Academic literature on the topic 'Advanced argillic alteration'
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Journal articles on the topic "Advanced argillic alteration"
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Ali, Rinal Khaidar, Tri Winarno, and Muhammad Ainurrofiq Jamalulail. "Karakteristik Alterasi dan Mineralisasi Tipe Epitermal Daerah Gunung Budheg dan Sekitarnya, Tulungagung, Jawa Timur." EKSPLORIUM 41, no. 1 (May 30, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17146/eksplorium.2020.41.1.5676.
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ABSTRAK Penemuan bongkah-bongkah vuggy quartz di sekitar Desa Pojok, daerah Gunung Budheg, Tulungagung, Jawa Timur, mengindikasikan adanya proses endapan mineral di daerah tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membahas lebih detail karakteristik alterasi dan mineralisasi serta tipe endapan mineral di daerah penelitian. Metode penelitian berupa pengamatan lapangan dilengkapi dengan analisis laboratorium petrografi, X-ray Difraction (XRD) dan mineragrafi. Satuan batuan di daerah penelitian tersusun atas enam satuan litologi yaitu satuan intrusi dasit, satuan lava andesit, satuan breksi andesit, satuan breksi polimik, satuan batugamping terumbu dan aluvium. Tipe alterasi di daerah penelitian adalah alterasi profilitik, argilik, argilik lanjut, dan silisifikasi. Alterasi profilitik dicirikan oleh melimpahnya mineral klorit. Alterasi argilik dicirikan dengan melimpahnya mineral kaolin, sementara argilik lanjut dicirikan oleh hadirnya mineral kaolinit dan alunit. Alterasi silisifikasi yang dicirikan oleh melimpahnya mineral kuarsa. Mineral logam yang ditemukan di daerah penelitian didominasi oleh kelompok mineral sulfida seperti kovelit, kalkosit, enargit, kalkopirit, pirit, dan jarosit. Emas native ditemukan berasosiasi dengan enargit. Sistem endapan mineral pada daerah penelitian merupakan sistem epitermal sulfidasi tinggi dicirikan oleh kuarsa berongga (vuggy quartz) yang termineralisasi dan kehadiran mineral kaolin sebagai mineral hasil alterasi.ABSTRACT The discovery of vuggy quartz boulders around Pojok Village, Gunung Budheg area, Tulungagung, East Java, indicates the presence of mineral deposits process in this area. This study aims to discuss detailed characteristics of alteration and mineralization as well as mineral deposits type in the study area. The research methods are field observations completed with petrography, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and mineragraphy laboratory analysis. The rock unit in the study area consists of six lithology units, a dacitic intrusion, andesitic lava, andesitic breccia, poly-mix breccia, reef limestone, and alluvium. The study area's alteration types are profilitic alteration, argillic alteration, advanced argillic, and silicification alteration. The profilitic alteration characterized by the abundance of chlorite minerals. The argillic alteration characterized by the abundance of kaolin minerals, while the advanced argillic alteration by the presence of kaolinite and alunite minerals. The silicification alteration characterized by abundance quartz minerals. The metallic minerals dominated in the area are sulfide minerals such as covellite, chalcocite, enargite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, and jarosite. The native gold found in an association with enargite. The study area's mineral deposit system is an epithermal high sulfidation system characterized by mineralized vuggy quartz and the presence of kaolinite mineral as an alteration mineral.
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Mavrogonatos, Constantinos, Panagiotis Voudouris, Paul G. Spry, Vasilios Melfos, Stephan Klemme, Jasper Berndt, Tim Baker, et al. "Mineralogical Study of the Advanced Argillic Alteration Zone at the Konos Hill Mo–Cu–Re–Au Porphyry Prospect, NE Greece." Minerals 8, no. 11 (October 24, 2018): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min8110479.
