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1
Renn, Jyh Chyang, Wen Jen Hsu, and Yun Ruei Li. "Constant Pressure Control for Energy Efficient Lathe Turret." Key Engineering Materials 661 (September 2015): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.661.3.
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Hydraulic system plays an important role in many power systems such as excavator, braking system of vehicle and machine tool. Generally speaking, hydraulic control system can be divided into two different driving concepts. The first one is the well-known valve-controlled system and the second one is the pump-controlled system. The former possesses the feature of fast dynamic response. However, the poor energy-saving performance is its major fault. On the contrary, the pump-controlled system has the significant advantage of energy-saving which meets the current demand in modern machine design, but has the disadvantage of slower dynamic response. With the advancement of electric-motor system, however, this disadvantage has been greatly improved. In this paper, the simulation analysis of a newly developed energy-efficient hydraulic CNC lathe turret based on constant pressure control scheme is presented. Instead of the conventional fixed displacement hydraulic pump, the new energy-efficient system utilizes an internal gear pump together with an AC servo motor as its driving power source. In addition, a closed-loop control scheme using PID control is adopted. From simulation results, the new energy-efficient design can reduce the waste of the output flow-rate of the pump through the relief valve that generally happens in conventional hydraulic lathe and then achieve the purpose of designing an energy-efficient hydraulic lathe.
2
Farias, João B. S., Miguel A. B. E. Martins, Daniel G. Afonso, Sonia R. H. Marabuto, Jorge A. Ferreira, and R. J. Alves de Sousa. "CAD/CAM Strategies for a Parallel Kinematics SPIF Machine." Key Engineering Materials 554-557 (June 2013): 2221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.554-557.2221.
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Single point incremental forming has attracted the interest of researchers in the last decade for the production of prototypes and small batch production of sheet-based parts [1, 2]. This technique allows the manufacture of parts without using expensive die sets. The SPIF (Single point incremental forming) process can be performed on different equipments such as adapted CNC milling machines, serial robots and built proposed machines [3]. Every solution has advantages and disadvantages. This work presents the CAD/CAM strategies for a parallel kinematics SPIF machine, designed and built at the University of Aveiro [3]. This machine brings a new approach to the SPIF industry. The machinery used to perform SPIF operations has limitations in their work volume with limited movements and in the magnitude of applicable forces. With that in mind, this machine was projected to overcome that obstacle, and was provided with a system with 6 degrees of freedom, while maintaining the ability to apply high loads. The disadvantage is the increase in volume occupied by the kinematic system. The manufacture of new parts could be reached out with more flexibility on the chosen tool path. The first step is the product design in the commercial CAD system. Next step is generating the tool path of the forming tool. This step is very important to achieve the desired part shape. It is used a commercial CAM system (EdgeCAM 2012®), which has resources from three up to five axis strategies. The last step is to send the information to the machine’s control system, based on real-time software. This paper will describe each step with more details.
3
Lu, Shengyu. "Research on integrated manufacturing technology of CNC machine tool and 3D printing." E3S Web of Conferences 253 (2021): 01054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125301054.
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CNC machine tools and 3D printing technology belong to two different processing methods, which have their own advantages and disadvantages. In order to promote the development of high-end manufacturing industry, we can combine CNC machine tools and 3D printing technology to give full play to their advantages. This paper analyzes the integrated manufacturing technology of CNC machine tools and 3D printing, further improve the level of industrial production in China.
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Müller, Marcel, and Elmar Wings. "An Architecture for Hybrid Manufacturing Combining 3D Printing and CNC Machining." International Journal of Manufacturing Engineering 2016 (October 9, 2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8609108.
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Additive manufacturing is one of the key technologies of the 21st century. Additive manufacturing processes are often combined with subtractive manufacturing processes to create hybrid manufacturing because it is useful for manufacturing complex parts, for example, 3D printed sensor systems. Currently, several CNC machines are required for hybrid manufacturing: one machine is required for additive manufacturing and one is required for subtractive manufacturing. Disadvantages of conventional hybrid manufacturing methods are presented. Hybrid manufacturing with one CNC machine offers many advantages. It enables manufacturing of parts with higher accuracy, less production time, and lower costs. Using the example of fused layer modeling (FLM), we present a general approach for the integration of additive manufacturing processes into a numerical control for machine tools. The resulting CNC architecture is presented and its functionality is demonstrated. Its application is beyond the scope of this paper.
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Xu, Xin Jian. "CNC Transformation Method for the Study." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 1256–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.1256.
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This paper describes the need for transformation of CNC machine tools, CNC machine tools and a brief introduction to the content and transformation of the advantages and disadvantages, but focuses on how the transformation of CNCmachine tools including CNC system selection, transformation NC modificationof the main mechanical components and CNC transformation of the main steps,and cited several examples of digital transformation, and finallyshows the numerical transformation of the problem and made recommendations.
6
Liu, Yan. "Application and Study of CNC Network System Based on DNC." Advanced Materials Research 655-657 (January 2013): 1214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.655-657.1214.
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Three solutions to network CNC machines are introduced. Advantages and disadvantages are compared. Wireless network solution supports a wider range of CNC communications but easy be disturbed. Single port server solution ensure stable signal but hardware cost is high. TCP/IP solution is stable and reliability while most low-end CNCs do not have Ethernet ports. CNC quantity, port type, distance between CNCs and computers, required speed and cost should be considered to choose right solutions.
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Sang, Zhen, Tai Yong Wang, Xiang Xiang Zou, and He Nan Xu. "Research on Online Collision Detection Algorithm of CNC Machine Tools." Key Engineering Materials 693 (May 2016): 1780–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.693.1780.
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Collision detection is the core of the numerical control system of intelligent manufacturing in the manufacturing process of rapid feeding, positioning and cutting. We need to avoid collision between the cutting tools, machine tools and workpiece. Based on the characteristic of five-axis CNC system, we analyze the advantages and disadvantages of Hierarchical Mesh Segmentation and Octree. At last, we use the collision detection algorithm of cuboid and separation axis to optimize the algorithm of traditional NC machine tool collision detection, which improve the detection efficiency and accuracy.
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Koval’ova, Iryna. "DEVICE FOR INCREASING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF MILLING MACHINE OPERATION WITH CNC MCV-1000." ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC, no. 3(106) (November 27, 2019): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2019-3-9.
