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Journal articles on the topic 'Advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing'
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1
Stapf, Joe. "The Advantages and Disadvantages of Outsourcing." Journal - American Water Works Association 94, no. 4 (April 2002): 66–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8833.2002.tb09454.x.
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Nazarenko, O., and A. Surovitskaya. "ACCOUNTING OUTSOURCING: ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES, AND PECULIARITIES OF INTRODUCTION." Ekonomika ta derzhava, no. 12 (December 28, 2018): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32702/2306-6806.2018.12.50.
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Tayauova, Gulzhanat. "Advantages and disadvantages of outsourcing: analysis of outsourcing practices of Kazakhstan banks." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 41 (2012): 188–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.04.023.
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Ayaad, Omar, Majeda A. Al-Ruzzieh, Bayan Qaddumi, Ahmad Al Hroub, Malik Ayyad, Sami Abuseif, and Yusuf Çelik. "Outsourcing services in the healthcare sector: balancing risks and benefits." British Journal of Healthcare Management 28, no. 3 (March 2, 2022): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjhc.2020.0171.
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The outsourcing of services in the healthcare sector needs to be thoroughly investigated and comprehensively reviewed to determine the advantages, disadvantages and challenges for healthcare providers. This review explores outsourcing in the context of healthcare services, with the aim of helping managers to understand and facilitate service outsourcing effectively within their healthcare organisations by maintaining the balance between maximising benefits and minimising risks.
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Gadzhieva, E. Y. "OUTSOURCING IN IT-TECHNOLOGY." Scientific bulletin of the Southern Institute of Management, no. 1 (March 30, 2018): 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31775/2305-3100-2018-1-35-37.
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The article assesses the application of IT outsourcing by Russian and foreign companies. The definition of outsourcing is given, the advantages and disadvantages of applying IT outsourcing in the current business environment are outlined and analyzed, examples of this business process are shown on the example of offshore and internal outsourcing, and the largest companies in this market are indicated. The article describes the risks of outsourcing for the company-customer, and describes the conditions for the effective application of this practice.
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Nakonechnaya, T., D. Artemyeva, A. Elizarieva, and N. Stepanova. "On Accounting Outsourcing in Russia." Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, no. 5 (May 15, 2020): 346–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/54/44.
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The history of the emergence of outsourcing in the world and its appearance in Russia is considered. The advantages and disadvantages of using outsourcing are analyzed. The assessment of the opportunities and prospects of outsourcing in the field of accounting services in Russia. In conclusion, it is concluded that outsourcing can improve the efficiency of the enterprise as a whole and use the freed up organizational, financial and human resources to develop new areas or concentrate efforts that do not require increased attention.
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Galyna Liakhovych, Svitlana Bezruchuk, Valentyna Ivanenko, and Svitlana Laichuk. "SWOT-ANALYSIS OF ACCOUNTING OUTSOURCING." European Cooperation 3, no. 43 (June 30, 2019): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32070/ec.v3i43.50.
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A SWOT-analysis is considered as a tool of the strategic management for determining the feasibility of using accounting outsourcing as a way of the enterprise optimisation. It was found that the main interaction forms between the contractor and the customer of accounting outsourcing are the following ones: provision of accounting services; keeping records of only certain transactions or objects; integrated accounting and analytical support of all the enterprise activities; performance of the duties of the senior accounting officer of the enterprise. The list of enterprises, for which it is recommended to use accounting outsourcing is expanded, in particular newly created enterprises in a crisis condition; enterprises engaged in activities abroad; large enterprises, etc. The critical analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of accounting outsourcing is carried out and the necessity of SWOT-analysis potential risks and advantages of using accounting outsourcing in the short-term and long-term prospects are emphasised. It is noted that each advantage may pose a threat to the enterprise without taking into account certain key points of using accounting outsourcing, while the potential risks of using accounting outsourcing in the long run may be an advantage for the enterprise. The internal and external environments were analysed with the help of the extended model of SWOT-analysis from the position of the strengths and weaknesses of the enterprise, its capabilities and expected threats. An algorithm for enhancing the benefits and eliminating the shortcomings of accounting outsourcing should be developed during the decision-making on the usage of outsourcing in the enterprise activities. According to the results of SWOT-analysis, a matrix of measures on the expediency of accounting outsourcing has been formed, which will allow to predict the threats and potential opportunities at the stage of planning the use or refusal to use the accounting outsourcing services.
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Chuiko, A. K., and A. V. Kolesnikov. "Outsourced Marketing Script." Normirovanie i oplata truda v promyshlennosti (Rationing and remuneration of labor in industry), no. 4 (April 20, 2021): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/pro-3-2104-07.
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The study examined cases when it is necessary or possible to transfer marketing as a whole process or its individual functions to outsourcing, taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of this tool.
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Fedorova, Svetlana. "IT outsourcing development trends." SHS Web of Conferences 106 (2021): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202110603004.
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IT outsourcing is one of the new types of outsourcing. One of the current trends is the use of IT instead of other types of outsourcing. IT outsourcing implies the maintenance of the entire information infrastructure of a company (or individual components) by a third-party company, which specializes in these processes. This is a refusal to hire information technology specialists. There is no universal classification of IT outsourcing services. Several types of IT outsourcing can be distinguished: external and internal; resource and functional; outsourcing of IT infrastructure, IT processes or full outsourcing; disposable and long-term; main and additional. The IT outsourcing has a number of advantages: financial savings, the ability to engage in specialized activities, professional services, promptness of implementation of new technologies. IT outsourcing has some disadvantages: data security, trade secrets, and poor-quality services. Before using IT outsourcing services, a company should analyze business processes, determine the economic efficiency, and conclude a contract.
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Trofimova, N. N. "Business process outsourcing as a key strategy of enterprises in an unstable economic situation." Upravlenie 8, no. 4 (December 25, 2020): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2309-3633-2020-8-4-71-78.
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The article considers business process outsourcing from the point of view of the strategic basis for the activities of enterprises in an unstable economy. The paper shows that, presently, the outsourcing strategy is becoming the new norm and is changing the entire world economy. The study uses the author’s approach, based on the methods of scientific generalization, comparative analysis, systemic and situational approach. The paper justifies the application of the outsourcing strategy at enterprises, ascertains the main advantages and disadvantages of its implementation. The author develops a model of enterprise transformation based on business process outsourcing. The study gives recommendations for outsourcing business processes, the implementation of which will allow enterprises to optimize their management strategy in an unstable economic situation. This article can serve as a basis for further research in the field of strategic management based on outsourcing technologies.