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The Konos Hill prospect in NE Greece represents a telescoped Mo–Cu–Re–Au porphyry occurrence overprinted by deep-level high-sulfidation mineralization. Porphyry-style mineralization is exposed in the deeper parts of the system and comprises quartz stockwork veins hosted in subvolcanic intrusions of granodioritic composition. Ore minerals include pyrite, molybdenite, chalcopyrite, and rheniite. In the upper part of the system, intense hydrothermal alteration resulted in the formation of a silicified zone and the development of various advanced argillic alteration assemblages, which are spatially related to N–S, NNW–SSE, and E–W trending faults. More distal and downwards, advanced argillic alteration gradually evolves into phyllic assemblages dominated by quartz and sericite. Zunyite, along with various amounts of quartz, alunite, aluminum phosphate–sulfate minerals (APS), diaspore, kaolinite, and minor pyrophyllite, are the main minerals in the advanced argillic alteration. Mineral-chemical analyses reveal significant variance in the SiO2, F, and Cl content of zunyite. Alunite supergroup minerals display a wide compositional range corresponding to members of the alunite, beudantite, and plumbogummite subgroups. Diaspore displays an almost stoichiometric composition. Mineralization in the lithocap consists of pyrite, enargite, tetrahedrite/tennantite, and colusite. Bulk ore analyses of mineralized samples show a relative enrichment in elements such as Se, Mo, and Bi, which supports a genetic link between the studied lithocap and the underlying Konos Hill porphyry-style mineralization. The occurrence of advanced argillic alteration assemblages along the N–S, NNW–SSE, and E–W trending faults suggests that highly acidic hydrothermal fluids were ascending into the lithocap environment. Zunyite, along with diaspore, pyrophyllite, and Sr- and Rare Earth Elements-bearing APS minerals, mark the proximity of the hypogene advanced argillic alteration zone to the porphyry environment.
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Kilias, S. P., J. Naden, M. Paktsevanoglou, M. Giampouras, A. Stavropoulou, D. Apeiranthiti, I. Mitsis, Th Koutles, K. Michael, and C. Christidis. "Multistage alteration, mineralization and ore–forming fluid properties at the Viper (Sappes) Au–Cu–Ag–Te ore body, W. Thrace, Greece." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 47, no. 4 (December 21, 2016): 1635. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11007.
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The mineralogy of ore and hydrothermal alteration of the high-sulfidation enargite–Au–Ag–Te Viper (Thrace) orebody, and fluid inclusions, were studied in drillcore samples. The hydrothermal system has evolved through several stages from pre-ore advanced argillic I+vuggy silica alteration, ore-stage advanced argillic II+vuggy silica alteration and silicification that has developed to argillic alteration (sericite)+silicification through pH increase, and a return to acid conditions as crosscutting post-ore advanced argillic alteration III+silicification. Ore is characterized by early barren pyrite I corroded by: (i) enargite–Au± complex Pb–Bi–Cu sulfosalts, tellurides and selenides, coexisting with euhedral quartz, and (ii) zoned pyrite II distinguished by anomalous concentrations of Au, Cu, As, Te, Bi, Pb, Se, within vuggy quartz. High-grade gold ore is also intergrown with late brecciacementing and vein-type epithermal-like banded quartz+ pyrite. These alteration and mineralization observations are consistent with the changing composition, water fugacity, and density of an expanding column of metal-laden magmatic vapor, combined with changes in structural permeability. Part of the enargite─Au─ quartz assemblages have been probably quenched from sulfosalt melt at high─temperatures (>575°C). End product of the enargite–sulfhide–silica crystallization sequence is the formation of high-grade epithermal quartz-gold colloformbanded ore during cooling and/or dilution/mixing down to ~200°C.
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Faesal, Andi, Arifudin Idrus, and Djoko Wintolo. "PROMINE." PROMINE 5, no. 2 (January 3, 2017): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/promine.v5i2.918.
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The research sites are located in the village of Berambang, Sekotong District, West Lombok Regency,West Nusa Tenggara Province. This area was dominated by volcanic rocks composed of dasiticvolcanic rock, diatrema breccia, and diorite intrusion. Berambang area shows alteration in the form ofpotassic, propylitic, advanced argillic, and argillic alterations where in some places accompanied bypyritisation and stockwork structure, the type of mineralization in this area is a porphyry copper-goldtype. In the potasic alteration zone there are minerals that have a strong anomaly response to themagnetic due to the presence of oxide minerals magnetite (Fe2O3). Mineral sulfides such as pyrite(FeS2) and chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) will also provide significant anomalous responses that have anabundance of 2-5% in the potassic zone. In a propylitic alteration zone characterized by chlorite,calcite and epidote minerals that do not respond to magnetic anomalies, the presence of pyriteminerals, hematites and chalcopyrite with abundance of ≤1% will provide some magnetic anomaly inthe propylitic zone. As for advanceargillic alteration zones characterized by mineral andalusite, aluniteand quartz, there will not be any magnetic anomalies, the phenomena was due to the rarity ofmineralization in this zone gives an insignificant anomalous impact. Meanwhile, for the argillic zonecharacterized by mineral illite, kaolinite and smectite will not have anomalous magnetic impact, veryrare mineralization in the argillic zone so that the magnetic anomaly is not significant. From the floatingEuler 3D shows an anomalous source from a depth of 0 meters to a depth of more than 400 meters.