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Тhe work of the milling machine with the CNC MCV-1000 is considered. A device that significantly improves the productivity of this machine when performing the operation of milling round holes along the outer surface of the pipe with a certain step is shown. The results obtained by experimental means are indicated. Analysis of current trends in the development of machine tool industry indicates the need to increase the technical level of metalworking equipment with developed complexes of technological operations. A significant role is played by the equipment of metalworking machines, namely, specialized devices for various types of processing. The goal is to increase metalworking productivity. As a result of the analysis of existing devices revealed their advantages and disadvantages. A new design of the device for the simultaneous processing of four pipes with a length of up to 1000 mm and a diameter of 32 mm on a MCV-1000 CNC milling machine is proposed. This device is designed for reliable fixation of four pipes simultaneously for the operation of milling round holes along the outer surface of the pipe with a certain step. The introduction of this device showed a double increase in productivity compared with the previous device, which was used at the enterprise.
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Chen, Hong Ze, Zhong De Shan, and Hong Zhao Dong. "Research of Foam Pattern Processing for Lost Foam Casting." Applied Mechanics and Materials 331 (July 2013): 600–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.331.600.
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In the whole process of the LFC (or evaporative pattern casting, EPC), the quality of the foam pattern play a decisive role to the final casting quality. The present processing methods for the foam pattern are discussed, including foaming molding, manual cutting, and CNC machining, rapid prototyping, also the advantages and disadvantages of these processing methods are analyzed. As CNC machining become the main trend for foam pattern processing, some CNC machine oriented tools are summarized, including the hot wire foam cutter, the hot knife foam cutter, and the modified tools based on the traditional tools.
10
Lu, Hua. "Design on the New Composite Rail of Beam in CNC Gantry Machine Tool." Advanced Materials Research 945-949 (June 2014): 1713–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.945-949.1713.
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The arrangement form of beams in CNC gantry machine usually arranged in the upper and lower two rails, But in heavy cutting,Large overturning moment will reduce the rigidity and precision of the machine. Therefore, on basis of analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the conventional rail , a new composite rail structure is designed. Been put into use, sensitivity, rigidity, vibration force, load force and moment resisting capability of oriented machinery and deputy campaign on process equipment is greatly improved.
11
Attanasio, Aldo, Elisabetta Ceretti, Claudio Giardini, and Silvio Antonioni. "Comparison between SPIF with Robot and CNC Machine." Key Engineering Materials 473 (March 2011): 929–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.473.929.
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This paper deals with Incremental Sheet Forming (ISF) a sheet metal forming process that knew a wide development in the last years. A lot of experimental and simulative researches have been conducted in this field with different aims: to study the sheet formability and part feasibility; to define models able to forecast the final sheet thickness; to understand how the sheet deforms and how formability limits can be defined. Another very important issue is related with the tool path optimization. In fact, the process is characterized by high springback which causes dimensional defects. When IF is performed by a robot, the capabilities of the technology is improved in terms of obtainable shapes (it is possible to use the 6 degrees of freedom of the robot), but the shape errors seem to be higher due to the lower robot stiffness in comparison with CNC machine. In this work the comparison between two different ISF configurations, tool mounted on a CNC machine or tool mounted on a robot, is reported. A suitable geometry was investigated working different sheet material types and sheet thicknesses. The results in terms of geometrical accuracy and sheet deformation have been analyzed in order to define advantages and disadvantages of these two techniques. An analysis on the process forces has been carried out too.
12
Liu, Kuo, Mingjia Sun, Yuliang Wu, and Tiejun Zhu. "Thermal Error Modeling Method for a CNC Machine Tool Feed Drive System." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/436717.
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The disadvantages of the common current thermal error modeling methods for CNC machine tool feed drive systems were analyzed, such as the requirement of many temperature sensors to reach high accuracy and poor applicability of different moving states. A new robust modeling method based on the heat transfer theory is proposed, and the procedure of the thermal tests for a feed drive system is presented. Multiple regression method and robust modeling method based on the heat transfer theory were, respectively, used to establish a thermal error model, and a pointer automatic optimizer was used to optimize the parameters in the robust model. A compensation simulation was conducted under five different moving states using these two modeling methods, and the advantages of the robust modeling method were proved. Finally, the compensation effect of the robust modeling method was verified under a random moving state on a vertical machining center.
13
Minibaev, M. I., M. N. Usacheva, V. S. Dyshenko, and V. A. Goncharov. "A DEVICE AND TOOL FOR MAKING SAMPLE FROM POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIALS ON A CNC MACHINE (review)." Proceedings of VIAM, no. 4 (2021): 100–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.18577/2307-6046-2021-0-4-100-109.
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The article discusses devices for fixing sheet metal blanks from PCM: a perforated vacuum table, its design features, advantages and disadvantages. Based on these data, the upper part of the vacuum table was made for cutting samples for Iosipescu tests and dielectric tests. The article describes various types of tools for PCM processing and an experiment on the wear resistance of a diamond-like coated rasp cutter when milling carbon fiber reinforced plastic, carried out by foreign researchers.
14
Yang, Shang Wei, Shu Kun Cao, and Jia Jia. "Design of Five Axis Cooperation Machine Based on Motion Control Board." Applied Mechanics and Materials 300-301 (February 2013): 1463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.300-301.1463.
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Abstract. PC-based open CNC system can fully take advantage of the computer's hardware and software resources, which can use a common high-level language: Visual C++ or Visual Basic to program. User can mix and use the standardized peripherals, application software flexibly, we use the self-developed five-axis CNC machine is experimental platform, which can develop open CNC system based on PC and motion control card. Using of five-axis machine motion control design based on "PC + motion control card" on Visual C++ platform.
15
Gao, Qi, and Ying Li. "Intensive CNC Machine Programming with Circular Pattern Algorithm." Applied Mechanics and Materials 599-601 (August 2014): 345–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.599-601.345.
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Many difficulties may be encountered when preparing CNC programs using conventional programming or canned cycle programming. This study tries to establish a practical common algorithm allowing the drilling of holes arranged in multiple circular patterns. The programmed algorithm can easily be adapted to any modern CNC unit to create a user cycle or subroutine. To test the capabilities of this algorithm, two case studies were developed. A number of samples were produced successfully. The new algorithm shows high efficiency in the part program establishment and offers the advantage of decreasing the encoding errors.