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Tatia Ghurtskaia, Tatia Ghurtskaia, Guram Samkharadze Guram Samkharadze, and Karlo Gurtskaia Karlo Gurtskaia. "Outsourcing - The Real Way To Reduce Costs." PIRETC-Proceeding of The International Research Education & Training Centre 104, no. 1-2 (April 4, 2021): 181–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/ecs104/1-2-181.
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Outsourcing allows companies to reduce costs, which contributes to the growth of their competitiveness. Simply outsourcing is the transfer of production or business processes from one company to another that is an expert in this field. This process has both advantages and disadvantages. Outsourcing allows companies to focus on their core business, while performing non-core operations can be entrusted to outsourcers who are professionals in this field. Globalization has led to an increase in the quality of outsourcing. Outsourcing plays an important role in the development of information technology, as large Western companies in the field of information technology transfer their research and development work to countries such as China, India and Brazil. Without outsourcing, the creative minds of these countries will not be able to participate in innovation processes and development. Consequently, by promoting the development and growth of information technology, outsourcing has accelerated the process of globalization. Keywords: outsourcing, costs, costly activities, transportation-logistics operations.
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Neves, Henrique de Castro, Jose Carlos De Souza Colares, Joao Bosco Favero, Jean Carlo Silva Dos Santos, and Rosangela Aparecida Da Silva. "Effects of the Decision-Making Process on the Competitive Advantage in Costs Obtained After Implementing Outsourcing." International Journal of Business Administration 12, no. 5 (September 15, 2021): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v12n5p33.
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This article aims to answer how the decision process model used to adjudicate on the implementation of outsourcing in the company affected the competitive advantage in costs obtained by the organization after the implementation of subcontracting. Therefore, the financial results obtained by the company in the period from 2015 to 2019 were analysed in order to know if there were competitive advantages in costs arising from the decision to implement outsourcing. Studies were also carried out on the structure of the decision-making process adopted by the entity to identify the level of efficiency of this model in the implementation of outsourcing, and finally, the impacts generated on these advantages due to the degree of efficiency of the tool application were verified. The research strategy was qualitative and quantitative, with an exploratory bias, bibliographic survey and structured interview. A mathematical model was used based on 14 (fourteen) decision-making efficiency indicators, 4 (four) efficiency level classification indicators and 5 (five) classification criteria for performance. The results showed that there is sufficient evidence to conclude that the low level of efficiency in the decision-making structure contributed to the high financial impact on Company Alpha and, consequently, to the negative impact on competitiveness acquired through the implementation of outsourcing in this entity, which caused financial disadvantages represented by losses in operating income and reduction in profitability.
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Sobol, Marion G., and Uday Apte. "Domestic and Global Outsourcing Practices of America's Most Effective is Users." Journal of Information Technology 10, no. 4 (December 1995): 269–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026839629501000407.
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With increasing cost-reduction pressures, outsourcing – selectively turning over some information systems functions and processing services to a subcontractor – has emerged in the last few years as an important option for chief information officers (CIOs). In this paper we present the results of our exploratory, empirical research into the practices and views of IS outsourcing. The research methodology of a questionnaire-based mail survey was used. The survey sample consisted of companies that were identified as the most effective users of IS by Computerworld magazine. The paper provides empirical evidence on the extent to which outsourcing of various IS functions is being practised, and the views of CIOs concerning the advantages, disadvantages and motives of IS outsourcing. The paper also sheds light on the relationship between various firm characteristics and IS outsourcing, and investigates the economics of, and decision-making processes in, IS outsourcing. There is a special focus on the comparison of USA-based and global IS outsourcing.
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Dubrovskaya, Tat’yana Nikolaevna. "The performance of companies in terms of outsourcing." Vestnik MGSU, no. 4 (April 2016): 108–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2016.4.108-118.
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In the article the essence of outsourcing as a new form of employment relations is considered, its features are defined in comparison with traditional forms of employment, its advantages and disadvantages are given. The authors describe the reasons why companies resort to outsourcing, in particular, on the example of small business, illustrate the strategic importance of outsourcing. The practical application of outsourcing is becoming more widespread in the modern business. The scientific and actual role of outsourcing in the management of the enterprise has greatly increased, which is proved by the fact that today more than fifty per cent of current foreign companies apply data approach. Thus today in the Russian Federation outsourcing is at an early stage of formation and relates mainly to restructuring of business entities and development of the market of information technologies. The analysis allowed determining the provisional value of the outsourcers’ services. The basis of determining the cost of the services is the cost of maintenance of one unit of standard accounting service. The calculations show that for the investigated enterprise it is very advantageous to transfer a number of business process to outsourcing, and there is a need to carefully consider over the choice of an outsourcer in order to avoid the negative sides of the work under this type of agreements. When deciding about outsourcing, one needs to analyze the financial and organizational costs, while keeping the risks of associated with the work in terms of outsourcing in the analysis area.
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Apte, Uday M., Marion G. Sobol, Sho Hanaoka, Tatsumi Shimada, Timo Saarinen, Timo Salmela, and Ari P. J. Vepsalainen. "Is Outsourcing Practices in the Usa, Japan and Finland: A Comparative Study." Journal of Information Technology 12, no. 4 (December 1997): 289–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026839629701200405.
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With increasing cost-reduction pressures, outsourcing of information systems (IS) functions has emerged as an important option for managers in companies around the world. In this paper we present the results of our exploratory, empirical research comparing practices of domestic and global IS outsourcing in the USA, Japan and Finland. The research methodology of a mail survey with similar questionnaires was used in all three countries. The paper provides new empirical evidence comparing these countries on the types of functions being commonly outsourced, the extent to which these functions are outsourced, views of Chief Information Officers (CIOs) on the desired cost savings and the comparative ratings of the advantages and disadvantages of IS outsourcing. Also compared are the roles played by different executives in making outsourcing decisions. The implications of these results for IS managers and directions for future research are presented in the conclusions.
