Journal articles: 'Advance concrete'

1

Corkill, Alice J., Roger H. Bruning, and John A. Glover. "Advance Organizers: Concrete Versus Abstract." Journal of Educational Research 82, no. 2 (November 1988): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220671.1988.10885871.

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Suenaga, Tatsuo. "The latest advance of fiber reinforced concrete." Bulletin of the Japan Institute of Metals 28, no. 12 (1989): 952–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/materia1962.28.952.

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Liu, J., C. Yu, X. Shu, Q. Ran, and Y. Yang. "Recent advance of chemical admixtures in concrete." Cement and Concrete Research 124 (October 2019): 105834. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2019.105834.

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Ren, QingWen, LanYu Xu, and YunHui Wan. "Research advance in safety analysis methods for high concrete dam." Science in China Series E: Technological Sciences 50, S1 (October 2007): 62–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11431-007-6008-4.

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Prokopčák, Lukáš. "Design of Mechanized Concrete Processes." Advanced Materials Research 1020 (October 2014): 888–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1020.888.

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The objective of any construction work is defined as the optimal use of resources, it is focused on building efficiency, so as to ensure quality in reaching the minimum construction costs and ensure environmental protection, safety at work. The building production is affected by many factors. With some we can count, but we cannot predict some for certain in advance. The essential precondition for successful implementation of a construction is thorough and timely preparation of pre-production and production engineering (technology designing), which provides for the effective implementation of the works.

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Zhou, Ming Ru, Hao Jie Zhang, Ying He, Zhao Feng Ding, and Xing Zhou Luo. "Mixed Composite Frostproof Pumping Agent Winter of Common Concrete Construction Quality Monitoring and Research." Applied Mechanics and Materials 99-100 (September 2011): 768–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.99-100.768.

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Combining with a large number of concrete test and the moving reconstruction project of Qingyang petrochemical about three million tons, by adjusting “advance maintenance time”, monitor and research on the construction quality of mixed composite pumping antifreeze ordinary concrete in winter. Then provide reference and theoretical basis for construction of this winter antifreeze mixed composite pumping concrete.

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Zhao, Xin Tong, and Xin Sheng Yin. "Study on a New Kind of Pile-Stinging Prestressed Concrete Pipe Pile." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 246–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.246.

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This article offers a new style of pipe pilestinging prestressed concrete pipe pile on the basis of the prestressed concrete pipe pile. The document introduces the construction technology. At first, reserve holes in pile in advance, then press concrete blocks into the soil throughout the holes by workers or construction equipments. The author also carried on the finite element analysis, established a common prestressed concrete pipe pile model PZ and a stinging prestressed concrete pipe pile model CZ. The results showed the value of bearing capacity of CZ increased by 9 %comparing with PZ.

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Liao, Yi Ping, Heng Shan Wu, and Ling Zhi Yi. "The Enhancement Effect of Hydrated Lime on Glassphalt Concrete." Applied Mechanics and Materials 670-671 (October 2014): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.670-671.423.

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Adding the glass will make the cohesion property of HMA (Hot Mix Asphalt) worse. we often improve the antistrip performance of conventional HMA by the means of adding hydrated lime. In this article, we compare the effect of two different patterns of adding hydrated lime. The test reveals that: replacing the mineral power with hydrated lime can improve the overall performance of mix; With respect to mixing the hydrated lime with asphalt in advance, the water stability of concrete increase more, if the mineral power is replaced by equivalent; Although it can’t do a favor to the mix’s low temperature performance, mixing the hydrated lime with asphalt in advance can significantly improve the high temperature performance, it can be used in high temperature region while it rains rarely.

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9

Biruk, Sławomir. "Dispatching concrete trucks using simulation method." Budownictwo i Architektura 14, no. 2 (June 9, 2015): 005–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1638.

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Ready mixed concrete (RMC) is the primary material required for buildings and public infrastructure work. RMC is produced to meet customer’s demands and its deliveries must conform to construction site and technological operating constraints – the material cannot be prepared in advance and stored. Concrete production scheduling and truck dispatching is mainly handled manually by experienced RMC batching plants staff. The paper presents simulation model which can be used to asses alternative strategies for truck allocation and production planning in stochastic environment. The models’ operation is illustrated by a notional case – the model prompted solutions of improved transhipment efficiency and reduced plant operating cost under assumed operating constraints.

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Han, Jian Qiang, and Jian Ya Zhang. "Joint’s Connected Forms of Prefabricated Concrete Frame Structure." Applied Mechanics and Materials 256-259 (December 2012): 811–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.256-259.811.

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With the advance of China's urbanization, the quantity and quality requirements for residential buildings are getting higher and higher, the housing industry is an important way to promote China's urbanization. The prefabricated concrete structures of the technical development and promotion is an important means to achieve housing industry .And to research a reasonable form of beam-column connection is the top priority of the prefabricated concrete structures research and promotion. This paper summarizes the recent year’s domestic prefabricated concrete frame structure beam-column connection form and seismic performance.

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11

Talukdar, Sudip, Nemkumar Banthia, and John R. Grace. "Modelling the effects of structural cracking on carbonation front advance into concrete." International Journal of Structural Engineering 6, no. 1 (2015): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijstructe.2015.068000.