16
Zhao, Dong Xu, Shou Quan Hou, Jun Xi Bi, and Li Qin Wang. "Research and Development of CNC System of Screw Polishing and Grinding Machine Based on PMAC." Advanced Materials Research 462 (February 2012): 812–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.462.812.
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This paper introduces current situation of varying screw machining, characteristics of PMAC2-PCI, researches open CNC system based on PMAC2-PCI, designs CNC system of screw polishing and grinding machine, including hardware design and software design. The system holds the advantage of fast machining speed, high control precision and high stability.
17
Yu, Ying Liang, and Zai Dan Geng. "The Study on Application of Worm’s Numerical Control Machining." Key Engineering Materials 455 (December 2010): 594–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.455.594.
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One of the significant features of CNC technological superiority is in the practical applications, according to the necessary movement of processed parts required, we can use generating method to transform CNC machine tools and receive the desired results. This article discussed under the premise that lack of special equipment, transforming ordinary horizontal CNC milling to machine worm gear. The advantage of this numerical transformation approach is using the processing functions of thread and tapered thread instruction, skillfully translating into control of the CNC machining worm, expanding the CNC machining capabilities and the scope of practical application. Also apply the advantages of CNC technology, reduce or eliminate the accumulation of worm in the processing of pitch error which makes the worm processing precision and smoothness of worm drive better. This paper discussed the principles of numerical control transformation, transformation of milling machine structure and the conversion calculation of parameters in programming, analyzed the causes and processing effects of worm gear processing errors control and accuracy improving.
18
Zhang, Dong Su, Gan Lin Cheng, and Jian Deng. "Application of Pre-Mixed Abrasive Water Jet Technology on Cutting Brazilian Disc." Advanced Materials Research 591-593 (November 2012): 472–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.591-593.472.
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High pressure water jet technology is a new technology, its applications are increasingly widespread, by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the existing processing methods and the degree of difficulty that processes the Brazilian disc specimen (Brazilian disc), in order to get high quality of the incision and tiny slit width,it was used in the process of cutting Brazil disc specimens can be better cut quality,we put forward utilizing the pre-mixed abrasive water jet to cut requiring Brazilian disc, cutting test showed that the premixed abrasive water jet cutting machine tools is more easily to meet the test requirements of machine processing test, and obtain the reasonable cutting parameters the entire process is fully automated, by the preparation of CNC program, we can completed Brazil disc of processing at one time,saving a lot of manpower and material resources, so pre-mixed abrasive water jet cutting machine apply to cut Brazil disk has good application prospect.
19
Qian, Xiao Ming, Wen Hua Ye, and Xiao Mei Chen. "On-Machine Measurement for Touch-Trigger Probes and its Error Compensation." Key Engineering Materials 375-376 (March 2008): 558–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.375-376.558.
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This paper advances a method to implement the on-machine measurement (OMM) with the touch-trigger probe, also called switching probes. Some of the advantages and disadvantages for touch-trigger probe are discussed. However, the touch-trigger probe errors exist and become one of the major errors for the measurement accuracy. Major factors that influence the probe measurement have been analyzed. The basic technique of probe measurement error modeling with artificial neural network was researched, and also the probe measurement error compensation with 3-layered backpropagation artificial neural network was presented. At last in the experimental system composed of DIXI 50 machining center, Fanuc 16i control system, Blum CNC P82.046 probe and PC, valid the correlated techniques. In addition, the connection and communication between the machining center equipped with probe system and the computer have been introduced. The experiment indicated that, using the touch-trigger probe makes on-machine measurement more automatic and efficient. And by using the back-propagation neural network for error compensation make on-machine measurement more precise.
20
Chen, Zhang Rong, and Yun Fei Li. "The Remote Warning and Diagnosis System for CNC Machine Tools." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 2518–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.2518.
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To meet the practical demands of some firms making CNC machine tools, a remote warning and diagnosis system is designed and introduced in this paper. The on-site information collection and communication module which is used to monitor the equipments can predict the failure before it occurs and send the data to the information center. It helps to reduce the failure and efficiently prevents serious accidents from happening. The advantage of the system is that it improves the remote service and repair, which makes it important for the designing of the remote monitoring system for large-scale mechanical and electrical integration products such as central air conditioning and elevator.
21
Xie, Ou, Hua Li, Zheng Li, and Zhen Yin. "Design and Research of High Precision Internal Grinding Embedded CNC System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 43 (December 2010): 238–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.43.238.
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A design solution of machine tool control system and its hardware and software design were proposed for the requirement of high precision internal grinding. The ARM microprocessor was used as the system control center and the technical grade touch screen was used as the human machine interface. The feed motion of the X, Z 2-axis servo motor was controlled by the system to complete the grinding path, and the machine tool switching signal was controlled by the Soft PLC Technology. The whole system has the advantage of stable, high performance and user friendly, meeting the requirement of high precision grinding.
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Yu, Ben-Fong, and Jenq-Shyong Chen. "Development of an Analyzing and Tuning Methodology for the CNC Parameters Based on Machining Performance." Applied Sciences 10, no. 8 (April 14, 2020): 2702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10082702.
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This paper proposes the development of a tuning methodology which can set the proper values of the Computer Numerical Control (CNC) parameters to achieve the required machining performance. For the conventional operators of machine tools, the CNC parameters were hard to be adjusted to optimal settings, which was a complicated and time-consuming task. To save time in finding optimal CNC parameters, the objective of this research was to develop a practical methodology to tune the CNC parameters effectively for easy implementation in the commercial CNC controller. Firstly, the effect of the CNC parameters in the CNC controller on the tool-path planning was analyzed via experiments. The machining performance was defined in the high-speed (HS) mode, the high-accuracy (HP) mode, and the high-surface-quality (HQ) mode, according to the dynamic errors of several specified paths. Due to the CNC parameters that have a particularly critical effect on the dynamic errors, the relationship between the CNC parameters and the dynamic errors was validated by the measured data. Finally, the tuning procedure defined the anticipated dynamic errors for the three machining modes with the actual machine. The CNC parameters will correspond with anticipated dynamics errors based on several specified paths. The experimental results showed that the HS mode was the fastest to complete the path, and the completion time of the HP and HQ modes were increased by 37% and 6%, respectively. The HP mode had the smallest dynamic errors than other modes, and the dynamic errors of the HS and HQ modes are increased by 66% and 16%. In the HQ mode, the motion oscillation was reduce significantly, and the tracking error of the HS and HP modes were increased by 85% and 28%. The advantage of the methodology is that it simplifies set-up steps of the CNC parameters, making it suitable for practical machine applications.