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Trofimova, N. N., and A. S. Budagov. "ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF OUTSOURCING OF KEY BUSINESS PROCESSES OF AN ENTERPRISE IN MODERN CONDITIONS ." Вестник Алтайской академии экономики и права 1, no. 12 2021 (2021): 169–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/vaael.1980.
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Izzati, Nabiyla Risfa. "IMPROVING OUTSOURCING SYSTEM IN INDONESIA: FIXING THE GAP OF LABOUR REGULATION." Mimbar Hukum - Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada 29, no. 3 (January 12, 2018): 528. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jmh.28372.
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AbstractOutsourcing is always been one crucial issues in Indonesian labour law. Since this system legalized by Law Number 13 Year 2003 on Manpower, there has been a lot of resistance from workers and unions, because outsourcing system is considered detrimental to the position of workers. However, does abolishing outsourcing system the best solution? This research will trace the history of Indonesia's outsourcing system, the advantages and disadvantages of this system, and some possible ways to improve the system. By improving outsourcing system within the legal framework and its implementation, it is not impossible that this system will bring benefits to both workers and employers. Intisari Outsourcing atau alih daya merupakan salah satu permasalahan yang krusial dalam ranah hukum ketenagakerjaan di Indonesia. Sejak awal model hubungan kerja ini dilegalkan oleh Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2003 tentang Ketenagakerjaan, muncul banyak perlawanan dan resistensi dari kalangan pekerja dan serikat pekerja karena dianggap merugikan posisi pekerja. Namun, apakah menghapuskan sistem outsourcing merupakan solusi? Penelitian ini akan menelusuri sejarah sistem outsourcing Indonesia, kelamahan dan kelebihan sistem ini, serta cara yang mungkin dilakukan untuk memperbaiki sistem ini. Dengan memperbaiki sistem outsourcing dalam kerangka hukum dan pelaksanaan, bukan tidak mungkin sistem ini justru membawa kemanfaatan bagi pekerja maupun pengusaha.
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Zhang, Yue. "Study on the Software Outsourcing Development of Liaoning Province." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 4942–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.4942.
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Since the 1990s, the increasingly more fierce competitions and the changing-over market demands all over the world have pushed all kinds of enterprises to be faced with great pressures that they are necessary to constantly shorten the time of delivery, reduce all costs, increase the qualities of products and improve the services. For this reason, it is highly difficult for these enterprises to depend on their internal resources to cope with those great pressures, which just converts the service outsourcing into a major engine of the transnational investments. Furthermore, the software outsourcing, as a quite popular service outsourcing model at the international world at the present time, is highly more and more obvious to transfer to China. Under the circumstances, in this paper, the author tries conducting an argumentation analysis on the software outsourcing development of Liaoning province from the aspects of its regional environment, talent environment, industrial environment, and social environment, makes a conclusion on the advantages and disadvantages of the Liaoning province in the software outsourcing, and finally puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.
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Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor, Kashif Latif, Mohd Nazari Ismail, and Mohammad Nazri. "Partners’ Compatibility Synergistic Model : A Way Forward to Achieve Success by Weighing Advantages and Disadvantages of Outsourcing." Oman Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review 7, no. 4 (October 2018): 87–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0052288.
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ADASIUK, ILONA, and OKSANA MARTYNIUK. "SWOT-ANALYSIS OF OUTSOURCING OF ACCOUNTING SERVICES." HERALD OF KHMELNYTSKYI NATIONAL UNIVERSITY 296, no. 4 (June 2021): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2021-296-4-15.
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The article based on SWOT-analysis of outsourcing of accounting services. Accounting services can be improved if you can work on your strengths, as well as correct the weaknesses of the company or area where you lose points. SWOT-analysis is considered as a tool of strategic management to determine the feasibility of using accounting outsourcing as a way to optimize the enterprise. SWOT consists mainly of two main parts: strengths and weaknesses, which will indicate the internal aspect, and threats and opportunities related to external factors for the company (but those that are present in the environment). In essence, we test the effectiveness of the accounting services provided by the contractors that your business provides against this background. With this analysis, the firm can understand the problems, ie where they lack work and why, because these are periods during the year when work becomes fragile. Why this happens is best analyzed because of it. A set of business goals are things that outsourcing companies need to invest because simple marketing is not enough. The analysis of advantages and disadvantages of accounting outsourcing is carried out and the necessity of SWOT-analysis of potential risks and advantages of using perspectives of accounting outsourcing is emphasized. The internal and external environment was analyzed using an extended SWOT analysis model from the standpoint of strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and expected threats. Based on the results of the SWOT-analysis, a matrix has been formed that will allow predicting threats and potential opportunities at the stage of planning the use or refusal to use accounting outsourcing services.
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Ensslin, Leonardo, Clarissa Carneiro Mussi, Ademar Dutra, Sandra Rolim Ensslin, and Sandro Natalino Demetrio. "Management Support Model for Information Technology Outsourcing." Journal of Global Information Management 28, no. 3 (July 2020): 123–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jgim.2020070107.
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This study deals with the problem of outsourcing management, presenting a structure to support decision-making on effective information-technology outsourcing and highlighting the advantages and disadvantages that must be addressed. Since the study involves multiple variables, partially defined and conflicting objectives, and the will of decision-makers to broaden their understanding of the impact of decisions, the study used the multicriteria decision aid constructivist method to lead data collection and analysis. The chief results presented are: (i) a structured appraisal arranged by 8 strategic objectives and 107 performance indicators; (ii) the strengths and weaknesses of the status quo; and (iii) a process diagram for generating improvements. To ensure presentation of scientific and practical recognition in accordance with the constructivist path, the epistemological view adopted meets the scientific and practical requirements to ensure validity, legitimacy, and effectiveness of a model to support a decision-making process in a practical environment.
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Borowska, Mariola Wioletta, Anna Augustynowicz, and Aleksandra Izabela Czerw. "Analysis the activity of medical entities in the field of outsourcing in selected types of basic activity." Diagnostyka Laboratoryjna 55, no. 1 (January 15, 2019): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7276.