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Asamoah, Richard Oduro, John Solomon Ankrah, Kofi Offei-Nyako, and Ernest Osei Tutu. "Cost Analysis of Precast and Cast-in-Place Concrete Construction for Selected Public Buildings in Ghana." Journal of Construction Engineering 2016 (October 26, 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8785129.

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The construction industry in Ghana is becoming efficient in the area of cost and achieving advance technologies. The effective management of cost enables clients, developers, and facilitators to achieve value for money. Concrete is a major component in every construction project. The use of precast concrete technology has been embraced by the construction industry in Ghana. This study seeks to analyze cost estimating of the structural frame (column and slab) by considering cast-in-place and precast concrete slabs and columns, respectively. Relative importance and Kendall’s concordance agreement were used to determine the rankings and agreement of advantages of using precast concrete. The study established that precast concrete slabs were on average 23.22% cheaper than the cast-in-place concrete elements and precast columns were averagely 21.4% less than cast-in-place concrete columns. The study established that professionals prefer the use of precast concrete products because of the life cycle cost.

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13

Mei, Peng, and Zhan Zhou. "Homoclinic Solutions for a Higher Order ϕc-Laplacian Difference Equation Containing Both Advance and Retardation." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (October 17, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3624842.

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We consider a 2mth-order nonlinear difference equation containing both advance and retardation with ϕc-Laplacian. Using the critical point theory, some new and concrete criteria for the existence of homoclinic solutions with mixed nonlinearities are obtained.

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14

Schneider, U., G. Scherpke, and S. W. Chen. "Zusammenhang zwischen Gewichtsverlust, Festigkeitsabfall und Einlagerungsdauer beim lösenden Ammoniumnitratangriff auf hochfesten Beton / The relation between loss of weight and strength of high strength concrete during the storage in NH4NO3-solution." Restoration of Buildings and Monuments 3, no. 4 (August 1, 1997): 371–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rbm-1997-5195.

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Abstract In this report the behaviour of cementitious materials especially high performance concrete under the attack of ammoniumnitrate solutions is described. From the experimental data concerning the loss of weight and strength of concrete specimens under the chemical attack simple formulas were derived. The formulas enable the estimation of the effect of an chemical attack by solution on cementitious materials. Further within the range of data the duration of experimental programs can be determined in advance.

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15

Kim, Jae Hong, Jin Hyun Lee, Tae Yong Shin, and Jin Young Yoon. "Rheological Method for Alpha Test Evaluation of Developing Superplasticizers’ Performance: Channel Flow Test." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4214086.

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Advance in high-range water-reducing admixture revolutionizes the workability and constructability of conventional vibrated concrete as well as self-consolidating concrete. Its need from construction fields has increased, and consequently a variety of new-type polycarboxylates, base polymers for the admixture, are being formulated in these days. Synthesizing new polymers needs a quick, but reliable, test to evaluate its performance on concrete. The test is also asked for selecting the best applicable brand of them before a test concrete will be mixed. This paper proposes a “channel flow test” and its usage for the purpose. The proposed procedure for the test includes the mix proportion of a test mortar, the test method, and rheological interpretation of the test results.

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Hao, Yan E., and Yong Qiang Lan. "Analysis on Setting Joints Technology in the Concrete Structure Buildings." Advanced Materials Research 971-973 (June 2014): 2052–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.971-973.2052.

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If reasonable joint is set in the design and construction of concrete structure buildings in advance as required, it can not only avoid or alleviate structural cracking and guarantee the quality of engineering construction, but also be good to improve the structural integrality and durability and lengthen service life of the buildings. This paper states the main types and functions of joints in the design and construction of reinforced concrete structure buildings. Then the major forms of setting joint technology are analyzed and discussed so as to provide references for relevant engineering technicians.

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17

Alhazmi, Hatem, Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah, and Muhammad Aamir Basheer. "Performance Evaluation of Road Pavement Green Concrete: An Application of Advance Decision-Making Approach before Life Cycle Assessment." Coatings 11, no. 1 (January 11, 2021): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11010074.

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Rigid pavement structures are one of the costly components of the infrastructure development process. It consumes a huge quantity of ingredients necessary for concrete development. Hence, a newly introduced concept of circular economy in combination with waste management was introduced to solve this problem. In this study, three waste products (rice husk ash (RHA), wood sawdust (WSD), and processes waste tea (PWT)) was utilized to develop the concrete for rigid pavement structures by replacing the sand, i.e., a filler material at different percentages. During the testing procedure of compressive (CS), tensile (TS), and flexural strength (FS) properties, RHA and WSD at 5% replacement were found to be a good replacement of sand to develop required concrete. This study will help in the production of eco-friendly rigid pavement structures and a pathway of life cycle assessment in the future.

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Alhazmi, Hatem, Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah, and Muhammad Aamir Basheer. "Performance Evaluation of Road Pavement Green Concrete: An Application of Advance Decision-Making Approach before Life Cycle Assessment." Coatings 11, no. 1 (January 11, 2021): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11010074.