23
Lee, Yi-Ming, Kuei-Shu Hsu, and Shyue-Bin Chang. "USING ADAMS FOR MECHANISM SIMULATION APPLICATION OF MULTIAXIS MACHINES." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 37, no. 3 (September 2013): 1013–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2013-0087.
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The aim of this paper is to implement the efficiency of the new model multi-axis CNC machine by using a visual solid mechanism simulation methodology design. The advantage of this simulation design is to activate each running procedure simultaneously when a transient motion occurs in the mechanism system. Using the simplified elements of a conceptual dynamic mechanism simulated by ADAMS we will demonstrate the feasibility in design through kinematics analysis of the new five axis CNC model.
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Feng, Jin Chun, You De Wu, Chao Zhu, Lin Jian Yang, and Lei Li. "Research on the Efficient Cylinder Cutting on CNC Boring Machine Combining with Self-Made Welding Cutter." Applied Mechanics and Materials 34-35 (October 2010): 743–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.34-35.743.
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Because of the combination of self-made or common boring bar and CNC program, we machined two external cylinders used for tightening ring (φ500u6(+0.58/+0.54)×130mm ) of a vertical roller mill, and conquered the difficulty on machining high-precision cylindrical on the boring machine. This process improvement not only brings the machining advantage of CNC machine tools into full play, but also organically integrates conventional boring to turning methods, which can cause high machining efficiency. Since the special tooling is not needed and it’s easy to obtain materials from local sources, we can adjust the process in a large range. The implementation of this processing method is meaningful for the reference and promotion of processing such short cylinder by turning on the boring machine.
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Feng, Rui Cheng, Zhi Yuan Rui, Qin Wu, and Hai Yan Li. "Nonlinear Vibration Characteristics Analysis of CNC Machine Tool Feed System." Advanced Materials Research 472-475 (February 2012): 626–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.472-475.626.
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Considering the nonlinear characteristic of ball screw, a Duffing equation with damping is used to model the nonlinear dynamics of feed system by employing the elastic displacement method. Then by using the tools of phase trajectory map, Poincare section and bifurcation diagram respectively, structure of the proposed model is identified, meanwhile, the properties of bifurcation and chaos are judged. Numerical results show that as the feed system works, the screw nonlinear vibrates. Therefore, the dynamics response of the system cannot be described by a linear dynamics model. In other words, a nonlinear dynamics model must be employed to analyze the dynamic properties of the system. The proposed model has an advantage over the model characterized by a linear dynamics with multiple degrees since the latter is only applied to the system with high stiffness. In addition, the dynamics properties of the feed system are revealed as the stiffness is low or the support at both ends in varied. A test in a NC machine tool verified the validity of the analytic results.
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Liu, Jin Fei, Ming Chen, and Ying Lei Li. "Fault Diagnosis Mechanism Based on FTA and Bayesian for Large-Scale CNC Equipments." Applied Mechanics and Materials 236-237 (November 2012): 474–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.236-237.474.
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In view of the disadvantage of current FAT-based fault diagnosis method in large-scale complicated system, fault diagnosis method of heavy NC machine based on FTA and Bayesian is discussed. Firstly, building fault trees with the help of reachability matrix, and to set the determinate conditions at every node of fault tree combining FTA with rule reasoning, the minimum cut set of fault reasons are determined as a result of step by step screening fault tree from top-down; Secondly, Bayesian method is integrated into the fault tree diagnostic method to calculate the posterior probability triggered by each fault tree in order to locate the fault tree where the fault had occurred and ensure high efficiency of fault diagnosis; Finally, B/S based intelligent fault diagnosis system for large-scale CNC equipments is developed, and the feasibility and efficiency of this method are proved in an example of fault diagnosis of Φ 160 NC boring and milling machine.
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Wu, Ming Liang, Xiao Bing Wang, and Shu Rong Yu. "The Research of GPRS-Based Remote Fault Monitoring System for CNC Machine Tools." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 393–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.393.
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Based on GPRS network remote monitoring system which uses its two-way transmission performance, can easily monitor various electrical equipments and get information. Compare with the past remote monitoring systems, the system has the advantage of flexible networking, convenient, wide range of data transmission, high reliability, fast response time, and has great significance and value of research in CNC machine tool system with upgrade GPRS in the mobile communication networks, data services expand and data transfer capabilities.
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Lu, Hong Xing, Jian Guo Yang, and Si Tong Xiang. "A Real Time Error Compensation Method for CNC Machine Tools Based on Redevelopment of Human-Machine-Interface." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 2519–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.2519.
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This paper proposes a new real time error compensation implementation method for CNC machine tools. The proposed method reduces the complexity of compensation system significantly, which takes full advantage of numerical control system. The Compensation Control software is developed based on original Human-Machine-Interface software of Siemens 840D numerical control system. Meanwhile, the compensation controller shares the CPU of with the Man-Machine-Communication module. Due to it hardly needs any external devices except some necessary sensors, the proposed compensation strategy greatly reduces the cost of building a compensation system and the stability of compensation system is enhanced accordingly. Experiments have been conducted and the results show that the proposed method can improve the accuracy of machine tools dramatically.
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Dharmawardhana, Mahanama, Asanga Ratnaweera, and Gheorghe Oancea. "STEP-NC Compliant Intelligent CNC Milling Machine with an Open Architecture Controller." Applied Sciences 11, no. 13 (July 5, 2021): 6223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11136223.
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A STEP-NC or ISO 14649 compliant machine controller is developed, using Open Architecture Control technology for a three-axis Computer Numerical Control milling machine in this research. The controller is developed on a Raspberry Pi single-board computer, using C++ language. This new development is proposed as a low-cost alternative to ISO6983 standard, ensuring continuous integration in the CAD/CAM/CNC chain in machining; thus, it broadens the spectrum of problems handled by conventional CNC systems. The new machine controller is intelligent enough to extract geometrical and manufacturing parameters, cutting tool data, and material data from the STEP-NC file. Accordingly, tool paths for machining can be generated in the controller itself. The shop floor level modification of parameters and the possibility of regeneration of new toolpaths is an added advantage of this new controller. The modified or improved version of the STEP-NC file can be sent back to the CAD/CAM system to close the CAD/CAM/CNC chain. Machine condition monitoring can be achieved by connecting sensors through an available slave I/O board. In the present development, the current drawn by each servo motor is fed back to the controller for cutting condition monitoring. A laboratory scale three-axis CNC milling machine is developed to test the performance of the newly developed controller. The accuracy of positioning, perpendicularity of axes and linearity of this machine are experimentally verified through standard tests. The STEP-NC compliance of the controller is tested and verified, using a STEP-NC program derived based on a sample program given in ISO 14649 standard.