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The literature includes extensive presentation of experiences relating to the application of outsourcing method in healthcare in subsequent countries. The aim of the research is to analyze the activity of medical entities of outsourcing in basic activities including laboratory diagnostics, imaging diagnostics and medical staff in 2018. The research material consisted of original questionnaires carried out in 2018 by electronic means in medical entities indicated in the National Register of Medicinal Entities. Outsourcing of laboratory diagnostics, diagnostic imaging and medical staff was investigated. The questions concerned the number of entities using outsourcing with indication of the type of services covered by outsourcing; reasons for outsourcing; advantages and disadvantages, including measuring the financial effectiveness of outsourcing; monitoring of the outsourcing partner. The study included 750 medicinal entities. Most – 72% of respondents declared using an external company in the field of laboratory diagnostics. The most common reason for the treatment entities to use outsourcing services was too high cost of maintaining their own employees, need to introduce financial savings and gaining access to the highest quality knowledge and technologies. One of the benefits of outsourcing obtained by healthcare entities is financial efficiency. The average value of the savings estimate estimated by the respondents was 15.56% with a standard deviation equal to 1.14. Medical entities evaluate external companies. The most frequent was monitoring of laboratory diagnostics (65% of responses), and the least frequently – medical personnel (27% of responses). There were two ways to conduct monitoring: informal internal control and formalized assessment based on the specificity of the service. Too high personnel costs are the reason for outsourcing if they are caused by employing people on the basis of an employment relationship. Financial savings are the leading effect of outsourcing. The most frequent monitoring of laboratory diagnostics services may be a consequence of detailed legal regulations.
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Šantavá, Eva, Benjamin Schmacher, Viktória Talnagiová, and Jozef Sablik. "Outsourcing Workers in the form of a Subsidiary." Research Papers Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Slovak University of Technology 28, no. 46 (June 1, 2020): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rput-2020-0007.
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AbstractMany production companies have fully adopted a lean management philosophy, but their finances and control departments also need to adapt to this trend. All departments must adapt to the changing requirements and reflect the new challenges in production management. The controlling has undergone a lot of changes. Downloading data is no longer the only task of a controller. Controlling can be integrated into the organizational structure of the company internally as well as externally. Our goal is to define the advantages and disadvantages of using an internal or external controller. To decide whether to outsource some of the process is not just a question of cost reduction or time reduction. Companies very often decide for outsourcing in case of processes, which require special “know how” or are key from the competitiveness point of view. Outsourcing therefore represents a strategic change. Cost savings are only a side effect.
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Kuzmina, E. Yu, and I. V. Soklakova. "OUTSOURCING AS AN EFFECTIVE FORM OF RECRUITMENT." Scientific Journal ECONOMIC SYSTEMS 13, no. 2 (2020): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.29030/2309-2076-2020-13-2-111-118.
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This article discusses the possibilities of using modern organization outsourcing in the field of HR. The article analyzes the company’s ability to attract temporary specialists. The example of a production company shows the influence of various factors on the recruitment of personnel, such as seasonal demand, the actions of competitors, the needs of the company itself in specialists of different profiles. The advantages and disadvantages of using outsourcing are highlighted. The effectiveness of outsourcing practices in hiring staff is proved. It is emphasized that such important goals of outsourcing are achieved as improving the quality of goods and services, increasing the financial stability of the enterprise while maintaining its core activities. Self-employment creates additional risks associated with non-compliance with professional qualifications, lack of necessary experience, and unfair performance of official duties. The comparison of budgets for self-employment and outsourcing, which take into account the additional costs of finding and hiring temporary employees, as well as their training, concludes that it is profitable to attract temporary employees, if it is possible to conclude an outsourcing contract. But in terms of reducing costs and oversupply of the labor market, it is possible to hire on their own, since this does not require additional training of temporary staff, the salary Fund and payments to the budget will decrease, and the lack of requirements for high qualification of the necessary workers will significantly simplify their search and hiring.
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Diachek, Vitalii, Olga Diachek, and Tetiana Shuba. "Fulfillment in Logistic Infrastructure of International Internet-Trade of Ukrainian Companies." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.3 (September 15, 2018): 414. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.3.19853.
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The article describes the concept of fulfillment, its essence and role for ensuring effective international trade on the Internet. The structure and complex of basic and additional services of fulfillment were considered. The authors gave the specific features of fulfillment that define this type of activity. The advantages and disadvantages of fulfillment outsourcing were determined. It was justified the expediency of transferring this activity to a fulfillment operator, especially in cases when small companies and start-ups start to trade internationally. The structure and algorithm of providing fulfillment services by the operators were analyzed.
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Rodionova, I. A., K. P. Kolotyrin, and V. N. Pavlov. "INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL AGRICULTURAL BUSINESS ON THE BASIS OF NETWORK OUTSOURCING." Scientific Review Theory and Practice 11, no. 7 (2021): 2160–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.35679/2226-0226-2021-11-7-2160-2169.
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Currently, outsourcing is be- coming one of the most effective tools for in- novation, stimulating the development of new forms of cooperation based on the networking of organizations. At the same time, outsourcing requires significant efforts for organizations, their organizational transformation, the ability to buildand maintain long-term business relationships. The methodological basis of the study was the development of scientists in the field of innovative development of small agribusiness on the basis of network cooperation, the study of foreign experience in the use of outsourcing in agriculture. General scientific and empirical research methods were applied, including abstract-logical, monographic, economic-statistical and comparison method. The analysis showed that the leading strategy of the agricultural business today is a strategy based on rigid forms of integration. However, with the development and complication of inter-firm ties, the replacement of rigid forms of integration with soft, network or hybrid ones, which are based on mutual benefit and co- operation, is gradually observed. In this regard, network outsourcing represents an alternative to vertical and horizontal integration. The article shows the advantages and disadvantages of network structures; revealed the trends influencing the strategy of outsourcing introduction; the factors hindering its development have been identified; a comparative analysis of agricultural outsourcing in Russia and foreign countries for the main business processes has been carried out. It is concluded that in order to increase the innovative activity of small agribusiness, it is necessary to use more tools and mechanisms of digital technologies, including various forms of network cooperation, such as outsourcing.
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Kravchuk, Natalia. "MODERN SYSTEMS OF PERSONNEL SELECTION AS A BASIS FOR THE HUMAN CAPITAL FORMING AT THE ENTERPRISE." Regional’ni aspekti rozvitku produktivnih sil Ukraїni, no. 22 (2017): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/rarrpsu2017.22.107.