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Rigid pavement structures are one of the costly components of the infrastructure development process. It consumes a huge quantity of ingredients necessary for concrete development. Hence, a newly introduced concept of circular economy in combination with waste management was introduced to solve this problem. In this study, three waste products (rice husk ash (RHA), wood sawdust (WSD), and processes waste tea (PWT)) was utilized to develop the concrete for rigid pavement structures by replacing the sand, i.e., a filler material at different percentages. During the testing procedure of compressive (CS), tensile (TS), and flexural strength (FS) properties, RHA and WSD at 5% replacement were found to be a good replacement of sand to develop required concrete. This study will help in the production of eco-friendly rigid pavement structures and a pathway of life cycle assessment in the future.

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19

Martínez-Barrera, Gonzalo, Carmina Menchaca-Campos, Susana Hernández-López, Enrique Vigueras-Santiago, and Witold Brostow. "Concrete reinforced with irradiated nylon fibers." Journal of Materials Research 21, no. 2 (February 1, 2006): 484–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2006.0058.

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Polymeric fibers have been used since the 1980s for improvement of the concrete. However, high mechanical performance has been obtained at high cost and using complex technologies. At least two parameters are important here: dimensions and surface characteristics of the fibers. We have modified nylon 6,12 fiber surfaces by 5, 10, 50, and 100 kGy gamma irradiation dosages. Tensile strength of the irradiated fibers was determined and then the fibers mixed at 1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5% in volume with Portland cement, gravel, sand, and water. The compressive strength of the fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) was evaluated and the results were compared with results for similar materials reported before. The highest values of the compressive strength of FRC are seen for fibers at 50 kGy and 2.0% in volume of fiber; the strength is 122.2 MPa, as compared to 35 MPa for simple concrete without fibers. We advance a mechanism by which the fiber structure can be affected by gamma irradiation resulting in the compressive strength improvement of the concrete.

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20

SANTOS, B. S., D. D. M. ALBUQUERQUE, and D. V. RIBEIRO. "Effect of the addition of metakaolin on the carbonation of Portland cement concretes." Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais 13, no. 1 (February 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952020000100002.

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Abstract Carbonation has been a concern of constructors and researchers because, by lowering the pH of the interstitial solution of the concrete, it can favor the post-deposition and subsequent corrosion of reinforced concrete reinforcement. Among the factors that influence carbonation is the use of pozzolanic materials, such as metakaolin. However, there is no consensus as to the positive or negative contribution of these additions. This work evaluated the influence of metakaolin on the mechanical properties, porosity and in particular on the carbonation of concrete, from the addition of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% of metakaolin, in relation to the cement mass. From the results, it was observed that the addition of metakaolin, while not significantly influencing the porosity, gave the concrete a greater resistance to axial compression, a decrease in the capillary absorption and delayed the advance of the carbonation front in the concrete.

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21

M. Najem, Huda. "Influence of Concrete Strength on the Cycle Performance of Composite Steel Plate Shear Walls." DJES 11, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24237/djes.2018.11401.

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The goal behind this research is to highlight on structural system using composite steel plate shear wall, this approach is widely used in many countries, due to its desired features. Composite steel plate shear wall are often considered essential in design of building to resist seismic action. This paper discuss the effect of concrete strength on behavior of CSPW, for this objective one story one bay model with different compressive strength (25, 28 , 45, 50, 55, 65)MPa ,this model formed by finite element code which is advanced by university of Amirkabir. The accuracy of the representation of the model by numerical analysis, numerical result contrast with valid experiment which explain suitable agreement. Result show increasing the compressive strength would advance the cycle behavior. By contrast the result in elastic region, it was seen initial stiffness is not enhance by varying the compressive strength.

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22

Zhu, Zitong. "Analysis of Advance with English Coursebook (Yilin Oxford Edition)." Journal of Contemporary Educational Research 5, no. 7 (July 30, 2021): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jcer.v5i7.2348.

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Teaching materials are the concrete embodiment of the course targets and contents. It is also the main medium for teachers and students to carry out teaching activities. Good language teaching materials should be used by learners at different levels in different ways. They also provide an opportunity for teachers to form or create their unique teaching styles. Therefore, the analysis of English teaching materials is particularly important. First, this article introduces the writing purposes which match the requirements of the General English Curriculum Standards and then analyzes the contents of Advance with English in listening, speaking, reading, and writing. The third part discusses the limitations of Advance with English in respect to its practical use.

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23

Zhao, Na, and A. Lin Zhang. "Prediction of Concrete Freezing Resistance under Site Environment Based on ANN." Applied Mechanics and Materials 438-439 (October 2013): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.438-439.202.

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The concrete structure in the cold area is often strengthened or demolished in advance due to freeze-thaw damage, so as to cause waste of fund and energy, therefore, the research on the prediction of concrete freezing resistance under field environment is of profound practical value. In this paper, the equivalent relation model of indoor freeze-thaw cycles is established by using RBF network and can be effectively perfected by establishment of concrete freeze-thaw test and test database and data accumulation. On one hand, the establishment of this model can provide a solution for researches on the concrete freezing resistance under field environment and some guidance for the freezing resistance design, construction, late maintenance management and durability evaluation of concrete works. On the other hand, it can also provide references for establishment and management of experimental database and engineering field database to lay a foundation for the further research on the freezing resistance of hydraulic structure in the cold area.

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Lu, Jiezhi, Yaoting Zhang, Habib Muhammad, and Zhijun Chen. "Peridynamic Model for the Numerical Simulation of Anchor Bolt Pullout in Concrete." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8412620.