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Zhu, T. T., Zhi Quan Deng, and Yu Wang. "An Axial-Flux Hybrid Excitation Flux-Switching Machine." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 7094–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.7094.
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A flux switching permanent magnet (FSPM) machine has the advantage of high power density, high torque density, inherently sinusoidal back EMF, stable structure, and the disadvantage of magnetic field uncontrollable. This paper proposes a novel axial-flux hybrid excitation flux-switching (AFHEFS) motor, which offers three phase symmetrical sinusoidal flux linkage and linearly regulated electromagnetic torque as well as excellent flux regulation capability and even field elimination ability with a size ratio of 1:2 between PM stator and electrical stator. The results are validated by 3D finite element (FE) analysis.
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Lu, Hong, Qian Cheng, Xinbao Zhang, Qi Liu, Yu Qiao, and Yongquan Zhang. "A Novel Geometric Error Compensation Method for Gantry-Moving CNC Machine Regarding Dominant Errors." Processes 8, no. 8 (July 31, 2020): 906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8080906.
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Gantry-type computer numerical control (CNC) machines are widely used in the manufacturing industry. A novel structure with moveable gantry is proposed to improve the traditional gantry-type machine structure’s disadvantage of taking up too much space. Geometric errors have direct impacts on the actual position of the tool, which significantly reduces the accuracy of machines. Errors of different components are always coupled and have uncertain effects on the total geometric error. Thus, it is essential to find an effective way to identify the dominant errors and do targeted compensation. First, a novel identification method using value leaded global sensitivity analysis (VLGSA) is proposed to find the dominant errors. In VLGSA, weighting factors which show the influence of the error range are used to modify the multi-body system (MBS) error model. Results show that the dominant errors in three directions respectively contribute 80%, 86% and 85% of the total error in their directions. Then, errors identified by VLGSA are modeled by least-square linear fitting and B-spline interpolation methods, respectively, according to the feature of error data. Finally, the models are applied in a new real-time compensation system developed on the Beckhoff TwinCAT servo system. Experimental results from the gantry-type CNC engraving and milling machine show the proposed method can help figure out the most dominant errors and reduce around 90% of the total error.
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Kráľ, Ján, and Ján Kráľ. "Verification of Manufacturing Accuracy of Mathematically Defined Shaped Surfaces on 3D CNC Milling Machine." Key Engineering Materials 581 (October 2013): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.581.423.
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Verification of programming of various control systems and production of mathematically defined shaped surfaces on 3D CNC milling machine is a challenging technological process. Appropriate design and optimization of tool path is essential for the production of high-quality surfaces with the required accuracy and roughness. This paper presents the design of shaped surfaces in various programming means in order to evaluate both the accuracy of the shape manufactured by the production machine and also by program created shapes for control systems of 3D milling machines. Based on the analysis of mathematically defined shaped surfaces to evaluate both accuracy of shape of 3D milling machine and also applied programs for the programming of the selected control system the shaped surface "Interface" was chosen. The advantage of mathematically described surface is a better way to evaluate the accuracy compare to surface modeled e.g. by Bezier ́s curves. Mathematically described surfaces enable us to optimize their shapes by available mathematical functions. Typical example the derivatives are, which make it possible to search extremes. Verification of the shaped surfaces accuracy according to created control programs was solved using the 3D Carl-Zeiss coordinate system and also HOLOS software. Verified programs for the NC machine programming were in CATIA V5, Pro/Engineer and EqCAM. The result is an optimally designed original EqCAM program for 3D CNC milling machine programming, which generates optimal NC codes and bypasses various built-in interpolations, and by precise control at every step it is possible to achieve maximum accuracy and quality of machined surface for each 3D CNC milling machine.
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Guo, Bo, Fu-Shin Lee, Chen-I. Lin, and Yun-Qing Lu. "A cloud integrated strategy for reconfigurable manufacturing systems." Concurrent Engineering 28, no. 4 (October 2, 2020): 305–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1063293x20958937.
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Manufacturing industries nowadays need to reconfigure their production lines promptly as to acclimate to rapid changing markets. Meanwhile, exercising system reconfigurations also needs to manage innumerous types of manufacturing apparatus involved. Nevertheless, traditional incompatible manufacturing systems delivered by exclusive vendors usually increase manufacture costs and prolong development time. This paper presents a novel RMS framework, which is intended to implement a Redis master/slave server mechanism to integrate various CNC manufacturing apparatus, hardware control means, and data exchange protocols through developed configurating codes. In the RMS framework each manufacturing apparatus or accessory stands for an object, and information of recognized CNC control panel image features, associated apparatus tuned parameters, communication formats, operation procedures, and control APIs, are stored into the Redis master cloud server database. Through implementation of machine vision techniques to acquire CNC controller panel images, the system effectively identifies instantaneous CNC machining states and response messages once the embedded image features are recognized. Upon demanding system reconfigurations for the manufacturing resources, the system issues commands from Redis local client servers to retrieve the stored information in the Redis master cloud servers, in which the resources for registered CNC machines, robots, and built-in accessories are maintained securely. The system then exploits the collected information locally to reconfigure involved manufacturing resources and starts manufacturing immediately, and thus is capable to promptly response to fast revised orders in a comitative market. In a prototyped RMS architecture, the proposed approach takes advantage of recognized feedback visual information, which is obtained using an invariant image feature extraction algorithm, and effectively commands an industrial robot to accomplish demanded actions on a CNC control panel, as a regular operator does daily in front of the CNC machine for manufacturing.
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Zhong, Wen-Bin, Xi-Chun Luo, Wen-Long Chang, Yu-Kui Cai, Fei Ding, Hai-Tao Liu, and Ya-Zhou Sun. "Toolpath Interpolation and Smoothing for Computer Numerical Control Machining of Freeform Surfaces: A Review." International Journal of Automation and Computing 17, no. 1 (September 26, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11633-019-1190-y.