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WILLAN, ROBERT C. R., and DEBBIE C. ARMSTRONG. "Successive geothermal, volcanic-hydrothermal and contact-metasomatic events in Cenozoic volcanic-arc basalts, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica." Geological Magazine 139, no. 2 (March 2002): 209–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756802006301.
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Hydrothermal alteration in volcanic arcs occurs in many settings and may involve magmatic, marine, lacustrine or groundwaters, driven by magmatic, tectonic or thermal events. King George Island, part of the South Shetland Island Cenozoic volcanic arc, contains an 80 km long zone of propylitized volcanic rocks, with numerous occurrences of quartz veining, silicic, sericitic, argillic and advanced-argillic alteration. On Barton Peninsula, a basaltic lava sequence (49–44 Ma) intruded by a small, high-level granodiorite pluton (∼42 Ma), contains these alteration types, previously interpreted as a single porphyry-copper system. In this study, we report three, possibly four, distinct fossil hydrothermal episodes. (1) Banded chalcedonic quartz, quartz-sericite and propylitic alteration occurs along ESE faults and as reworked clasts in nearby tuffs. Drusy quartz + calcite veins with silicic/sericitic, argillic and propylitic wallrocks may represent feeders to the near-surface silicification. These characteristics, and anomalous Ag + Pb + Sb + Au plus Te + Se + Zn + As, suggest a neutral-pH geothermal system that was active during volcanism. (2) The lavas and banded-quartz rocks were brecciated, veined and replaced by alunite+native sulphur+pyrite, and pyrophyllite + quartz + pyrite + zunyite + diaspore assemblages with anomalous Hg + Se + As + Bi + Au + Tl + Sb + Cu. Such advanced-argillic alteration is diagnostic of degassing of a felsic magma into shallow (<500 m) meteoric groundwaters. Rhyolite tuffs, previously not reported on King George Island, may represent leakage of this magma to the surface. (3) Subsequent burial to ∼3 km was followed by emplacement of a granodiorite pluton and formation of a silicic contact-metasomatic aureole containing muscovite, biotite, actinolite, magnetite, K-feldspar and tourmaline. Disseminated andalusite + corundum also formed in areas previously affected by the advanced-argillic alteration. Iron/copper-sulphide veinlets are locally abundant, but a porphyry-style geochemical signature is not present. Early Cretaceous Ar–Ar ages near the intrusive contact indicate flow of an excess Ar-bearing hydrothermal plume up the contact. Finally, isolated areas of propylitic alteration in the lavas nearby may be related either to quartz veins of episode 1 at depth or to (4) continued circulation of heated groundwaters around the cooling pluton.
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Armstrong, Debbie C. "Acid sulphate alteration in a magmatic hydrothermal environment, Barton Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica." Mineralogical Magazine 59, no. 396 (September 1995): 429–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1995.059.396.05.
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AbstractVolcanic-hosted advanced argillic alteration on Barton Peninsula comprises an assemblage of chalcedonic silica, alunite family minerals, pyrophyllite, pyrite, native sulphur, zunyite and rutile, characteristic of an acid sulphate-type epithermal system. The minerals minamiite, (Na0.36Ca0.27K0.1□0.27)Al3(SO4)2(OH)6, and zunyite, Al13Si5O20(OH,F)18Cl, are reported at this locality, and in Antarctica, for the first time. The WNW-striking, 1 km-long zone of alteration is hosted by early Tertiary andesitic rocks and contained in a 1.5 km-wide depression, rimmed by an arcuate ridge, probably representing a volcanic crater or small caldera structure.Stability relations of minerals in the advanced argillic alteration zone indicate alteration took place under acidic conditions in the near-surface environment. Mineralogical and textural evidence also suggest alteration occurred in a magmatic hydrothermal system, possibly with a magmatic steam component, rather than in a supergene or steam-heated environment.
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Μιχαήλ, Κ., and Μ. Δημήτρουλα. "HYDROTHERMAL ALTERATION AND MINERALIZATION OF THE PETROTA EPITHERMAL SYSTEMS (W.THRACE, GREECE)." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 36, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.16687.