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Predictive simulation of anchor pullout from concrete structures is not only a serious problem in structural mechanics but also very important in structural design safety. In the finite element method (FEM), the crack paths or the points of crack initiation usually need to be assumed in advance. Otherwise, some special crack growth treatment or adaptive remeshing algorithm is normally used. In this paper, an extended peridynamic method was introduced to avoid the difficulties found in FEM, and its application on anchor bolt pullout in plain concrete is studied. In the analysis, the interaction between the anchor bolt and concrete is represented by a modified short-range force and an extended bond-level model for concrete is developed. Numerical analysis results indicate that the peak pullout load obtained and the crack branching of the anchoring system agreed well with the experimental investigations.

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25

Goldstein, Jeff. "Can a summit advance the OSCE's work in the Human Dimension?" Security and Human Rights 21, no. 2 (2010): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187502310791305855.

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AbstractKazakhstan's key goal for its chairmanship is to host an OSCE summit in 2010. In order for a summit to advance the Organization's human dimension work, Kazakhstan must first take concrete steps to improve its own human rights record. A summit should reaffirm the participating States' existing human dimension commitments, and their intent to address European security in a comprehensive manner, including compliance with OSCE norms in all three dimensions. It should also demonstrate the Organization's ability to address new human dimension challenges by starting the process of creating OSCE norms regarding the Internet.

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Shafei, Behrouz, Maziar Kazemian, Michael Dopko, and Meysam Najimi. "State-of-the-Art Review of Capabilities and Limitations of Polymer and Glass Fibers Used for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete." Materials 14, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14020409.

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The concrete industry has long been adding discrete fibers to cementitious materials to compensate for their (relatively) low tensile strengths and control possible cracks. Extensive past studies have identified effective strategies to mix and utilize the discrete fibers, but as the fiber material properties advance, so do the properties of the cementitious composites made with them. Thus, it is critical to have a state-of-the-art understanding of not only the effects of individual fiber types on various properties of concrete, but also how those properties are influenced by changing the fiber type. For this purpose, the current study provides a detailed review of the relevant literature pertaining to different fiber types considered for fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) applications with a focus on their capabilities, limitations, common uses, and most recent advances. To achieve this goal, the main fiber properties that are influential on the characteristics of cementitious composites in the fresh and hardened states are first investigated. The study is then extended to the stability of the identified fibers in alkaline environments and how they bond with cementitious matrices. The effects of fiber type on the workability, pre- and post-peak mechanical properties, shrinkage, and extreme temperature resistance of the FRC are explored as well. In offering holistic comparisons, the outcome of this study provides a comprehensive guide to properly choose and utilize the benefits of fibers in concrete, facilitating an informed design of various FRC products.

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Zhu, H. B., P. M. Wang, G. T. Yan, C. S. Wang, Y. S. Cheng, and L. M. Wu. "A Novel Technique for Crack Resistance of Bulk Mass Concrete Pier." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 1719–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.1719.

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The bulk mass concrete pier is esay to crack because of higher temperature contrast between inner and outer of concrete. Experimentation use admixtures to replace some of cement so as to low the hydration heat. Fly ash can decrease more hydration heat than granulated blast furnace slag. If 40 percent of cement in weight is replaced by same amount of blend admixture of fly ash and granulated blast furnace slag, not only the compression strength can meet the requirement of engineering design, but also the hydration heat reduce a lot. Meanwhile, this paper develops a novel lining fabric especially for concrete steel formwork to advance water-retaining property and warm-keeping efficiency, and to distract shrinkage stress by ways of veins of fabric. Because of developed lining fabric and optimized mixture in this paper, the cracking problem of bulk mass concrete pier is avoided.

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Henriksen, Thomas, Stephen Lo, and Ulrich Knaack. "A new method to advance complex geometry thin-walled glass fibre reinforced concrete elements." Journal of Building Engineering 6 (June 2016): 243–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2016.04.002.

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Waty, Mega, and Hendrik Sulistio. "Identification of Advance Risks to Sources and Causes of Material Waste in Road Construction Projects." MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL 26, no. 1 (July 30, 2020): 104–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/mkts.v26i1.21817.

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Early risk identification of the sources and causes of waste material for road construction projects has been carried out, and the research continues to carry out further risk identification which then becomes the final risk identification. Description and validity tests and reliability tests were carried out to obtain further risk identification. Each source variable and indicator of the cause of material waste in each material is differentfrom one another because each has a difference. The results of continued identification resulted in: 1) ready mix concrete has eight variables of waste material sources and 21 indicators of material waste causes, 2) lean concrete has seven variables of waste material sources and 18 indicators of material waste causes, 3) aggregate B has seven variables of waste material sources and 12 indicators of material waste causes, 4) landfill has eight variables of material waste sources and 26 indicators of material waste causes, 5) cement has seven variables of material waste sources and 31 indicators of material waste.

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Yoon, Hye Jin, Won Jong Chin, Hee Seok Kim, and Young Jin Kim. "A Development of Innovative Slip-Form System for Concrete Pylons." Key Engineering Materials 627 (September 2014): 413–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.627.413.