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Abstract Driven by the ever increasing demand in function integration, more and more next generation high value-added products, such as head-up displays, solar concentrators and intra-ocular-lens, etc., are designed to possess freeform (i.e., non-rotational symmetric) surfaces. The toolpath, composed of high density of short linear and circular segments, is generally used in computer numerical control (CNC) systems to machine those products. However, the discontinuity between toolpath segments leads to high-frequency fluctuation of feedrate and acceleration, which will decrease the machining efficiency and product surface finish. Driven by the ever-increasing need for high-speed high-precision machining of those products, many novel toolpath interpolation and smoothing approaches have been proposed in both academia and industry, aiming to alleviate the issues caused by the conventional toolpath representation and interpolation methods. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art toolpath interpolation and smoothing approaches with systematic classifications. The advantages and disadvantages of these approaches are discussed. Possible future research directions are also offered.
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Pivkin, Petr, and Ilya Minin. "Effect of Geometrical Parameter Cutting Edge on the Toroidal Forming Surface of a Solid End Mill." EPJ Web of Conferences 248 (2021): 04012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124804012.
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Solid end mill with a toroidal forming section are the most productive solutions in the field of processing difficult-to-process materials. The process of forming the cutting geometry of such cutters is performed on grinding machines with CNC with the use of abrasive grinding wheels. The formation of the cutting edge on the toroidal section is carried out by discrete movements of the working bodies of the machine in accordance with the control program. The disadvantage of the stepper drive used in CNC machines is the limited discreteness of the described trajectory resulted in the loss of accuracy when forming radius, arc, spherical and toroidal sections. Loss of accuracy in the formation of elements of the working geometry of a solid end mill can negatively affect the tool life, and the structural strength of the joints of the transition of working surfaces. The study is aimed at identifying the necessary and sufficient number of points that describe the spatial shape of the cutting edge with acceptable loss of accuracy.
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Liu, Jin Zhi, Jun Lin, Li Ming Ma, and Shen Shan Li. "The Summary of Tunnel Boring Machine Control Based on the Neural Network." Advanced Materials Research 706-708 (June 2013): 1090–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.706-708.1090.
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Conventional control of tunnel boring machine can't achieve the ideal effect because of the complexity of its work process, uncertainty of construction environment. In order to solve the question, the intelligent control is expected. The neural network control has many characteristics such as self-adaption, self-organization, and can modify the corresponding parameters by learning about external knowledge, so it becomes research focus of tunnel boring machine control system in recent years. In this paper the advantage and disadvantage of several kinds of neural network used in the tunnel boring machine control are introduced, the development trends of tunnel boring machine control is predicted.
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Yu, Ying Liang, S. X. Niu, and De Qing Yang. "Implementation and Application of Involute Profile Track Processing in General CNC System." Advanced Materials Research 215 (March 2011): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.215.38.
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Numerical control milling machine with a special transformation can be achieved the involute path processing functions. By using Fan method to process a way to synthesize involute track requirements and involute contour processing. This method is particularly suitable for gear modulus m ≥ 12 ~ 40 of the big modulus gear machining, and omit the big modulus gear-specific complex tool manufacturing. Another advantage is that as the basic parameters of the coordinates programming trajectory calculation as a way to carry out involute trajectories run control, gears accuracy can be effective control and assurance. Furthermore, it can be revised and the edge of the involute tooth surface in the tangential connection.
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Tran, Van The, Thanh Long Le, and Hong Lanh Nguyen. "Force Analysis for a Variable-Pitch Rotor Meshing Pair in Twin-Screw Vacuum Pump Generating on CNC Turning Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 894 (September 2019): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.894.41.
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The variable pitch twin-screw vacuum pump has more advantage than the uniform pitch twin-screw vacuum pump. Its energy efficiency and volumetric compression ratio are specifically high. Under the cyclic gas pressure and working temperature, the rotors of vacuum pump often deform and interfere that lead to noise, vibration and rotor abrasion. In this paper, a 3D model of the variable pitch rotor generating by CNC turning process is constructed to reasonably estimate the rotor load and deformation in operation. The contact force have been analyzed to show the advantages of variable pitch rotors.
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Gołębski, Rafał, and Piotr Boral. "Study of Machining of Gears with Regular and Modified Outline Using CNC Machine Tools." Materials 14, no. 11 (May 28, 2021): 2913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14112913.
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Classic methods of machining cylindrical gears, such as hobbing or circumferential chiseling, require the use of expensive special machine tools and dedicated tools, which makes production unprofitable, especially in small and medium series. Today, special attention is paid to the technology of making gears using universal CNC (computer numerical control) machine tools with standard cheap tools. On the basis of the presented mathematical model, a software was developed to generate a code that controls a machine tool for machining cylindrical gears with straight and modified tooth line using the multipass method. Made of steel 16MnCr5, gear wheels with a straight tooth line and with a longitudinally modified convex-convex tooth line were machined on a five-axis CNC milling machine DMG MORI CMX50U, using solid carbide milling cutters (cylindrical and ball end) for processing. The manufactured gears were inspected on a ZEISS coordinate measuring machine, using the software Gear Pro Involute. The conformity of the outline, the tooth line, and the gear pitch were assessed. The side surfaces of the teeth after machining according to the planned strategy were also assessed; the tests were carried out using the optical microscope Alicona Infinite Focus G5 and the contact profilographometer Taylor Hobson, Talysurf 120. The presented method is able to provide a very good quality of machined gears in relation to competing methods. The great advantage of this method is the use of a tool that is not geometrically related to the shape of the machined gear profile, which allows the production of cylindrical gears with a tooth and profile line other than the standard.
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Muchlis, Andre, Wrastawa Ridwan, and Iskandar Zulkarnain Nasibu. "Rancang Bangun Mesin CNC (Computer Numerical Control) Laser dengan Metode Design for Assembly." Jambura Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering 3, no. 1 (January 9, 2021): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37905/jjeee.v3i1.9228.