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The article examines the essence, main advantages and disadvantages, as well as the tools of selection and selection of personnel at modern enterprises. In particular, external sources (consulting, outsourcing, Internet, recruiting, the State Employment Service) and internal (Internet, universities, media, own resumes, personal contacts, fairs) of the source are classified as the main methods of employee search. The main methods for recruiting staff were interviewing, Brainteaser-interviews, stressinterviews, physiognomy and others. The efficiency of using the methods of selection and selection of personnel in modern economic conditions for increasing the profitability of business entities has been proved.
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Bezrodny, Alexey А., Renat R. Yunushev, Anatoly М. Korolenok, and Oleg S. Zaytsev. "Structure models and control algorithms for technical maintenance of gas station nets." SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGIES OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION 10, no. 5 (October 31, 2020): 353–549. http://dx.doi.org/10.28999/2541-9595-2020-10-5-535-549.
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Proper maintenance of industrial and service nets is an important question of the modern economy since consumers are served by means of them and interaction between parts of systems is done in such a way. It is also specifically important in energy sector that in its turn provides all of the economy operation. Nowadays there are known both centralized and decentralized systems of the technical maintenance that are operated either by themselves or by means of external control (outsourcing). This article deals with the discussion of advantages and disadvantages of the models and choosing the best of them accordingly to the given criteria.
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Zhang, Wei, Cheng Li, Shen Jing Chen, Yun Du, and Xin Li. "The Study on the Typical KPO Service Modes Undertook by the Scientific and Technical Information Institutes Based on SWOT Model Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 373-375 (August 2013): 2256–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.373-375.2256.
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The Chinese government departments and enterprises increased emphasis on service outsourcing, especially on knowledge process outsourcing which has knowledge-intensive characteristics. Because the increasing demands for the knowledge services in the current market competition, the Scientific and Technical Information Institutes (as the knowledge service organizations), faced the huge market opportunities, but also faced the huge market challenges. In this paper, based on the service status of the institutes, we select some typical knowledge services modes such as media monitoring, industrial monitoring, and patent information service for SWOT model analysis. And we make the SO, WO, ST, WT strategy research. The SWOT model analysis can help the institutes establish proper understandings and assessments of their competitive strengths. Therefore they can make full use of their advantages, overcome the disadvantages, and develop varieties of knowledge service products suitable for the market demands. Through the efforts, the KPO services will become one of the main business directions for the institutes.
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Kotliarov, I. "The outsourcing-based Model of organization of oil and Gas Industry in Russia: Problems and Ways of Solving." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 9 (September 20, 2015): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2015-9-45-64.
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The paper contains an analysis of advantages and disadvantages of oil service outsourcing for national oil and gas industry. It is demonstrated that the dependence on foreign oil service providers may lead to technological obsolescence of national oil and oil service industries and enables foreign operators to regulate implicitly the effectiveness of the national economy. It is shown that the dependence of Russian oil companies on foreign oil service providers in 2014 is not corporate, but sectoral. This fact, due to high importance of oil and gas industry, produces high risks for Russia’s economy in general. Main ways of development of the Russian oil service industry under sectoral sanctions are described.
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Lukoszová, Xenie, and Ladislav Bartuska. "Using the Tools of Logistics in Terms of Globalization." Applied Mechanics and Materials 708 (December 2014): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.708.93.
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The content of this contribution is aimed at presenting the characters and the tendency of logistics management in terms of globalization. The contents involved in this paper regard the mutually coherent approaches and methods that are suitable for logistics firms’ management, such as Supply Chain Management, Just in Time, Kanban, The outsourcing and IT support of the logistic processes, their advantages and disadvantages with regard to their usefulness in logistics management in a company, as well as the rationalization of these logistical processes are needed to search for the optimization. They will also ensure their effective interaction with other business processes within an enterprise logistics system. The authors have also discussed the strengths and weaknesses of the application tools of logistics in the global market.
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Lutsenko, I. S., and I. V. Konovalova. "Improvement of Logistic Processes Management as a Method of Improving the Activity of Enterprise." Business Inform 11, no. 514 (2020): 430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-11-430-435.
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The article is aimed at defining the role of improving the management of logistic processes as a method of improving the activity of enterprise. The relevance of application of logistic approach in the management of enterprise and definition of the concept of «management of logistic processes» is explored. The reasons for the relevance of the problem of improving the management of logistic processes of enterprise, especially during the period of instability in all countries of the world because of the COVID-19 pandemic, are allocated; factors influencing the efficiency of the supply chain are defined. The goals of supply processes management and supply chains management for the enterprise and logistic system are indicated. The importance of established communications and transparency of information flows of the logistic system in the process of regulation of activities at different levels of organization of logistic processes is substantiated. It is emphasized that the most common type of organization of logistic processes is outsourcing. A definition of logistics outsourcing is provided, the advantages and disadvantages of using outsourcing in logistics activities are considered, since the cost-efficiency of its use is quite a complex parameter, as is the service itself. The expediency of using a methodical approach in the management of logistic processes is examined, according to which the effectiveness of outsourcing of logistic functions is considered as the difference between the costs of the process. The research showed that improvement of management of logistic processes is of particular importance, since their competent organization is the key to improving the efficiency of production and economic activity of enterprise along with rapid adaptation to a changing environment.
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Lutsenko, I. S., and I. V. Konovalova. "Improvement of Logistic Processes Management as a Method of Improving the Activity of Enterprise." Business Inform 11, no. 514 (2020): 430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2020-11-430-435.
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The article is aimed at defining the role of improving the management of logistic processes as a method of improving the activity of enterprise. The relevance of application of logistic approach in the management of enterprise and definition of the concept of «management of logistic processes» is explored. The reasons for the relevance of the problem of improving the management of logistic processes of enterprise, especially during the period of instability in all countries of the world because of the COVID-19 pandemic, are allocated; factors influencing the efficiency of the supply chain are defined. The goals of supply processes management and supply chains management for the enterprise and logistic system are indicated. The importance of established communications and transparency of information flows of the logistic system in the process of regulation of activities at different levels of organization of logistic processes is substantiated. It is emphasized that the most common type of organization of logistic processes is outsourcing. A definition of logistics outsourcing is provided, the advantages and disadvantages of using outsourcing in logistics activities are considered, since the cost-efficiency of its use is quite a complex parameter, as is the service itself. The expediency of using a methodical approach in the management of logistic processes is examined, according to which the effectiveness of outsourcing of logistic functions is considered as the difference between the costs of the process. The research showed that improvement of management of logistic processes is of particular importance, since their competent organization is the key to improving the efficiency of production and economic activity of enterprise along with rapid adaptation to a changing environment.