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This study developed the innovative slip-form system for the construction of concrete pylons. The slip-up time of the slip-form is determined by estimating the compressive strength from surface wave velocity by the device attached to the slip form. GPS and tiltmeter are applied to secure the precise construction quality. The design of the slip form is verified in advance by BIM to validate its applicability through virtual assembly and construction. A slip form system is fabricated and mockup test is conducted to verify the performances of the developed techniques through the construction of a 10 m-high pylon with hollow section.

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Hu, Yu Ming, and Chuan Liang. "Calculation of Temperature Rise of Mass Concrete and Modification of Formula." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 742–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.742.

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With the continuous improvement of China’s construction technology, the application of mass concrete structures is increasingly popular in various structures in order to meet the requirements of structure and function, such as tall buildings, dams, railways and highways. There are all kinds of cracks in construction process because of the big cross section. There are many reasons to form cracks, but temperature is the most common cause. It is vital to the construction quality of mass concrete that the hydration heat, especially the peak value of temperature rise, is calculated in advance and precautions are implement in construction process accordingly. In this article, the calculation formula modified is derived through analyzing the common calculation formulas of mass concrete, the actual measurement results and the influencing factors of temperature rise.

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Zhao, Kao Zhong, Jian Feng Li, and Feng Wang. "Experimental Study on Local Compression of Concrete-filled Glass Fiber Reinforced Gypsum Wall Panel." Advanced Materials Research 671-674 (March 2013): 668–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.671-674.668.

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The concrete-filled glass fiber reinforced gypsum wall panel is a kind of panel that the inside cavums of the glass fiber hollow gypsum panel is filled with concrete. The experimental results indicate that the concrete-filled glass fiber reinforced gypsum wall panel which has a better performance of the force and can be used to be the bearing wall of a building can form a novel structural system. When the beams supporting the wall panels, the wall panels which under the beams is in local state of compression. It were gained that when the wall panels are in the local compression state , local pressure loads are primarily borne by the concrete core columns and fiber gypsum board will damage in advance through the eighteen experimental wall panel specimens which in local compression. The test results show that the final destruction of the concrete is caused by being crushed and the contribution of the gypsum wall panel to local compression bearing is small. Compressive stress can only spread in the local loading on concrete core columns, cannot be expanded into an adjacent stud. Finally, the local compression bearing capacity calculation formula of the concrete-filled glass fiber reinforced gypsum wall panel is obtained by analysis of the test results.

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33

Myers, John J., and Ramon L. Carrasquillo. "Influence of Hydration Temperature on Durability and Mechanical Property Performance of Prestressed and Precast High-Performance Concrete Beams." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1696, no. 1 (January 2000): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1696-16.

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Concrete technology has continued to advance throughout the years to meet the demands of designers and innovative structural systems. With the advent of high-performance concrete (HPC), which contains large amounts of cementitious materials, the investigation of the impact of concrete temperature development during hydration on concrete performance is of keen interest. Match-curing technology was used to investigate the influence of concrete temperature development during hydration on the mechanical and material property performance of prestressed and precast HPC beams. These members were fabricated for use in two recently constructed HPC bridges in Texas. The investigation was conducted in conjunction with the design, instrumentation, and construction of the Louetta Road Overpass in Houston, Texas, and the North Concho River US-87 and South Orient Railroad Overpass in San Angelo, Texas. FHWA and the Texas Department of Transportation cosponsored these projects as part of the Strategic Highway Research Program to stimulate the use of HPC and to demonstrate the suitability of HPC in highway structures. The results of the study indicated that for HPCs that contain large amounts of cementitious materials, the concrete temperature during hydration can have a dramatic impact on both the mechanical and the material (durability) performance of the concrete. Temperature recommendations are provided to avoid less than optimal concrete performance on the basis of the member shapes and mix designs investigated in the study.

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Pérez López, Tezozomoc, M. R. Sosa, V. M. J. Moo-Yam, E. Chávez, and J. T. Pérez-Quiroz. "Analysis of the concrete-steel interface exposed to the outdoor environment and immersed in natural seawater." Revista ALCONPAT 8, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21041/ra.v8i1.203.

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The electrochemical behavior in reinforced concrete elements without and with additión of sodium chloride (NaCl) in the mixing water, in exposed in a marine/tropical environment was evaluated. The monitoring consisted in measuring corrosión potential (Ecorr), carbonatión front advance (xCO2) and photographic record of the concrete/steel interface at different stages of the exposure time period. In the outdoor exposure it was observed that the additión of NaCl in the mixing water favored the advancement of carbonatión, without showing the beginning of corrosión. The presence of chloride was determinant in the beginning and development of the process of corrosión, as much in exposure to the intemperie as in immersión.

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35

Hokes, Filip, Jiri Kala, and Ivan Nemec. "Video analysis of response of reinforced concrete beam to impact loading during drop test." MATEC Web of Conferences 310 (2020): 00049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202031000049.

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A response of concrete and reinforced concrete structures to very rapid dynamic loading shows an increase of both tensile and compressive strength. This behaviour is also accompanied by an increase of stiffness of the structure. Described response can be numerically simulated only with adequate viscous nonlinear material model of concrete. The problem of these simulations is based not only on a necessity of a derivation of the right material model but also on viscous parameters whose values are not known in advance. The proposed article deals with experimental research of the response of the reinforced concrete beam exposed to impact loading during drop test. The beam response was measured with conventional strain gauges and accelerometers and whole experiment was recorded with 1000 frames per second by slow motion camera. Measured values of vertical acceleration were then compared with results of software analysis of slow-motion video footage. The paper contains the description of the experimental research, the comparison of conventional measurements with video analysis and the simulated response of the specimen in the software based on the finite element method using the viscous material model of concrete.