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CNC Laser (Computer Numerical Control) adalah alat yang memiliki fungsi untuk mengukir/mencetak berbagai tulisan dan kaliqrafi secara otomatis berdasarkan media yang digunakan seperti Acrilic, Fiber, Almunium, dan kayu. Perancangan CNC laser menggunakan metode Design For Assembly Boothroyd (DFA), G-Code, dan Closed Loop System (Loop Tertutup). Kelebihan metode DFA yaitu mengestimasikan pengurangan waktu perakitan. Metode G-Code lebih ke menyatukan gerakan yang akan di lakukan mesin, seperti bergeser ke titik A, titik B. Kemudian pada metode Closed Loop System (Loop Tertutup) bekerja mengirim sinyal umpan balik ke pengendali untuk mengecilkan kesalahan sistem. Hasil pengujian dari komponen pada masing-masing alat secara keseluruhan berupa input dan output menjadi kesatuan alat mesin CNC laser cutting dan engraver. Software GRBL dihubungkan pada CNC shild. GRBL mengirim G-Code ke arduino dan menerjemahkan isi dari G-Code satu persatu untuk menghasilkan pergerakan motor stepper dan cahaya laser. Telah didapatkan sistem pengontrolan mesin laser engravir yang bisa menggerakkan mesin kearah dua sumbu X dan Y, yang tersusun dari beberapa komponen yaitu komputer, kontroler arduino nano, motor stepper, laser module, power supplay dan emergency stop. Pengujian laser engraver dilakukan dengan medium plywood dan berbagai pola gambar. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan alat dapat bekerja sesuai dengan pola gambar yang ada.CNC Laser (Computer Numerical Control) tools that have a function to automatically engrave / print various writings and kaliqrafi based on the media used such as Acrilic, Fiber, Aluminum, and wood. CNC laser design uses the Design For Assembly Boothroyd (DFA), G-Code, and Closed Loop System (Closed Loop) method. The advantage of the DFA method is that it estimates the reduced assembly time. The G-Code method is more about unifying the movements that the machine will do, such as moving from point A to point B. Then the Closed Loop System method works to send a feedback signal to the controller to minimize system errors. The test results of the components on each tool as a whole are in the form of input and output into a unity of the CNC laser cutting and engraver machine tool. GRBL software is linked to the CNC shild. The GRBL sends the G-Code to the Arduino and translates the contents of the G-Code one by one to produce stepper motor movement and laser light. A schematic of a laser engraving machine control system that is able to move the machine towards two axes X and Y, which is composed of several components, namely a computer, Arduino nano controller, stepper motor, laser module, power supply and emergency stop. Laser engraver testing was carried out using plywood and various image patterns. The test results show that the tool can work in accordance with existing image patterns.
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Sun, Yu Xin, Ling Ding, Tao Shi, and Xian Xing Liu. "Finite Element Analysis and Dynamics Charateristic Study for High-Speed Magnetic Suspension Motorized Spindle of CNC Machine Tools." Advanced Materials Research 317-319 (August 2011): 595–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.317-319.595.
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According to magnetic suspension motorized spindle system, high speed motorized spindle system based on bearingless induction motor is presented in this paper. The prototype of high speed motorized spindle system with bearingless induction motor is studied and analyzed by using finite element analysis software Ansoft/Maxwell and Riccati transfer matrix method, and compared with high speed motorized spindle system supported by Active Magnetic Bearing (AMB). The results show that high speed motorized spindle system with bearingless induction motor has distinct advantage of simple and compact structure, which is easier to realize high speed and extra-high speed operation.
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Bergamo, Enrico, Marco Fasan, and Chiara Bedon. "Predictivity of CNC Machine-Induced Vibrations on Inter-Story Floors Based on Coupled Experimental-Numerical Investigations." Proceedings 64, no. 1 (November 23, 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecat2020-08529.
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Machine-induced vibrations and their control represent, for several reasons, a crucial design issue for buildings, and especially for industrial facilities. A special attention is required, at the early design stage, for the structural and dynamic performance assessment of the load-bearing members, given that they should be optimally withstand potentially severe machinery operations. To this aim, however, the knowledge of the input vibration source is crucial. This paper investigates a case-study eyewear factory built in Italy during 2019 and characterized by various non-isolated computer numerical control (CNC) vertical machinery centers mounted on the inter-story floor. Accordingly, the structure started to suffer for pronounced resonance issues. Following the past experience, this paper reports on the efficiency of a coupled experimental-numerical method for generalized predictive and characterization studies. The advantage is that the machinery features are derived from on-site experiments on the equipment, as well as on the floor. The experimental outcomes are then assessed and integrated with the support of Finite Element (FE) numerical simulations, to explore the resonance performance of the floor. The predictability of marked resonance issues is thus analyzed, with respect to the reference performance indicators.
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Fu, Li Li, Yong Li Liu, and Li Jing Hao. "Research on Spectral Clustering." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 1350–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.1350.
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Spectral clustering algorithm is a kind of clustering algorithm based on spectral graph theory. As spectral clustering has deep theoretical foundation as well as the advantage in dealing with non-convex distribution, it has received much attention in machine learning and data mining areas. The algorithm is easy to implement, and outperforms traditional clustering algorithms such as K-means algorithm. This paper aims to give some intuitions on spectral clustering. We describe different graph partition criteria, the definition of spectral clustering, and clustering steps, etc. Finally, in order to solve the disadvantage of spectral clustering, some improvements are introduced briefly.
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Cheng, Guang Zhen, and Yuan Bo Cheng. "Design and Characteristic Analysis for Indexing Mechanism of Rotation Worktable." Applied Mechanics and Materials 34-35 (October 2010): 1573–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.34-35.1573.
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Aim is designing the indexing rotation worktable, used for machine process indexing rotation. in this paper introduced two kind of working method of rotation worktable, indexing rotation and circle feeding. Particularly discuss structure compose, drive fashion, transmission mechanism ,orientation clamp mechanism, working principle, indexing rotation action course, about swing hydraulic motor indexing mechanism, rack piston hydraulic cylinder indexing mechanism and hydraulic cylinder Geneva wheel indexing mechanism. through analysis and compare, summarize advantage and disadvantage of the three mechanisms, supply reference for designing and selecting indexing mechanism. the new is used hydraulic cylinder Geneva wheel mechanism to indexing rotation worktable.
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Liu, Jia Bao, and Xiao Feng Zhou. "Study on Feature Modeling Based on Ontology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 385-386 (August 2013): 1760–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.385-386.1760.