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Kremin, A. E. "Problems of using it outsourcing for russian economy." Scientific bulletin of the Southern Institute of Management, no. 3 (October 13, 2019): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31775/2305-3100-2019-3-5-13.
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The article discusses the main advantages and disadvantages of using and developing IT outsourcing in the Russian Federation. The analysis of its essence and the dynamics of the relevant indicators that characterize the state of the studied sector of the economy. It is also proved its importance for both the private and public sectors of the economy. However, it is noted that the implementation of the main actions to digitalize the business processes of organizations has become an urgent area only in the last five years, and the main constraint affecting the achievement of the set goals of state development is the problem of the lack of IT specialists, which is being traced at the moment. Moreover, the implementation of managerial impact on this sector of the economy is complicated by the presence of freelance in the IT sector. In particular, its use contributes to an increase in the outflow of IT specialists to other countries for a number of significant reasons. This indicates the need to take appropriate steps on the part of regional authorities on the functioning and development of the IT sphere of both cities and the territories adjacent to them, in order to stimulate the employment processes of the studied category of specialists at Russian enterprises. As the main proposal for solving this problem, it is proposed to organize a dual education system in the IT sphere. Its effective implementation will help to create the human potential of the studied sector of the economy relevant for the Russian labor market in the region, thereby ensuring the employment of graduates at existing enterprises and stimulating the creation of new IT organizations.
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Isakov, Aleksey, Eric Liron, Igor Shtopakov, and Svetlana Semushkina. "Development of business models of managing oil service processes in big oil and gas companies." Moscow University Economics Bulletin, no. 5 (October 31, 2021): 91–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/01300105202155.
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The article considers the features of the business model for managing oilfield service processes in big oil and gas companies using the example of PJSC Oil Company «Rosneft». The purpose of the article is to study current business models in oil and gas industry, identify their advantages and disadvantages, and develop recommendations for improving sourcing procedures in accordance with the dynamics and changes in the external environment of companies' functioning. The research applies a variety of scientific methods which include analysis, synthesis and systematization of conceptual and practical aspects of sourcing in the context of the Russian oil and gas industry. The authors provide a critical analysis of theoretical aspects related to the concepts of sourcing, outsourcing and insourcing, which have been in the focus of Russian economic science since the mid-2000s. Special attention is paid to the insourcing model, which is available and used by large companies in capital-intensive industries with long-term investment and production cycles, such as oil and gas. The signs of production and management inefficiency of insourcing are formalized. In terms of transaction costs, a comparison is made between the efficiency and effectiveness of outsourcing and vertical integration. Taking into account the peculiarities and distinctive features of modern business environment, its uncertainty and new challenges for oil and gas producing companies, the authors conclude that strategic outsourcing is most in demand. The results obtained in the study can be used in practice of oil and gas companies, as well as by government bodies in the process of developing a regulatory policy in the relevant area.
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Zhao, Fuquan, Hong Tan, and Zongwei Liu. "Analysis of the Business Models of the Intelligent and Connected Vehicle Industry." MATEC Web of Conferences 325 (2020): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032504002.
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Intelligent connected vehicles (ICV) are recognized as a great opportunity with huge social benefits by the global auto industry. Governments of various countries attach great importance to them, and traditional Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) and technology companies are also introducing them into consumers’ lives by virtue of various business models, thereby generating practical value. The business model plays a decisive role in determining whether a company can share the ICV market cake and its future position in the industry. More importantly, it will also determine how fast the ICVs can become reality from imagination. In this paper, the ICV industry ecosystem was sorted out, the business models of ICVs adopted by mainstream OEMs were analyzed, and five typical business models were summarized, i.e. platform model, self-transformation model, traditional Tier1 dependence model, alliance model, and outsourcing model. On this basis, the SWOT analysis method was adopted to systematically analyze the internal and external advantages and disadvantages of the five business models, and forward insights on enterprises’ developing and maintaining the competitive advantages in the ICV industry were proposed from five perspectives of technology, market timing, customer experience, brand, and data.
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Stathakis, Dr E., and E. Stambologlou. "An Empirical Analysis of Overtime Greek Regional Development Strategies/Policies the Period 1976-2015: The Case of the Region of Thrace." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 8, no. 05 (May 4, 2020): 369–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v8i05.ec01.
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Thrace had and has relatively favor conditions for substantial development, that is, good and adequate physical, environmental and cultural resources, but paradoxically remains the poorest Greek region. What missed was the smart, consistent and effective regional development policies, capable of counterbalancing the disadvantages. Some not well-designed policies, based on generous financial incentives after 1976, contributed very little to its growth because they were fragmentary without focus and cohesion. They supported a shallow growth, unable to create a good/stable and sustainable basis for cost, quality and functional competitive advantages. Our empirical research proves well- documented the insufficiency of regional policies followed the last 40 years, 1976-2015. In this context, we suggest some indicative new regional policies that will have to be based on both, in smart incentives, supporting smart/flexible specialization well-branded globally and in intelligent production systems capable of supporting effectively, either outsourcing production via long term cooperation, or domestic production for niche markets.
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Cabrero-Holgueras, José, and Sergio Pastrana. "SoK: Privacy-Preserving Computation Techniques for Deep Learning." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2021, no. 4 (July 23, 2021): 139–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/popets-2021-0064.
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Abstract Deep Learning (DL) is a powerful solution for complex problems in many disciplines such as finance, medical research, or social sciences. Due to the high computational cost of DL algorithms, data scientists often rely upon Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) to outsource the computation onto third-party servers. However, outsourcing the computation raises privacy concerns when dealing with sensitive information, e.g., health or financial records. Also, privacy regulations like the European GDPR limit the collection, distribution, and use of such sensitive data. Recent advances in privacy-preserving computation techniques (i.e., Homomorphic Encryption and Secure Multiparty Computation) have enabled DL training and inference over protected data. However, these techniques are still immature and difficult to deploy in practical scenarios. In this work, we review the evolution of the adaptation of privacy-preserving computation techniques onto DL, to understand the gap between research proposals and practical applications. We highlight the relative advantages and disadvantages, considering aspects such as efficiency shortcomings, reproducibility issues due to the lack of standard tools and programming interfaces, or lack of integration with DL frameworks commonly used by the data science community.