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Mudgal, Manish, Ramesh Kumar Chouhan, Sarika Verma, Sudhir Sitaram Amritphale, Satyabrata Das, and Arvind Shrivastva. "Development of advanced, non-toxic, synthetic radiation shielding aggregate." Radiochimica Acta 106, no. 1 (January 26, 2018): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ract-2016-2715.

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AbstractFor the first time in the world, the capability of red mud waste has been explored for the development of advanced synthetic radiation shielding aggregate. Red mud, an aluminium industry waste consists of multi component, multi elemental characteristics. In this study, red mud from two different sources have been utilized. Chemical formulation and mineralogical designing of the red mud has been done by ceramic processing using appropriate reducing agent and additives. The chemical analysis, SEM microphotographs and XRD analysis confirms the presence of multi-component, multi shielding and multi-layered phases in both the different developed advance synthetic radiation shielding aggregate. The mechanical properties, namely aggregate impact value, aggregate crushing value and aggregate abrasion value have also been evaluated and was compared with hematite ore aggregate and found to be an excellent material useful for making advanced radiation shielding concrete for the construction of nuclear power plants and other radiation installations.

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Langer, William H. "The ShakeOut Scenario: Meeting the Needs for Construction Aggregates, Asphalt, and Concrete." Earthquake Spectra 27, no. 2 (May 2011): 505–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.3570679.

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An Mw 7.8 earthquake as described in the ShakeOut Scenario would cause significant damage to buildings and infrastructure. Over 6 million tons of newly mined aggregate would be used for emergency repairs and for reconstruction in the five years following the event. This aggregate would be applied mostly in the form of concrete for buildings and bridges, asphalt or concrete for pavement, and unbound gravel for applications such as base course that goes under highway pavement and backfilling for foundations and pipelines. There are over 450 aggregate, concrete, and asphalt plants in the affected area, some of which would be heavily damaged. Meeting the increased demand for construction materials would require readily available permitted reserves, functioning production facilities, a supply of cement and asphalt, a source of water, gas, and electricity, and a trained workforce. Prudent advance preparations would facilitate a timely emergency response and reconstruction following such an earthquake.

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Chang, William. "CREDIT UNION SEBAGAI GERAKAN SOSIAL." Jurnal Ledalero 13, no. 2 (September 3, 2017): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.31385/jl.v13i2.72.219-238.

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As a social movement, Credit Unions (CU) display the social, economic and cultural strength of little people. In line with contemporary developments and the advance of modern technology, the management of CUs needs to be monitored, evaluated and adapted to the social, economic and political situation that is continually changing. Nevertheless, in the midst of change the values of the CU are perennial and are very much needed in the movement. After looking at the founding and development, strengthens and weaknesses of the CU, this essay advances concrete steps for handling them. <b>Kata-kata kunci:</b> CU, gerakan sosial, kesejahteraan, pembudayaan nilai-nilai, keadilan, kearifan, keberanian, kejujuran dan tanggungjawab, tantangan-tantangan CU.

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Samora, M. S., A. C. DOS Santos, L. M. Trautwein, and M. G. Marques. "Experimental analysis of the concrete contribution to shear strength beams without shear reinforcement." Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais 10, no. 1 (February 2017): 160–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952017000100008.

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Abstract There are many theories and empirical formulas for estimating the shear strength of reinforced concrete structures without transverse reinforcement. The security factor of any reinforced concrete structure, against a possible collapse, is that it does not depend on the tensile strength of the concrete and the formation of any collapse is ductile, thus giving advance warning. The cracking from tensile stress can cause breakage of the concrete and should be avoided at all cost, with the intent that any such breakage does not incur any type of failure within the structure. In the present research study, experiments were performed in order to analyze the complementary mechanisms of the shear strength of lattice beams of reinforced concrete frames without transverse reinforcement. The experimental program entails the testing of eight frames that were subjected to a simple bending process. Two concrete resistance classes for analyzing compressive strength were considered on the construction of frames, 20 MPa and 40 MPa. To resist the bending stresses, the beams of the frames are designed in domain 3 of the ultimate limit states. Different rates and diameters of longitudinal reinforcement were used, 1.32% and 1.55% with 12.5 mm diameter and 16.0 mm in longitudinal tensile reinforcement. From the obtained results, an analysis was made of the criteria already proposed for defining the norms pertinent to the portion of relevant contribution for the shear resistance mechanisms of concrete without the use of transverse reinforcement and the influence of the concrete resistance and longitudinal reinforcement rates established in the experimental numerical results.

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Chen, Hong, Wei Luo, Fengbing Zhao, Wei Lu, and Hao Peng. "Research on Node Connection Scheme of a New Type of Steel-Concrete Composite Structure." E3S Web of Conferences 283 (2021): 01018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128301018.

