conditions de pratique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34737.
Full textProfessional counselors are struggling to establish a collective identity ever since the origins of the profession. More specifically, their occupational identity is impeded by the heterogeneity of common practices, the rapid and multidirectional evolution of societal needs and due to the difficulty of being prescribed specific roles in the work organization. Furthermore, school counselors are particularly vulnerable to identity difficulties as these struggles can be nurtured by their work environment and the latter may even contribute to occupational identity suffering (OIS). OIS can arise when school counselors’ work experience would prevent them to perform desired practices and to acquire a sense of professional accomplishment (Viviers, 2016). In addition to these problems, several studies indicated that school counselors are also inclined to experience burnout (e.g., Butler & Constantine, 2005; Wilkerson & Bellini, 2006). This propensity is associated to the execution of administrative tasks (e.g., Bardhoshi, Schweinle, & Duncan, 2014), usually prescribed by school principals. The purpose of the current study was to elaborate and validate a predictive model of school counselors’ burnout in Quebec. Our model posits that the perception of daily performed tasks at work –guidance and counseling activities and administrative tasks – as well as years of experience would influence the experience of OIS which would in turn predict counselor’s burnout. Results from structural equation modeling revealed that burnout and the emotional exhaustion dimension are positively predicted by OIS and the latter is negatively predicted by guidance and counselling activities, and positively predicted by administrative tasks. In addition, guidance and counseling activities indirectly and negatively predicts burnout and emotional exhaustion. Burnout is also indirectly and positively predicted by administrative work. Hence, it seems crucial to investigate counselors’ identity and burnout struggles in order to promote a more favorable work environment that can foster a good mental health. Keywords: school counselors, burnout, occupational identity suffering, administrative work, guidance and counseling activities
Le, Pain Isabelle. "Difficultés émotionnelles et relations professionnelles : portrait de l'expérience des intervenants en protection de l'enfance." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/40076.
Full textThis research aimed to better understand the emotional difficulties (depression, anxiety, burnout, etc.) of Quebec’s child welfare clinicians and to explore the impact of these difficulties on their professional relationships (with the children and their families, colleagues and managers). By highlighting their subjective experience and experiential knowledge, the research allows to explain the emotional difficulties in a work context outside of the dominant psychiatric and psychological perspective. A sociological framework based on the concept of emotional labor as well as the clinical sociology theories of work was developed. This conceptual perspective shed’s light and articulates the contextual, organizational and individual factors that impact emotional difficulties experienced by clinicians in a child welfare setting. The research methodology is qualitative, based on semi-directed interviews at the CISSS and a CIUSSS from two different administrative geographic regions in the Québec province. The population sample is composed of thirty-one psychosocial clinicians (Professional Social Workers, Criminologists, Psychoeducators and Bachelor Professional Psychologists) working in child welfare organizations. The research results demonstrate that there are three (3) main protection factors at work (organizational mandate, work diversity, peers relations). Furthermore, the following factors were identified as impacting their emotional difficulties; three (3) contextual factors, nineteen (19) organizational factors and four (4) individual factors. From these categories two of them are structural as therefore external to individual control. As a result, targeting individual factors to explain clinicians emotional difficulties restricts the possibility of modifying their situation. Specifically, participants identified that the latest health care reform including the CISSS and CIUSSS service structure changes led to significant consequences that deeply affected their work organization and their clinical practice in the context of child welfare context. Also, the results show clinical functional impacts on their professional relationships. Negative impacts on their relationships with families and children were reported by all clinicians (decrease of intensity in service delivery, hurtful relationships with clients, lack of empathy and helpful relationship, decrease of work quality and objective and analytical abilities of clinicians). For 90% of the participants, emotional difficulties had negative impact on their relationships with their managers (anger, frustration, trustfulness, avoidance and lack of confidence) and 68% with their colleagues (isolation and withdrawal, negative emotional contamination, decrease in collaboration and lack of mutual aid). Overall, this research demonstrates the importance of protecting clinicians in a children protection mandate. Also, it shows that the emotional work that clinicians must produce, according to the requirements of the institutions involved (employer, academia and professional orders) is at the of all professional relationships in a child welfare context. This research allows in this regard to highlight the favorable conditions of emotional work, which can act as a protective filter in child welfare services. The research also allows, finally, to extend the typology of emotional work.
Robert, Joanie. "Les règles qui encadrent l'expression des émotions entre collègues de travail : étude de cas en centre jeunesse." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30608/30608.pdf.
Full textGingras, Marie-Ève. "La négociation du pouvoir dans le processus d'empowerment communautaire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25694/25694.pdf.
Full textSt-Hilaire, France. "Les pratiques de gestion et de travail en lien avec la santé psychologique au travail : Une étude exploratoire par approche méthodologique mixte." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29079/29079.pdf.
Full textCôté, Marie-Andrée. "Impact des nouvelles modalités d'encadrement de la psychothérapie sur les travailleurs sociaux." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28297.
Full textKirouac, Laurie. "De l'épuisement du corps à l'affaissement de soi : effets des transformations des freins et des contrepoids au travail sur la vie des individus." Thèse, Lille 3, 2012. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/4964/1/D2343.pdf.
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