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Schoenmaker, Rob, and Hans de Bruijn. "Embracing complexity in performance-based contracts for road maintenance." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 65, no. 1 (January 11, 2016): 4–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-02-2014-0034.
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Purpose – An important feature in managing road infrastructures is the growing use of performance-based contracts (PBCs) in the delivery of maintenance. The expectations are high. But there are also risks connected to PBC. The main question for road agencies is: how to achieve as much as possible of the expected advantages while limiting the possible disadvantages? The purpose of this paper is to answer that question and explore how PBC of maintenance can be improved. Design/methodology/approach – Based on theoretical constructs this paper investigates the strategies of the English Highways Agency and the Dutch Rijkswaterstaat, when outsourcing the maintenance of their existing road infrastructures and the effects of their strategies. Findings – The paper finds that road agencies should focus on the process of interaction of the main actors involved, rather than the performance measurement systems (PMS) itself. The agencies should adjust their governance to the degree of uncertainty. PBC requires an informed and knowledgeable principal. Research limitations/implications – The in-depth study is limited to two road agencies. More systematic research is needed in linking theoretical constructs with empirical evidence from more road agencies. The method applied in this paper can be used for further research. Practical implications – The lessons drawn from the case studies offer potential benefits to other road authorities that use or consider PBC as their method of delivery of maintenance. Originality/value – Where only few empirical studies have investigated in detail the actual achievements of PBC in road maintenance, this empirical research aims to fill that gap.
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Shepel, Tetiana. "Development of Accounting in Ukraine Based on the Implementation of IFRS: Problems and Prospects." Accounting and Finance, no. 1(91) (2021): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2021-1(91)-36-43.
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For more than fifteen years in Ukraine, the process of reforming the accounting system has been carried out on the basis of the introduction of the IFRS methodology. New national standards have been adopted; many changes have been made to the Accounting Law that in the end gave enterprises the opportunity to apply original international standards, and their national counterparts. The purpose of the article is to systematize the problems of introducing IFRS into Ukrainian accounting practice and to substantiate the prospects for the development of domestic accounting on the basis of further implementation of the IFRS methodology. The problems of applying IFRS in Ukraine at different stages of their implementation were considered. The advantages and disadvantages of applying international standards in the accounting practice of Ukrainian enterprises were revealed. It was found that the employees of accounting services were not sufficiently prepared for the preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS, in connection with which the demand for accounting outsourcing services increased and there was a need to develop and conduct accounting training seminars. The adoption of national standards on the basis of international standards should only in theory ensure their complete identity, but in practice disagreements arose between the norms of certain standards. These circumstances led to the need for wider application of original IFRS, rather than their national counterparts. For national supervisory and regulatory bodies, IFRS have become an additional tool for effective monitoring and supervision of the economic activities of enterprises. The use of IFRS has opened access to Western capital markets for Ukrainian enterprises.
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Danyliuk, Natalia, Yuliia Shulyk, and Olena Kachan. "MODERN TOOLS OF IT COMPANIES' PROJECT ACTIVITY MANAGEMENT." Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, "Economics" Series 1, no. 22(50) (September 29, 2021): 88–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2021-22(50)-88-94.
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The article focuses on the importance of project management in the IT companies’ activity, which is determined by the specifics of enterprises offering digital products and business models, as well as the peculiarities of relationships between enterprises as participants of distribution channels. The study describes the main types of IT companies, in particular, identifies the advantages and disadvantages of each type of companies. Significant differences in the activities of product and outsourcing IT companies have been identified, the main conditions for successful positioning of product IT companies have been outlined, which are: participants in project activities, phases of the digital product life cycle and the chosen business model. The specifics of the enterprises' activity – manufacturers of products and the involvement of product IT companies in this activity have been determined to be promising from the point of view of income maximizing for the participants of vertical sales channels. The example of GMDH Streamline describes the activities of a product IT company that offers effective IT solutions, in particular for forecasting supply and demand, as well as inventory planning. The article describes the proposed GMDH Streamline software solution, namely the improvement of the ERP system, and the Agile approach used in the project management process. The proposed study can be a source of information for further research on the search for mechanisms to maximize the income of enterprises – manufacturers using modern software solutions to optimize stocks, as well as forecasting the demand and supply. Theoretical provisions highlighted in the article on the possibilities of building effective sales chains in terms of planning the costs of operating activities, in particular for manufacturers can have significant practical value for company management.
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Lavryk, Oleksandr, and Tetiana Kovalenko. "FINANCIAL MARKET INSTRUMENTS IN CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION." Economic Analysis, no. 27(4) (2017): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2017.04.133.
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Introduction. The current alternative type of bank lending is the market of financial instruments. Nowadays it is gaining considerable popularity in international practice, but remains rather new in the domestic financial market and beyond. Such situation causes the actualization of scientific research related both to the coverage of the theoretical positions of the functioning of the financial instruments system, as well as to the improvement of practical features of their implementation. At the same time, taking into account bank-centricity of financial market of Ukraine (the assets of banks make over 87 % of combined assets of financial mediators) and absence of the adjusted infrastructure of stocks market, the banks themselves must become the initiators and providers of new financial mechanisms of the investment support of the domestic economy. Purpose. The article aims to determine the features, advantages, disadvantages and consequences of financial instruments usage on the basis of theoretical generalization of the essence and functional characteristics of financial market instruments and carrying out financial and economic analysis of their use. Method (methodology). The implementation of the tasks has been realized with the help of estimation and analysis of methods of risks and financing efficiency, estimation of financial and economic performance, statistical methods. Results. Research of dynamics and structure of financial mediation in the different countries of the world have allowed to draw the following conclusion: prevailing of the bank crediting in the structure of outsourcing of financing of activity of subjects of the real economy in the world, with the exception of Japan and USA; reduction of part of the bank crediting in the combined volume of the credits which have been given in economy by the financial sectors of different countries of the world; increasing of role of financial instruments in economic growth ensuring.