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Based on the research and exploration of the construction process of the steel reinforced concrete composite structure, this paper summarizes a set of systematic improvement methods for the design and construction of the section steel concrete composite structure. This method first improves the construction method of node connection. Splicing plates are staggered at the beam end to reduce the number of bolts. The BIM technology is employed to build a three-dimensional model to optimize the construction layout of the core area of the steel composite structure. In addition, the precise positioning of beams, columns, splicing plates, stiffeners, bolts, and welds can be obtained in advance. Therefore, the whole process of visualized construction can be realized to reduce construction cost and improve construction efficiency.

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Chen, Hai Bin, Nan Ge, and Yan Pu Zhang. "Seismic Performance on Reinforced Concrete Frame Joints of Open Set Corner Floor." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 1766–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.1766.

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Quasi-static analysis of in-situ reinforced concrete frame joints is done by using finite element software ADINA. The calculation results of the ordinary beam-column joints and the surrounding floor located Corner joints are compared. It is shown that near the beam ribbed slab reinforcement stress significantly increases with the loading displacement increasing, indicating that the floor enhance the flexural capacity of beam. On the conditions of no influence the joint strength, floor set corner can be partially weakened the capacity of the beam flexural, and reinforcement of beams yield significantly in advance. When the beam reinforcement yield, the column of concrete cracks have also been reduced. Meanwhile, the beam-end and column-end plastic hinge appears increase the time interval, so that the joints are closer to the characteristics of the beam hinge mechanisms by the earthquake damage.

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Paulsen, Krista E. "Making Character Concrete: Empirical Strategies for Studying Place Distinction." City & Community 3, no. 3 (September 1, 2003): 243–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1535-6841.2004.00080.x.

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Actors orient themselves toward places based not only on major distinctions—coastal versus inland, large city versus small town—but based on a subtler and seemingly ineffable set of qualities, including meanings associated with place and patterns in local life. This article suggests that to understand how locality matters, we must not merely describe place in broad terms, but come to understand how material and symbolic aspects of place work together to direct activity on the ground. Place character is offered as a conceptual tool for understanding how qualities of place combine and influence local patterns in meaning and action. This article outlines strategies that can aid in uncovering just what constitutes a place's character by identifying understandings associated with specific locales and the social and material realities that provide the bases for these understandings. It also suggests approaches that reveal how character works to shape local action. Classic and contemporary studies are called on to elaborate the precedents and stakes of conducting this research and illustrate how the four research strategies presented here can be used. Concluding remarks suggest how researching place character might advance substantive understandings of situated social action.

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Wu, Xian Lei, Jian Jun Shi, and Zhi Shan. "New Advance of the Rheological Properties Test of Fresh Self-Compacting Concrete Based on V-Funnel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 3776–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.3776.

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This template is mainly about the analysis of mechanical property of SCC in a flow state in the V-Funnel. It aims to establish the testing formula of rheological constants by Engineering Fluid Mechanics, which can provide academic basis for V-Funnel test of SCC properties. MATLAB image process technique was introduced in the process which can greatly improve its precision and reliability. It can also provide a new train of thought to experimental data.

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Wan, Peng, Xiaoyan Lei, Bin Xu, and Hui Song. "A Strain Rate-Dependent Damage Evolution Model for Concrete Based on Experimental Results." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (May 19, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6643263.

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There are various definitions of damage variables from the existing damage models. The calculated damage value by the current methods still could not well correspond to the actual damage value. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a damage evolution model corresponding to the actual damage evolution. In this paper, a strain rate-sensitive isotropic damage model for plain concrete is proposed to describe its nonlinear behavior. Cyclic uniaxial compression tests were conducted on concrete samples at three strain rates of 10−3s−1, 10−4s−1, and 10−5s−1, respectively, and ultrasonic wave measurements were made at specified strain values during the loading progress. A damage variable was defined using the secant and initial moduli, and concrete damage evolution was then studied using the experimental results of the cyclic uniaxial compression tests conducted at the different strain rates. A viscoelastic stress-strain relationship, which considered the proposed damage evolution model, was presented according to the principles of irreversible thermodynamics. The model results agreed well with the experiment and indicated that the proposed damage evolution model can accurately characterize the development of macroscopic mechanical weakening of concrete. A damage-coupled viscoelastic constitutive relationship of concrete was recommended. It was concluded that the model could not only characterize the stress-strain response of materials under one-dimensional compressive load but also truly reflect the degradation law of the macromechanical properties of materials. The proposed damage model will advance the understanding of the failure process of concrete materials.

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Benakli, S., Y. Bouafia, M. Oudjene, K. Benyahi, and A. Hamri. "New Approach for Simulating Reinforced Concrete Walls in Quasi-static Loading." Civil Engineering Journal 6, no. 12 (November 30, 2020): 2352–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2020-03091622.