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At the Petrota graben important epithermal zones are developed. On the basis of the mineral assemblages of alteration zones and the type of the host rocks, the epithermal zones can be grouped into three epithermal systems: 1. Perama epithermal system 2. Mavrokoryfi epithermal system and 3. Othondoto epithermal system Hydrothermal alteration zones are developed within volcanoclastic rocks - epiclastic sandstones, andésite tuffs (Perama epithermal system), hyaloclastites (Mavrokoryfi) and rhyolitic rocks (Othondoto). Silicification (in various types) and advanced argillic alteration are the most important alteration zones and are established on the largest scale. Ore mineralisation occurs as veins, veinlets in silicification zones or secondary mineralisation in the supergene zone (Perama epithermal system). Disseminated ore mineralization is also found in the silicification zone at Othondoto and Mavrokoryfi epithermal systems. Based on the geological environment, the type of hydrothemal alteration zones (silicification and advanced argillic alteration) and the mineral compositon of the ore (enargite- luzonite), the hydrothermal systems of Petrota graben can be referred as high sulfidation systems.
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Noori, Lida, Amin Pour, Ghasem Askari, Nader Taghipour, Biswajeet Pradhan, Chang-Wook Lee, and Mehdi Honarmand. "Comparison of Different Algorithms to Map Hydrothermal Alteration Zones Using ASTER Remote Sensing Data for Polymetallic Vein-Type Ore Exploration: Toroud–Chahshirin Magmatic Belt (TCMB), North Iran." Remote Sensing 11, no. 5 (March 1, 2019): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11050495.
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Polymetallic vein-type ores are important sources of precious metal and a principal type of orebody for various base-metals. In this research, Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) remote sensing data were used for mapping hydrothermal alteration zones associated with epithermal polymetallic vein-type mineralization in the Toroud–Chahshirin Magmatic Belt (TCMB), North of Iran. The TCMB is the largest known goldfield and base metals province in the central-north of Iran. Propylitic, phyllic, argillic, and advanced argillic alteration and silicification zones are typically associated with Au-Cu, Ag, and/or Pb-Zn mineralization in the TCMB. Specialized image processing techniques, namely Selective Principal Component Analysis (SPCA), Band Ratio Matrix Transformation (BRMT), Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) and Mixture Tuned Matched Filtering (MTMF) were implemented and compared to map hydrothermal alteration minerals at the pixel and sub-pixel levels. Subtle differences between altered and non-altered rocks and hydrothermal alteration mineral assemblages were detected and mapped in the study area. The SPCA and BRMT spectral transformation algorithms discriminated the propylitic, phyllic, argillic and advanced argillic alteration and silicification zones as well as lithological units. The SAM and MTMF spectral mapping algorithms detected spectrally dominated mineral groups such as muscovite/montmorillonite/illite, hematite/jarosite, and chlorite/epidote/calcite mineral assemblages, systematically. Comprehensive fieldwork and laboratory analysis, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), petrographic study, and spectroscopy were conducted in the study area for verifying the remote sensing outputs. Results indicate several high potential zones of epithermal polymetallic vein-type mineralization in the northeastern and southwestern parts of the study area, which can be considered for future systematic exploration programs. The approach used in this research has great implications for the exploration of epithermal polymetallic vein-type mineralization in other base metals provinces in Iran and semi-arid regions around the world.
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Swayze, G. A., R. N. Clark, A. F. H. Goetz, K. E. Livo, G. N. Breit, F. A. Kruse, S. J. Sutley, et al. "Mapping Advanced Argillic Alteration at Cuprite, Nevada, Using Imaging Spectroscopy." Economic Geology 109, no. 5 (May 15, 2014): 1179–221. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/econgeo.109.5.1179.
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Idrus, Arifudin, Aji Syailendra Ubaidillah, I. Wayan Warmada, and Syafruddin Maula. "Geology, Rock Geochemistry and Ore Fluid Characteristics of the Brambang Copper-Gold Porphyry Prospect, Lombok Island, Indonesia." Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology 6, no. 1 (March 29, 2021): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/jgeet.2021.6.1.6145.