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Feature-oriented domain analysis has become a more popular method for domain analysis today. However, feature model the main products of feature-oriented domain analysis method is very difficult to translate into the form of machine recognition. Moreover, it can't model detection. Feature model based on ontology can make up for these shortcomings, so this paper will study on feature modeling based on ontology. The main contents of this paper are: relationship between feature model and ontology, feature modeling framework based on ontology, the advantage and disadvantage of feature model based on ontology and general feature model.
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Tsai, Jo Peng, Hsin Yu Cheng, Jen Her Wu, and Rong Shean Lee. "Development of KM-Based Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Method for Evaluation of 4-Axis CNC Machine Tool." Applied Mechanics and Materials 163 (April 2012): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.163.143.
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Facing the increasing competitive environment of globalization, companies are forced to make careful decisions so as to get the competitive advantage. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method has be proposed and popularly applied in many disciplines over three decades. In the past, many scholars also developed various improved methods such as Delphi AHP , fuzzy AHP, or Analytic Network Process (ANP) to enhance the decision quality. However, all the current AHP related methods have no function to provide enough reference information and a friendly environment to support the decision makers. Recently, Knowledge Management (KM) has attracted a great deal of interest in industry and academy. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed a KM-based AHP decision-making method to provide the questionnaire designer a guideline or reference and developed a decision-support web questionnaire system based on the knowledge chain model. A case study of selecting a 4-axis machine tool was illustrated the implementation and applicability of this method, a mold manufacturing company was invited as the survey objective. The method proposed in this research provides a different research direction and it is general in form to be applied for the other multi-criteria decision making cases.
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Hoyos Pulgarín, Elizabeth, María Zuluaga-Posada, and Yesid Montoya. "Performance evaluation of a novel force measuring device for Friction Stir Welding (FSW) of aluminum alloys." DYNA 86, no. 210 (July 1, 2019): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v86n210.70359.
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Friction Stir Welding (FSW) has the advantage of generating sound welds on materials that generally present low weldability by traditional fusion welding processes, such as 2xxx and 7xxx aluminum alloys. Force measurement in FSW provides significant information about the process, the machine requirements, the effect of selected parameters, and weld soundness. In this paper, an axial force measuring device was designed, built, and tested to be used in a CNC adapted system. All tests were performed using AA 7075-T6 and a butt joint configuration. The forces obtained by the device match, in profile, key values, and trends, the ones found in literature which allows to conclude that this is a functional and sufficient device for the application.
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Et.al, V. Venkatrami Reddy. "Modelling and Manufacturing of Progressive die for Mechanical Press Operations." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 3 (April 10, 2021): 3662–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i3.1647.
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A progressive die is a type of die in which multiple operations performed in a single stroke, which was mostly used in sheet metal operations. The working process of sheet metal is widely used in all manufacturing industries such as mechanical, defense and automotive etc. The key advantage of metal working process involves enhancement of production rate and cost reduction. This paper is aimed to develop a multi-functional die which can perform simultaneously both punching and blanking operations in one stroke. The present work is mainly focused on modeling and manufacturing of the die components, where PRO-E was used for modelling and FANUC controlled CNC machine was used to execute and prepared part program.
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Zhang, Xiao Dong, and Jin Jin Zhang. "Dynamic Design of Six-Station Automatic Hydraulic Stretching Machine." Key Engineering Materials 522 (August 2012): 256–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.522.256.
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Hydraulic stretch forming is a very important technology. Punch press has achieved multi-station automatic processing in the press area, which has greatly improved the efficiency. However, the main domestic stretching machine is single-stretching hydraulic machine at present. Compared with punch press, hydraulic stretching machines take less space and have better security, but they make less efficiency and have lower degree of automation. Hence, in order to take the advantage of hydraulic stretching machines and enhance the automation level, studies on multi-position automatic stretching machine occupies an important position. This paper proposes a design scheme of Six-station Automatic Hydraulic Stretching Machine (SAHSM) according to the practical production. The overall 3D structure of SAHSM is designed based on Solidworks to prove the theoretical possibility of the program. Then modal analysis is operated based on FEA of the key components of stretching machine module to improve reliability of the product and overcome the disadvantage of the traditional checking method, the first two-order modes are obtained to prove the impossibility of the resonance. At last, ADAMS-based virtual prototype is analyzed to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the SAHSM dynamic design proposed in this paper
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Гребеников, А. Г., Ю. В. Дьяченко, В. В. Коллеров, И. В. Малков, Н. И. Москаленко, and В. А. Урбанович. "КОНСТРУКТИВНО-ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НЕСУЧИХ ПОВЕРХОНЬ ВЕРТОЛЬОТА З ПОЛІМЕРНИХ КОМПОЗИЦІЙНИХ МА-ТЕРІАЛІВ." Open Information and Computer Integrated Technologies, no. 84 (July 2, 2019): 4–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/oikit.2019.84.01.
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The analysis of both foreign and domestic experience in the use of polymer composite materials in the structures of the lifting surfaces of a helicopter (blades, wing, stabilizer, fin), as well as the technological features of the manufacture of such structures is performed. The design and technological and operational advantages and disadvantages of composite blades compared to all-metal blades are noted. The load-carrying structures of the composite main rotor blades of a helicopter, as well as the schemes of special joints of the MR blade and the polymer composite materials package are considered. The route scheme for manufacturing of the composite blade of a helicopter is presented. The technological features of manufacturing the composite spar of a blade are analyzed by the methods of lay-up and winding-on. The scheme and route technology for manufacturing the tail section of a blade, including the scheme of lay-up and molding of composite covers and ribs, are presented. The efficiency of the equipment for automatic cutting of the roll prepreg and manual lay-up of the prepreg layers with the help of a laser projector is noted. The technological tasks of special software for lay-up CNC equipment are given. The technological transitions of the general assembly-bonding of a helicopter composite blade in the assembly jig are presented. Recommendations are given on the method of manufacturing a monoblock lifting surfaces of type of a wing, tail pylon and helicopter stabilizer from polymer composite materials using automated winding-on. A scheme of surface reinforcement is proposed. It allows to obtain a variable wall thickness from the root rib to the end rib. The trajectories of movement of the working bodies of a three-coordinate CNC winding machine for their implementation are determined. A variant of a computer simulation of the stages of lay-up of a reinforcing tape on a technological mandrel is shown. The technology of manufacturing a low aspect wing made of polymer composite materials by the method of automated winding is presented.