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Kang’e, McDonald, Eng Dr Thomas A. Senaji, and Dr Risper Orero. "FIRM CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE OF PRIVATE HEALTH INSURANCE SECTOR IN KENYA." Journal of Business and Strategic Management 5, no. 1 (May 18, 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jbsm.400.
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Purpose: This study sought to establish the influence of firms’ characteristics as determinants of transient advantage on performance. Specifically, the study looked at the influence of firm age and firm size on the performance of insurance firms in Kenya. Methodology: This study employed descriptive research design targeting all the 19 insurance companies that offer health insurance products as at end of December 2017. Secondary data was collected on the firm characteristics (firm age and firm size) and the performance of health insurance (Gross Weighted Premiums and Underwritten Results). Descriptive and inferential analysis was conducted to show the relationship between the variables. The analyzed data was presented by use of bar charts, graphs and frequency tables. Inferential statistics were done including correlation regression and ANOVA.Results: The study revealed that firm size had a positive relationship between age and firm performance that was statistically significant. The study also revealed that firm age had a positive relationship between age and firm performance that was statistically significant.Conclusion: Age of a company is a quality that has been identified in this study as a factor which enables a company to gain capabilities which enable it to exploit transient advantage. It has been observed that the age of a company enables it to gain experience and learning which makes it able to overcome the effects of a rapidly changing business environment. With time these companies also gain a reputation placing them above their competitors. Age, alone, may not guarantee the performance of a company. Other factors have to accompany longevity for the firm to be able to exploit transient advantages and improve its performance. This can be proven by the fact that there are firms that had been in the sector for over three decades yet they control a small portion of the market share. This may be because the benefits of accumulated knowledge can be overcome by the inertia, inflexibility and bureaucracy brought about by routine, rules and organizational structure.Contributions to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that firms should form partnerships with other firms to enhance cheaper resource outsourcing and offset the disadvantage which comes with firm age and firm size thus increasing firms’ profitability. It was also recommended that strategic partnerships should be adopted to enhance new market penetration and faster growth due to pooling of resources. It is further recommended that the age and size of an organization must be well supported by agility to enable the firm exploit transient advantages and that firms must use the financial muscle and experience gained over the years to take advantage of waves of opportunity.
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IVANENKO, OLENA. "Ukrainian Gigonomy: Transformation of Employment, Risks and Prospects." Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing, Stmm. 2021 (4) (December 2021): 43–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/sociology2021.04.043.
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The article deals with the transformation of the employment structure and gigonomics. Today, such economic model is becoming the dominant option of choice, which is working in almost all the spheres and sectors of the economy and is increasingly conquering the world. The employment of the population represents the general structure of the economy and changes with it, reflecting the state of development of the country. Structural economic changes have led to a change in the usual forms and types of employment of the population. The market economy served as an impetus for a change in the structure of employment in the former Soviet society, and global economic processes have unified these changes. Today, the dominant trend is the shift of the main vector of economic activity from the sphere of production to the sphere of service (in various industries), small and medium-sized businesses, the applying of the principles of freelancing and outsourcing. There is also a decrease in employment in the fields of science, education, medicine; the science loses its prestige and intrinsic value, scientific knowledge is devalued, and intellectual work is increasingly concentrating in the field of computer technology, creating a huge number of new specialties and professions that require different fundamental training, high qualifications and a large number of work places. The standard principles of organizing the work process are giving way to non-standard ones; preference is given to freedom of choice, flexibility and independence etc. The digital economy and work on digital platforms are relevant, modern and promising, but they are not devoid of certain risks and dangers. Platform employment is precarious, unstable, socially and legally vulnerable, although in developed countries almost a third of the working-age population is employed in the gig economy today. In the article, there are investigated the peculiarities of Ukrainian gigonomics based on the materials of a survey conducted by the author among gig workers in Kiev — taxi drivers of online services (Uber, Uklon, Bolt) and food delivers (Glovo, Bolt Food, Rocket). Besides, there are clarified main advantages and disadvantages of such work and there are described its threats and prospects.
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Edvardsson, Ingi Runar, and Susanne Durst. "Outsourcing, Knowledge, and Learning." International Journal of Knowledge-Based Organizations 7, no. 2 (April 2017): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkbo.2017040102.
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This paper aims to review research that determines the influence of outsourcing on knowledge management and learning, a process which will help identify new research opportunities and contribute to the further development of outsourcing theory. The study consists of a review of 34 refereed articles on outsourcing in relation to knowledge management and learning. The findings were summarised in a number of hypotheses and two conceptual models which highlight the contribution of outsourcing to either competitive advantage or disadvantage. This study may not have enabled a complete coverage of all peer reviewed articles in the field of outsourcing in relation to learning and knowledge management. Yet, it seems reasonable to assume that the review process covered a large share of studies available. To the best of the authors' knowledge, no literature review on this topic has previously been published in academic journals.
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Keith, Ronald Mac. "ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES." Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 18, no. 2 (November 12, 2008): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8749.1976.tb03622.x.
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Hubbard, Elbert. "Advantages and Disadvantages." Journal of Education 52, no. 23 (December 1990): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002205749005202301.
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Brucker, Mary C., and Mary Ann Faucher. "PHARMACOLOGY: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES." Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health 47, no. 6 (November 12, 2002): 407–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1526-9523(02)00323-9.
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СТУСЬ, Віктор, Микола МОІСЕЄНКО, Костянтин БАРАННІК, Микита ПОЛІОН, and Матвій ЖБАКОВ. "Testing: advantages and disadvantages." EUROPEAN HUMANITIES STUDIES: State and Society 1, no. II (March 30, 2019): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.38014/ehs-ss.2019.1-ii.10.
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The article discusses the most common method of assessing students' knowledge, namely, test control. Its advantages are compared, such as: assessment speed, systematization, impartiality and minuses: poor digestibility of knowledge, lack of depth and creativity in answering, imperfect drawing up of questions. Can this method of assessment adversely affect the level of students' knowledge and their future professional activity?
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Tanimoonwo, Grace. "Cybersex: Advantages And Disadvantages." IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science 14, no. 3 (2013): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/1959-1436065.
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