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The main objective of this article is to apply a simplified model to simulate the overall behavior of a reinforced concrete wall without the need to explicitly represent the reinforcing bars in the model nor the progressive degradations of the concrete in tension. The model takes into account the fictitious laws of the material, in order to estimate the capacity of the studied model and its performance to simulate the complex behavior of concrete. The law of the fictitious behavior of reinforced concrete tie rods is based on the shape of the adhesion curve between steel and concrete. Relationships covering the cracking stage up to the elastic limit of steel are proposed according to the properties of concrete and steel materials, the percentage of steel. An analytical computational model is then implemented in the Matlab programming language. Necessary transformations for the integration of the law of fictitious average behavior of steel in the Abaqus software were carried out thus making it possible to make a considerable advance from the point of view of validation of the developed law. The general formulation of the tension law applies to sections where the reinforcements are distributed so that the resistance of the entire section is mobilized. Hence the need to introduce an effective area around the rebars for the application of the fictitious tension law to reinforced concrete walls. Numerical simulations have been validated using an example of reinforced concrete wall subjected to a quasi-static loading. Load-displacement responses are compared and the numerical results approaches well the experimental one. By using the law of the fictitious diagram of the concrete and by defining the effective tensile zone of the wall, the model makes it possible to save a considerable time of calculation compared to a traditional calculation in EF on Abaqus. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091622 Full Text: PDF

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HANKIVSKY, OLENA. "Rethinking Care Ethics: On the Promise and Potential of an Intersectional Analysis." American Political Science Review 108, no. 2 (April 10, 2014): 252–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055414000094.

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This article contributes to current debates and discussions in critical social theory about diversity, inclusion/exclusion, power, and social justice by exploring intersectionality as an important theoretical resource to further develop and advance care ethics. Using intersectionality as a critical reference point, the investigation highlights two key shortcomings of care ethics which stem from this ethics’ prioritization of gender and gendered power relations: inadequate conceptualizations of diversity and power. The article draws on concrete examples related to migrant domestic work to illustrate how an intersectionality lens can advance new theoretical insights for understanding caring practices (or lack of them), and generate new methodological and practical strategies for confronting and transforming the deeply entrenched interlocking power inequities that undermine the realization of care in an increasingly complex context of national and international policy and politics.

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Ochsendorf, John. "Tile Vaulting Innovations by Rafael Guastavino Jr. and Eduardo Torroja." Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures 61, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20898/j.iass.2020.203.021.

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This paper expands on David Billington's pioneering writings on the Spanish school and demonstrates construction innovations by two important 20 th century shell builders: Rafael Guastavino Jr. (1872-1950) and Eduardo Torroja (1899-1961), who each extended traditional tile vaulting to create new possibilities. Guastavino pursued the potential of tile vaulting as a system of load-bearing structure, creating complex geometries in advance of similar innovations in concrete shells, while Torroja repeatedly used tile vaulting as an economical system of formwork for concrete shells. Though neither designer was aware of each other's work, in particular because Guastavino Jr. had immigrated to the United States from Spain before Torroja was born, their work shares a number of important similarities. Both builders demonstrate that the Spanish school of shells continues to inspire designers today.

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Yin, Dong Jia, Xiong Jun He, De Quan You, and Bing Kai Liu. "Influence of Tensioning Stress to Web Cracking of Rigid Frame Bridge in Cantilever Construction." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 560–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.560.

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Cantilever construction is main mode for prestressed concrete continuous rigid frame box-girder bridges, but the diagonal cracks on web are often appeared in construction. The prestressed tension is an important part of the construction beyond doubt. This article takes a bridge under construction as the background to analyze the variation of stressed in the process of construction by MIDAS FEA. The result shows that the vertical steel stretch-drawn in advance has to be a consensus in future.

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Friedrichs, Jörg, and Friedrich Kratochwil. "On Acting and Knowing: How Pragmatism Can Advance International Relations Research and Methodology." International Organization 63, no. 4 (October 2009): 701–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020818309990142.

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AbstractThis article moves from deconstruction to reconstruction in research methodology. It proposes pragmatism as a way to escape from epistemological deadlock. We first show that social scientists are mistaken in their hope to obtain warranted knowledge through traditional scientific methods. We then show that pragmatism has grown from tacit commonsense to an explicit item on the agenda of the international relations discipline. We suggest that a coherent pragmatic approach consists of two elements: the recognition of knowledge generation as a social and discursive activity, and the orientation of research toward the generation of useful knowledge. To offer a concrete example of what pragmatic methodology can look like, we propose the research strategy of abduction. We assess various forms of research design to further elucidate how pragmatic research works in practice.

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Liu, Junshi, Fumin Ren, and Hongzhu Quan. "Prediction Model for Compressive Strength of Porous Concrete with Low-Grade Recycled Aggregate." Materials 14, no. 14 (July 11, 2021): 3871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143871.

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As the first batch of products after the resource utilization of construction and demolition waste, low-grade recycled aggregate (RA) has not been fully utilized, which hinders the development of the comprehensive recycling industry of construction waste. Therefore, this paper studies the mechanical properties of porous concrete (POC) with low-grade RA. An improved relationship between porosity and compressive strength of brittle, porous materials is used to express the compressive strength of POC with recycled aggregate (RPOC), and the prediction for compressive strength of porous concrete with low-grade RA is constructed by analyzing the mechanism of compressive damage. The results show: the compressive strength of porous concrete decreases with the addition of low-grade recycled aggregate, but the effect is not obvious when the replacement rate is less than 25%. The error range of the relationship between porosity and compressive strength of RPOC is basically within 15% after improvement. The prediction model for compressive strength based on the ideal sphere model of aggregate can accurately reflect the compressive strength of porous concrete with low-grade RA. The results of this study can provide a reference for the staff to learn about the functional characteristics of recycled products in advance and provide security for the actual project.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Advance concrete'

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