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Brambang is one of the porphyry copper-gold prospects/deposits situated along eastern Sunda arc. This study is aimed to understand geological framework, alteration geochemistry and ore fluid characteristics of the prospect. Fieldworks and various laboratory analyses were performed including petrography, ore microscopy, rock geochemistry, chlorite chemistry and fluid inclusion microthermometry. The prospect is composed of andesitic tuff and diorite which are intruded by tonalite porphyries. Tonalite porphyries are interpreted as ore mineralisation-bearing intrusion. Various hydrothermal alterations are identified including potassic, phyllic, propylitic, advanced argillic and argillic types. Ore mineralisation is characterized by magnetite and copper sulfides such as bornite and chalcopyrite. Potassic alteration is typified by secondary biotite, and associated with ore mineralisation. Mass balance calculation indicates SiO2, Fe2O3, K2O, Cu and Au are added during potassic alteration process. Ore forming fluid is dominated by magmatic fluid at high temperature (450-600ºC) and high salinity (60-70 wt. % NaCl eq.). Hydrothermal fluid was diluted by meteoric water incursion at low-moderate temperature of 150-400ºC and salinity of 0.5-7 wt. % NaCl eq.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Advanced argillic alteration"
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Kreiner, Douglas Cory. "Epithermal Style Iron Oxide(-Cu-Au) (=IOCG) Vein Systems and Related Alteration." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/203504.
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The Copiapó region in northern Chile contains numerous intrusion- and volcanichosted IOCG vein systems. These veins share many features with larger IOCG systems in the region (e.g., Candelaria, Punta del Cobre), including abundant hydrothermal magnetite or hematite ± Cu, Au, REE, and other elements, and exhibit similar styles of mineralization including voluminous breccias, stockwork, and massive veins. The relatively simple geometries and small size of veins offer advantages for study of zoning and genesis in an IOCG system; and, they also provide an interesting counterpoint to classic epithermal Ag-Au veins. The vein systems exhibit systematic patterns in the alteration and mineralization zoning in both time and space. Deeper exposures are characterized by high-temperature styles of sodic and sodic(-calcic) alteration with Fe and Cu depleted vein fill assemblages. This passes upwards through a proximal zone of magnetite-dominated vein fill with sparse to absent copper, and into a magnetite-dominated, copper-bearing portion of the vein. Copper is best developed at intermediate to shallow levels in association with the hematite-dominated portions of the system. More distal, carbonate dominated facies with minor hematite and chalcopyrite are also present. Shallow levels of the vein system may be characterized by a low-sulfur style of advanced argillic alteration, that may be stratabound, in discordant breccia bodies, or structurally controlled on faults. The assemblages differ from other ore forming environments by their lack of sulfide and/or sulfate minerals, and the abundance of hypogene iron oxide phases (hematite and/or magnetite). Vein systems are dominated by brecciation events that record repeated, cyclic pulses of mineralizing fluids. Stable and radiogenic isotopic analyses, combined with fluid inclusion and mineral phase equilibria indicate the fluids were hypersaline brines (generally >40 wt% NaCl(eq)) over a temperature range of 200º-450ºC. The shallow formation, structural styles, repeated mineralization events, and size of the IOCG vein systems have many parallels to the classic precious-metal rich Ag-Au epithermal systems. Nonetheless, the two types of veins differ in their geochemistry, reflecting the large differences in fluid salinities, commonly <10 wt% NaCl(eq) in epithermal settings as compared to 15 to > 50 wt% NaCl(eq) in IOCG systems.
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Lipske, Joanna L. "Advanced argillic and sericitic alteration in the Buckskin Range, Nevada : a product of ascending magmatic fluids from the deeper yerington porphyry copper environment." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/9065.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Advanced argillic alteration"
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Lerouge, C., L. Bailly, E. Béchu, C. Fléhoc, A. Genna, J. L. Lescuyer, G. Stein, P. Y. Gillot, and D. Kozelj. "Age and origin of advanced argillic alteration at the Bor Cu-Au deposit, Serbia." In Mineral Deposit Research: Meeting the Global Challenge, 541–44. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27946-6_139.
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"Geology, Geochemistry, and Formation of Au-(Cu) Mineralization and Advanced Argillic Alteration in the Mulatos District, Sonora, Mexico." In New Mines and Discoveries in Mexico and Central America, 199–216. Society of Economic Geologists, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/sp.08.13.
Full textReports on the topic "Advanced argillic alteration"
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Chapter C: Hydrothermal Enrichment of Gallium in Zones of Advanced Argillic Alteration-Examples from the Paradise Peak and McDermitt Ore Deposits, Nevada. US Geological Survey, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/b2209c.
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